北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析）

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第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Rb made ends meet fr his family as a handyman, ding dd jbs (零工) arund the area. But thse dd jbs quickly dried up due t a financial crisis. Then he lst his apartment. This ___1___ his family int renting a mtel rm.
“We have t pay rent every day, and I’m running ___2___ n mney,” Rb said. S, the ___3___ handyman tk t the streets with a sign that read: “Handyman, 25 years exp., Need wrk.” Rb wasn’t asking fr mney r lking fr a handut but rather fr an pprtunity t earn his ___4___.
Rb std n the side f the highway hlding his sign fr a week. The temperatures were scrching (灼热的) but he ___5___ the ht sun each day in the hpes f finding wrk. Smene tk a pht f him and ___6___ it n scial media! Kyle, the wner f Greenstar Hme Remdeling, saw Rb’s pht nline. And he ffered the handyman a chance t help him get back n his feet.
Kyle brught Rb n t help with sme demlitin (拆除的) wrk. Rb didn’t even ask hw much the jb paid. He just shwed up. “I ___7___ ut as a painter, and then I became a landscaper—rfing—whatever culd make mney at,” the handyman explained.
Rb ___8___ intends t put his all int wrking fr Kyle fr as lng as Kyle has jbs fr him. And after seeing Rb’s dedicatin and ___9___, Kyle is willing t d all he can t help the man build a brighter future.
Smetimes all smene needs is t be given a ____10____.
1. A. fledB. frcedC. frightenedD. persuaded
2. A. deepB. freeC. hardD. shrt
3. A. carelessB. aimlessC. unwillingD. unemplyed
4. A. fameB. timeC. livingD. place
5. A. bravedB. escapedC. expectedD. enjyed
6. A. leakedB. checkedC. sharedD. clicked
7. A. reachedB. startedC. drppedD. hung
8. A. fullyB. hardlyC. pssiblyD. casually
9. A. driveB. curisityC. creativityD. interest
10. A. lessnB. chiceC. challengeD. chance
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了罗伯因经济危机而失去了房子和公寓，于是他只好在街上举着牌子找工作，寻找谋生的机会，最后雇主凯尔看到罗伯如此有干劲和懂得奉献，于是尽力帮助他。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这迫使他的家人租了一个汽车旅馆房间。A. fled愚弄；干傻事；B. frced强迫；用力推；C. frightened 使害怕；D. persuaded劝说。根据前文“But thse dd jbs quickly dried up due t a financial crisis. Then he lst his apartment.(但由于金融危机，这些零工很快就枯竭了。然后他失去了他的公寓)”可知罗伯家由于经济危机失去了他们的公寓，这迫使他们租住在汽车旅馆里。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们每天都要付房租，我的钱快用完了，”罗伯说。A. deep深的；B. free自由的；免费的；C. hard困难的；硬的；D. shrt短的；矮的。根据前文“But thse dd jbs quickly dried up due t a financial crisis.(但由于金融危机，这些零工很快就枯竭了)”可知罗伯失去工作又遇上经济危机，由此可推知他的钱快用完了。run shrt是一个人固定短语，意为：用完。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是，这位失业的杂工走上街头，举着一个牌子，上面写着：“杂工，25年经验，需要工作。”。A. careless粗心的；B. aimless没有目标的；C. unwilling不愿意的；D. unemplyed未被雇用的，失业的。根据前文“But thse dd jbs quickly dried up due t a financial crisis.(但由于金融危机，这些零工很快就枯竭了)”可知罗伯失去了工作，处于失业状态。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：罗伯不是要钱，也不是要别人施舍，而是要一个谋生的机会。A. fame名誉，名气；B. time时间；C. living生计，收入；生活方式；D. place地方。根据前文罗伯失业，钱快用完的细节可以推知他目前只是想谋生。earn ne’s living谋生。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然气温越来越高，但他每天都勇敢冒着烈日，希望能找到工作。A. braved勇敢面对；（使）显眼；B. escaped逃离；C. expected 期望；D. enjyed享受。根据前文“The temperatures were screhing (灼热的)”可知罗伯每天勇敢冒着烈日，期待找到工作。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人拍了他的照片并在社交媒体上分享了! A. leaked渗入，漏出；B. checked 检查，核对；C. shared分享；D. clicked（用鼠标）点击；发出咔嗒声。根据下文“it n scial media!”可知是将照片分享在网上。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我一开始是一个画匠，然后我成为了一个庭院设计师——屋顶设计师——任何能赚钱的行业，”勤杂工解释说。A. reached到达；B. started开始；C. drpped掉下；D. hung悬挂。根据下文“ut as a painter, and then I became a landscaper—rfing—whatever culd make mney at”可知此处指罗伯最开始当过画匠来谋生。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：只要凯尔还有工作给他，罗伯就会全力以赴为他工作。A. fully充分地，完全地，彻底地；B. hardly几乎不；C. pssibly可能地；D. casually随意地，漫不经心地；临时地；偶然地。根据下文“put his all int wrking fr Kyle fr as lng as Kyle has jbs fr him”可知罗伯只要有工作就会全力以赴去做。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在看到罗布的奉献和干劲后，凯尔愿意尽他所能帮助这个男人建立一个更光明的未来。A. drive干劲；B. curisity好奇心；C. creativity创造力；D. interest兴趣；利息。空格处与前文的“dedicatin”并列，由此可推知此处指罗伯的奉献和干劲让凯尔愿意帮助他。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候一个人需要的只是一个机会。 A. lessn课；教训；B. chice选择；C. challenge挑战；D. chance机会。根据前文“Kyle is willing t d all he can t help the man build a brighter future.”可知凯尔愿意帮助罗伯，让他有了创造美好未来的机会。由此可知有时候一个人需要的只是一个机会。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
At 8, I started taking art lessns t imprve my painting skills. Hwever, later, I fund that I _________11_________ (fcus) t much n mastering different techniques. Eventually, I became mre distressed when my ________12________ (expect) weren’t matched.
S, in the 11th Grade, I returned t the basics. On a sketchbk I frced myself t draw whatever interested me. Over time, I ______13______ (release) frm the tight cntrl. I have learned that a gd painting is nt abut having perfect technique. In fact, all I need t d is t trust my creative talents and find mments f jy in life.
【答案】11. fcused##had fcused
12. expectatins
13. have been released
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习绘画的过程，通过该过程作者领悟到好的画作不在于技巧的完美，而在于信任自己的创造力，并在生活中寻找快乐的瞬间。
【11题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：然而，后来我发现我过于专注于掌握不同的技术。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的fund可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时，用fund，同时也可以表示动作发生在fund之前，使用过去完成时，填had fcused。故填fcused或者had fcused。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：最终，当我的期望没有达到时，我变得更加痛苦。设空处使用expect的名词expectatin作主语，结合“weren’t”可知，此处表示复数意义。故填expectatins。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：随着时间的推移，我已经从严密的控制中解脱出来。句中ver time为现在完成时时间标志，同时I和release之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have been released。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Yu never get a secnd chance t make a first impressin, ______14______ may sund like an unusual piece f advice, but it is true. S hw d yu make a gd first impressin? The mst imprtant tl is yur face. Smiling, being respnsive, and lking like yu are happy almst always leave a psitive impressin ________15________ peple. Furthermre, being in a psitive md _____16_____ (help) yu t get a better understanding f new things. This means that yu can pssibly be mre friendly t peple yu d nt knw and be mre creative and able t slve prblems mre quickly.
【答案】14. which
15. n 16. helps
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何才能给别人留下良好的第一印象。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：你永远不会有第二次机会给人留下第一印象，这听起来像是一条不寻常的建议，但这是真的。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为逗号前整个句子，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【15题详解】
考查介词。句意：保持微笑，待人热情，还有看起来很开心，这些几乎总是会给人留下积极向上的印象。此处为固定短语 leave a psitive impressin n 意为“给……留下积极的印象符合句意impressin，应用介词n。故填n。
【16题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，积极的情绪有助于你更好地理解新事物。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填helps。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Why is it s imprtant t discuss and find slutins ____17____ fd lss and waste? First, at cnsumer level, almst ne-third f the ttal fd ____18____（prduce）glbally is lst r wasted every year. Secnd, the impact f such lss is frightening, fd lss and waste ate respnsible fr abut six t eight percent f sill greenhuse gas emissins. Furthermre, reducing fd lss and waste is nt just an envirnmental cncern — it is als a mral imperative（必要）. Fd lss and waste have a significant ftprint n ____19____（nature）resurces. Thus it is critical ____20____（achieve）sustainable fd systems.
【答案】17. t 18. prduced
19. natural
20. t achieve
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了减少世界粮食浪费的重要性。
【17题详解】
考查介词。句意：为什么讨论和寻找解决食物损失和浪费的解决方案如此重要？the slutin t sth.“……的解决办法”，是固定短语，故填t。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，在消费者层面，每年几乎全球生产的食物总量的三分之一被损失或浪费。分析句子可知，prduce在句中用非谓语动词作定语，与逻辑主语almst ne-third f the ttal fd是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填prduced。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：食物的损失和浪费对自然资源造成了重大影响。修饰名词用形容词作定语，故填natural。
【20题详解】
考查不定式。句意：因此，实现可持续的粮食系统至关重要。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，故“__4____（achieve）sustainable fd systems”是真正的主语，用不定式作真正的主语，故填t achieve。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节 阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What are sme f yur favurite memries f the University?
In preparatin fr each 50th reunin, members f the milestne class are asked t recall campus memries fr an annual Memry Bk.
Here's a small selectin f sme memries frm the Class f 1969.
Phyllis J Baunach
“ cannt frget the endless hurs studying, researching, and learning in the middle f the musty bks in the stacks. We did everything by hand! But the jys f ideas cming t life and understanding thrny cncepts are priceless.
Additinally, I cannt frget the jyful hurs f C-Kast rehearsals fr student-written-and- directed plays, and the thrill f audiences’ respnses t ur effrts. Nr will I ever frget taking vice lessns at the Eastman Schl f Music. This curse gave me cnfidence t try new musical appraches and t think n my feet.”
Paul Behm
“... many sweet and lasting memries—five feet f deep snw, getting stranded n the Thruway, music at Hylie Mrris's Alley, and, f curse, I met my wife f 48 years, Ellen Blazer Behm frm the Class f 1972, when she was a freshman and I was a senir. As a five-year chemical engineering majr, I had ne elective t spare, and Ellen said, “Hw abut ceangraphy?” S, I enrlled in ceangraphy with Dr. Tar Takahashi（the famus climate scientist）, which awakened my envirnmental justices, and changed my prfessinal directin.”
Farel Vella McClure
“ truly lved my fur undergraduate years at the University f Rchester. In fact, I lved it s much that I stayed an extra year t get a master's degree! I was very frtunate t have been ttally immersed in student life n campus. My memries include campaigning and winning a seat n the student gvernment during my freshman year. Other memries include the Susan B. Anthny banquet, and sleeping in the cmfy chairs in the library. I was als privileged t be selected as a student representative n the design team fr the new Wilsn Cmmns. I. M. Pei, the famus architect wh designed the Luvre Pyramid, was the architect fr Wilsn Cmmns. We even visited his ffices in New Yrk t see the “master” at wrk.”
21. Accrding t the passage, Paul Behm ______.
A. married Ellen Blazer in 1972
B. disliked his majr in university
C. became a famus climate scientist later
D. discvered his interest in envirnmental science
22. What can we learn abut Farel Vella McClure?
A. She was a wrld-famus designer.
B. She was active in schl activities.
C. She had a hard time getting her master's.
D. She nce met I. M. Pei at the Luvre Pyramid.
23. The three peple all talked abut ______.
A. their belved prfessrsB. their great friendship
C. their learning experiencesD. their beautiful campus
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，里程碑班的3位成员回忆自己最喜欢的校园记忆是什么。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由题干关键词Paul Behm可将答案定位于倒数第二段。由倒数第二段中的“S, I enrlled in ceangraphy with Dr. Tar Takahashi （the famus climate scientist）, which awakened my envirnmental justices, and changed my prfessinal directin.”（所以，我和著名的气候科学家高桥太郎博士一起注册了海洋学，这唤醒了我对环境正义的兴趣，改变了我的专业方向。），可知Paul Behm发现了他对海洋科学的兴趣。故选D项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中的“My memries include campaigning and winning a seat n the student gvernment during my freshman year. Other memries include the Susan B. Anthny banquet, and sleeping in the cmfy chairs in the library. I was als privileged t be selected as a student representative n the design team fr the new Wilsn Cmmns.”（我的记忆包括在大一时竞选和赢得学生会席位。其它记忆包括Susan B. Anthny宴会和睡在图书馆舒适的椅子上。我也很荣幸被选为新威尔逊公地设计团队的学生代表。），可推断出她在学校活动中很积极。故选B项。
23题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“Here's a small selectin f sme memries frm the Class f 1969.”（这里有一些1969届学生的记忆。），第三段中的“ cannt frget the endless hurs studying, researching, and learning in the middle f the musty bks in the stacks.”（……我无法忘记在书堆里发霉的书中间没完没了地学习、研究和学习。），倒数第二段中的“S, I enrlled in ceangraphy with Dr. Tar Takahashi （the famus climate scientist）, which awakened my envirnmental justices, and changed my prfessinal directin.”（所以，我和著名的气候科学家高桥太郎博士一起注册了海洋学，这唤醒了我对环境正义的兴趣，改变了我的专业方向。）和最后一段中的“ truly lved my fur undergraduate years at the University f Rchester.”（……我真的很喜欢我在罗切斯特大学的四年本科生活。），可推断出3个人都在讲他们大学的学习经历。故选C项。
【点睛】在高考中，细节理解题为频繁常考题型，集中考查文中细节。在做此类题型时，同学们可以先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅技巧迅速在文中找到这一细节，把这部分内容仔细读一遍，比较所给选项与文中细节的细微差别。如在第1小题中，分析问题，得到关键词Paul Behm，迅速定位到倒数第二段下，找到句子“S, I enrlled in ceangraphy with Dr. Tar Takahashi （the famus climate scientist）, which awakened my envirnmental justices, and changed my prfessinal directin.”可知，可知Paul Behm发现了他对海洋科学的兴趣。故选D项。
B
Early February, I was flying up t Ohi. Well prepared, I had everything in my favur — fuel fr five hurs, charts in rder, my flight plan n my lap, and a beautiful clear sky.
I was wrng.
I had heard abut Alberta Clippers cming ut f Canada. I knew all abut them — hw an entire air mass was streaming alng at ver sixty miles an hur.
That mrning, the Weather Briefer infrmed me that an Alberta Clipper was ging ver Chicag abut the time I gt t the airprt. Chicag was sme 400 miles frm my destinatin — nt a factr, r s I thught. That was the first hint I missed.
The cntrller called and asked if I wanted t adjust my flight plan. I did the check and everything was in the green. S I tld him n. Twenty minutes later the cntrller called again asking whether I wanted t adjust my flight plan. I checked everything. All was fine. I ignred that hint. I was fled by the smth air and limited experience with a rapidly mving air mass that was nt changing vilently. The Alberta Clipper was clipping alng.
The first blast f turbulence (气流) struck my plane. I gt slammed int the rf, and then slammed sideways hitting the windw with such frce up my nse that I started bleeding.
After a 2-hur flight f 100 miles, I realized fuel was nw an issue. S was landing. I called Flight Fllwing. We figured ut the airprt I culd land.
The engine stpped. S did my heart. There is n quiet as quietly stunning as this ne at such an altitude. I had run ut f fuel in the left tank, and nly a little in my right tank. The engine quit fr a secnd time. I declared an emergency. I was tld that I might get anther few minutes f fuel if I gently banked the airplane. Luckily, it wrked. Then, the engine quit fr the last time. I was a glider nw. I made a lng lazy spiral descent. Dwn I went. I stpped at the very end f the runway.
I made s many mistakes, missed s many clues, and shwed my ignrance s much that I beat myself up ver and ver again in my mind. I learned textbk descriptins f Alberta Clippers and real-life experience with ne are ttally different. I will never frget the sund f that silence.
I flew hme the next day. Older. Wiser. Humbler. Lucky.
24. What mainly led t the authr’s missing all the hints?
A. His vercnfidence in his pilting skills.B. His misjudgement abut the air mass.
C. His pr preparatin fr the jurney.D. His lack f flying experience.
25. Which is the right rder f the events?
a. I declared an emergency. b. My airplane was running ut f fuel.
c. I insisted n carrying n my flight plan. d. I was thrwn t the rf by the vilent air mass.
e. I slightly banked my airplane and made a landing.
A. cdbaeB. cdabeC. dcebaD. dcbea
26. The passage describes ________.
A. a painful explratinB. a serius accident
C. a rewarding trainingD. a narrw escape
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在糟糕的天气条件下坚持飞行，结果错估天气状况，又遭遇飞机没油和引擎失灵，经历了一次死里逃生的飞行经历。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段中的“I ignred that hint. I was fled by the smth air and limited experience with a rapidly mving air mass that was nt changing vilently. (我忽略了这个提示。我被平稳的空气和有限的经验迷惑了，关于快速移动的、没有剧烈变化的气团的经验。)”可知，是作者对气团的错误判断使他忽略了提示。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。按事件顺序，c——第五段中的“S I tld him n. (所以我告诉他不调整飞行计划。)”、d——第六段中的“I gt slammed int the rf, and then slammed sideways hitting the windw with such frce up my nse that I started bleeding. (我狠狠地撞上了顶棚，然后重重地撞向窗户，撞在鼻子上，我开始流血。)”、b——倒数第三段中的“I had run ut f fuel in the left tank, and nly a little in my right tank. (我的左油箱没油了，而我的右油箱只有一点油。)”、a——倒数第三段中的“I declared an emergency. (我宣布了紧急情况。)”以及e——倒数第三段中的“I was tld that I might get anther few minutes f fuel if I gently banked the airplane. Luckily, it wrked. (有人告诉我，如果我轻轻地把飞机倾斜起来，我可能再得到几分钟的燃油。幸运的是，它成功了。)”以及“I stpped at the very end f the runway. (我在跑道的尽头停了下来。)”可知，事件的正确顺序为cdbae。故选A项。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。由第六段中的“The first blast f turbulence (气流) struck my plane. I gt slammed int the rf, and then slammed sideways hitting the windw with such frce up my nse that I started bleeding. (我的飞机受到了第一次气流的冲击。我狠狠地撞上了顶棚，然后重重地撞向窗户，撞在鼻子上，我开始流血。)”以及倒数第三段中的“I had run ut f fuel in the left tank, and nly a little in my right tank. The engine quit fr a secnd time. I declared an emergency. (我的左油箱没油了，而我的右油箱只有一点油。发动机又一次熄火了。我宣布了紧急情况。)”以及“I stpped at the very end f the runway. (我在跑道的尽头停了下来。)”和最后一段“I flew hme the next day. Older. Wiser. Humbler. Lucky. (第二天我就飞回家了。这次经历之后我变得更老到了，更聪明了，更谦逊了。我是幸运的。)”可知，文章讲的是死里逃生的一次飞行经历。故选D项。
C
There is certainly evidence that actrs experience a cmbinatin f their real self with their assumed characters. Fr example, Benedict Cumberbatch said, “My mum says I’m much mre impatient with her when I’m filming Sherlck.”
Mark Setn, a researcher at the University f Sydney, has even invented the term “pst-dramatic stress disrder” t describe the lasting effects experienced by actrs wh lse themselves in a rle. “Actrs may ften prlng (延长) habits f the characters they have rle-played.” he writes
A recent finding desn’t invlve acting, and it shws that just spending sme time thinking abut anther persn seemed t rub ff n the vlunteers’ sense f self led by Meghan Meyer at Princetn University. Acrss several studies, these researchers asked vlunteers t first rate their wn persnalities, memries r physical features, and then t perfrm the same task frm the perspective (视角) f anther persn. Fr example, they might scre the emtinality (情绪性) f varius persnal memries, and then rate hw a friend r relative wuld have experienced thse same events.
After taking the perspective f anther, the vlunteers scred themselves nce again: the finding was that their self-knwledge was nw changed —their self-scres had changed t becme mre similar t thse they’d given fr smene else. Fr example, if at first they had said the term “cnfident” was nly lsely related t themselves and then rated the term as being strngly related t a friend’s persnality, when they came t rescre themselves, they nw tended t see themselves as mre cnfident.
“By simply thinking abut anther persn, we may adapt ur self t take the shape f that persn” said Meyer and her clleagues. That ur sense f self shuld have this quality might be a little discuraging, especially fr anyne wh has struggled t establish a firm sense f identity. Yet there is an ptimistic message here, t. The challenge f imprving urselves— r at least seeing urselves in a mre psitive light— might be a little easier than we thught. By rle-playing r acting ut the kind f persn we wuld like t becme, r just by thinking abut and spending time with peple wh have the kind f features we wuld like t see in urselves, we can find that ur sense f self changes in desirable ways.
“As each f us chses wh t befriend, wh t mdel, and wh t ignre,” write Meyer and her clleagues, “we must make these decisins aware f hw they shape nt nly the structure f ur scial netwrks, but even ur sense f wh we are.”
27. The first tw paragraphs mainly ______.
A. state that acting requires skills
B. shw that a rle leaves a mark n the actr
C. explain the stress that an actr faces
D. stress the imprtance f devting neself t a rle
28. What des the underlined phrase “rub ff n” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Cnfuse.B. Strengthen.C. Influence.D. Determine.
29. Accrding t the study, taking the perspective f anther persn ______.
A. brings changes t ne’s self-knwledge
B. makes ne better understand himself
C. helps peple deal with their identity prblems
D. prduces shrt-term effects n ne’s character
30. What is the significance f the study?
A. It ffers instructins n making friends.
B. It presents a way t deal with stress disrder.
C. It gives advice n adjusting ne’s emtins.
D. It suggests a means t imprve urselves.
【答案】27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了什么是“戏剧后应激障碍”，以及“戏剧后应激障碍”对生活的影响。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“There is certainly evidence that actrs experience a cmbinatin f their real self with their assumed characters. (有确凿的证据表明，演员体验到的是真实的自我与假想的角色的结合)”以及第二段“Actrs may ften prlng (延长) habits f the characters they have rle-played.” he writes(演员可能会有延长之前自己扮演的角色的习惯)”可知，前两段讲述作为演员，他们所扮演的角色会对真实生活中的他们产生影响，角色会在演员身上留下印记。故选B。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“Acrss several studies, these researchers asked vlunteers t first rate their wn persnalities, memries r physical features, and then t perfrm the same task frm the perspective (视角) f anther persn.(在几项研究,这些研究人员要求志愿者首先评价自己的个性,记忆或身体特征,然后从另一个人的角度来做同样的评价)”可知，被实验者分别从自己角度以及别人角度对自己进行评价，以及第四段的“After taking the perspective f anther, the vlunteers scred themselves nce again: the finding was that their self-knwledge was nw changed(在接受了别人的观点之后，志愿者们再次给自己打分:结果是他们的自我认知发生了变化)”可知，从别人角度对自己的评价，与自己首次的评价是不一样的，因此，得出结论，从别人的视角看待自己，会影响或改变对自己的认知。因此划线单词的含义是改变或影响。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“After taking the perspective f anther, the vlunteers scred themselves nce again: the finding was that their self-knwledge was nw changed(在接受了别人的观点之后，志愿者们再次给自己打分:结果是他们的自我认知发生了变化)”可知，从别人视角看待自己，对自己的认知是会发生改变的。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段：“Yet there is an ptimistic message here, t. The challenge f imprving urselves— r at least seeing urselves in a mre psitive light— might be a little easier than we thught. By rle-playing r acting ut the kind f persn we wuld like t becme, r just by thinking abut and spending time with peple wh have the kind f features we wuld like t see in urselves, we can find that ur sense f self changes in desirable ways.(然而，这里也有一个乐观的信息。提升自我的困难—或者至少从更积极的角度看待自己—可能比我们想象的要容易一些。通过角色扮演或表演我们想成为的那种人，或者仅仅是思考和花时间与那些拥有我们希望自己身上的特征的人在一起，我们可以发现我们的自我意识以理想的方式改变)”可知，这项研究表明，从其他人角度看待自己，会帮助我们以更加积极的方式认识，改变自己，这样会使自己变得更好，这是研究的意义所在，提供了一种提高自己的方式。故选D。
D
“If I nly had a little humility, I’d be perfect,” the media giant Ted Turner suppsedly said smetime in the1990s. Why be mdest? Aristtle said: “All men by nature desire t knw.” Intellectual humility is a particular instance f humility, since yu can be dwn-t-earth abut mst things but still ignre yur mental limitatins.
Intellectual humility means recgnising that we dn’t knw everything. Actually, it means we shuld acknwledge that we’re prbably biased in ur belief abut just hw much we understand and seek ut the surces f wisdm that we lack.
The Internet and digital media have created the impressin f limitless knwledge at ur fingertips. But, by making us lazy, they have pened up a space that ignrance can fill. The psychlgist Tania Lmbrz f the University f Califrnia explained hw technlgy enhances ur illusins (错觉) f wisdm. She argues that the way we access infrmatin is critical t ur understanding—and the mre easily we can recall an image, wrd r statement, the mre likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and s withdraw frm effrtful cgnitive prcessing. Lgical puzzles presented in an unfriendly fnt (字体), fr example, can encurage smene t make extra effrt t slve them. Yet this apprach runs cunter t the nice designs f the apps and sites that ppulate ur screens, where ur brain prcesses infrmatin in a “smth” way.
What abut all the infrmatin that presents nline? Well, yur capacity t learn frm it depends n yur attitudes. Intellectually humble peple dn’t hide r ignre their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as surces f persnal develpment, and use arguments as an pprtunity t refine their views. Peple wh are humble by nature tend t be mre pen-minded and quicker t reslve disputes, since they recgnise that their wn pinins might nt be valid.
At the ther end f the scale lies intellectual arrgance. Such arrgance almst always riginates frm the egcentric bias—the tendency t verestimate their wn virtue r imprtance, ignring the rle f chance r the influence f ther peple’s actins n their lives. This is what makes these peple credit success t themselves and failure t circumstance. Frm an evlutinary perspective, intellectual arrgance can als be seen as a way f achieving dminance thrugh frcing ne’s view n thers. Intellectually arrgant peple hardly invest mental resurces in discussin r wrking twards grup cnsensus, thus making it hard fr grups t wrk successfully.
The Thrive Center fr Human Develpment in Califrnia, which seeks t help yung peple turn int successful adults, is funding a series f majr studies abut intellectual humility. Their hypthesis is that humility, curisity and penness are key t a fulfilling life. “Withut humility, yu are unable t learn,” Laszl Bck, Ggle’s Head f Peple Operatins, ntes.
31. The passage is mainly abut ___________.
A. the harm arrgance des t usB. the key elements t a fulfilling life
C. the significance f intellectual humilityD. the way peple access infrmatin nline
32. Technlgy enhances ur illusins f wisdm because it ___________.
A enables peple t think criticallyB. ffers t much unreliable infrmatin
C. allws easy access t abundant infrmatinD. makes it hard fr peple t recall infrmatin
33. Accrding t Para.4, intellectually humble peple ___________.
A. prefer t slve difficult prblemsB. are unwilling t shw their strengths
C. value thers’ pinins mre than their wnD. use nline infrmatin t better themselves
34. The authr will prbably agree that ___________.
A. intellectual arrgance is the result f evlutin
B. intellectually arrgant peple ften lack team spirits
C. successful peple are ften unaware f their limitatins
D. circumstances dn’t favr intellectually arrgant peple
【答案】31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了理智的谦逊的重要性。理智谦逊的人不会隐藏或忽视自己的弱点，他们把这视为个人发展的源泉，并把争论当作完善自己观点的机会。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Intellectual humility is a particular instance f humility, since yu can be dwn-t-earth abut mst things but still ignre yur mental limitatins.(理智上的谦逊是谦逊的一个特殊例子，因为你可以在大多数事情上脚踏实地，但仍然忽略你的精神局限。)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述了理解的谦逊的重要性。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The Internet and digital media have created the impressin f limitless knwledge at ur fingertips. (互联网和数字媒体创造了无限知识在我们指尖的印象。)”和“She argues that the way we access infrmatin is critical t ur understanding—and the mre easily we can recall an image, wrd r statement, the mre likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and s withdraw frm effrtful cgnitive prcessing.(她认为，我们获取信息的方式对我们的理解至关重要——我们越容易回忆起一个图像、单词或陈述，我们就越有可能认为我们已经成功地学会了它，从而退出了费力的认知过程。)”可知，技术增强了我们对智慧的幻想，因为它使我们能够容易地获得丰富的信息。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Intellectually humble peple dn’t hide r ignre their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as surces f persnal develpment, and use arguments as an pprtunity t refine their views.(理智上谦虚的人不会隐藏或忽视自己的弱点。事实上，他们将辩论视为个人发展的源泉，并利用辩论来完善自己的观点。)”可知，他们把网上的信息视为个人发展的源泉，是完善自我的机会。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Intellectually arrgant peple hardly invest mental resurces in discussin r wrking twards grup cnsensus, thus making it hard fr grups t wrk successfully. (理智傲慢的人很少投入精力讨论或努力达成群体共识，从而使群体难以成功运作。)”可知，自大的智者缺乏合作精神。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is there a link between scial media and depressin? D scial media have a negative impact n yur mental health? It’s cmplicated.
In a recent study, the investigatrs cmpared scial media use and depressin between teens.
___35___Specifically, fr every hur per day that ne teen spent n scial media mre than her peers, she likely had a 0.64 pint higher depressin scre.
A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types f scial media users. The finding was that "prblematic scial media use" was ne f the main themes fr peple whse mental health was affected by scial media. Yu can have alchl in yur life withut it being a prblem, r yur alchl use may becme prblematic. ___36___
There's ne imprtant thing t remember abut survey research just because tw things happen tgether, it's nt necessarily true that ne causes the ther. ___37___Fr all we knw, it culd be that peple wh are already mre depressed chse t spend mre time n scial media.
___38___If yu think that we shuldn't paint scial media with ne brad brush, yu're n the right track. On the ne hand, participants ften described scial media as a valuable way t cpe with stress. On the ther hand, cyberbullying via scial media was als a cmmn experience fr participants. Sme als said that cnstantly checking their wn scial media prfile was stressful.
It’s certainly pssible that experiences like cyberbullying, cmparing yurself t idealized images, and cnstantly mnitring yur prfile, are bad fr yur md. It's als true fr many that scial media ffer cmmunity supprt and psitive messages. Given the incnclusive research, it's safe t say that at least we shuldn't write ff scial media altgether. ___39___Anyway, yu cannt use it as a crutch fr cping with ther stressrs and mental health prblems.
A. It's the same with scial media.
B. Scial media can be a duble-edged swrd.
C. Peple get mre pininated abut the ptential prblems f scial media.
D. They fund that thse wh used scial media mre had higher depressin scres.
E. They reviewed all existing research and fund that there were bth benefits and drawbacks.
F. The key t benefiting frm scial media may lie in using it in mderatin and staying scially cnnected.
G. Fr example, just because higher scial media use c-ccurs with higher levels f depressin desn't mean scial media use causes depressin.
【答案】35. D 36. A 37. G 38. B 39. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，社交媒体是一把双刃剑，它对使用者的心理健康有影响，比较抑郁的人选择在社交媒体上花更多的时间，人们应该适度使用社交媒体并保持社交联系。
【35题详解】
由下一句“具体来说，一个青少年每天花在社交媒体上的时间比她的同龄人多1个小时，她的抑郁得分可能高出0.64分。”可知，承接下文，D选项“他们发现使用社交媒体越多的人抑郁得分越高。”切题；该选项中的higher depressin scres对应下文中的a 0.64 pint higher depressin scre。故选D项。
36题详解】
由上一句“你可以在你的生活中拥有酒精，不让它成为一个问题，或者你的酒精使用可能成为一个问题。”可知，承接上文，A选项“社交媒体也是如此。”切题；该选项表示社交媒体使用和酒精使用一样，可能变成问题，也可能不是问题。故选A项。
【37题详解】
由上一句“调查研究有一件重要的事情要记住，因为两件事同时发生，不一定一件事导致另一件事。”可知，承接上文，G选项“例如，仅仅因为较高的社交媒体使用量与较高的抑郁水平并存并不意味着社交媒体使用量会导致抑郁。”切题；该选项是对上文“it's nt necessarily true that ne causes the ther.”的举例说明。故选G项。
【38题详解】
由下文“一方面，参与者经常将社交媒体描述为应对压力的一种有价值的方式。另一方面，通过社交媒体进行网络欺凌也是参与者的常见经历。”可知，B选项“社交媒体可以是一把双刃剑。”切题；该选项中的a duble-edged swrd对应下文所提及的社交媒体的好坏两方面。故选B项。
【39题详解】
由下一句“不管怎样，你不能把它作为一个依靠来应付其它的压力和心理健康问题。”可知，承接下文，F选项“从社交媒体中获益的关键可能在于适度使用社交媒体并保持社交联系。”切题；该选项中的using it in mderatin and staying scially cnnected对应下文中的“不能把社交媒体作为应对压力和心理健康问题的一个依靠”。故选F项。
【点睛】第一、通读全文，了解文章大意。这是一个泛读的过程，目的是了解文章大意，为以后的理解做铺垫。
第二、明确关联关系。任何句子都是要么和上文有联系，要么和下文有联系，要么和上下文都有联系。例如第2、3小题都与它们的上文有联系。
第三、带入通读，复查。
做完题目切忌直接离开，这时我们很有必要将自己修正好的文章通读一遍，将其看做一片行文通顺语意连贯的文章来读，这时如果感到有含义不连贯的地方，很有可能是我们填错了空，就要复查了，注意：七选五的特点在于，错一道，往往还会错另外的一道或几道，我们叫做“连错”，所以当你发现自己有一处填的有问题时，一定要同时检查其它空。
第三部分：书面表达（共32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）。
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
I am nt sure hw many bks I have reread, but perhaps it is fewer than the average persn. Fr me. the pleasure f rereading is a newly discvered ne, thugh the surce material is nt.
I used t take the same apprach t bks as I did t travel: dn't g t the same place twice. Life is t shrt. There is s much t read and s much t see and experience. Then I realised that the fact that life is shrt might wrk the ther way arund, t: if yu knw yu enjy smething, r smewhere, immensely, then why nt return? It makes sense when we have limited amunts f time.
Recently I reread Jseph Heller's Catch-22. I was inspired t d s when reminded f hw he'd respnd when peple asked him why he'd never written anything as gd: “Wh has?”
Catch-22 pretty much saved my life when I first read it. I was an extremely depressed 17-year-ld, had drpped ut f sixth frm twice, didn't leave the huse at all. and didn't have a life. It fell as thugh I hadn't laughed in such a lng lime—me, a persn wh lves laughing—because I hadn't. Catch-22 had me hwling. It managed t lake me ut f the little private lnely wrld I had cme t inhabit, and thugh its themes are serius, its sheer wit and cleverness cheered me immensely. I related t its characters wh are themselves trapped. I am nw planning t reread the srt f bks that inspired me in my wn writing—wrks I haven't picked up fr a lng lime but that might energize me during a time in which all f ur batteries am flashing lw.
There's cmfrt, t, in reading the frmative bks ne lved, and thse set in perids ther than ur wn—the 19th-century and the early 20th-century tales f sciety. I wn't take a break altgether frm reading the mst recent releases, hut I have tried t dip mre frequently int the histrical dcuments. The irny is that I wn a ridiculus number f bks, which I've been neglecting (忽略) this whle time. N lnger.
40. What apprach did the authr use t take t bks and travel?
41. Hw did Catch-22 benefit the authr?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The authr will read histrical dcuments, but stp reading new bks.
43. What des rereading mean t yu?（In abut 40 wrds）
【答案】40. Dn’t g t the same place twice./Dn’t read the same bk twice.
41. The bk tk the authr ut f the little private lnely wrld (he/she had cme t inhabit.)
42. The authr will read histrical dcuments, but stp reading new bks.
Accrding t the passage, the authr wn’t take a break altgether frm reading the mst recent releases.
43. Reading bks means a lt t me. Each time I reread a bk, I have a better understanding f the bk as well as my life. I als enjy reading the ntes I left at the margins, which is like ging back t a favrite tur site.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者主要陈述了作者对于读书的一些感悟。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“I used t take the same apprach t bks as I did t travel: dn't g t the same place twice.（我以前对待书籍的态度和对待旅行的态度是一样的：同一个地方不要去两次。）”可知，作者认为不要两次去同一个地方。同一本书不要读两次。故答案是：Dn’t g t the same place twice./Dn’t read the same bk twice.。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“It managed t lake me ut f the little private lnely wrld I had cme t inhabit（它设法把我从我所栖居那个小小的、私人的、孤独的世界中拉了出来）”可知，这本书把作者从他(她)所栖居的小小私人孤独世界中带了出来。故答案是：The bk tk the authr ut f the little private lnely wrld (he/she had cme t inhabit.)。
【42题详解】
考查正误判断。根据文章最后一段“I wn't take a break altgether frm reading the mst recent releases, but I have tried t dip mre frequently int the histrical dcuments.（我不会在阅读最新发布的版本时完全休息，但我已经尝试更频繁地浏览历史文档。）”可知，这句话的后半部分是错误的。故答案是：The authr will read histrical dcuments, but stp reading new bks.
Accrding t the passage, the authr wn’t take a break altgether frm reading the mst recent releases.。
【43题详解】
考查推理判断。（开放性试题，言之有理即可）故答案是：Reading bks means a lt t me. Each time I reread a bk, I have a better understanding f the bk as well as my life. I als enjy reading the ntes I left at the margins, which is like ging back t a favrite tur site.。
第二节 （共20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你班英国交换生Jim打算利用寒假在家锻炼身体，发来邮件向你咨询。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐一款app；2. 给出运动建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Pssible versin 1
Dear Jim,
I hpe this email finds yu well. I heard that yu are planning t exercise during the winter break and I think it’s a great idea!
Fr tracking yur wrkuts and staying mtivated, I recmmend using the app called “Nike Training Club”. It ffers varius wrkut prgrams fr different fitness levels and gals, including strength training, cardi exercises, and yga. The app als prvides vide tutrials and persnalized recmmendatins based n yur preferences.
In terms f exercise suggestins, yu can try ding bdyweight exercises like push-ups, squats, lunges at hme. Additinally, if yu have access t a gym r sprts center nearby, yu culd cnsider trying ut sme grup classes such as spinning r aerbics. Remember t warm up befre each sessin and listen t yur bdy.
I hpe these suggestins help yu in achieving yur fitness gals during the break!
Yurs,
Li Hua
Pssible versin 2
Dear Jim,
What a cincidence! I am als planning t wrk ut with an app during winter vacatin.
I highly recmmend the app Cdn t yu. It ffers cmprehensive sprts slutins including fitness teaching and guidance n fitness diets. One f the great features f Cdn is its ability t assess yur current physical cnditin and recmmend suitable exercise plans tailred specifically t yur needs.
T help yu get started, I have sme tips fr yu. Firstly, pace yurself when starting any new exercise rutine. It’s imprtant nt t verd it in the beginning as this can lead t injuries r burnut. Secndly, try yur best t fllw the custmized plan prvided by the app since cnsistency is key in achieving real results thrugh exercise.
I wuld lve t hear what yu think abut using Cdn. Lking frward t yur reply!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你班英国交换生Jim打算利用寒假在家锻炼身体，发来邮件向你咨询。要就此内容，求考生给他回复一封电子邮件。解析以范文一为例。
【详解】1.词汇积累
希望：hpe → expect
锻炼：exercise → wrk ut
各种各样的：varius → a variety f
此外：additinally → in additin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It ffers varius wrkut prgrams fr different fitness levels and gals, including strength training, cardi exercises, and yga.
拓展句：It ffers varius wrkut prgrams fr different fitness levels and gals, which include strength training, cardi exercises, and yga.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Additinally, if yu have access t a gym r sprts center nearby, yu culd cnsider trying ut sme grup classes such as spinning r aerbics. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】I hpe these suggestins help yu in achieving yur fitness gals during the break! (运用了省略that引导宾语从句)