2023年中考英语完形技巧讲解及冲刺练习

这是一份2023年中考英语完形技巧讲解及冲刺练习，共9页。试卷主要包含了 完形填空的特点是什么？，考查题型，完形填空题的特点，完形填空解题步骤与要领，解题方法与技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。
完形填空是一种旨在考查考生的阅读能力、逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设一空。人名、 地名、日期等不在设空之列。隔词数越少，题目越难；反之亦然。
文体多以记叙文为主，首句通常不设空。考查内容集中在对名词、动词、代词、形容词和副词等实词的理解上。完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不认得字、词语的情况下，能否通过推理判断、综合分析等全面理解文章的正确意思，然后把答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。
二、考查题型
1.词汇题。这种题型从句子和语境层次上来全面考查名词，代词，数词，形容词，副词，连词，介词，动词等词类的意义和用法
2.动词的时态，语态，非谓语动词和主谓一致题。这类题也是从语境的层次上来全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。
3.常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。这种题涉及动词短语，介词短语，副词短语等的搭配和用法。
4.句法题。这种题型涉及简单句的五种句型，并列句，状语从句，宾语从句，定语从句等
5.逻辑分析题。这种题型主要考查学生的阅读理解能力，综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
三、完形填空题的特点
1. 首句不设空，传递主旨。手段很重要，理清人物关系定剧情。PS:无论人物是谁，结局一定好。过程：好—坏—好; 坏—好。
2. 关键挖空点：词义复现，逻辑关系，感情色彩
每道题的答案都有依据，不要凭感觉，依据就是以上三点
纵向上下求索，选项问什么就找什么
问名词，找一样一类（词义复现原则）
问形容词副词，找好坏一致（感情色彩原则）
问动词，找逻辑顺序（逻辑关系原则）
完形如何得满分：内功=词汇 外功=方法 快功=技巧 慢功=练习
文中单词不认识怎么办？
动词不认识：翻译成“搞，整，弄，干”
名词不认识：翻译成“东西”
形容词，副词不认识：翻译成“好/坏”或直接划掉（这三个必须认识：hardly几乎不，rarely/seldm很少）
四、完形填空解题步骤与要领
第一步：细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意
第二步：上下联系，逐句阅读，先易后难，初定答案。
第三步：复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心。
五、解题方法与技巧
1.重点读懂第一段第一句。完形填空在这一点和阅读理解很像，经常会在第一段第一句引出文章议题，只要读懂这一句就能把握文章主要方向，做题也瞬间容易了。
2.圈出选项与文章相同的词。只要发现题目选项有与文章相同的词，一定要圈出来并加以推敲，极有可能就是答案。
3.圈出同义词 & 反义词。只要发现题目选项有与文章相关的同义词或反义词，一定要圈出来，答案通常就在这些词里面。
4.从句和固定搭配。完形经常考到从句和固定搭配，所以学好从句以及记好固搭配不仅对单项有用，对完形也大有裨益。
5.利用“同义必同错，反义必正解”原则解题，即如果两个选项同义，就可以排除，也叫同元素排除法。
6.利用常识和文化背景解题
7.利用逻辑关系解题
8.利用选项配平原则解题，几乎不会有连续3个同个选项出现。
2022真题
I went t Beijing t study Chinese last year. I was ____26____ abut all the chances t better my language skills, walk n the Great Wall, and mst f all, eat real Chinese fd! I ____27____ remember my first jianbing, jiazi and Peking duck. Each f them was amazing in its wn way.
I knew that real Chinese fd wuld be different frm the Chinese fd I had eaten in the USA. I culdn’t wait t try all the ____28____ dishes that came up in my research abut Chinese fd. One f my favrites turned ut t be htpt（火锅）.
My first-ever htpt experience in Old Beijing was ____29____. As a first-timer, I was mved by the waiters’____30____ and their warmth f welcme. They tried their best t intrduce all f the ils and spices（调味香料）t me.
Lking arund, I fund that everyne had their wn favrite sauce cmbinatins（酱料组合）, ingredients and styles（食材和风格）. Sme wuld carefully ____31____ their ingredients int the htpt ne after anther. Others wuld impatiently put whle plates int the bubbling（冒泡的）il. Yu can learn a lt frm the ____32____ peple eat htpt.
When I went back t the USA, I ____33____ t prepare a htpt meal fr my family. It allwed me t nt nly share the culture that I had learned abut, but als ffer thers a chance t ____34____ China like I had. It’s amazing that ____35____ culd bring s much t life!
A. srryB. excitedC. tired
考查形容词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
A. stillB. neverC. hardly
考查副词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
A. heart-breakingB. muth-wateringC. time-saving
考查形容词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
A. unfrgettableB. unpleasantC. unlucky
考查形容词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
A. cldnessB. lazinessC. friendliness
考查名词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
31 A. playB. putC. wash
考查动词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
A. wayB. tlC. price
考查名词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
A. hatedB. refusedC. decided
考查形容词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
A. helpB. buildC. experience
考查动词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
35 A. jiaziB. htptC. Peking duck
考查名词，利用______法可以选出正确答案______
2021
I lked at the wrds n the page. I knew hw t say them, but my 46 wuldn’t wrk. It was my first class in this new schl, s nbdy here knew me. My teacher just asked me t read sme text ut lud. The whle class was waiting fr me 47 . I culd even hear my heartbeats.
I just sat there. Secnds passed. Sme students started t 48 . “What’s wrng with her?” ne by said. “Maybe she can’t read at all!” said anther student.
“Just pen yur muth and speak!” I tld myself. I tried t get the wrds ut. But the first was always the 49 . The teacher was waiting. Mre f my classmates were making fun f me. I wanted t hide under my desk. I sn felt tears (眼泪) running dwn…
I ften faced situatins like this during my grade schl. 50 ? I had a stuttering (结巴) prblem. Because f this, I ften felt embarrassed (尴尬的) at schl.
Thankfully, I met a great teacher, Mrs. Brwn. She never 51 me when I was trying t talk. She helped me t relax when I was speaking, and wuld always wait 52 fr me t finish my sentences.
Mrs. Brwn ffered me the mst encuragement. She always let me knw that my stuttering prblem didn’t mean I wasn’t smart. She said, “Yur brain is mving t fast, and yur muth just can’t keep up!” Thse simple wrds made me feel 53 and encuraged.
Great changes happened t me. When I entered high schl, I almst 54 stuttering. In cllege, I had n truble at all. As a child, I never imagined that I wuld becme a 55 just like Mrs. Brwn, passing lve and care n t my students.
46. A. eyesB. handsC. muth
47. A. nisilyB. silentlyC. prudly
48. A. suggestB. encurageC. laugh
49. A. hardestB. easiestC. funniest
50. A. WhatB. WhyC. Where
51. A. praisedB. rushedC. cmfrted
52. A. sadlyB. angrilyC. patiently
53. A. lvedB. hatedC. refused
54. A. startedB. stppedC. dubled
55. A. studentB. managerC. teacher
2020
As a university student, I decided t learn German. Fr sme reasn I really liked the language, but I was nt very gd at learning it. The grammar 31 me a lt and even drve me crazy. My nly advantage was 32 —I gt an A n every wrd test I tk. After tw years f studies, I struggled （挣扎） t cmmunicate in 33 German and signed up t study in Germany t cmplete my degree. It was the 34 term I wuld ever have.
The mment I arrived in Germany, I felt like I was starting frm scratch（从头开始）. The German I'd learned in university wasn't 35 fr everyday cnversatin. My bk knwledge fell by the wayside as I thught abut the basics f getting arund, reading emails and talking with my classmates, I was ften nervus at schl, wrried abut whether the teachers wuld call n me in class and whether I'd understand their questins. I nly 36 a little arund my eight rmmates, wh were willing t speak German slwly t me and didn't seem t mind my 37 .
I chse t study three curses—reading & writing, grammar and histry. All were in German and difficult, but the histry class was the wrst. The teacher spke s 38 that almst everything he said flew right ver my head. I sat in the frnt, tk ntes and even recrded every single wrd he said in class, but 39 helped. I had n idea what the class was really abut…
Years have passed, but I still remember hw it felt t struggle s hard at 40 anther language. That trip was a difficult but valuable lessn. I think my failure that term taught me just as much as my success.
31. （ ）A. gave B. helped C. trubled
32. （ ）A. listening B. spelling C. speaking
33. （ ）A. perfect B. brken C. beautiful
34. （ ）A. hardest B. easiest C. happiest
35. （ ）A. useless B. meaningless C. practical
36. （ ）A. relaxed B. feared C. wndered
37. （ ）A. purpses B. prgress C. mistakes
38. （ ）A. slwly B. quickly C. clearly
39. （ ）A. nthing B. anything C. everything
40. （ ）A. creating B. teaching C. learning
2019
Thanksgiving was just arund the crner. The menu（菜谱）had been set. The shpping list was made. 31 seemed perfect. I culd taste turkey and mashed ptates（火鸡和土豆泥）. Pictures f different pies, fruit and vegetables came int my mind. I culdn’t 32 !
The day befre Thanksgiving my dad called a family meeting. He said we needed t practice being 33 . “We are ging t 34 at a hmeless shelter（收容所）n Thanksgiving Day.” I culdn’t believe this was happening. S we wuldn’t ck ur wn Thanksgiving dinner? The hliday wuldn’t be the same. I thught the day wuld be ruined（糟蹋）.
The next mrning, we gt up 35 . I fllwed my father t the shelter with my sleepy eyes. I had n great expectatins and felt 36 all the way. As sn as we arrived, we gt t wrk. There was s much t be dne. But all I culd think abut was the dinner I culdn’t enjy.
Hwever, thse thughts sn 37 . Over the next few hurs, I watched hundreds f peple cme thrugh the shelter. Fr sme, this was the nly ht meal they wuld eat that week. Fr thers, it was the first time t eat a Thanksgiving meal. The shelter was filled with 38 .
Thrugh this experience, I learned that Thanksgiving is a time t think abut yur blessings（祝福）and lk fr ways t bless thers. When I gave up what I had wanted, I discvered hw much I have. It is much better t 39 than t receive. In the end, that Thanksgiving became an 40 experience.
31．A．SmethingB．EverythingC．Nthing
32．A．waitB．careC．understand
33．A．creativeB．nervusC．thankful
34．A．rush utB．help utC．check ut
35．A．earlyB．lateC．suddenly
36．A．excitedB．gdC．dwn
37．A．appearedB．disappearedC．rse
38．A．stressB．jyC．fear
39．A．giveB．takeC．waste
40．A．uncmfrtableB．unreasnableC．unfrgettable
2018
When I was fifteen years ld， I became very interested in shpping．After a while being just a buyer， I wanted t 31 smething．I had many things that I n lnger needed at hme．I knew with the help f my father I culd make mney．S fr mnths and mnths I 32 myself by selling things n my dad's bank accunt（账户）．
On July 18th， 2015， I made my wn accunt and began t start my wn 33 ．Things were ging great and then I realized that selling things arund the huse wasn't 34 fr me， s I decided t expand （拓展）my business by running a re-sale shp．I went arund t the yard sales and bught things at lw prices and sld them at 35 prices t make mney．
Last Octber．I went t a yard sale that was a little bit different．A lady had many nice things t sell．I went up t her and had a 36 with her．Thrugh the cmmunicatin， I knew she was jbless at that mment and needed mney t feed her family．I thught I culd d it better and mre quickly fr her．S I made a decisin t help her ut．She lked at me fr a while and then said 37 ．After that I tk away sme f her things and ver the next mnth I made ￥1，500fr her! When I gave her the mney， she brke dwn int tears（眼泪） 38 ．
I have never felt s 39 t help smene in my life．I knw my skills culd be used t help thse in need and that even ne small act f kindness culd 40 ．
31．A．buy B．sell C．prduce
32．A．annyed B．enjyed C．punished
33．A．business B．hliday C．educatin
34．A．familiar B．helpful C．enugh
35．A．higher B．lwer C．half
36．A．cmpetitin B．fight C．cnversatin
37．A．n B．yes C．srry
38．A．peacefully B．regretfully C．thankfully
39．A．wrried B．stressed C．pleased
40．A．make a difference B．make a mess C．make a mistake
2017
A father and his daughter were flying a kite in the par.The yung daughter was a little bit tired,s they t a 31 n the bench(凳子).When the daughter saw an ld man selling apples,she ased her father t buy her an apple. Her father didn't bring much mney with him.but it was enugh t buy tw apples.S he did.and gave 32 f them t his daughter,smiling.
His daughter held ne apple in her left hand and the ther in the right hand.Then the father asked her if she culd 33 ne f the apples with him. When the girl heard this,she quickly t a bite(咬） frm ne apple. And befre her father culd speak,she als t a bite frm the 34 apple.
The father was 35 .He wndered what mistake he made s that his daughter acted in such a greedy(贪婪的)way.He was lst in thught Perhaps he was just thinking t much. His daughter was t 36 understand abut sharing and giving.A smile disappeared frm his face.
Suddenly，his daughter with an apple in her left hand said，“Daddy，have this ne！ It is much juicier and 37 ”Her father was speechless.He felt 38 abut making the judgment(判断)s quickly abut a small child. But his smile 39 knwing why his daughter quickly t a bite frm each apple.
Dn't judge anything r draw a cnclusin (结论) t quickly. 40 spare sme mre time t understand things better.
A . walk B. shwer C. break
A . bth B. either C. neither
33. A . cut B. wash C. share
34. A . first B. secnd C. third
35. A . satisfied B. surprised C. mved
36. A . brave B. silly C. yung
37. A . sweeter B. bitterer C. saltier
38. A . prud B. great C. bad
39. A . went away B. came back C. ran ff
40. A . Always B. Never C. Seldm
2016
D yu believe that we can have an imprtant influence n anyne we meet? The right wrds at just the right time culd 31 smene’s life.
When I was 3 years ld, my parents discvered I was 32 . After asking many dctrs and parents f ther deaf children, they decided nt t put me in a special schl. Althugh I seemed utging, my self-esteem（自尊心）was quite lw. On my first day at schl, the ther kids 33 me because f my hearing aid and the way I talked. I was hurt deeply and I saw myself as a(n) 34 kid.
Mrs. Green, my 35 , changed all f that with a simple three-wrd phrase. One mrning, she asked the class a questin. Sitting at my desk silently, I 36 her lips（嘴唇）and raised my hand right away. She called n me in frnt f the blackbard. I tk a deep breath and 37 answered Mrs. Green’s questin.
I will 38 frget what happened next. Mrs. Green pinted directly at me. With sparkling （闪光的）eyes and a big smile she cried: “That’s right, Ben!”
Fr the first time in my yung life, my cnfidence（自信）rse. At that mment, I decided that n matter hw many 39 I may face, I can vercme（克服）them. Thanks t thse three 40 wrds, my whle life changed frm that mment.
31．A．end B．change C．lse
32．A．blind B．deaf C．fat
33．A．made fun f B．tk care f C．made friends with
34．A．ugly B．smart C．handsme
35．A．driver B．dctr C．teacher
36．A．readB．tuchedC．reached
37．A．nervusly B．lazily C．carelessly
38．A．ften B．ever C.never[来
39．A．aims B．difficulties C．interests
40．A．unkind B．bitter C．simple
2015
I am nt a brave girl, and even a little muse scares(惊吓) me. 31 I’ve been crazy abut bungee jumping(蹦极). One day, I fund a gd place fr this exiting 32 in Thailand by surfing the Internet. I packed my bag and flew there. Hwever, I had n idea hw t get t the address listed n the 33 . I called them and tk a taxi, but the taxi driver didn’t knw the way, either. He drpped me halfway.
Having bught sme bread, I had t wait fr the car that was suppsed t pick me up. Just then a yung man jumped ut f a car and asked if I was Jenny. Then we 34 t the bungee jumping place. I was amazed by the sights alng the rad thrugh the windw f the car.
I quickly signed an agreement which said I might die, and 35 a harness(安全带).The guide led me thrugh a gate, asked me t sit in a special seat and tied my 36 and ankles(踝) well.
I was nervus but nt scared. As sn as I std up and felt my ankles 37 tgether, I gt scared, I walked slwly t the edge(边) f the bridge and lked back. The wrkers lked at me and culdn't help laughing. At last it was time t g. S I jumped as 38 frward as I culd.
At that mment my memry seemed t stp. I felt 39 ging up, like riding a fast lift, and then anther drp and… Finally, I stpped in the air. I spread my arms wide, laughing ludly and 40 .The wrkers pulled me up, smiling at me.
31. A. ButB. OrC. S
32. A. taskB. sprtC. subject
33. A. magazineB. newspaperC. website
34. A. walkB. ranC. drve
35. A. put utB. put nC. put ff
36. A. legsB. earsC. eyes
37. A. tiedB. dividedC. spread
38. A. clseB. farC. shrt
39. A. themselvesB. himselfC. myself
40. A. sadlyB. angrilyC. prudly