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外研版九年级上学期英语各单元语法知识点复习学案
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外研版九年级上学期英语各单元语法知识点复习学案Module 1 Wonder of the world重点单词：wonder n.奇迹 v. 想知道 2. grade 成绩 年级 3. meet v . 认识 遇见 4. nature n. 自然 meeting n. 会议 natural adj.自然的5. call叫做、名为、打电话 6. light adj. 明亮的 n.光线 7. appear v. 出现 8. high adj. 高的 disappear v.消失 height n.高度9. rise –rose-- risen 升起知识点归纳：1.listen up 请注意 2. have a meeting 开会3. write down 写下来 4. get out of 从......出来 5. in front of 在......前面 6. too...to... 太......而不能..... 7. at the bottom of 在.... ..的底部 8. in the east 在东方 9. look over 仔细检查 10. look down 向下看11. on the edge of 在......的边缘 12. one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数13.have been to 去过 14. be afraid of sth. / doing sth.害怕have gone to 去了 be afraid to do sth.15. be able to 能够 16. at the moment 现在 17.look forward to sth. / doing sth.期望 18. faster and faster 越来越快19. hundreds of 成千上万的 thousands of 数以百计的 millions of 数以百万的 billions of 数以十亿的20. a number of 许多 the number of ......的数量21. get good grades/ results 取得好成绩 22. spend , pay , take , pay 花费23. go through 与across 24. How old How many How much How long How soon How often How far25. 表邀请 26. 提建议27. 各种时态知识精讲：13. have/has gone to去而未回 He has gone to Nanning. 他已去了南宁。 have/has been to 去过某地 He has been to Nanning twice. 他到过南宁两次。 have/has been in 已到某地（一段时间） He has been in Nanning for two weeks. 他来南宁已两周14. 害怕… be afraid of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog. be afraid of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking. be afraid to do sth. 如： I am afraid to speak English. be able to do 与can 能/会做某事① be able to do sth. 有各种时态的变化 如：She is able to do it. 她能够做到。She will be able to do it. 她将会做得到。②can 只有 could 这个形式(一般过去时)的变化 如: I can swim.我会游泳。I could swim. 我会游泳。(指过去)18. faster and faster 越来越快 “比较级+比较级”表示“越来越......”19. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several 一词时要不能加s ，反之则要加s 并与of 连用， 表示数量很多 如：3 hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 3百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树20. a number of 许多 + 可数名词的复数 the number of ......的数量 + 可数名词的复数如： A number of our class are girls. 我们班学生许多是女生。 The number of our class is 43.我们班学生的数量是40人。22. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.23. go through 从空间内或某物中间穿过 I go through the forest. 我穿过了这个森林。across 从某个平面横过 I walk across the streets. 我穿过马路。24. How old问年龄、年代。 How many问可数名词数量 How much询问不可数名词的数量、物品的价格。How long提问物体的长度、时间的长短 How soon 对 “in+一段时间 ”提问， 表示“多久之后”。How often对表示频率的副词或短语提问。“多久一次” How far 问两地间的距离 “多远”25. 表邀请 Would you like to do sth.? 你想要不要做……吗? 如: —Would you like to go to the cinema with me? —Yes. I’d like / love to. 26. 提建议的表达方式A. Shall I / we do sth.? 我(们)做……好吗?B. Let’s do sth. 咱们做……吧C. You’d better (not) do sth. 你最好(不要)做某事D. What / How about (doing) sth.?E. Why not do sth.? = Why don’t you / we do sth.? “ 为什么不……?”。如: Why not go and ask your teacher? =Why don’t you go and ask your teacher? Module 2 Great books重点单词：1. work n. （常复）作品、工作 v. 工作2. think v. 认为 、想 thinker n 思想家3. month n. 月 monthly adj. 每月的4. free adj. 有空的、免费的 freedom n. 自由5. history n. 历史 historical adj. 历史的6. please v.请，使…高兴 pleased adj. 高兴的，愉快的11. edit v. 编辑 editor n. 编辑者12. north n . 北 northern adj. 北边的 south n. 南 southern adj. 南边的 east n. 东 eastern adj. 东边的 west n. 西 western adj. 西边的13. die v. 死 death n . 死 dead adj. 死的14. l ive v. 住 lively adj. 活泼的 alive adj. 活着的知识点归纳：1. look for 寻找 2. not ... any more 不再 3. think about 考虑 4. a bit 一点 5. millions of 数百万的 6.be known for 因...而著名 be known as 作为....而著名 7. in fact 事实上8. be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事 be pleased with sth. / sb. 对某事/某人感到满意9.run away 逃跑 10. in the middle of 在......中间 11. grow up 成长 12. lots of 大量的 14. even if 即使 15. get lost 迷路 丢失16. decide to do sth. 决定做事 17. go on 继续 18.at the end of 在....尽头 19. be surprised to do sth.做某事感到惊奇 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇20. talk about 谈论 21. it’s thought 被认为 22. What’s up ? 有什么事？ 23. 一般现在时的被动语态知识精讲：1. look for “寻找”强调寻找的过程 find 强调寻找的结果 I am looking for my book, but I can’t find it . 我正在找我的书, 但我找不到它。6. be known as = be famous as “作为......而出名” be known for = be famous for “因......而出名”eg. (1) Luxun is known as a writer. 鲁迅作为作家而著名。(2) China is known for the Great Wall. 中国以长城而著名。8. be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事 I am pleased to see you . 我很高兴看见你。be pleased with sb. 对某人感到高兴 I am pleased with you. 我对你感到高兴的。19. be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊奇 I am surprised to see you. 我看见你感到惊讶。 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇 I am surprised at the result. 我对这个结果感到惊讶。22. What's up ? What's wrong ? What's the matter ? 什么事? 可再句末加上with sb. /sth.What's going on ? What's the trouble ? 23.被动语态(1). 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。 (2). 被动语态基本结构：由“助动词be ＋动词的过去分词”构成(3). 被动语态的句型: 肯定句: 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by ~~). The boy is called Jack. 否定句: 主语 + be not + 过去分词 + (by ~~). The baby is not looked after by his father. 一般疑问句: Be +主语 + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? Is King Lear written by Shakespeare? 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑词+ be + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? What is the sweater made of? .(4）被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。 一般现在时的被动语态为：主语+am / is / are + 过去分词 主语+am not / isn’t / aren’t + 过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态为：主语+was / were+ 过去分词 主语+wasn’t / weren’t + 过去分词一般将来时的被动语态为：主语+will be + 过去分词 主语+am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 主语+won’t + 过去分词 主语+am not / isn’t / aren’t going to be + 过去分词 现在完成时的被动语态为: 主语+have / has been + 过去分词 主语+haven’t/ hasn’t been + 过去分词 与情态动词连用的被动语态：主语+情态动词+ be + 过去分词 主语+情态动词 not + be + 过去分词(5)被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 Module 3 Sporting life重点单词：1. encourage v. 鼓励 encouragement n. 鼓励2. regular adj. 有规律的 regularly adv. 有规律地3. discuss v. 讨论 discussion n. 讨论 4. sportsman n. 男运动员 sportswoman n. 女运动员知识点归纳：1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做… be allowed to do sth. 被允许做... allow sb. not to do sth. 不允许某人做某 be not allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做...2. stand for 代表 3. so ... that ... 如此......以至于 4. be mad with sb. 生某人的气 5. in order to 为了 6. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 7. first of all 首先 8. at first 起先 9. compare with 与......比较 10. find out 查明 11. take up 占据 12. as well as 并且、和 13. fall down 倒下 14. do well in sth. / doing sth. 在某方面做得好 15. at the same time 同时 16. start doing 开始做某事 17. get to sb. 惹恼、打扰18 . as 作为 19. make sure20. on 13th July , 1983 21. be born 出生 22. take part in 参加 23. Are you coming ? 你会来吗?24. for 对于 25. 一般过去时的被动语态 与 一般将来时的被动语态知识精讲：1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 My mother allows me to sleep.我妈妈允许我睡觉。allow sb not to do sth不允许某人做某事 My mother allows me not to sleep. 我妈妈不允许我睡觉 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做......I am allowed to sleep. 我被允许睡觉 be not allowed to do sth. 不被允许做.. I am not allowed to sleep. 我不被允许睡觉。6. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 如：Teachers always encourage us to study English. 老师们总是鼓励我们学习英语。9. compare with 与......作比较 如：Liu Xiang was compared with the world’s best sports stars. 刘翔被与世界最好的运动明星作比较。14. do well in sth. / doing sth 在某方面做得好 == be good at sth. / doing sth 擅长于做某事 如：I do well in writing. 我在写这方面做得好。 I am good at writing. 我擅长于写作。16. start doing == begin doing 开始做某事18 . as 作为 如：As a student, we should study hard. 作为一位学生，我们应该努力学习。19. make sure 确保，确定 如：I make sure ( that ) he can come back safely. 我确保他能安全回来。20. on 13th July , 1983 时间介词 in , on , at in 用于 年、月、季节 in 2011 在2011年 , in May 在五月 , in summer 在夏天on 用于 星期、具体某一天或某一天的早中晚 on July 13that 用于 具体某一时刻 at 10:00 21. be born 出生 用于一般过去时 I was born in Beijing. 我出生于北京。22. take part in “参加，加入”参加(群众性活动、会议等)， join “参加，加入” 加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体。 eg. 1) All the students took an active part in the cleaning. 所有的学生都积极参加了大扫除。 2) His brother joined the army three years ago. 他哥哥是三年前参军的。23. Are you coming ? 你会来吗？ 现在进行时表将来发生的动作。24. for 对于 For Liu Xiang, life as a sporting hero has just begun. 对于刘翔而言，成为体育英雄的日子才刚刚开始。For me , I do some reading every morning. 对于我来说，我每天早晨都读书。25.一般过去时的被动语态 主语(动作接受者) + was/were + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者) 被动语态的句型: 1）肯定句: 主语 + was/were+ 过去分词 + (by ~~). 2）否定句: 主语 + was/were not + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 3）一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? 4）特殊疑问句: 特殊疑词 + was/were + 主语 +过去分词 + (by ~~)? eg. 1） A new shop was built last year. 2） A new shop wasn't built last year. 3） Was a new shop built last year? 4）When was a new shop built ?一般将来时的被动语态 主语(动作接受者) + will /shall + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者) 被动语态的句型: 1）肯定句: 主语 + will + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 2）否定句: 主语 + won’t + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 3）一般疑问句: Will + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? 4）特殊疑问句: 特殊疑词 + will + 过去分词 + (by ~~)?eg. 1) Many trees will be planted next year. 2) Many trees won't be planted next year. 3) Will many trees be planted next year? 4) When will many trees be planted?Module 4 Great inventions重点单词：advantage n. 优点 disadvantage n. 不利因素 缺点2. favour n. 帮助 喜爱 favourite adj. 最喜爱3. produce v. 生产 product n. 产品 4. invent v. 发明 invention n. 发明 创造 inventor n. 发明家5. know v. 知道 knowledge n. 知识6. introduce v. 介绍 introduction n. 介绍 7. popular adj. 流行的 popularity n. 普及 流行 8. wood n. 木 wooden adj. 木制的9. develop v. 发展 developed adj. 发达的 developing adj.发展中的10. quick adj. 快的 quickly adv. 快地11. cheap adj. 便宜的 cheaply adv. 便宜地重要句子：1. It doesn’t matter. 没关系。2. I’ll see to that . 我会处理的。3. Is that clear ? 明白了吗？知识点归纳：1. ask a favour 拜托一下 2. would like to do sth. 想要做某事3. take photos 照相 4. from now on 从现在起 5. on screen / computer在屏幕上 6. anyway 无论如何7. a couple of 几个 8. turn off 关闭 turn on 打开 9. lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 turn up 调高 调大 turn down 调低 关小 borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借某物10. see to 负责 11. on one’s way to +地点 在某人…的路上12. look after 照顾 look at 看 look up 向上看 查找 look through浏览; 看穿 look for 寻找 look forward to 期待着 look out of 从...往外看 look over 检查 look out 向外看 小心 13. be made from 由…构成 14. without 没有be made of 由…构成15. learn to do 学习做某事16. at home 在家 at school 在学校 at work 在工作 at last 最后 at present 目前 现在 at first 开始 at least 至少 at once 立即 马上 at breakfast 在早餐时 at night 在晚上 at the age of 在......岁时 at a time 一次 at the beginning of 在......的开始 go to sleep 去睡觉 18. by hand 用手工 19. at a time 一次 20. as a result 因此 21. be used for 被用于...... 22. rather than 而不是23. 现在完成时的被动语态 与情态动词连用的被动语态知识精讲：1. ask a favour 拜托一下 2. would like to do sth. 想要做某事 I’d like to take some photos. 我想要拍些相片。feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 I feel like taking some photos. 我想要拍些相片。 9. lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 She lent the book to me. 她把书借给我。borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借某物 She borrowed the book from me. 她从我这借了一本书。10. see to sb. /sth. 负责如：Will you see to the cats? 请你照顾一下猫好吗？11. on one’s way to +地点 在某人…的路上 但在某人回家的路上不用to 如：I saw Tony on my way home 在我回家的路上看见了托尼.He saw Tony on his way to work. 他在他上班的路上看见了托尼。13. be made from 由…构成 看不出原材料 The paper is made from wood. 这张纸由木制作的。be made of 由…构成 看得出原材料 The desk is made of wood.这桌子由木构成。14. without 没有 介词 后加名词或动名词 without knocking the door 没有敲门。 with 有 介词 后加名词或动名词15. learn to do 学习做某事 We must learn to look after ourselves. 我们必须学会照顾自己。。23.(1)现在完成时的被动语态 主语(动作接受者) + have /has + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者) 被动语态的句型: 1) 肯定句: 主语 + have / has + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 2) 否定句: 主语 + have / has not + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 3) 一般疑问句: Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? 4) 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑词 + have / has + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? eg. 1) The work has been finished 2) The work hasn't been finished. 3) Has the work been finished? 4) When has the work been finished? (2) 含有情态动词的被动语态主语(动作接受者) + 情态动词 + 助动词be + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者)常用的情态动词： can /could, may / might , must shall , should, will / would否定式在情态动词后加 not ，疑问式是将情态动词放于主语之前。eg. 肯定句： A new hospital may be built in our city. 否定句： A new hospital may not be built in our city. 一般疑问句：May a new hospital be built in our city? 特殊疑问句： When may a new hospital be built in our city? Module 5 Museums重点单词：1. free adj. 空闲的，有空的，免费的 2. communication n. 交流 communicate v. 传达3. noise n. 噪音 noisy adj. 吵闹的4. familiar adj. 熟悉的 unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的 5. amaze v. 使人惊讶 amazing adj. 令人惊讶的 amazed adj.惊讶的6. bore v. boring adj. 令人厌烦的 bored adj. 厌烦的7. unusual adj. 不同寻常的 usual adj. 经常的 usually adv. 经常地重要句子：1. No entry . 禁止进入。 2. No photography. 禁止照相3. No shouting / swimming / parking / smoking. 禁止喧哗/游泳/停车/吸烟4. Don’t touch. 不要碰。 5. Come on! 过来 加油！6. Come back! 回来 7. Look at the sign. 看这个标语。8. Hurry up. 快点知识点归纳1. sth. be familiar to sb. 某物对于某人来说很熟悉 2. as well 也3. against the rules 违反规则 4. take a photo 照相 obey the rules 遵守规则 take photos 拍照5. on one's own 某人自己 6. be different from 与...不同7. talk about 谈论 8. work out 设法弄懂，计算出 9. try out 试用，试验 10. fill...with... 把......装满 11. a kind of 一种 12. as...as... 同.....一样 above all 首先 14. drop in 顺便走访 15. from...to... 从...到... 16. go upstairs / downstairs 17. pay attention to 注意 18. do experiments 做实验19. compare…with… …与…做比较 20. make a noise 吵闹21. think about 考虑22. 形容词/副词+enough，enough +名词 足够23. in the whole world = all over the world = around the world 全世界24. 表禁止知识精讲：2. as well “也” 用于肯定句句末，无逗号隔开。 too 用于肯定句句末，有逗号隔开。 either 用于否定句句末。 also 用于肯定句句中。 eg. 1) He speaks English, and he knows French as well. 他说英语，也懂法语。2) Jim likes red. I like red, too. 吉姆喜欢红色，我也喜欢。3) If he doesn't go, I won't either. 如果他不去，我也不去。4) They also agree with me. 他们也同意我的意见。3. 以no 开头的祈使句常用于公共警示语，后接名词或动名词。No shouting! 禁止喧哗！ No smoking! 禁止吸烟。 No photos. 禁止拍照。6 .①be different from 与...不同 China is different from America. 中国与美国不同的。 ②be the same as 与…相同 China is the same as America. 中国与美国一样。7 .①talk about doing sth. / sth. 谈论 They are talking about learning 他们正在谈论学习②talk with sb. == talk to sb. 与某人交谈 Mother often talks with / to Tony. 10. fill...with... 把......装满 I filled the bag with lots of money. 我把袋子装满了钱。17. pay attention to doing sth./ sth. “注意，留心” You must pay attention to taking good care of yourself. 你必须注意好好照顾你自己。19. compare…with… …与…做比较 He likes to compare Class One with Class Five. 他喜欢拿一班与五班做比较。22. 形容词/副词+enough 如：beautiful enough 足够美丽enough +名词 足够 如：enough food 足够食物24. 表禁止(1) 祈使句 通常用来表示命令、请求、劝告或禁止等 ① 肯定句：动词原形 如： Hang on a minute ! 等一下！② 否定句：Don’t + 动词原形 如： Don’t shout. 不要喊叫。(2) No + 动名词 （v.ing） 如： No smoking. 不许吸烟。 No + 名词 如： No photos. 不许照相。(3) You mustn’t + 动词原形 情态动词mustn’t 可表达“禁止”的概念 You mustn’t shout. 你不能吵闹。(4) You can’t + 动词原形 情态动词can’t 可表示“不允许”，可以用来制止某人做某事。 You can’t make any noise. 你不能吵闹。(5) You aren’t allowed to + 动词原形 You aren’t allowed to watch TV. 你不许看电视。 Module 6 Museums重点单词：1. possible adj . 可能的 impossible adj. 不可能的2. enjoy v. 喜爱，享受， 欣赏 enjoyable adj. 快乐的，令人愉快的3. environment n. 环境 environmental adj. 环境的4. communicate v. 交流 communication n . 交流5. comfortable adj. 舒服的 uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的6. care v. 关心 careful adj.认真的，仔细的 carefully adv. 认真地 careless adj. 粗心的 7.healthily adv. 健康地 unhealthily adv. 不健康地health n. 健康 healthy adj. 健康的 unhealthy adj. 不健康的 8. pollute v. 污染 pollution n. 污染 polluted adj. 受污染的9. use v. 使用 reuse v. 再使用 reusable adj. 可重新使用的10. waste n.废品 waste v. 浪费 wasteful 浪费的11. worry n. 担忧 worry v. 担心 worried adj. 担心的12. science n. 科学 scientific adj. 科学的 scientist n. 科学家13. hope v. 希望 hopeful adj. 有希望的 hopeless 渺茫的知识点归纳:1. throw away 扔掉 2. raise money 筹集钱3. turn off 关掉 4. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 turn on 打开 ask sb. not to do sth.叫某不要做某事5. care about 关心 6. protect the air 保护空气 7. waste electricity 浪费电 8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事 9. instead of doing sth. / sth. 10. do harm to sth. 对…造成伤害11. make a difference to sth./sb. 对…很重要 12. it’s 形容词 to do sth. 做某事怎么样13. change…into… 把…变成…14. help sb. to do sth. help sb. do sth. help sb. with sth. help do sth. 15. 前缀、后缀构词法 见课本P179知识精讲：1. throw away 扔掉 如： Don’t throw away the paper. 不要乱扔纸。4. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth. 叫某不要做某事 My father asked me not to watch TV. 我爸爸叫我不要看电视。5. care about 关心 在乎 He cares about his field. 他关心的就是他的田地。8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事 try not to do sth. 尝试不要做某事 We should try not to buy too many things from abroad. 我们应该尝试地不要购买太多国外的东西。9. instead of doing sth. / sth. 代替 用于句中 instead 代替 用于句末 I want to go shopping instead of going swimming. 我想要去购物而不是游泳。 I want to go shopping instead. 我想要去购物。do harm to sth. 对…造成伤害 Tony does harm to our environment. 托尼伤害了我们的环境。make a difference to sth./sb. 对…很重要 It makes a difference to me .它对我很重要。it’s 形容词 to do sth. 对某事怎么样 It’s important to study English. 学习英语很重要。change…into… 把…变成… You can’t change the cat into a tiger. 你不可能把这个只猫变成一只老虎。14 . help sb. to do sth. 如： He helps me to finish the work. 他帮助我完成这项工作。 help sb. do sth. He helps me finish the work. 他帮助我完成这项工作。 help sb. with sth. He helps me with the work. 他帮助我完成这项工作。 help do sth. He helps save the world. 他帮助拯救世界。 Module 7 Australia重点单词：1. south n. 南方 southern adj. 南部的 2. amaze v. 使吃惊 amazing adj. 令人吃惊的 amazed 吃惊的3. sheep n. 绵羊 复数也是 sheep 重点句子：1. What are you up to ? == What are you doing ? 你正在做什么？2. Would you like a hand ? == Can I help you ? 需要帮助吗？3. I bet you do. 我相信你行。知识点归纳:1. do a project 做一个项目 2. have to do sth. 不得不做某事3. have a look 看一看 4. the centre of … …的中心 have a look at sth. 看一看某物5. on our back from + 地方 从某地返回的路上 on one’s way to + 地方 在某人去某地的路上6. by the way 顺便问一声 7. on 关于8. at the moment 此刻 常于现在进行时连用 at that moment 在那一刻 常与过去进行时连用10. be surprised at sth. 对某物感到惊讶的 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是11. be similar to sth. 与某物相似 be the same as sth. 与某物相同9. take a helicopter 乘坐直升机12. in the fields 在田野里 13. on the hills 在山上 14. go on a camel ride 骑骆驼 15. keep doing 一直做某事16. have a bad temper 有个坏脾气 17. as soon as 一…就…18. over there 在那边 19. at once == right now 马上、立刻知识精讲：2. have to do sth. 不得不做某事 如： I have to go home now. 我现在不得不回家。3. have a look 看一看 如： May I have a look ? 我可以看一下吗？ have a look at sth. 看一看某物 如：May I have a look at the computer ? 我可以看下这电脑吗？4. the centre of … …的中心 如： the centre of the city 城市的中心5. on one’s back from + 地方 从某地返回的路上 如：on our back from school 在我们从学校返回的路上on one’s way to + 地方 在某人去某地的路上 如：on our way to school 在我们去学校的路上8. at the moment 此刻 常于现在进行时连用 如： I am singing at the moment. 我此刻在唱歌。 at that moment 在那一刻 常与过去进行时连用 如： I was singing at that moment. 在那一刻我在唱歌。10. be surprised at sth. 对某物感到惊讶的 如： I am surprised at the car. 我对这辆小车感到惊讶to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 如： To my surprise, I saw him yesterday. 令我惊讶的是我昨天看见他了。15. keep doing 一直做某事如: I keeping smiling in the morning. 早上我一直微笑着 Module 8 Photos重点单词：1. early adj. / adv. 早的， 早早地 2. win v. 成功 winner n. 胜利者3. perfect adj. 完美的 perfectly adv. 完美地4. success n. 成功 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地5. luck n . 幸运 lucky adj. 幸运的 luckily adv. 幸运地6. usual adj. 平常的 unusual adj. 不平常的 usually 通常地重点句子：1. You bet !当然啦！2. How did you get on ? 你进展如何了？3. It’s gone. 它消失了。4. You’re kidding. 你在开玩笑吧！5. Congratulations to you ! 祝贺你！6. Good luck to you ! 祝你好运！知识点归纳:1. at the back 在后面 2. at the front 在前面3. play the guitar / drums 弹钢琴、击鼓 4. on the left / right 在左边、在右边5. go upstairs / downstairs 上楼、下楼 6. maybe == perhaps 也许8. in with a chance 有机会 9. expect to do sth. 期盼做某事10. pick up 捡起, 接 11. look after == take care of 照顾12. try out 尝试 试验 13. be pleased with sth. 对某物满意14. compare with sth./ sb. 与某物某人作比较 15. find out 找出16. fifteen-year-old 15岁的 17. take photos 照相18. far from 远离， close to 靠近 19. manage to do sth. 设法某事20. thanks to 多亏了 21. talk about 谈论22. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人23. at the end of ……结尾 at the beginning of ……开始知识精讲：1. at the back 在后面 如： He Zhong is at the back. 何忠在后面。2. at the front 在前面 如： He Zhong is at the front. 何忠在前面。4. on the left / right 在左边、在右边 如： I am on the left. 我在左边。9. expect to do sth. 期盼做某事 如： He expects to go to Beijing. 他期盼去北京。10. pick up 捡起, 接 如： I picked up the book. 我捡起了这本书。 My father picked me up at the airport. 我爸爸在机场接我。be pleased with sth. 对某物满意 如：I pleased with my grades. 我对我自己的成绩感到满意。fifteen-year-old 15岁的 后加名词 如： I am fifteen-year-old girl. 我是一个15岁的女孩。manage to do sth. 设法某事 如： I will manage to finish the work. 我将会设法完成这项工作。agree to do sth. 同意做某事 如：I agree to play football. 我同意踢足球。 agree with sb. 同意某人 如： I agree with you. 我同意你的。 Module 9 Cartoon stories重点单词：1. new adj. 新的 news n. 新闻、消息2. love v. 爱 lovable adj. 可爱的3. cartoon n. 卡通 cartoonist n.卡通画家4. create v . 创造 creator n. 创造者重点句子：1. But it’s no laughing matter. 这不是什么可笑的事情。2. That’s a good news. 那是一个好消息。3. Here you are. 给你。知识点归纳:1. be like 好像 2. make sb. + 动词原形 / 形容词3. have a word with sb.和某人说几句话 4. speak to sb. 对某人说话5. in trouble 麻烦中 in deep trouble 大麻烦中6. win the hearts of sb. 赢得某人的心 7. make a mess 制造混乱8. play jokes 开玩笑 9. fall in love with sb. 爱上某人10. over there 在那边 11. need to do sth.需要做某事12. hold birthday parties = have birthday parties 举行生日晚会知识精讲：1. be like 好像 如： This is like a cartoon story . 这好像一个漫画故事。2. make sb. + 动词原形 / 形容词 如： This makes me leave. 这使我离开了。3. have a word with sb.和某人说几句话 如：I must have a word with mother.5. in trouble 麻烦中 如：I am in trouble. 我遇到麻烦了。 in deep trouble 大麻烦中 如： I am in deep trouble. 我遇到大麻烦了。6. win the hearts of sb. 赢得某人的心 如：She wins the hearts of the young people. 她赢得年轻人的心。7. make a mess 制造混乱 如： The children often make a mess at home.孩子们经常在家里制造混乱。8. play jokes 开玩笑 如：Don’t play jokes. 不要开玩笑了。 kid n. 小孩 v. 取笑 如： You’re kidding. 你在开玩笑。 Module 10 Fitness重点单词：1. train n. 火车 v. 训练 trainer n. 教练2. likely adj. 可能地 unlikely adv. 不可能地3. health n. 健康 healthy adj. 健康的 healthily adv. 健康地4. luck n. 运气 lucky adj. 幸运的 luckily adv. 幸运地5. cook v. 煮 n. 厨师 cooker n. 厨具 cooking n.烹饪6. taste v. 尝起来 tasty adj. 美味的重点句子：1. Good luck. 祝你好运2. Don’t give up . 不要放弃。3. Don’t talk to me about that! 不要对我说那。知识点归纳:1. a bit 一点 2. give up sth. / doing sth.放弃做某事3. take exercises == do sports 做运动 4. go running 去跑步5. do weight training 做举重训练 6. talk to sb. == talk with sb. 与某人交谈7. talk about 谈论 8. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事9. bump into sb. 碰到某人 10. want to do sth. 想要做某事11. be bad for sth. 对某物有坏处的 12. 形/副+ enough , enough + 名词13. persuade sb. to do sth. 劝说某人做某事14. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事15. stay fit == stay healty== keep fit == keep healthy 保持健康16. had better do sth. 最好做某事 ，had better not do sth. 知识精讲：1. a bit 一点 如：You are a bit nervous. 你有一点紧张。2. give up sth. / doing sth.放弃做某事 如：Don’t give up me. 不要放弃我。 My father gave up smoking. 我爸爸放弃了吸烟。6. talk to sb. == talk with sb. 与某人交谈 如：I often talk to my teacher ==I often talk with my teacher. 我经常与我老师交谈。refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 如：My father refused to go to Beijing.我爸爸拒绝去北京。bump into sb. 碰到某人 如：He bumped into his good friend. 他碰到他的最好朋友。12. 形/副+ enough , enough + 名词 如：beautiful enough 足够漂亮的，enough food足够食物13. persuade sb. to do sth. 劝说某人做某事 如： My mother persuaded me to study hard. 我妈妈劝说我努力学习。14. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 如： My mother encouraged me to study hard. 我妈妈鼓励我努力学习。had better do sth. 最好做某事 如： You’d better speak English. 你最好说英语had better not do sth. 如： You’ d better not speak English. 你最好不要说英语Module 11 Population重点单词：1. crowd v. 拥挤 n . 群众 crowded adj. 拥挤的2. noise n. 噪音 noisy adj. 吵闹的3. success n. 成功 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 unsuccessful adj. 不成功的 unsuccessfully adv. 成功地police n .警察 复数也是police 重点句子：1. How about this ? 这个怎么样？2. No idea ! 不知道！3. I don’t believe it ! 我不相信知识点归纳:1. too many+可数名词 ，too much+ 不可数名词 太多2. along with 与…一起 3. look up 查找 4. the population of……的人口 5. add to 添加6. move to +地方 搬到某地 7. in the distance 在远处8. close to = near 靠近 介词9. begin to do sth.== begin doing sth. == start to do sth. == start doing sth.10. be worried about sb./sth. == worry about sb./sth. 担心某人或某物知识精讲：1. too many+可数名词 太多 如： too many apples 太多苹果too much+ 不可数名词 太多 如： too much pollution 太多污染3. look up 查找 如： I am looking the new word up in the dictionary. 我正在字典里查找这个单词。4. the population of……的人口 如：the population of Beijing 北京的人口8. close to = near 靠近 介词 如：I live close to school.我住在学校附近。10. be worried about sb./sth. 如：Don’t be worried about me .不要担心我。== worry about sb./sth. 担心某人或某物 Don’t worry about me . Module 12 Summer in LA重点单词：1. experience n.经验 experienced adj. 经验丰富的2. week n. 周，星期 weekly adj. 每周的重点句子：1. Welcome to …欢迎来到…2. Please give a warm welcome to …对…表示热烈地欢迎知识点归纳:1. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 == have a good time 2. at the same time 同时3. at the beginning of ……的开始4. at the end of……的结尾5. make progress 取得进步6.have meals 吃饭7. take place 发生8. places of interest 名胜古迹9. check in 检查10. pick up 捡起 , 接11. take off 起飞， 脱下
外研版九年级上学期英语各单元语法知识点复习学案Module 1 Wonder of the world重点单词：wonder n.奇迹 v. 想知道 2. grade 成绩 年级 3. meet v . 认识 遇见 4. nature n. 自然 meeting n. 会议 natural adj.自然的5. call叫做、名为、打电话 6. light adj. 明亮的 n.光线 7. appear v. 出现 8. high adj. 高的 disappear v.消失 height n.高度9. rise –rose-- risen 升起知识点归纳：1.listen up 请注意 2. have a meeting 开会3. write down 写下来 4. get out of 从......出来 5. in front of 在......前面 6. too...to... 太......而不能..... 7. at the bottom of 在.... ..的底部 8. in the east 在东方 9. look over 仔细检查 10. look down 向下看11. on the edge of 在......的边缘 12. one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数13.have been to 去过 14. be afraid of sth. / doing sth.害怕have gone to 去了 be afraid to do sth.15. be able to 能够 16. at the moment 现在 17.look forward to sth. / doing sth.期望 18. faster and faster 越来越快19. hundreds of 成千上万的 thousands of 数以百计的 millions of 数以百万的 billions of 数以十亿的20. a number of 许多 the number of ......的数量21. get good grades/ results 取得好成绩 22. spend , pay , take , pay 花费23. go through 与across 24. How old How many How much How long How soon How often How far25. 表邀请 26. 提建议27. 各种时态知识精讲：13. have/has gone to去而未回 He has gone to Nanning. 他已去了南宁。 have/has been to 去过某地 He has been to Nanning twice. 他到过南宁两次。 have/has been in 已到某地（一段时间） He has been in Nanning for two weeks. 他来南宁已两周14. 害怕… be afraid of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog. be afraid of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking. be afraid to do sth. 如： I am afraid to speak English. be able to do 与can 能/会做某事① be able to do sth. 有各种时态的变化 如：She is able to do it. 她能够做到。She will be able to do it. 她将会做得到。②can 只有 could 这个形式(一般过去时)的变化 如: I can swim.我会游泳。I could swim. 我会游泳。(指过去)18. faster and faster 越来越快 “比较级+比较级”表示“越来越......”19. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several 一词时要不能加s ，反之则要加s 并与of 连用， 表示数量很多 如：3 hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 3百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树20. a number of 许多 + 可数名词的复数 the number of ......的数量 + 可数名词的复数如： A number of our class are girls. 我们班学生许多是女生。 The number of our class is 43.我们班学生的数量是40人。22. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.23. go through 从空间内或某物中间穿过 I go through the forest. 我穿过了这个森林。across 从某个平面横过 I walk across the streets. 我穿过马路。24. How old问年龄、年代。 How many问可数名词数量 How much询问不可数名词的数量、物品的价格。How long提问物体的长度、时间的长短 How soon 对 “in+一段时间 ”提问， 表示“多久之后”。How often对表示频率的副词或短语提问。“多久一次” How far 问两地间的距离 “多远”25. 表邀请 Would you like to do sth.? 你想要不要做……吗? 如: —Would you like to go to the cinema with me? —Yes. I’d like / love to. 26. 提建议的表达方式A. Shall I / we do sth.? 我(们)做……好吗?B. Let’s do sth. 咱们做……吧C. You’d better (not) do sth. 你最好(不要)做某事D. What / How about (doing) sth.?E. Why not do sth.? = Why don’t you / we do sth.? “ 为什么不……?”。如: Why not go and ask your teacher? =Why don’t you go and ask your teacher? Module 2 Great books重点单词：1. work n. （常复）作品、工作 v. 工作2. think v. 认为 、想 thinker n 思想家3. month n. 月 monthly adj. 每月的4. free adj. 有空的、免费的 freedom n. 自由5. history n. 历史 historical adj. 历史的6. please v.请，使…高兴 pleased adj. 高兴的，愉快的11. edit v. 编辑 editor n. 编辑者12. north n . 北 northern adj. 北边的 south n. 南 southern adj. 南边的 east n. 东 eastern adj. 东边的 west n. 西 western adj. 西边的13. die v. 死 death n . 死 dead adj. 死的14. l ive v. 住 lively adj. 活泼的 alive adj. 活着的知识点归纳：1. look for 寻找 2. not ... any more 不再 3. think about 考虑 4. a bit 一点 5. millions of 数百万的 6.be known for 因...而著名 be known as 作为....而著名 7. in fact 事实上8. be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事 be pleased with sth. / sb. 对某事/某人感到满意9.run away 逃跑 10. in the middle of 在......中间 11. grow up 成长 12. lots of 大量的 14. even if 即使 15. get lost 迷路 丢失16. decide to do sth. 决定做事 17. go on 继续 18.at the end of 在....尽头 19. be surprised to do sth.做某事感到惊奇 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇20. talk about 谈论 21. it’s thought 被认为 22. What’s up ? 有什么事？ 23. 一般现在时的被动语态知识精讲：1. look for “寻找”强调寻找的过程 find 强调寻找的结果 I am looking for my book, but I can’t find it . 我正在找我的书, 但我找不到它。6. be known as = be famous as “作为......而出名” be known for = be famous for “因......而出名”eg. (1) Luxun is known as a writer. 鲁迅作为作家而著名。(2) China is known for the Great Wall. 中国以长城而著名。8. be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事 I am pleased to see you . 我很高兴看见你。be pleased with sb. 对某人感到高兴 I am pleased with you. 我对你感到高兴的。19. be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊奇 I am surprised to see you. 我看见你感到惊讶。 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇 I am surprised at the result. 我对这个结果感到惊讶。22. What's up ? What's wrong ? What's the matter ? 什么事? 可再句末加上with sb. /sth.What's going on ? What's the trouble ? 23.被动语态(1). 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。 (2). 被动语态基本结构：由“助动词be ＋动词的过去分词”构成(3). 被动语态的句型: 肯定句: 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by ~~). The boy is called Jack. 否定句: 主语 + be not + 过去分词 + (by ~~). The baby is not looked after by his father. 一般疑问句: Be +主语 + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? Is King Lear written by Shakespeare? 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑词+ be + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? What is the sweater made of? .(4）被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。 一般现在时的被动语态为：主语+am / is / are + 过去分词 主语+am not / isn’t / aren’t + 过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态为：主语+was / were+ 过去分词 主语+wasn’t / weren’t + 过去分词一般将来时的被动语态为：主语+will be + 过去分词 主语+am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 主语+won’t + 过去分词 主语+am not / isn’t / aren’t going to be + 过去分词 现在完成时的被动语态为: 主语+have / has been + 过去分词 主语+haven’t/ hasn’t been + 过去分词 与情态动词连用的被动语态：主语+情态动词+ be + 过去分词 主语+情态动词 not + be + 过去分词(5)被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 Module 3 Sporting life重点单词：1. encourage v. 鼓励 encouragement n. 鼓励2. regular adj. 有规律的 regularly adv. 有规律地3. discuss v. 讨论 discussion n. 讨论 4. sportsman n. 男运动员 sportswoman n. 女运动员知识点归纳：1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做… be allowed to do sth. 被允许做... allow sb. not to do sth. 不允许某人做某 be not allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做...2. stand for 代表 3. so ... that ... 如此......以至于 4. be mad with sb. 生某人的气 5. in order to 为了 6. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 7. first of all 首先 8. at first 起先 9. compare with 与......比较 10. find out 查明 11. take up 占据 12. as well as 并且、和 13. fall down 倒下 14. do well in sth. / doing sth. 在某方面做得好 15. at the same time 同时 16. start doing 开始做某事 17. get to sb. 惹恼、打扰18 . as 作为 19. make sure20. on 13th July , 1983 21. be born 出生 22. take part in 参加 23. Are you coming ? 你会来吗?24. for 对于 25. 一般过去时的被动语态 与 一般将来时的被动语态知识精讲：1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 My mother allows me to sleep.我妈妈允许我睡觉。allow sb not to do sth不允许某人做某事 My mother allows me not to sleep. 我妈妈不允许我睡觉 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做......I am allowed to sleep. 我被允许睡觉 be not allowed to do sth. 不被允许做.. I am not allowed to sleep. 我不被允许睡觉。6. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 如：Teachers always encourage us to study English. 老师们总是鼓励我们学习英语。9. compare with 与......作比较 如：Liu Xiang was compared with the world’s best sports stars. 刘翔被与世界最好的运动明星作比较。14. do well in sth. / doing sth 在某方面做得好 == be good at sth. / doing sth 擅长于做某事 如：I do well in writing. 我在写这方面做得好。 I am good at writing. 我擅长于写作。16. start doing == begin doing 开始做某事18 . as 作为 如：As a student, we should study hard. 作为一位学生，我们应该努力学习。19. make sure 确保，确定 如：I make sure ( that ) he can come back safely. 我确保他能安全回来。20. on 13th July , 1983 时间介词 in , on , at in 用于 年、月、季节 in 2011 在2011年 , in May 在五月 , in summer 在夏天on 用于 星期、具体某一天或某一天的早中晚 on July 13that 用于 具体某一时刻 at 10:00 21. be born 出生 用于一般过去时 I was born in Beijing. 我出生于北京。22. take part in “参加，加入”参加(群众性活动、会议等)， join “参加，加入” 加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体。 eg. 1) All the students took an active part in the cleaning. 所有的学生都积极参加了大扫除。 2) His brother joined the army three years ago. 他哥哥是三年前参军的。23. Are you coming ? 你会来吗？ 现在进行时表将来发生的动作。24. for 对于 For Liu Xiang, life as a sporting hero has just begun. 对于刘翔而言，成为体育英雄的日子才刚刚开始。For me , I do some reading every morning. 对于我来说，我每天早晨都读书。25.一般过去时的被动语态 主语(动作接受者) + was/were + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者) 被动语态的句型: 1）肯定句: 主语 + was/were+ 过去分词 + (by ~~). 2）否定句: 主语 + was/were not + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 3）一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? 4）特殊疑问句: 特殊疑词 + was/were + 主语 +过去分词 + (by ~~)? eg. 1） A new shop was built last year. 2） A new shop wasn't built last year. 3） Was a new shop built last year? 4）When was a new shop built ?一般将来时的被动语态 主语(动作接受者) + will /shall + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者) 被动语态的句型: 1）肯定句: 主语 + will + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 2）否定句: 主语 + won’t + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 3）一般疑问句: Will + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? 4）特殊疑问句: 特殊疑词 + will + 过去分词 + (by ~~)?eg. 1) Many trees will be planted next year. 2) Many trees won't be planted next year. 3) Will many trees be planted next year? 4) When will many trees be planted?Module 4 Great inventions重点单词：advantage n. 优点 disadvantage n. 不利因素 缺点2. favour n. 帮助 喜爱 favourite adj. 最喜爱3. produce v. 生产 product n. 产品 4. invent v. 发明 invention n. 发明 创造 inventor n. 发明家5. know v. 知道 knowledge n. 知识6. introduce v. 介绍 introduction n. 介绍 7. popular adj. 流行的 popularity n. 普及 流行 8. wood n. 木 wooden adj. 木制的9. develop v. 发展 developed adj. 发达的 developing adj.发展中的10. quick adj. 快的 quickly adv. 快地11. cheap adj. 便宜的 cheaply adv. 便宜地重要句子：1. It doesn’t matter. 没关系。2. I’ll see to that . 我会处理的。3. Is that clear ? 明白了吗？知识点归纳：1. ask a favour 拜托一下 2. would like to do sth. 想要做某事3. take photos 照相 4. from now on 从现在起 5. on screen / computer在屏幕上 6. anyway 无论如何7. a couple of 几个 8. turn off 关闭 turn on 打开 9. lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 turn up 调高 调大 turn down 调低 关小 borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借某物10. see to 负责 11. on one’s way to +地点 在某人…的路上12. look after 照顾 look at 看 look up 向上看 查找 look through浏览; 看穿 look for 寻找 look forward to 期待着 look out of 从...往外看 look over 检查 look out 向外看 小心 13. be made from 由…构成 14. without 没有be made of 由…构成15. learn to do 学习做某事16. at home 在家 at school 在学校 at work 在工作 at last 最后 at present 目前 现在 at first 开始 at least 至少 at once 立即 马上 at breakfast 在早餐时 at night 在晚上 at the age of 在......岁时 at a time 一次 at the beginning of 在......的开始 go to sleep 去睡觉 18. by hand 用手工 19. at a time 一次 20. as a result 因此 21. be used for 被用于...... 22. rather than 而不是23. 现在完成时的被动语态 与情态动词连用的被动语态知识精讲：1. ask a favour 拜托一下 2. would like to do sth. 想要做某事 I’d like to take some photos. 我想要拍些相片。feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 I feel like taking some photos. 我想要拍些相片。 9. lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 She lent the book to me. 她把书借给我。borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借某物 She borrowed the book from me. 她从我这借了一本书。10. see to sb. /sth. 负责如：Will you see to the cats? 请你照顾一下猫好吗？11. on one’s way to +地点 在某人…的路上 但在某人回家的路上不用to 如：I saw Tony on my way home 在我回家的路上看见了托尼.He saw Tony on his way to work. 他在他上班的路上看见了托尼。13. be made from 由…构成 看不出原材料 The paper is made from wood. 这张纸由木制作的。be made of 由…构成 看得出原材料 The desk is made of wood.这桌子由木构成。14. without 没有 介词 后加名词或动名词 without knocking the door 没有敲门。 with 有 介词 后加名词或动名词15. learn to do 学习做某事 We must learn to look after ourselves. 我们必须学会照顾自己。。23.(1)现在完成时的被动语态 主语(动作接受者) + have /has + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者) 被动语态的句型: 1) 肯定句: 主语 + have / has + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 2) 否定句: 主语 + have / has not + 过去分词 + (by ~~). 3) 一般疑问句: Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? 4) 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑词 + have / has + 过去分词 + (by ~~)? eg. 1) The work has been finished 2) The work hasn't been finished. 3) Has the work been finished? 4) When has the work been finished? (2) 含有情态动词的被动语态主语(动作接受者) + 情态动词 + 助动词be + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者)常用的情态动词： can /could, may / might , must shall , should, will / would否定式在情态动词后加 not ，疑问式是将情态动词放于主语之前。eg. 肯定句： A new hospital may be built in our city. 否定句： A new hospital may not be built in our city. 一般疑问句：May a new hospital be built in our city? 特殊疑问句： When may a new hospital be built in our city? Module 5 Museums重点单词：1. free adj. 空闲的，有空的，免费的 2. communication n. 交流 communicate v. 传达3. noise n. 噪音 noisy adj. 吵闹的4. familiar adj. 熟悉的 unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的 5. amaze v. 使人惊讶 amazing adj. 令人惊讶的 amazed adj.惊讶的6. bore v. boring adj. 令人厌烦的 bored adj. 厌烦的7. unusual adj. 不同寻常的 usual adj. 经常的 usually adv. 经常地重要句子：1. No entry . 禁止进入。 2. No photography. 禁止照相3. No shouting / swimming / parking / smoking. 禁止喧哗/游泳/停车/吸烟4. Don’t touch. 不要碰。 5. Come on! 过来 加油！6. Come back! 回来 7. Look at the sign. 看这个标语。8. Hurry up. 快点知识点归纳1. sth. be familiar to sb. 某物对于某人来说很熟悉 2. as well 也3. against the rules 违反规则 4. take a photo 照相 obey the rules 遵守规则 take photos 拍照5. on one's own 某人自己 6. be different from 与...不同7. talk about 谈论 8. work out 设法弄懂，计算出 9. try out 试用，试验 10. fill...with... 把......装满 11. a kind of 一种 12. as...as... 同.....一样 above all 首先 14. drop in 顺便走访 15. from...to... 从...到... 16. go upstairs / downstairs 17. pay attention to 注意 18. do experiments 做实验19. compare…with… …与…做比较 20. make a noise 吵闹21. think about 考虑22. 形容词/副词+enough，enough +名词 足够23. in the whole world = all over the world = around the world 全世界24. 表禁止知识精讲：2. as well “也” 用于肯定句句末，无逗号隔开。 too 用于肯定句句末，有逗号隔开。 either 用于否定句句末。 also 用于肯定句句中。 eg. 1) He speaks English, and he knows French as well. 他说英语，也懂法语。2) Jim likes red. I like red, too. 吉姆喜欢红色，我也喜欢。3) If he doesn't go, I won't either. 如果他不去，我也不去。4) They also agree with me. 他们也同意我的意见。3. 以no 开头的祈使句常用于公共警示语，后接名词或动名词。No shouting! 禁止喧哗！ No smoking! 禁止吸烟。 No photos. 禁止拍照。6 .①be different from 与...不同 China is different from America. 中国与美国不同的。 ②be the same as 与…相同 China is the same as America. 中国与美国一样。7 .①talk about doing sth. / sth. 谈论 They are talking about learning 他们正在谈论学习②talk with sb. == talk to sb. 与某人交谈 Mother often talks with / to Tony. 10. fill...with... 把......装满 I filled the bag with lots of money. 我把袋子装满了钱。17. pay attention to doing sth./ sth. “注意，留心” You must pay attention to taking good care of yourself. 你必须注意好好照顾你自己。19. compare…with… …与…做比较 He likes to compare Class One with Class Five. 他喜欢拿一班与五班做比较。22. 形容词/副词+enough 如：beautiful enough 足够美丽enough +名词 足够 如：enough food 足够食物24. 表禁止(1) 祈使句 通常用来表示命令、请求、劝告或禁止等 ① 肯定句：动词原形 如： Hang on a minute ! 等一下！② 否定句：Don’t + 动词原形 如： Don’t shout. 不要喊叫。(2) No + 动名词 （v.ing） 如： No smoking. 不许吸烟。 No + 名词 如： No photos. 不许照相。(3) You mustn’t + 动词原形 情态动词mustn’t 可表达“禁止”的概念 You mustn’t shout. 你不能吵闹。(4) You can’t + 动词原形 情态动词can’t 可表示“不允许”，可以用来制止某人做某事。 You can’t make any noise. 你不能吵闹。(5) You aren’t allowed to + 动词原形 You aren’t allowed to watch TV. 你不许看电视。 Module 6 Museums重点单词：1. possible adj . 可能的 impossible adj. 不可能的2. enjoy v. 喜爱，享受， 欣赏 enjoyable adj. 快乐的，令人愉快的3. environment n. 环境 environmental adj. 环境的4. communicate v. 交流 communication n . 交流5. comfortable adj. 舒服的 uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的6. care v. 关心 careful adj.认真的，仔细的 carefully adv. 认真地 careless adj. 粗心的 7.healthily adv. 健康地 unhealthily adv. 不健康地health n. 健康 healthy adj. 健康的 unhealthy adj. 不健康的 8. pollute v. 污染 pollution n. 污染 polluted adj. 受污染的9. use v. 使用 reuse v. 再使用 reusable adj. 可重新使用的10. waste n.废品 waste v. 浪费 wasteful 浪费的11. worry n. 担忧 worry v. 担心 worried adj. 担心的12. science n. 科学 scientific adj. 科学的 scientist n. 科学家13. hope v. 希望 hopeful adj. 有希望的 hopeless 渺茫的知识点归纳:1. throw away 扔掉 2. raise money 筹集钱3. turn off 关掉 4. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 turn on 打开 ask sb. not to do sth.叫某不要做某事5. care about 关心 6. protect the air 保护空气 7. waste electricity 浪费电 8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事 9. instead of doing sth. / sth. 10. do harm to sth. 对…造成伤害11. make a difference to sth./sb. 对…很重要 12. it’s 形容词 to do sth. 做某事怎么样13. change…into… 把…变成…14. help sb. to do sth. help sb. do sth. help sb. with sth. help do sth. 15. 前缀、后缀构词法 见课本P179知识精讲：1. throw away 扔掉 如： Don’t throw away the paper. 不要乱扔纸。4. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth. 叫某不要做某事 My father asked me not to watch TV. 我爸爸叫我不要看电视。5. care about 关心 在乎 He cares about his field. 他关心的就是他的田地。8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事 try not to do sth. 尝试不要做某事 We should try not to buy too many things from abroad. 我们应该尝试地不要购买太多国外的东西。9. instead of doing sth. / sth. 代替 用于句中 instead 代替 用于句末 I want to go shopping instead of going swimming. 我想要去购物而不是游泳。 I want to go shopping instead. 我想要去购物。do harm to sth. 对…造成伤害 Tony does harm to our environment. 托尼伤害了我们的环境。make a difference to sth./sb. 对…很重要 It makes a difference to me .它对我很重要。it’s 形容词 to do sth. 对某事怎么样 It’s important to study English. 学习英语很重要。change…into… 把…变成… You can’t change the cat into a tiger. 你不可能把这个只猫变成一只老虎。14 . help sb. to do sth. 如： He helps me to finish the work. 他帮助我完成这项工作。 help sb. do sth. He helps me finish the work. 他帮助我完成这项工作。 help sb. with sth. He helps me with the work. 他帮助我完成这项工作。 help do sth. He helps save the world. 他帮助拯救世界。 Module 7 Australia重点单词：1. south n. 南方 southern adj. 南部的 2. amaze v. 使吃惊 amazing adj. 令人吃惊的 amazed 吃惊的3. sheep n. 绵羊 复数也是 sheep 重点句子：1. What are you up to ? == What are you doing ? 你正在做什么？2. Would you like a hand ? == Can I help you ? 需要帮助吗？3. I bet you do. 我相信你行。知识点归纳:1. do a project 做一个项目 2. have to do sth. 不得不做某事3. have a look 看一看 4. the centre of … …的中心 have a look at sth. 看一看某物5. on our back from + 地方 从某地返回的路上 on one’s way to + 地方 在某人去某地的路上6. by the way 顺便问一声 7. on 关于8. at the moment 此刻 常于现在进行时连用 at that moment 在那一刻 常与过去进行时连用10. be surprised at sth. 对某物感到惊讶的 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是11. be similar to sth. 与某物相似 be the same as sth. 与某物相同9. take a helicopter 乘坐直升机12. in the fields 在田野里 13. on the hills 在山上 14. go on a camel ride 骑骆驼 15. keep doing 一直做某事16. have a bad temper 有个坏脾气 17. as soon as 一…就…18. over there 在那边 19. at once == right now 马上、立刻知识精讲：2. have to do sth. 不得不做某事 如： I have to go home now. 我现在不得不回家。3. have a look 看一看 如： May I have a look ? 我可以看一下吗？ have a look at sth. 看一看某物 如：May I have a look at the computer ? 我可以看下这电脑吗？4. the centre of … …的中心 如： the centre of the city 城市的中心5. on one’s back from + 地方 从某地返回的路上 如：on our back from school 在我们从学校返回的路上on one’s way to + 地方 在某人去某地的路上 如：on our way to school 在我们去学校的路上8. at the moment 此刻 常于现在进行时连用 如： I am singing at the moment. 我此刻在唱歌。 at that moment 在那一刻 常与过去进行时连用 如： I was singing at that moment. 在那一刻我在唱歌。10. be surprised at sth. 对某物感到惊讶的 如： I am surprised at the car. 我对这辆小车感到惊讶to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 如： To my surprise, I saw him yesterday. 令我惊讶的是我昨天看见他了。15. keep doing 一直做某事如: I keeping smiling in the morning. 早上我一直微笑着 Module 8 Photos重点单词：1. early adj. / adv. 早的， 早早地 2. win v. 成功 winner n. 胜利者3. perfect adj. 完美的 perfectly adv. 完美地4. success n. 成功 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地5. luck n . 幸运 lucky adj. 幸运的 luckily adv. 幸运地6. usual adj. 平常的 unusual adj. 不平常的 usually 通常地重点句子：1. You bet !当然啦！2. How did you get on ? 你进展如何了？3. It’s gone. 它消失了。4. You’re kidding. 你在开玩笑吧！5. Congratulations to you ! 祝贺你！6. Good luck to you ! 祝你好运！知识点归纳:1. at the back 在后面 2. at the front 在前面3. play the guitar / drums 弹钢琴、击鼓 4. on the left / right 在左边、在右边5. go upstairs / downstairs 上楼、下楼 6. maybe == perhaps 也许8. in with a chance 有机会 9. expect to do sth. 期盼做某事10. pick up 捡起, 接 11. look after == take care of 照顾12. try out 尝试 试验 13. be pleased with sth. 对某物满意14. compare with sth./ sb. 与某物某人作比较 15. find out 找出16. fifteen-year-old 15岁的 17. take photos 照相18. far from 远离， close to 靠近 19. manage to do sth. 设法某事20. thanks to 多亏了 21. talk about 谈论22. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人23. at the end of ……结尾 at the beginning of ……开始知识精讲：1. at the back 在后面 如： He Zhong is at the back. 何忠在后面。2. at the front 在前面 如： He Zhong is at the front. 何忠在前面。4. on the left / right 在左边、在右边 如： I am on the left. 我在左边。9. expect to do sth. 期盼做某事 如： He expects to go to Beijing. 他期盼去北京。10. pick up 捡起, 接 如： I picked up the book. 我捡起了这本书。 My father picked me up at the airport. 我爸爸在机场接我。be pleased with sth. 对某物满意 如：I pleased with my grades. 我对我自己的成绩感到满意。fifteen-year-old 15岁的 后加名词 如： I am fifteen-year-old girl. 我是一个15岁的女孩。manage to do sth. 设法某事 如： I will manage to finish the work. 我将会设法完成这项工作。agree to do sth. 同意做某事 如：I agree to play football. 我同意踢足球。 agree with sb. 同意某人 如： I agree with you. 我同意你的。 Module 9 Cartoon stories重点单词：1. new adj. 新的 news n. 新闻、消息2. love v. 爱 lovable adj. 可爱的3. cartoon n. 卡通 cartoonist n.卡通画家4. create v . 创造 creator n. 创造者重点句子：1. But it’s no laughing matter. 这不是什么可笑的事情。2. That’s a good news. 那是一个好消息。3. Here you are. 给你。知识点归纳:1. be like 好像 2. make sb. + 动词原形 / 形容词3. have a word with sb.和某人说几句话 4. speak to sb. 对某人说话5. in trouble 麻烦中 in deep trouble 大麻烦中6. win the hearts of sb. 赢得某人的心 7. make a mess 制造混乱8. play jokes 开玩笑 9. fall in love with sb. 爱上某人10. over there 在那边 11. need to do sth.需要做某事12. hold birthday parties = have birthday parties 举行生日晚会知识精讲：1. be like 好像 如： This is like a cartoon story . 这好像一个漫画故事。2. make sb. + 动词原形 / 形容词 如： This makes me leave. 这使我离开了。3. have a word with sb.和某人说几句话 如：I must have a word with mother.5. in trouble 麻烦中 如：I am in trouble. 我遇到麻烦了。 in deep trouble 大麻烦中 如： I am in deep trouble. 我遇到大麻烦了。6. win the hearts of sb. 赢得某人的心 如：She wins the hearts of the young people. 她赢得年轻人的心。7. make a mess 制造混乱 如： The children often make a mess at home.孩子们经常在家里制造混乱。8. play jokes 开玩笑 如：Don’t play jokes. 不要开玩笑了。 kid n. 小孩 v. 取笑 如： You’re kidding. 你在开玩笑。 Module 10 Fitness重点单词：1. train n. 火车 v. 训练 trainer n. 教练2. likely adj. 可能地 unlikely adv. 不可能地3. health n. 健康 healthy adj. 健康的 healthily adv. 健康地4. luck n. 运气 lucky adj. 幸运的 luckily adv. 幸运地5. cook v. 煮 n. 厨师 cooker n. 厨具 cooking n.烹饪6. taste v. 尝起来 tasty adj. 美味的重点句子：1. Good luck. 祝你好运2. Don’t give up . 不要放弃。3. Don’t talk to me about that! 不要对我说那。知识点归纳:1. a bit 一点 2. give up sth. / doing sth.放弃做某事3. take exercises == do sports 做运动 4. go running 去跑步5. do weight training 做举重训练 6. talk to sb. == talk with sb. 与某人交谈7. talk about 谈论 8. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事9. bump into sb. 碰到某人 10. want to do sth. 想要做某事11. be bad for sth. 对某物有坏处的 12. 形/副+ enough , enough + 名词13. persuade sb. to do sth. 劝说某人做某事14. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事15. stay fit == stay healty== keep fit == keep healthy 保持健康16. had better do sth. 最好做某事 ，had better not do sth. 知识精讲：1. a bit 一点 如：You are a bit nervous. 你有一点紧张。2. give up sth. / doing sth.放弃做某事 如：Don’t give up me. 不要放弃我。 My father gave up smoking. 我爸爸放弃了吸烟。6. talk to sb. == talk with sb. 与某人交谈 如：I often talk to my teacher ==I often talk with my teacher. 我经常与我老师交谈。refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 如：My father refused to go to Beijing.我爸爸拒绝去北京。bump into sb. 碰到某人 如：He bumped into his good friend. 他碰到他的最好朋友。12. 形/副+ enough , enough + 名词 如：beautiful enough 足够漂亮的，enough food足够食物13. persuade sb. to do sth. 劝说某人做某事 如： My mother persuaded me to study hard. 我妈妈劝说我努力学习。14. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 如： My mother encouraged me to study hard. 我妈妈鼓励我努力学习。had better do sth. 最好做某事 如： You’d better speak English. 你最好说英语had better not do sth. 如： You’ d better not speak English. 你最好不要说英语Module 11 Population重点单词：1. crowd v. 拥挤 n . 群众 crowded adj. 拥挤的2. noise n. 噪音 noisy adj. 吵闹的3. success n. 成功 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 unsuccessful adj. 不成功的 unsuccessfully adv. 成功地police n .警察 复数也是police 重点句子：1. How about this ? 这个怎么样？2. No idea ! 不知道！3. I don’t believe it ! 我不相信知识点归纳:1. too many+可数名词 ，too much+ 不可数名词 太多2. along with 与…一起 3. look up 查找 4. the population of……的人口 5. add to 添加6. move to +地方 搬到某地 7. in the distance 在远处8. close to = near 靠近 介词9. begin to do sth.== begin doing sth. == start to do sth. == start doing sth.10. be worried about sb./sth. == worry about sb./sth. 担心某人或某物知识精讲：1. too many+可数名词 太多 如： too many apples 太多苹果too much+ 不可数名词 太多 如： too much pollution 太多污染3. look up 查找 如： I am looking the new word up in the dictionary. 我正在字典里查找这个单词。4. the population of……的人口 如：the population of Beijing 北京的人口8. close to = near 靠近 介词 如：I live close to school.我住在学校附近。10. be worried about sb./sth. 如：Don’t be worried about me .不要担心我。== worry about sb./sth. 担心某人或某物 Don’t worry about me . Module 12 Summer in LA重点单词：1. experience n.经验 experienced adj. 经验丰富的2. week n. 周，星期 weekly adj. 每周的重点句子：1. Welcome to …欢迎来到…2. Please give a warm welcome to …对…表示热烈地欢迎知识点归纳:1. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 == have a good time 2. at the same time 同时3. at the beginning of ……的开始4. at the end of……的结尾5. make progress 取得进步6.have meals 吃饭7. take place 发生8. places of interest 名胜古迹9. check in 检查10. pick up 捡起 , 接11. take off 起飞， 脱下
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