专题14 阅读理解 考点4 议论文（教师卷+学生卷）- 2024年中考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）

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At an early age, we start learning hw t manage mney by watching ur parents’ spending habits. Dn’t wrry if we haven’t learned well hw t save r spend mney. The fllwing life lessns abut mney can help us frm gd spending habits.
Mney desn’t grw n trees. As kids, we dn’t ften think abut where mney cmes frm. We need t knw that ur parents wrk hard t make mney, and that it may be used up ne day. Ging t their wrkplaces t watch hw they wrk is a great way t understand mney is nt that easy t make.
We shuldn’t spend all ur mney in ne g. It’s imprtant fr us t have a budget (预算) . In ther wrds, we need t think abut hw much mney we have and what we really want t spend it n. Realizing that ur pcket mney can’t cver everything we want, we shuld make smart spending chices.
We shuld set a clear gal and watch ur mney grw. If we wish t wn a new bicycle but can’t affrd it, we can save ur pcket mney. Hw? Write dwn hw much mney we have in a ntebk and watch it grw. After we have enugh, we can buy that wnderful bicycle we’ve dreamed abut! Reaching ur gal will greatly satiate us.
We can talk with ur parents abut hw mney is used and where mney ges. D yu knw what a bank accunt (账户) is? If nt, cmmunicate with ur parents. We can als g t the supermarket with ur parents t experience hw mney is spent in the real wrld.
Withut dubt, we shuld treat mney in a right way. Actually, learning abut mney isn’t a hard jb. Frm these lessns, we can get a sense f mney management and right mney values step by step!
1．Where des mney cme frm accrding t the text?
A．Parents’ hard wrk.B．Kids’ life lessns.
C．Gd spending habits.D．The bank accunt.
2．What des the writer want kids t d by giving the example f buying a bicycle?
A．Buy a wnderful ntebk.B．Make a free spending chice.
C．Set a gal f saving mney.D．Have an experience f shpping.
3．What des the underlined wrd “satiate” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Relax.B．Interest.C．Surprise.D．Satisfy.
4．Which f the fllwing will the writer prbably agree with?
A．Adults can make mney grw mre.
B．Kids shuld have a mney spending plan.
C．Parents may give kids lts f pcket mney.
D．Supermarkets will be places t change mney.
5．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Causes f Spending MneyB．Ways f Managing Mney
C．Purpses f Treating MneyD．Cnditins f Saving Mney
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了关于金钱管理的一些生活经验和建议，强调了金钱的来之不易，需要合理规划和使用，以及设定目标进行储蓄等观点。
1．细节理解题。根据“We need t knw that ur parents wrk hard t make mney”可知，金钱来自于父母的辛勤工作。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“If we wish t wn a new bicycle but can’t affrd it, we can save ur pcket mney.”可知，如果我们想拥有一辆新自行车，但买不起，我们可以省下零花钱，作者希望孩子们通过购买自行车的例子设定一个储蓄的目标。故选C。
3．词句猜测题。根据“Reaching ur gal will greatly satiate us.”可知，实现目标，我们会感到满足。划线部分单词意为“满足”，与Satisfy意思相近。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“We shuldn’t spend all ur mney in ne g. It’s imprtant fr us t have a budget (预算) .”可知，我们不应该一次花光所有的钱，预算对我们来说很重要。因此作者认为孩子们应该有一个花钱的计划。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了我们应该如何理解和管理金钱，以及如何形成良好的消费习惯，所以最佳标题应该是“管理金钱的方式”。故选B。
（2024·四川眉山·中考真题）
Which is mre imprtant in yur mind, lking fashinable r feeling cmfrtable? Yu may find many peple chse style ver cmfrt and sme even g t extremes (极端) t fllw fashin. But we shuld remember: being fashinable isn’t everything. It’s mre imprtant t be healthy.
Sme peple believe that they need t be a certain size t lk gd. S, they start extreme diets that are nt gd fr their health. They might nt eat meals r eat t little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way t live?
Als, many girls wear shes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them lk taller. But these shes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard t walk cmfrtably, and they can increase the risks f falls. Sme even wear tight clthes that influence bld circulatin (循环), making it hard t breathe. Shuld we put fashin ver cmfrt and physical health?
Besides, sme bys and girls spend a lt f time and mney changing their hair clr. The material they use is usually harmful t their health. T make their hair straight r curly, they als use tls that are ht enugh t burn their hair. But using these tls t ften r at very high temperatures can make the hair dry r even burnt. Is it really wrth it t risk ur health, spending s much time and mney?
S, let’s think again what’s really imprtant. Is it fashin r is it ur well-being? Clthes r hairstyles dn’t tell us anything abut a persn’s character. Instead f spending a lt f time chsing clthes, we culd use that time t d fun things with friends. And instead f fllwing extreme diets, let’s eat prperly and exercise regularly. Remember, the value f yu is nt decided by yur appearance, but by wh yu are as a persn.
6．Why d sme peple g n extreme diets accrding t the passage?
A．Because the diets are healthy.B．Because they just want t lk gd.
C．Because they want t save time.D．Because they want t save mney.
7．What is the writer’s purpse f using a questin in each paragraph?
A．T ask fr help frm readers.B．T tell hw t spend time and mney.
C．T intrduce the latest fashin.D．T lead readers t think abut the tpic.
8．What des the underlined wrd “well-being” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Grwth.B．Health.C．Warmth.D．Wealth.
9．Which f the fllwing is the structure f the passage?
（①=Paragraph 1;②=Paragraph2……）
A．B．C．D．
【答案】6．B 7．D 8．B 9．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由个人决定的，健康的生活才是最重要的。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段“Sme peple believe that they need t be a certain size t lk gd. S, they start extreme diets that are nt gd fr their health.”可知，有些人为了看起来好看，开始了极端的饮食。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s mre imprtant t be healthy.”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了引导读者思考“健康更重要”这个主题。故选D。
8．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Is it a healthy way t live?”、第三段“Shuld we put fashin ver cmfrt and physical health?”及第四段“Is it really wrth it t risk ur health, spending s much time and mney?”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以well-being指的是“健康”。故选B。
9．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出文章主题：时尚不是一切，健康更重要；文章第二、三、四段介绍了当下一些年轻人为了追求时尚而忽视健康的反面案例；文章最后一段总结全文，再次强调健康以及个人价值的重要性。故文章的正确结构是C选项的结构。故选C。
（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）
As language learners, it’s imprtant t use dictinaries. Paper dictinaries are ften great chices fr us. They lead us t think in a mre exact way. Hwever, with the rapid develpment f the Internet, many websites and apps ffer us infrmatin abut the language we are learning, s sme language learners like nline dictinaries better. Here is what sme students think f the tw kinds f dictinaries.
If yu want t share yur pinins, please e-mail us at 18900053407yuth daily@163.cm. And yur pinins will be carried n tmrrw’s newspaper.
10．Why des Lin Ta like paper dictinaries better?
A．There are many incrrect usages.B．Their explanatins are clear.
C．It’s a great friend fr him.D．He can understand the ntes.
11．What are the advantages f the nline dictinaries accrding t Tian Xia?
A．Fast and clear.B．Crrect and clear.
C．Clear and believable.D．Cnvenient and effective.
12．Wh has the same idea amng them?
A．Wang Lan and Tian Xia.B．Wang Lan and Meng Ha.
C．Lin Ta and Wang Lan.D．Meng Ha and Tian Xia.
13．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A．Advantages f nline dictinaries.
B．The develpment f the dictinaries.
C．Different ideas abut language learning.
D．Different ideas abut paper and nline dictinaries.
14．Where is the text prbably frm?
A．Magazine.B．Newspaper.C．Textbk.D．Strybk.
【答案】10．B 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．B
【导语】本文主要介绍一些学生对于纸质词典和在线词典的看法。
10．细节理解题。根据“I like t lk up smething in a paper dictinary better. Their explanatins are s clear that I can understand them better.”可知，林涛更喜欢纸质词典是因为解释很清楚，能更好地理解。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据“It’s really cnvenient t learn a language with the help f an nline dictinary. We dn’t need t spend much time lking up new wrds. Using an nline dictinary makes a mre effective learner.”可知，田晓认为在线词典很方便、更有效。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据第二栏“If we are gd language learners, we can always learn mre in a shrter time with an nline dictinary.”和第四栏“It’s really cnvenient t learn a language with the help f an nline dictinary. We dn’t need t spend much time lking up new wrds. Using an nline dictinary makes a mre effective learner.”可知，王兰和田晓的观点一致，故选A。
13．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍一些学生对于纸质词典和在线词典的看法，故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And yur pinins will be carried n tmrrw’s newspaper.”可知，你的观点会出现在明天的报纸上。故选B。
（2024·内蒙古包头·中考真题）
In China, mre and mre peple read at cmmunity reading rms. Fr example, Luyang district f Hefei has built mre than 100 reading rms in recent years, s peple can enjy the fun f reading at their drsteps. In the UK, 3,718 libraries prvide different kinds f services, including lending ut bks and ffering a free, warm and safe space fr peple t g t. Sme libraries make it easier t brrw bks: fr example, by delivering bks t library users’ drsteps.
Libraries d mre than huse bks. They prvide peple with ther services and tls, such as cmputers, and create a sense f cmmunity. Hwever, many libraries in the UK are at risk f clsing because they can’t affrd the cst f perating. Library fines (罚款) are carried ut when peple dn’t return bks n time.
Many peple in the UK believe that fines are needed because they help libraries imprve services, and prevent peple frm returning bks late. Withut fines, peple might be mre relaxed and many mre bks culd be returned late. After all, sme bks are s ppular that there can be a waiting list fr peple wh want t read it next. Libraries nly wrk if peple brrwing bks return them n time, ready fr ther library users t enjy.
Hwever, ne third f Britain’s libraries are fine-free nw. This means sme library users wh dn’t return bks by the date agreed are nt charged (收费). Besides, peple wh dn’t have much mney really depend n libraries t help them save sme mney, nt spend it. Many libraries have gt rid f fines all tgether, which makes libraries mre welcming envirnments.
S, shuld libraries stp fining peple? See what we find in ther cuntries.
15．What is paragraph 1 mainly abut?
A．Libraries are facing mre challenges.B．Libraries are ppular with yung readers.
C．It’s cnvenient fr peple t read nwadays.D．It’s nt easy t find a place t relax after wrk.
16．Why are many libraries in the UK at risk f clsing?
A．Sme peple break the library rules.B．They can’t affrd the cst f perating.
C．They are shrt f bks and cmputers.D．Mre cmmunity libraries have been built.
17．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Library fines can be stressful t readers.
B．Libraries need mney t imprve services.
C．There are different views n library fines in Britain.
D．Peple prefer reading in cmmunity reading rms.
18．What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
A．Library rules in the UK.B．Gd reading habits arund the UK.
C．Designs fr libraries in Asia and Eurpe.D．Facts abut library fines in ther cuntries.
【答案】15．C 16．B 17．C 18．D
【导语】本文主要讨论了英国图书馆的罚款问题，以及这个问题在英国社会中的不同观点。
15．段落大意题。根据第一段“s peple can enjy the fun f reading at their drsteps…Sme libraries make it easier t brrw bks…”可知，文章第一段以中国和英国的一些图书馆为例，介绍了现如今人们阅读非常方便。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“Hwever, many libraries in the UK are at risk f clsing because they can’t affrd the cst f perating.”可知，许多英国的图书馆面临关闭的风险，是因为它们无法承担运营成本。故选B。
17．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Many peple in the UK believe that fines are needed”及第四段“Many libraries have gt rid f fines all tgether, which makes libraries mre welcming envirnments.”及全文可知，全文主要讨论了英国图书馆的罚款问题，以及这个问题在英国社会中的不同观点。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据最后一段“S, shuld libraries stp fining peple? See what we find in ther cuntries.”可知，作者可能会继续讨论其他国家的图书馆罚款情况。故选D。
（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）
I LOVE CHINESE!
David Brwn is a 15-year-ld by frm the UK. This summer he is studying Chinese in a summer camp in Gansu Prvince. This is what he tld ur interviewer.
What d yu think f Gansu?
Well, I think it’s fantastic. Summer is the best seasn t visit Gansu. I enjy the pleasant weather a lt. Gansu als has many pretty views with a lng histry.
Is there anything else yu especially like abut it?
Yes, the friendly peple and delicius fds.
When we were in Tianshui City 3 days ag, we tried malatang, a traditinal spicy ht pt dish. I like it a lt. Beef ndles and niangpizi are als my favrites. I haven’t tried huiduzi. But it seems very tasty.
Where are yu staying in Gansu?
I’m staying with sme very nice families in different cities in Gansu. That’s quite helpful fr learning Chinese and experiencing the life and culture here. That’s why I’ve chsen hme-stay.
D yu like learning Chinese?
I enjy learning Chinese because it’s interesting and has a rich histry. Chinese characters are beautiful, and the language ffers many chances. Being able t speak Chinese will be very helpful in the future. I want t be a Chinese teacher when I’m lder.
阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
19．What des David Brwn d?
A．He is a British teacher.B．He is a tur guide.
C．He is an English student.D．He is an America teenager.
20．What fd hasn’t David tried in Gansu?
A．Beef ndles.B．Malatang.C．Niangpizi.D．Huiduzi.
21．Hw des David like Gansu?
A．He enjys it a lt.B．He desn’t mind it.
C．He can’t stand the weather.D．He hates it.
22．Why is David staying with the lcal families?
A．Because he has n ther chices.
B．Because his parents ask him t d s.
C．Because it’s helpful fr language learning.
D．Because it’s cheaper than staying in htels.
23．What makes David want t be a Chinese teacher?
A．The enjyment Chinese fd brings.B．Chinese friendly peple he met.
C．What the interviewer tld him.D．Many chances the language will bring.
【答案】19．C 20．D 21．A 22．C 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇采访，英国学生大卫介绍了自己在甘肃的游玩经历及感受。
19．细节理解题。根据“David Brwn is a 15-year-ld by frm the UK.”可知，大卫是一个英国学生。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“I haven’t tried huiduzi.”可知，大卫在甘肃没有吃过灰豆子。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据“What d yu think f Gansu? Well, I think it’s fantastic.”可知，大卫认为甘肃很棒，他很喜欢甘肃。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“That’s quite helpful fr learning Chinese and experiencing the life and culture here. That’s why I’ve chsen hme-stay.”可知，大卫选择民宿的原因是，他认为这样对语言学习很有帮助。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“Chinese characters are beautiful, and the language ffers many chances. Being able t speak Chinese will be very helpful in the future. I want t be a Chinese teacher when I’m lder.”可知，大卫认为汉语很美，将来会提供很多机会，所以大卫想成为一名汉语老师。故选D。
（2024·贵州·中考真题）
Sme peple are wrried abut the effect that scial media has n the lives f yung peple. The fllwing text was written by a reprter: He tried t find ut whether scial media has a psitive r negative effect n children.
1. Scial media websites are cmmunities where users can share phts and talk t each ther nline. They are very ppular—millins f peple use scial media every day. Althugh sme peple think scial media is a psitive thing, many are wrried abut the negative effects it can have n yung peple.
2. James, a 15-year-ld student, thinks that scial media has many benefits. “I get very nervus when I talk t peple in real life—I find it s much easier t express myself when I use scial media. Anther advantage is that I hardly ever frget anyne’s birthday nw because I can lk it up nline!” Lts f users agree that scial media helps yung peple stay cnnected t their friends and make new friends frm arund the wrld.
3. Hwever, scial media als has many prblems. Scial media may help yung peple find friends, but it als makes it easier fr bullies t hurt them. Sme parents believe that scial media makes it harder fr families t spend time tgether. They say their children are s crazy abut scial media that they ignre (忽视) the rest f their family. Many teachers think scial media can distract (使某人分心) their students frm schlwrk.
4. There is n dubt that scial media has sme prblems, and it is very imprtant t avid spending t much time nline. Hwever, generally speaking, scial media can be a psitive thing fr yung peple. It is a way fr nervus peple t make friends and fr yung peple t stay cnnected.
24．What dcs the underlined wrd “They” in Paragraph I refer t?
A．The phts shared nline. B．The scial media users.C．The scial media websites.
25．What des James think f scial media?
A．It makes him ignre his family.
B．It distracts him frm schlwrk.
C．It helps him express himself better.
26．Which is the crrect structure f this text? (P1=Paragraph 1)
A．B．C．
27．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．Why Is Scial Media S Ppular?
B．Is Scial Media Really a Prblem?
C．What Is the Future f Scial Media?
【答案】24．C 25．C 26．B 27．B
【导语】本文主要关于社交媒体对孩子的影响的讨论。
24．代词指代题。根据“Scial media websites are cmmunities where users can share phts and talk t each ther nline. They are very ppular”可知，社交媒体网站是用户可以在线分享照片和相互交谈的社区，它们很受欢迎。此处They指的是“社交媒体网站”，故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“I find it s much easier t express myself when I use scial media.”可知，詹姆斯发现使用社交媒体时，表达自己要容易得多。故选C。
26．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段介绍社交媒体网站的定义和优缺点；第二、三两段具体介绍使用社交媒体的优点和缺点；第四段进行总结。故选B。
27．最佳标题题。本文主要关于社交媒体对孩子的影响的讨论，选项B“社交媒体真的是个问题吗”符合主题，故选B。
（2024·重庆·中考真题）
China is develping rapidly, with its peple living a peaceful and happy life. While develping itself, China never fails t ffer a helping hand t its friends.
On the Rad t Peace
China has nw been part f the UN peacekeeping missins (任务) fr mre than 30 years. UN peacekeeping missins prvide different services including prtecting civilians (平民).
In April 2023, the Chinese peacekeepers carried ut an imprtant task in Sudan. They successfully sent mre than 1,100 peple t safe places.
Int the Disaster Area (灾区)
In disaster areas, unifrms with “China Rescue (救援)” n the back ffer a sign f hpe and lve. The Chinese rescue team is knwn fr its quick and well-rganized search and rescue wrk.
When earthquakes happened in Afghanistan and Nepal in Octber 2023, “China Rescue” quickly tk actin t transprt things needed t the disaster areas.
Railway f Friendship
There are many high muntains between China and its neighbring cuntry, Las. The China-Las Railway has brken thrugh thse barriers. This amazing achievement was made pssible by the La wrkers and a large number f Chinese wrkers. They traveled far frm their hmes t build 1,035 kilmeters f railway lines, including 301 bridges and 167 tunnels (隧道).
The peacekeepers, “China Rescue” and railway wrkers, are just sme f the many thusands f Chinese wh have spent all f their time and energy helping thers arund the wrld. Their selfless actins and tireless effrts bring hnr t their hmeland and help t build a Cmmunity with a Shared Future fr Mankind.
28．When did the earthquakes happen in Afghanistan and Nepal?
A．In April 2023.B．In May 2023.C．In September 2023.D．In Octber 2023.
29．What des the underlined wrd “barriers” mean in the passage?
barrier /’bæriə(r)/n.[C] plural barriers
A．A barrier is smething such as a rule r law that makes it difficult r impssible fr smething t happen r be achieved.
B．A barrier is a prblem that prevents tw peple r grups frm agreeing. cmmunicating. r wrking with each ther.
C．A barrier is smething like a wall that is put in place t prevent peple frm mving easily frm ne area t anther.
D．A barrier is a natural bject that prevents smething r smene frm mving frm ne place t anther.
30．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．China’s selfless and tireless railway wrkers.
B．China’s actins t help peple arund the wrld.
C．Hw the Chinese peacekeepers help peple abrad.
D．Why Chinese peple can live a peaceful and happy life.
31．In which part f a newspaper can yu prbably read this passage?
A．Science.B．Wrld.C．Sprts.D．Travel.
【答案】28．D 29．D 30．B 31．B
【导语】本文介绍中国在发展自己的同时，始终向朋友伸出援助之手的几件事。
28．细节理解题。根据“When earthquakes happened in Afghanistan and Nepal in Octber 2023”可知，2023年10月阿富汗和尼泊尔发生地震，故选D。
29．词句猜测题。根据“There are many high muntains between China and its neighbring cuntry, Las. The China-Las Railway has brken thrugh thse barriers.”可知，中国和邻国老挝之间有许多高山，所以中老铁路突破了这些障碍，此处指的是高山这些自然障碍。故选D。
30．主旨大意题。本文介绍中国在发展自己的同时，始终向朋友伸出援助之手的几件事，故选B。
31．推理判断题。本文介绍中国在发展自己的同时帮助其他国家的事，所以推测可能在报纸的世界版块看到这篇文章，故选B。
（2024·陕西·中考真题）
32．When is the English class party?
A．Next Tuesday.B．Next Friday.C．Next Wednesday.D．Next Saturday.
33．Wh will make the pster?
A．Jhn.B．Xu Jie.C．Harry.D．Li Na.
34．What kind f writing is the text?
A．Interview.B．Play.C．Cnversatin.D．Reprt.
【答案】32．B 33．B 34．C
【导语】本文是几个人谈论关于下周五英语派对的内容。
32．细节理解题。根据“Can anyne help me with the English class party next Friday?”可知，派对下周五举行，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“Xu Jie: Great idea! The pster is my jb.”可知，海报是Xu Jie的工作，故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据“Student grup chat”可知，这是一组聊天对话，故选C。
Lin Ta, 14
I like t lk up smething in a paper dictinary better. Their explanatins are s clear that I can understand them better. I dn’t think sme nline dictinaries are believable. There are many incrrect usages which can make us cnfused.
Wang Lan, 15
If we are nt gd at memrizing English wrds, we can lk up their meanings nline very sn. It helps us finish reading the English articles mre smthly. If we are gd language learners, we can always learn mre in a shrter time with an nline dictinary. It saves much time.
Meng Ha, 14
My paper dictinary is a great friend fr me. Whenever I dn’t knw the meaning f a new wrd, I can learn it well by understanding the ntes and the example sentences in the paper dictinary.
Tian Xia, 13
I dn’t like carrying a heavy dictinary wherever I g. It’s really cnvenient t learn a language with the help f an nline dictinary. We dn’t need t spend much time lking up new wrds. Using an nline dictinary makes a mre effective learner.