英语Unit 3 The internet学案

这是一份英语Unit 3 The internet学案，共7页。

I. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Yu can use my cmputer t type the reprt because it ________ (repair) already.
2. It ________ (prve) already that what he said the ther day is true.
3. Every pssible means ________ (use) t prevent the air pllutin, but the sky is still nt clear.
4. ________ this bridge ________ (finish) yet？
5. These flwers ________ (water), s yu can g hme.
Ⅱ. 把下列句子变成被动语态
1. They have put the cmputer int a rbt.
→ _______________________________________________________________
2. He has given the child sme interesting bks.
→ _______________________________________________________________
3. They have discussed the prblem fr nearly tw weeks.
→ _______________________________________________________________
4. Wh has Mary invited t her birthday?
→ _______________________________________________________________
课中导学区
单元语法
Task现在完成时的被动语态
自主探究
观察下面两组句子，体会现在完成时的被动语态的用法。
Grup A
We have finished the hmewrk. 我们已经完成了家庭作业。
Many visitrs have visited the Great Wall. 许多游客参观过长城。
Mike has seen tw films since last mnth. 从上个月以来，迈克已经看了两部电影。
The Russian gvernment has turned these palaces int museums. 俄罗斯政府已经把这些宫殿变成了博物馆。
Grup B
The hmewrk has been finished by us. 家庭作业已经被我们完成了。
The Great Wall has been visited by many visitrs. 长城被许多游客参观过。
Tw films have been seen by Mike since last mnth. 从上个月以来，两部电影被迈克看过了。
These palaces have been turned int museums by the Russian gvernment. 这些宫殿已经被俄罗斯政府变成了博物馆。
探究发现
通过观察以上句子，我们发现这两组句子都使用了现在完成时态，其中A组句子强调动作的执行者，是（1） ________ 语态，结构为“（2） ________ +过去分词”；B组句子强调动作的承受者，是（3） ________ 语态，结构为“（4） ________ +过去分词”。现在完成时的被动语态表示被动的动作在说话以前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
基础盘点
现在完成时的被动语态的结构
l. 肯定句：主语+have/has+been+过去分词+其他
The streets are clear, and many hmes have been rebuilt. 街道是整洁的，许多房屋已经被重建。
The bks have been brrwed by the teacher. 这些书已经被这位老师借走了。
S far the nvel has been translated int five languages. 到目前为止，这部小说已被翻译成五种语言（版本）。
2. 否定句：主语+have/has+nt+been+过去分词+其他
The bike hasn’t been repaired yet. 这辆自行车还没有被修理。
She hasn’t been heard frm since then. 从那时起，她就没来过信。
3. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+过去分词+其他
-Have these clthes been washed? 这些衣服洗过了吗？
-Yes, they have. 是的，洗过了。
-Has ur dinner been cked? 我们的晚餐做好了吗？
-N, it hasn’t. 不，还没有。
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been+过去分词+其他
Hw lng has yur cmputer been used? 你的电脑用了多久了？
Hw many new wrds I have been learned by the students? 这些学生已经学会了多少新单词？
名师点拨
使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
●注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。
The huse was built last year. 这房子是去年建造的。（侧重动作发生在过去）The huse has been built. 这房子已经建好了。（侧重现在有房子供使用）
●副词的位置
ften、usually、always、never、hardly、seldm等副词置于have/has和been中间。
[误] Such a man has been hardly believed.
[正] Such a man has hardly been believed.
●并不是所有动词都有被动语态。happen、take place、break ut、belng t、cst、last等不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态。
[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
●pen、break、drp等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。
[误] The dr has been pened f itself.
[正] The dr has pened f itself.
●动词短语的现在完成时的被动语态中，不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。
[误] The patients have been taken gd care.
[正] The patients have been taken gd care f.
变式训练
单句填空
(1) A great number f survivrs ________ (rescue) by the sldiers in that area where the earthquake happened since yesterday.
(2) These tpics ________ (talk) abut fr a lng time.
(3) —Why nt g int the classrm?
—The dr ________ (lck).
(4) his new nvel ________ (translate) int French recently?
(5) The sprts meet f ur schl ________ (put) ff because f bad weather.
衔接写作
用被动语态改写下列句子
(1) They have finished the cnstructin f the new railway lines by nw.
____________________________________________________________________
(2) We have built a new library and a gymnasium in ur schl this year.
____________________________________________________________________
(3) The car factry has prduced a great many fine cars since the technlgical revlutin.
____________________________________________________________________
(4) They have made a plan t help the pr children in the pr area.
____________________________________________________________________
(5) The gvernment has spent a lt f mney n the Hpe Prject.
____________________________________________________________________
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 用所给词的正确形式填空
l. Fire extinguishers（灭火器）are lcated n each flr and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher nly if yu ______ (train) t d s.
2. Mre than 100 famus films ______ (shw) in the city since July.
3. Up t nw, n cnclusin（结论） ______ (reach) abut wh the first prize shuld g t.
4. Hw many cars ______ (build) in the factry since 1990?
5. Three new schls ______ (pen) in ur city in the past five years.
6. It’s the first time that the ld cmputer ______ (check) since I bught it.
7. Great changes ______ (take) place in my hmetwn and yu can see that a lt f factries ______ (set) up.
Ⅱ. 用被动语态改写下列句子
1. The vlunteers have planted thusands f trees alng the river in the past few days.
→ Thusands f trees alng the river by the vlunteers in the past few days.
2. Scientists have made a new rbt which can walk and talk like humans.
→ A new rbt which can walk and talk like humans by scientists.
3. Dn’t wrry. The dctrs have already perated n the injured by.
→ Dn’t wrry. The injured by already by the dctrs.
4. They lk very happy because they have slved the difficult prblems.
→ They lk very happy because the difficult prblems by them.
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
In ur cmmunity, there is a large activity rm. Fr the past few years, ur cmmunity 1. （举行了10多场会议）there. Since20l8，five cmputers2. （已被安装）there fr the residents. Tday, the residents’ lives 3. （被大大地改变了）by these cmputers, because sme residents 4. （被教）t use the Internet. Al thugh they 5. （没有买）any gds nline, their cnfidence 6. （被激起）by these things. Wh can guess what their future life will be like?
参考答案
课前预学区
I. 1. has been repaired2. has been prved3. has been used
4. Has；been finished5. have been watered
II. 1. The cmputer has been put int a rbt by them.
2. The child has been given sme interesting bks by him. Sme interesting bks have been given t the child by him.
3. The prblem has been discussed fr nearly tw weeks by them.
4. Wh has been invited t Mary’s birthday?
课中导学区
Task
探究发现 (1) 主动(2) have/has(3) 被动
(4) have has been
变式训练 (l) have been rescued(2) have been talked
(3) has been lcked(4) Has；been translated
(5) has been put
衔接写作 (l) The cnstructin f the new railway lines has been finished by them by nw.
(2) A new library and a gymnasium have been built in ur schl by us this year.
(3) A great many fine cars have been prduced by the car factry since the technlgical revlutin.
(4) A plan t help the pr children in the pr area has been made by them.
(5) A lt f mney has been spent n the Hpe Prject by the gvernment.
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 1. have been trained2. have been shwn
3. has been reached4. have been built
5. have been pened6. has been checked
7. have taken；have been set
II. 1. have been planted2. has been made
3. has；been perated n4. have been slved
Ⅲ. 1. has hsted mre than ten meetings2. have been fixed
3. have been greatly changed4. have been taught
5. haven’t bught6. has been inspired