[英语][期末]辽宁省沈阳市省五校协作体2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末联考试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语][期末]辽宁省沈阳市省五校协作体2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末联考试题(解析版)，共22页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共 95 分)
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
ARTISTIC FLOWERTEA
Artistic flwer teas, als called blming teas, are a cmbinatin f green tea leaves and varius types f flwers such as Glbe Amaranth, Marigld, Lily, Jasmine, Osmanhtus and Carnatin Flwer, skillfully tied tgether int bundles. The specially designed flwer teas will blm int beautiful, artful shapes when brewed (冲泡). By the time enjying the sweet scent f it yu can als view the tea displaying as flwers in the water. They therefre shuld be brewed in a tall clear glass r glass teapt. Bring this charming and attractive flwer tea t yur custmers by cperating with Teas and Thes n the whlesale f flwer teas.
When the little rund tea is swelling in the ht water, yu will firstly see jasmine cming ut thrugh the crack between green tea’s leave. Several jasmines flat in a line, lking like a baby grwing in parents’ arms.
True Lve Flwering Tea is made up f high quality Silver Needle Green Tea, Jasmine, Marigld and Amaranth flwers. When brewed, it lks like tw peple standing and lking at each ther. Sharing this tea is the perfect way t tell smene hw much yu lve him/her.
Lk at this Christmas Tree Flwer Tea: the Glbe Amaranth, Chrysanthemum and Marigld are strung tgether int a line, just lking like a Christmas tree when blming. The red Chrysanthemum and Marigld are just like candles, bringing warmness and hpe.
When the little rund tea is swelling in the ht water, yu will firstly see marigld cming ut. Several marigld flat n the base f silver needle green tea and lily, which makes it lk like a baby grwing in parents’ arms, symblizing the happy life f a family.
1. Where can this passage prbably be taken frm?
A. textbkB. research paperC. magazineD. shpping brchure
2. Why are the prducts sld in this stre called “artistic” flwer teas?
A. they are a cmbinatin f green tea leaves and varius types f flwers
B. the flwer teas are mainly made up f flwers
C. teas can be brewed in a tall clear glass r glass teapt
D. flwer teas can blm int beautiful artful shapes when brewed
3. Which f the fllwing statement is True accrding t the passage?
A. If yu want t marry smene, yu can buy Family Happiness Flwer Tea t shw yur lve.
B. Candles shuld be used when brewing Christmas Tree Flwer Tea t get warmth and hpe.
C. True Lve Silver Needle Flwer Tea and Christmas Tree Flwer Tea are prduced in the same prvince.
D. Bth Family Happiness Silver Needle Flwer Tea and Family Happiness Flwer Tea use green tea leaves t represent babies.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了艺术花茶以及一些艺术花茶产品。
【1题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Artistic flwer teas, als called blming teas, are a cmbinatin f green tea leaves and varius types f flwers such as Glbe Amaranth, Marigld, Lily, Jasmine, Osmanhtus and Carnatin Flwer, skillfully tied tgether int bundles.(艺术花茶，也称为开花茶，是绿茶和各种类型的花的组合，如环球苋菜、万寿菊、百合、茉莉、桂花和康乃馨，巧妙地绑在一起成束。)”以及“Bring this charming and attractive flwer tea t yur custmers by cperating with Teas and Thes n the whlesale f flwer teas.(通过与Teas and Thes合作批发花茶，将这种迷人而吸引人的花茶带给您的顾客。)”可知，这是一篇介绍花茶和其产品的广告，可能出现在宣传的杂志上。故选C项。
【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Artistic flwer teas, als called blming teas, are a cmbinatin f green tea leaves and varius types f flwers such as Glbe Amaranth, Marigld, Lily, Jasmine, Osmanhtus and Carnatin Flwer, skillfully tied tgether int bundles. The specially designed flwer teas will blm int beautiful, artful shapes when brewed(冲泡).By the time enjying the sweet scent f it yu can als view the tea displaying as flwers in the water. (艺术花茶，也称为开花茶，是绿茶和各种类型的花的组合，如环球苋菜、万寿菊、百合、茉莉、桂花和康乃馨，巧妙地绑在一起成束。特别设计的花茶在冲泡时会绽放出美丽、巧妙的形状。当你享受它的甜味时，你还可以看到茶在水中盛开。)”可知，该店出售的产品之所以被称为“艺术”花茶，是因为花茶在冲泡时可以绽放出美丽的艺术形状。故选D项。
【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个表格“True Lve Silver Needle Flwer Tea, Fuding, Fujian, China SKU: W06011000(真爱银针花茶，福建福鼎，中国 SKU:W06011000)”以及第三个表格“Christmas Tree Flwer Tea, Hulin, Fujian, China(圣诞树花茶，福建虎林，中国 SKU:W06018000)”可知，真爱银针花茶和圣诞树花茶产自同一省——福建。故选C项。
B
The grwing ice cream franchise (特许经营权) is the brainchild f Tm Landis, a restaurateur (餐馆老板), wh wanted t create a safe space fr peple with special needs t wrk in the fd industry, plus the flavrs are great!
At the Dallas-based restaurant, emplyees serve large scps f ice cream handed ver with lve. Tm Landis has hired peple with special needs fr many years. But he culdn’t always prvide a jb fr everyne wh came t his fast-paced sandwich shps and pizza jints lking fr wrk. Determined t create a business where friendliness mattered and kitchens were safe, he landed n ice cream.
In 2015, he pened the first ice cream shp; there are nw seven franchises in cities including Asheville, El Pas, Indianaplis and Denver. Each shp creates 15 jbs in a safe envirnment fr peple with special needs. He said tw mre franchises were pening sn. “Our relentless missin is t emply all,” he said while interviewed by the lcal media.
Emplyees are behind sme f the best ideas at the ice cream shps, which bast (有) fun flavrs like tp-selling Dr Pepper Chclate Chip, and ther favrites like Cld Brew &Ckies and Strawberry Milkshake. In-stre sampling events are leading t deal with sme grcery stres in the cming mnths.
When Landis talked abut the varieties f ice cream in his shps, he said, “It just wrks. We sell ut every time.” In the sunny and brightly clred shps, emplyees spread kindness and happiness t their custmers as they dish ut extra ice cream and free sprinkles.
“That’s what ice cream is,” said Landis with jy. His emplyees are heres. “They lead me,” he added.
4. What des Landis intend t prvide fr peple with special needs?
A. A kind bss.B. Hug e salaries.
C. A rm t live.D. Safe wrking places.
5. What d we knw abut Landis’ sandwich shps?
A. They didn’t suit all jb hunters.B. The custmers there had special needs.
C. The fd there was made in factries.D. They had a nvel space fr custmers.
6. What des the authr mainly want t cnvey in paragraph 4?
A. The diversity f ice cream.B. The emplyees’ creativity.
C. The ppularity f ice cream.D. The friendship between emplyees.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Landis?
A. Mean but energetic.B. Successful and gentle.
C. Mdest and respnsible.D. Cnservative but practical.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Tm Landis想为有特殊需求的人在食品行业中创造一个安全的环境并提供美味的冰淇淋。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“The grwing ice cream franchise is the brainchild f Tm Landis, a restauranteur, wh wanted t create a safe space fr peple with special needs t wrk in the fd industry.(不断增长的冰淇淋特许经营权是餐馆老板汤姆·兰迪斯的创意，他想为有特殊需求的人在食品行业工作创造一个安全的空间。)”可知，Tm Landis想为有特殊需求的人在食品行业中创造一个安全的环境。故选D项。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“But he culdn’t always prvide a jb fr everyne wh came t his fast-paced sandwich shps and pizza jints lking fr wrk.(但他不能总是为每个来他快节奏的三明治店和披萨店找工作的人提供工作。)”可知，Landis的三明治商店并不适合所有的求职者。故选A项。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Emplyees are behind sme f the best ideas at the ice cream shps, which bast fun flavrs like tp-selling Dr Pepper Chclate Chip, and ther favrites like Cld Brew &Ckies and Strawberry Milkshake.”(员工们是冰淇淋店一些最佳创意的幕后推手，这些冰淇淋店以其有趣的口味而自豪，比如最畅销的Dr Pepper巧克力片，以及其他最受欢迎的口味，比如Cld Brew & Ckies和Strawberry Milkshake。)”可知，员工们很有创造力。故选B项。
【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“The grwing ice cream franchise is the brainchild f Tm Landis, a restauranteur, wh wanted t create a safe space fr peple with special needs t wrk in the fd industry, plus the flavrs are great!(不断增长的冰淇淋特许经营权是餐馆老板汤姆·兰迪斯的创意，他想为有特殊需求的人在食品行业工作创造一个安全的空间，而且味道好极了！)”可知，Tm Landis想为有特殊需求的人在食品行业中创造一个安全的环境，看得出Landis是有责任心的人；再根据最后一段的“His emplyees are heres. “They lead me,” he added.(他的员工都是英雄。他补充道，“他们引领着我”。)”可知，Landis是谦虚的。故选C项。
C
Which is safer-staying at hme, traveling t wrk n public transprt, r wrking in the ffice? Surprisingly, each f these carries the same risk, which is very lw. Hwever, what abut flying cmpared t wrking in the chemical industry? Unfrtunately, the frmer is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact, the accident rate f wrkers in the chemical industry is less than that f almst any f human activity, and almst as safe as staying at hme.
The truble with the chemical industry is that when things g wrng they ften cause death t thse living nearby. It is this that makes chemical accidents s newswrthy. Frtunately they are extremely rare. The mst famus nes happened at Texas City (1947), Flixbrugh( 1974), Seves (1976), Pemex (1984) and Bhpal (1984).
Sme f these are always in the minds f the peple even thugh the lss f life was small. N ne died at Seves, and nly 28 wrkers at Flixbrugh. The wrst accident f all was Bhpal, where up t 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explsin f fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a strage plant fr natural gas in the suburbs f Mexic City tk 542 lives, just a mnth befre the unfrtunate event at Bhpal.
Sme experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident t illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explsin was caused by tns f ammnium nitrate (硝酸氨), which is safe unless stred in great quantity. The Flixbrugh fireball was the fault f management, which tk risks t keep prductin ging during essential repairs. The Seves accident shws what happens if the lcal authrities lack knwledge f the danger n their drstep. When the pisnus gas drifted ver the twn, lcal leaders were incapable f taking effective actin. The Pemex fire was made wrse by an verladed site in an vercrwded suburb. The fire set ff a chain reactin f explding strage tanks. Yet, by a miracle, the tw Largest tanks did nt explde. Had these caught fire, then 3,000 strng rescue team and fire fighters wuld all have died.
8. Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A. Wrking at the ffice is safer than staying at hme.
B. Travelling t wrk n public transprt is safer than wrking at the ffice.
C. Staying at hme is safer than wrking in the chemical industry.
D. Wrking in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.
9. Chemical accidents are usually imprtant enugh t be reprted as news because________.
A. they are very rare
B. they ften cause lss f life
C. they always ccur in big cities
D. they aruse the interest f all the readers
10. Frm the passage we knw that ammnium nitrate is a kind f________.
A. natural gas, which can easily catch fire
B. fertilizer, which can’t be stred in a great quantity
C. pisnus substance, which can’t be used in vercrwded areas
D. fuel, which is stred in large tanks
11. Frm the discussin amng sme experts we may cnclude that ________.
A. natural gas stred in very large tanks is always safe
B. t avid any accidents we shuld nt repair the facilities in chemical industry
C. all these accidents culd have been avided r cntrlled if effective measures had been taken
D. the lcal authrities shuld nt be cncerned with the prductin f the chemical industry
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。虽然化学工业事故通常会造成人员伤亡，登上新闻，但其实在化学工业工作比乘飞机旅行安全。文章介绍了几个著名的化学工业事故，表明如果采取有效措施，所有这些事故都是可以避免或控制的。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句和第四句“Hwever, what abut flying cmpared t wrking in the chemical industry? Unfrtunately, the frmer is 65 times riskier than the latter! ”（但是，和在化学工业工作相比，飞行怎么样？不幸的是，前者的风险是后者的65倍！）可知，在化学工业工作比乘飞机旅行安全。所以选项D正确。故选D。
【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“The truble with the chemical industry is that when things g wrng they ften cause death t thse living nearby. It is this that makes chemical accidents s newswrthy. ”（化学工业的麻烦在于，一旦出现问题，经常会导致附近居民死亡。正因为如此，化学事故才如此有新闻价值。）可知，化学事故通常很重要，足以成为新闻报道，因为它们常常造成人员伤亡。故选B。
【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“The Texas City explsin f fertilizer killed 552. ”（德克萨斯州的肥料爆炸造成552人死亡。）和第四段第二句“Thus the Texas City explsin was caused by tns f ammnium nitrate (硝酸氨), which is safe unless stred in great quantity. ”（因此，德克萨斯州的爆炸是由成吨的硝酸铵引起的，硝酸铵除非大量储存，否则是安全的。）可知，硝酸铵是一种不能大量储存的肥料。故选B。
【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Thus the Texas City explsin was caused by tns f ammnium nitrate (硝酸氨), which is safe unless stred in great quantity. ”（因此，德克萨斯州的爆炸是由成吨的硝酸铵引起的，硝酸铵除非大量储存，否则是安全的。）和第三句“The Flixbrugh fireball was the fault f management, which tk risks t keep prductin ging during essential repairs. ”（Flixbrugh发生的火球是管理层的失误，他们在关键维修期间冒着风险维持生产。），第四句“The Seves accident shws what happens if the lcal authrities lack knwledge f the danger n their drstep. ”（塞维索事故表明，如果当地当局对家门口的危险缺乏了解，会发生什么。）和第六句“The Pemex fire was made wrse by an verladed site in an vercrwded suburb.”（墨西哥国家石油公司的火灾由于位于拥挤的郊区而更加严重。）可知，如果采取有效措施，所有这些事故都是可以避免或控制的。故选C。
D
It was a ruling that had cnsumers seething with anger and many a free trader crying ful. On Nvember 20th the Eurpean Curt f Justice decided that Tesc, a British supermarket chain, shuld nt be allwed t imprt jeans made by America’s Levi Strauss frm utside the Eurpean Unin and sell them at cut-rate prices withut getting permissin first frm the jeans maker. Irnically, the ruling is based n an EU trademark directive that was designed t prtect lcal, nt American, manufacturers frm price dumping. The idea is that any brand-wning firm shuld be allwed t psitin its gds and segment its markets as it sees fit: Levi’s jeans, just like Gucci handbags, must be allwed t be expensive.
Levi Strauss persuaded the curt that, by selling its jeans cheaply alngside sap pwder and bananas, Tesc was destrying the image and s the value f its brands-which culd nly lead t less innvatin and, in the lng run, wuld reduce cnsumer chice. Cnsumer grups and Tesc say that Levi’s case is specius. The supermarket argues that it was just arbitraging the price differential between Levi’s jeans sld in America and Eurpe-a service perfrmed a millin times a day in financial markets, and ne that has led t real benefits fr cnsumers. Tesc has been selling sme 15,000 pairs f Levi’s jeans a week, fr abut half the price they cmmand in specialist stres apprved by Levi Strauss. Christine Crss, Tesc’s head f glbal nn-fd surcing, says the ruling risks “creating a Frtress Eurpe with a vengeance”.
The debate will rage n, and has implicatins well beynd casual clthes (Levi Strauss was jined in its lawsuit by Zin Davidff, a perfume maker). The questin at its heart is nt whether brands need t cntrl hw they are sld t prtect their image, but whether it is the jb f the curts t help them d this. Gucci, an Italian clthes label whse image was being destryed by lse licensing and ver-expsure in discunt stres, saved itself nt by resrting t the curts but by ending cntracts with third-party suppliers, cntrlling its distributin better and pening its wn stres. It is nw hard t find cut-price Gucci anywhere.
Brand experts argue that Levi Strauss, which has been lsing market share t hipper rivals such as Diesel, is n lnger strng enugh t cmmand premium prices. Left t market frces, s-s brands such as Levi’s might well lade away and be replaced by fresher labels. With the curts prtecting its prices, Levi Strauss may hang n fr lnger. But n curt can help t make it a great brand again.
12. Which f the fllwing is nt true accrding t Paragraph 1?
A. Cnsumers and free traders were very angry.
B. Only the Levi’s maker can decide the prices f the jeans.
C. The ruling has prtected Levi’s frm price dumping.
D. Levi’s jeans shuld be sld at a high price.
13. The underlined wrd “specius” (paragraph 2) in the cntext prbably means ________.
A. respnsible fr neselfB. having t many dubts
C. nt as it seems t beD. raising misunderstanding
14. Gucci’s success shws that ________.
A. Gucci has successfully saved its wn image.
B. It has changed its fate with its wn effrt.
C. Opening its wn stres is the key t success.
D. It shuld be the curt’s duty t save its image.
15. Accrding t the passage, the dmed fate f Levi’s is caused by such factrs except that ________.
A. Hie rivals are cmpetitive
B. it fails t cmmand premium prices
C. market frces have their wn rules
D. the curt fails t give sme help
16. The authr’s attitude twards Levi’s prspect seems t be _________.
A. biasedB. indifferent
C. puzzlingD. bjective
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。11月20日，欧洲法庭对泰斯科这家英国连锁超市做出了如下判决：泰斯科不能从欧盟之外的国家进口李维斯·斯图尔斯公司生产的牛仔裤；未经牛仔制造商的许可，不得减价销售。文章对这一事件进行了报道。
【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“It was a ruling that had cnsumers seething with anger and many a free trader crying ful.”（这一裁决让消费者怒不可遏，许多自由贸易者也叫屈。）可知，选项A（消费者和自由贸易者非常愤怒。）正确，所以排除选项A；根据第一段第三句“Irnically, the ruling is based n an EU trademark directive that was designed t prtect lcal, nt American, manufacturers frm price dumping. ”（具有讽刺意味的是，这项裁决是基于欧盟的一项商标指令做出的，该指令旨在保护本国制造商免受价格倾销的影响，而非美国制造商。）可知，这一裁决保护了李维斯免遭价格倾销。所以选项C正确，排除选项C。根据第一段最后一句“Levi’s jeans, just like Gucci handbags, must be allwed t be expensive.”（李维斯的牛仔裤，就像Gucci的手提包一样，必须允许价格昂贵。）可知，李维斯的牛仔裤应该高价出售，所以选项D正确，排除选项D。选项B（只有李维斯的制造商才能决定牛仔裤的价格。）在文中没有提及，所以选项B错误。故选B。
【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段第三句“The supermarket argues that it was just arbitraging the price differential between Levi’s jeans sld in America and Eurpe”（该超市辩称，它只是在对美国和欧洲销售的李维斯牛仔裤的价差进行套利）可知，消费者团体和乐购认为李维斯的案例似是而非，由此可知画线词词义为“似是而非、并不是看起来那样”，故选C。
【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒第二段第三句“Gucci, an Italian clthes label whse image was being destryed by lse licensing and ver-expsure in discunt stres, saved itself nt by resrting t the curts but by ending cntracts with third-party suppliers, cntrlling its distributin better and pening its wn stres. ”（意大利服装品牌Gucci的形象正因宽松的许可制度和在折扣商店的过度曝光而受损，但它挽救自己的办法不是诉诸法庭，而是终止与第三方供应商的合同，更好地控制分销，并开设自己的门店。）可知，Gucci的成功表明，它用自己的努力改变了自己的命运。故选B。
【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段倒第二句“With the curts prtecting its prices, Levi Strauss may hang n fr lnger.”（在法庭保护其价格的情况下，Levi Strauss可能会撑得更久。）可知，法庭给了李维斯·斯图尔斯公司帮助。所以选项D不是因素之一。故选D。
【16题详解】观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者只是客观陈述这一事件，文中没有表明作者自己的观点，所以作者对Levi前途的态度似乎很客观。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题; 每小题 2. 5 分，满分 12. 5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Histry f the Autmbile
The autmbile, mre cmmnly knwn as the car, certainly cunts as ne f the greatest inventins in human histry. ____17____
As t wh invented the autmbile, the answer is nt quite s clear-cut. While sme give credit t Karl Benz, wh patented the first gas-pwered vehicle in 1886, thers give the praise t Gttlieb Daimelr. Incidentally, the tw inventrs’ cmpanies merge (合 并) in 1926 t frm the famus Mercedes-Benz.
____18____ It was Henry Frd wh designed a system f mass prductin that allwed him t prduce cars far mre cheaply, which in turn meant he culd sell them at lwer prices. By 1927, 15 millin f Frd’s famus all-black Mdel Ts had been prduced. Mass car wnership had becme a reality.
____19____ Inventrs were wrking n electric vehicles arund the same time that gas-pwered nes were being develped. The first electric car was designed in 1884 by Thmas Parker, the same man wh electrified the Lndn Undergrund. By 1900, electric vehicles were giving gas cars a run fr their mney. They were quiet, did nt give ff emissins, and were easier t drive, especially fr wmen. ____20____ They were difficult t charge when mst peple’s hmes didn’t have electricity. They were als rather expensive. In the end, Henry Frd’s cheap Mdel T put an end t interest in electric cars which didn’t becme ppular until the gas shrtages and envirnmental cncerns f the late 20th century.
Nw, early in the 21st century, we find urselves n the brink f yet anther age in autmbile histry. Electric cars are set t make the gas-guzzler (油 老 虎) ut f date. ____21____ Benz, Daimler and Parker wuld surely be amazed by hw far their dreams have cme.
A. But why were early electric cars nt ppular?
B. Hwever, they weren’t withut shrtcmings.
C. They were als ppular in Eurpean cuntries.
D. It allws peple t travel great distances quickly, safely and cheaply.
E. And self-driving cars may sn make human drivers a thing f the past.
F. At first, Eurpean mdels were far t expensive fr mst peple t buy.
G. Many peple think f electric vehicles as a new inventin, but actually that’s nt the case.
【答案】17. D 18. F 19. G 20. B 21. E
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了汽车的历史。
【17题详解】由上文“The autmbile, mre cmmnly knwn as the car, certainly cunts as ne f the greatest inventins in human histry. (autmbile，俗称汽车，当然是人类历史上最伟大的发明之一)”可知，本空要说跟“为什么是最伟大的发明之一”有关的话题，故D选项“It allws peple t travel great distances quickly, safely and cheaply. (它使人们能够快速、安全、廉价地长途旅行)”能承接上文，简要介绍汽车的优点，即解释前一句为什么汽车是最伟大的发明之一，符合题意。 故选D。
【18题详解】由下文“It was Henry Frd wh designed a system f mass prductin that allwed him t prduce cars far mre cheaply, which in turn meant he culd sell them at lwer prices. (正是亨利·福特设计了一套大规模生产系统，使他能够以更低的成本生产汽车，这反过来意味着他可以以更低的价格销售汽车)”可知，本空要说跟“价格”有关的话题，故F选项“At first, Eurpean mdels were far t expensive fr mst peple t buy. (起初，欧洲车型太贵了，大多数人都买不起)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】由下文“Inventrs were wrking n electric vehicles arund the same time that gas-pwered nes were being develped. The first electric car was designed in 1884 by Thmas Parker, the same man wh electrified the Lndn Undergrund. (在研发汽油动力汽车的同时，发明家们也在研发电动汽车。第一辆电动汽车是由托马斯·帕克于1884年设计的，他也是伦敦地铁电气化的发明者)”可知，本空要说跟“电动汽车时间”有关的话题，故G选项“Many peple think f electric vehicles as a new inventin, but actually that’s nt the case. (许多人认为电动汽车是一项新发明，但事实并非如此)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】由下文“They were als rather expensive. (它们也相当昂贵)”可知，这是电动汽车的缺点，故B选项“Hwever, they weren’t withut shrtcmings. (然而，它们并非没有缺点)”能引起下文，符合题意。
【21题详解】由上文“Nw, early in the 21st century, we find urselves n the brink f yet anther age in autmbile histry. Electric cars are set t make the gas-guzzler (油老虎) ut f date. (现在，在21世纪初，我们发现自己正处于汽车历史上另一个时代的边缘。电动汽车将使耗油量大的汽车过时)”可知，本空要说跟“汽车发展”有关的话题，故E选项“And self-driving cars may sn make human drivers a thing f the past.(自动驾驶汽车可能很快就会让人类司机成为过去)”能承接上文，符合题意。本题前一句说电动车将会使得燃油汽车退出历史舞台。本空继续展望未来，无人驾驶车辆将很快取代人员驾驶。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、 B 、 C 、 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Making predictins hinders (妨碍) the brain’s ability t remember the present mment, new research suggests. The hippcampus, a brain structure usually ____22____ with remembering events, als uses experiences t make frecasts (neurscientists call this “statistical learning”). ____23____ scientists writing in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences USA have nw demnstrated that the latter functin can disrupt (扰乱) the frmer.
Researchers shwed participants a series f phtgraphs n a screen withut telling them that sme image categries always ____24____ thers: muntains always came immediately after beaches, fr example. The subjects were intended t ____25____ learn these assciatins and begin t expect these pairings. Later, the participants were shwn the same phts again, mixed in with new examples, and were asked if they had ____26____ any f them befre. They accurately recalled seeing ____27____ images at a much better rate than the “predictive” nes (like the beach pictures).
The scientists repeated this prcess while scanning participants’ brains with functinal MRI. Each image categry prmpted a distinct neural activity pattern, and the ____28____ fr “predictable” categries were seen in the hippcampus when the crrespnding predictive categry was displayed. ____29____, this effect’s strength in fMRI crrespnded inversely (相反地) with participants’ memry task scres. “The mre evidence fr predictin we saw, the ____30____ their memry was fr thse predictive items,” such as a particular beach scene, says study lead authr and Yale University cgnitive neurscientist Brynn Sherman. This suggests that predictive images triggered the hippcampus t shift gears tward _____31_____ and away frm encding a new memry.
The study is amng the first t demnstrate hw making predictins _____32_____ human memry. Scientists previusly suspected that the hippcampus had a rle in statistical learning but had nt knwn hw it _____33_____ with memry frmatin. “This paper is a really nice demnstratin f the _____34_____ where the hippcampus is ding bth these things,” says University f Virginia cgnitive neurscientist Nicle Lng, wh was nt invlved in the research.
The team says this trade-ff ccurs because remembering and predicting bth use sme f the same _____35_____ pathways. In the paper, the authrs cmpare it with “using ne’s right ft t perate bth the brake and gas pedals in a car but nt bth at the same time.” This setup culd prevent memry redundancies and thus _____36_____ brainpwer, Sherman says: a successful predictin wuld cntain the same infrmatin as an actual utcme.
The brain circuitry (电路) that makes all this pssible still requires further research, Lng says. Fr instance, she wnders hw much repetitin is needed befre the hippcampus shifts frm recrding t predicting and whether it is pssible t train the structure t imprve bth mdes in tandem.
22. A. cnsistedB. interferedC. invlvedD. assciated
23. A. TherefreB. ButC. MreverD. While
24. A. resembledB. fllwedC. paralleledD. mirrred
25. A. cnsequentlyB. vluntarilyC. subcnsciuslyD. gradually
26. A. sughtB. spttedC. enlightenedD. witnessed
27. A. randmB. previusC. supernaturalD. magical
28. A. memriesB. messagesC. imagesD. patterns
29. A. MeanwhileB. LikewiseC. MreverD. Still
30. A. betterB. mreC. wrseD. shrter
31. A. frgetfulnessB. preventinC. predictinD. intentin
32. A. relatesB. enhancesC. strengthensD. affects
33. A. interactsB. dealsC. riginatesD. experiments
34. A. cmprmiseB. relatinshipC. apprachD. perfrmance
35. A. systematicalB. bilgicalC. intellectualD. emtinal
36. A. bserveB. preserveC. reserveD. cnserve
【答案】22. D 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. B 36. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新的研究表明，做出预测会阻碍大脑记住当下时刻的能力。
【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海马体是一种通常与记忆事件相关的大脑结构，它也利用经验来做出预测(神经科学家称之为“统计学习”)。A. cnsisted包括；B. interfered干涉；C. invlved参与；D. assciated与……相关。根据下文“with remembering events”可知，此处表示海马体是一种通常与记忆事件相关的大脑结构。故选D。
【23题详解】考查副词和连词词义辨析。句意：但科学家们在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表的文章现在已经证明，后者的功能可以破坏前者。A. Therefre因此；B. But但是；C. Mrever此外；D. While当……时。根据上文“The hippcampus, a brain structure usually ________ with remembering events, als uses experiences t make frecasts”以及下文“scientists writing in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences USA have nw demnstrated that the latter functin can disrupt (扰乱) the frmer.”可知，上下文之间为转折关系，空处应用连词But，表示“但是”。故选B。
【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员在屏幕上向参与者展示了一系列照片，但没有告诉他们某些图像类别总是紧随其后：例如，山脉总是紧随海滩之后。A. resembled类似于；B. fllwed跟随；C. paralleled与…相似；D. mirrred反射。根据下文“muntains always came immediately after beaches, fr example”可知，此处表示某些图像类别总是紧随其他类别。故选B。
【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：目的是实验对象下意识地学习这些关联，并开始期待这些配对。A. cnsequently因此；B. vluntarily自愿地；C. subcnsciusly下意识地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据下文“learn these assciatins and begin t expect these pairings.”可知，此处表示实验对象下意识地学习这些关联，开始期待这些配对。故选C。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：稍后，研究人员又向参与者展示了同样的照片，并将其中的新照片混在一起，并问他们以前是否见过这些照片。A. sught寻找；B. sptted看到；C. enlightened启发；D. witnessed见证。根据下文“They accurately recalled seeing ________ images at a much better rate than the “predictive” nes (like the beach pictures).”可知，此处表示他们被询问以前是否见过这些照片。故选B。
【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们准确地回忆起看到的随机图像比“预测性”图像(比如海滩图片)要快得多。A. randm随机的；B. previus之前的；C. supernatural超自然的；D. magical神奇的。根据下文“images at a much better rate than the “predictive” nes (like the beach pictures).”以及语境可知，此处表示随机图像与“预测性”图像进行比较。故选A。
【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每种图像类别都会提示一种不同的神经活动模式，当显示相应的预测类别时，在海马体中可以看到“可预测”类别的模式。A. memries记忆；B. messages信息；C. images图像；D. patterns模式。根据上文“Each image categry prmpted a distinct neural activity pattern”可知，此处表示“可预测”类别的模式。故选D。
【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，fMRI中这种效应的强度与参与者的记忆任务得分呈负相关。A. Meanwhile同时；B. Likewise同样地；C. Mrever此外；D. Still仍然。根据下文“this effect’s strength in MRI crrespnded inversely (相反地) with participants’ memry task scres.”以及语境可知，此处表示和上文并列的另一个现象，空处应用Mrever，表示“此外”。故选C。
【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看到的预测证据越多，他们对预测场景比如某个海滩的记忆力就越差。A. better更好的；B. mre更多的；C. wrse更差的；D. shrter更短的。根据上文“this effect’s strength in fMRI crrespnded inversely (相反地) with participants’ memry task scres.”以及“The mre evidence fr predictin we saw,”可知，fMRI中这种效应的强度与参与者的记忆任务得分呈负相关，所以看到的预测证据越多，对预测场景的记忆力就越差。故选C。
【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这表明预测图像触发了海马体，使其转向预测——而不是编码新的记忆。A. frgetfulness健忘；B. preventin阻止；C. predictin预测；D. intentin意图。根据下文“and away frm encding a new memry.”以及语境可知，此处表示预测图像触发了海马体，使其转向预测。故选C。
【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究是首批证明预测如何影响人类记忆的研究之一。A. relates与……相关；B. enhances增强；C. strengthens增强；D. affects影响。根据上文“This suggests that predictive images triggered the hippcampus t shift gears tward ________ and away frm encding a new memry.”可知，这项研究证明了预测如何影响人类记忆。故选D。
【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家先前怀疑海马体在统计学习中起作用，但尚不清楚它是如何与记忆相互作用的。A. interacts相互作用；B. deals处理；C. riginates起源；D. experiments做实验。根据上文“The study is amng the first t demnstrate hw making predictins ________ human memry.”可知，此处表示科学家尚不清楚海马体与记忆如何相互作用。故选A。
【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这篇论文很好地证明了海马体同时在做这两件事时的折中。A. cmprmise妥协，折中；B. relatinship关系；C. apprach方法；D. perfrmance表演。根据下文“The team says this trade-ff ccurs because remembering and predicting bth use sme f the same ________ pathways.”可知，此处表示海马体同时在做这两件事时的折中。故选A。
【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该团队表示，之所以会出现这种权衡，是因为记忆和预测都使用了相同的生物途径。A. systematical系统的；B. bilgical生物的；C. intellectual智力的；D. emtinal情绪的。根据上文“This paper is a really nice demnstratin f the ________ where the hippcampus is ding bth these things,”可知，海马体同时完成记忆和预测，所以此处表示使用了相同的生物途径。故选B。
【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sherman说，这种设置可以防止记忆冗余，从而节省脑力：成功的预测将包含与实际结果相同的信息。A. bserve观察；B. preserve保存；C. reserve预订（座位等）；D. cnserve节省。根据上文“This setup culd prevent memry redundancies and thus”可知，此处表示这种设置可以防止记忆冗余，从而节省脑力。故选D。
第 II 卷(非选择题 共 55 分)
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An accident in a bicycle race in the United States eight years ag alerted James Chang t the imprtance f sprts medicine. One f his riding cmpanins was injured ____37____ (severe) in the accident.
Frm then n, Chang, 45, a Chinese-American wh was brn in Anhui prvince, began t launch business relating t physical safety and medical assistance particularly in sprt. S when he tk ____38____ marathn running tw years ag he was shcked t see frequent injuries, many f them ____39____ (avid).
“I always heard peple talking abut peple in marathns in China dying suddenly,” he says, adding that ne reasn why many f these deaths happen is that there is a lt f ____40____ (ignre) in China abut what marathn running invlves.
Many amateur runners in China wh are highly cmpetitive get carried away and run at a pace that is far in excess f ____41____ they can expect their bdy t take, and even ignre clear signals such as pain, Chang says.
As Chinese have placed mre emphasis n leading healthy lifestyles in recent years, marathn as well as ther lng-distance running ____42____ (becme) a highly ppular sprt acrss the cuntry quickly.
Mre than 50 China Athletic Assciatin-sanctined urban marathns were held in the cuntry last year, and 39 races ____43____ (invlve) mre than 750, 000 runners were held the year befre. Hwever, lng-distance running is a serius business that can exact a heavy physical tll n runners.
Marathn carries higher risks f injury than ____44____ frms f sprt, “Chang says, adding that the key t aviding injury is ____45____ (strengthen) the bdy thrugh regular exercise and t be aware f ne’s wn physical cnditin.
Althugh sme chrnic injuries are hard t avid, even fr highly experienced runners, cramp, fainting and shck can easily be prevented ____46____ runners better understand the sprt, he says.
【答案】37. severely 38. up 39. avidable 40. ignrance 41. what 42. has becme 43. invlving 44. ther 45. t strengthen 46. if
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了James Chang因一次自行车事故意识到运动医学的重要性，倡导提高马拉松跑者的安全意识和身体健康。
【37题详解】考查副词。句意：八年前，在美国的一次自行车比赛中发生的一起事故使James Chang意识到运动医学的重要性。空处需用副词severely，作状语修饰动词injured。故填severely。
【38题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：因此，当他两年前开始参加马拉松比赛时，他惊讶地看到频繁受伤，其中许多是可以避免的。take up表示“开始从事，开始干”，为固定搭配，符合语境。故填up。
【39题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。many f them中them指代injuries，后边需用形容词avidable修饰，表示“许多损伤是可以避免的”，构成独立主格结构。故填avidable。
【40题详解】考查名词。句意：“我总是听到人们谈论中国马拉松比赛中的人突然死亡，”他说，并补充说这些死亡事件发生的一个原因是，中国对马拉松比赛的内容知之甚少。a lt f后需接名词形式ignrance，作宾语，不可数名词。故填ignrance。
【41题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：Chang说，在中国，许多竞争激烈的业余跑步者会过于投入，以远远超过他们身体预期的速度奔跑，甚至忽略了疼痛等明显的信号。空处引导宾语从句，作介词f的宾语，且从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【42题详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，随着中国人越来越重视健康的生活方式，马拉松和其他长跑在全国范围内迅速成为一项非常受欢迎的运动。根据时间状语in recent years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是marathn as well as ther lng-distance running，谓语动词的数应采取就前原则，与marathn保持一致，即谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has becme。
【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，中国举办了50多场中国田径协会批准的城市马拉松比赛，前年举办了39场比赛，涉及75万多名参赛者。and连接并列句，后句中已有谓语were held，空处作非谓语动词，invlve与逻辑主语39 races之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填invlving。
【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：马拉松比其他形式的运动有更高的受伤风险，” Chang说，并补充说，避免受伤的关键是通过定期锻炼来增强身体，并了解自己的身体状况。空处修饰名词frms，需用形容词形式作定语，结合语意，此处表示其他形式的运动，应用形容词ther。故填ther。
【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处作句子表语，使用动词不定式形式表示具体的、将要发生的动作。故填t strengthen。
【46题详解】考查连词。句意：他说，虽然一些慢性损伤即使对于经验丰富的跑者来说也很难避免，但如果跑者更好地了解这项运动，抽筋、昏厥和休克是可以轻易预防的。结合语意可知，此处表示如果跑者更好地了解这项运动，空处应用连词if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填if。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
47. 假如你是李华，最近你校的外教Mike经常头痛，他吃了西药也没什么效果，请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，向他推荐中医疗法。
要点提示：1.简单介绍中医的优点（如副作用小、价格低等）；
2.简要介绍中医现状及地位；
3 表明你愿意为他提供帮助，并祝他早日康复。
要求：词数120左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Dear Mike,
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Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m srry t learn that yu have been suffering frm headaches, which prevent yu frm perfrming well in yur wrk. Wrse still, yu haven’t gt better after taking medicine.
Frm my perspective, Chinese medicine prducing fewer side effects is superir t western medicine t sme extent. That’s why it is s ppular in mre and mre cuntries arund the wrld, especially in Krea and Japan. In additin, Chinese medicine is less expensive, s yu dn’t need t wrry abut yur budget. And I believe the treatment appeals greatly t yu.
I hpe yu will recver sn. If there is anything yu need me t d, dn’t hesitate t ask. I will be always here fr yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节：(满分 25 分)
48. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已经为你写好。
Anml and Rhan were grade six students. They had been the best friends since childhd. They wuld sit n the same bench, eat tgether and play tgether at schl.
One day, a new student named Sumit jined their class. During the break Anml and Sumit gt talking and Anml gladly fund Sumit had a passin fr chess. Anml was crazy abut chess but he rarely gt a gd ppnent.
Anml and Sumit started spending mre and mre time tgether. Earlier, Rhan and Anml used t play table tennis during lunch break. But nw Anml never seemed interested. Gradually Rhan started feeling left ut. He felt wrried and upset at the thught f lsing his best friend, but he was at a lss what t d.
One day, Rhan urged Anml t jin him in a table tennis game. “Nt tday, Rhan, I have t cmplete yesterday’s chess game. Sumit has crnered me quite badly but I am nt ging t give in,” Anml said, nt nticing the hurt expressin n Rhan’s face.
“Sumit, Sumit! Nw yu have nbdy but Sumit in yur heart! Yu have cmpletely frgtten ur friendship!” yelled Rhan. Then he turned arund and walked straight away.
After that Rhan stpped talking t Anml and even changed his place in the class. Thugh he was heartbrken t lse his best friend, he believed that it was Anml wh was t blame. A cuple f times Anml tried talking t Rhan, but Rhan simply lked thrugh him.
Abut a mnth later, Rhan participated in the campus crss-cuntry race. It was in its last phase. All that remained was the final lap inside the stadium. Rhan was in third place, with Peter and Iqbal, the frmer champins, ahead f him.
The stadium was packed, and the students, were all cheering their favrites wildly. “Cme n, Iqbal, yu are always the best!”.
“Peter, mve. Yu can beat Iqbal!”
“Hld n, Rhan, just anther 200 meters t g!” The cries were deafening.
When they reached the last hundred meters, Rhan was almst ut f breath. He dragged himself alng, with his face red and his muth dry.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为 150 左右：
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then Rhan heard a familiar vice frm his left side.
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As Rhan was the first t crss the finishing line, he cllapsed n the grund.
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【答案】
Just then Rhan heard a familiar vice frm his left side. It was Anml, his lng-lst best friend, cheering him n with unmatched enthusiasm. “Cme n, Rhan! Yu can d it! Keep pushing!” Anml’s vice cut thrugh the chatic cheering f the crwd, and Rhan felt a surge f energy within him. Inspired by his friend’s unwavering supprt, Rhan summned the last remnants f his strength and sprinted twards the finishing line, determined t give it his all.
As Rhan was the first t crss the finishing line, he cllapsed n the grund. The deafening cheers frm the spectatrs filled the air as they celebrated his victry. Anml rushed t Rhan’s side, his eyes filled with pride and jy. He helped Rhan up, patting him n the back excitedly. In that mment, all the hurt and distance that had cme between them seemed t fade away, replaced by a renewed bnd f friendship and shared accmplishment.
Prduct Name Origins
Descriptins
Family Happiness Silver Needle Flwer Tea, Fuding, Fujian, China
SKU: W06023000
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True Lve Silver Needle Flwer Tea, Fuding, Fujian, China
SKU: W06011000
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Christmas Tree Flwer Tea, Hulin, Fujian, China
SKU: W06018000
Prduct Name Origins
Descriptins
Family Happiness Flwer Tea, Hulin r Fuding, Fujian, China
SKU: W06019000