江苏中考英语语法复习专题14 宾语从句复习课件

这是一份江苏中考英语语法复习专题14 宾语从句复习课件，共30页。PPT课件主要包含了Grammar ，否定转移，宾语从句简化，巩固与检测 等内容，欢迎下载使用。

在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。学好宾语从句也可为到高中学习间接引语、主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句打下良好的基础。学习宾语从句并不难，只要你能过好下面的三道关：
第一关选好连接词 (也叫关联词):指引导宾语从句的词
连词 that: 无词义，不做句子成分。只起连接作用, 在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。1) He knew (that) he shuld wrk hard. 2) I am glad (that) yu’ve passed the exam.
引导宾语从句的连接词, 分为四类。
that用下列情况不可省略
1）宾语从句主语是that时。He says that that is useful bk.2）含有主从复合句时I’m afraid that if yu’ve lst it, yu must pay fr it.3)有两个或多个宾语从句时，除第一个that 可省外，其余都不可省。He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjyed seeing it very much.
2. whether/ if: 意为“是否”，不作句子成分，但不能省略。口语中多用 if。例如: D yu knw whether/if he will ride here at 8 tmrrw mrning？He asked me if/whether Miss Ga was a teacher.
注意：作“是否” 解的 if 和 whether 在具体用法上有差别。Whether…r nt,该句中的whether不能换成 if, 因为 if 不能与 r 连用。He asked me whether r nt I was cming. 他问我是否要来。
介词后只用whetherIt depends n whether yu can d the wrk well.
3. wh, whm, whse, what, which等连接代词
: 它们起连接作用, 作句子成分, 如主语、宾语、定语等。各有其自己的意义。The teacher asked the new student which class he was in？ （which引导宾语从句, 在从句中作定语, 修饰 class, 意为“哪个”。）Can yu tell me whm he is waiting fr？
4. 连接副词 when（表时间）, where（表地点）, why（表原因）, hw（表方式）: 起连接作用, 在从句中做状语。 I wnder where he gt s much mney. 对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。( where 在从句中作地点状语, 修饰 gt, 意为“哪里; 什么地方”。) He didn't tell me hw ld his friend was． (hw引导宾语从句, 作程度状语, 修饰ld, 意为“怎样;如何”等意。)
第二关牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序, 即“连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。特别强调的是：宾语从句的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序,不是疑问句的倒装语序。
例如:1）Yu must remember what yur teacher said．2）—Dad, d yu knw when the ftball game will start？ —In half an hur．
3) 汉译英: 你能不能告诉我, 我们去看望谁？误: Can yu tell me wh (m) d we have t see？ 正: Can yu tell me wh (m) we have t see？
易出的错在宾语从句中误用了疑问句的结构—主语前加了个助动词d。因为我们已经习惯了特殊疑问句, 如: What time des the plane arrive in Paris? 就顺口说出“D yu knw what time des the plane arrive in Paris?” 这种错误句子来。
但是一旦我们注意了, 我们不久就习惯于说“D yu knw what time the plane arrives in Paris？”了。
第三关注意时态的呼应。
13) 汉译英:我原以为你今天有空的。误: I thught (that) yu are free tday. 正: I thught (that) yu wuld be free tday.
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态, 常常受主句谓语时态的制约, 这种现象称为“时态的呼应”。例如：
错句中宾语从句用 are 很可能是因为有 tday, 但因为主句谓语是thught, 所以从句谓语就该用过去将来时 wuld be 了。
1. 如果主句谓语是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时）, 那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。I remember he gave me a bk yesterday.He has tld me that he’ll leave fr New Yrk tmrrw.
2. 如果主句时态是过去时, 宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等）。例如:
（1）He thught he was wrking fr the peple．
2) I heard she had been t the Great Wall． 3) Jhn hped that he wuld find a jb sn． 3. 但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等, 则不变化(即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时）： 4) The teacher tld us that the earth mves arund the sun．
在think, believe, suppse, seem引导的宾语从句，否定不用再从句中，要否定转移。I dn’t think he will cme with yu.It desn’t seem that he can d it better.
宾语从句与主句的主语相同，主句谓语动词是hpe, wish, decide, agree, chse等时，从句可简化成不定式结构。I hpe that I can receive yur e-mail.=I hpe t receive yur e-mail.2. 当宾语从句与主句主语相同，主句谓语是knw, remember, frget, learn时，简化“疑问词+不定式”
She desn’t knw what she wuld d next.= She desn’t knw what t d next.3. Seem 后宾语从句的简化（seem有时态变化）It seems that ftball is very interesting.=Ftball seems t be very interesting.4. 宾语从句可简化成n.或n.短语I dn’t believe what Tm said.= I dn’t believe Tm’s wrds.
1. In the bkshp, a reader asked the shpkeeper ___ Wh Mved My Cheese was an interesting bk． A. that B. hw C. what D. if 2. —I dn't knw ___ Mr. Green will cme t see us． —He will help us with ur English． A. why B. when C. hw D. where
3. –We never knw __ the ld man is. – They say he is a teacher. A. what B. wh C. which D. where4. I was tld ___ Bill Gates was thirteen he began t play with cmputers． A. that hw B. hw that C. when that D. that when
5. —D yu knw ___? I'm ging t see him． —Srry, I dn't knw. A. where des Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived
6. —Where d yu think __ he __ the cmputer？ —Srry, I have n idea． A.／; bught B. has; bught C. did; buy D. des; buy
7. I dn’t feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this mrning. A. what the matter is B. what is wrng C. what the matter was D. what wrng was