考点2 阅读理解 人物类—五年（2020—2024年）高考英语真题专项分类汇编(含答案)

这是一份考点2 阅读理解 人物类—五年（2020—2024年）高考英语真题专项分类汇编(含答案)，共12页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
"I am nt crazy," says Dr. William Farber, shrtly after perfrming acupuncture(针灸) n a rabbit. "I am ahead f my time." If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds. But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh. He's ne f a small but grwing number f American veterinarians(兽医) nw practicing "hlistic" medicine—cmbining traditinal Western treatments with acupuncture, chirpractic(按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate f Clrad State University, started ut as a mre cnventinal veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ag when he suffered frm terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but fund little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients. S, after studying the techniques fr a cuple f years, he began ffering them t pets.
Leigh Tindale's dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dg's suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, "mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably" after a chirpractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. "Smetimes it surprises me that it wrks s well," he says. "I will d anything t help an animal. That's my jb."
1．What d sme f Farber's cwrkers think f him?
A. He's dd.B. He's strict.C. He's brave.D. He's rude.
2．Why did Farber decide t try acupuncture n pets?
A. He was trained in it at university.
B. He was inspired by anther veterinarian.
C. He benefited frm it as a patient.
D. He wanted t save mney fr pet wners.
3．What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Steps f a chirpractic treatment.B. The cmplexity f veterinarians' wrk.
C. Examples f rare animal diseases.D. The effectiveness f hlistic medicine.
4．Why des the authr mentin the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin?
A. T prve Farber's pint.B. T emphasize its imprtance.
C. T praise veterinarians.D. T advcate animal prtectin.
Jennifer Mauer has needed mre willpwer than the typical cllege student t pursue her gal f earning a nursing degree. That willpwer bre fruit when Jennifer graduated frm University f Wiscnsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family t earn a bachelr's degree.
Mauer, f Edgar, Wiscnsin, grew up n a farm in a family f 10 children. Her dad wrked at a jb away frm the farm, and her mther ran the farm with the kids. After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin(学费), because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin. After graduatin, she wrked t help her sisters and brthers pay fr their schling.
Jennifer nw is married and has three children f her wn. She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding smething she lves: nursing. She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids. Jennifer received great supprt frm her family as she wrked t earn her degree: Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills, and her 68-year-ld mther helped take care f the children at times.
Thrugh it all, she remained in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study. "Sme nights my heart was breaking t have t pick between my kids and studying fr exams r papers," she says. Hwever her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family—and that's pretty pwerful.
5．What did Jennifer d after high schl?
A.She helped her dad with his wrk.B.She ran the family farm n her wn.
C.She supprted herself thrugh cllege.D.She taught her sisters and brthers at hme.
6．Why did Jennifer chse the prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield?
A.T take care f her kids easily.B.T learn frm the best nurses.
C.T save mney fr her parents.D.T find a well-paid jb there.
7．What did Jennifer sacrifice t achieve her gal?
A.Her health.B.Her time with family.
C.Her reputatin.D.Her chance f prmtin.
8．What can we learn frm Jennifer's stry?
A.Time is mney.B.Lve breaks dwn barriers.
C.Hard wrk pays ff.D.Educatin is the key t success.
By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare time thugh he ges n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva—nt as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm nt a trained musician, but I've learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance."
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup's fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn't have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
"A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn't turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt," Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f "ndding" t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. "I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand," Mr Tittertn said. "Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back."
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
"My husband is the wrst page turner," she laughed. "He's interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: 'Turn, turn!' Rbert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life."
9．What shuld Tittertn be able t d t be a page turner?
A.Read music.B.Play the pian.
C.Sing sngs.D.Fix the instruments.
10．Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn's jb n stage?
A.Bring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding.D.Dangerus.
11．What des Tittertn need t practise?
A.Cunting the pages.B.Recgnizing the "ndding".
C.Catching falling bjects.D.Perfrming in his wn style.
12．Why is Ms Rasppva's husband "the wrst page turner"?
A.He has very pr eyesight.B.He ignres the audience.
C.He has n interest in music.D.He frgets t d his jb.
A British wman wh wn a S1 millin prize after she was named the Wrld's Best Teacher will use the cash t bring inspiratinal figures int UK schls.
Andria Zafiraku, a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin(变革). "We are ging t make a change," she said. "I've started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls."
The prject results frm the difficulties many schls have in getting artists f any srt whether an up-and-cming lcal musician r a majr mvie star int schls t wrk with and inspire children.
Zafiraku began the prject at Alpertn Cmmunity Schl, her place f wrk fr the past twelve years. "I've seen thse magic mments when children are talking t smene they are inspired by their eyes are shining and their faces light up," she said. "We need artists, mre than ever in ur schls."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: "Andria's brilliant prject t bring artists frm all fields int direct cntact with children is particularly welcme at a time when the arts are being dwngraded in schls." It was a mistake t see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Histrian Sir Simn Schama is als a supprter f the prject. He said that arts educatin in schls was nt just an add-n. "It is abslutely necessary. The future depends n creativity and creativity depends n the yung. What will remain f us when artificial intelligence takes ver will be ur creativity, and it is ur creative spirit, ur visinary sense f freshness, that has been ur strength fr centuries."
13．What will Zafiraku d with her prize mney?
A.Make a mvie.B.Build new schls.
C.Run a prject.D.Help lcal musicians.
14．What des Craig-Martin think f the teaching f the arts in UK schls?
A.It is particularly difficult.B.It increases artists' incme.
C.It pens children's mind.D.It deserves greater attentin.
15．What shuld be stressed in schl educatin accrding t Schama?
A.Mral principles.B.Interpersnal skills.
C.Creative abilities.D.Psitive wrldviews.
16．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A.Bring Artists t SchlsB.When Histrians Meet Artists
C.Arts Educatin in BritainD.The Wrld's Best Arts Teacher
In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind. A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers.
This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral (葬礼) fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stmach. As the authr explains, this is neither a travel nr a histry bk, r even a piece f reprtage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid descriptin f the purest f Central Asian traditins.
17．What made Mr Bissell return t Uzbekistan?
A.His friends' invitatin.B.His interest in the cuntry.
C.His lve fr teaching.D.His desire t regain health.
18．What des the underlined wrd "that" in paragraph 2 refer t?
A.Develping a serius mental disease.B.Taking a guided tur in Central Asia.
C.Wrking as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.D.Writing an article abut the Aral Sea.
19．Which f the fllwing best describes Mr Bissell's rad trip in Uzbekistan?
A.Rmantic.B.Eventful.C.Pleasant.D.Dangerus.
20．What is the purpse f this text?
A.T intrduce a bk.B.T explain a cultural phenmenn.
C.T remember a writer.D.T recmmend a travel destinatin.
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
21．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was fnd f traveling.B. He enjyed being alne.
C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He lnged t be a dctr.
22．Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A. T feed the animals.B. T build an ecsystem.
C. T prtect the plants.D. T test the ec-machine.
23．What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn’s research plans.B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D. T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
24．What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water t survive.
C. Life n Earth is diverse.D. Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
参考答案
1．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"'I am nt crazy,' says Dr. William Farber, shrtly after perfrming acupuncture(针灸) n a rabbit. 'I am ahead f my time.' If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds."可知，Farber的一些同事认为他很奇怪。故选A。
2．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ag when he suffered frm terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but fund little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients."可知，Farber自己作为病人从针灸治疗中获得了益处，所以决定把这种治疗方法应用到宠物身上。故选C。
3．答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要介绍了整体医学的有效性。故选D。
4．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700."可知，美国整体兽医学会的会员持续增加，证明Farber的观点是对的。故选A。
5．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin可知, 珍妮弗高中毕业后自己打工挣钱交学费, 故选C项。
6．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids.可知, 珍妮弗选择这所学校的课程是为了方便在上学的同时照顾自己的孩子, 故选A项。
7．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Jennifer sacrificed t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study.可知, 珍妮弗为了实现自己的目标, 牺牲了许多与孩子待在一起的夜晚, 也错过了很多重要的活动, 故选B项。
8．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知, 本文主要讲述了主人公通过自己的努力完成学业, 最终获得成功的故事, 强调了她坚持不懈、努力拼搏的精神, C项(努力终将得到回报)符合文章主旨, 故选C项。
9．答案：A
解析：理解具体信息根据第一段中的"I'm nt a trained musician, but I've learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance"可知,Rbert Titterman识乐谱,这使得他可以做好翻乐谱的工作,故A项正确。
10．答案：C
解析：推断根据第三段中的"A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn't turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt"和第四段中的"Being a page turner requires plenty f practice"可以推断,Titterman在舞台上的工作要求颇高,故C项正确。
11．答案：B
解析：理解具体信息根据第四段中的"Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f 'ndding' t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner"可知,Titterman需要在领会钢琴师的"点头示意"上多加练习,故B项正确。
12．答案：D
解析：理解具体信息根据最后一段中的"He's absrbed in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: 'Turn, turn'!"可知,Rasppva 女士的丈夫沉浸在音乐中以至于忘了自己的本职工作,所以Rasppva女士称其为"最糟糕的翻乐谱工作者",故D项正确。
13．答案：C
解析：理解具体信息。根据第一段中的"use the cash t bring inspiratinal figures int UK schls"和第二段中的"I've started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls"可知,Zafiraku用她的奖金开展了一个把艺术人士引进校园的项目。故C项正确。
14．答案：D
解析：推断。根据第五段尾句可知, Craig-Martin认为,把艺术当作不必要的课程是错误的。也就是说他认为艺术教育应该得到更多的关注。故D项正确。
15．答案：C
解析：理解具体信息。根据第六段中的"The future depends n centuries"可知,他认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故C项正确。
16．答案：A
解析：理解文章主旨要义。本文主要讲述一位英国女教师把获得的奖金用于开展把艺术人士引进校园的项目,以推动学校艺术教育发展。故A项正确。
17．答案：B
解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段第三句中的"still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan"可知,出于对乌兹别克斯坦这个国家的兴趣,他回到了这里,故B项符合题意。
18．答案：D
解析：考查代词指代。根据第一段第三句中的"still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea"可知,Tm回到乌兹别克斯坦的目的本来是写一篇关于咸海是如何消失的文章。画线词"that"指代上文中提到的"写文章"这件事。
19．答案：B
解析：考查推理判断。根据文章第三段尤其是第一句中的"made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety"可知,Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦的旅行充满了变故。eventful意为"充满大事的,多变故的",符合文意。A项在文中没有体现,C项与D项表述片面,故选B。
20．答案：A
解析：考查写作意图。文章开头引出Tm Bissell写书的背景,从第二段到最后一段分别介绍了这本书的概要、主要内容和对这本书的评价,即全文围绕着这本书展开,目的就是向读者推荐这本书,所以选A项。
21．答案：C
解析：理解具体信息。根据第一段中的"bserving hw nature slved prblems"和"When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making"和第二段中的"Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins"以及第二段中的两个问题可以看出,Jhn是一个喜欢刨根问底、喜欢探索的人,故C项正确。lng t d sth."渴望做某事"。A选项的意思是"他喜欢旅行",短文未提及,第一段只提到他小时候喜欢探察他家附近的树林;B选项的意思是"他喜欢独自待着",短文也未提及;D选项的意思是"他渴望成为医生",虽然第二段提及Jhn在大学期间学习过医学方面的课程,但未提供足够信息让我们能够断定他渴望成为医生。因此A、B和D选项都不正确。
22．答案：D
解析：推断。根据第三段中的"The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge(污泥) them in the tanks"可知,Jhn修建水箱是为了清理污泥中的有害物质,为此,他在水箱里放了一些动植物。第四段中的"all that was left was pure water"表明了将污泥放入水箱之后的变化。据此可以推断,Jhn在水箱里放人污泥是为了检验他的生态机器的效果,故D项正确。虽然A和B选项的相关内容都在第三段有所提及,但它们只是生态机工作过程中会涉及的环节,不是放入污泥的目的,放入污泥不是"为了给动物喂食"或"为了建立一个生态系统",故两个选项都不正确。C选项的意思是"为了保护植物",短文未提及相关信息,所以不正确。
23．答案：B
解析：推断。上文讲到了Jhn的发明成功了,根据第五段的中心句"Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs"可知,多年来,Jhn做了很多重大的工作。本段提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明Jhn的发明及其理念在实践中的应用,故B项正确。A"为了回顾Jhn的研究计划";B"为了展示Jhn的理念的实际应用";C"为了比较Jhn的不同工作";D"为了消除对Jhn的发明的怀疑"。
24．答案：A
解析：推断。本文主要围绕Jhn的疑问"A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making"展开,即一条肮脏的溪流在穿过植物和流过微生物居住的岩石后,往往会变得清澈,这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的脏乱呢?正是在这个疑问的指引下,Jhn 发明了"生态设计",因此,Jhn 发明的根源就在于自然的自我修复能力,且最后一段中的"Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair"也印证了Jhn的工作依据就在于"自我修复"这一理念,故A项正确。B选项(有机物需要水才能生存)、C选项(地球上的生命具有多样性)和D选项(大部分微小生物的生活方式是群居)从常识判断是正确的陈述,但都不是Jhn 工作的基础,故皆不正确。