内蒙古集宁一中2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份内蒙古集宁一中2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析），共29页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷满分150分，考试时间为120分钟
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共95分）
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Central Museum Guide
Welcme t Central Museum, where yu can discver tw millin years f human histry thrugh paintings, sculptures, phtgraphs, and mre. Here is the infrmatin yu will need t plan yur visit.
Bking tickets
Yu’re advised t bk a time slt n ur fficial website in advance t guarantee entry, as the museum can smetimes be crwded. Visits are available each day fr thse wh dn’t have advance bkings, but this des depend n capacity. Please speak t staff at the ticket ffice in Building A t check availability. Our busiest times are during schl hlidays, Christmas, and New Year. The quietest time f the year is between late Octber and early December.
Phtgraphy, filming, and drawing
Hand-held flash phtgraphy and vide recrding are allwed fr private purpses nly. Tripds (三脚架) and selfie sticks may nt be used inside the museum buildings, since they may disturb ther visitrs and cause damage t the exhibits. We regret t infrm yu that drawing is temprarily nt allwed t help facilitate visitr flw.
Fd and drink
The Curt Cafe is lcated n the first flr f the Great Curt next t the Pacific Gallery, serving freshly made sandwiches, salads and cakes, as well as a selectin f ht and cld drinks. It is an ideal place fr grabbing a quick bite r having a break while yu plan the next step f yur visit.
Baggage strage
Yu can stre yur belngings in the lcker rm near the entrances f Building A and Building B. Please nte that large items, including sme bags and all suitcases, are nt permitted n site.
1. When shuld yu g t the museum fr a quieter visit?
A On August 21st.B. On Octber 1st.
C. On Nvember 10th.D. On December 25th.
2. Where can yu buy sme fd in the museum?
A. In Building A.B. At the Great Curt.
C. At the Pacific Gallery.D. Near the entrance f Building B.
3. Which f the fllwing is allwed in the museum?
A. Arriving withut advance bkings.
B. String a suitcase in the lcker rm.
C Taking sme phts with a selfie stick.
D. Drawing sme pictures in the galleries.
B
It was a snwy day during the spring break when I walked int a great restaurant. In this blizzard weather, it was the nly restaurant that remained pen.
The restaurant has a lng histry in Hng Kng. Its wners, the cuple, Peter and Michelle, have been running the restaurant since 2007.
“Things have changed a lt in the past 30 years,” Peter said. “Chinese students 20 years ag thught that a 70-cent bwl f rice was t expensive, but nw a $20 meal is acceptable”. He als said that the new generatin f Chinese students engaged with ther students, bringing all their nn-Chinese friends t visit the restaurant.
Peter takes great pride in his wn cking. He was curius abut hw the fd was made and why particular fds r sauces had specific tastes. He chse t serve mainly Guangdng and Sichuan fd at the restaurant, featuring the family-style Chinese dim sum r ht pt.
When I asked whether he wuld mdify the taste f the dishes t suit the taste f mst Americans, Peter said, “We are nt like thse American Chinese restaurants. We prvide the genuine Chinese taste t ur custmers, and they will lve it because it is delicius, and their taste will suit the taste f ur dishes, nt the ther way arund.”
“If I hear cmplaints frm my custmers, I will be s upset that I can’t fall asleep at night”, he said. “Luckily mst f my favrite dishes received wide acclaim frm my custmers and it takes mre than ne persn’s effrt.”
He cmpares himself with the craftsmen in China wh are prud f preserving ancient Chinese art and whse mtivatin is nly n peple’s enjyment f their wrk and thught.
Such a spirit f craftsmanship has been remarkable and greatly valued in the past. The craftsman’s spirit with perfectin, precisin, cncentratin, and patience remains in Peter and his cking.
4. Hw lng have the cuple been running the restaurant?
A. 16 yearsB. 20 yearsC. 30 yearsD. 70 years
5. Why is the restaurant different frm ther American Chinese restaurants?
A. Its custmers are mainly Chinese.
B. It sticks t its riginal taste f the dishes.
C. It adjusts the taste accrding t the custmers.
D. Its menu merely cntains Guangdng and Sichuan fd.
6. Which wrds can best describe Peter?
A. Generus and patient.B. Ambitius and ecnmical.
C. Thughtful and humrus.D. Precise and devted.
7. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. He believes that cking just needs ne persn’s effrt.
B. He shws an interest in preserving ancient Chinese art.
C. He takes pride in cking the best typical Chinese cuisine.
D He cares abut the taste f the dishes rather than custmers’ cmplaints.
C
By mid-century there will likely be 9 billin peple n the planet, using ever mre resurces and leading ever mre technlgically cmplex lives. What will ur cities be like? Hw much will artificial intelligence (AI) advance? Will glbal warming cause disastrus changes, r will we be able t engineer ur way ut f the climate change issues? Recently, the magazine Big Think asked tp minds frm a variety f fields t weigh in n what the future hlds 40 years frm nw. The result is as fllws.
It's likely that by 2050 the majrity f the peple in the wrld will live in urban areas and will have a much higher average age than peple tday. Cities therist Richard thinks urbanizatin will transfrm the educatin system f, making ur ecnmy less huses driven and remving the divisins between hme and wrk.
And rapidly advancing technlgy will cntinue ever mre rapidly. Cities f the future wn't lk like “sme srt f science-fictin fantasy”, but it's likely that technlgical advances and infrmatin verlays (VR and AR) will greatly change hw we live. Self- driving cars will make the rads safer and prvide faster transprts. A larger versin f driverless cars-driverless trucks — may make lng-distance drivers ut f date.
Sme lng view predictins are cmpletely dire. Envirnmentalist Bill says that if we dn't make great prgress in fighting glbal warming, it's likely we culd see ut-f- cntrl rises in sea levels, huge crp shrtfalls and wars ver limited freshwater resurces.
In terms f hw we will eat, green markets funder and “real fd" supprter Nina believes that there will be mre small milk prcessing plants and mre reginal fd peratins and we'll be healthier as a result. New Yrk Times writer Mark thinks that peple will eat fewer prcessed fds and eat fds grwn clser t where they live. And mre peple will be aware f the ethical respnsibility" t grw fds.
8. What may happen by 2050 based n the magazine Big Think ?
A. Educatin will be driven by ecnmy.B. The majrity f peple will be taller.
C. AI will cause disastrus changes.D. Mst peple will live in big cities.
9. What d we knw abut technlgy in the future accrding t Paragraph 3?
A. It will make peple live in science-fictin fantasy.
B. It will ensure safer transprts due t faster cars.
C. It will greatly change the way in which peple live.
D. It will increase the number f lng-distance drivers.
10. What des the underlined wrd "dire" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Magical.B. Terrible.C. Ridiculus.D. Meaningful.
11. What des Nina think f fds in the future?
A. Peple will eat healthier and fresher fds.
B. Land-raised farm systems will be imprved.
C. There will be smaller reginal fd peratins,
D. Fd supplies will becme much mre limited.
D
Hw yu fld a paper airplane can determine hw fast r hw far it ges. A lt f peple arrive at the best designs thrugh trial and errr, and perhaps a little bit f luck. But this questin is n child’s play fr the researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute f Technlgy Lausanne.
“Seemingly a simple ty, the paper airplane actually shws cmplex aerdynamic (空气动力学) behavirs which are mst ften ignred,” the researchers said. “When the paper airplane is launched, there are cmplex physical interactins between the paper structure and the surrunding air, leading t a particular flight behavir.”
T examine the relatinship between a flding pattern and the flight, they develped a rbtic system that can make varius paper planes and then test, analyze, and mdel their flight behavirs. In this experiment, the rbt made and launched ver 500 paper airplanes with 50 different designs. Then it cllected data n hw far each design flew and the characteristics f that flight.
The researchers srted different shapes rughly int three types f “behaviral grups”.
The first type fllws a nsedive (俯冲) path, which means a shrt flight distance befre landing n the grund. The secnd type des a glide (滑行), falling at a cnsistent and relatively cntrlled rate, and cvers a lnger distance than the nsedive. The third type is a recvery glide, falling steadily befre leveling f and staying at a certain height abve the grund.
“With the high precisin and autmatin f the rbtic system, large-scale experiments can be perfrmed t imprve design,” the researchers nted. “The rbt designer can deepen ur understanding and explratin f design prblems, and culd therwise be challenging t bserve any behavir.”
This insight can als apply t the changeable flight paths f small flying vehicles. “These mdels can be used t imprve a real-wrld rbtic design t identify wing shapes that fly a given distance,” the researchers said.
12. What can be inferred frm the researchers’ wrds in Paragraph 2?
A. It is difficult t design a perfect paper airplane.
B. There is mre t explre abut paper airplanes.
C. The paper airplane is a ppular ty fr children.
D. It is likely t cntrl paper airplanes’ behavirs.
13. What can the rbtic system d?
A. Prmte paper airplanes t fly much farther.
B. Leave paper airplanes high abve the grund.
C. Create paper airplanes with different designs.
D. Change paper airplanes’ flight characteristics.
14. What did the researchers expect t d thrugh the experiment?
A. Enhance the design f airplanes.
B. Prve the precisin f airplanes.
C. Predict the develpment f airplanes.
D. Increase the autmatin f airplanes.
15. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Researchers test their innvative ideas n paper airplanes.
B. Researchers design a real-wrld rbt with paper airplanes.
C. Researchers can design varius wing shapes fr paper airplanes.
D. Researchers create a rbt t learn mre abut paper airplanes’ flight.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
Yur eyes can water fr many reasns, including weather, allergies (过敏) r, mre seriusly, an infectin. ____16____ They might help explain why it’s happening.
Watering due t weather
Changes in seasns typically can cause changes t the eye due t the amunt f humidity in the air and allergens. As winter appraches and we increase heat at hme, wrk and in the car, the air lses humidity, which causes the eye t becme very dry. ____17____ But the type f tear prduced desn’t help lubricate (润滑) the eye and results in watering f these extra tears.
Pink eye
Pink eye is ne f the mst frustrating eye cnditins. It cmmnly causes red and very watery eyes. ____18____ It is cntagius (接触传染的) and can lake multiple weeks t reslve. Unfrtunately, since pink eye is usually caused by a virus, n antibitic eye drp can reslve the cnditin.
Watering and dry eye
____19____ Tears are made f three ingredients and, if there’s an imbalance in these, the tears wn’t stay n the eye and will result in watering. Mst cmmnly, it’s because the il layer f the tears is lacking.
Eye scratches
A scratch n the crnea (角膜) is extremely painful and will cause redness, blurred visin and watering. The crnea is ne f the mst sensitive parts f the bdy and usually heals quickly with apprpriate treatment. If yu think yur eye is scratched, it’s best t see yur eye dctr as sn as pssible. ____20____
A. Otherwise, it can easily becme infected.
B. Mst pink eye is caused by a virus, like the cmmn cld.
C. S yur eyes try t help increase the amunt f tears prduced.
D. This can cause redness and dryness f the eyelid itself and watering.
E. Even just walking thrugh an area with allergens can cause eyes t water.
F. It seems nt lgical, but watering is the mst bthersme sign f dry eye.
G. If yur eyes water suddenly, watch the envirnmental factrs yu’re being expsed t.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Cdy Wilkins sat n the bench, while his sccer teammates were scring gals n the field. It had been a(n) ___21___ high schl year fr him. He was the nly freshman n the team. He mst never gt t play, and he felt like a___22___.
“My cnfidence was sht. I thught maybe I wasn’t as gd as my caches thught I was during tryut. I thught maybe I shuld ___23___.” Cdy says.
Cdy suffered nce he discvered he wasn’t a gd sccer player. But he ___24___ t keep ging. “The struggle I___25___made me want t wrk harder,” he says. “Hwever talented yu are, yu can always ___26___ in sprts.”
Then Cdy tk advantage f his ___27___ n the bench t watch his mre skilled and experienced teammates play the game, and by the time he was a junir, he had imprved s much that he was ___28___ captain f his team. He is nw a senir and is being ___29___ t play sccer fr several clleges.
If yu base yur ___30___just n whether yu win r lse, yu will never be happy. Winning is always ___31___ because there is always anther ___32___ waiting fr yu.
N ne is___33___. But yu shuld learn abut yur strengths and weaknesses and knw hw t___34___ frm failure. Once yu accept that lsing smething isn’t the end f yur wrld, yu can get n with the business f living yur life and learning frm it. In the lng run, this is ___35___.
21. A. tughB. differentC. cmmnD. intense
22. A. geniusB. failureC. flD. cach
23. A. waitB. prceedC. tryD. quit
24. A. decidedB. pretendedC. prmisedD. hesitated
25. A. carried nB. tk upC. went thrughD. gt ver
26. A. changeB. imprveC. lseD. participate
27. A. scheduleB. patienceC. timeD. psitin
28 A. calledB. cnsideredC. recgnizedD. named
29. A. selectedB. persuadedC. inspiredD. required
30. A. attitudeB. interestC. hnrD. value
31. A. tempraryB. rewardingC. significantD. challenging
32. A. ptinB. cmpetitinC. chanceD. surprise
33. A. uselessB. generusC. uniqueD. perfect
34. A. judgeB. benefitC. releaseD. withdraw
35. A. pssibleB. practicalC. invaluableD. invisible
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共55分）
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
Adam Braun established the rganizatin Pencils f Prmise in 2008. Its gal is ____36____ (make) sure all children have a chance fr educatin. In the past few years, it ____37____ (help) mre than 22, 000 children in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
It started when Adam Braun was a cllege student. He was visiting India when a by stpped ____38____ (he) n the street and asked fr mney. Mr Braun asked the by ____39____ he wuld want, if he culd have anything in the wrld. “I thught the answer was ging t be a huse, a car r a bat. His answer was ‘a pencil’,____40____ shcked me. S I gave him my pencil and he just lit up with jy. I realized he had never been t schl befre and that was the ____41____ (real) fr 57 millin children arund the wrld,” Braun said.
Adam Braun started wrking in finance after he graduated ____42____ cllege. But he never frgt the by and ____43____ prblem he represented. S he decided t devte himself t ____44____ (create) that wrld. Braun says his rganizatin wrks _____45_____ (clse) with the lcal educatin rganizatins, which rganize the main prgram f studies.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文 (满分 15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校下周五将举办中医针灸(acupuncture)的讲座。你的英国朋友Jack对传统中医很感兴趣，请写封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：
1.写邮件的目的；
2.讲座的相关信息(时间、地点、主要内容等)；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was just anther busy day until I met the by n the bus. He was nt a passenger like me. He was, what we call a street child, an 8-10-year-ld kid with a wrn T-shirt. These prly dressed kids were seen almst everywhere in Dhaka city. But what was special abut that by was his face. There was “smething” in him that caught my attentin. That was an angelic(天使般的)baby face with little care.
He gt straight int the bus as it stpped at a traffic light. The bus helper shuted at him in the first place. But instead f talking back, the by kept silent and started handing ut a piece f paper t all the passengers. What was written in the paper was, in shrt, that his father died a cuple f years ag. His mther wrked at huses. He badly needed mney t help his family, s he wished smene warm-hearted t buy chclates frm him.
This was nthing new t peple wh tk a bus every day and I was n different. I had my earphnes n, listening t sme relaxing music t kill time. When he came t me t get the paper back, I casually gave him sme mney. Thankfully it brught sme smiles n his face. He was abut t give me ten chclates in return fr the mney I gave t him when I stpped him.
“I dn’t like chclates, brther. S there is n need f chclates. Yu can have the mney,” I said.
All f a sudden, the smile n his face disappeared.
“I’m nt a beggar. Please take the chclate, r take yur mney back.”
His straight answer greatly surprised me. I even felt he was slightly angry. I had given mney t many kids befre, withut taking their chclates. But this time smething seemed different. I realized his angelic baby face was nt the nly thing special abut him.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The by put ten chclates n my seat and gt ff the bus.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Having gt the by’s name, I decided t help him.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1～5 BAABC 6～10 CAACB 11～15 CACBB 16～20 BCCBA
集宁一中2023 - 2024学年第二学期期末考试
高二年级英语试题
本试卷满分150分，考试时间为120分钟
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共95分）
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Central Museum Guide
Welcme t Central Museum, where yu can discver tw millin years f human histry thrugh paintings, sculptures, phtgraphs, and mre. Here is the infrmatin yu will need t plan yur visit.
Bking tickets
Yu’re advised t bk a time slt n ur fficial website in advance t guarantee entry, as the museum can smetimes be crwded. Visits are available each day fr thse wh dn’t have advance bkings, but this des depend n capacity. Please speak t staff at the ticket ffice in Building A t check availability. Our busiest times are during schl hlidays, Christmas, and New Year. The quietest time f the year is between late Octber and early December.
Phtgraphy, filming, and drawing
Hand-held flash phtgraphy and vide recrding are allwed fr private purpses nly. Tripds (三脚架) and selfie sticks may nt be used inside the museum buildings, since they may disturb ther visitrs and cause damage t the exhibits. We regret t infrm yu that drawing is temprarily nt allwed t help facilitate visitr flw.
Fd and drink
The Curt Cafe is lcated n the first flr f the Great Curt next t the Pacific Gallery, serving freshly made sandwiches, salads and cakes, as well as a selectin f ht and cld drinks. It is an ideal place fr grabbing a quick bite r having a break while yu plan the next step f yur visit.
Baggage strage
Yu can stre yur belngings in the lcker rm near the entrances f Building A and Building B. Please nte that large items, including sme bags and all suitcases, are nt permitted n site.
1. When shuld yu g t the museum fr a quieter visit?
A. On August 21st.B. On Octber 1st.
C. On Nvember 10th.D. On December 25th.
2. Where can yu buy sme fd in the museum?
A. In Building A.B. At the Great Curt.
C. At the Pacific Gallery.D. Near the entrance f Building B.
3. Which f the fllwing is allwed in the museum?
A. Arriving withut advance bkings.
B. String a suitcase in the lcker rm.
C. Taking sme phts with a selfie stick.
D. Drawing sme pictures in the galleries.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参观中央博物馆前的注意事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bking tickets小标题下“The quietest time f the year is between late Octber and early December.”（一年中最安静的时间是10月下旬到12月初。）可知，游客想要更安静地参观应该选择十一月十日。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fd and drink小标题下“The Curt Cafe is lcated n the first flr f the Great Curt next t the Pacific Gallery, serving freshly made sandwiches, salads and cakes, as well as a selectin f ht and cld drinks.”（Curt Cafe咖啡馆位于Great Curt的一楼，毗邻太平洋画廊，供应新鲜制作的三明治、沙拉和蛋糕，以及各种冷热饮料。）可知，游客可以在Great Curt的一层的Curt Cafe买到食物。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bking tickets标题下“Visits are available each day fr thse wh dn’t have advance bkings, but this des depend n capacity.”（那些没有提前预订的人每天都可以参观，但这取决于容量。）可知，没有提前预约也可以到馆参观。故选A项。
B
It was a snwy day during the spring break when I walked int a great restaurant. In this blizzard weather, it was the nly restaurant that remained pen.
The restaurant has a lng histry in Hng Kng. Its wners, the cuple, Peter and Michelle, have been running the restaurant since 2007.
“Things have changed a lt in the past 30 years,” Peter said. “Chinese students 20 years ag thught that a 70-cent bwl f rice was t expensive, but nw a $20 meal is acceptable”. He als said that the new generatin f Chinese students engaged with ther students, bringing all their nn-Chinese friends t visit the restaurant.
Peter takes great pride in his wn cking. He was curius abut hw the fd was made and why particular fds r sauces had specific tastes. He chse t serve mainly Guangdng and Sichuan fd at the restaurant, featuring the family-style Chinese dim sum r ht pt.
When I asked whether he wuld mdify the taste f the dishes t suit the taste f mst Americans, Peter said, “We are nt like thse American Chinese restaurants. We prvide the genuine Chinese taste t ur custmers, and they will lve it because it is delicius, and their taste will suit the taste f ur dishes, nt the ther way arund.”
“If I hear cmplaints frm my custmers, I will be s upset that I can’t fall asleep at night”, he said. “Luckily mst f my favrite dishes received wide acclaim frm my custmers and it takes mre than ne persn’s effrt.”
He cmpares himself with the craftsmen in China wh are prud f preserving ancient Chinese art and whse mtivatin is nly n peple’s enjyment f their wrk and thught.
Such a spirit f craftsmanship has been remarkable and greatly valued in the past. The craftsman’s spirit with perfectin, precisin, cncentratin, and patience remains in Peter and his cking.
4. Hw lng have the cuple been running the restaurant?
A. 16 yearsB. 20 yearsC. 30 yearsD. 70 years
5. Why is the restaurant different frm ther American Chinese restaurants?
A. Its custmers are mainly Chinese.
B. It sticks t its riginal taste f the dishes.
C. It adjusts the taste accrding t the custmers.
D. Its menu merely cntains Guangdng and Sichuan fd.
6. Which wrds can best describe Peter?
A. Generus and patient.B. Ambitius and ecnmical.
C. Thughtful and humrus.D. Precise and devted.
7. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. He believes that cking just needs ne persn’s effrt.
B. He shws an interest in preserving ancient Chinese art.
C. He takes pride in cking the best typical Chinese cuisine.
D. He cares abut the taste f the dishes rather than custmers’ cmplaints.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家有悠久历史的餐厅的情况以及餐厅的经营者对于烹饪的一些感悟。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The restaurant has a lng histry in Hng Kng. Its wners, the cuple, Peter and Michelle, have been running the restaurant since 2007.(这家餐厅在香港有着悠久的历史。它的主人彼得和米歇尔夫妇从2007年开始经营这家餐厅)”可知，这对夫妇经营这家餐馆2023-2007=16年了。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“We are nt like thse American Chinese restaurants. We prvide the genuine Chinese taste t ur custmers, and they will lve it because it is delicius, and their taste will suit the taste f ur dishes, nt the ther way arund.(我们不像那些美国的中餐馆。我们为顾客提供真正的中国口味，他们会喜欢它，因为它很美味，他们的口味会适合我们的菜的味道，而不是相反)”可知，这家餐厅和其他美国中餐馆的不同在于坚持菜肴的原汁原味。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The craftsman’s spirit with perfectin, precisin, cncentratin, and patience remains in Peter and his cking.(完美、精确、专注和耐心的工匠精神仍然存在于彼得和他的烹饪中)”可推知，彼得是个做事精确且专注的人。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Peter takes great pride in his wn cking. He was curius abut hw the fd was made and why particular fds r sauces had specific tastes. He chse t serve mainly Guangdng and Sichuan fd at the restaurant, featuring the family-style Chinese dim sum r ht pt.(彼得对自己的厨艺非常自豪。他很好奇食物是如何制作的，以及为什么特定的食物或酱汁有特定的味道。他选择以粤菜和川菜为主，特色是中式点心或火锅)”以及倒数第二段“He cmpares himself with the craftsmen in China wh are prud f preserving ancient Chinese art and whse mtivatin is nly n peple’s enjyment f their wrk and thught.(他把自己比作中国的工匠，他们以保存中国古代艺术而自豪，他们的动机只是为了让人们享受他们的工作和思想)”可推知，他以烹饪出最地道的中国菜而自豪。故选C。
C
By mid-century there will likely be 9 billin peple n the planet, using ever mre resurces and leading ever mre technlgically cmplex lives. What will ur cities be like? Hw much will artificial intelligence (AI) advance? Will glbal warming cause disastrus changes, r will we be able t engineer ur way ut f the climate change issues? Recently, the magazine Big Think asked tp minds frm a variety f fields t weigh in n what the future hlds 40 years frm nw. The result is as fllws.
It's likely that by 2050 the majrity f the peple in the wrld will live in urban areas and will have a much higher average age than peple tday. Cities therist Richard thinks urbanizatin will transfrm the educatin system f, making ur ecnmy less huses driven and remving the divisins between hme and wrk.
And rapidly advancing technlgy will cntinue ever mre rapidly. Cities f the future wn't lk like “sme srt f science-fictin fantasy”, but it's likely that technlgical advances and infrmatin verlays (VR and AR) will greatly change hw we live. Self- driving cars will make the rads safer and prvide faster transprts. A larger versin f driverless cars-driverless trucks — may make lng-distance drivers ut f date.
Sme lng view predictins are cmpletely dire. Envirnmentalist Bill says that if we dn't make great prgress in fighting glbal warming, it's likely we culd see ut-f- cntrl rises in sea levels, huge crp shrtfalls and wars ver limited freshwater resurces.
In terms f hw we will eat, green markets funder and “real fd" supprter Nina believes that there will be mre small milk prcessing plants and mre reginal fd peratins and we'll be healthier as a result. New Yrk Times writer Mark thinks that peple will eat fewer prcessed fds and eat fds grwn clser t where they live. And mre peple will be aware f the ethical respnsibility" t grw fds.
8. What may happen by 2050 based n the magazine Big Think ?
A. Educatin will be driven by ecnmy.B. The majrity f peple will be taller.
C. AI will cause disastrus changes.D. Mst peple will live in big cities.
9. What d we knw abut technlgy in the future accrding t Paragraph 3?
A. It will make peple live in science-fictin fantasy.
B. It will ensure safer transprts due t faster cars.
C. It will greatly change the way in which peple live.
D. It will increase the number f lng-distance drivers.
10. What des the underlined wrd "dire" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Magical.B. Terrible.C. Ridiculus.D. Meaningful.
11. What des Nina think f fds in the future?
A. Peple will eat healthier and fresher fds.
B. Land-raised farm systems will be imprved.
C. There will be smaller reginal fd peratins,
D. Fd supplies will becme much mre limited.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道杂志Big Think就40年后的世界会如何这一话题，邀请了各行各业的精英人士发表评论。并展示了评论内容。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“It's likely that by 2050 the majrity f the peple in the wrld will live in urban areas…”可知2050年大多数人将住在城镇地区。即住在城市cities。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Cities f the future wn't lk like “sme srt f science-fictin fantasy”, but it's likely that technlgical advances and infrmatin verlays (VR and AR) will greatly change hw we live.”可知虽然将来的城市不会像科幻小说幻想的那样，但技术的进步和信息覆盖会极大地改变我们的生活。即改变我们生活的方式 the way in which peple live。故选C项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段第二句“Envirnmentalist Bill says that if we dn't make great prgress in fighting glbal warming, it's likely we culd see ut-f- cntrl rises in sea levels, huge crp shrtfalls and wars ver limited freshwater resurces.(环境学家的推测：如果我们不加快与温室效应斗争，海平面上升可能会失控，粮食严重不足，因缺乏淡水资源导致的战争等问题都可能出现。)”故这是对将来世界不好一面的推测。故选项B，Terrible糟糕的符合题意。故选B项。
【11题详解】
细节推理题。最后一段第一句“Nina believes that there will be mre small milk prcessing plants and mre reginal fd peratins and we'll be healthier as a result.”指出Nina相信将来会有更多的小型牛奶加工工厂、区域食物公司，因此人们会更健康。这两类工厂、公司的增多意味着食品加工程序简化，因此食物也会更新鲜。故选A项。
D
Hw yu fld a paper airplane can determine hw fast r hw far it ges. A lt f peple arrive at the best designs thrugh trial and errr, and perhaps a little bit f luck. But this questin is n child’s play fr the researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute f Technlgy Lausanne.
“Seemingly a simple ty, the paper airplane actually shws cmplex aerdynamic (空气动力学的) behavirs which are mst ften ignred,” the researchers said. “When the paper airplane is launched, there are cmplex physical interactins between the paper structure and the surrunding air, leading t a particular flight behavir.”
T examine the relatinship between a flding pattern and the flight, they develped a rbtic system that can make varius paper planes and then test, analyze, and mdel their flight behavirs. In this experiment, the rbt made and launched ver 500 paper airplanes with 50 different designs. Then it cllected data n hw far each design flew and the characteristics f that flight.
The researchers srted different shapes rughly int three types f “behaviral grups”.
The first type fllws a nsedive (俯冲) path, which means a shrt flight distance befre landing n the grund. The secnd type des a glide (滑行), falling at a cnsistent and relatively cntrlled rate, and cvers a lnger distance than the nsedive. The third type is a recvery glide, falling steadily befre leveling f and staying at a certain height abve the grund.
“With the high precisin and autmatin f the rbtic system, large-scale experiments can be perfrmed t imprve design,” the researchers nted. “The rbt designer can deepen ur understanding and explratin f design prblems, and culd therwise be challenging t bserve any behavir.”
This insight can als apply t the changeable flight paths f small flying vehicles. “These mdels can be used t imprve a real-wrld rbtic design t identify wing shapes that fly a given distance,” the researchers said.
12. What can be inferred frm the researchers’ wrds in Paragraph 2?
A. It is difficult t design a perfect paper airplane.
B. There is mre t explre abut paper airplanes.
C. The paper airplane is a ppular ty fr children.
D. It is likely t cntrl paper airplanes’ behavirs.
13. What can the rbtic system d?
A. Prmte paper airplanes t fly much farther.
B. Leave paper airplanes high abve the grund.
C. Create paper airplanes with different designs.
D Change paper airplanes’ flight characteristics.
14. What did the researchers expect t d thrugh the experiment?
A. Enhance the design f airplanes.
B. Prve the precisin f airplanes.
C. Predict the develpment f airplanes.
D. Increase the autmatin f airplanes.
15. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Researchers test their innvative ideas n paper airplanes.
B Researchers design a real-wrld rbt with paper airplanes.
C. Researchers can design varius wing shapes fr paper airplanes.
D. Researchers create a rbt t learn mre abut paper airplanes’ flight.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员认为纸飞机的飞行行为非常值得研究，因此开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，以此收集各种数据来改进设计。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中研究人员所说的话“Seemingly a simple ty, the paper airplane actually shws cmplex aerdynamic (空气动力学的) behavirs which are mst ften ignred (纸飞机看似是一个简单的玩具，实际上却表现出复杂的空气动力学行为，而这些行为往往被忽略)”和“When the paper airplane is launched, there are cmplex physical interactins between the paper structure and the surrunding air, leading t a particular flight behavir. (当纸飞机发射时，纸结构与周围空气之间存在复杂的物理相互作用，导致特定的飞行行为。)”可知，纸飞机的飞行实际上非常复杂，涉及复杂的物理相互作用，但却被忽略了。由此推知，关于纸飞机还有很多值得探索的地方。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“T examine the relatinship between a flding pattern and the flight, they develped a rbtic system that can make varius paper planes and then test, analyze, and mdel their flight behavirs. (为了研究折叠模式和飞行之间的关系，他们开发了一个机器人系统，可以制作各种纸飞机，然后测试、分析和模拟它们的飞行行为。)”可知，机器人系统可以制作不同设计的纸飞机。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中研究人员所说话“With the high precisin and autmatin f the rbtic system, large-scale experiments can be perfrmed t imprve design (随着机器人系统的高精度和自动化，可以进行大规模的实验来改进设计)”可知，研究人员期待在实验中加强飞机的设计。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了研究人员认为纸飞机的飞行行为非常值得研究，因此开发了一个机器人系统，制作各种纸飞机，对其飞行行为进行测试、分析和模拟，以此收集各种数据来改进设计。因此，D项“研究人员制作了一个机器人来了解更多关于纸飞机的飞行”可概括文章大意。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
Yur eyes can water fr many reasns, including weather, allergies (过敏) r, mre seriusly, an infectin. ____16____ They might help explain why it’s happening.
Watering due t weather
Changes in seasns typically can cause changes t the eye due t the amunt f humidity in the air and allergens. As winter appraches and we increase heat at hme, wrk and in the car, the air lses humidity, which causes the eye t becme very dry. ____17____ But the type f tear prduced desn’t help lubricate (润滑) the eye and results in watering f these extra tears.
Pink eye
Pink eye is ne f the mst frustrating eye cnditins. It cmmnly causes red and very watery eyes. ____18____ It is cntagius (接触传染的) and can lake multiple weeks t reslve. Unfrtunately, since pink eye is usually caused by a virus, n antibitic eye drp can reslve the cnditin.
Watering and dry eye
____19____ Tears are made f three ingredients and, if there’s an imbalance in these, the tears wn’t stay n the eye and will result in watering. Mst cmmnly, it’s because the il layer f the tears is lacking.
Eye scratches
A scratch n the crnea (角膜) is extremely painful and will cause redness, blurred visin and watering. The crnea is ne f the mst sensitive parts f the bdy and usually heals quickly with apprpriate treatment. If yu think yur eye is scratched, it’s best t see yur eye dctr as sn as pssible. ____20____
A. Otherwise, it can easily becme infected.
B. Mst pink eye is caused by a virus, like the cmmn cld.
C. S yur eyes try t help increase the amunt f tears prduced.
D. This can cause redness and dryness f the eyelid itself and watering.
E. Even just walking thrugh an area with allergens can cause eyes t water.
F. It seems nt lgical, but watering is the mst bthersme sign f dry eye.
G. If yur eyes water suddenly, watch the envirnmental factrs yu’re being expsed t.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍眼睛流泪的原因以及环境因素可能有助于解释为什么会发生这种情况。
【16题详解】
根据上文提示“Yur eyes can water fr many reasns, including weather, allergies (过敏) r, mre seriusly, an infectin.（眼睛流泪的原因有很多，包括天气、过敏，或者更严重的是感染。）”可知，设空处应该在说眼睛流泪的原因。承接上文，G项If yur eyes water suddenly, watch the envirnmental factrs yu’re being expsed t.（如果你的眼睛突然流泪，注意你所接触的环境因素。）切题。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文提示“As winter appraches and we increase heat at hme, wrk and in the car, the air lses humidity, which causes the eye t becme very dry.（随着冬天的临近，我们在家里、办公室和车里增加了热量，空气失去了湿度，这导致眼睛变得非常干燥。）”再根据下文提示“But the type f tear prduced desn’t help lubricate (润滑) the eye and results in watering f these extra tears.（但是产生的这种眼泪并不能润滑眼睛，反而会导致这些多余的眼泪流出来。）”可知，眼睛变得干燥，眼睛会帮助产生眼泪。承接上下文，C项S yur eyes try t help increase the amunt f tears prduced.（所以你的眼睛试图帮助增加眼泪的产生量。）切题。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据该段小标题Pink eye和上文提示“Pink eye is ne f the mst frustrating eye cnditins. It cmmnly causes red and very watery eyes.（红眼病是最令人沮丧的眼病之一。它通常会导致眼睛发红和流泪。）”可知，设空处应该在说导致红眼病的原因。承接上文，B项Mst pink eye is caused by a virus, like the cmmn cld.（大多数红眼病是由病毒引起的，比如普通感冒。）切题。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据该段小标题Watering and dry eye和下文提示“Tears are made f three ingredients and, if there’s an imbalance in these, the tears wn’t stay n the eye and will result in watering. Mst cmmnly, it’s because the il layer f the tears is lacking. （眼泪是由三种成分组成的，如果这三种成分不平衡，眼泪就不会留在眼睛上，而会导致流泪。最常见的是，这是因为眼泪的油层缺乏。）”，可知，设空处应该在说流泪。顺承下文，F项It seems nt lgical, but watering is the mst bthersme sign f dry eye.（这似乎不合逻辑，但流泪是干眼症最令人烦恼的迹象。）切题。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文提示“If yu think yur eye is scratched, it's best t see yur eye dctr as sn as pssible.（如果你认为你的眼睛被抓伤了，最好尽快去看眼科医生。）”可知，下文应该在说不去看会产生的后果。承接上文，A项Otherwise, it can easily becme infected.（否则，很容易感染。）切题。故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Cdy Wilkins sat n the bench, while his sccer teammates were scring gals n the field. It had been a(n) ___21___ high schl year fr him. He was the nly freshman n the team. He mst never gt t play, and he felt like a___22___.
“My cnfidence was sht. I thught maybe I wasn’t as gd as my caches thught I was during tryut. I thught maybe I shuld ___23___.” Cdy says.
Cdy suffered nce he discvered he wasn’t a gd sccer player. But he ___24___ t keep ging. “The struggle I___25___made me want t wrk harder,” he says. “Hwever talented yu are, yu can always ___26___ in sprts.”
Then Cdy tk advantage f his ___27___ n the bench t watch his mre skilled and experienced teammates play the game, and by the time he was a junir, he had imprved s much that he was ___28___ captain f his team. He is nw a senir and is being ___29___ t play sccer fr several clleges.
If yu base yur ___30___just n whether yu win r lse, yu will never be happy. Winning is always ___31___ because there is always anther ___32___ waiting fr yu.
N ne is___33___. But yu shuld learn abut yur strengths and weaknesses and knw hw t___34___ frm failure. Once yu accept that lsing smething isn’t the end f yur wrld, yu can get n with the business f living yur life and learning frm it. In the lng run, this is ___35___.
21. A. tughB. differentC. cmmnD. intense
22. A. geniusB. failureC. flD. cach
23. A. waitB. prceedC. tryD. quit
24. A. decidedB. pretendedC. prmisedD. hesitated
25. A. carried nB. tk upC. went thrughD. gt ver
26. A. changeB. imprveC. lseD. participate
27. A. scheduleB. patienceC. timeD. psitin
28. A. calledB. cnsideredC. recgnizedD. named
29. A. selectedB. persuadedC. inspiredD. required
30. A. attitudeB. interestC. hnrD. value
31. A. tempraryB. rewardingC. significantD. challenging
32. A. ptinB. cmpetitinC. chanceD. surprise
33. A. uselessB. generusC. uniqueD. perfect
34. A. judgeB. benefitC. releaseD. withdraw
35. A. pssibleB. practicalC. invaluableD. invisible
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Cdy Wilkins原本在替补席，后来经过自己的努力，他成为了球队的队长，并被几所大学选为足球运动员，文章说明人要学会从失败中获益。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，这是艰难的高中一年。A. tugh困难的；B. different不同的；C. cmmn常见的；D. intense紧张的。由后文的“He mst never gt t play”可知，他很少有机会上场踢球，所以这是艰难的高中一年，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没有机会打球，他觉得自己是个失败者。A. genius天才；B. failure失败者；C. fl傻瓜；D. cach教练。由上文“He mst never gt t play”可知，他很少有机会上场踢球，因此他觉得自己是个失败者，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想也许我应该退出。A. wait等待；B. prceed继续进行；C. try尝试；D. quit退出。由上文的“I wasn’t as gd as my caches thught”可知，作者觉得自己不够好，所以作者想也许自己应该退出，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他决定继续前进。A. decided决定；B. pretended假装；C. prmised答应；D. hesitated犹豫。由后文的“made me want t wrk harder”可知，作者是决定要继续前进，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我经历的斗争让我想要更努力地工作。A. carried n继续；B. tk up占据；C. went thrugh经历；D. gt ver克服。由上文的“The struggle I”和前面作者所遇到的事情可知，本句的意思是“我经历的斗争让我想要更努力地工作”，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管你多么有天赋，你总能在运动方面提高。A. change改变；B. imprve提高；C. lse失去；D. participate参加。由第7空后的“he had imprved s much”可知，句子表示“不管你多么有天赋，你总能在运动方面提高”，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后科迪利用他在替补席上的时间观看了他更有技术和经验的队友打球，到他大三的时候，他进步很大，他被任命为球队的队长。A. schedule安排；B. patience耐心；C. time时间；D. psitin位置。由后文的“t watch his mre skilled and experienced teammates play the game”可知，科迪利用他在替补席上的时间观看了他更有技术和经验的队友打球，因此空格处是“时间”，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后科迪利用他在替补席上的时间观看了他更有技术和经验的队友打球，到他大三的时候，他进步很大，他被任命为球队的队长。A. called打电话；B. cnsidered考虑；C. recgnized识别；D. named任命。由后面的“captain f his team”可知，他是被任命为球队的队长，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他现在是一名大四学生，并被几所大学选为足球运动员。A. selected选择；B. persuaded说服；C. inspired鼓舞；D. required要求。由后面的“play sccer fr several clleges”可知，他被几所大学选为足球运动员，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你只把你的价值建立在输赢之上，你将永远不会快乐。A. attitude态度；B. interest兴趣；C. hnr荣誉；D. value价值。由后面的“whether yu win r lse”可知，句子表示“如果你只把你的价值建立在输赢之上”，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：胜利总是暂时的，因为总会有另一场比赛在等着你。A. temprary暂时的；B. rewarding有回报的；C. significant意义重大的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据后面的“because there is always anther ___12___ waiting fr yu”可知，此处是说“胜利总是暂时的，因为总会有另一场比赛在等着你”，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：胜利总是暂时的，因为总会有另一场比赛在等着你。A. ptin选择；B. cmpetitin比赛；C. chance机会；D. surprise惊讶。由后文的“waiting fr yu”和前面的“Winning is always ___11_”可知，句子表示“胜利总是暂时的，因为总会有另一场比赛在等着你”，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人无完人。A. useless除非；B. generus慷慨的；C. unique独特的；D. perfect完美的。由后文的“But yu shuld learn abut yur strengths and weaknesses and knw hw t___14___ frm failure”可知，人有自己的长处和短处，人无完人，因此空格处是“完美的”，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但你应该了解自己的长处和短处，知道如何从失败中获益。A. judge判断；B. benefit对……有益；C. release释放；D. withdraw退出。由后文的“Once yu accept that lsing smething isn’t the end f yur wrld, yu can get n with the business f living yur life and learning frm it”可知，你应该了解自己的长处和短处，知道如何从失败中获益，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从长远来看，这是无价的。A. pssible可能的；B. practical实际的；C. invaluable无价的；D. invisible看不见的。由上文的“yu can get n with the business f living yur life and learning frm it”可知，一旦你接受失去一些东西并不是你的世界末日，你就可以继续你的生活并从中学习，这在长远看来是对人很宝贵的，因此空格处是“无价的”，故选C。
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共55分）
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
Adam Braun established the rganizatin Pencils f Prmise in 2008. Its gal is ____36____ (make) sure all children have a chance fr educatin. In the past few years, it ____37____ (help) mre than 22, 000 children in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
It started when Adam Braun was a cllege student. He was visiting India when a by stpped ____38____ (he) n the street and asked fr mney. Mr Braun asked the by ____39____ he wuld want if he culd have anything in the wrld. “I thught the answer was ging t be a huse, a car r a bat. His answer was ‘a pencil’,____40____ shcked me. S I gave him my pencil and he just lit up with jy. I realized he had never been t schl befre and that was the ____41____ (real) fr 57 millin children arund the wrld,” Braun said.
Adam Braun started wrking in finance after he graduated ____42____ cllege. But he never frgt the by and ____43____ prblem he represented. S he decided t devte himself t ____44____ (create) that wrld. Braun says his rganizatin wrks _____45_____ (clse) with the lcal educatin rganizatins, which rganize the main prgram f studies.
【答案】36. t make
37. has helped
38. him 39. what
40. which 41. reality
42. frm 43. the
44. creating
45. clsely
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了亚当·布劳恩于2008年成立了Pencils f Prmise组织。其目标是确保所有儿童都有受教育的机会，它帮助了非洲、亚洲、和拉丁美洲的很多孩子。
【36题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：其目标是确保所有儿童都有受教育的机会。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式t d作句子的表语成分，表示目的。故填t make。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，它已经帮助了非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲的22000多名儿童。根据前面的In the past few years时间状语可知，此处应为现在完成时，主语it为单数意义代词，所以为动词三单形式。故填has helped。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：他在印度旅游时，一个男孩在街上拦住他，向他要钱。由空前stpped为动词可知，此处应为代词宾格形式him。故填him。
【39题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：布劳恩先生问小男孩，如果他能得到世界上任何东西，他想要什么。分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作want的宾语，意为“一些东西”。故填what。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他的回答是“一支铅笔”，这让我很震惊。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：我意识到他以前从未上过学，而这正是全世界5700万儿童面临的现实。由空前定冠词the可知，此处为名词形式reality，作表语，且此处特指这一现实，应用单数。故填reality。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：亚当·布劳恩大学毕业后就开始从事金融工作。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语graduate frm“从……毕业”，所以此处为介词frm的填入。故填frm。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但他从未忘记那个男孩和他所代表的问题。根据句意以及空前and连接的the by可知，此处为表示特指他代表的问题，为特指概念。故填the。
【44题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：所以他决定投身于创造这样一个世界。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语devte neself t ding“某人致力于做某事”。故填creating。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：布劳恩说，他的组织与当地教育组织密切合作，后者组织了主要的学习项目。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词clsely修饰动词wrks。故填clsely。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文 (满分 15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校下周五将举办中医针灸(acupuncture)的讲座。你的英国朋友Jack对传统中医很感兴趣，请写封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：
1.写邮件的目的；
2.讲座的相关信息(时间、地点、主要内容等)；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Knwing yu are enthusiastic abut traditinal Chinese medical treatments, I’m writing t invite yu t attend a lecture n acupuncture t be held in ur schl.
The lecture is t take place at 6:30 p.m. next Friday in the schl hall, which will last tw hurs. Varius aspects f acupuncture will be cvered, ranging frm its rigin t its applicatin in treating health prblems.
It must be a glden chance t learn sme medical skills and further explre Chinese culture. Lking frward t yur reply. (87 wrds)
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jack写封信，邀请他参加下周五在学校举办的中医针灸(acupuncture)的讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→pprtunity
出席：attend→be present
各种各样的：varius→varieties f
对……感兴趣：be enthusiastic abut→be interested in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Varius aspects f acupuncture will be cvered, ranging frm its rigin t its applicatin in treating health prblems.
拓展句：Varius aspects f acupuncture will be cvered, which range frm its rigin t its applicatin in treating health prblems.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knwing yu are enthusiastic abut traditinal Chinese medical treatments, I’m writing t invite yu t attend a lecture n acupuncture t be held in ur schl.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】The lecture is t take place at 6:30 p.m. next Friday in the schl hall, which will last tw hurs.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was just anther busy day until I met the by n the bus. He was nt a passenger like me. He was, what we call a street child, an 8-10-year-ld kid with a wrn T-shirt. These prly dressed kids were seen almst everywhere in Dhaka city. But what was special abut that by was his face. There was “smething” in him that caught my attentin. That was an angelic(天使般的)baby face with little care.
He gt straight int the bus as it stpped at a traffic light. The bus helper shuted at him in the first place. But instead f talking back, the by kept silent and started handing ut a piece f paper t all the passengers. What was written in the paper was, in shrt, that his father died a cuple f years ag. His mther wrked at huses. He badly needed mney t help his family, s he wished smene warm-hearted t buy chclates frm him.
This was nthing new t peple wh tk a bus every day and I was n different. I had my earphnes n, listening t sme relaxing music t kill time. When he came t me t get the paper back, I casually gave him sme mney. Thankfully it brught sme smiles n his face. He was abut t give me ten chclates in return fr the mney I gave t him when I stpped him.
“I dn’t like chclates, brther. S there is n need f chclates. Yu can have the mney,” I said.
All f a sudden, the smile n his face disappeared.
“I’m nt a beggar. Please take the chclate, r take yur mney back.”
His straight answer greatly surprised me. I even felt he was slightly angry. I had given mney t many kids befre, withut taking their chclates. But this time smething seemed different. I realized his angelic baby face was nt the nly thing special abut him.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The by put ten chclates n my seat and gt ff the bus.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Having gt the by’s name, I decided t help him.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The by put ten chclates n my seat and gt ff the bus. Seeing his small figure disappear in the busy street, I felt at a lss. “I knw the by.” A vice flew thrugh the frzen air and drew me back t life. Then a man tld all f us that the by was a tp student in a primary schl nearby, whse mther fell ill due t the heavy wrk. In rder t raise sme mney fr his mther, the by had been selling chclates fr several weeks.
Having gt the by’s name, I decided t help him. I gt ff the bus at the next stp and tk a taxi t his schl. Upn arrival, I managed t find the headmaster and handed him $1000, asking him t secretly give the mney t the by wh I met selling chclates n the bus. The headmaster prmised t make everything perfect and thanked me n behalf f the by and his mther. Nw, I knew I culd g hme withut shame and regret.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者坐车时给钱给一个卖巧克力的男孩，但却不要巧克力。男孩执意将自己的巧克力给作者并说出让作者倍感意外的话，最终作者决定帮助男孩的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①.由第一段首句内容“男孩在我的座位上放了十块巧克力，然后下了车。”可知，第一段可描写男孩下车后作者的情绪变化以及因为这一幕而引发熟悉的人对男孩家庭情况的介绍。
②.由第二段首句内容“得知那个男孩的名字后，我决定帮助他。”可知，第二段可描写作者帮助男孩的过程。
2.续写线索：男孩下车——作者茫然——获知男孩情况——决定帮助他——帮助过程——获得感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.放置：put/ place
②.为某人筹集资金：raise mney fr sb./ cllect mney fr sb.
③.回家：g hme/return hme
情绪类
①.羞愧：shame/ abashment
②.懊悔：regret / remrse
【点睛】[高分句型1] Seeing his small figure disappear in the busy street, I felt at a lss.（运用了动名词短语作主语）
[高分句型2].. Then a man tld all f us that the by was a tp student in a primary schl nearby, whse mther fell ill due t the heavy wrk.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和whse引导的非限定性定语从句）
听力答案：1～5 BAABC 6～10 CAACB 11～15 CACBB 16～20 BCCBA