新高考英语一轮复习考点过关练考点18 说明文类七选五（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

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【命题解读】
实际上，“七选五”的题目选择不是个个都难，难就难在其中1～3道特别的题目上，这些题目或是因为蕴含的信息更为丰富，或是选项高度相似，或是逻辑关系相近，总让人感到很是纠结。那么，此时学生就要学会利用种种重复信息，达到抽丝剥茧的效果。
【解题技能训练思维导图】
原词重复信息
【例】 [2021·全国卷甲]Invite 5—10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. 37.Less peple than that, and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
__38__.They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their “new” clthes hme.
A．Less peple than that
B．Hld a clthing swap
C．If tw peple are cmpeting
D．Just keep music playing thrughut
E．Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F．Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G．Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
解析：本题考查原词复现。本段空白后“They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their ‘new’ clthes hme.”讲他们还应准备大量的可回收的袋子，来把“新”衣服带回家。其中的“clthes”原词复现是解题提示，同时“new”表明衣服应该是好的，对应G选项中的“clean”“in gd cnditin”。
自主解答：________
代词重复信息
【例】 [2021·浙江卷1月]Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem. Make all custmers stand in ne lng，snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each persn at the frnt with the next available register. __34__ This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line，a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead，it will slw dwn everyne a little bit but speed up checkut verall.
A．Why des this always seem t happen t yu?
B．S why dn't mst places encurage serpentine lines?
C．Sme f them may have std in a queue fr almst an hur.
D．The chances f yur line being the fastest are nly ne in three.
E．Hw high is the prbability that yu are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this methd is much faster than the traditinal apprach.
G．But smetimes，as n a Sunday afternn，the system gets particularly busy.
解析：本题考查上下文衔接。前一段提到如果商店中排起了三个结账的队伍，那么结账时延误情况的出现是随机的。本段提到研究人员为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法：让所有人排成一队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。F 项能很好地承接上文，同时F项中的this methd是空后This的指代对象，代词重复是一个很好的解题信号。
派生词重复信息
【例】 [2021·全国卷乙]And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment (赞扬). __40__.Just quickly turn arund and say, “This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it.”
A．Hw d yu knw the hst
B．The first step is t g explring
C．If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here？”
D．Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F．What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn't stp talking
G．He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
解析：考查上下文衔接。本段主要讲面对“dinner-party killer：awkward silence”(晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默)时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment (赞扬)”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst”(他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人)符合语境。G选项中的“He r she”指代the hst，“awkwardness”同义复现也是解题提示。
同义重复信息
【例】 [2021·浙江卷1月]If there are three lines in the stre，delays will happen randmly at different registers. Think abut the prbability：__33__ S it's nt just in yur mind：Anther line prbably is mving faster.
A．Why des this always seem t happen t yu?
B．S why dn't mst places encurage serpentine lines?
C.Sme f them may have std in a queue fr almst an hur.
D．The chances f yur line being the fastest are nly ne in three.
E．Hw high is the prbability that yu are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this methd is much faster than the traditinal apprach.
G．But smetimes，as n a Sunday afternn，the system gets particularly busy.
解析：考查上下文衔接。空前的prbability与D项中的chances和ne in three呼应，同时D项与空后一句“S it's nt just in yur mind：Anther line prbably is mving faster”呼应，符合语境。
反义重复信息
【例】 [2021·全国卷甲]A successful swap depends n the selectin f clthes, the rganizatin f the event, and, bviusly, hw much fun is had. It's really easy t d! Here are a few pinters.
·Invite 5 — 10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. __37__， and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
A．Less peple than that
B．Hld a clthing swap
C．If tw peple are cmpeting
D．Just keep music playing thrughut
E．Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F．Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G．Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
解析：根据本段空白处后文“mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable”，超过5－10人，则无法控制，可知分号前后是两个相反意义的对比关系，根据反义信息“mre than”，可以推理得知空白处想表达人太少的含义。
【真题 1】【2022年新高考2卷】
Writing an essay is a difficult prcess fr mst peple. Hwever, the prcess can be made easier if yu learn t practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. Stay lse and free. ___17___ Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. Even thugh this technique wn’t wrk fr everyne, it helps many peple get a gd stre f ideas t draw n.
The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think f yur first draft as a path cut ut f the jungle—as part f an explratin, nt as a cmplete highway.
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks (大块) f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space. After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites yu t revise.
A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“Stay lse and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
空前说“The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. (下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write yur draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空前说“The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revisin”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites yu t revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【真题 2】【2022年全国乙卷】
Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain (保持) lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact (联系) and share with ne anther. With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. ___36___.
·Mre isn’t always merrier
Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth. ___37___. There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___38___. The friend wh is remaining needs t be sensitive t all the additinal time demands placed n the friend wh has mved. The ne in the new envirnment shuld be sympathetic t the fact that yur friend may feel abandned.
· ___39___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships. Althugh technlgy might make day-t-day cmmunicatin pssible, extra effrt ges a lng way n special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track f friends’ birthdays and ther imprtant dates will make sure nthing slips by yu.
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
___40___, but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【36题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。
【37题详解】
上文“Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth.”（确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.”（除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊。）对E项中的“methds f cmmunicatin”进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【38题详解】
下文“The friend wh is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The ne in the new envirnment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend wh left”和“the ne wh was left behind”分别对应下文“The ne in the new envirnment”和“The friend wh is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。
【39题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A项。
【40题详解】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“scial media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technlgy”。故选F项。
【真题 3】【2022年1月浙江卷】
I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d,but I have made specific chices that allw me t make the mst f every day,and still feel happy and relaxed 31
Pick the mst imprtant
32 Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive . I chse the life f an adviser because I like t wrk with cmpanies ,but dn’t want the life f a big cmpany CEO. My chices are based n the lifestyle I want.
Cmbine yur activities
Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends,family,wrk,play ,etc 33 Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner .Build yur scial life arund peple in yur wrk envirnment .Find peple in yur cmpany wh share cmmn interests and develp yur career (职业）arund the peple and activities yu lve.
34
Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu,but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks,freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant .Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there.
Lighten up
The wrld wn’t cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne .Celebrate prgress and keep refining(改进)tward a happy prductive existence 35 .Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up
B.Be an active learner
C.Stp trying t balance time between them all
D.Make chices abut what is meaningful in yur life
E.The things yu d well usually give yu greater jy
F.Perhaps these tips will help yu make the mst f yur time
G.This is why making lists is imprtant in any prductivity handbk
【答案】FDCBG
第31题 考查行文逻辑。根据前文: but 1 have made specific chice that allw me t make the mst f every day…以及下文的各个小标题可知，第一段尾句为承上启下。 F意为：或许这些建议能帮助你充分利用时间。符合逻辑，故答案选F。

第32题 考查行文逻辑。小标题为：选择最重要的东西。空格后说：把时间集中花在对你来说是有趣和有意的事情上。前后是顺承关系，选项D 中选择有意义的事情。符合前后文逻辑, 故答案选D。

第33题 考查行文逻辑。前文figure ut hw t spend time with friends, family, wrk, play, etc._。后文Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner.。C 选项中的代词them是承接指代上下文内容，句意也是别再试图平衡这么多东西。符合行文逻辑，故答案选C。

第34题 考查主旨大意。后文说：你可能会认为学习需要花费你更多的时间，但实际上总有新的方式可以节省你在日常任务上的时间，让你腾出时间去做最重要的是事情。要一直寻找新的方式。反复提到的学习新的方式。B 选项意为：做一个积极的学习者。符合题意，故答案选B。

第35题 考查行文逻辑：前文说：庆祝进步，不断改进。后文说：每一次完成都是一次小小的胜利。G 选项中的make lists指代的就是清单中每一项完成就是小小的胜利。符合逻辑，故答案选G。
【真题 4】【2021年新高考1卷】
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard. It was s tiny that we had t leave ur suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, thugh. Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing （水管）wrked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female vice that said, "Ouverture des prtes, " in perfect French. That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame l dn't have much use fr it.
Parisians are different frm yu and me. They never lk lazy r untidy. As smene nted in this paper a cuple f weeks ag, they eat great fd and never gain weight. 3 French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.
4 On ur first mrning in Paris, I went arund the crner t the fd market t pick up sme grceries. I bught a handful f perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet meln. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cst ＄18!
In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency （效率）. Yu can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crwded. 5 When d these peple wrk? The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly—s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call.
A.Nt all the custmers are turists.
B.The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D.The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E.That's nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F.Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G.The fd is s delicius that yu dn't need much f it t make yu happy.
【文章大意】作者通过亲身体验，感受了法国高品质的生活：高级公寓，美味食物，舒缓的生活节奏和每周35小时的工作时间。
【解析】
1 ：F。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空后的S表明该空与空后句为因果逻辑关系，又根据空前句作者夫妇在法国度过了一周，可知，他们的目的是想体验法国当地人的生活，所以他们租了一间公寓。故选F。
2 ：C。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前的plumbing，空后的building, lift是在介绍作者夫妇租住的公寓，与C选项中的kitchen和bed为同话题词复现。故选C。
3 ：G。考查段中空。解题语句：空前句。分析题目可知，空前一句eat great fd and never gain weight与G选项中s delicius that yu dn't need much f it构成同义替换。故选G。
4 ：E。考查段首空。解题语句：空后句。分析题目可知，前文提到法国人与你我不同之处在于他们吃的食物很精致，摄入量很少，所以他们的体重不会增加，空后提到作者夫妇的一次经历，通过But they cst ＄18可知法国的食物很贵，这也是法国人食物摄入量少的另外一个原因。故选E。
5 ：A。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前always crwded提到咖啡馆里人很多，且French cafés与A选项中的custmers为同话题词复现，又根据空后When d these peple wrk？以及The French可知咖啡馆的顾客中不光有游客，也有法国当地人。故选A。
【真题 5】【2021年新高考2卷】
If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly. ____16____
·Befre yu pen the bk, make sure that yu are cmfrtable. Yu need a seat which supprts yur back and the bk shuld be at the right distance frm yur eyes. ____17____
____18____ Lk at the table f cntents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help yu t decide whether yu really need t read the whle bk r nly certain parts f it. Ten minutes spent in this way culd save yu quite a lt f time in the lng run.
If yu decide that yu need t read the whle bk, decide hw much yu can read at a time. ____19____ A histry bk which may cntain the facts in stry frm will be easier t read than ne dealing with scientific subjects. In the frmer case yu may be able t read a chapter. In the latter yu may nly be able t read ne page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside yu. ____20____Nte als the facts imprtant fr yur purpse as well as anything which leads yu t further research. Yu dn't have t write these things in detail. It is enugh t put the page number and ne r tw wrds as a reminder .
A. Stp t have a rest nw and then.
B. Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.
C. This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.
D. Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.
E. Make a nte f any page which is f special imprtance.
F. Yu may find yurself having t leam smething by heart.
G. Keep the rm cl rather than warm t avid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Befre yu pen the bk, make sure that yu are cmfrtable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the rm cl rather than warm t avid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Lk at the table f cntents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If yu decide that yu need t read the whle bk, decide hw much yu can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A histry bk which may cntain the facts in stry frm will be easier t read than ne dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside yu.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a nte f any page which is f special imprtance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
【真题 6】【2021年全国甲卷】
Yu keep hearing abut recycling, right? But it desn't end with bttles, cans, and paper. Clthing takes a huge amunt f natural resurces （资源） t make, and buying lads f new clthing (r thrwing ut ld clthing) is nt healthy fr the envirnment. S what t d with all thse perfectly-gd-but-yu're-maybe-a-little-sick-f-them clthes piled n yur bedrm flr? 1 . It's the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends n the selectin f clthes, the rganizatin f the event, and, bviusly, hw much fun is had. It's really easy t d! Here are a few pinters.
• Invite 5-10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. 2 , and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
• 3 . They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their "new" clthes hme.
• Put different types f clthing n different surfaces in the rm. 4 . Place a few mirrrs arund yur rm s peple can see hw things lk when they try them n. One f the grund rules f the swap shuld be that everyne must try n the clthes befre they take them —things always lk different when yu put them n.
• Set a starting time. Maybe yu say "g, " r turn n a certain sng, r whatever. 5 . And dn't frget t put ut sme ckies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A.Less peple than that
B.Hld a clthing swap
C.If tw peple are cmpeting
D.Just keep music playing thrughut
E.Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F.Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G.Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
【文章大意】：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何进行旧衣服的分类和处理，以使衣服得到循环利用。
1 ：B。考查过渡句。空后句意为这是最好的方法摆脱你的旧衣服，得分从你的朋友，并有一个聚会，所有在同一时间。此空前一句作者提出问题：那么如何处理那些状况良好但你又不喜欢的堆在卧室地板上的衣服呢？再结合下一段开头 "A successful swap一个成功的交换" ，故这里答案选B（举办服装交换派对）。
2 ：A。考查过渡句。根据分号后面的句式 "mre than that, and…" , 说明空格应该选和其一致的句式， "Less peple than that" 正好对应了此句式。带入验证，翻译：人比这少，可能没有足够的东西可供选择；不仅如此，它变得无法控制。可知正符合。故选A。
3 ：G。考查开头句。根据空后 "They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their "new" clthes hme. " 他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把 "新" 衣服带回家。从als可以得知，大家应该把衣服带来，故选G。
4 ：F。考查过渡句。空前句意为把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。空后句意为在你的房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们在试穿时就能看到东西的样子。由此推之，这里应该是让大家把各自的衣服放在房间合适的地方，故选F。
5 ：D。考查过渡句。此空前一句意为 "或许你可以说开始或者打开某首歌曲或者别的什么"。由此可以推之，这里应该是把音乐循环播放。故选D。
【真题 7】【2021年全国乙卷】
Accrding t Jessica Hagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it's nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if yu're ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu're wandering int smebdy's huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
Peple lve t talk abut themselves. If yu can start the cnversatin with a questin ther than "What d yu d fr a living? ", yu'll be able t get a lt mre interesting cnversatin ut f whmever it is yu're talking t. 2 , it can bring in "I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle" r "I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back." It just pens up cnversatin.
3 ? If yu can't take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx（讲台）. If yu're the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. 4 .
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment （赞扬）. 5 . Just quickly turn arund and say, "This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it."
S being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.Hw d yu knw the hst
B.The first step is t g explring
C.If yu ask the questin "Hw did yu get here?"
D.Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E.Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F.What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn't stp talking
G.He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在宴会上如何使自己变得有趣、避免尴尬和沉默的一些具体做法，如积极地提出问题，赞美主人等。
【解析】
1 ：B。考查段首空。解题语句：空后段落内容。分析题目可知，空后的内容ut f yur cmfrt zne, shw up and be adventurus与B选项中g explring构成同义替换。故选B。
2 ：C。考查段中空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后vehicle和bus均为交通方式，又结合前文start the cnversatin with a questin可知，该空应为提问客人是如何到达的。故选C。
3 ：F。考查段首空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后一句can't take their wine away与F选项中t much t drink构成同义替换以及take away their sapbx与F选项中wn't stp talking构成同义替换。故选F。
4 ：E。考查段尾空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文if yu're the hst, yu can…是在对应付饮酒过量或话很多的一类人提出的一种处理方式，E选项… where they have little t say是在提出另外一种解决方式。故选E。
5 ：G。考查段中空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文提到碰到大家都沉默的情况下，缓解尴尬的方式是对主人提出赞扬，空后给出具体方式。空前awkward silence与G选项awkwardness构成同义替换，G选项中He r she指代前文hst。故选G。
【真题 8】【2021年6月浙江卷】
Yu've gt mail…and it's a pstcard
Paul Magalhaes, a 34-year-ld Prtuguese cmputer engineer, lves t pen his mailbx and find a brightly clred picture f Rme's Clsseum. Or Africa's Victria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. 1
"I ften send pstcards t family and friends, " he says t China Daily, "but yu can imagine that after a while, yu never receive as many as yu send, and yu realize that nt everyne is int it, 2 " Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline, Many wuld say the Internet is a place fr peple wh have given up n the traditinal pstal service, but Paul's hunch（直觉）paid ff.
Tday his hbby has develped int the website pstcrssing. cm, a scial netwrk that has grwn t 575, 217 registered users in 214 cuntries and regins since he started it 10 years ag. 3 Running the website has almst turned int a full-time jb.
Language is certainly a barrier fr many peple. Fr pstcrssing t wrk wrldwide, a cmmn cmmunicatin language is needed s that everyne can understand each ther. As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn't wrk if ne desn't understand it. 4 S a cmmn language is required and in pstcrssing that's English since it's widely spken.
"Many peple in China have limited expsure t Engish. 5 That said, we knw f many pstcrssing members, including Chinese, wh have actually imprved their English skills thrugh their use f pstcrssing. " Paul says.
A.And that's ttally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C.He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D.Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E.On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F.Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G.In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
【文章大意】一位热爱明信片的电脑工程师把这项热爱发展成了他的全职事业，并介绍了一些写明信片的困难和益处。
【解析】
1.G。考查与上文的联系。前文以具体形象的例子表现主人公对明信片的喜爱：lves pen…and find a brightly clred picture f…，r…r…，这些brightly clred pictures正是明信片。因此，下一句进行总结。In shrt简言之，就是上文的概括，概括为lves pstcards and the excitement…喜欢明信片，喜欢收到远方朋友手写卡片的兴奋感。故选G项。
2 ：A。考查前后文联系。上文说 "你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢明信片"，下文说 "寻找其他志同道合的人……" 表示主人公接受上文所讲事实，然后才能和有共同兴趣的人继续自己的爱好。A项 "这完全没问题" 正是表示主人公接受这一点。故选A项。
3 ：E。考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写主人公将自己的爱好发展成了一个成功的社交网站。前文的各项数据也和E项的数据衔接自然，都是在介绍这个网站的成功；同时，这些数据的量都很大，使得空白后 "运营这个网站几乎成了全职工作" 成为必然的结果。故选E项。
4 ：F。考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写对于写明信片来说，语言可能是一个障碍。4空前是具体的论据 "尽管收到一封用中文写的明信片很酷，但如果收信人不理解中文的话，这个明信片就没什么意义" 。紧接着加F项 "类似地，如果你只讲中文，收到一封瑞典语的明信片也会让乐趣大打折扣" 同样都是对段落主旨的论证，而在衔接上用了similarly也很自然，故选F项。
5 ：B。考查与上文的联系。前文说 "很多中国人对英语的接触有限"，这导致用英语写明信片比较难，正是B项所说 "那使得学习和练习写英语明信片尤其得难"。选项中That指代上文的句子；而句尾的it指代上一段段尾句English is required in pstcrssing。B项与上文衔接紧密，故选B项。
【真题 9】【2020·全国卷I】
A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want it… t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. 36. Here’s a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
●37. D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn;yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
●Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. We are ften ashamed f ur shrtcmings, ur mistakes and ur failures. 38. Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd have dne better, why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate (有同情心) respnse? ＂That didn’t g as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday. 39.
●Nw that yu’ve listed yur strengths, list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn’t feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself. 40. Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember, yu are nly human.
E. Set an intentin fr self-acceptance.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.B 根据题目A Few Tips fr Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where d yu start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
37.F 根据下文Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly ne in this wrld.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
38. D根据本文的中心句Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, yu are nly human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
39. C根据上文List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
40.A 结合上文Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn't feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
【真题 10】【2020·全国卷II】
Emji(表情符号) and Wrkplace Cmmunicatin
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. 36. . It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
Written cmmunicatins can ften read as cld and dull. Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear. 37. , encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.
In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge. 38. . While the yunger generatins prefer t cmmunicate visually, fr thse used t wrking with traditinal tls like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The gd news is that it’s simple t learn and can be wrth the effrt.
There is als the matter f tne(语气). Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? 39. . Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
40. , and emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. And when yur emplyees begin adding smiling emjis t their business cmmunicatin, yu’ll knw yu have succeeded in imprving yur wrk culture.
A. Message with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E.Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F.Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G.An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.D 根据前句“In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。
37. A根据前句“Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emjis feel mre cnversatinal. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
38.G 根据前句“In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd,”与选择项中“all wrk generatins”是一致的。故选G。
39.B 根据前句“ Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
40. F根据后句“and Emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
【真题 11】【2020·全国卷III】
A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the party. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. 36. And it is gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpeful presents.
37. Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal stres. Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
38. This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn’t a lt f fd served. There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party. The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. 39.
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift. 40. Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn’t use fires t keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F.The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G.This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.
【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36.E 上句 The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37. B下文Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece f art r a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
38.C 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn' t a lt f fd served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
39. A本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
40.G 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewd t a new hme as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
【真题 12】【2020·山东卷】
Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking.16. D yu want t be a gd public speaker? Here are sme principles yu must master.
Peple want t listen t smene wh is interesting, relaxed and cmfrtable. T ften when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the “public”at the expense f the”speaking. “ 17. Fcus n the speaking. Talk directly t yur audience, be yurself and make a cnnectin.
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact,mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message. S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.18.
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
20. It’s rare t hear smene say, “I wish that speaker had spken lnger. “On the ther hand, yu prbably can’t cunt the times that yu’ve thught, “I’m glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever! “S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated. It’s better t leave yur listeners wishing fr mre than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting fr yur speech finally t end.
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’ t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E.The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience
F.Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners
G.Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.G 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
17.A 下句Fcus n the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项D the ppsite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
18.C 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
19. B本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
20.D 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
【真题 13】【2020·浙江卷】
I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 31. His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 32. I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children’s bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. 33.
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 34. I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait(特点) thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
35. My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They’re all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E. Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F.Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G.My lder brther culdn’t be bthered t play with me.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
31.G 设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brther”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
32. D根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
33.A 根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
34.F 根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
35.E 根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
【模拟题 1】【2022·河北·模拟预测】
It happens t all f us and can be beynd annyance, s why d we itch? Yu knw the feeling: There’s that spt n yur arm, leg r back that just itches and begs fr a deep, satisfying scratch. ____1____ N matter hw much yu scratch, it just can’t be satisfied.
As we all knw, itchy skin is a sensatin that makes us want t scratch—but as sn as yu satisfy that need, yu set ff smething called the itch-scratch cycle.____2____
The main reasn that yu feel itchy is that the skin cells r nerve endings near yur skin have becme annyed. ____3____ When yu itch, yu give yurself a scratch, the area f the bdy that yu have scratched releases chemicals including histamine, and it makes yu itch mre. That’s why we use antihistamines fr allergic reactins but they can als help fr insect bites and things like that.
____4____ The drier yur skin becmes, the mre likely the skin gets itchy. Hwever, it is smetimes caused nt frm the skin, but frm what yu see r hear. When yu hear smene else scratching their skin, r when yu see images that suggest itch, like a picture f being bitten by a msquit, yu get the urge t scratch. Peple with the allergic cnditin seem t be mre easily affected than thse withut the cnditin.____5____
A．Causes f itchy skin.
B．It is usually caused by dry skin.
C．It means yu are ging t end up feeling itchier.
D．Frtunately, there are ways yu can get rid f it.
E．Being aware f this phenmenn can help interrupt its effect.
F．But yu knw giving in t that desire will nly result in mre prblems.
G．Once yu start scratching, yur bdy creates a chemical reactin that makes yu itchier.
1．F2．C3．G4．B5．E
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了普通皮肤瘙痒的症状以及皮肤越抓越痒的恶性循环、生理机制和诱因。
1．根据上文“It happens t all f us and can be beynd annyance, s why d we itch? Yu knw the feeling: There’s that spt n yur arm, leg r back that just itches and begs fr a deep, satisfying scratch.(我们每个人都有过这种经历，而且可能忍无可忍，那么为什么我们会痒呢？你知道这种感觉：你手臂上、腿上或后背上的某个地方发痒，想要深深的、令人满意的抓挠)”以及后文“N matter hw much yu scratch, it just can’t be satisfied.(不管你怎么挠，它就是不能满足)”可知，上文提到了发痒的问题，后文则说怎么挠都不会满足，可见抓挠并不能解决问题。故F选项“但是你知道向欲望屈服只会导致更多的问题”符合语境，故选F。
2．根据上文“As we all knw, itchy skin is a sensatin that makes us want t scratch—but as sn as yu satisfy that need, yu set ff smething called the itch-scratch cycle.(我们都知道，皮肤发痒是一种让我们想要抓挠的感觉——但一旦你满足了这种需求，你就会启动一种叫做抓挠循环的东西)”可知，上文提出了“抓挠循环”的概念，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文解释这一说法：这意味着你最终会感到更痒。故C选项“这意味着你最终会感到更痒”符合语境，故选C。
3．根据上文“The main reasn that yu feel itchy is that the skin cells r nerve endings near yur skin have becme annyed.(你感到发痒的主要原因是你皮肤附近的皮肤细胞或神经末梢被惹恼了)”以及后文“When yu itch, yu give yurself a scratch, the area f the bdy that yu have scratched releases chemicals including histamine, and it makes yu itch mre. That’s why we use antihistamines fr allergic reactins but they can als help fr insect bites and things like that.(当你发痒时，你会挠自己，被挠的部位会释放包括组胺在内的化学物质，这会让你更痒。这就是为什么我们使用抗组胺药来治疗过敏反应，但它们也可以帮助治疗昆虫叮咬之类的事情)”可知，后文提到了被挠的部位会释放包括组胺在内的化学物质，说明抓挠会让身体产生化学反应，G选项中chemical对应后文中chemicals。故G选项“一旦你开始抓挠，你的身体就会产生一种化学反应，让你更痒”符合语境，故选G。
4．根据后文“The drier yur skin becmes, the mre likely the skin gets itchy.(你的皮肤越干燥，就越容易发痒)”可知，后文提到了皮肤干燥会引起发痒，B选项中dry对应后文中drier。故B选项“它通常是由皮肤干燥引起的”符合语境，故选B。
5．根据上文“When yu hear smene else scratching their skin, r when yu see images that suggest itch, like a picture f being bitten by a msquit, yu get the urge t scratch. Peple with the allergic cnditin seem t be mre easily affected than thse withut the cnditin.(当你听到别人在挠他们的皮肤，或者当你看到有痒的图片，比如被蚊子咬的图片，你就会有抓痒的冲动。有过敏症状的人似乎比没有过敏症状的人更容易受到影响)”可知，上文列举了一些会导致抓痒的情况，且提到有过敏症状的人似乎比没有过敏症状的人更容易受到影响，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明认识到这些现象的作用：帮助打断它的影响。故E选项“意识到这个现象可以有助于阻断它的影响”符合语境，故选E。
【模拟题2】【2022·辽宁·一模】
There are many csts f having a negative attitude in the wrkplace. Emplyees wh dn't feel appreciated wrk less prductively. They can have cnflicts with ther members. Negative bsses spread their bad feelings t emplyees. Here are sme ways t develp a psitive spirit in yur wrkplace.
Be a mdel f kindness and respect. Emplyees lk up t their bsses fr an example f hw t behave in the wrkplace. ____6____ It is far better t be patient, kind, and respectful. This is a great way t bring psitivity t the wrkplace.
____7____ When emplyees are thanked fr their gd wrk, it gives them a warm feeling. Everyne likes t be appreciated, and emplyees ften til(辛苦工作) fr years withut being thanked fr their hard wrk. Even “thank yu” and a hand-shake g a lng way tward making an emplyee feel appreciated.
Make gals clear fr everyne. Having a cncrete gal t wrk tward gives emplyees directin and psitivity in the wrkplace. Emplyees like t knw that their hard wrk is directed tward a particular end. ____8____ This can be as simple as expressing yur pride during a staff meeting.
Put n a smile. Even if yu’re having a difficult day, yu can spread psitivity by smiling. When a bss is smiling, their emplyees find reasns t smile, t.____9____
Have an ffice wellness prgram. Have yur human resurces staff arrange a fitness prgram fr yur emplyees. ____10____ Dn't be punitive(惩罚性的) and tiring. Letting yur emplyees have a break t relax will make them happier and mre prductive.
A．Make it fun.
B．Encurage cmmunicatin.
C．Have an attitude f gratitude.
D．When the gals are reached, have a little celebratin.
E．When emplyees are nt listened t, they feel unappreciated.
F．If the bss is disrespectful, that will becme part f the cmpany culture.
G．Dealing with a bss wh is always serius makes the emplyees difficult t wrk with.
6．F7．C8．D9．G10．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了一些在工作场所培养积极精神的方法。
6．根据上文“Be a mdel f kindness and respect. Emplyees lk up t their bsses fr an example f hw t behave in the wrkplace.(做一个善良和尊重的榜样。员工敬仰老板，将其作为职场行为的榜样)”以及后文“It is far better t be patient, kind, and respectful. This is a great way t bring psitivity t the wrkplace.(耐心、善良和尊重是更好的选择。这是一个为工作场所带来积极情绪的好方法)”可知，上文说明了老板是榜样，可推测本句是在对此无礼的情况进行假设，故F选项“如果老板无礼，这将成为公司文化的一部分”符合语境，故选F。
7．根据后文“When emplyees are thanked fr their gd wrk, it gives them a warm feeling. Everyne likes t be appreciated, and emplyees ften til fr years withut being thanked fr their hard wrk. Even “thank yu” and a hand-shake g a lng way tward making an emplyee feel appreciated.(当员工因为他们的出色工作而被感谢时，这给了他们一种温暖的感觉。每个人都喜欢被欣赏，而员工们辛苦工作多年却常常得不到感谢。即使是一句“谢谢你”和一个握手也能让员工感到自己受到了赏识)”可知，本段主要说明了要学会感恩，以及感恩的重要性。故C选项“要有感恩的态度”符合语境，故选C。
8．根据上文“Emplyees like t knw that their hard wrk is directed tward a particular end.(员工喜欢知道他们的努力工作是为了一个特定的目标)”以及后文“This can be as simple as expressing yur pride during a staff meeting.(这可以简单到在员工会议上表达你的骄傲)”可知，上文提到了为了目标努力工作，可知本句是在说明目标达成的情况。故D选项“当目标达成时，庆祝一下”符合语境，故选D。
9．根据上文“Put n a smile. Even if yu’re having a difficult day, yu can spread psitivity by smiling. When a bss is smiling, their emplyees find reasns t smile, t.(面带微笑。即使你度过了艰难的一天，你也可以通过微笑传播正能量。当老板微笑时，他们的员工也会找到微笑的理由)”可知，本段说明了老板微笑的重要性，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明老板严肃的不良影响。故G选项“和一个总是很严肃的老板打交道会让员工很难相处”符合语境，故选G。
10．根据上文“Have an ffice wellness prgram. Have yur human resurces staff arrange a fitness prgram fr yur emplyees.(制定一个办公室健康计划。让你的人力资源人员为你的员工安排一个健身计划)”以及后文“Dn't be punitive and tiring. Letting yur emplyees have a break t relax will make them happier and mre prductive.(不要惩罚别人，也不要让人觉得累。让你的员工休息放松会让他们更快乐，更有效率)”可知，后文提到了健身计划不要惩罚别人，也不要让人觉得累，可见要轻松有趣。故A选项“让它变得有趣”符合语境，故选A。
【模拟题 3】【2022·安徽·模拟预测】
Perhaps all f us want t leave gd impressins n thers at wrk. These impressins are like labels pinned n us, but ne f the best may be “knwledgeable”. If yu sund knwledgeable, yu’ll be taken seriusly at meetings and elsewhere. ____11____ The fllwing ways may be helpful.
____12____
If yu want t sund knwledgeable, frm a single idea frm the material yu’ve gathered, and deliver it clearly. N mater hw much yu knw n a tpic, the secret t audience engagement is t put it dwn t a single, cnvincing idea.
Say, “Here’s what I believe ...” Or “My pint is this ...” Be sure t state this idea in ne shrt, sharply fcused sentence. ____13____
Prvide a clear structure.
Once yu state yur idea, make the depth f yur knwledge clear by ffering prf pints that supprt yur ne idea. ____14____ They include Reasns, Ways, Steps in a Prcess, r a Challenge/Respnse. Give yur listeners clear signpsts as yu prceed thrugh yur structure. Use tags like “the first reasn,” “the secnd reasn,” r “The challenge we faced ...” and “Our respnse was ...
Simplify yur language.
The simpler yur wrds and sentences, the mre prfund yu’ll sund. Suppse a clleague reprting n a prject says: “The satisfactin f all parameters implicates the cmpletin f the prject mandate by Q4.” Hearing that, yu have every right t be puzzled. A truly knwledgeable clleague wuld simply say: “We expect t cmplete this prject by year end.”
____15____ Therefre, yu’d better chse simple wrds and shrt sentences. As Winstn Churchill said, “Shrt wrds are best, and the ld wrds when shrt are best f all”.
A．Chse prper materials.
B．True wisdm lies in simplicity.
C．Bil it dwn t ne message.
D．But what is a knwledgeable persn like?
E．These pints can be rganized in a variety f ways.
F．But what exactly des it take t sund knwledgeable?
G．it will center yur audience n a single meaningful thught.
11．F12．C13．G14．E15．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何听起来知识渊博，能在会议和其他场合受到重视的方法。
11．由上文“If yu sund knwledgeable, yu’ll be taken seriusly at meetings and elsewhere. (如果你听起来知识渊博，你会在会议和其他场合受到重视)”和下文“The fllwing ways may be helpful. (以下方法可能会有所帮助)”可知，上文围绕“sunding knwledgeable (听起来知识渊博)”的好处展开，而下文则是提供方法，空处的内容应起到承上启下的作用，提出要想“sunding knwledgeable (听起来知识渊博)”需要怎么做这一问题，承接上下文，F选项“但要让自己听起来知识渊博，到底需要什么？”切题。故选F项。
12．考查段落主旨。由下文“If yu want t sund knwledgeable, frm a single idea frm the material yu’ve gathered, and deliver it clearly. N mater hw much yu knw n a tpic, the secret t audience engagement is t put it dwn t a single, cnvincing idea. (如果你想让自己听起来知识渊博，从你收集的材料中形成一个想法，并清晰地表达出来。无论你对一个话题了解多少，让听众参与的秘诀就是把它归结为一个单一的、令人信服的想法)”和“Be sure t state this idea in ne shrt, sharply fcused sentence. (一定要用一句简短、重点突出的句子来陈述这个想法)”可知，该段落主旨是“用一句简要有重点的话表达观点”，承接下文，C选项“把要表达的观点浓缩成一句话。”切题。故选C项。
13．考查总结句。由上文“Say, “Here’s what I believe ...” Or “My pint is this ...” Be sure t state this idea in ne shrt, sharply fcused sentence. (说，“这就是我所相信的……”或者“我的观点是……”一定要用一句简短、重点突出的句子来陈述这个想法)”可知，本段讨论怎么样把自己的意思用精炼的话语传达给听众，该空应该提到这样做的好处和意义，对本段做出总结承接上文，G选项“它会让你的听众集中在一个有意义的想法上。”切题。故选G项。
14．由上文“Once yu state yur idea, make the depth f yur knwledge clear by ffering prf pints that supprt yur ne idea. (一旦你陈述了你的想法，通过提供支持你的一个想法的证据来明确你的知识深度)”和下文“They include Reasns, Ways, Steps in a Prcess, r a Challenge/Respnse. (包括原因、方式、流程步骤或挑战/响应)”可知，本段的主题是“要让自己所说的话有清晰的组织结构”，上文中的“ffering prf pints that supprt yur ne idea”,与选项中的“These pints”呼应，而下文中的“include Reasns, Ways, Steps in a Prcess, r a Challenge/Respnse”是在列举使所说的话有组织的方法，承接上下文，E选项“这些要点可以用多种方式组织。”切题。故选E项。
15．由倒数第二段“The simpler yur wrds and sentences, the mre prfund yu’ll sund. (你的单词和句子越简单，听起来就越深奥)”和下文“Therefre, yu’d better chse simple wrds and shrt sentences. As Winstn Churchill said, “Shrt wrds are best, and the ld wrds when shrt are best f all”. (因此，你最好选择简单的单词和短句。正如温斯顿·丘吉尔所说，“简短的词是最好的，又短又古老的词最最好。”)”可知，这一部分是在讨论“简化语言能更好更清晰地传达意思”，承接下文，B选项“真正的智慧在于清晰明了。”切题。故选B项。
【模拟题 4】【2022·河南洛阳·二模】
Why Yu Shuldn’t Exercise t Lse Weight
Many f us are starting (r restarting) exercise in hpes f lsing unwanted punds. Aiming t be mre active is gd. But if the main reasn is t lse weight, yur New Year’s reslutin culd be very well backfire.
____16____, we ften sur n it and stp wrking ut. In a study f 30 verweight peple wh participated in a 12-week exercise prgram and were interviewed afterward, this respnse was typical: “It was quite disappinting that I didn’t lse a single pund.____17____.”
Perhaps the biggest prblem with exercising t drp punds is that it turns physical activity int punishment—a price we have t pay fr a slimmer bdy. Hw many times have yu heard smene say (r said yurself) “I’ll d extra exercise” after eating t much during the hlidays r at a celebratry dinner?____18____. As a cnsequence, we’re unlikely t enjy it r t keep ding it.
The takeaway is that we see exercise psitively and actually d it when we fcus n ur well-being rather than ur weight. Fr sme, the mtivatin may be an imprved md r less stress. Others may find exercise makes them feel physically and mentally strnger.____19____. It can help reduce the risk f heart disease, cancer, clds, etc. It can als imprve sleep, make yu energetic, and prevent aging. What’s mre, exercise can prevent weight gain and imprve yur appearance.
____20____. It’s perhaps the mst imprtant thing yu can d fr yur health. But t imprve the chances f success, fcus n hw mvement helps yu feel better physically and emtinally—and frget abut hw it mves the needle n the scale.
A．It kind f made me give up
B．S by all means, try t exercise regularly in 2022
C．While it’s nt very helpful fr melting away punds
D．When exercise fails t meet ur weight-lss expectatins
E．The benefits f physical activity are well beynd these aspects
F．We treat exercise as a frm f self-punishment fr being “bad” in the past
G．Fr starters, exercise, at least the kind mst f us d, is typically ineffective fr weight lss
16．D17．A18．F19．E20．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼减肥的错误认知并倡导我们有规律地锻炼。
16．根据后文“we ften sur n it and stp wrking ut.(我们经常对它感到厌烦，停止锻炼。)”可知，停止锻炼前提是我们运动没有效果，没达到目标。D选项“When exercise fails t meet ur weight-lss expectatins(当运动未能达到我们的减肥期望时)”符合题意，故选D。
17．根据前文“It was quite disappinting that I didn’t lse a single pund.(我一磅也没减，真令人失望。)”可知，本句是超重人士未达减肥计划后的感想，可知，他们很想放弃。A选项“It kind f made me give up(这让我有点放弃了)”符合题意，故选A。
18．根据前文“Perhaps the biggest prblem with exercising t drp punds is that it turns physical activity int punishment—a price we have t pay fr a slimmer bdy.(也许通过锻炼来减肥的最大问题是它把体育活动变成了一种惩罚——我们为了苗条的身体不得不付出的代价)”可知，本段介绍的是减肥失败的原因之一是我们把运动当作惩罚。F选项“We treat exercise as a frm f self-punishment fr being “bad” in the past(在过去，我们把锻炼当作一种自我惩罚的方式)”符合题意，故选F。
19．根据前文“Fr sme, the mtivatin may be an imprved md r less stress. Others may find exercise makes them feel physically and mentally strnger.(对一些人来说，动机可能会改善情绪或减轻压力。其他人可能会发现锻炼使他们感到身体和精神上更强壮。)”可知，本段介绍的是运动的好处。E选项“The benefits f physical activity are well beynd these aspects(体育活动的好处远远超过这些方面)”符合题意，故选E。
20．根据后文“It’s perhaps the mst imprtant thing yu can d fr yur health.(这也许是你能为你的健康所做的最重要的事情。)”可知，最后一段是重申本文的观点，要有规律地锻炼。B选项“S by all means, try t exercise regularly in 2022(所以，无论如何，在2022年要有规律地锻炼)”符合题意，故选B。
【模拟题 5】【2022·广东广州·一模】
Hw des it feel when yu slve yur prblem by yurself? Things may nt always g as planned, but being resurceful can help yu stay calm and wrk yur way ut f tricky situatins.
Being resurceful means finding smart and creative ways t slve a prblem, using whatever resurces yu have at the time. ____21____ They can als be anything else that’s useful, such as infrmatin, advice r yur wn experience. It als means trusting yur instincts, the ability yu’re brn with, rather than thrugh training and being cnfident abut yur ability t face challenges. A resurceful persn is nt the ne getting crss r panicking when smething ges wrng. They’re thinking abut hw t slve the prblem.
_____22_____ when we learn t prblem slve fr urselves rather than immediately ging t thers fr help, it can help t build ur cnfidence, help us feel mre independent, and feel better abut making decisins. Being resurceful may nt help yu avid prblems, but thinking creatively abut hw yu can deal with them will make yu feel less stressed and mre prepared next time. _____23_____ This can bst self-esteem, that is, hw yu feel abut yurself.
When yu’re facing a challenge, try t fcus n the actual prblem rather than hw yu feel abut it. Think abut where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many slutins t the prblem as yu can. ____24____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t wrked, s yu’re equipped t deal with a situatin next time.
And remember, if yu have a tricky prblem that yu’re unable t slve, then ask a trusted adult fr help. ____25____
A．Yu als learn what yu’re gd at.
B．Here is hw yu can be mre resurceful.
C．These may be practical things like pens and paper.
D．N ne is expected t slve all prblems by themselves.
E．Resurcefulness is a skill that’s gd fr yu in lts f ways.
F．They can be famus mttes that always inspire us t mve n.
G．Weigh up what’s gd and bad abut each ne and chse the best.
21．C22．E23．A24．G25．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到棘手的问题时的应对方法，要足智多谋，随机应变。
21．根据上一句“Being resurceful means finding smart and creative ways t slve a prblem, using whatever resurces yu have at the time.(足智多谋的意思是找到聪明和创造性的方法来解决问题，利用你目前所拥有的任何资源)”和下文“They can als be anything else that’s useful, such as infrmatin, advice r yur wn experience. （它们也可以是任何其他有用的东西，例如信息、建议或您自己的经验。）”上文提到可以使用拥有的任何资源，下文提到“也可以是其他有用的东西”可知，设空处需要第一次例举这些有用的东西。C选项：这些是像纸和笔一样的实用的东西。与下文的“als”相互呼应。故选C。
22．挖空处在段首，有可能是段落的主旨句。而后面“…it can help t build ur cnfidence, help us feel mre independent, and feel better abut making decisins.(它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好)”及“Being resurceful may nt help yu avid prblems, but thinking creatively abut hw yu can deal with them will make yu feel less stressed and mre prepared next time.(足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分)”主要说的是“being resurceful”带来的好处， E选项意思就是resurcefulness 能带来很多好处。故选E项。
23．该段首句说的是“being resurceful”会对你有好处，前面两句“…it can help t build ur cnfidence, help us feel mre independent, and feel better abut making decisins.(...它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好)”及“Being resurceful may nt help yu avid prblems, but thinking creatively abut hw yu can deal with them will make yu feel less stressed and mre prepared next time.(足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分)”具体列举了“being resurceful”带来的好处，A选项：你还能知道你所擅长的是什么，对自己更加了解，也契合下一句“This can bst self-esteem, that is, hw yu feel abut yurself.这能提高自尊心。这是又一个好处，A项最符合语境。故选A项。
24．该段在讨论遇到困难时，要专注于问题本身，并列出了具体的步骤。上一句“Next, think up as many slutins t the prblem as yu can.(接下来，想出尽可能多的方法来解决问题)”讲的是“尽可能多地想出一些解决措施”，G选项：然后衡量它们的好坏，选出最佳的一个，其中them指代上一句slutins，G项填到此处最合适。故选G项。
25．上一句“And remember, if yu have a tricky prblem that yu’re unable t slve, then ask a trusted adult fr help.(记住，如果你有一个棘手的问题，你无法解决，然后向一个值得信任的成年人寻求帮助)”表示自己实在解决不了，你还可以求助其他人，D选项意为“没有人是被期望要独自解决所有问题的”，与上文意义一致。故填D项。
【模拟题 6】【2022·全国·二模】
Cnfidence is at the heart f every successful persn and it hlds the key t success. Regardless f hw knwledgeable yu are in yur prfessinal field, if yu lack cnfidence yur success will be limited. ____26____ The fllwing are 3 key tricks yu may learn t increase yur cnfidence.
Knw yurself. Take a lng hard lk in the mirrr and make an hnest and accurate assessment f yur strengths and weaknesses. ____27____ as this will increase yur cnfidence. Meanwhile, take an effective apprach tward imprving yur weaknesses. We all have areas in ur prfessinal and persnal lives that need t be imprved. Ignring them des nt make them g away. ____28____
Dress fr success. Whether yu like it r nt, peple make judgments abut yu based upn hw yu dress. Yu nly have ne chance t make a gd first impressin. Frm a cnfidence perspective, hw yu dress directly reflects hw yu feel abut yurself. ____29____ if yu are wearing a business suit r sweat pants and a T-shirt. Therefre, be highly aware f yur appearance. Dress in a manner that reflects wh yu are and hw yu want t be perceived.
____30____. Yu can increase yur cnfidence by seeking ut ne new challenge at a time. Research shws cnfident peple cnsistently seek ut new challenges. Mve n t the next ne when ne challenge is successfully achieved. Success builds upn itself, therefre, success brings success—all fueled by increased cnfidence!
A．Steady as yu g
B．Put pressure n yurself
C．Cntinue t build upn yur strengths
D．Research shws that yu will feel differently abut yurself
E．What yu wear will unintentinally shw yur weaknesses t thse arund yu
F．On the cntrary, it nly hlds back yur success and keeps yur cnfidence lw
G．Actually, cnfidence isn't what yu're brn with, but smething learned ver time
26．G27．C28．F29．D30．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些建立自信的方法。
26．根据后文“The fllwing are 3 key tricks yu may learn t increase yur cnfidence.(你可以学习以下3个关键技巧来增强自信)”可知，后文提到了建立自信的技巧，可见自信是可以培养的。故G选项“事实上，自信并不是与生俱来的，而是随着时间的推移学会的”符合语境，故选G。
27．根据上文“Knw yurself. Take a lng hard lk in the mirrr and make an hnest and accurate assessment f yur strengths and weaknesses.(了解自己。认真地长时间地照照镜子，诚实而准确地评估一下自己的优缺点)”以及后文“as this will increase yur cnfidence.(因为这会增加你的自信)”可知，本句是在说明建立优势来增加自信。故C选项“继续建立你的优势”符合语境，故选C。
28．根据上文“We all have areas in ur prfessinal and persnal lives that need t be imprved. Ignring them des nt make them g away.(我们在工作和个人生活中都有需要改进的地方。忽视它们并不能让它们消失)”可知，上文提到了忽视需要改进的地方不会让它消失，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文继续说明其影响：恰恰相反，它只会阻碍你的成功，让你保持低信心。故F选项“恰恰相反，它只会阻碍你的成功，让你保持低信心”符合语境，故选F。
29．根据上文“. Whether yu like it r nt, peple make judgments abut yu based upn hw yu dress. Yu nly have ne chance t make a gd first impressin. Frm a cnfidence perspective, hw yu dress directly reflects hw yu feel abut yurself.(不管你喜不喜欢，人们会根据你的穿着来判断你。你只有一次机会留下好的第一印象。从自信的角度来看，你的穿着直接反映了你对自己的感觉)”以及后文“if yu are wearing a business suit r sweat pants and a T-shirt(如果你穿的是西装或运动裤和T恤)”可知，后文列举了穿西装或运动裤和T恤两种不同类型的衣服，可知本句旨在说明衣服让自己对自己的不同感觉。故D选项“研究表明，你会对自己有不同的感觉”符合语境，故选D。
30．根据后文“Yu can increase yur cnfidence by seeking ut ne new challenge at a time. Research shws cnfident peple cnsistently seek ut new challenges. Mve n t the next ne when ne challenge is successfully achieved. Success builds upn itself, therefre, success brings success—all fueled by increased cnfidence!(你可以通过每次接受一个新的挑战来增强自信。研究表明，自信的人总是寻求新的挑战。当你成功地完成一个挑战时，就可以继续下一个挑战。成功是建立在自己的基础上的，因此，成功带来成功——这一切都是由更大的信心所推动的！)”可知，本段主旨是通过一次次挑战来建立自信，即通过过程来慢慢建立自信。故A选项“慢慢建立自信”符合语境，故选A。
【模拟题 7】【2022·江苏南通·二模】
I am nt sure hw many bks I have reread,but perhaps it is fewer than the average persn. ____31____ The surce material, thugh, is f curse nt.
I used t take the same apprach t bks as I did t travel: dn't g t the same place twice.Life is t shrt.____32____Then I realized that the fact that life is shrt might wrk the ther way arund, t: if yu knw yu enjy smething,r smewhere, then why nt return?
Recently I reread Jseph Heller's Catch-22.I was inspired t d s when reminded f hw he'd respnd when peple rudely asked him why he'd never written anything as gd:"Wh has?"Catch-22 pretty much saved my life when I first read it.____33____I had drpped ut f schl twice,didn't leave the huse at all and didn't have a life.It felt as thugh I hadn't laughed in such a lng time.
____34____It managed t take me ut f the dark wrld, and thugh its themes are,f curse,serius,its cleverness cheered me greatly.I related t its characters wh are themselves trapped.I am nw planning t reread the srt f bks that inspired me in my wn writing.
I wn't take a break altgether frm reading the mst recent releases.I lve the smell f new bks fresh frm the printers.____35____
A．Catch-22 had me laughing.
B．My favurites are secndhand editins.
C．There is discmfrt in reading recently-released bks.
D．At that time I was an extremely depressed 17-year-ld.
E．Fr me, the pleasure f rereading is a newly discvered ne.
F．There is s much t read and s much t see and experience.
G．Hwever,I have determined t dip mre frequently int the ld nes
31．E32．F33．D34．A35．G
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章通过作者读书的经历，表达了虽然喜欢新书的味道，但还是喜欢重读能够激励自己的旧书的观点。
31．根据上文“I am nt sure hw many bks I have reread, but perhaps it is fewer than the average persn.”(我不知道我重读了多少本书，但可能比一般人少。)提到作者不知道自己重读了多少书籍可知，后面紧接着要说重读对于作者的意义。E项“Fr me, the pleasure f rereading is a newly discvered ne.(对我来说，重读的乐趣是新发现的。)”符合语境。故选E。
32．上文“I used t take the same apprach t bks as I did t travel: dn't g t the same place twice. Life is t shrt.”(我过去对待书籍和旅行的态度是一样的：不要去同一个地方两次。生命太短暂了。)说明之前作者对待书籍和对待旅行的态度是一样的，作者不会去同一个地方，不读同一本书，是因为生命太短暂，需要经历的东西太多。F项“There is s much t read and s much t see and experience.(有太多的东西要读，太多的东西要看和经历。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
33．根据下文“I had drpped ut f schl twice, didn't leave the huse at all and didn't have a life.”(我曾两次辍学，根本没有离开家，没有生活。)可知，这里作者讲述了自己的故事，D项“At that time I was an extremely depressed 17-year-ld.(当时我17岁，极度抑郁。)”符合语境。故选D。
34．根据下文“It managed t take me ut f the dark wrld, and thugh its themes are, f curse, serius, its cleverness cheered me greatly.”(它成功地把我带出了黑暗的世界，当然，尽管它的主题是严肃的，但它的智慧让我大受鼓舞。)可知，本段要介绍一本能够激励作者的书。A项“Catch-22 had me laughing.(《第二十二条军规》让我笑了。)”符合语境。故选A。
35．上文“I wn't take a break altgether frm reading the mst recent releases. I lve the smell f new bks fresh frm the printers.”(我不会完全从阅读最新版本中休息。我喜欢刚从印刷厂出来的新书的味道。)说道作者喜欢新书的味道，结合倒数第二段最后一句“I am nw planning t reread the srt f bks that inspired me in my wn writing.”(我现在正计划重读那些启发我写作的书。)可推测此处应该表转折，表达“自己还是喜欢重读旧书”。G项“Hwever, I have determined t dip mre frequently int the ld nes.(然而，我决定更频繁地使用旧的。)”符合语境。故选G。
【模拟题 8】【2022·内蒙古·包头市第四中学一模】
In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are knwn as “platinum anniversaries (铂金婚)”. ____36____ Fr example, celebrating the first year f marriage is knwn as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty years f marriage marks a “gld anniversary”. And the term “diamnd anniversary” is used t describe a marriage that has lasted fr 60 years.
____37____ In the US, peple give gifts t cuples when they reach certain years f their marriage. The first year anniversary is marked by giving the cuple a clck. ____38____ And they can get musical instruments when they reach their 24th anniversary.
____39____ In Canada, cuples can receive a message frm the cuntry’s gvernr-general (总督) n their 50th anniversary, and n every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting t cuples that reach their 50th anniversary,and fr every anniversary after that.
____40____ Or perhaps the truly cl thing is celebrating such a lng life full f lve and happiness with yur special smene.
A．If tw peple reach their 10th anniversary, they can expect t receive diamnd jewelry.
B．Peple in different cuntries have their wn ways f celebrating wedding anniversaries.
C．The 25th wedding anniversary is ppularly referred t as the “silver anniversary”
D．In Canada and the US, cuples can even receive special cngratulatins frm wrld leaders n certain anniversaries.
E．Peple ften celebrate their wedding anniversary by having dinner at an expensive restaurant.
F．In fact, there are many different terms that are used t describe different marriage lengths.
G．Hw cl wuld it be t get a letter frm the president?
36．F37．B38．A39．D40．G
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。不同的文化背景下，庆祝结婚纪念日的方式也有所不同。文章介绍了美国、加拿大人是如何庆祝他们不同阶段的结婚纪念日的。
36．根据上文“In the United States and Britain, 70th wedding anniversaries are knwn as “platinum anniversaries (铂金婚)”.(在美国和英国，70周年结婚纪念日被称为“铂金婚”)”及下文“Fr example, celebrating the first year f marriage is knwn as a “paper anniversary”. Fifty years f marriage marks a “gld anniversary”. And the term “diamnd anniversary” is used t describe a marriage that has lasted fr 60 years.(例如，庆祝结婚的第一年被称为“纸婚纪念日”。 结婚五十年标志着一个“黄金周年”。 而“钻石纪念日”一词则用来形容一段持续了60年的婚姻)”可知，除了“铂金婚”还有其他结婚纪念日的术语。由此可知，F. In fact, there are many different terms that are used t describe different marriage lengths.(事实上，有很多不同的术语用来描述不同的婚姻长度)能够承上启下，符合此处语境。故选F。
37．根据下文“In the US, peple give gifts t cuples when they reach certain years f their marriage.(在美国，人们会在夫妻步入婚姻的某一阶段时给他们送礼物)”及“In Canada, cuples can receive a message frm the cuntry’s gvernr-general (总督) n their 50th anniversary, and n every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting t cuples that reach their 50th anniversary, and fr every anniversary after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。 在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，此处介绍的是不同国家的人如何庆祝他们的结婚纪念日。由此可知，B. Peple in different cuntries have their wn ways f celebrating wedding anniversaries.(不同国家的人有不同的庆祝结婚纪念日的方式)能够顺承下文，符合此处语境，且B选项中的“different cuntries”与下文的the US和Canada相对应。故选B。
38．根据上文“The first year anniversary is marked by giving the cuple a clck.(一周年纪念日的标志是送给这对夫妇一个时钟)”及下文“And they can get musical instruments when they reach their 24th anniversary.(当他们达到24周年时，他们可以得到乐器)”可知，在不同的结婚纪念日人们会送不同的礼物。由此可知，A. If tw peple reach their 10th anniversary, they can expect t receive diamnd jewelry.(如果两个人结婚满10周年，他们可以收到钻石首饰)符合此处语境，介绍的是结婚10周年时人们送什么礼物。故选A。
39．根据下文“In Canada, cuples can receive a message frm the cuntry’s gvernr-general (总督) n their 50th anniversary, and n every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting t cuples that reach their 50th anniversary, and fr every anniversary after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，在加拿大和美国在结婚纪念日时，人们会收到领导人的祝贺。由此可知，D. In Canada and the US, cuples can even receive special cngratulatins frm wrld leaders n certain anniversaries.(在加拿大和美国，情侣们甚至可以在某些纪念日收到来自领导人的特别祝贺)符合此处语境。故选D。
40．根据上文“In Canada, cuples can receive a message frm the cuntry’s gvernr-general (总督) n their 50th anniversary, and n every fifth anniversary after that. In the US, the president himself will send a greeting t cuples that reach their 50th anniversary, and fr every anniversary after that.(在加拿大，夫妻可以在结婚 50 周年时收到该国总督的信息，之后的每五周年都如此。在美国，总统本人会向结婚 50 周年的夫妇致以问候，并且包括之后的每个周年纪念日)”可知，在加拿大和美国在结婚纪念日时，人们会收到领导人的祝贺。再根据下文“Or perhaps the truly cl thing is celebrating such a lng life full f lve and happiness with yur special smene.(或者，也许真正酷的事情是与你的另一半庆祝充满爱和幸福的一生)”可知，相比收到国家领导人的祝贺，也许真正酷的事情是与你的另一半庆祝充满爱和幸福的一生。由此可知，G. Hw cl wuld it be t get a letter frm the president?(收到总统的信会有多酷？)能够承上启下，符合此处语境。故选G。
原词复现是指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。如：“lks”与“lking”“lked”；“g”与“ging”“went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词语。因此，要学会寻找空格前后句句中的相同关键词。
为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子；they指代复数名词；nes泛指复数名词。还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。
派生词重复信息是指文中选项位置的前后两句中出现意义相关的派生词，因表达的需要而重复出现一到两次，重复出现的过程中，上下文存在着逻辑关系，起着前后衔接作用，这有利于做题时锁定关键词，找出正确答案。
此处的同义多指意义相同或相近的词、词组或句子，如rm和space。
顾名思义，此处指上下文中有互为相反词义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。