新高考专用备战2024年高考英语易错题精选易错点15阅读理解：推理判断题4大陷阱教师版

这是一份新高考专用备战2024年高考英语易错题精选易错点15阅读理解：推理判断题4大陷阱教师版，共38页。


易错陷阱1：观点态度易混易错点。
【分析】
1. 选项中的观点态度类词意辨析不清；
2. 原文中表达作者观点、态度的形容词和副词词义；
3. 未能从所列举的例子中理解作者真正表达的意思；
易错陷阱2：文章出处和读者对象易混易错点。
【分析】读者需要具备一定的生活常识，对报纸、杂志、网络、科普、小说、广告、说明书、旅游指南等有基本的了解，才能根据文章的特点对号入座，选出正确的答案。有时命题者为了增加试题的难度，特殊的格式或日期可能不出现，这时需要根据文章的题材内容进行推断。
如，发布新闻，最可能是出现在报纸上；如果是科普读物，可能是出自科普杂志上。
易错陷阱3：写作目的和意图易混易错点。
【分析】考生应根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图和写作手法。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这就要求考生不但要理解文章的主旨大意，而且要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。如，广告是作者要推销一种产品或一种服务：吸引更多的游客﹑读者或订户﹑观众等。议论文是为了说服读者接受或赞同某一观点。
易错陷阱4：细节推断易混易错点。
【分析】细节推断要求考生根据文章内容，推断具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。题干中常出现infer（推断），indicate（象征，暗示），imply（暗示），suggest（暗示）.cnclude（作出结论），assume（假定，设想）等词。考生应以文中信息为依据，不但要理解表层含义，而且要理解深层意义。
【易错点提醒一】 观点态度易混易错点
【例1】（2024届河北省百师联盟高三联考）
But, it desn't have t be all bad news. “One majr mtivatin in studying the link between climate change and human-wildlifecnflicts is finding slutins,” said Abrahms. “As we learn abut specificincidents, we can identify patterns and tends-and cme up with interventins(干预)t try t address these cnflicts.”
Sme interventins maybe as simple as public-awareness campaigns.Gvernments can als plan frties when extreme climate events will bring peple and wild if e int clser cntact. “Once yu knw the rt causes f a cnflict, yu can design interventins t help bth peple and wildlife,” said Abrahms. “We can change.”
What des Abrahms think f interventins?
A. They are t simple.B. They are ut-f-date.
C. They are changeable.D. They are beneficial.
易错分析：拘泥于找到原词，不能从话语中推理作者真正的态度，从而无中生有，仅凭现实生活主观臆断。
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Abrahms认为，一旦你知道冲突的根本原因，你就可以设计干预措施，以帮助人类和野生动物。据此可知，他认为干预措施是有益的。
【变式1】（江苏省2023-2024学年高三名校联考检测试题）
Of curse, all f these are predictins. Scientists have said it’s almst impssible t truly predict hw evlutin will unfld. As we g further and further ut, the predictin is less accurate. And it’s even mre difficult t predict whether anther species will develp human-level intelligence, Sme think that it culd happen. Others, hwever, are less ptimistic because they dn’t think nature will make mistakes twice.
Which f the fllwing best describes the future f ther species filling the same rle as humans?
A．Hpeless.B．Challenging.
C．Prmising.D．Uncertain.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据段中“Of curse, all f these are predictins. Scientists have said it’s almst impssible t truly predict hw evlutin will unfld. As we g further and further ut, the predictin is less accurate. And it’s even mre difficult t predict whether anther species will develp human-level intelligence, Sme think that it culd happen. Others, hwever, are less ptimistic because they dn’t think nature will make mistakes twice.（当然，所有这些都是预测。科学家们表示，要真正预测进化将如何展开几乎是不可能的。随着我们越走越远，预测就越不准确。更难预测的是另一个物种是否会发展出人类水平的智力，有些人认为这是可能发生的。然而，其他人则不那么乐观，因为他们认为大自然不会犯两次错误。）”可知，未来的其他物种能否扮演与人类相同的角色？有的人认为这是可能的，而有的人则对此持消极态度。因此，智能生物的未来是不确定的。故选D。
【变式2】 （2024届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期模拟预测英语试题）

“N ne can read a pamphlet (小册子) abut cars and suddenly expect t drive,” said Rllins. “Driving is a skill that requires educatin and practice. The same is true f respnsive parenting. Public health prfessinals, clinicians, and researchers must cllabrate t help families develp psychscial assets, including respnsive parenting and a structured hme envirnment. This culd imprve childhd besity rates and ther imprtant quality-f-life utcmes,” she cntinued.
Which f the fllwing wuld Prfessr Rllins agree with?
A．Kids’ early expsures t family psychscial assets are hard t measure.
B．Kids’ academic success largely depends n family psychscial assets.
C．Respnsive parenting is the mst imprtant family psychscial asset.
D．Develping psychscial assets is a jint effrt f experts and families.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据段中“Public health prfessinals, clinicians, and researchers must cllabrate t help families develp psychscial assets, including respnsive parenting and a structured hme envirnment.”（公共卫生专业人员、临床医生和研究人员必须合作，帮助家庭发展心理社会资产，包括响应式养育和有组织的家庭环境。）可推知，发展心理社会资产是专家和家庭的共同努力。故选D项。
【变式3】（广东省佛山市S7联盟2023-2024学年高三联考试题）
These kids are admittedly luckier than thse fr whm ging back hme is sadly nt an ptin. But when chsing t live with yur mum is the nly way f cping with an insecure jb, r with the csts f renting in the city, then that’s nt much f a chice. Hme is still the place where, when yu have t g there, they have t take yu in. But a healthy and successful sciety shuldn’t be sending quite many vergrwn children hurrying back fr shelter, and nr shuld it leave quite many parents feeling bad abut it.
What is the authr’s attitude t this trend?
A．Favrable.B．Cnfused.C．Tlerant.D．Disapprving.
【答案】 D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But when chsing t live with yur mum is the nly way f cping with an insecure jb, r with the csts f renting in the city, then that’s nt much f a chice. Hme is still the place where, when yu have t g there, they have t take yu in. But a healthy and successful sciety shuldn’t be sending quite many vergrwn children hurrying back fr shelter, and nr shuld it leave quite many parents feeling bad abut it.(但是，当选择和妈妈住在一起是应对不稳定的工作或城市租金的唯一方法时，这就不是什么好选择了。家仍然是一个地方，当你必须去那里时，他们必须接纳你。但是一个健康和成功的社会不应该让那么多年龄过大的孩子匆忙赶回家寻求庇护，也不应该让那么多父母为此感到难过。)”可推知，作者不赞成这种趋势。故选D项。
【易错点提醒二】 文章出处和读者对象易混易错点
【例2】（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试）
When yu think abut it, fd is an imprtant part f ur lives. Family gatherings center arund fd and the celebratin f majr life events and milestnes invlves fd in ne way r anther. The same hlds true fr us here n the Space Statin. Fd is imprtant and ends up usually being a tpic f discussin fr almst every crew.
Our fd als cmes packaged in many ways. But n matter what the frm f the fd thugh, yu still have the same prblem eating it- - yu d nt want it flying away frm yu and making a mess when yu pen it up. In this case a little bit f extra water is extremely helpful. It keeps the fd kind f sticking tgether and t the package and t yur spn. Small things d escape frm time t time, but we really try hard t minimize the randm flying fd prblem. That is enugh fr nw! Next time I will write abut hw t ck in space.
Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．A fd magazine.B．An astrnaut’s jurnal.
C．A sci-fi handbk.D．A space histry website.
易错分析：对生活常识记日志不熟悉，且第一段细节us here n the Space Statin未能正确理解。
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The same hlds true fr us here n the Space Statin. (对于在空间站的我们而言也是如此。)”, 以及最后一段中的“Next time I will write abut hw t ck in space. (下次我会写一写在太空烹饪的事情。)”可以得知,本文以第一人称来陈述太空饮食方面的内容，因此本文应该是一篇宇航员的太空日志。故选B。
【变式1】（江苏省2023-2024学年高三名校联考检测试题）
In his latest Twitter shake-up, Eln Musk has decided t temprarily cntrl hw many tweets users can read each day.
On Saturday, Musk annunced the daily limit, with sme accunts restricted t 300 psts. Musk said verified users wuld be able t read 6,000 psts per day, while unverified and newly created unverified accunts wuld nly be able t read either 600 r 300 psts per day.
Where is this article mst likely t ccur?
A．In a free magazine ffered n an airplane.
B．In a yearly review bk cncerning Internet and sciety.
C．In a newspaper published within ne mnth.
D．In a literature criticism bk n plitics.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“On Saturday, Musk annunced the daily limit, with sme accunts restricted t 300 psts. (周六，马斯克宣布了每日限制，一些账户被限制在300个帖子)”以及第四段中的“On Friday, Musk als changed Twitter’s rules t stp unregistered users frm viewing tweets withut signing up. (周五，马斯克还改变了推特的规则，禁止未注册用户在未注册的情况下查看推文)”等等，能反映本文是一篇紧跟时事的文章，且本文的语言较为陈述性，不夹杂作者的个人情感，因此最有可能的就是近一个月的新闻报道。故选C。
【变式2】（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）
Special Fd Places t Try In Singapre
It’s an unpleasant fact that lcal fd places are usually meant t cater t meat-eaters. It can be difficult t find a tasty fd place that caters t meat-free diet. Here are sme ptins t shw yu dn’t need meat fr a satisfactry treat.
Wh is the passage intended fr?
A．Thse wh want t lse weight.
B．Thse wh dn’t eat meat.
C．Thse wh can’t g withut meat.
D．Thse wh prefer hme-made fd.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It can be difficult t find a tasty fd place that caters t meat-free diet. Here are sme ptins t shw yu dn’t need meat fr a satisfactry treat.(很难找到一个迎合无肉饮食的美食场所。这里有一些选择，告诉你不需要吃肉就能得到令人满意的款待。)”可推知，这篇文章是写给那些不吃肉或鱼的人的。故选B。
【变式3】（广东省东莞实验中学高三下学期开学“收心”试题）
Beer Wrth Traveling Fr
One culd give t beer the higher status f a universal human truth. Think Irish Guinness r Japanese Sappr, each culture has a beer all its wn. But in recent years, smaller, mre lcal craft breweries (啤酒厂) have been n the rise, necessitating glbe-trtting t gain a taste f the reginal takes n the classics.
Frm well-established breweries in Suth Africa and Califrnia, t the grwing markets in Sutheast Asia, craft beer is wrth travelling fr.
Szt Brewery
Talagante, Chile
A Califrnian and Chilean husband-and-wife team established this brewery utside Santiag in 2016.
The Dancing Camel Brewery
Tel Aviv, Israel
Lcated in a cnverted grain strage facility dating frm the 1930s and established in 2005, Dancing Camel is Israel’s ldest micrbrewery.
Yung Master Brewery
Hng Kng SAR, China
As ne f the first craft breweries in Hng Kng, Yung Master Ales has been a ht spt since 2013. In additin
Yung Henrys Brewery
Sydney, Australia
In the heart f the city, this brewery is all abut the cmmunity, including reducing its envirnmental
Where des the text prbably cme frm?
A．A travel guidebk.
B．A science magazine.
C．A bilgy textbk.
D．A wine advertisement.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题，根据文章的标题“Beer Wrth Traveling Fr(值得旅行的啤酒)”可知，文章主要介绍了几处值得旅行参观的精酿啤酒厂。由此推知，文章应是来自旅游手册。故选A项。
【易错点提醒三】 写作目的和意图易混易错点
【例3】（2024届河北省百师联盟高三联考）
Navigating grwing up alngside academic demands is a difficult phase f life fr anyne. “The hardest part f having dyscalculiainmyK-12 experience was dealing with a disability n tp f the nrmal aspects f grwing up,” Cladek said. “Grwing up with dyscalculia greatly affected myself-wrth and nt feeling like I am enugh,” said Cladek, whis nw a cllege student. “If l culd nly be able t fit in with the rest f the kids and nt have this anxiety and frustratin everytime I lk at a math prblem n my wrksheet, then I’ll be enugh, which was a cmmn thught I had.”
What des the authr want t say by men tning Cladek's experience?
A. Cladek has fantastic memries f schling.
B. It's better t have dyscalculia diagnsed earlier.
C. Grwing up with dyscalculia is a big challenge.
D. Academic demands utweigh struggling with dyscalculia.
易错分析：原文对应均是长难句，容易错误分析句子结构导致不理解句意，更不能推断出其深层含义。
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Cladek说的话“Grwing up with dyscalculia greatly affected myself-wrth and nt feeling like I am enugh，”可知，患有计算障碍的成长极大地影响了Cladek的自我价值，总感觉自己不够好。由此可知，对一个成长过程中的人来说“数盲症”是一个巨大的挑战。
【变式1】（江苏省镇江第一中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）
As Mrs. Brwn revealed in her award acceptance speech abut her jurney t creating Eden Village, helping hmeless peple is smething persnal, “I watched as my hmeless friends walked ff int the darkness t a hidden, wet and cld camp while we went hme t a warm bed. I had t d smething.”
Why is Mrs. Brwn’s award acceptance speech mentined in the paragraph?
A．T express her sympathy fr her friends.
B．T highlight the influence f the village.
C．T shw her sincere gratitude fr the award.
D．T give her reasn fr setting up the village.
易错分析：不能从引述话语中理解作者意图、推断作者深层含义。
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据段中Linda Brwn 所说的话“I watched as my hmeless friends walked ff int the darkness t a hidden, wet and cld camp while we went hme t a warm bed. I had t d smething.（我看着我那些无家可归的朋友们走进黑暗中一个隐蔽的、又湿又冷的营地，而我们则回家睡在温暖的床上。我必须做点什么）”可以推论出，段中提到Mrs. Brwn的获奖感言是为了说明她建立Eden Village的理由。故选D项。
【变式2】（2024届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期模拟预测英语试题）
Eggs-perimenting with eggs
What can yu d with eggs ther than eat them?
Naked Eggs
What des an egg lk like withut its shell? Yu may be picturing the white and ylk in a bwl after cracking it, but that isn’t the nly way t remve the shell.
Materials: an egg, white vinegar, a bwl, a spn
Directins: Fill a bwl with ne cup f vinegar. Add the egg t the bwl, and wait at least 24 hurs. When yu check it after a day, yu’ll ntice sme bubbles n the egg and a residue (残留物) in the water. Use the spn t gently remve the egg frm the bwl. Dump ut the ld vinegar, and add a cup f fresh vinegar. Return the egg t the bwl, and wait anther 24 hurs. When yu remve the egg this time, the shell shuld be cmpletely disslved. What remains will be the cntents f the egg.
Walking n Eggshells
Can Eggs hld the weight f yur entire bdy?
Materials: six cartns (硬纸盒) f eggs, a garbage bag
Directins: Place the garbage bag n the flr t make any necessary clean up easier. Place the cartns f eggs int tw rws f three. Make sure all the eggs are pinting in the same directin— either all pinty end up r all runded end up. Step nt the first cartn f eggs carefully. Make sure yur ft is as flat as pssible and that yu are distributing yur weight evenly. If yu’re careful, yu will succeed. Eggs are actually incredibly strng. The arch shape at the tp and the bttm f the egg allws pressure t be distributed evenly ver the egg. If yu were t place the eggs n their sides instead, yu’d be likely t wind up with a gey (胶粘的) mess.
What was the authr’s purpse in writing this text?
A．T persuade readers t use eggs in new ways.
B．T entertain readers with funny use fr eggs.
C．T tell readers sme ways t experiment with eggs.
D．T inspire readers t cnduct experiments carefully.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。通读全文，可知文章主要讲述两个用鸡蛋做实验的方法，所以目的就是告诉我们鸡蛋除了吃，还可以用来做实验以及具体的实验方法，故选C。
【变式3】（Z20名校联盟2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题）
Macaques dn’t use the sharp flakes they create fr anything, Luncz adds, nting that the mnkeys have sharp teeth and dn’t need cutting tls. The similar ancient stne tls cllected frm sme f the earliest knwn sites, hwever, shw evidence f being used fr cutting tasks. Fr example, in Oldwan, a site dating between 3.3 millin and 1.5 millin years ag, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns n the tls and fund that sme f the flakes shwed damage alng their edges, indicating that they had been used fr cutting. Cut marks n sme fssils revealed that hminins had used stne tls fr butchering the animals, making it clear that the sharp stne tls were anything but unintentinal by-prducts f ther punding activities.
Why des the authr mentin the Oldwan site in paragraph 3?
A．T prvide specific prf.B．T clarify a cmplex cncept.
C．T present an interesting fact.D．T make a detailed cmparisn.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“The similar ancient stne tls cllected frm sme f the earliest knwn sites, hwever, shw evidence f being used fr cutting tasks. Fr example, in Oldwan, a site dating between 3. 3 millin and 1. 5 millin years ag, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns n the tls and fund that sme f the flakes shwed damage alng their edges, indicating that they had been used fr cutting.(然而，从一些已知最早的遗址中收集到的类似的古代石器显示出用于切割任务的证据。例如，在奥尔德万，一个可以追溯到大约330万到150万年前的遗址。研究人员分析了这些工具的使用磨损模式，发现一些薄片的边缘有损伤，表明它们曾被用来切割。)”可推断，作者提到奥尔德万遗址是为了提供具体的证据来说明古代石器用于切割任务。故选A。
【易错点提醒四】 细节推断易混易错点
【例4】（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三测试）
Wh can apply?
Anyne is qualified t enrll in the Summer Semester, but please nte sme curses are nly available t current students wh are enrlled in a UQ degree.
Past applicants have included:
●current UQ students
●students frm ther universities, including internatinal students
●prfessinals
●adults frm a range f backgrunds
●high-schl students
Which wrd can best describe the past applicants f Summer Semester?
A．Skilled.B．Yung.C．Diverse.D．Cmpetent.
易错分析：原文细节Anyne is qualified t enrll 及后续举例未能正确理解和推断。
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据Wh can apply?部分中“Past applicants have included: current UQ students, students frm ther universities, including internatinal students, prfessinals, adults frm a range f backgrunds, high-schl students (过去的申请者包括：昆士兰大学在读学生，来自其他大学的学生（包括国际学生），专业人士，来自不同背景的成年人，高中生)”可知，过去的申请者是各种各样的。因此，背景多样可以概括其特征。故选C项。
【变式1】（辽宁省六校2023-2024学年高三联考试卷）
A tree-planting initiative in Kenya has seen ver 30,000 trees being planted. The Green Generatin Initiative is a Kenyan charity that has been planting trees t cunter climate change and the reductin in frest in the East African natin since 2016.
Speaking t wrld leaders at the recent United Natins Climate Cnference in Glasgw (COP26), Elizabeth issued a serius warning n the threat f climate change. Over tw millin f Kenyans are facing climate related starvatin. In 2025, half f the wrld’s ppulatin will be facing water shrtage. The climate crisis will displace 80 millin peple in sub-Saharan Africa alne.
Elizabeth said, “I have been ding what I can. Inspired by the great Wangari Maathai, I funded a tree grwing initiative that enhances fd security fr yung Kenyans.” S far, they have grwn 30,000 fruit trees t maturity, prviding desperately needed nutritin fr thusands f children. “Every day we see that when we lk after the trees, they lk after us. We are the adults n this Earth right nw, and it is ur respnsibility t ensure that the children have fd and water,” she added.
Which f the fllwing can best describe Elizabeth Wathuti?
A．Friendly and talented.B．Caring and respnsible.
C．Hnest and determined.D．Ambitius and humrus.
【答案】 B
【解析】推理判断题。根据Elizabeth Wathuti创立慈善机构的目的，特别是第三段的第一句话“Speaking t wrld leaders at the recent United Natins Climate Cnference in Glasgw (COP26), Elizabeth issued a serius warning n the threat f climate change.（最近在格拉斯哥举行的联合国气候大会上，Elizabeth对世界各国领导人发表讲话，就气候变化的威胁发出了严重警告）”和第四段的第一句话“Elizabeth said, ‘I have been ding what I can. Inspired by the great Wangari Maathai, I funded a tree grwing initiative that enhances fd security fr yung Kenyans.’（Elizabeth说:‘我一直在做我能做的。在伟大的Wangari Maathai启发下，我创立了一个植树计划，以提高肯尼亚年轻人的粮食安全’）”可以推论出， Elizabeth Wathuti是一位富有爱心和责任心的人。故选B项。
【变式2】（辽宁省六校2023-2024学年高三联考试卷）
The Clmbian researchers are nt the nly nes wrking n creating a slwer-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University f Dundee in Sctland fund that a natural prtein called BsIA was very effective in keeping the treat frzen fr lnger perids f time. With bth teams fighting t be the first t get t the market, the future f everyne’s favrite dessert certainly lks bright.
What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．BsIA is ppular in the market.
B．CNFs are mre useful and expensive than BsIA．
C．Ice creams with CNFs have been n sale at the market.
D．Slwly enjying an ice cream will sn becme a reality.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段“The Clmbian researchers are nt the nly nes wrking n creating a slwer-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University f Dundee in Sctland fund that a natural prtein called BsIA was very effective in keeping the treat frzen fr lnger perids f time.”哥伦比亚的研究人员并不是唯一致力于制造一种融化速度较慢的冰淇淋的人。2015年，苏格兰邓迪大学的科学家们发现，一种叫做BsIA的天然蛋白质能有效地让巧克力保持更长时间的冷冻。由此推知，人们缓慢吃冰淇淋将会成为一个事实。故选D。
【变式3】（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）
Special Fd Places t Try In Singapre
It’s an unpleasant fact that lcal fd places are usually meant t cater t meat-eaters. It can be difficult t find a tasty fd place that caters t meat-free diet. Here are sme ptins t shw yu dn’t need meat fr a satisfactry treat.
Vegan Burg
Vegan Burg has a surprisingly diverse range f plant-based burgers. Frm Hawaiian Teriyaki t Char-Grilled Satay, the menu prmises t tempt even the mst hardcre meat lvers. And that’s nt even getting int the add-ns and sides it ffers, such as mushrm fries and barbecue ptates.
Wds Square Twer, #01-06, Singapre 737737
Genesis Restaurant
This eatery prves that meat-free dishes can be as hearty and flavrful as their meat-based cunterparts. Genesis Restaurant is especially knwn fr its juicy dumplings, spring rlls, prk-free ndles and tfu cheesecake.
Havelck Rad, #B1-01, Singapre 059763
WellSmcht Cllective
WellSmcht is a cafe and dessert bar which specializes in plant-based ice cream. Made frm brwn rice, sugar cane juice and fruits r nut butters, Smcht’s rice cream, as they call it, cmes in a wide variety f delicius flavrs such as Earl Grey Lavender,Rse Ccnut and Gula Melaka.
Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapre 575628
Green Cmmn
This ne-stp plant-based eatery and marketplace has a delicius menu f muth-watering meat-free dishes, frm Japanese cuisine like sushi and mis glazed fillet t Western dishes like fishless tacs and pasta, as well as lcal favurites such as seafd laksa and even buah keluak rice.
HarburFrnt Walk, #169-170, Singapre 098585
Wh is the passage intended fr?
A．Thse wh want t lse weight.
B．Thse wh dn’t eat meat.
C．Thse wh can’t g withut meat.
D．Thse wh prefer hme-made fd.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It can be difficult t find a tasty fd place that caters t meat-free diet. Here are sme ptins t shw yu dn’t need meat fr a satisfactry treat.(很难找到一个迎合无肉饮食的美食场所。这里有一些选择，告诉你不需要吃肉就能得到令人满意的款待。)”可推知，这篇文章是写给那些不吃肉或鱼的人的。故选B。
1.（2023年新高考I卷）
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A ditry stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
4. What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was fnd f traveling.B. He enjyed being alne.
C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He lnged t be a dctr.
5. Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A. T feed the animals.B. T build an ecsystem.
C. T prtect the plants.D. T test the ec-machine.
6. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn’s research plans.B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D. T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
7. What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water t survive.
C. Life n Earth is diverse.D. Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
【答案】 6. B 7. A
【解析】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
2.（2023年浙江卷1月）
Zer waste was a radical lifestyle mvement a few years back. I remember shwing my parents a vide f Bea Jhnsn, sharing hw cl I thught it wuld be t buy grceries with jars, and have s little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries, and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere. It came ff as a bit discuraging.
Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued, I did what I culd that was within my wn reach. I had my wn bedrm, s I wrked n remving things I didn’t need. Since I had my wn tiletries (洗漱用品), I was able t start persnalising my rutine t be mre sustainable. I als ffered t ck every s ften, s I prtined ut a bit f the cupbard fr my wn zer waste grceries. Perhaps yur husehld wn’t entirely make the switch, but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire.
As yu make yur lifestyle changes, yu may find yurself wanting t speak up fr yurself if thers cmment n what yu’re ding, which can turn itself int a whle husehld debate. If yu have individuals wh are nt n bard, yur wrds prbably wn’t d much and can ften leave yu feeling mre discuraged.
S here is my advice: Lead by actin.
25．What was the attitude f the authr’s father tward buying grceries with jars?
A．He disapprved f it.B．He was favrable t it.
C．He was tlerant f it.D．He didn’t care abut it.
26．What can we infer abut the authr?
A．She is quite gd at cking.B．She respects thers’ privacy.
C．She enjys being a husewife.D．She is a determined persn.
【答案】 25．A 26．D
【解析】
25.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries, and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere. It came ff as a bit discuraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。
26.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued, I did what I culd that was within my wn reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps yur husehld wn’t entirely make the switch, but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
3. (2022年浙江卷1月)
Fr nearly a decade nw, Merebeth has been a self-emplyed pet transprt specialist. Her pet transprt jb was brn f the financial crisis(危机)in the late 2000s. The dwnturn hit the real estate (房地产)firm where she had wrked fr ten years as an ffice manager. The firm went brke and left her lking fr a new jb. One day, while driving near her hme, she saw a dg wandering n the rad, clearly lst. She tk it hme, and her sister in Denver agreed t take it. This was a lving hme fr sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn’t take lng fr Merebeth t decide t drive the dg there herself. It was her first rad trip t her new jb.
This wanderlust is inherited frm her father, she says. She mved their family frm Canada t Califrnia when she was ne year ld, because he wanted them t explre a new place tgether. As sn as she graduated frm high schl she left hme t live n Catalina Island ff the Califrnian cast, away frm her parents, where she enjyed a life f sailing and ff-rad biking.
It turns ut that pet transprting pays quite well at abut $30, 000 per year befre tax. She desn’t wrk in summer, as it wuld be unpleasantly ht fr the animals in the car, even with air cnditining. As autumn cmes, she gets restless—the same ld wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must heed alne, thugh. Merebeth says, “When I am n the rad, I’m just in my wn wrld. I’ve always been independent-spirited and I just feel strngly that I mush help animals.”
1．Why did Merebeth changed her jb?
A．She wanted t wrk near her hme.
B．She was tired f wrking in the ffice.
C．Her sister asked her t mve t Denver.
D．Her frmer emplyer was ut f business.
3．What can we learn abut Merebeth in her new jb?
A．She has chances t see rare animals.
B．She wrks hard thrughut the year.
C．She relies n herself the whle time.
D．She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
【答案】1．D 3．C
【解析】
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The dwnturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had wrked fr ten years as an ffice manager. The firm went brke and left her lking fr a new jb.（她曾在一家房地产公司做了10年的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。 公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以换工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When I am n the rad, I'm just in my wn wrld. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strngly that I mush help animals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世界里。 我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故选C。
4. (2021年新高考I卷)
By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.”
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
25. Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A. Bring.B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.D. Dangerus.
【答案】 C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Tittertn的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。
（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试）
As students return t schl this fall, many f them- perhaps especially thse frm histrically disadvantaged student grups- will be starting the academic year with achievement levels lwer than where they were at the beginning f summer break. This phenmenn is smetimes referred t as summer learning lss. We review what is knwn abut summer lss and ffer suggestins fr schls lking t slve the prblem.
Traditinally, educatrs and plicymakers have relied n cnventinal summer schl prgrams t slve summer learning lss. Nt surprisingly, research suggests that prgrams are mre effective when students attend cnsistently and spend mre time n task academically. Regardless f the design, these plicies shuld ffer engaging ptins fr students ver the summer s that summer learning prgrams d nt feel like punishment fr students wh wuld rather be enjying summer vacatin. Ding s wuld set mre students up fr success as the schl year gets underway.
1．In writing paragraph 1, the authr aims t.
A．prpse a definitinB．make a cmparisn
C．present an issueD．make an argument
15．What des the authr think f summer schl prgrams?
A．The cnventinal prgrams are ineffective.B．Mre chices shuld be prvided fr students.
C．Students shuld d mre academic tasks.D．The prgrams are punishment fr students.
【答案】1．C 2．B
【解析】
1.推理判断题。文章第一段提到“As students return t schl this fall, many f them- perhaps especially thse frm histrically disadvantaged student grups- will be starting the academic year with achievement levels lwer than where they were at the beginning f summer break. This phenmenn is smetimes referred t as summer learning lss.”（今年秋天，当学生们返校时，他们中的许多人——尤其是那些历史上处于不利地位的学生群体——将以比暑假开始时更低的成绩开始新学年。这种现象有时被称为夏季学习损失。）作者通过呈现这一现象来引入话题。由此可知，作者写第一段的作用是呈现问题, 故选C。
2.推理判断题。最后一段提到“Traditinally, educatrs and plicymakers have relied n cnventinal summer schl prgrams t slve summer learning lss. ”（传统上，教育工作者和政策制定者依靠传统的暑期学校项目来解决暑期学习损失问题）“Regardless f the design, these plicies shuld ffer engaging ptins fr students ver the summer s that summer learning prgrams d nt feel like punishment fr students wh wuld rather be enjying summer vacatin. ”（无论设计如何，这些政策都应该为学生在暑假期间提供有吸引力的选择，这样暑期学习计划就不会让那些宁愿享受暑假的学生感到受惩罚。）由此判断，作者认为应该给学生更多的选择让学生既能保证学习效果，又能好好享受假期。故选B。
6.（辽宁省六校2023-2024学年高三联考试卷）
The AIDA mdel is the fundatin f mdern marketing and advertising practice. It utlines the fur basic steps used t persuade ptentials t make a purchase. The first three steps lie in creating attentin (A), decrating interest (I), and building desire (D) fr the prduct, befre the furth step — the “call t actin” (A) — tells them exactly hw and where t buy. AIDA can channel the custmer’s feelings thrugh each stage tward reaching a sale.
“Call-t-actin” is where all f the initial hard wrk pays ff and leads t the actin frm a ptential custmer. Fr example, they might pick up the phne t discuss the idea f a trial f the services r, alternatively, they may just buy that prduct r service that has been prmted t them all alng.
And AIDA is used t great effect in the mvie industry. Mvie studis begin their marketing campaigns mnths in advance. The campaigns develp by ffering attractive flashes f the mvie withut giving t much away. Desire is inspired by the release f the full preview which is fully designed t shw the exciting mments f the mvie, frm special effects t humrus lines f dialgue n the pening weekend. Advertisements in newspapers and n televisin fcus n the mvie’s release, inviting the cnsumer t g and buy a ticket.
1．What is the purpse f practising AIDA?
A．T create jbs.B．T increase sales.
C．T research markets.D．T intrduce prducts.
2．Why des the authr mentin the mvie industry in the last paragraph?
A．T design an AIDA mdel.B．T display hw AIDA wrks.
C．T shw hw t make a mvie.D．T advertise the mvie industry.
【答案】1．B 2．B
【解析】
1.推理判断题。根据第一段“AIDA can channel the custmer’s feelings thrugh each stage tward reaching a sale.(AIDA可以引导客户的感受通过每个阶段来达成销售) ”可推知，实践AIDA就是为了增加销售。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And AIDA is used t great effect in the mvie industry. Mvie studis begin their marketing campaigns mnths in advance. The campaigns develp by ffering attractive flashes f the mvie withut giving t much away. Desire is inspired by the release f the full preview which is fully designed t shw the exciting mments f the mvie, frm special effects t humrus lines f dialgue n the pening weekend. Advertisements in newspapers and n televisin fcus n the mvie’s release, inviting the cnsumer t g and buy a ticket. (AIDA在电影工业中发挥了巨大的作用。电影制片厂会提前几个月开始营销活动。宣传活动通过提供有吸引力的电影片段而不透露太多信息来发展。Desire的灵感来自于完整预览版的发布，该预览版旨在展示电影的激动人心的时刻，从特效到幽默的对白。报纸和电视上的广告关注电影的上映，邀请消费者去买票)”可推知，作者在最后一段提到了电影行业，以展示AIDA是如何工作的。故选B。
7.（2024届河北省百师联盟高三联考）
As a child, Darrin, wh was brn and raised in Camern, was fascinated by Chinese martial arts.He dreamed abut learning the discipline and visiting China ne day.
In 2016, Darrin, wh was a university student majring in materialscience in Camern, started t learn Chinese at the Cnfucius Institute(孔子学院).Aside frm martialarts, he gt t knw abut the cuntry thrugh phts and vides.After a year f learning Chinese, Darin arrived in Kaifeng, as a language student atHenan University.
“When I saw the kungfu masters practice, it was like a dream cme true.I was tld that martial arts is mre than the pwerful mvements.Like self-defense, it is abut away f life, which is full f Chinese philsphy,” says Darrin.
Since 2017, Darrin has entered many martial arts cmpetitins, especially fr taichi, and wn a number f awards. He says that taichi helps him becme strng and healthy, stay in gd shape and develp excellent cncentratin, “Taichi helps megain my balance, physically and mentally,” says. “It changed me.”
Besides taichi, Darrinals learned t perfrm Yuju Opera, which is knwn fr its meldic singing, amazing martialarts mvements and stries.In 2017, Darrin watched a Yuju Opera perfrmance, Hua Mulan, fr the first time after arriving in Kaifeng. “The stry is full f drama.The singing f the perfrmers and the live band were full f energy,” recalls Darrin, wh later studied YujuOperawithartistLiShujian, “Since Yuju Opera is perfrmed in the Henan dialect, he had t learn the dialect first. He learned and practiced very hard,” says Li.
In 2019, Dari perfrmed Yuju Opera n the ppular TV shw, Li Yuan Chun, prduced and bradcast by Henan TV.Under his Chinese name, Liu Banjing, Darrin wn secnd place inne f the TV shws.Darrin ntes that Kaifeng was frmerly knwn asBianjinginancientChina.
“I have made lts f rinds here and I am cnsidering living and wrking in China after graduatin,” says Darrin.
1. What des the furth paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. Martial arts' influence n Darrin.B. Tai chi's strict discipline.
C. Darrin's numerus awards.D. Darrin's new dreams.
2. Why did Darrin use Liu Bianjing as his Chinese name?
A. T hnur his pera teacher.B. T express his lve fr the city.
C. T shw his achievements.D. T attract mre fans.
3. Which f the fllwing can best describe Darrin?
A. Optimistic and generus.B. Humrus and determined.
C. Ambitius and multi-talented.D. Adventurus and realistic.
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.C
【解析】
1.推理判断题。根据第四段大意可知，自2017年以来，Darrin参加了武术比赛，特别是太极拳比赛，并获得了多个奖项。他说，太极拳可以帮助他变得强壮、健康、保持良好状态并培养出色的注意力。据此可知，本段主要介绍的是太极拳对他的影响。
2.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Darrin以他的中文名字刘汴京在一档电视节目中获得第二名。他说，开封以前在中国古代被称为汴京。据此可知，他称自己为汴京，是表达对这座城市的热爱。
3.推理判断题。根据文章大意可知，喀麦隆的Darrin对中国武术着迷，并在武术领域取得很多奖项，后又潜心学习汉语、豫剧，并获奖。由此可知，他雄心勃勃又多才多艺。
8.（江苏省2023-2024学年高三名校联考检测试题）
“If yu lk at where hydrgen is ging t be prduced in Eurpe in the next millin years, it’s in tw cuntries, Spain and Prtugal,” said Thierry Lepercq, the funder and president f HyDeal Ambitin, an industry platfrm bringing tgether 30 cmpanies. “Hydrgen is the new il.”
Lepercq is wrking with cmpanies like Spanish gas pipeline crpratin Enagas and glbal steel giant ArcelrMittal t design an end-t-end mdel fr hydrgen prductin, distributin and supply at a cmpetitive price. Criticism has centered n green hydrgen’s higher cst cmpared with highly-plluting “gray hydrgen” drawn frm natural gas. Lepercq argues that slar energy prduced in Spain is priced lw enugh t cmpete.
Glbally, Lepercq said, “Electricity is 20% f energy cnsumptin. What abut the 80% that is nt electrified? ... Yu need t replace thse fssil fuels. Nt in 50 years’ time. Yu need t replace them nw.”
What can be inferred abut green hydrgen in Spain accrding t Lepercq?
A．It is highly priced.B．It is easy t stre.
C．It is cmpetitive.D．It is highly-plluting.
【答案】 C
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Lepercq is wrking with cmpanies like Spanish gas pipeline crpratin Enagas and glbal steel giant ArcelrMittal t design an end-t-end mdel fr hydrgen prductin, distributin and supply at a cmpetitive price. Criticism has centered n green hydrgen’s higher cst cmpared with highly-plluting “gray hydrgen” drawn frm natural gas. Lepercq argues that slar energy prduced in Spain is priced lw enugh t cmpete.(Lepercq正在与西班牙天然气管道公司Enagas和全球钢铁巨头ArcelrMittal公司合作，设计一种端到端的氢气生产、分销和供应模式，价格具有竞争力。批评的焦点是，与从天然气中提取的高污染“灰氢”相比，绿色氢的成本更高。Lepercq认为，西班牙生产的太阳能价格足够低，具有竞争力)”可知，Lepercq认为西班牙的绿氢生产极具竞争性。故选C。
9.（2024届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期模拟预测英语试题）
She applied strategies that web insiders are familiar with (keeping multiple brwsers pen, refreshing sites every 20 secnds, erasing ckies) and added a few f her special skills. “I drink a lt f cffee, and I’m a fast typer,” she says. Sn enugh, Zwinggi had secured appintments fr bth f her parents. “I felt like a rck star,” she says.
Zwinggi decided that helping thers wuld be her way f giving back. “I feel like I need t will us ut f this pandemic,” she says. On February 10, she lgged n t Facebk t let peple knw that she was assisting with bkings. By March 2, she’d secured appintments fr 400 peple, a feat (壮举) that made Nick cnclude, “Marla is an angel.”
Which f the fllwing best describes Zwinggi?
A．Caring and cnfidentB．Passinate and persevering
C．Thughtful and talentedD．Supprtive and skillful
【答案】 D
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“She applied strategies that web insiders are familiar with (keeping multiple brwsers pen, refreshing sites every 20 secnds, erasing ckies) and added a few f her special skills. “I drink a lt f cffee, and I’m a fast typer,” she says.(她采用了网络内部人士熟悉的策略（保持多个浏览器打开，每20秒刷新一次网站，删除ckie），并添加了一些她的特殊技能。“我喝很多咖啡，而且打字很快，”她说)”以及最后一段“Zwinggi decided that helping thers wuld be her way f giving back.( Zwinggi认为帮助他人是她回馈社会的方式)”可推知，Zwinggi乐于助人且对预约疫苗很熟练。故选D。
10.（Z20名校联盟2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题）
The ebike has becme an essential item, and even the King has been sptted riding ne. Accrding t the market research cmpany Mintel, sales have almst tripled ver the past five years. While ebikes have becme increasingly cmmnplace, they are still undeniably expensive. Yu can pick up a perfectly adequate push bike fr £300, but mst ebikes cst nearly £2, 000. Nw, Cycling Electric, designed t help cnsumers chse an ebike, ffers the fllwing recmmendatins.
Best flding bike
Carb Mdel X
Price: £2, 799 | Weight: 13. 3kg
Range: up t 34 miles
This is ne f the mst cnvenient bikes, frm a little-knwn label. The lightweight Carb X is the perfect example f cnvenience thanks t its carbn frame and belt drive, instead f a metal bike chain. This makes it lighter and less likely t get messy than an electric Brmptn, with its mre traditinal, ily chain.
Mst stylish
Temple Cycles Classic
Price: frm £2, 995 | Weight: 19kg
Range: up t 74 miles
This Bristl-based brand is knwn fr its elegant pushbikes, which are hand-built in the city. This is its electric versin. It’s a very sleek and functinal cmmuter ptin and nt t heavy. Temples have fewer prprietary (品牌专卖的) parts and s are serviceable in any bike shp. Stylish as they may be, the VanMfs and the Cwbys can be a bit mre cmplex t get back-up and service.
The mney-n-bject ptin
Riese & Müller Nev4 GT Vari GX
Price: £5, 380 | Weight: 28. 4kg
Range: up t 93 miles
This is a prime example f the attentin t detail delivering a high-quality experience in functinality, cmfrt and practicality— if yu can affrd it. It has the capacity t handle 25kg f luggage in a pannier, pwerful rad lights and a beautifully smth mtr.
1．Which ebike will a cnsumer prbably chse, wh cares mst abut an excellent experience?
A．Carb Mdel X.B．The VanMfs and the Cwbys.
C．Temple Cycles Classic.D．Riese & Müller Nev4 GT Vari GX.
2．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．An nline pst.B．A magazine clumn.
C．A market research reprt.D．An fficial dcument.
【答案】 1．D 2．B
【解析】
1.推理判断题。根据最后一款车的介绍部分的“This is a prime example f the attentin t detail delivering a high-quality experience in functinality, cmfrt and practicality— if yu can affrd it.(如果你能负担得起的话，这是一个注重细节，在功能、舒适和实用性方面提供高质量体验的典型例子。)”可知，最关心良好的体验的消费者会选择Riese & Müller Nev4 GT Vari GX，故选D。
2．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Nw, Cycling Electric, designed t help cnsumers chse an ebike, ffers the fllwing recmmendatins.(现在，旨在帮助消费者选择电动自行车的Cycling Electric提供了以下建议。)”可知，主要介绍的是Cycling Electric推荐的三款电动自行车，因此很可能是来自于一个杂志专栏。故选B。
11. (广东省江门市新会一中2023-2024学年高三试题)
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
1．What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A．T review Jhn’s research plans.B．T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C．T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D．T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
2．What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A．Nature can repair itself.B．Organisms need water t survive.
C．Life n Earth is diverse.D．Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
【答案】 1．B 2．A
【解析】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
12.（广东省东莞实验中学高三下学期开学“收心”试题）
On the utside, 12-year-ld Luna seems like yur average kid. It's nt until yu get t knw her that yu learn that Luna is anything but average.
Bm with a heart defect (缺陷)called dextrcardia, Luna has had three pen-heart peratins and cntinues t pursue her interests in art and fashin. But when Luna was apprached by athletic she cmpany Saucny t design a she fr sale acrss the cuntry, it came as quite a surprise.
“Rather than just a dnatin, we wanted t create an experience and a mment that wuld nt nly raise mney, but als awareness t highlight all the amazing wrk that's being dne at BCH,“ says Chris, Saucny's vice president. “Specifically, we wanted t give sme f the BCH kids an pprtunity t share their stry and their talents with the wrld. ”
1．What can we learn frm Chris' wrds?
A．It's unwise t raise mney.
B．It's ptinal t seek dnatins.
C．It's wnderful t study art.
D．It's necessary t shw kids' talents.
2．Which f the fllwing best describes Luna?
A．Gifted and determined.B．Generus and serius.
C．Grateful and helpful.D．Creative and sensitive.
【答案】1．D 2．A
【解析】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Rather than just a dnatin, we wanted t create an experience and a mment that wuld nt nly raise mney, but als awareness t highlight all the amazing wrk that's being dne at BCH”（不仅仅是捐款，我们想创造一种体验和时刻，不仅是为了筹集资金，也是为了让人们意识到BCH正在做的所有了不起的工作）和“Specifically, we wanted t give sme f the BCH kids an pprtunity t share their stry and their talents with the wrld.”（特别地，我们想给BCH的孩子们一个机会，与世界分享他们的故事和他们的才能。）可知，展示孩子的才能是必要的。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“cntinues t pursue her interests in art and fashin”（ 继续追求她在艺术和时尚方面的兴趣）、第三段的“I gt t use my art and creativity fr smething new”（ 我开始用我的艺术和创造力去做一些新的事情）以及第四段的“share their stry and their talents”（分享他们的故事和他们的天赋）可以看出Luna是有才华，有天赋的（talented/gifted），又根据文章第二段“Luna has had three pen-heart peratins and cntinues t pursue her interests in art and fashin.”（ Luna做过三次心脏手术，并继续追求她对艺术和时尚的兴趣。）以及最后一段“The advice I wuld give a kid r smene like me is never give up.”（ 我给孩子或像我这样的人的建议是永远不要放弃。）可以看出Luna是意志坚定的（determined）。故选A。
13.（广东省佛山市S7高质量发展联盟2023-2024学年高三联考英语试题）
A 12-year-ld girl, Eleanr Wds, has created a green backpack that filters (过滤) ut air pllutin. Her innvative bag wn the award f the “Backpack t the Future” cmpetitin.
The cmpetitin was launched t encurage students t cmbine an interest in fashin with a career in science, technlgy, engineering r maths.
Pwered by green energy frm slar pwer and a dynam--a machine that cnverts mechanical energy int electrical energy--the backpack filters plluted air befre fanning ut cleaner air nearby.
Air pllutin was always Eleanr’s cncern. Meanwhile, spending a lt f time with her asthmatic (患哮喘病的) mum, Eleanr especially fcused n hw pllutin affects a persn’s health and the spread f diseases. “We have an air filter at hme because my mum has mild asthma. But what if she wants t g ut? It wuld be incnvenient and dangerus! My Breathe Better Backpack is abut keeping thse like my mther safe using an air filter. It lks cl and will help get them utside and fight ff clds,” Eleanr said.
The girl added, “My generatin has really realized pllutin, and we have lessns n it at schl. This is anther reasn why I designed this, because we need t d smething.”
1．Wh will mst prbably benefit frm the backpack?
A．Students living in pverty.B．Thse suffering frm asthma.
C．Peple wrking in an pen way.D．Judges wrried abut pllutin.
2．Which f the fllwing best describes Eleanr Wds?
A．Humrus and mdest.B．Ambitius and selfless.
C．Cnfident and fearless.D．Creative and cnsiderate.
【答案】 1．B 2．D
【解析】
推理判断题。根据第四段“We have an air filter at hme because my mum has mild asthma. But what if she wants t g ut? It wuld be incnvenient and dangerus! My Breathe Better Backpack is abut keeping thse like my mther safe using an air filter. (我们家里有一个空气过滤器，因为我的母亲患有轻度哮喘。但如果她想出去怎么办？这既不方便又危险！我的Breathe Better背包是为了保护像我母亲这样的人的安全)”可知，这款背包可让哮喘患者安全出门，推测哮喘病患者可能从背包中受益。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段“A 12-year-ld girl, Eleanr Wds, has created a green backpack that filters ut air pllutin. Her innvative bag wn the award f the “Backpack t the Future” cmpetitin.(12岁的女孩Eleanr Wds制作了一个可以过滤空气污染的绿色背包。她的创新背包赢得了“面向未来的背包”比赛的奖项)”以及第四段“Air pllutin was always Eleanr’s cncern. Meanwhile, spending a lt f time with her asthmatic mum, Eleanr especially fcused n hw pllutin affects a persn’s health and the spread f diseases.(空气污染一直是埃莉诺关心的问题。与此同时，埃莉诺花了很多时间和患有哮喘的母亲在一起，她特别关注污染如何影响一个人的健康和疾病的传播)”可知，Eleanr Wds关心空气污染，花很多时间陪伴自己的母亲，发明能够过滤空气的背包，Eleanr Wds是有创造力且具有创新能力的。故选D。
14.（山东省青岛市2023-2024学年高三调研检测试题）
Tree-planting, intended t help draw dwn carbn dixide frm the atmsphere, has becme a synnym (同义词) fr climate actin. In ur cnstant fcus n trees, we’ve develped a fixed understanding: Trees absrb carbn dixide, end f stry. The reality is that trees dn’t grw well alne. They exist within cmplex cmmunities, helped alng by each ther as well as the animals they cexist with. The wdland isn’t nature’s nly carbn sink: Grasslands and ceans als help reduce the carbn level and rely n a healthy amunt f bidiversity.
That’s what the paper, published in Nature, wants t get acrss. C-authr Oswald J. Schmitz, a prfessr f eclgy at Yale University, said trees might nt be able t d their carbn-uptake jb efficiently withut the right animals in their ecsystem. That’s because animals animate the carbn cycle thrugh their behavir and rles in the ecsystem. He added that the very presence f wild animals culd cause feedback effects that change the ecsystem’s capacity t absrb, release, r transprt carbn.
In Serengeti, fr instance, the sharp decline in wildebeest (角马) ppulatin s during the mid-20th century allwed grass t grw wildly, eventually prmting wildfires that cnsumed 80 percent f the ecsystem annually and led t a net release f carbn dixide int the atmsphere. When disease management and bans n illegal hunting helped animal ppulatins recver, a greater share f the carbn stred in plants was cnsumed by wildebeest and released as waste, keeping it in the system and restring the grassland as a carbn sink.
1．What can we learn frm the first paragraph?
A．Actins are needed t reduce carbn dixide.B．Trees are a quick slutin t the climate crisis.
C．Peple are nt thinking thrugh trees prperly.D．Grasslands and ceans help maintain bidiversity.
2．What des the authr want t say by mentining wildebeest?
A．The cnservatin f animals is still a serius issue.
B．Animals can swing the ecsystem’s capacity t stre carbn.
C．Human impacts bring abut the reductin in wildlife ppulatins.
D．The increase in animal species causes a decrease in carbn uptake.
【答案】1．C 2．B
【解析】
1.推理判断题。根据第一段中“In ur cnstant fcus n trees, we’ve develped a fixed understanding: Trees absrb carbn dixide, end f stry. The reality is that trees dn’t grw well alne. (在我们对树木的持续关注中，我们已经形成了一种固定的理解：树木吸收二氧化碳，仅此而已。事实是，树木单独生长并不好)”可推知，人们没有正确地考虑树木。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“He added that the very presence f wild animals culd cause feedback effects that change the ecsystem’s capacity t absrb, release, r transprt carbn.(他补充说，野生动物的存在可能会引起反馈效应，改变生态系统吸收、释放或运输碳的能力)”和第三段中“In Serengeti, fr instance, the sharp decline in wildebeest (角马) ppulatin s during the mid-20th century allwed grass t grw wildly, eventually prmting wildfires that cnsumed 80 percent f the ecsystem annually and led t a net release f carbn dixide int the atmsphere. (例如，在Serengeti，角马的数量在20世纪中期急剧下降，使得草疯狂生长，最终引发了野火，每年消耗80%的生态系统，并导致二氧化碳净释放到大气中)”可推知，作者提到角马是想说动物可以改变生态系统储存碳的能力。故选B项。
15.(山东省曲阜师大附中2023-2024学年高三试题)
Live with rmmates? Have friends and family arund yu? Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn.
I experienced this when I started switching t a zer waste lifestyle five years ag, as I was living with my parents, and I cntinue t experience this with my husband, as he is nt cmpletely zer waste like me. I’ve learned a few things alng the way thugh, which I hpe yu’ll find encuraging if yu’re ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt-always-supprtive husehld.
Zer waste was a radical lifestyle mvement a few years back. I remember shwing my parents a vide f Bea Jhnsn, sharing hw cl I thught it wuld be t buy grceries with jars, and have s little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries, and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere. It came ff as a bit discuraging.
Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued, I did what I culd that was within my wn reach. I had my wn bedrm, s I wrked n remving things I didn’t need. Since I had my wn tiletries (洗漱用品), I was able t start persnalising my rutine t be mre sustainable. I als ffered t ck every s ften, s I prtined ut a bit f the cupbard fr my wn zer waste grceries. Perhaps yur husehld wn’t entirely make the switch, but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire.
As yu make yur lifestyle changes, yu may find yurself wanting t speak up fr yurself if thers cmment n what yu’re ding, which can turn itself int a whle husehld debate. If yu have individuals wh are nt n bard, yur wrds prbably wn’t d much and can ften leave yu feeling mre discuraged.
S here is my advice: Lead by actin.
1．What was the attitude f the authr’s father tward buying grceries with jars?
A．He disapprved f it.B．He was favrable t it.
C．He was tlerant f it.D．He didn’t care abut it.
2．What can we infer abut the authr?
A．She is quite gd at cking.B．She respects thers’ privacy.
C．She enjys being a husewife.D．She is a determined persn.
【答案】 1．A 2．D
【解析】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries, and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere. It came ff as a bit discuraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued, I did what I culd that was within my wn reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps yur husehld wn’t entirely make the switch, but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。