2025版高考英语全程一轮复习课时作业八Unit2Let'scelebrate外研版必修第二册
展开These biased perspectives cannt be blamed n ne single cause. It is fair t say, thugh, that ur psychlgical biases play a majr rle. Peple's hesitancy t delay satisfactin is the mst bvius example, but there are thers. One f them is abut hw the mst accessible infrmatin in the present affects decisins abut the future. Fr instance, yu might hear smene say: “It's cld this winter, s I needn't wrry abut glbal warming.” Anther is that lud and urgent matters are given t much imprtance, making peple ignre lngerterm trends that arguably matter mre. This is when a pp star draws far mre attentin than, say, gradual bidiversity decline.
As a psychlgist nce jked, if aliens (外星人) wanted t weaken humanity, they wuldn't send ships; they wuld invent climate change. Indeed, when it cmes t envirnmental transfrmatins, we can develp a frm f cllective “pr memry”, and each new generatin can believe the state f affairs they encunter is nthing ut f the rdinary. Older peple tday, fr example, can remember a time with insectcvered car windscreens after lng drives. Children, n the ther hand, have n idea that insect ppulatin has drpped dramatically.
1.The authr qutes Françis Hartg mainly t ________.
A.draw a cmparisn
B.intrduce a tpic
C.evaluate a statement
D.highlight a prblem
2.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A.Climate change has been frgtten.
B.Lessns f histry are highly valued.
C.The human mind is bad at nting slw change.
D.Humans are unwilling t admit their shrtcmings.
3.What des the authr intend t tell us?
A.Farsighted thinking matters t humans.
B.Humans tend t make lngterm sacrifices.
C.Current plicies facilitate future decisinmaking.
D.Bias twards the present helps reduce nearterm desires.
B
[2024·甘肃省酒泉市高三一模]NEW DELHI—Indian Prime Minister Narendra Mdi Tuesday inspected the bridge cllapse site in the western state f Gujarat, where mre than 100 peple were killed, fficials said. Ahead f the visit, Mdi chaired a highlevel meeting n Mnday night during which he was briefed abut rescue effrts.
The centuryld Britishera pedestrian suspensin bridge (吊桥) cllapsed n Sunday evening, with hundreds f peple falling int Machchhu River in Mrbi twn, abut 241 km west f the capital city, Gandhinagar. Reprts said that 177 peple were rescued and ver 100 peple were underging treatment at the Mrbi civil hspital.
Sn after the bridge visit, Mdi reached the civil hspital in Mrbi t meet the injured. The prime minister was seen asking the survivrs abut their health. Accrding t fficials, search and rescue peratins, carried ut by teams f the State Disaster Respnse Frce and the Natinal Disaster Respnse Frce (NDRF), the Indian navy, the Indian air frce and the Indian army, were called ff (取消) n Mnday evening and began again n Tuesday mrning. Officials said Mdi als met with thse invlved in rescue and relief peratins.
The lcal gvernment f Gujarat has already rdered an investigatin int the deadly cllapse f the bridge. The bridge is a ppular turist attractin in the area. It was shut fr renvatin (整修) fr seven mnths and was pen fr the public n Oct 26, the Gujarati New Year.
Reprts said that arund 500 peple, much beynd its capacity, were n the suspensin bridge at the time when it crashed int the river.
Plice have arrested nine peple including fficials f Oreva, the cmpany that carried ut the repair wrk, ticket sellers and security men. Hwever, the wners f the cmpany have nt been arrested. Oreva grup is actually a Gujaratbased watchmaker cmpany. Reprts said that the watchmaker reprtedly utsurced (转包) the “technical aspect f the renvatin” t a smaller cnstructin cmpany, Devprakash Slutins.
Oreva has been accused f vilating multiple safety rules, leading t the huge tragedy just fur days after the bridge repened t the public. Questins have been raised ver why Oreva with n experience in cnstructin was given respnsibility fr maintaining a bridge.
4.What did Mdi first d after hearing the bridge cllapse?
A.He paid a visit t the bridge.
B.He held and tk charge f a meeting.
C.He went t see the injured in the hspital.
D.He met with thse invlved in rescue and relief peratins.
5.Hw can we evaluate the bridge befre it cllapsed?
A.It was t ld t repair well.
B.It was maintained very well.
C.It had a safety risk.
D.It was slid enugh.
6.What can replace the underlined wrd “vilating” in the last paragraph?
A.Making. B.Obeying.
C.Breaking. D.Replacing.
7.Which can serve as the best title fr the news reprt?
A.Indian PM inspects site f deadly bridge cllapse
B.Plice arrest security men after bridge cllapse
C.Mdi is briefed abut rescue effrts after bridge cllapse
D.Arund 500 peple are n suspensin bridge when it cllapses
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2024·湖南省名校大联考第一次质量检测]During my stay at the University f Michigan, ne f the senir prfessrs asked me t jin a seminar n culture and emtin. In a general __1__ f selfintrductins, I intrduced myself in a(n) __2__ Dutch way as ne f thse wh are “interested in culture and emtin”. The prfessr supplemented (补充) my selfintrductin t __3__ American standards, saying I was ne f the wrld's experts n the __4__. In respnse, I lked dwn in __5__, and thught that “expert” was a big wrd.
When I lived in Nrth Carlina, my new friends came ver t __6__. Cnversatins were full f interest and energy, and there was a lt f __7__. At the end f the evening, when my guests left, they thanked me fr the dinner. My heart __8__, because I was brn and raised in the Netherlands, where “thanking fr dinner” means the relatinship is __9__. Emtins are different enugh t feel ut f __10__ when yu mve frm ne culture t anther. The prfessr at the University f Michigan meant t make me feel __11__, but instead made me uncmfrtable. My friends meant t shw __12__, but they made me think they were distancing themselves frm me.
We think abut emtins as feelings deep inside us, but in __13__, ur emtins happen in interactins with thers. In my wn culture, it was hard t bserve the __14__ emtins f thers, but I was able t see them when I mved t the US—a different __15__ frm where I was raised.
1.A.analysis B.state
C.letter D.rund
2.A.understated B.interesting
C.dramatic D.prud
3.A.set B.fit
C.evaluate D.recmmend
4.A.apprach B.situatin
C.tpic D.curse
5.A.curisity B.pity
C.disappintment D.embarrassment
6.A.play B.dine
C.wrk D.perfrm
7.A.supprt B.nise
C.fun D.arguing
8.A.sank B.melted
C.raced D.pened
9.A.harmnius B.nrmal
C.strng D.distant
10.A.date B.shape
C.place D.sight
11.A.reliable B.gd
C.serius D.careful
12.A.gratitude B.respect
C.admiratin D.affectin
13.A.ttal B.advance
C.detail D.reality
14.A.unbelievable B.pure
C.invisible D.pwerful
15.A.level B.culture
C.standard D.value
[答题区]
1~5 ______________ 6~10 ______________
11~15 ______________
课时作业(八) 必修第二册 Unit 2 Let's celebrate!
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了工业化社会存在的短期效益主义,人们目光短浅,给社会带来了很多问题。
1.答案与解析:D 推理判断题。作者在第一段第一句抛出了一个论点“shrttermism is nw a significant prblem in industrialised scieties”(短期效益主义现在是工业化社会的一个重大问题),接着作者引用了Françis Hartg的观点“the West has entered a perid where ‘nly the present unending nw.’”(西方已经进入了一个时代,这个时代“只有现在存在,一个以瞬间的残酷和无休止的当前的无聊为特点的现在。”)来强调短期效益主义这一问题的普遍性和严重性,由此可推知,引用Françis Hartg的话是为了突出短期效益主义这一问题,故D项正确。
2.答案与解析:C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“when it cmes t envirnmental nthing ut f the rdinary”可知,当提到环境转变时,人们会形成集体的糟糕记忆,新一代人都觉得自己遇到的事情再平常不过了;再结合后面的例子可以推断,人们对缓慢的变化不是很敏感,故C项正确。nthing ut f the rdinary“没有什么特别的”。
3.答案与解析:A 写作目的题。作者在第一段提出了一个论点“shrttermism is nw a significant prblem in industrialised scieties”;结合第二、三段内容尤其是第二段中的“fcusing n lud attractins in the future selves r cmmunity”(以牺牲他们自己或社区未来的健康、福祉和财务稳定为代价,关注当下的吸引巨大的事物。)和第三段中的“hw the mst accessible infrmatin in the present affects decisins abut the future”(当前最容易获得的信息如何影响关于未来的决定)可知,这两段分别讲述了短视的危害及短视的原因;最后一段则提到了人们对缓慢转变的忽视。由此可以推断,作者的写作目的是告诉人们有远见的思考对人类的重要性,故A项正确。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪星期二视察了西部古吉拉特邦的桥梁坍塌现场,慰问了伤者,古吉拉特邦地方政府已经下令对大桥的致命坍塌进行调查,对相关人员问责。
4.答案与解析:B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ahead f the visit, Mdi chaired a highlevel meeting n Mnday night...”可知,莫迪在听到大桥倒塌后第一反应是召开并主持了一次会议。故选B项。
5.答案与解析:C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ watchmaker reprtedly utsurced (转包) the ‘technical aspect f the renvatin’ t a smaller cnstructin cmpany...”和最后一段中的“Questins have been raised ver why Oreva with n experience in cnstructin was given respnsibility fr maintaining a bridge.”可知,坍塌大桥由没有施工经验的Oreva负责维护桥梁,且实际是制表公司的Oreva集团还将大桥的“翻新的技术方面”外包给了一家较小的建筑公司由此推知,桥梁倒塌之前,它就存在安全风险。故选C项。
6.答案与解析:C 词句猜测题。由最后一段中的“Oreva has been accused f vilating multiple safety rules, leading t the huge tragedy just fur days after the bridge repened t the public.”可知,大桥坍塌导致悲剧,是因为有人违反了建设安全规则。由此可知,画线词意为“违反”。故选C项。
7.答案与解析:A 主旨大意题。由第一段和下文可知,印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪星期二视察了西部古吉拉特邦的桥梁坍塌现场,慰问了伤者,古吉拉特邦地方政府已经下令对大桥的致命坍塌进行调查,对相关人员问责。由此可知,A项“印度总理视察致命桥梁倒塌现场”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲作者从荷兰到美国生活后感受到的情感差异。
1.答案与解析:D 由下文“I intrduced myself ”可知,作者这里做了一“场”自我介绍。
2.答案与解析:A 由下文“‘expert’ was a big wrd”可知,作者在这里“低调地”介绍自己。
3.答案与解析:B 由下文“American standards”以及语境可知,这位教授重新介绍了作者,以“适合”美国的方式介绍。
4.答案与解析:C 由上文“interested in culture and emtin”可知,这位教授认为作者在culture and emtin “话题”上是专家。
5.答案与解析:D 由下文“thught that ‘expert’ was a big wrd”可知,作者认为自己被抬高了,所以感觉“尴尬”。
6.答案与解析:B 由下文“they thanked me fr the dinner”可知,朋友来作者家“就餐”。
7.答案与解析:C 由上文“full f interest and energy”可知,这其中也充满了“乐趣”。
8.答案与解析:A 由下文“where ‘thanking fr dinner’ means the relatinship is __9__.”可知,作者认为朋友这是疏远的举动,所以心里“一沉”,感到难受。
9.答案与解析:D 由下文“they were distancing themselves frm me”可知,作者这里认为他们的关系是“疏远的”。
10.答案与解析:C 由下文“mve frm ne culture t anther”以及语境可知,作者感觉从荷兰到美国后,情感显得格格不入,ut f place意为“格格不入”符合语境。
11.答案与解析:B 由下文“instead made me uncmfrtable”可知,原本教授的本意是让作者感觉“良好”。
12.答案与解析:A 由上文“they thanked me fr the dinner.”可知,原本朋友是为了“感谢”。
13.答案与解析:D 由下文“ur emtins happen in interactins with thers.”以及语境可知,作者这里通过现实的例子说明,在“现实”生活中,情感是互动而产生的。
14.答案与解析:C 由下文“but I was able t see”中but和语境可知,这些情感实际上是“难以看见的”。
15.答案与解析:B 由上文“In my wn culture”可知,作者这里指在美国,这种“文化”是不同的。
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