北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题

这是一份北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题，共10页。

（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 2024.10
制卷人：宋凌云 审卷人：王永峥
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last year I decided t d sme vluntary wrk. I began t research n the Internet and discvered Vlunteer USA. Three mnths later, I 1 myself n a plane t Phenix, Arizna. I was 2 at the thught f living with lads f new peple fr three mnths. Hwever, within fifteen minutes f arriving, my wrries had gne. Everyne was s friendly and like-minded that it was very easy t feel at hme.
I was sent t the Crnad Natinal Frest fr my first 8-day 3 . We had t carry everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked. It may nt seem like a 4 way, but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were n fire.
My jb was t 5 a stairway ut f rck. This 6 climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain inhabited (栖息) by muntain lins, althugh I shuld say they were nly heard, never seen.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being. The 7 f knwing that my wrk will be n that muntainside fr years t cme is massive.
But n the last night we were caught in a thunderstrm. I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent. The temperature was clse t 8 . I had t spend the rest f the night trembling in the nly dry part f my tent.
Needless t say, I suffered a lt. But I knw whatever I have t face in my life. I was there and I 9 . I think I am much 10 fr having taken part in the prject.
1. A. imaginedB. fundC. enjyedD. intrduced
2. A. annyedB. surprisedC. nervusD. excited
3. A. prjectB. turC. campaignD. curse
4. A. niceB. safeC. lngD. quick
5. A. buildB. testC. cleanD. guard
6. A. helpedB. meantC. allwedD. ended
7. A. satisfactinB. ambitinC. expectatinD. intentin
8. A. bilingB. averageC. nrmalD. freezing
9. A. recveredB. resistedC. escapedD. survived
10. A. smarterB. strngerC. happierD. busier第二节 语法练习（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
Part 1 请写出下列句子的句子基本类型以及划线部分的句子成分。
Sentence 1: In recent years, researchers frm diverse fields have agreed that shrt-termism is nw a significant prblem in ur sciety.
Sentence 2: What is als very different is that students in the same class can have different class schedules.
11. Sentence 1的句子基本类型______________
12. Sentence 1中划线部分的句子成分_______________
13. Sentence 2的句子基本类型______________
14. Sentence 2中划线部分的句子成分_______________
Part 2 阅读下列短文，请根据短文内容填空，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Last year, Zhang Tian graduated frm university and 15_______(get) a teacher's certificate. Inspired by his teachers, he 16_________(apply) t be a vlunteer teacher in a village schl. Althugh the schl didn’t live up t his hpes and life there was challenging than he 17__________(think), he fund ways t deal with challenges. He nt nly intrduced subjects like music, art and PE t help students, but als rganized the first-ever schl cncert. Nw students’ schl lives are 18_________(attract) and the schl is full f laughter and music. Meanwhile, he brught many changes t the village. He cntacted charity 19___________(rganize) abut rebuilding the schl and helped the villagers sell lcal prducts nline. Althugh he had nly intended t stay fr ne year, he nw 20____________(feel) ready t stay fr anther year.
第二部分：阅读理解（共50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共25小题；每小题2分，共50分）
A
Welcming New Lifestyles
21. If a persn wants t enjy a simple but happy life, which lifestyle is suitable?
A. Ikigai. B. Lagm.C. Wabi sabi.D. Hygge.
22T live a lifestyle f wabi sabi, ne has t ______.
A. achieve a balance between wrk and life
B. find beauty in his r her imperfect life
C. be happy and find ut the meaning f life
D. thrw away the useless and live a simple life
23.This passage is mst likely t be read in a ______.
A. research reprtB. travel blgC. prduct advertisementD. ppular magazine
B Surfer Dudes t the Rescue!
Abut 50 feet frm shre f the Nrthern Califrnia’s Trinidad State Beach, tw brthers were fighting fr their lives. They had been swept ut t sea in a rip current (激流), their muths barely able t stay abve the water. Thick fg made it difficult fr beachgers t see the guys, but the screams were unmistakable. And every secnd cunted. The brthers, ages 15 and 20, were wearing shrts and T-shirts, unsuitable fr a Nvember day, let alne the freezing water. Keven Harder, a supervising ranger (巡查员), tld the Nrth Cast Jurnal in nearby Eureka that swimming in such a temperature “takes the fight right ut f yu.”
Luckily, fur surfers in wet suits were nearby. Narayan Weibel, Spenser Strattn, and Adrian Yrk, all 16, alng with Taj Ortiz-Beck, 15, were n their surfbards riding up and dwn the cast n five-ft waves when they heard the cries. They turned and saw tw bbbing heads and fur struggling arms. “We lked at each ther and knew these guys were abut t drwn,” Weibel tld the Washingtn Pst.
Weibel, Strattn, and Ortiz-Beck paddled tward the distressed swimmers while Yrk headed t shre t warn smene t call 911. He then dived back in t help his friends.
As the surfers drew clse, the brthers were still fighting hard fr their lives. “It was pretty stressful, but there wasn’t any time t think abut it, and that helped me keep my cl,” Ortiz-Beck says.
Ortiz-Beck pulled up alngside the yunger brther. Grabbing him under his arms, he raised him up nt his bard. Strattn and Weibel, meanwhile, hurried t help the lder brther. He was large, 250 t 300 punds, and he was panicked.
“I tld them, ‘Calm dwn—we gt yu!’” says Weibel. “They thught they were ging t die.”
Yrk arrived in time t help get the lder brther atp the secnd bard. The surfers then paddled several minutes thrugh chppy water t the medical help waiting nshre. The brthers were scared but fine.
“When we get a call like this ne, it’s usually t late by the time we get there,” says Dilln Cleavenger, a first respnder. “I can’t say enugh abut what these bys did. They were willing and prepared t risk their lives.”
24. What can we knw frm the first paragraph?
A. Beachgers happened t meet the tw brthers.
B. The supervising ranger warned them nt t swim then.
C. Tw brthers were almst drwned in the sea.
D. Surfers barely wre T-shirts and shrts in such weather.
25. What were the fur bys ding when they heard the screams?
A. Surfing n high waves.B. Swimming in a rip current.
C. Struggling with their arms t shre. D. Practising diving in the sea.
26. In the rescue, __________.
A. Andrian Yrk dived back t call the plice
B. Narayan Weibel tried t calm dwn the brthers
C. Keven Harder played the mst imprtant rle
D. Ortiz-Beck saved the larger and panicked brther
27. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the fur surfers?
A. Brave and determined.B. Hardwrking and friendly.
C. Devted and talented. D. Kind and humrus.
C
As yu craft yur reslutins fr 2025, cnsider adding ne t experience mre flw. Psychlgist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has called flw as “the secret t happiness”. Flw is a state f psitive experience that each f us can incrprate int ur everyday lives, ne characterized by great jy that makes a life wrth living.
When peple feel flw, they are in a state f intense cncentratin. Their thughts are fcused n an experience rather than n themselves. They lse a sense f time and feel as if their actins and awareness becme ne. Flw ccurs when bth the task's challenge and skill level are high. Peple will nt feel flw when they are ding the dishes. Csfkszentmihalyi’s research in the 1970s fcused n peple ding tasks they enjyed. He studied swimmers, music cmpsers, dancers, muntain climbers and ther athletes. He fund ut that s lng as that task's challenge is high, and s are yur skills, yu shuld be able t achieve flw.
Why is flw “the secret t happiness”? Fr ne thing, the experience can help peple pursue their lng-term gals. Research shws that taking a break t feel flw can enhance ne’s self-cntrl, gal pursuit and well-being. A recent study als shws that flw helps peple stay resilient （有适应力的） in the face f difficulty. Part f this is because flw can help refcus thughts away frm smething stressful t smething enjyable. In fact, studies have shwn that experiencing flw can help guard against depressin and burnut.
What is ging n in the brain during flw? Studies shw that the experience is assciated with increasing activatin in brain structures related t feeling reward. This may be ne reasn why flw feels s enjyable and why peple are s fcused n tasks that make them feel flw. Research als shws that flw is assciated with dampened activity in brain structures related t self-fcus and negative thughts. This may help explain why feeling flw can help distract peple frm wrry. Hwever, the abve-mentined studies were crrelatinal, nt causal. Further study f this cnnectin is vital.
28. Accrding t the passage, flw is mst likely t ccur when smene is_______.
A. attending a cncert f his favrite singer
B. playing chess against a tugh ppnent
C. ding daily chres fr his family members
D. sharing his traveling experience with friends
29. Flw is called “the secret t happiness” partly because it can help________.
A. break lng-term gals int shrter nes
B. turn demanding tasks int easier nes
C. remind peple t take necessary breaks
D. distract peple frm negative thughts
30. What des the underlined wrd “dampened” in Paragraph 4 mst prbably mean?
A. Planned.B. Imbalanced. C. Reduced.D. Activated.
31. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw can “flw” be achieved in everyday life?
B. When des the state f “flw” ccur?
C. Why des experiencing “flw” feel s gd?
D. What happens in ur brain during “flw”?
D
I get that parents wrry abut screen time. But speaking as a researcher studying the effects f screen-based experiences, screens can be a great tl fr reading. Digital bks give children unique pprtunities t learn and imprve skills thrugh literacy apps. T that end, I am ne f many researchers in this field wh believe that digital reading shuld nt be cnsidered screen time in the traditinal sense.
With the large number f educatinal technlgical prducts that lack research and gd design, the millin-dllar questin is: What makes a digital stry gd fr children’s learning? Over the past 20 years, researchers have identified specific design features and reading situatins that make sme digital bks mre educatinal than thers. First, it's crucial that digital bks ffer high-quality persnalized reading experiences. With bks that have Al-based text generatrs and a mre pen-ended design, children becme multimedia creatrs, c-writers and c-illustratrs f their wn stry universe. Secnd, digital bks can significantly enhance the parent—child reading experience. The questins embedded （嵌入的）in digital bks shuld mdel and expand what the parent might ask, and thrugh this mdeling, enhance the quality f parents’ talk arund the bk.
But as much as I supprt digital reading, the cmmercial turn in the develpment f ed tech wrries me, particularly in relatin t prfit-driven design and misuse f children’s data. Like sme scial media, subscriptin libraries turn kids’ attentin int a cmmdity （商品）thrugh autmatic bk recmmendatins. These bks are ften tied t advertising clicks and exhibit lw literary quality in their stries. Furthermre, there’s ften n cntent versight, allwing anyne t becme a publisher, which can lead t the creatin f biased r data-gathering materials targeting children. Generative AI has expanded cntent creatin pssibilities but als raised cncerns abut quality. In this regard, digital bks, like all ed tech, need strict quality checks and imprved cllabratin between researchers and develpers.
Anyway, the digital reading frmat has pened an exciting new research frntier. This includes using real-time data that teachers and ther prfessinals can use t individualize hw children learn t read. AI can be a gd partner in supprting adults’ chice f texts, prmpts and reading activities fr children, prvided it is trained with diverse data and valid reading mdels. As researchers’ calls fr evidence—based children's ed tech are being heard by gvernments and funders, I hpe the past tw decades f e-bk research can deliver the advantages f digital bks t all children. Like it r nt, I hpe yu'll see that, at least fr reading, screens can be an amazing tl t teach yur child t read.
32. What is the authr’s attitude twards cunting digital reading as screen time?
A. Disapprving.B. Neutral.C. Supprtive D. Cautius.
33. Accrding t the passage, digital bks cntribute t ________________.
A. persnalized design featuresB. mre pen-ended questins
C. quality parent-child interactinD. changes in kids’ reading habits
34. What are the majr threats t digital reading?
A. Prfit-driven design and data misuse.B. The great number f advertisements.
C. The strict checks n the cntent.D. Lw literary quality but high prices.
35. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce sme advances in ed tech.
B. T highlight the risks f screen time.
C. T present the benefits f reading nline.
D. T ffer anther view n digital reading.
E
Last year scientists reprted using a neural implant（神经植入物）in a man’s brain t restre his ability t cmmunicate. The man has been partially paralyzed and unable t prduce cmprehensible speech since suffering a severe strke. It is the latest advance in the explding field f brain-cmputer interfaces（接口），r BCIs， which allw cmputers t read infrmatin ut f a living brain.
Brain-cmputer interfaces are pssible because f tw facts. The first is that yur brain cntains hundreds f tiny maps. Each represents specific features f yur physical feelings and intended actins. And crucially, the basic set f brain maps and their lcatins within the brain are very similar acrss individuals.
Thanks t their specialized functins and universal lcatins, brain maps are ideal entry pints fr BCI technlgies. Picking up signals frm a brain map is nly the first step in making a useful BCI. Althugh the lcatin f a brain map is the same acrss individuals, the details-what patterns f activity within the map mean-differ frm persn t persn. In a sense, the unique features f yur specific brain maps serve as a kind f encryptin（加密），safeguarding yur specific thughts and feelings frm wuld-be spies.
That brings us t the secnd fact that makes BCIs pssible. Thanks t advances in machine learning, scientists have develped prgrams that can learn t recgnize key patterns in a vast sea f numbers. They train these prgrams t decde（解码） brain signals by feeding them tns f examples. Researchers develping BCIs ften create such examples by instructing an individual t think specific thughts at specific times, creating a neural curriculum fr the prgram t learn frm.
While the universal features and lcatins f brain maps make them bvius entrances fr BCIs, the unique features f yur brain maps tend t prtect them frm spying eyes. In cases where BCIs have successfully read specific thughts r intentins frm a brain, it has been with the permissin f the individual whse brain was being read. But there are surreptitius ways t train decders n yur brain withut yur knwledge. This can happen if yur neural data falls int the hands f cmpanies with detailed infrmatin abut yur activities.
Like all technlgies, brain-cmputer interfaces are nt necessarily gd r bad. Yet while harvesting the benefits f BCIs, we need t ensure that we have the means t prtect urselves frm crpratins with every mtive t take advantage f this technlgy fr their financial gain.
36. What can we learn abut brain maps?
A. They can prcess encrypted signals.
B. They carry unique messages.
D. Their lcatins reveal human thinking patterns.
C. Their functins vary frm persn t persn.
37. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Machine learning enables BCIs t read mind.
B. BCIs culd help recver frm brain injuries.
C. BCIs can bst brain signals dramatically.
D. The decding f brain may be affected by BCIs.
38. What des the underlined wrd “surreptitius” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A. Secure. B. Secret. C. Standard. D. Stable.
39. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. The future trend f BCIs.
B. The ptential risks f BCIs.
C. The wrking principle f BCIs.
D. The general applicatins f BCIs.
F
Mark Twain has been called the inventr f the American nvel. And he surely deserves additinal praise: the man wh ppularized the clever literary attack n racism (种族主义).
I say clever because anti-slavery fictin had been the imprtant part f the literature in the years befre the Civil War. H. B. Stwe’s Uncle Tm’s Cabin is nly the mst famus example. These early stries dealt directly with slavery. With minr exceptins, Twain planted his attacks n slavery and prejudice (偏见) int tales that were n the surface abut smething else entirely. He drew his readers int the argument by drawing them int the stry.
Again and again, in the pstwar years, Twain seemed frced t deal with the challenge f race. Cnsider the mst cntrversial, at least tday, f Twain’s nvels, Adventures f Huckleberry Finn. Only a few bks have been kicked ff the shelves as ften as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s mst widely read tale. Once upn a time, peple hated the bk because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrte that thse wh banned the bk cnsidered the nvel “trash and suitable nly fr the slums (贫民窟).” Mre recently the bk has been attacked because f the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many ccurrences f the wrd nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, fr which the nvel is ften severely criticized, never appears in it.)
But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the pint. The nvel is strngly anti-slavery. Jim’s search thrugh the slave states fr the family frm whm he has been frcibly parted is heric. As J. Chadwick has pinted ut, the character f Jim was a first in American fictin—a recgnitin that the slave had tw persnalities, “the vice f survival within a white slave culture and the vice f the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”
There is much mre. Twain’s mystery nvel Pudd’nhead Wilsn std as a challenge t the racial beliefs f even many f the liberals f his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdm held Negres t be inferir (低等的) t whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part arund tw babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth t her master’s baby and, fr fear that the child shuld be sld Suth, switched him fr the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s light-skinned child was taken t be white and grew up with bth the attitudes and the educatin f the slave-hlding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken fr black and grew up with the attitudes and intnatins f the slave.
The pint was difficult t miss: nurture (养育), nt nature, was the key t scial status. The features f the black man that prvided the stuff f prejudice—manner f speech, fr example—were, t Twain, indicative f nthing ther than the cnditining that slavery frced n its victims.
Twain’s racial tne was nt perfect. One is left uneasy, fr example, by the lengthy passage in his autbigraphy (自传) abut hw much he lved what were called “nigger shws” in his yuth—mstly with white men perfrming in black-face—and his delight in getting his mther t laugh at them. Yet there is n reasn t think Twain saw the shws as representing reality. His frequent attacks n slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did nt.
Was Twain a racist? Asking the questin in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same f Lincln. If we read the wrds and attitudes f the past thrugh the “wisdm” f the cnsidered mral judgments f the present, we will find nthing but errr. Lincln, wh believed the black man the inferir f the white, fught and wn a war t free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a sldier, and inventr f Jim, may have dne mre t anger the natin ver racial injustice and awaken its cllective cnscience than any ther nvelist in the past century.
40. Hw d Twain’s nvels n slavery differ frm Stwe’s?
A. Twain’s themes seemed t agree with plts.
B. Twain’s attack n racism was much less pen.
C. Twain was penly cncerned with racism.
D. Twain was mre willing t deal with racism.
41. Recent criticism f Adventures f Huckleberry Finn arse partly frm its .
A. target readers at the bttmB. anti-slavery attitude
C. rather implite language D. frequent use f “nigger”
42. What best prves Twain’s anti-slavery stand accrding t the authr?
A. The slave’s vice was first heard in American nvels.
B. Jim’s search fr his family was described in detail.
C. Jim grew up int a man and a father in the white culture.
D. Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.
43. The stry f tw babies switched mainly indicates that .
A. blacks’ scial psitin was shaped by hw they were brught up
B .slaves were frced t give up their babies t their masters
C. slaves’ babies culd pick up slave-hlders’ way f speaking
D. blacks were brn with certain features f prejudice
44. What des the underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 7 refer t?
A. The attacks. B. Slavery and prejudice C. White men. D. The shws.
45. Why des the authr cmpare Twain t Lincln in the passage?
A. T highlight their similar persnal backgrunds.
B. T shw that bth had imperfect views n race by tday's standards.
C. T illustrate hw bth were praised fr their cntributins t literature.
D. T demnstrate that bth had cntrversial public lives.
第三部分：书面表达（共20分）
根据中文提示和所给关键词，将下列句子翻译成英文。（共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）
46. Jim在学校里总是专心听讲，积极思考，有空就做作业。(attentive)
47. 购物前，能够比较不同网店的质量和价格，非常方便。(cnvenient)
48. 离开的想法曾在脑海中闪过，但是他很快就放弃了这个念头，并且找到了应对挑战的办法。(flash thrugh)
49. 我们班已经为运动会准备了大量的水和巧克力。(prepare)
50. Jim觉得很激动，因为这个学校和他以前的学校在很多方面不一样。(differ)
Hygge has been ppular in the UK fr ver a year. It means t create a relaxed and cmfrtable md. It can be felt by relaxing activities like chatting with friends. Besides, hygge is als abut learning t be happy with simple things. This really resnated (共鸣) with me. I feel stressed at hme because my small flat is packed with much stuff. I decide t thrw the things that dn’t hld memries. Ding this wuld help me feel hygge.
Last year, lagm, a Swedish wrd meaning “just the right amunt”, became ppular. Lagm is abut seeking a balance f wrk and life. It’s als abut living mre sustainably (可持续地) by saving mre energy, creating less waste and recycling mre. Next year, I wn’t have t replace things s ften. Plus, I keep thinking abut recycling and hping t save as much mney as pssible. S, I can get n bard with lagm.
Cming frm Japan, wabi sabi is abut finding beauty in imperfectin. Wabi refers t the failings in the prductin prcess, which makes an bject special. Sabi describes the beauty that cmes with age. The traditin f wabi sabi can ffer a new way t view ur hmes. I am a perfectinist and I keep my hme tidy. But nw, my girls put their tys everywhere. S, I have t see the mess and accept the imperfectins.
In the Japanese cncept, ikigai means “a reasn fr being”, which can bring satisfactin and meaning t life. Many peple believe ikigai can be fund at what yu are gd at and what yu lve ding. Fr me, it is blgging. This year I can d mre writing tasks that interest me. And if I ntice the things that bring me n jy, I can stay away frm them in the future. Hpefully, this will help me t lead a mre meaningful life.