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新高考英语二轮语法回顾与训练学案---名词性从句（含答案）
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这是一份新高考英语二轮语法回顾与训练学案---名词性从句（含答案），共8页。试卷主要包含了 主语从句， 表语从句， 宾语从句， 同位语从句， 我宁愿你明天去等内容，欢迎下载使用。
名词性从句分为四类：
1. 主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的句子就叫主语从句。注意：在含有主语从句的复合句里，主句谓语使用单三形式。
When she will be back depends n the weather.
It’s a pity that he made such a stupid mistake. （句首it为形式主语）
2. 表语从句：位于系动词之后充当表语的句子叫做表语从句。
What he wants t knw is whether he shuld start nw.
3. 宾语从句：在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。注意：宾语从句一般跟在及物动词或介词后。
Mary wrte an article n why the team had failed t win the game.
Can yu tell me when he will cme back? （常考点：tell后接双宾语。此句中me为间接宾语，宾语从句为直接宾语。）
The reprt didn’t make it clear hw the cnclusin was arrived at. （句中it为形式宾语）
4. 同位语从句：对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明其内容的句子叫做同位语从句。同位语从句常用于某些抽象名词（idea, fact, news, hpe, belief, thught, message, truth, infrmatin等）后面。
The news that ur team has wn the match is true.
注意：that可以引导上述四种名词性从句。共同特点是不能省略that，但一种情况例外：当及物动词后只接一个宾语从句时可省略that或接多个宾语从句时第一个从句前that可省略。
I wrte a letter telling her (that) the students appreciated what she did and that（that不能省略）her cntributin t ur schl made a difference in all f ur lives.
考点归纳
一、名词性从句的引导词
1. that只起引导作用，本身无意义，且在从句中不充当任何成分。
I knw yu aren’t a dctr and that yu want yur sn t becme a dctr.
2. what, wh, which和when, where, why, hw, whever, whichever, wherever等，在从句中充当成分，且有意义。
Wh will cme t help with my English hasn’t been settled.
Whever wants t jin in the activity shuld apply n ur website in advance.
3. if和whether引导名词性从句都表“是否”。whether可引导所有名词性从句，而if只能引导及物动词后的宾语从句。
Up t nw, whether we will attend the meeting hasn’t been decided.
二、名词性从句的语序
1. 名词性从句中，一律要用陈述句语序。
2. 当hw表“多么…，多少（钱等）”引导名词性从句时，其后要先跟其所修饰的形容词，即把hw + adj.视作一个整体，充当连接词，故两者不能分开，再加上主语和谓语。
He didn’t knw hw much time he shuld spend n it.
The phts will shw yu what ur village lks like.
Yu can hardly imagine hw excited he was when he heard the news that he was admitted t Wu Han University.
三、引导词that 与 what 的用法
名词性从句中区分that与what的关键是：
1、分析句子结构，看从句是否缺少某成分。如果不缺成分，就用that；如果缺少某成分(主语、宾语、表语等)，所缺部分可理解为“所……的东西/事情/地方等”就用what。
2. 观察从句语意是否完整。如果语意完整，就用that；若语意不完整，就用what。
What was mst imprtant t her, she tld me, was her family.
After five hurs’ drive, they reached what they’d been dreaming f.
That the earth is rund is knwn t us all.
Father made a prmise that if I passed the examinatin he wuld buy an i-phne 7 fr me.
The ther day, my brther drve his car dwn the street at what was a dangerus speed.
It has been thirty years since we last met, but I still remembered the stry, believe it r nt, that we went lst n a rainy day.
四、引导词if和whether引导宾语从句的用法
1. whether和if跟在谓语动词后引导宾语从句时可互换。
I want t knw whether/ if he passed the exam.
2. 以下几种情况只能用whether引导宾语从句，请牢记：
（1）介词后只能用whether引导宾语从句。
（2）与r nt连用时，只能用whether引导宾语从句，即：whether…r nt。
（3）whether + t d。
He has t decide whether t lk fr a jb immediately he graduates.
It’s easy t check nline whether the prducts are available r nt.
五、同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1. 同位语从句：
（1）同位语从句多用that 引导。
（2）在have n idea (f )之后常用wh- 引导同位语从句。
I have n idea (f) what he is ding nw.
I have n idea (f) where he cmes frm.
（3）一般跟在抽象名词（fact, news, prmise, truth, belief, thught, idea, answer, infrmatin, knwledge, dubt, hpe, law, pinin, plan, suggestin等）后面，用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容。
（4）如果使用了连词that，它在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何实际意义。
2. 定语从句：对先行词（名词或代词）起修饰限制作用。如果使用了关系代词that，它在从句中常作主语和宾语，且有实际意义。
The news (that) we knw frm her excited all f us.（定语从句）
The news that she passed the exam excited her parents.（同位语从句）
六、名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1. 表命令、建议、要求或请求等动词所接的宾语从句和主语从句，要用虚拟语气，即“(shuld) + d”。常见动词如下，请加强记忆：
demand, require, request, desire, advise, suggest, prpse, recmmend, rder, cmmand, insist, urge…
2. 当表示建议、命令、请求等主观意向的名词做主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句常用虚拟语气，即“(shuld) + d”。常见名词如下，请加强记忆：
advice, demand, desire, rder, prpsal, request, requirement, recmmendatin, suggestin,…
3. 常用的句型有：
It is necessary (imprtant, natural, strange, etc.) that + sb. (shuld) d ….
It is a pity (a shame, n wnder, etc.) that+ sb. (shuld) d ….
It is suggested (requested, prpsed, desired, etc.) that+ sb. (shuld) d ….
4. wish和wuld rather后所接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。
动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或wuld / culd+have +过去分词；若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用wuld (culd)＋动词原形。
wuld rather后句子用虚拟语气
▲ 一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望
I’d rather yu went tmrrw (nw). 我宁愿你明天(现在)去。
▲ 用过去完成时表过去的愿望
I’d rather yu hadn’t said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。
强化训练
一、填空：在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的适当形式。
1. By paying children fr chres with an allwance, yu’ll als be sending the message __________ wrk isn’t wrth ding _________ they are getting paid fr it.
2. It remains t be seen _________ peple really want t carry bth a smart phne _________ a smart watch.
3. Pick yurself up. Curage is ding _________ yu’re afraid t d.
4. The suggestin _________ the students shuld learn smething useful is wrth _________ (cnsider). 学生们要学点有用的东西的建议是值得考虑的。
5. Whether we can live in harmny with nature depends n _________ effective measures will _________ (take) t reduce pllutin.
6. _________ is strngly advised that the cntracts _________ (read) thrugh thrughly.
7. We take it fr granted _________ with memry we can remember mst f things _________ (happen) in ur life.
8. _________ puzzles scientists hw these creatures can survive in such severe cnditins _________ described here.
9. _________ amazed us was _________ he managed t wrk ut such a hard maths prblem in _________ a shrt time.
10. He became interested in tw _________ (thery) that pssibly explained _________ chlera killed peple.
11. _________ (prevent) this frm happening again, Jhn Snw suggested that the surce f all the water supplies _________ (examine).
12. Exactly _________ the ptat _________ (intrduce) int Eurpe is uncertain, but it was prbably arund 1565.
二、改错：每句错误最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。
1. What is knwn t us all that it’s great imprtance t imprve wrking cnditins fr factry wrkers.
2. The ntice came arund tw ’clck in this afternn the meeting wuld be put ff.
3. Sme peple have the idea yu can crss Canada in little than five days.
4. What’s even mre imprtance is as the earth cled dwn, water began t appear n its surface.
5. Being Senir 3 student, I ften quarrel with my mther ver if I can watch TV after schl.
6. I am very glad t have read the ntice what yu psted the ther day fr several places f interests t visit during yur stay in China.
7. Helen, a authr and expert in Japanese cartns, explained that the character is s ppular.
8. The reasn why Tm didn’t attend t schl is because he gt ill.
9. Hw we understand things have a lt f t d with what we feel.
10. We must find ut hw Karl is cming, s we can bk rm fr him in advance.
三、翻译。
1. 最重要的是，作为一名交换生我已经接触了美国文化。
2. 真诚地希望我能被给予这次机会。
3. 人们普遍认为教育不应该仅仅通过考试结果来衡量。
4. 相反，其他人认为经常做运动与健康息息相关。
5. 我想要知道，除了合理的价格，是否还有其他的好处。
6. 我坚信：如果你考虑我的建议，你将取得巨大进步。
7. 我不知道成为一名好老师需要什么。
8. 我们必须记住浪费时间等于浪费生命。
参考答案：
一、填空
1. that; unless 2. whether; and 3. what 4. that; cnsidering 5. whether; be taken 6. It; (shuld) be read 7. that; happening 8. It; as 9. What; hw; such 10. theries; why 11. T prevent; (shuld) be examined 12. when; was intrduced
二、改错
1. What - It或all后面加is; great前加f
2. 去掉in; afternn后加that
3. idea后加that; little-less
4. imprtance - imprtant; as前加that
5. Being后加a; if - whether
6. what - that; interests - interest
7. a - an; that - why
8. 去掉t; because - that
9. have - has; 去掉f
10. hw - when; rm前加a
三、翻译
1. What matters mst is that I have been expsed t the American culture as an exchange student.
2. I sincerely hpe that I can be given this pprtunity.
3. It’s universally / generally / cmmnly / acknwledged / believed that educatin shuldn’t be
measured nly by exam results.
4. On the cntrary, the rest hld the view that taking regular exercise is clsely related t health.
5. I’d like t knw if/whether there are any ther benefits besides reasnable fees.
6. I firmly believed that /am greatly cnvinced that yu will make big/great prgress if yu take my suggestins int cnsideratin/accunt.
7. I have n idea what it takes t becme a gd teacher.
8. We must keep in mind that wasting time is equal t wasting ur life.
名词性从句分为四类：
1. 主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的句子就叫主语从句。注意：在含有主语从句的复合句里，主句谓语使用单三形式。
When she will be back depends n the weather.
It’s a pity that he made such a stupid mistake. （句首it为形式主语）
2. 表语从句：位于系动词之后充当表语的句子叫做表语从句。
What he wants t knw is whether he shuld start nw.
3. 宾语从句：在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。注意：宾语从句一般跟在及物动词或介词后。
Mary wrte an article n why the team had failed t win the game.
Can yu tell me when he will cme back? （常考点：tell后接双宾语。此句中me为间接宾语，宾语从句为直接宾语。）
The reprt didn’t make it clear hw the cnclusin was arrived at. （句中it为形式宾语）
4. 同位语从句：对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明其内容的句子叫做同位语从句。同位语从句常用于某些抽象名词（idea, fact, news, hpe, belief, thught, message, truth, infrmatin等）后面。
The news that ur team has wn the match is true.
注意：that可以引导上述四种名词性从句。共同特点是不能省略that，但一种情况例外：当及物动词后只接一个宾语从句时可省略that或接多个宾语从句时第一个从句前that可省略。
I wrte a letter telling her (that) the students appreciated what she did and that（that不能省略）her cntributin t ur schl made a difference in all f ur lives.
考点归纳
一、名词性从句的引导词
1. that只起引导作用，本身无意义，且在从句中不充当任何成分。
I knw yu aren’t a dctr and that yu want yur sn t becme a dctr.
2. what, wh, which和when, where, why, hw, whever, whichever, wherever等，在从句中充当成分，且有意义。
Wh will cme t help with my English hasn’t been settled.
Whever wants t jin in the activity shuld apply n ur website in advance.
3. if和whether引导名词性从句都表“是否”。whether可引导所有名词性从句，而if只能引导及物动词后的宾语从句。
Up t nw, whether we will attend the meeting hasn’t been decided.
二、名词性从句的语序
1. 名词性从句中，一律要用陈述句语序。
2. 当hw表“多么…，多少（钱等）”引导名词性从句时，其后要先跟其所修饰的形容词，即把hw + adj.视作一个整体，充当连接词，故两者不能分开，再加上主语和谓语。
He didn’t knw hw much time he shuld spend n it.
The phts will shw yu what ur village lks like.
Yu can hardly imagine hw excited he was when he heard the news that he was admitted t Wu Han University.
三、引导词that 与 what 的用法
名词性从句中区分that与what的关键是：
1、分析句子结构，看从句是否缺少某成分。如果不缺成分，就用that；如果缺少某成分(主语、宾语、表语等)，所缺部分可理解为“所……的东西/事情/地方等”就用what。
2. 观察从句语意是否完整。如果语意完整，就用that；若语意不完整，就用what。
What was mst imprtant t her, she tld me, was her family.
After five hurs’ drive, they reached what they’d been dreaming f.
That the earth is rund is knwn t us all.
Father made a prmise that if I passed the examinatin he wuld buy an i-phne 7 fr me.
The ther day, my brther drve his car dwn the street at what was a dangerus speed.
It has been thirty years since we last met, but I still remembered the stry, believe it r nt, that we went lst n a rainy day.
四、引导词if和whether引导宾语从句的用法
1. whether和if跟在谓语动词后引导宾语从句时可互换。
I want t knw whether/ if he passed the exam.
2. 以下几种情况只能用whether引导宾语从句，请牢记：
（1）介词后只能用whether引导宾语从句。
（2）与r nt连用时，只能用whether引导宾语从句，即：whether…r nt。
（3）whether + t d。
He has t decide whether t lk fr a jb immediately he graduates.
It’s easy t check nline whether the prducts are available r nt.
五、同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1. 同位语从句：
（1）同位语从句多用that 引导。
（2）在have n idea (f )之后常用wh- 引导同位语从句。
I have n idea (f) what he is ding nw.
I have n idea (f) where he cmes frm.
（3）一般跟在抽象名词（fact, news, prmise, truth, belief, thught, idea, answer, infrmatin, knwledge, dubt, hpe, law, pinin, plan, suggestin等）后面，用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容。
（4）如果使用了连词that，它在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何实际意义。
2. 定语从句：对先行词（名词或代词）起修饰限制作用。如果使用了关系代词that，它在从句中常作主语和宾语，且有实际意义。
The news (that) we knw frm her excited all f us.（定语从句）
The news that she passed the exam excited her parents.（同位语从句）
六、名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1. 表命令、建议、要求或请求等动词所接的宾语从句和主语从句，要用虚拟语气，即“(shuld) + d”。常见动词如下，请加强记忆：
demand, require, request, desire, advise, suggest, prpse, recmmend, rder, cmmand, insist, urge…
2. 当表示建议、命令、请求等主观意向的名词做主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句常用虚拟语气，即“(shuld) + d”。常见名词如下，请加强记忆：
advice, demand, desire, rder, prpsal, request, requirement, recmmendatin, suggestin,…
3. 常用的句型有：
It is necessary (imprtant, natural, strange, etc.) that + sb. (shuld) d ….
It is a pity (a shame, n wnder, etc.) that+ sb. (shuld) d ….
It is suggested (requested, prpsed, desired, etc.) that+ sb. (shuld) d ….
4. wish和wuld rather后所接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。
动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或wuld / culd+have +过去分词；若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用wuld (culd)＋动词原形。
wuld rather后句子用虚拟语气
▲ 一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望
I’d rather yu went tmrrw (nw). 我宁愿你明天(现在)去。
▲ 用过去完成时表过去的愿望
I’d rather yu hadn’t said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。
强化训练
一、填空：在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的适当形式。
1. By paying children fr chres with an allwance, yu’ll als be sending the message __________ wrk isn’t wrth ding _________ they are getting paid fr it.
2. It remains t be seen _________ peple really want t carry bth a smart phne _________ a smart watch.
3. Pick yurself up. Curage is ding _________ yu’re afraid t d.
4. The suggestin _________ the students shuld learn smething useful is wrth _________ (cnsider). 学生们要学点有用的东西的建议是值得考虑的。
5. Whether we can live in harmny with nature depends n _________ effective measures will _________ (take) t reduce pllutin.
6. _________ is strngly advised that the cntracts _________ (read) thrugh thrughly.
7. We take it fr granted _________ with memry we can remember mst f things _________ (happen) in ur life.
8. _________ puzzles scientists hw these creatures can survive in such severe cnditins _________ described here.
9. _________ amazed us was _________ he managed t wrk ut such a hard maths prblem in _________ a shrt time.
10. He became interested in tw _________ (thery) that pssibly explained _________ chlera killed peple.
11. _________ (prevent) this frm happening again, Jhn Snw suggested that the surce f all the water supplies _________ (examine).
12. Exactly _________ the ptat _________ (intrduce) int Eurpe is uncertain, but it was prbably arund 1565.
二、改错：每句错误最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。
1. What is knwn t us all that it’s great imprtance t imprve wrking cnditins fr factry wrkers.
2. The ntice came arund tw ’clck in this afternn the meeting wuld be put ff.
3. Sme peple have the idea yu can crss Canada in little than five days.
4. What’s even mre imprtance is as the earth cled dwn, water began t appear n its surface.
5. Being Senir 3 student, I ften quarrel with my mther ver if I can watch TV after schl.
6. I am very glad t have read the ntice what yu psted the ther day fr several places f interests t visit during yur stay in China.
7. Helen, a authr and expert in Japanese cartns, explained that the character is s ppular.
8. The reasn why Tm didn’t attend t schl is because he gt ill.
9. Hw we understand things have a lt f t d with what we feel.
10. We must find ut hw Karl is cming, s we can bk rm fr him in advance.
三、翻译。
1. 最重要的是，作为一名交换生我已经接触了美国文化。
2. 真诚地希望我能被给予这次机会。
3. 人们普遍认为教育不应该仅仅通过考试结果来衡量。
4. 相反，其他人认为经常做运动与健康息息相关。
5. 我想要知道，除了合理的价格，是否还有其他的好处。
6. 我坚信：如果你考虑我的建议，你将取得巨大进步。
7. 我不知道成为一名好老师需要什么。
8. 我们必须记住浪费时间等于浪费生命。
参考答案：
一、填空
1. that; unless 2. whether; and 3. what 4. that; cnsidering 5. whether; be taken 6. It; (shuld) be read 7. that; happening 8. It; as 9. What; hw; such 10. theries; why 11. T prevent; (shuld) be examined 12. when; was intrduced
二、改错
1. What - It或all后面加is; great前加f
2. 去掉in; afternn后加that
3. idea后加that; little-less
4. imprtance - imprtant; as前加that
5. Being后加a; if - whether
6. what - that; interests - interest
7. a - an; that - why
8. 去掉t; because - that
9. have - has; 去掉f
10. hw - when; rm前加a
三、翻译
1. What matters mst is that I have been expsed t the American culture as an exchange student.
2. I sincerely hpe that I can be given this pprtunity.
3. It’s universally / generally / cmmnly / acknwledged / believed that educatin shuldn’t be
measured nly by exam results.
4. On the cntrary, the rest hld the view that taking regular exercise is clsely related t health.
5. I’d like t knw if/whether there are any ther benefits besides reasnable fees.
6. I firmly believed that /am greatly cnvinced that yu will make big/great prgress if yu take my suggestins int cnsideratin/accunt.
7. I have n idea what it takes t becme a gd teacher.
8. We must keep in mind that wasting time is equal t wasting ur life.
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