高考英语语法词汇专项突破:简单介词与复合介词全解读+巩固训练
展开答案与解析:t。考查介词。根据“Frm Buddhist temples t museums”可知,空处和上文保持一致,表示“从……到……”,用介词t。故填t。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿,它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史,甚至从它的布局来看,这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。
【考题2】(2023▪全国甲卷)She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility saving their envirnment.
答案与解析:fr。考查介词。短语take respnsibility fr意思是“对……负责”。故填fr。句意:她警告社会面临的环境危险,并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。
【考题3】(2022新高考全国I卷)Giant pandas als serve an umbrella species(物种), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.
答案与解析:as。考查介词。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语serve as,意为“充当”,故空处应填介词as。故填as。句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。
【考题4】(2020浙江6月卷)Sme time after 10,000 BC,peple made the first real attempt t cntrl the wrld they lived ,thrugh agriculture.
答案与解析:in。考查介词。分析句式看出“they lived _____”应是名词the wrld 的定语从句,定语从句引导词被省略,可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语,即:they lived in the wrld. live in+名词,意为“居住在某地”。故填in。句意:公元前10000年以后,人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。
【考题5】(2020浙江1月卷)This aging f the ppulatin is driven tw factrs.
答案与解析:by。考查介词。表示“由;被”应用介词by。故填by。句意:人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。
[介词解读]
高考对于介词的考查主要集中在一些名词、形容词、动词与介词的搭配上,尤其是在一些短语中,搭配不同的介词就会产生不同的词义。本文所提供的介词的意义只是一些较为常见和容易考到的词义,不可能把全部词义列出,限于篇幅例句将不在列出。
介词一般不可以单独使用,但是介词构成的短语可以在句中作状语,定语,表语,宾语补足语,主语补足语。英语中的介词按其构成形式分为简单介词和复合介词。下面将列表说明。
一、简单介词
二、复合介词
巩固练习:
第一组试题:
1. (XXXX 浙江,21) The winter f XXXX was extremely bad. _______ mst peple say it was the wrst winter f their lives.
A. At last B. In fact C. In a wrd D. As a result
2. ( XXXX 福建, 26) I'd like t buy a huse--mdern, cmfrtable, and ______--- in a quiet neighbr-hd.
A. in all B. abve all C. after all D. at all
3. (XXXX,福建,30)It was pity that the great writer died ______ his wrks unfinished.
A. fr B. with C. frm D. f
4. (XXXX 北京,33) They had a pleasant chat______ a cup f cffee.
A. fr B. with C. during D. ver
5. (XXXX 上海, 26)The cnference has been held t discuss the effect f turism _______ the wild life in the area.
A. in B. n C. at D. with
6. (XXXX 上海春招, 22) The speech by the mayr f Shanghai befre the final vting fr EXPO 2010 is strngly impressed ______ my memry.
A. t B. ver C. by D. n
7. (NMET XXXX 北京,33)--What d yu want _______ thse ld bxes?
--T put things in when I mve t the new flat.
A. by B. fr C. f D. with
8. (NMET XXXX 北京春招.23) --- Yu are s lucky.
--What d yu mean __ that?
A. fr B. in C. f *D. by
9. (XXXX 上海,22) Luckily, the bullet narrwly missed the captain __ an inch.
A. by B. at C. t D. frm
10. (NMET XXXX,27) The hme imprvements have taken what little there is ______ my spare time.
A. frm B. in C. f D. at
11. (NMET XXXX,18) ________ prductin up by 60%, the cmpany has had anther excellent year.
A. As B. Fr C. With D. Thrugh
12. (NMET XXXX,23) Yur perfrmance in the driving test didn't reach the required standard-- ________ ,yu failed.
A. in the end B. after all C. in ther wrds D. at the same time
13. (XXXX 上海,ll) The number f the emplyees has grwn frm 1 000 t 1 200. This means it has risen _______ 20 percent.
A. by B. at C. t D. with
14. (XXXX 上海,17)I wanted tw seats ________ Madame Curie fr Friday night, s I rang the cinema t see if I culd bk tw tickets.
A. f B. abut C. t D. fr
15. (NMET XXXX,11) The train leaves at 6:00 p. m.. S I have t be at the statin ________ 5:40 p.m. at the latest.
A. until B. after C. by D. arund
16. (XXXX 上海, 14) Fr miles arund me, there was nthing but a desert, withut a single tree ________.
A. in sight B. n earth
C. at a distance D. in place
17. (XXXX 上海,24) Cme and see me ________ tw r three _________
A. fr; clays B. after; days
C. in; days' time D. during; day time
18. (METXXXX) We ffered his ur cngratulatins ____ his passing the cllege exams.
A. at B. n C. fr D. f
19. (NMETXXXX) --- Hw lng has this bkshp been in business?
--- ________ XXXX.
A. After B. In C. Frm D. Since
20. (METXXXX) He Suddenly returned _____ a rainy night.
A. n B. at C. in D. during
第二组试题:
1.I’ve decided t g t Hangzhu instead f Dalian my hliday.
A. t B. n C. fr D. in
2. ---Will yu g hme tmrrw mrning?
---N, I’m planning .
A. n B. t C. s D. it
3. I used t in his car, but nw I have a car .
A. drive; f mine B. drive; f my wn C. ride; f my wn D. riding; f myself
4. Wrking in the kitchen fr years made Tm a gd ck.
A. fr B. int C. f D. as
5. I’m hunting fr a huse, nice, bright, cmfrtable and with a gd garden.
A. all ver B. after all C. abve all D. in all
6. prductin up by 60%, the cmpany has had anther excellent year.
A. As B. With C. Fr D. Thrugh
7. the end f last year, they have been wrking n the prject ,and it is prgressing well.
A. By B. At C. Since D. In
8.She is lder than three years.
A. me fr B. I am by C. I fr D. me by
9. We didn’t finish the wrk n time. That gt us all kind f difficulties.
A. / B. int C. ut f D. ff
10.____the eve f the spring festival, the evening shw was bradcast live n CCTV-1,
brught great pleasure t the whle natin.
A. On; that B. At; which C. In; what D. On; which
11.The speech by the mayr f shanghai befre the final vting fr EXPO 2010 is strngly impressed my memry.
A. t B. ver C. by D. n
12.The naughty by played a trick luck by tearing her letter pieces.
A. n; int B. with; int C. with ; t D. n; ff
13.The teacher asked fr a bk radi.
A. at B. n C. near D. under
14. The student is weak English, he wants t give it up.
A. in B. f C. abut D. during
15.The dctr lked him and gave him sme medicine cugh.
A. up ;f B. up; fr C. ver ; f D. ver ; fr
16. ---These bxes are t heavy fr me t mve.
---Here, I’ll give yu a hand_____ them.
A. fr B. t C. with D. by
17.He was blind____ the left eye, fr smething hit him _____ the left eye a few days ag.
A. in ; n B. n ; n C. in ; in D. with; in
18. I’m three years senir_____ my wife.
A. than B. t C. f D. with
19. It is knwn ____ all that it is very imprtant fr us students t learn English well.
A. with B. t C. f D. fr
20.Dn’t leave yur baby _____ himself when yu are ut.
A. by B. with C. f D. fr
21. ,it is mre pleasant t g n a picnic.
A. With my mind B. T my mind C, Fr my mind D. At my mind
22.Yu wuld always be ____ tw minds abut such things.
A. fr B. t C. at D. in
23. There is nthing interesting ____ swimming n a ht summer day.
A. as B. abut C. with D. like
24.All the peple arund were affected _____ tears by the sight.
A. fr B. in C. t D. with
25.On her entering ____ the cnversatin, I stpped t listen.
A. int B. in C t D. f
26. The by was sclded _____ being late ____ class.
A. abut; t B. fr ; t C. fr ; fr D. because; t
27.Bb ften quarrels _____ his friends _____ small things.
A. t; f B. with ; abut C. with ;fr D. t ;abut
28.____ an ld wman, the rm was empty.
A. except fr B. nly C. except D. besides
29.A cck is sitting ____ a tall tree.
A. in B. at C. f D. n
30.A trained dg can act ____ a guide fr stranger.
A. as B. n C. in D. t
31. We ffered ur cngratulatins _____ his winning the match.
A. at B. n C. fr D. at
32. Dn’t wrry, we will find the dg fr yu ______.
A. fr sme time B. in n time C. n time D. at time
33. The muntains lk gray ______ the blue sky.
A. in B. under C. against D. t
34. The sick man is _____ Dr. Zhang wh is _____ this hspital.
A. in the charge f ; in the charge f B. in charge f ; in charge f
C. in charge f ; in the charge f D. in the charge f ; in charge f
35. The mther tk her daughter _____ the hand and patted her _____ the head and _____ the face.
A. in; by ;n B. by; n ; in C. n ; in ; by D. with; in ; n
36. The teacher sat ____ the classrm and asked his students t put their bags _____ the blackbard.
A. in frnt f ; in the frnt f B. in the frnt f ; in frnt f
C. in frnt f ; in frnt f D. in the frnt f ; in the frnt f
37. When the spaceship leaves the earth ____ very high speed, the astrnauts feel as if they are being crashed____ the spaceship.
A. with ; in B. at ; n C. with; t D. at; against
38. My daughter cmes frm schl and then spends an hur n the phne talking t the very peple she has been at schl ____ all day.
A. n B. since C. with D. fr
39. There are many beautiful islands____ the east cast f the cuntry.
A. ff B. alng C. n D. frm
40. Bks are the mst imprtant recrds we keep ____ man’s thughts ,ideas and feelings.
A. fr B. f C. up D. n
41.My mther desn’t think she’ll need any mney but she will bring sme _____.
A. nce again B. at last C. in case D. in time
42. It’s nt surprising she wasn’t a very gd dancer,______, she’d nly had ne lessn.
A. At first B. At last C. Abve all D. After all
43._____ what I had riginally thught, the trip turned ut t be fun.
A. Instead f B. In spite f C. Cntrary t D. Because f
44.Three _____ fur peple believe that having healthy teeth is very imprtant.
A. by B. frm C. ut f D. t
45. Our parents will shw us a film prjectr fr ur party. Let’s sit _____ the table and have a lk.
A. n B. near C. rund D. abut
46. Her face gave her _____ when she tld a lie.
A. ff B. away C. up D. ut
47.---Shall we g and help them with their wrk?
--- We’d better nt. They said we’d just be _____ if we tried t help.
A. in the way B. by the way C. n the way D. ff the way.
48. This skirt is made ____ yur mther ___ her measure.
A. fr; t B. fr ; fr C. t ; t D. fr ; by
49. A man may usually be knwn by the bks he reads ______ by the friends he keeps.
A. as well as B. as if C. as sn as D. as usual
50. Kate’s little brther kicked the ball t the river, he tk great truble t get it _____.
A. n B. frm C. frm n D. ver frm
参考答案与思路点拨解析:
第一组:
KEY:1-5 BBBDB 6-10 DDDAC 11-15 CCADC 16-20 ACBDA
1. 点拨:B。in fact意为“实际上”,符合语境;at last最后;in a wrd总而言之;as a result结果。
2. 点拨: B。abve all意为“最重要的是;尤其”,符合题意;in all总计;after all毕竟;at all根本。
3. 点拨:B。此处构成"with+复合宾语。结构,在句中作状语。
4. 点拨:D。ver在此意为“(饮食、工作等)一边……,—边……”,又如:He sang ver his wrk.他边工作边唱歌。题意:他们一边喝咖啡,一边愉快地聊天。
5. 点拨:B。effect意为“影响”,常与介词n连用,属于习惯搭配。题意:已经开会讨论了旅游对该地区野生动植物的影响。
6.点拨:D。impress...n/upn...意为“给……留下深刻印象”,此处用作被动语态。 7. 点拨:D。答语T put things in when l mve t the new flat.说明了那些旧箱子用途。with意为“用”,后接具体的工具;by表示手段时,后常接抽象名词,如:g by car。
8.点拨:点拨:D。by that相当于by saying that,意为“通过这么说”,此处by表示一种手段。
9. 点拨:A。by此处意为“相差……数目或程度”。题意:幸运的是,子弹以一英寸之差没射中上尉。
10. 点拨:C。what little意为“仅有的一点点”,相当于代词,“my spare time作其定语,what little f my spare time意为“我仅有的一点点业余时间”,不能因思维定势而选择in。题意:房屋装修占去了我仅有的一点点业余时间。
11. C。此处构成“with+名词十副词”这种独立结构。本结构在句中多作状语,此处表示原因。意思是:由于产量提高了60%,这家公司有又一个辉煌年。
12. 点拨:根据题干中的破折号的解释说明作用可以看出用in ther wrds,意思是“换句话说”。故选C。
13. 点拨: 表示“增减到多少”介词用t,表示“以多少的比率或幅度增减”介词用by,动词有increase/ g up/ decrease/ reduce等。故选A。
14. 点拨:表示某部电影的票或座位用介词fr表示,可以理解为“对于、适合于”。而f表示所属关系。故选D。
15. 点拨:by的意思是“到…为止”,与at the latest前后想照应。句意是“…所以我最晚在5:40赶到火车站。”故选C。
16. 点拨:A in sight“看见”;n earth“究竟、到底”;at a distance“在稍远处”与Fr miles arund me相矛盾。故选A。
17. C in tw r three days’ time = in tw r three days,多与将来时连用,表示“两三天以后”。
18. 点拨:根据动词短语cngratulate sb. n sth. “因某事向某人祝贺”,故选B。
19. 点拨:根据完成时态的问句可知答句应该是完成时,从句用了省略形式,如果补上就容易看了,即:This bkshp has been in business since XXXX.故选D。
20.点拨:通常用at night,in the mrning, in the afternn, in the evening,但是当名词前有修饰词时,介词用n,本题的短语at night的night被形容词rainy所修饰,故选A。
第二组:
KEY: 1-5 CBCBC 6-10 BCBBD 11-15 DABAD 16-20 CCBBA 21-25 BDDCA
26-30 CBAAA 31-35 BBCDB 36-40 BDCAB 41-45 CDCCC 46-50 CBAAC
1. C 此句说的是为度假做出的决定,故用fr
2. B plan t d sth.意为“计划做某事”,其中的不定式如是前文提到的动词,采用省略形式,只保留不定式符号t。
3. C used t 过去常常做某事,ride in a car搭车,f ne’s wn属于某人自己的。
4. B make sb. int表示“使某人成为”
5. C abve all除这些之外,首要的,本句意为“除此之外,还带有一个花园”。
6. B with的复合结构表示原因。
7. C 由句中have been wrking现在完成进行时可知选C。
8. B she is lder than I am by three years= she is three years ld than I am by表示大的程度。
9. B get sb. int使某人陷入。
10. D 指具体的某一天或某天的上午、下午、晚上,用介词n,后为which引导的一个非限制性定语从句。
11. D impress sth. n ne’s memry为固定搭配,把…牢牢记住。
12. A play a trick n sb.意为“捉弄某人”、“开某人玩笑”;tear sth. int pieces意为“把…撕碎”。
13. B n 在此句中作“关于”之意,接近abut,“一本关于无线电的书”。
14. A in在…方面,be weak in 为习惯用法。
15. D 动词短语lk ver意为检查,fr 意为“为治…的药”,表用途。
16. C 根据句意只能理解为帮助做某事,只有with有此用法。
17. C be blind in瞎在…眼,打在…上+较软的部位hit sb in 。
18. B senir t 大于,优于。
19. B be knwn t 众所周知。
20. A by neself独自,习惯用法。
21. B t ne’s mind按我的看法,为英语习惯用法。
22. D in tw minds三心二意
23. D like意为“象”,是介词,as作介词时意为“作为”。
24. C be affected t tears被感动的流泪。
25. A enter int 开始从事或进入。
26.C 第一个fr表示原因“由于…迟到”,与动词scld形成一定的呼应关系;第二个fr表示目的,be late fr为常用搭配。
27. B quarrel with sb.与某人争吵,quarrel abut sth.为某事而争吵。
28. A except fr意为“除去”,主要说明基本情况之外,再加详细修正,它的后面的名词或代词与句中涉及到的事物不同类。
29. A 在树上而不属于树本身一部分用in。
30. A as作介词意为“作为”,act as担任,充当。
31. B 与cngratulatins或cngratulate搭配的介词是n.
32. B in n time立刻,马上。
33. C against在句中意为“反衬,对比”。
34. D in charge f 表示主动的主管,负责,其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词,而in the charge f 意为“由…主管或负责”,其主语往往是一单位、部门或某项工作。
35. B 当用于句型V. sb +prep.+the 身体部位时,by表牵、拉之意,n 表较硬部位,in指较软部位。
36. B in frnt f 在一物体前边;in the frnt f 在某一物体内部的前部。
37. D speed前有high, full, tp修饰时多用at,speed前没有形容词修饰时只能用at,against贴着,紧靠。
38. C with意为“在一起”,根据题干知此句的意思是“和与她整天在一起的人通一个小时的电话”。
39. A ff意为“在离…的附近”。 40. B keep recrds f为习惯搭配,意为“记录…”。
41. C 根据句意“母亲认为她无须带钱,但她会带些钱(以防万一)”,故选C。
42. D after all毕竟,终究,别忘了。理解句意即知。
43. C 句意前后显然构成对比,表示那次旅行恰与我的原来想法相反。
44. C three ut f fur peple= three in fur peple四分之三的人认为(四人中有三人认为)。
45. C 围桌而坐应用rund。
46. B give away有泄露之意。
47. A 根据句意,既然我们最好不要帮他,因为他说如果我们尽力帮他,只会碍手碍脚。In the way妨碍,挡道,造成不便。
48. A 句意是:这裙子是照你妈妈的尺寸给她定做的。注意习惯表达法t(ne’s wn) measure。
49. A 句意为:我们可以从一个人看的书来了解他,也可以从他所将交的朋友来了解他。as well as在句中连接两个并列成分 by the bks he reads和 by the friends he keeps
50. C get sth. frm从某处得到某物,在河上为 n the river,意为从河面上拿到球。
词条
词义及其作用
高考考例
abut
1 在…周围(附近,身边)2 在各处 3 关于,对于
(METXXXX) The wrd “write” has the same prnunciatin _____ the wrd “right”.
A. f *B. as C. t D. frm
点拨:短语the same as的意思是“与…一样”。
abve
1 (位置)在…上 2 (地位)高于 3 超过 4 高于 胜出
acrss
1 横(穿、越)过 2 在…另一边
3 交叉
as
1作为, 担任 2 例如 3 如同, 象
after
(时间 、次序)在…之后
(METXXXX) Readers can _____ quite well withut knwing the exact meaning f each wrd.
A. get ver B. get in
*C. get alng D. get thrugh
点拨:根据题中的well和句意可知是get alng well (with…)的省略,意思是“进展顺利”。
against
1 逆、反对 2 撞击、碰着 3 紧靠 4 与…对比 5 以…为背景 6 防备
amng
1 在…之中(之间)(强调三者以上)2 …当中之一
arund
1 在…周围 2 到处 3 大约
alng
1 沿着 2 和…一起 (with)
at
1 在…地方 2 在几点 3 (目标)对着、朝着 4 (原因)因为、由于 5 从事于、在…状态 6 (速度、价格)以
(XXXX 上海春招,23)Rse was wild with jy __ the result f the examinatin.
A. t *B. at C. by D. as
点拨:B。at放在某些形容词之后表示原因,意为“—听到/看到……(而产生某种感情)”;be wild with jy at...意思是:“因……而高兴得发狂(欣喜若狂)”。
befre
1 (时间)在…之前 2 (位置)在…之前 3 (次序)在…之前、先于 4 (选择)与其…(宁愿)…
behind
1 (位置)在…后面 2 (时间)迟于… 3 落后于 4 不如
belw
1 (数量 程度)在…之下 2 在…下方 3 (位置 职业) 在…下面
(METXXXX)Des Jhn knw any ther freign language ______ French?
A. except B. but
*C. besides D. beside
点拨:根据题干的关键词any ther“其它的”提示可知选C,意思是“除了法语外,还会其它外语吗?”
beside
1 在…旁边(附近) 2 …相比/ 比得上
between
1 在…之间(两者) 2 在中间
besides
1 除…之外(尚有) 2 否定句中同except除…之外(不再有)
beynd
1 (位置)在那边/远于 2 (范围 限度)超过 3 (时间)迟于
(XXXX 上海春招 ,26) I am srry it's ______ my pwer t make a final decisin n the prject.
A. ver B. abve
C. ff *D. beynd
点拨:D。beynd意为“超出……的范围;为……所不能及”。题意:很抱歉,对这项计划作最后决定超出了我的能力。
but
除…之外(与nthing/ n /all等词之后,同except)
by
1 (方法 手段)靠/由/用/通过 2 (被动) 被/由 3 (倍数)乘 4 (程度)相差 5 (位置)在…旁 6 (时间)不迟于/到…为止/在…以前 7 (标准/尺度)按照/以…记 8 (次第)逐一
dwn
1 向下 2 降下 3 直到 4 由近到远/从北到南/ 从中央到地方/从内地到沿海/从学校到社会
(XXXX 上海, 32) I knw nthing abut the yung lady ______ she is frm Beijing.
A. except B. except fr
*C. except that D. besides
解析: C.except可以跟that引导的宾语从句,而besides不可以,通常认为that引导的宾语从句不可以作介词的宾语,但是except that…是正确的,应该看作是特例。本题由于是句子而推出选C。
during
1 在…期间 2 在…时候
despite
(表示让步)不管;不顾;即使
except
除了…之外(没有)
fr
1 为了 2 对…来说/就…而言 3 (时间 距离 数量)达/计 4 (用途/目标/愿望/意图)对于 5 代/替 6 换 7 面值
frm
1 (时间)从…起 2 (原因 动机)由于/出于 3 (原料 材料) 4 阻止/妨碍/制止 4 [用于表示场所的副词或介词前] 5 [表示差异, 区别]
(METXXXX) The dctr will be free ________.
A. 10 minutes later
B. after ten minutes
*C. in 10 minutes
D. 10 minutes after
点拨:根据题干的一般将来时可以推出选C, “in+时间段”跟将来时连用,“after+时间段”用于过去时。
in
1 (地点 场所)在…里面 2 (时间) 在…期间 3. 在(与一段时间)之后 4 处于某种状态 5 用…材料/ 以…手段(方式) 6 穿着/戴着 7 从事于 8 往;向(某方向)9 (表示关系或比率)每
inside
1 在…之内 2 在…里面
(XXXX 上海春招, 21) Marie Curie tk little ntice _____ the hnurs that were given t her in her later years.
*A. f B. n
C. abut D. frm
点拨:A。take ntice f是固定搭配,意为“注意”,表示有意注意。题意:在晚年,居里夫人几乎毫不关心她所获得的荣誉。
int
1 进入…之内 2 使…进入状态) 3 (时间)持续到 4 be int [口]给迷住, 对...深感兴趣, 深深卷入
like
1 如同,像,和…一样 2 例如,诸如
near
(时间, 空间方面)近, 不远
f
1 …的;属于…的 2 由…制成的;由…组成 的 3 在其中;…之中的一部分 4 具有…性质的 5 (原因 动机)由于/因为 (主题)关于
ff
1 从/ 从…离开 2 在离…不远处 3 脱离,脱落 4 关掉, 关上 5 分开;断开 6 不工作,休息
n
1 在...上 2 关于/论及 3 在…时 4 向着 5 在...时候; ...之后立即 6 根据; 凭; 靠 7 是...的成员 8 在从事...中, 处于...情况中
9 通过, 以...方式 10 由...支付, 由...承担
(XXXX 上海, 25)The accident is reprted t have ccurred _____the first Sunday in February.
A. at *B. n C. in D. t
点拨:B。在表示特指某一天时须用介词n; at用来表示在某一具体时刻;in用来表示在某一段时间。
ut f
1 从…走出来 2 由…繁衍 3 表示超越界限、疆界、限制或范围的位置或情形
utside
1 在…外面 2 向…外
ver
1 上方;在…上面 2 覆盖在…之上 3 跳过 4 横越,横跨 5 在…那边;在…对面 6 遍及 7 高于…;在…之上(支配,命令)8 多于;超过 9 在…期间 10 通过 11 关于;对于
(XXXX 湖南,32)Yu can't wear a blue jacket ______ that shirt -- it'll lk terrible.
A. n B. abve C. up *D. ver
点拨D。ver意为“覆盖于……之上”。题意:你不能在那件衬衫外面套上件蓝色夹克衫——那看上去太糟糕了。
past
1 在…之后;超过 2 越过
since
自…以来; 自…以后
thrugh
1 通过,经过 2 以…;经由 3 由于;因为 4 从头到尾,由始至终
(XXXX 上海,24) The sunlight came in __ the windws in the rf and lit up the whle rm.
*A. thrugh B. acrss
C. n D. ver
点拨:A。thrugh表示从某物体空间内穿过,与in有关:acrss表示从某物体表面通过,与n有关,n表示静态,指位于某物体的表面上;ver指越过、横过。阳光透过窗户照射进来,应该用thrugh表示。
(2023新课标全国Ⅱ卷.读后续写)I we my success t my scial teacher wh is a beacn in my life n the rad t writing.
thrugh-
ut
1 遍及, 贯穿 从头到尾; 自始至终 到处, 2 全面, 完全, 彻底
till
(until)
1 直到…为止 2 [常用在否定句中](=befre)在...以前; 直到...才; 不到...(不)
t
1 (表示相对的位置)在 2(指时间)在…之前;直到…为止 3 对…表示敬意 4 与…相比,比 5 (表示拥有关系)归于,属于 6 对着 8(表示结果)导致 9 (表示程度)达到 10 随着
tward
1 向, 朝 2 对于 3 (时间)快到
(XXXX 北京春招,25)In rder t change attitudes _____ emplying wmen, the gvernment is bringing in new laws.
A. abut B. f *C. twards D. n
点拨:C。attitude意为“态度”,为可数名词.其后常与介词t或tward(s)连用。题意: 为了改变招聘女性的态度,政府正在提出新法律。
under
1 在…之下 2 在…过程中 3 从属,附属 4 以…名义 5 在…(情况)下;由于
with
1 同, 和 2 随着, 和...同时 3 [使用的工具, 手段]用 4 有; 带有; 加上 5 [表示随身携带]在...身边 6 后面加复合宾语, 表示伴随关系] 7 对于, 关于, 就...来说
(XXXX 北京,33)_____ tw exams t wrry abut, I have t wrk really hard this weekend.
*A. With B. Besides
C. As fr D. Because f
点拨:A。此处构成"with+复合宾语”结构,即with sth.t d(有某事要做)。其他选项无
此用法。
within
1在...内, 在...里面 2在...的范围内, 不超出...的范围
withut
1 没有;缺少 2 没有陪伴;没有…
3 在…外
(METXXXX)I dn’t think yu can finish the wrk ___ my help.
A. since B. because
*C. withut D. unless
词条
词义及其作用
高考考例
accrding t
按照;根据;取决于
(XXXX上海) Washingtn, a state in the United States, was named _____ ne f the greatest American presidents.
*A. in hnr f
B. instead f
C. in favr f
D. by means f
点拨:华盛顿州是以一位伟大的美国总统—华盛顿的名字命名的,目的是为了纪念他,故选A,意思是“为了纪念”。
because f
因为;因
as far as
就…而论,同s far as
as early as
早在…就
as gd as
和…一样好;实际上等于
as well as
和;除了…之外;不但…而且
as a result f
由于…的结果
at the age f
在…岁时
at the back f
1 在…背后(后部) 2 支持
at the end f
1 (方位)在…尽头 2 (时间)在…末
at the edge f
在…边上
at the ft f
在…脚下
at the bttm f
1 在…底部 2 出于…的原因
(XXXX上海)I shall stay in the htel all day ____ there is news f the missing child.
*A. in case B. n matter
C. in any case D. ever since
点拨:此处的in case实际上是连词,用来引导状语,可以理解为是in case (that)…
(2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新高考I卷).完形填空)He was uncmfrtable, and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it. S ___45___ tying him up, I just kept a clse eye n him.
45. A. due tB. instead f
C. apart frmD. as fr
考查介词短语辨析。句意:所以我没有把他绑起来,而密切关注着他。A. due t由于;B. instead f代替,而不是;C. apart frm除了;D. as fr至于。
解析:根据上文“He was___44___, and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it.”以及下文“I just kept a clse eye n him”可知,因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服,所以作者换了另一种方式,选择密切关注他,而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。
at the mercy f
完全受…支配(掌握)
at the sight f
一看到
by beans f
用;依靠;借助于
by the way f
1 当作 2 为了 3 用…的方法
due t
因为
frm behind (under/ arund/ n …
从…后面(下面/ 周围/上面…
in additin t
除了…之外(还有)
in advance f
1 在…前面 2 比…先进
in celebratin f
为庆祝…
in case f
如果;在…时; 在…情况下
in search f
寻求;试图发现
in place f
代替;而不是
in need f
需要
in charge f
对…负责;主管
in the charge f
由…负责(表示被动意义)
in danger f
有…的危险
in spite f
尽管;即使;虽然;不管
in time f
在…时刻
in a state f
处于…状态中
in the curse f
在…期间
in hnr(memry) f
为纪念…
instead f
代替;而不是
in favr f
赞同, 有利于
(METXXXX)The Italian by was regarded as a her _____ he gave his life fr his cuntry.
A. accrding t B. because f
C. n accunt f *D. because
点拨:A、B、C实际上是干扰项,根据横线后面是句子可以看出用连词连接,而前三个选项是复合介词,不具备连接句子的功能,故选D,连词because引导原因状语从句。
n accunt f
因为;由于;基于
n behalf f
代表;以…的名义
n the way t
在…途中
wing t
因为
thanks t
因为;多亏
under the name f
以…的名义
under the cnditin that
在…的条件下
under the cntrl f
在…的支配/控制下
with a ppulatin f
人口为…
with exceptin f
除…之外(有)
with n relatin t
与…无关
with regard t
关于;至于;参考…方面
with respect t
关于;相对;就…而论
with the help f
在…的帮助下
(上海春招XXXX)--- Yu seem t shw interest in cking.
--- What? ____, I’m getting tired f it.
*A. On the cuntry B. T the cuntry
C. On the ther hand D. T the ther hand
点拨:意思是“相反”。
(2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标全国Ⅱ卷).听力文本)With the intentin f prviding a bit f fun, freedm and achievement in the busy wrld, it is nw published bimnthly.
with the develpment f
随着…的发展
with increase f
随着…的增加
with the purpse/ intentin f
打算;以…为目的
with the speed f
以…的速度
with the view f
为了; 以…为目的
within the reach f
在…力所能及的范围内
withut regard t
不顾;不考虑
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