新高考英语二轮复习高频考点追踪与预测专题14 完形填空夹叙夹议文和说明文 （分层练） （2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习高频考点追踪与预测专题14 完形填空夹叙夹议文和说明文 （分层练） （2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语二轮复习高频考点追踪与预测专题14完形填空夹叙夹议文和说明文分层练原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习高频考点追踪与预测专题14完形填空夹叙夹议文和说明文分层练解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共48页， 欢迎下载使用。

内容概览
A·常考题不丢分
【命题点01 命题点01 完形填空夹叙夹议文】
【命题点02 完形填空议论文和说明文】
【微专题 动词词义和动词短语辨析易错点】
B·拓展培优拿高分
C·挑战真题争满分
【命题点01 完形填空夹叙夹议文】
（2023上·天津·高三天津市咸水沽第一中学校考期末）Fr years, Arthur ran a car dealership (汽车经销店) in a small twn in Australia. Everybdy in the twn knew and 1 Arthur. He was upright, as they said, 2 and thughtful. He liked strlling alng the streets f the twn with his children. The 3 wh met him by the radside wuld never return empty-handed. They later even began t feel embarrassed t 4 his handuts because they just received t many 5 frm him. Under the influence f such a perfect bss, his emplyees 6 harmniusly. But there was ne 7 — a mechanic, wh brke rules every nw and then and never 8 it. Arthur’s lder sn asked why his father kept the man. The answer the sn gt was, “Ah, he prbably didn’t 9 t d that.” Arthur thught the mechanic must have been thrugh smething painful, which led t his 10 behavir. Arthur intended t help, but the mechanic seemed t be 11 t reveal his heart.
Smething unexpected happened next. Arthur’s wife gt a serius disease, which left her unable t functin 12 . T well care fr his wife at hme, Arthur 13 his dealership. The emplyees all fund 14 in ther places, except the mechanic. 15 , Arthur kept paying him a salary until he gt a jb. But it didn’t 16 the mechanic enugh; he never visited the cuple nce. That was OK with Arthur. He fairly had 17 n everybdy arund him 18 they didn’t shw any gratitude.
We ften reserve cmpassin fr thse wh we believe 19 it. But real cmpassin is that we ffer it withut judgment, even t thse arund us wh may nt yet have the capacity t 20 the favr.
1．A．suspectedB．assistedC．pleasedD．respected
2．A．generusB．strictC．cmpetitiveD．cnfident
3．A．tradersB．beggarsC．neighbrsD．turists
4．A．abandnB．dnateC．acceptD．questin
5．A．challengesB．treasuresC．setbacksD．favrs
6．A．gt nB．fell behindC．std utD．shwed ff
7．A．pineerB．reminderC．exceptinD．alternative
8．A．replacedB．balancedC．evaluatedD．crrected
9．A．affrdB．meanC．pretendD．vlunteer
10．A．unusualB．infrmalC．amusingD．typical
11．A．disappintedB．prudC．unwillingD．unable
12．A．rapidlyB．independentlyC．gracefullyD．leisurely
13．A．left asideB．partnered withC．attended tD．shut dwn
14．A．emplymentB．evidenceC．lessnsD．privileges
15．A．HelplesslyB．FlexiblyC．IncrediblyD．Obviusly
16．A．attractB．sftenC．cnvinceD．prtect
17．A．cmmentsB．judgmentsC．relianceD．mercy
18．A．as thughB．nw thatC．even ifD．in case
19．A．repeatB．deserveC．frgiveD．regret
20．A．returnB．refuseC．prveD．spread
【命题点02 完形填空议论文和说明文】
1.（2022上·河南漯河·高三校考期末）Which nes are quick language learners, adults r yung children? It is nt hard t answer, because there is new evidence shwing kids really can learn things much 61 than adults.
A study published in Current Bilgy 62 that children and adults have different cncentratins (含量) f a key brain messenger called GABA．This 63 makes newly-learned materials steadier. It als prduces a calming effect and is thught t largely 64 nerve cell hyperactivity assciated with 65 , stress, and fear.
The team used neur-imaging 66 t examine visual perceptive learning in elementary pupils and adults. 67 were shwn multiple different images and were later asked questins abut them fllwing the test. The visual learning 68 an increase f GABA in children’s visual crtex (大脑皮层), the area f the brain that 69 visual infrmatin. GABA levels didn’t change at all when adults 70 the same visual tests. Children participants kept GABA 71 fr hurs after training ended, while the cncentratins f GABA remained 72 in the adults studied.
“In cntinuus behaviral experiments, we fund that children 73 steadied new learning much mre rapidly than adults, which 74 the cmmn belief that children are 75 t adults in their learning abilities,” study c-authr Sebastian M. Frank said. “Our results prves GABA as a 76 player in making learning efficient in children.”
These results, the authrs argue, shuld 77 teachers and parents t keep giving children pprtunities t learn anything frm riding a bike t playing an instrument thrughut their 78 .
In future studies, the team plans t 79 the differences in maturatin rates between brain regins and functins and GABA respnses in ther 80 f learning, such as reading and writing.
61．A．deeperB．slwerC．fasterD．lnger
62．A．infersB．findsC．dedicatesD．respnds
63．A．messengerB．brainC．studyD．team
64．A．strengthenB．guaranteeC．enrichD．cntrl
65．A．happinessB．relaxatinC．anxietyD．cmfrt
66．A．armsB．abilitiesC．techniquesD．furniture
67．A．AdultsB．SubjectsC．ResearchersD．Pupils
68．A．set upB．set asideC．set dwnD．set ff
69．A．prcessesB．prvidesC．shrinksD．interrupts
70．A．arrangedB．tkC．sufferedD．digested
71．A．flatingB．bmingC．cllapsingD．sleeping
72．A．cnsistentB．reliableC．ambiguusD．arbitrary
73．A．partlyB．dubtfullyC．indeedD．vaguely
74．A．prvesB．predictsC．ppsesD．ignres
75．A．similarB．equalC．familiarD．superir
76．A．keyB．ridiculusC．pisnusD．randm
77．A．frceB．encurageC．reserveD．allw
78．A．revlutinB．teensC．childhdD．vyage
79．A．inquireB．cmprehendC．immerseD．explre
80．A．charactersB．descriptinsC．certificatesD．types
2.（2023上·河南郑州·高三郑州外国语学校校考期末）Space explratin has always been the prvince f 51 : The human imaginatin readily sars where human ingenuity (创造力) struggles t fllw. A Vyage t the Mn, ften cited as the first science fictin stry, was written by Cyran de Bergerac in 1649. Cyran was dead and buried fr a gd three centuries 52 the first manned rckets started t fly.
In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America wuld send a man t the mn by the decade’s end, thse wrds, t, had a 53 quality. They resnated (共鸣) with ptimism and 54 in much the same way as the mst famus 55 speech f all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. tw years later. By the end f the decade, bth visins had yielded cncrete results and 56 American sciety. 57 , in many ways the tw dreams ended up 58 each ther. The fight fr racial and ecnmic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge t explre space is just the ppsite. It is figuratively and literally therwrldly in its 59 .
When the dust settled, the space dreamers lst ut. There was n grand 60 t the Apll missins. The technlgically cmprmised space shuttle prgram has just cme t an end, with n 61 . The cntinuus argument is that 62 are tight, that we have mre pressing prblems here n Earth. Amid the current cncerns abut the federal deficit (赤字), reaching tward the stars seems an unnecessary luxury— 63 saving ne-thusandth f a single year’s budget wuld slve ur prblems.
But human ingenuity struggles n. NASA is develping a series f rbtic prbes that will get the mst value fr the mney spent. They will serve as mdern Magellans, 64 ut the slar system fr whatever explrers fllw, whether man r machine. On the flip side, cmpanies like Virgin Galactic are pltting a bttm-up assault n the space dream by making it a reality t the public. Private spaceflight culd lie within 65 f rich civilians in a few years. Anther decade r tw and it culd 66 .
The space dreamers end up benefiting all f us — nt just because f the way they expand human knwledge, r because f the 67 they prduce, but because the tw types f dreams supprt each ther. Bth Martin Luther King and Jhn Kennedy appealed t the idea that humans can 68 what were nce cnsidered great limitatins. Tday we face seeming challenges in energy, the envirnment, health care. Tmrrw we will vercme these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lt f the 69 . The mre evidence we cllect that ur species is 70 greatness, the mre we will actually achieve it.
51．A．dreamersB．explrersC．astrnmersD．nvelists
52．A．afterB．befreC．untilD．while
53．A．realisticB．practicalC．attractiveD．dreamlike
54．A．reflectinB．ambitinC．ignranceD．recgnitin
55．A．inspiringB．publicC．dreamD．free
56．A．attackedB．industrializedC．transfrmedD．accessed
57．A．TherefreB．InsteadC．AdditinallyD．Hwever
58．A．in cnflict withB．in line withC．in cmmn withD．in pace with
59．A．aimsB．damageC．pwerD．terms
60．A．fllwupB．breakthrughC．backupD．takever
61．A．ancestrB．successrC．frefatherD．advcate
62．A．situatinsB．securitiesC．fundsD．schedules
63．A．just likeB．s thatC．as ifD．n cnditin that
64．A．makingB．figuringC．sweepingD．mapping
65．A．reachB．rangeC．cntrlD．knwledge
66．A．drp behindB．g mainstreamC．cme t pwerD．dig ut
67．A．prductinsB．chipsC．technlgiesD．substitutes
68．A．g beyndB．g thrughC．g afterD．g ver
69．A．apprvalB．gratitudeC．creditD．cmmitment
70．A．preferable tB．capable fC．prud fD．cnvinced f
【微专题 名词词义和动词短语辨析易错点】
（2023上·辽宁葫芦岛·高三统考期末）Years ag, a neighbur kid kicked a ftball and brke a small 36 f ur huse. We were a family living n a small 37 at the time, s I barded it up, thinking I’d get t it smeday.
Over the years, I’d smetimes ask sme advice frm windw cmpanies. The plan was t upgrade t energy-efficient windws fr the whle huse, an 38 prcess—$ 15, 000. It was simply ut f 39 and I turned it dwn again.
40 , the thught f that windw ate at me fr years. Every time I went dwn there, it kept 41 me. I knew I needed t deal with it, but I had built up the 42 s much in my mind that I put it ff again and again.
Then my wife had a jb 43 , and we needed t mve. A 44 buyer culdn’t get a lan n the huse if there was a 45 windw. S I pulled ff the bards t face this thing. It had already been fr at least 5 years.
I used sme rust (锈) remver, sprayed all arund the rusted frame, and gave it a 46 pull. T my 47 , it easily mved. I pulled the windw ut and tk it dwntwn. It was a 12 fix.
I culd have fixed the prblem fr 12 the 48 day when it happened. But I let it wrry me fr years. 49 , this isn’t just abut my windw. Many f us tend t live with brken windws f ne type r anther fr years. We suffer mre in 50 than in reality. Step frward, and yu’ll find a slutin.
36．A．rfB．windwC．drD．curtain
37．A．salaryB．fameC．passinD．chance
38．A．accessibleB．fficialC．expensiveD．energetic
39．A．rderB．balanceC．breathD．reach
40．A．TherefreB．BesidesC．HweverD．Instead
41．A．replyingB．trublingC．drivingD．reprting
42．A．difficultyB．cnfidenceC．jyD．harm
43．A．changeB．interestC．habitD．jurney
44．A．pliteB．weakC．strangeD．ptential
45．A．defeatedB．fittedC．brkenD．cured
46．A．lazyB．strngC．familiarD．strange
47．A．disappintmentB．embarrassmentC．astnishmentD．encuragement
48．A．sameB．differentC．earlyD．new
49．A．FrequentlyB．ActuallyC．CnsequentlyD．Unexpectedly
50．A．experimentB．discussinC．reactinD．imaginatin
（2023下·河南开封·高三河南省杞县高中校联考期末）Driving herein the muntains can be a challenge in the summertime. The hles and stnes in the rad make it a 81 ride. The lw hanging trees, full f green leaves, 82 yur view. And yu always have t be n the lkut fr dgs, cats and deer 83 the rad.
I saw an incredibly 84 sight here just the ther day. As I was 85 alng, I saw a baby deer lying dead alng the side f the rad. Its white spts were still n it. It was s heart-breaking t see it like that and I 86 in ease mre deer were cming dwn the muntains t drink frm the 87 that ran alngside the highway. When I 88 anther curve(拐弯处), felt a(n) 89 inside my heart and a vice inside my mind, saying “Slw dwn, mre!”
I 90 my speed again.
Suddenly tw adult deer leaped acrss the rad. I 91 n the brakes until I came t a cmplete 92 , and just as I stpped, tw baby deer appeared frm the wds after their parents, 93 them pass and felt 94 that I hadn’t hit thse baby deer. Then I 95 and thanked myself fr having listened t that 96 in my heart and mind.
S many times I have 97 a whispered urging in my heart t says smething 98 r t help smene in need.
May yu always listen t the 99 in yur heart. They will turn yu int a better 100 .They will always lead yu Hme!
81．A．rughB．lngC．steadyD．straight
82．A．widenB．imprveC．limitD．injure
83．A．breakingB．crssingC．blckingD．destrying
84．A．interestingB．annyingC．funnyD．sad
85．A．drivingB．runningC．slippingD．walking
86．A．cried utB．ran awayC．slwed dwnD．lked backward
87．A．cupB．riverC．carD．tree
88．A．desiredB．missedC．ignredD．runded
89．A．urgeB．painC．hpeD．sign
90．A．checkedB．sawC．reducedD．frgt
91．A．restedB．reliedC．fellD．stepped
92．A．successB．stpC．challengeD．repair
93．A．watchedB．madeC．heardD．pulled
94．A．wrriedB．scaredC．relievedD．amused
95．A．liedB．frzeC．hikedD．smiled
96．A．lectureB．messageC．niseD．news
97．A．feltB．changedC．keptD．hidden
98．A．specialB．differentC．kindD．imprtant
99．A．strugglesB．argumentsC．striesD．whispers
100．A．guideB．persnC．driverD．parent
【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy t thrw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shuts as I thrw him skywards and catch him n the way back dwn again. He thrws his arms and legs ut ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense f ___20___ .
I hpe Jacky will always trust me fully, but I knw that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need mre effrt and sund judgment____22____ . Trust is such an imprtant part f a ___23___ relatinship that it’s smething that can’t ___24___ t lse. Every time I ___25___ Jacky t smething new, he’ll d it nly because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knwledge that he wn’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky t swim means he has t ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pl, I’ll cme t his rescue if his dggy paddle lets him dwn.
___29___ in the wrkplace, trust is imprtant fr strng ___30___ . It is smething that every manager shuld wrk hard t ___31___ amng their team. If peple dn’t trust yu, they’re unlikely t ___32___ yur directins and willingly becme a lyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ f trust can make peple wrk against yu rather than fr yu. At the very least, it means that peple are nt ging t be ___34___ yu their best. Gd ___35___, like gd parenting, is a lng-term cmmitment.
16. A. deserveB. missC. lveD. knw
17. A. as ifB. in caseC. even thughD. s that
18. A. fearB. excitementC. dubtD. astnishment
19. A. reasnableB. limitedC. absluteD. imprtant
20. A. reliefB. satisfactinC. achievementD. respnsibility
21. A. lderB. busierC. quieterD. healthier
22. A. n my behalfB. n my partC. in my hnrD. in my name
23. A. lng-distanceB. high-riskC. parent-childD. teacher-student
24. A. affrdB. chseC. waitD. expect
25. A. attachB. cmpareC. adjustD. intrduce
26. A. safeB. happyC. prudD. grateful
27. A. Abve allB. In additinC. At firstD. Fr example
28. A. admitB. believeC. suggestD. imagine
29. A. HweverB. TherefreC. SimilarlyD. Frtunately
30. A. affectinB. determinatinC. friendshipD. leadership
31. A. assessB. rganizeC. develpD. understand
32. A. repeatB. fllwC. changeD. frget
33. A. gestureB. measureC. bndD. lack
34. A. tellingB. givingC. sellingD. sending
35. A. managementB. persnalityC. cmmunicatinD. educatin
【2021年浙江卷1月】 Last year I decided t d sme vlunteer wrk. I began t 16 n the Internet and discvered Vlunteer USA．Three mnths later I 17 myself n a plane t Phenix, Arizna. I was 18 at the thught f living with lads f new peple fr three mnths. Hwever, within fifteen minutes f 19 , my wrries had gne. Everyne was s 20 and like-minded that it was very 21 t feel at hme.
I was sent t the Crnad Natinal Frest fr my first 8-day 22 . We had t 23 everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked. It may nt seem like a 24 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were n fire.
My jb was t 25 a stairway ut f rck. This 26 climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain inhabited (栖息) by muntain lins, althugh I shuld say they were nly heard,never 27 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being. The 28 f knwing that my 29 will be n that muntainside fr years t cme is massive.
But n the last night we were 30 in a thunderstrm. I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent. The temperature was clse t 31 . I had t spend the rest f the night trembling in the nly 32 part f my tent.
33 , I suffered a lt. But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there and I 34 . I think I am much 35 fr having taken part in the prject.
16．A．calculateB．negtiateC．advertiseD．research
17．A．imaginedB．intrducedC．enjyedD．fund
18．A．annyedB．surprisedC．scaredD．excited
19．A．arrivingB．sleepingC．thinkingD．walking
20．A．cnfidentB．friendlyC．energeticD．curius
21．A．funnyB．gdC．luckyD．easy
22．A．turB．prjectC．campaignD．curse
23．A．drpB．makeC．carryD．buy
24．A．niceB．safeC．lngD．quick
25．A．buildB．testC．cleanD．guard
26．A．helpedB．endedC．allwedD．meant
27．A．huntedB．trainedC．seenD．fed
28．A．satisfactinB．ambitinC．expectatinD．intentin
29．A．wrkB．memryC．recrdD．stry
30．A．leftB．caughtC．attackedD．separated
31．A．bilingB．averageC．nrmalD．freezing
32．A．tidyB．dryC．newD．sft
33．A．By the wayB．Regardless f thatC．Needless t sayD．In either case
34．A．survivedB．resistedC．escapedD．recvered
35．A．smarterB．strngerC．happierD．busier
【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 Since ur twins began learning t walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that ur sliding glass dr is just a windw. The 41 is bvius. If we 42 it is a dr, they’ll want t g utside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently knw the 44 . But ur insisting it’s 45 a windw has kept them frm 46 millins f requests t pen the dr.
I hate lying t the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discver that everything they’ve always knwn abut windws is a 48 .
I wnder if 49 shuld always tell the truth n matter the 50 . I have a very strng 51 that the lie we’re telling is ding 52 damage t ur children. Windws and drs have 53 metaphrical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t pen what they abslutely knw is a dr. What if later in 54 they cme t a metaphrical dr, like an pprtunity(机会) f sme srt, and 55 pening the dr and taking the pprtunity, they just 56 it and wnder, ＂What if it isn’t a dr?＂ That is, ＂What if it isn’t a 57 pprtunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasnable fear. But the 58 is that I shuldn’t lie t my kids. I shuld just 59 repeatedly having t say, ＂N. We can’t g utside nw.＂ Then when they cme t ther drs in life, be they real r metaphrical, they wn’t 60 t pen them and walk thrugh.
41. A. reliefB. targetC. reasnD. case
42. A. admitB. believeC. meanD. realize
43. A. graduallyB. cnstantlyC. temprarilyD. casually
44. A. resultB. dangerC. methdD. truth
45. A. merelyB. slightlyC. hardlyD. partly
46. A. reviewingB. apprvingC. receivingD. attempting
47. A. win utB. give upC. wake upD. stand ut
48. A. dreamB. lieC. fantasyD. fact
49. A. parentsB. twinsC. clleaguesD. teachers
50. A. restrictinsB. explanatinsC. differencesD. cnsequences
51. A. demandB. fearC. desireD. dubt
52. A. physicalB. bilgicalC. spiritualD. behaviral
53. A. traditinalB. imprtantC. dubleD. riginal
54. A. lifeB. timeC. replyD. histry
55. A. by cmparisn with B. in additin tC. regardless fD. instead f
56. A. get hld fB. stare atC. knck nD. make use f
57. A. realB. typicalC. similarD. limited
58. A. safety ruleB. cmfrt zneC. bttm lineD. tp secret
59. A. delayB. regretC. enjyD. accept
60. A. hurryB. decideC. hesitateD. intend
【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 As s businesswman, I care deeply abut my custmers. But like anyne fr whm yu feel affectin, 41 can als drive yu mad. They’ll cme rushing in, 42 their handbag’s been stlen. They’ll 43 that they left it in the changing rm, create have (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have ut half the 45 in the shp, and want the nly style yu dn’t have left in a 46 clur. I d knw hw upset the shp staff can get, but I try t persuade them t keep 47 .
I remember the first really 48 custmer we had at Cvent Garden. She was 49 abslutely everything, nthing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular”. After a while, she 51 fr the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week befre, was living in a flat 52 , and since she’d fund it t much t cpe with (应对), she’d taken it ut n 53 peple.
That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it n t the peple wh 55 in the market. Dn’t take it 56 . If a custmer is rude r difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a rw with her husband. Maybe her child’s nt 57 .” Always water it dwn and dn’t let yur eg (自我) get 58 . If yu d, yu wn’t be able t 59 it and the whle thing develps int an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyne’s day.
41. A. shpkeepersB. custmersC. salespersnsD. receptinists
42. A. sayingB. pretendingC. guessingD. replying
43. A. agreeB. prmiseC. imagineD. swear
44. A. frgetB. decideC. discverD. assume
45. A. fdsB. catalguesC. belngingsD. gds
46. A. particularB. differentC. matchingD. natural
47. A. fightingB. smilingC. waitingD. changing
48. A. generusB. pliteC. carelessD. difficult
49. A. curius abutB. displeased withC. patient withD. uncertain abut
50. A. relaxedB. delightedC. surprisedD. embarrassed
51. A. searchedB. arguedC. prayedD. aplgized
52. A. by chanceB. by herselfC. n purpseD. n duty
53. A. rudeB. suchC. therD. lnely
54. A. lessnB. trickC. skillD. trade
55. A. wrkB. shpC. meetD. quarrel
56. A. kindlyB. secretlyC. persnallyD. casually
57. A. readyB. awayC. upD. well
58. A. ut f sightB. in the wayC. behind the sceneD. abve the law
59. A. stressB. expectC. handleD. blame
60. A. ruinsB. makesC. startsD. saves