福建省福州市六校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省福州市六校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题（Word版附解析），共34页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

（满分：150分 完卷时间：120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des Jennifer like ding mst in her free time?
A. Ding sprts. B. Watching TV. C. Attending a club.
2. Hw des the man g t wrk nw?
A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By car.
3. Where will the wman g next?
A. Shanghai. B. Beijing. C. Xi’an.
4. What des Jenny want t d?
A. Ski p supper. B. Put the tys back later. C. Help her mther after a while.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Mike’s childhd. B. Mike’s pets. C. Mike’s favrite animal.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Michelle ding there?
A Watching a cncert. B. Picking up her sister. C. Buying a birthday gift.
7. What is Michelle?
A. A prfessr. B. A guide. C. A student.
听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。
8. What will Mark d first?
A. Fetch the cake. B. Mve the chairs. C. Blw up ballns.
9. When will the party begin?
A. At 5: 00 pm. B. At 7: 00 pm. C. At 8: 00 pm.
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Bss and emplyee. C. Friends.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. Why did Jasn g fishing yesterday?
A. T have fun with family. B. T relax with clleagues. C. T d sme research wrk.
12. What kind f fish was caught yesterday?
A. A new species.
B. A fish with a shark-like tail.
C. A fish living n the bttm f the sea.
13. What was the weight f the fish?
A. Abut 70 punds. B. Almst 100 punds. C. Mre than 140 punds.
14. Hw des the wman prbably feel in the end?
A. Cncerned. B. Excited. C. Curius.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. When will the man g t Susan’s huse?
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
16. What des Susan ask the man t d?
A. Cut dwn sme trees. B. Plant sme vegetables. C. Prepare sme garden beds.
17. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. Over the phne. B. In a garden. C. At the man’s ffice.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What can campers d in the camps?
A. Learn languages and cultures.
B. Travel t China.
C. Visit Spain.
19. Hw lng d half-day camps last?
A.3 hurs. B.4 hurs. C. 5 hurs.
20. Why des the speaker give the talk?
A. T intrduce camps t her students.
B. T advertise the summer camps.
C. T tell campers what t d.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Make Space in Yur Summer fr Free Fun
Yu dn’t have t g t the mn t meet an astrnaut; Yu can d it at the Air and Space Museum n July 16.
Pineering pilt Amelia Earhart disappeared n a flight arund the glbe in 1937. But she’ll be at the Natinal Air and Space Museum n July 16 — the museum’s first Family Day f the seasn — t tell yu all abut her adventures. (Okay, it’s actually an actress pretending t be Earhart.) NASA astrnaut Patrick Frrester will be there t answer yur questins, t. Cme and learn hw space explratin changed the wrld.
Anther Family Day event takes place n July 25. At “Discver the Mn Day!” yu can steer (驾驶) a rbtic rver (a vehicle fr explring the surface f a planet), examine meterites (陨石) that were fund n the mn, see the capsule (太空舱) that tk the Apll 11 astrnauts there and back and view phts f the lunar surface using 3-D glasses.
Yu can create lunar art and take a mn quiz. We’ll give yu ne example: July 20, 1969.. D yu knw what happened that day?
Natinal Air and Space Museum
Independence Avenue at Sixth Street SW
Open daily 10 am t 7: 30 pm thrugh September 1 (with a few early clsings at 5: 30 pm; visit ur website fr details).
Family Day prgrammes are frm 10 am t 3 pm.
Infrmatin specialists are available Mnday thrugh Friday frm 9 am t 5 pm and Saturday frm 9 am t 4 pm. All ages, but best fr age 7 and lder.
Fr mre infrmatin, call202-633-2214 r g
1. What can museum visitrs d n July 16?
A. Create lunar art.B. Step int an unusual capsule.
C. Learn abut a missing wman pilt’s life.D. See a mvie abut Earhart’s adventures.
2. What d we knw abut “Discver the Mn Day!”?
A. It includes a mn quiz cmpetitin.
B. It’s the first Family Day at the museum.
C. It features a famus astrnaut’s explanatins.
D. It gives peple first-hand experience f space.
3. What’s the clsing time fr the Family Day prgrammes?
A. 3 pm.B. 4 pm.
C. 5:30 pm.D. 7:30 pm.
B
I didn’t quite knw what I was lking fr when I flew t Mnglia fr a term abrad. I just needed smething different, far frm the late-night libraries f my cllege twn. Mst different, I hped, wuld be my rural hmestay: tw weeks in central Mnglia with a family f nmadic(游牧的) herders.
I was studying Mnglian at the time, but still, there was s much I culdn’t say r understand. As we walked in the snw behind the gats, my hst mm wuld ask me if I was cld, then giggle (咯咯地笑) and cpy a big shiver t make sure I understd. In the evenings, she shwed me hw t make dumplings with her fingers. My hst siblings wuld talk with me, speaking t fast fr me t understand, as we explred the rcks arund ur tent; I’d listen and nd.
This verbal(言语的) barrier was strangely freeing. In the crwded dining hall at hme, meeting new peple made me anxius. I’d stay quiet, measuring ut my wrds, struggling fr smething t say that wuldn’t expse me as unfunny r bring. In Mnglia, I culdn’t perfect my wrds. I culd nly smile, and try ut ne f the phrases I’d mastered: “May I help?” “Where is the dg?” “Are yu tired?” My hst family laughed at my prnunciatin, at the way I threw up my hands and eyebrws in a frequent gesture f cnfusin. But in their laughter, I felt safe, unembarrassed.
With my Mnglian family n the grassland, I fund a feeling f ease I’d never felt befre. We were s different, they and I, and nt just in language. Their skin was hardened and darkened by sun; I’d been hidden under hats and sunscreen since birth. My hst siblings(兄弟姐妹) grew up drawing water frm frzen streams and jgging behind herds f sheep; I spent summers at tennis camp.
Fr me, these gaps made all the difference. Withut shared scial measures, I wasted n time wndering hw I was measuring up. Only real things—kindness, helpfulness—mattered.
4 Why did the authr g t Mnglia fr a term abrad?
A. She dreamed f living a nmadic life.B. She was tired f studying late at night.
C. She had t study Mnglians’ nrmal life.D. She was cllecting infrmatin fr libraries.
5. What des the underlined wrd “shiver” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Hug.B. Smile.C. Attack.D. Shake.
6. Hw did the authr behave at the dining hall in her hme cuntry?
A. She felt at ease in the crwd.B. She usually weighed her wrds.
C. She asked a lt f funny questins.D. She ften made thers laugh with jkes.
7. What did the authr learn frm her life in Mnglia?
A. Yu are judged wherever yu g.B. Nature makes humans feel insignificant.
C. Appearance reflects ne’s standard f life.D. Being kind is the cmmn scial standard.
C
Imagine yu fund a wallet cntaining a stranger’s cntact details but n cash. Wuld yu return it t its wner? Nw imagine the same wallet cntained a few bankntes. Wuld that change yur respnse? Des it depend n the amunt f mney? And hw d yu think ther peple wuld react?
Hnesty makes the wrld g rund. Withut peple trusting in ne anther, sciety wuld fall apart. Hnesty is therefre studied academically. Mst wrk in the area, thugh, takes place under cntrlled cnditins in labs, ften featuring (以……为特点) well-ff and well-educated Westerners as its subjects. By cntrast, Alain Chn f the University f Michigan and his clleagues have taken such behaviral ecnmics arund the wrld, cvering 40 cuntries, 355 cities and mre than 17,000 peple.
As the team reprted this week in Science, Dr Chn’s research assistants entered public buildings. They handed in a wallet t the receptinist, saying they had fund it n the street utside. Each wallet cntained cntact details. Imprtantly, sme wallets als included $13.45, while thers nt. Then, the team simply waited t see wh wuld return the wallet.
In 38 f the 40 cuntries, the wallets with mney were returned mre ften than thse withut (51% vs 40%). In additin, wallets cntaining a larger sum f mney ($94.15) were even mre likely (by abut anther 10%) t be returned than thse with less.
With greater temptatin (诱惑), then, cmes greater hnesty —at least when it cmes t lst wallets. Interestingly, thugh, such hnesty is nt reflected in peple’s expectatins f thers. When surveyed, mst f 299 vlunteers predicted that the mre mney in a wallet, the less likely it wuld be returned.
A certain dubt abut the mtives f thers is prbably gd fr survival. But the warm inner thught f “ding the right thing” is als a pwerful mtivatin. Hw this altruism develped is much debated—particularly when it extends, as in Dr Chn’s experiments, t strangers whm the altruist has n expectatin f ever meeting. Be that as it may, as this study shws, such altruism is real and universal.
8. Hw is Alain Chn’s research different frm the previus?
A. It was carried ut in cntrlled situatins.
B. Mre scientists participated in the research.
C. It cvered varied subjects and backgrunds.
D. It tk n accunt f well-educated Westerners.
9. What can we learn frm the research?
A. Rate f hnesty varies amng cuntries.
B. Peple prefer returning wallets withut mney.
C. The less mney in a wallet, the higher rate f returning.
D Wallets with mre mney are mre likely t be given back.
10. What can be inferred frm paragraph 5?
A. Peple are mre hnest than we expect.
B. Peple tend t expect hnesty frm thers.
C. Mre mney always means greater hnesty.
D. Mst peple lse hnesty facing great temptatin.
11. What des the underlined wrd “altruism” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Dubt f thers’ mtivatins.B. Understanding f peple’s dubt.
C. The mtivatin fr survival.D. Cncern fr thers’ needs.
D
The meaning f silence varies amng cultural grups.Silences may be thughtful, r they may be empty when a persn has nthing t say. A silence in a cnversatin may als shw stubbrnness, uneasiness, r wrry. Silence may be viewed by sme cultural grups as extremely uncmfrtable; therefre attempts may be made t fill every gap(间隙) with cnversatin. Persns in ther cultural grups value silence and view it as necessary fr understanding a persn's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part f cmmunicating amng peple, just as sme traditinal Chinese and Thai persns d. Therefre, when a persn frm ne f these cultures is speaking and suddenly stps, what may be implied(暗示) is that the persn wants the listener t cnsider what has been said befre cntinuing.In these cultures, silence is a call fr reflectin.
Other cultures may use silence in ther ways, particularly when dealing with cnflicts amng peple r in relatinships f peple with different amunts f pwer. Fr example, Russian, French, and Spanish persns may use silence t shw agreement between parties abut the tpic under discussin. Hwever, Mexicans may use silence when instructins are given by a persn in authrity rather than be rude t that persn by arguing with him r her. In still anther use, persns in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign f respect, particularly t an elder r a persn in authrity.
Nurses and ther care-givers need t be aware f the pssible meanings f silence when they cme acrss the persnal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses shuld recgnize their wn persnal and cultural cnstructin f silence s that a patient’s silence is nt interrupted t early r allwed t g n unnecessarily. A nurse wh understands the healing(治愈) value f silence can use this understanding t assist in the care f patients frm their wn and frm ther cultures.
12. What des the authr say abut silence in cnversatins?
A. It implies anger.
B. It prmtes friendship.
C. It is culture-specific.
D. It is cntent-based.
13. Which f the fllwing peple might regard silence as a call fr careful thught?
A. The Chinese.
B. The French.
C. The Mexicans.
D. The Russians.
14. What des the authr advise nurses t d abut silence?
A. Let it cntinue as the patient pleases.
B. Break it while treating patients.
C. Evaluate its harm t patients.
D. Make use f its healing effects.
15. What may be the best title fr the text?
A Sund and Silence
B. What It Means t Be Silent
C. Silence t Native Americans
D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gld
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Flrence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Flrence, Italy. When she was almst a year ld, she returned with her family t England.
Flrence ften helped her mther deliver(运送) fd t the pr and sick.___16___ Her family was shcked because nursing was nt a respected prfessin.
But Flrence was determined. She studied bks n medicine. Later, she visited hspitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she culd.___17___
In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Flrence went t the British hspital in Scutari (nw Üsküdar in Istanbul) and she was shcked. The hspital left men lying n the flr, and rats were running everywhere.___18___ Many sldiers died befre receiving help.
The dctrs wuldn’t listen t Flrence because they didn’t like the idea f wmen in army hspitals—until ne day 500 unexpected casualties(伤亡者) arrived. ___19___ Flrence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared fr. Every night she wuld check the patients with her lamp.
When she returned hme after the war, a fund had been set up in her hnr. Many f the sldiers she had nursed had made cntributins(捐款).Nw she culd set up the Nightingale Training Schl in Lndn.
After years f hard wrk, Flrence Nightingale saw cleaner and mre cheerful hspitals. ___20___ All f this was because f the “lady with the lamp”.
A. Nursing became an hnred prfessin.
B. There was n running water and n heat.
C. She knew she had much t learn abut nursing.
D. Flrence saw the sldiers’ health had imprved.
E. As she grew lder, she decided t becme a nurse.
F. They sn realized that Flrence knew what she was ding.
G. Upn returning hme, she was an expert n hspital management.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
I used t walk arund the stre with my parents, cnstantly begging fr smething. I still remember the ___21___ f all the bright bags f chips and candies that I asked my mm t buy fr me. At that time, I had n real ___22___ abut the value f mney.
When I was abut twelve years ld, my dad always ___23___ my begging and tld me with an angry face, “Yu can waste all the mney yu ___24___ when yu have a jb.” I listened t him, but I never really understd the message he was trying t ___25___ t me.
I ___26___ t find a part-time jb when I was 18. One day, a yung man handed me a flyer (传单), which said at the tp “Lking fr a summer jb? Be a ___27___!” I started t think abut the mney I culd make, s I ___28___. A few minutes after my applicatin was sent, I gt an email frm AMS Pls, infrming me t have a(n) ___29___ the next day.
After I ____30____ the training prcess, I finally started the jb. Every afternn, I wrked in the pl, keeping a clse watch n the swimming peple. I was prud I rescued several drwning children. And I culd earn my pcket mney with my skill. Hwever, the mre mney I made, the less I wanted t ____31____. Instead f wasting my mney n ____32____ things, I started saving up. As the pay ____33____, s did my understanding f mney. I came t ____34____ that mney meant s much mre t me because I was the ne wrking fr it. Because I value my mney, I limit myself t what I buy. I nw have 3,300 dllars in my bank ____35____.
21. A. phtB. sceneC. symblD. dream
22. A. knwledgeB. cmmandC. skillD. technlgy
23. A. fllwedB. appreciatedC. refusedD. accepted
24. A. earnB. sptC. lseD. discver
25. A. annunceB. expressC. intrduceD. admit
26. A. failedB. agreedC. pretendedD. decided
27. A. waiterB. secretaryC. nurseD. lifeguard
28. A. appliedB. quitC. stayedD. stpped
29. A. instructinB. interviewC. perfrmanceD. flight
30. A. came acrssB. tk verC. gave upD. went thrugh
31. A. eatB. saveC. spendD. d
32. A. meaningfulB. uselessC. imprtantD. necessary
33. A. increasedB. remainedC. drppedD. flated
34. A. cmplainB. cmmentC. regretD. realize
35. A. accuntB. passwrdC. bkD. lg (徽标)
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s space prgramme started later than ____36____ (that) f Russia and the US, but it has made great prgress in a shrt time. China became the third cuntry in the wrld t ____37____ (independent) send humans int space in 2003, ____38____ Yang Liwei successfully rbited Earth in the Shenzhu 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhu 6 and 7 cmpleted ____39____ secnd manned rbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, ____40____ (fllw) by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent t the mn t study its surface. On 23 July 2020, Tianwen I ____41____ (send) by China t explre the surface f Mars. It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back lts f ____42____ (value) infrmatin. And frm 2021 t 2022, China cmpleted a number f rcket missins t establish its wn space statin. In 2022, the launch f the Mengtian mdule signaled the basic ____43____ (cmplete) f the Tiangng Space Statin. This mdern space statin will allw astrnauts ____44____ (cnduct) many imprtant experiments, greatly ____45____ (further) ur understanding f the universe.
第四部分 课内知识（共两节，满分15分）
第一节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分）
根据语境，选择框中单词或短语替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。
46. He gave up the struggle hpelessly.
47. The bird spread pen its wings and flew away.
48. They lked fr smewhere t shelter, but failed.
49. At last the rganisatin started a campaign t prtect the river.
50. Thugh shrt f experience, Jack made up fr it in enthusiasm.
51. In the nursing prfessin, wmen are in the largest part f the grup.
52. I had t chse anther way back hme, because the rad t my huse was being built at the mment.
第二节（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分）
根据语境选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空，框中有两个为多余的单词或者短语。
53. ________ difficulty, just call n me.
54. He is always ________ mney befre payday.
55. Beynd ________, smking is harmful t health.
56. ________ her last letter, she is having a wnderful time.
57. Smene ________ him leaving the building sn afterwards.
58. In the lab, dn’t tuch anything withut yur teacher’s ________.
59. He made a sincere ________ t me fr spilling cffee n my dress.
60. She gave me a ________ lk --- the kind that said she wuld nt change her mind.
第五部分 写作（满分25分）
61. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Jim在了解中国完成世界首次月球背面采样（sampling）的新闻后，发来邮件和你讨论探月话题。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.月亮在中国文化中的寓意；
2.你对人类探月活动的看法。
注意：
1.词数80左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
I’m glad t share with yu abut my strng interest in mn explratin. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
A. sught B. launched C. unflded D. majrity
E. in despair F. lacking in G. under cnstructin
argue admit permit lack spt aplgise determine
in case（f） run ut（f） judge frm
2023-2024学年第二学期高一年段期末六校联考
英语试卷
（满分：150分 完卷时间：120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des Jennifer like ding mst in her free time?
A. Ding sprts. B. Watching TV. C. Attending a club.
2. Hw des the man g t wrk nw?
A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By car.
3. Where will the wman g next?
A. Shanghai. B. Beijing. C. Xi’an.
4. What des Jenny want t d?
A. Ski p supper. B. Put the tys back later. C. Help her mther after a while.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Mike’s childhd. B. Mike’s pets. C. Mike’s favrite animal.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Michelle ding there?
A. Watching a cncert. B. Picking up her sister. C. Buying a birthday gift.
7. What is Michelle?
A. A prfessr. B. A guide. C. A student.
听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。
8. What will Mark d first?
A. Fetch the cake. B. Mve the chairs. C. Blw up ballns.
9. When will the party begin?
A At 5: 00 pm. B. At 7: 00 pm. C. At 8: 00 pm.
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Bss and emplyee. C. Friends.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. Why did Jasn g fishing yesterday?
A. T have fun with family. B. T relax with clleagues. C. T d sme research wrk.
12. What kind f fish was caught yesterday?
A. A new species.
B. A fish with a shark-like tail.
C. A fish living n the bttm f the sea.
13. What was the weight f the fish?
A. Abut 70 punds. B. Almst 100 punds. C. Mre than 140 punds.
14. Hw des the wman prbably feel in the end?
A. Cncerned. B. Excited. C. Curius.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. When will the man g t Susan’s huse?
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
16. What des Susan ask the man t d?
A. Cut dwn sme trees. B. Plant sme vegetables. C. Prepare sme garden beds.
17. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. Over the phne. B. In a garden. C. At the man’s ffice.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What can campers d in the camps?
A. Learn languages and cultures.
B. Travel t China.
C. Visit Spain.
19. Hw lng d half-day camps last?
A.3 hurs. B.4 hurs. C. 5 hurs.
20. Why des the speaker give the talk?
A. T intrduce camps t her students.
B. T advertise the summer camps.
C. T tell campers what t d.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Make Space in Yur Summer fr Free Fun
Yu dn’t have t g t the mn t meet an astrnaut; Yu can d it at the Air and Space Museum n July 16.
Pineering pilt Amelia Earhart disappeared n a flight arund the glbe in 1937. But she’ll be at the Natinal Air and Space Museum n July 16 — the museum’s first Family Day f the seasn — t tell yu all abut her adventures. (Okay, it’s actually an actress pretending t be Earhart.) NASA astrnaut Patrick Frrester will be there t answer yur questins, t. Cme and learn hw space explratin changed the wrld.
Anther Family Day event takes place n July 25. At “Discver the Mn Day!” yu can steer (驾驶) a rbtic rver (a vehicle fr explring the surface f a planet), examine meterites (陨石) that were fund n the mn, see the capsule (太空舱) that tk the Apll 11 astrnauts there and back and view phts f the lunar surface using 3-D glasses.
Yu can create lunar art and take a mn quiz. We’ll give yu ne example: July 20, 1969.. D yu knw what happened that day?
Natinal Air and Space Museum
Independence Avenue at Sixth Street SW
Open daily 10 am t 7: 30 pm thrugh September 1 (with a few early clsings at 5: 30 pm; visit ur website fr details).
Family Day prgrammes are frm 10 am t 3 pm.
Infrmatin specialists are available Mnday thrugh Friday frm 9 am t 5 pm and Saturday frm 9 am t 4 pm. All ages, but best fr age 7 and lder.
Fr mre infrmatin, call202-633-2214 r g
1. What can museum visitrs d n July 16?
A. Create lunar art.B. Step int an unusual capsule.
C. Learn abut a missing wman pilt’s life.D. See a mvie abut Earhart’s adventures.
2. What d we knw abut “Discver the Mn Day!”?
A. It includes a mn quiz cmpetitin.
B. It’s the first Family Day at the museum.
C. It features a famus astrnaut’s explanatins.
D. It gives peple first-hand experience f space.
3. What’s the clsing time fr the Family Day prgrammes?
A. 3 pm.B. 4 pm.
C. 5:30 pm.D. 7:30 pm.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国国家航空航天博物馆活动的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Pineering pilt Amelia Earhart disappeared n a flight arund the glbe in 1937. But she’ll be at the Natinal Air and Space Museum n July 16 — the museum’s first Family Day f the seasn —t tell yu all abut her adventures.(1937年，先驱飞行员阿梅莉亚·埃尔哈特在环球飞行中失踪。但她将于7月16日，也就是博物馆本季的第一个家庭日，来到国家航空航天博物馆，向你讲述她的冒险经历)”可知，7月16日，博物馆游客可以了解一名失踪女飞行员的生平。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“At “Discver the Mn Day!” yu can steer (驾驶) a rbtic rver (a vehicle fr explring the surface f a planet), examine meterites (陨石) that were fund n the mn, see the capsule (太空舱) that tk the Apll 11 astrnauts there and back and view phts f the lunar surface using 3-D glasses.(在“发现月球日”，你可以驾驶机器人漫游车（一种探索行星表面的工具），检查在月球上发现的陨石，观看阿波罗11号宇航员乘坐的太空舱，并使用3D眼镜来回观看月球表面的照片)”可知，该活动给人们提供亲身体验太空的机会。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Family Day prgrammes are frm 10 am t 3 pm.(家庭日节目时间为上午10时至下午3时)”可知，家庭日节目于下午3时结束。故选A。
B
I didn’t quite knw what I was lking fr when I flew t Mnglia fr a term abrad. I just needed smething different, far frm the late-night libraries f my cllege twn. Mst different, I hped, wuld be my rural hmestay: tw weeks in central Mnglia with a family f nmadic(游牧的) herders.
I was studying Mnglian at the time, but still, there was s much I culdn’t say r understand. As we walked in the snw behind the gats, my hst mm wuld ask me if I was cld, then giggle (咯咯地笑) and cpy a big shiver t make sure I understd. In the evenings, she shwed me hw t make dumplings with her fingers. My hst siblings wuld talk with me, speaking t fast fr me t understand, as we explred the rcks arund ur tent; I’d listen and nd.
This verbal(言语的) barrier was strangely freeing. In the crwded dining hall at hme, meeting new peple made me anxius. I’d stay quiet, measuring ut my wrds, struggling fr smething t say that wuldn’t expse me as unfunny r bring. In Mnglia, I culdn’t perfect my wrds. I culd nly smile, and try ut ne f the phrases I’d mastered: “May I help?” “Where is the dg?” “Are yu tired?” My hst family laughed at my prnunciatin, at the way I threw up my hands and eyebrws in a frequent gesture f cnfusin. But in their laughter, I felt safe, unembarrassed.
With my Mnglian family n the grassland, I fund a feeling f ease I’d never felt befre. We were s different, they and I, and nt just in language. Their skin was hardened and darkened by sun; I’d been hidden under hats and sunscreen since birth. My hst siblings(兄弟姐妹) grew up drawing water frm frzen streams and jgging behind herds f sheep; I spent summers at tennis camp.
Fr me, these gaps made all the difference. Withut shared scial measures, I wasted n time wndering hw I was measuring up. Only real things—kindness, helpfulness—mattered.
4. Why did the authr g t Mnglia fr a term abrad?
A. She dreamed f living a nmadic life.B. She was tired f studying late at night.
C. She had t study Mnglians’ nrmal life.D. She was cllecting infrmatin fr libraries.
5. What des the underlined wrd “shiver” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Hug.B. Smile.C. Attack.D. Shake.
6. Hw did the authr behave at the dining hall in her hme cuntry?
A. She felt at ease in the crwd.B. She usually weighed her wrds.
C. She asked a lt f funny questins.D. She ften made thers laugh with jkes.
7. What did the authr learn frm her life in Mnglia?
A. Yu are judged wherever yu g.B. Nature makes humans feel insignificant.
C Appearance reflects ne’s standard f life.D. Being kind is the cmmn scial standard.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在蒙古留学的经历，她发现与游牧家庭相处时，语言不再是障碍，善良和真诚才是重要的社会标准。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“I didn’t quite knw what I was lking fr when I flew t Mnglia fr a term abrad. I just needed smething different, far frm the late-night libraries f my cllege twn.(当我飞往蒙古去国外学习的时候，我并不知道我在寻找什么。我只是需要一些不同的东西，远离我大学城的深夜图书馆)”可知，作者去蒙古留学一学期是因为她厌倦了深夜学习。故选B。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段的“I was studying Mnglian at the time, but still, there was s much I culdn’t say r understand. As we walked in the snw behind the gats, my hst mm wuld ask me if I was cld, then giggle and cpy a big shiver t make sure I understd.(当时我正在学习蒙古语，但仍然有很多东西我说不出来或听不懂。当我们跟在山羊后面走在雪地里的时候，我的寄宿妈妈问我冷不冷，然后咯咯地笑，并模仿一个大大的……，以确保我明白)”可知，因为下雪了天冷而作者不能完全听懂蒙古语，因此寄宿妈妈会做一个发抖的动作问作者冷不冷，则划线词意为：颤抖。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“In the crwded dining hall at hme, meeting new peple made me anxius. I’d stay quiet, measuring ut my wrds, struggling fr smething t say that wuldn’t expse me as unfunny r bring. (在国内拥挤的食堂里，结识新朋友让我感到焦虑。我会保持安静，掂量着自己的用词，挣扎着想说点什么，这样才不会让人觉得我无趣或无聊)”可知，作者在国内的食堂里经常斟酌用词以避免说话的无趣。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Fr me, these gaps made all the difference. Withut shared scial measures, I wasted n time wndering hw I was measuring up. Only real things—kindness, helpfulness—mattered.(对我来说，这些差距让一切变得不同。没有共同的社交衡量标准，我没有浪费时间去想我是如何衡量的。只有真正的东西——善良，乐于助人——才是重要的)”可知，作者从她在蒙古的生活中感悟到善良是共同的社会准则，不分国度。故选D。
C
Imagine yu fund a wallet cntaining a stranger’s cntact details but n cash. Wuld yu return it t its wner? Nw imagine the same wallet cntained a few bankntes. Wuld that change yur respnse? Des it depend n the amunt f mney? And hw d yu think ther peple wuld react?
Hnesty makes the wrld g rund. Withut peple trusting in ne anther, sciety wuld fall apart. Hnesty is therefre studied academically. Mst wrk in the area, thugh, takes place under cntrlled cnditins in labs, ften featuring (以……为特点) well-ff and well-educated Westerners as its subjects. By cntrast, Alain Chn f the University f Michigan and his clleagues have taken such behaviral ecnmics arund the wrld, cvering 40 cuntries, 355 cities and mre than 17,000 peple.
As the team reprted this week in Science, Dr Chn’s research assistants entered public buildings. They handed in a wallet t the receptinist, saying they had fund it n the street utside. Each wallet cntained cntact details. Imprtantly, sme wallets als included $13.45, while thers nt. Then, the team simply waited t see wh wuld return the wallet.
In 38 f the 40 cuntries, the wallets with mney were returned mre ften than thse withut (51% vs 40%). In additin, wallets cntaining a larger sum f mney ($94.15) were even mre likely (by abut anther 10%) t be returned than thse with less.
With greater temptatin (诱惑), then, cmes greater hnesty —at least when it cmes t lst wallets. Interestingly, thugh, such hnesty is nt reflected in peple’s expectatins f thers. When surveyed, mst f 299 vlunteers predicted that the mre mney in a wallet, the less likely it wuld be returned.
A certain dubt abut the mtives f thers is prbably gd fr survival. But the warm inner thught f “ding the right thing” is als a pwerful mtivatin. Hw this altruism develped is much debated—particularly when it extends, as in Dr Chn’s experiments, t strangers whm the altruist has n expectatin f ever meeting. Be that as it may, as this study shws, such altruism is real and universal.
8. Hw is Alain Chn’s research different frm the previus?
A. It was carried ut in cntrlled situatins.
B. Mre scientists participated in the research.
C. It cvered varied subjects and backgrunds.
D. It tk n accunt f well-educated Westerners.
9. What can we learn frm the research?
A. Rate f hnesty varies amng cuntries.
B. Peple prefer returning wallets withut mney.
C. The less mney in a wallet, the higher rate f returning.
D. Wallets with mre mney are mre likely t be given back.
10. What can be inferred frm paragraph 5?
A. Peple are mre hnest than we expect.
B. Peple tend t expect hnesty frm thers.
C. Mre mney always means greater hnesty.
D. Mst peple lse hnesty facing great temptatin.
11. What des the underlined wrd “altruism” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Dubt f thers’ mtivatins.B. Understanding f peple’s dubt.
C. The mtivatin fr survival.D. Cncern fr thers’ needs.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Alain Chn博士进行了一项用金钱参与的研究，试图探测不同人的诚实度。研究表明，人们的诚实是真实而普遍的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Mst wrk in the area, thugh, takes place under cntrlled cnditins in labs, ften featuring (以……为特点) well-ff and well-educated Westerners as its subjects. By cntrast, Alain Chn f the University f Michigan and his clleagues have taken such behaviral ecnmics arund the wrld, cvering 40 cuntries, 355 cities and mre than 17,000 peple.(然而，该地区的大多数工作都是在受控条件下在实验室进行的，通常以富裕且受过良好教育的西方人为特点。相比之下，密歇根大学的Alain Chn和他的同事们将这种行为经济学带到了世界各地，覆盖了40个国家、355个城市和17000多人)”可知，Alain Chn的研究与以往不同，这表现在他的研究涵盖了不同的对象和背景。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In 38 f the 40 cuntries, the wallets with mney were returned mre ften than thse withut (51% vs 40%). In additin, wallets cntaining a larger sum f mney ($94.15) were even mre likely (by abut anther 10%) t be returned than thse with less.(在40个国家中的38个国家，有钱的钱包比没有钱的钱包更经常被退回（51%对40%）。此外，与金额较少的钱包相比，金额较大（94.15美元）的钱包更有可能被退回（差距约10%）)”可知，研究表明，钱包里的钱越多，就越有可能被归还。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“With greater temptatin (诱惑), then, cmes greater hnesty —at least when it cmes t lst wallets. Interestingly, thugh, such hnesty is nt reflected in peple’s expectatins f thers.(诱惑越大，诚实就越大——至少在钱包丢失的时候是这样。然而，有趣的是，这种诚实并没有反映在人们对他人的期望中)”可知，与对他人的期望相比，实际上，人们更诚实。故选A项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“A certain dubt abut the mtives f thers is prbably gd fr survival. But the warm inner thught f “ding the right thing” is als a pwerful mtivatin. Hw this altruism develped is much debated—particularly when it extends, as in Dr Chn’s experiments, t strangers whm the altruist has n expectatin f ever meeting. Be that as it may, as this study shws, such altruism is real and universal.(对他人动机的某种怀疑可能有利于生存。但“做正确的事”这种温暖的内心想法也是一种强大的动力。altruism是如何发展起来的，尤其是当它延伸到利他主义者不希望遇到的陌生人时，就像科恩博士的实验一样。尽管如此，正如这项研究所表明的那样，这种altruism是真实而普遍的)”可知，尽管对他人动机的某种怀疑可能有利于生存，但是altruism是真实而普遍的，推测altruism表示的是关心他人的需求的行为，即Cncern fr thers’ needs。故选D项。
D
The meaning f silence varies amng cultural grups.Silences may be thughtful, r they may be empty when a persn has nthing t say. A silence in a cnversatin may als shw stubbrnness, uneasiness, r wrry. Silence may be viewed by sme cultural grups as extremely uncmfrtable; therefre attempts may be made t fill every gap(间隙) with cnversatin. Persns in ther cultural grups value silence and view it as necessary fr understanding a persn's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part f cmmunicating amng peple, just as sme traditinal Chinese and Thai persns d. Therefre, when a persn frm ne f these cultures is speaking and suddenly stps, what may be implied(暗示) is that the persn wants the listener t cnsider what has been said befre cntinuing.In these cultures, silence is a call fr reflectin.
Other cultures may use silence in ther ways, particularly when dealing with cnflicts amng peple r in relatinships f peple with different amunts f pwer. Fr example, Russian, French, and Spanish persns may use silence t shw agreement between parties abut the tpic under discussin. Hwever, Mexicans may use silence when instructins are given by a persn in authrity rather than be rude t that persn by arguing with him r her. In still anther use, persns in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign f respect, particularly t an elder r a persn in authrity.
Nurses and ther care-givers need t be aware f the pssible meanings f silence when they cme acrss the persnal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses shuld recgnize their wn persnal and cultural cnstructin f silence s that a patient’s silence is nt interrupted t early r allwed t g n unnecessarily. A nurse wh understands the healing(治愈) value f silence can use this understanding t assist in the care f patients frm their wn and frm ther cultures.
12. What des the authr say abut silence in cnversatins?
A. It implies anger.
B. It prmtes friendship.
C. It is culture-specific.
D. It is cntent-based.
13. Which f the fllwing peple might regard silence as a call fr careful thught?
A. The Chinese.
B. The French.
C. The Mexicans.
D. The Russians.
14. What des the authr advise nurses t d abut silence?
A. Let it cntinue as the patient pleases.
B. Break it while treating patients.
C. Evaluate its harm t patients.
D. Make use f its healing effects.
15. What may be the best title fr the text?
A. Sund and Silence
B. What It Means t Be Silent
C. Silence t Native Americans
D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gld
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段The meaning f silence varies amng cultural grups. A silence in a cnversatin may als shw stubbrnness, uneasiness, r wrry. 可知，沉默的含义因文化群体而异，交谈中的沉默也可能表示固执、不安或担忧。所以作者认为谈话中的沉默是有文化特性的。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part f cmmunicating amng peple, just as sme traditinal Chinese and Thai persns d. Therefre, when a persn frm ne f these cultures is speaking and suddenly stps, what may be implied(暗示) is that the persn wants the listener t cnsider what has been said befre cntinuing可知，许多印第安人珍视沉默，认为这是人与人之间交流的基本组成部分，就像一些传统的中国人和泰国人一样。因此，当一个来自其中一种文化的人说话时突然停下来，暗示说话者想要倾听者在继续之前思考一下所说过的话。所以中国人认为谈话时人们沉默是为了让别人思考。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据末段末句A nurse wh understands the healing value f silence can use this understanding t assist in the care f patients 可知，了解沉默的治疗价值的护士可以利用这种了解来帮助护理病人。所以作者建议护士要用沉默来治疗病人。故选D 。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The meaning f silence varies amng cultural grups”可知， 沉默的含义因文化群体而异。以及先问介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默的不同含义。所以短文的最佳标题是“沉默意味着什么”。故选B 。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Flrence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Flrence, Italy. When she was almst a year ld, she returned with her family t England.
Flrence ften helped her mther deliver(运送) fd t the pr and sick.___16___ Her family was shcked because nursing was nt a respected prfessin.
But Flrence was determined. She studied bks n medicine. Later, she visited hspitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she culd.___17___
In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Flrence went t the British hspital in Scutari (nw Üsküdar in Istanbul) and she was shcked. The hspital left men lying n the flr, and rats were running everywhere.___18___ Many sldiers died befre receiving help.
The dctrs wuldn’t listen t Flrence because they didn’t like the idea f wmen in army hspitals—until ne day 500 unexpected casualties(伤亡者) arrived. ___19___ Flrence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared fr. Every night she wuld check the patients with her lamp.
When she returned hme after the war, a fund had been set up in her hnr. Many f the sldiers she had nursed had made cntributins(捐款).Nw she culd set up the Nightingale Training Schl in Lndn.
After years f hard wrk, Flrence Nightingale saw cleaner and mre cheerful hspitals. ___20___ All f this was because f the “lady with the lamp”.
A. Nursing became an hnred prfessin.
B. There was n running water and n heat.
C. She knew she had much t learn abut nursing.
D. Flrence saw the sldiers’ health had imprved.
E. As she grew lder, she decided t becme a nurse.
F. They sn realized that Flrence knew what she was ding.
G. Upn returning hme, she was an expert n hspital management.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇人物传记类阅读。文章介绍了Nightingale经过多年的努力，使得护理成为了一个令人尊敬的职业。
【16题详解】
下文Her family was shcked because nursing was nt a respected prfessin.说她的家人感到震惊，因为护理不是一个受人尊敬的职业。该空引出下文，E选项“随着Nightingale慢慢长大，她决定要当一名护士”切题，故选E。
【17题详解】
上文Later, she visited hspitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she culd.说后来，她去了法国、德国和爱尔兰的医院，尽她所能地学习。该空承接上文，G选项“回到英国后，Nightingale已经非常熟悉医院管理方面的知识”切题，故选G。
【18题详解】
B选项“没有自来水，也没有暖气。”与上一句The hspital left men lying n the flr, and rats were running everywhere.（医院的地上到处躺着人，到处都是老鼠）并列，描述医院的惨状，故选B。
【19题详解】
上文The dctrs wuldn’t listen t Flrence because they didn’t like the idea f wmen in army hspitals—until ne day 500 unexpected casualties(伤亡者) arrived.说医生们不愿听从Flrence的建议，因为他们不喜欢军队医院里有女性的存在——直到有一天，500名意外的伤员来到了医院。下文Flrence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared fr.说Flrence做了一些改变，确保这些人被清洗干净，他们的伤势得到了治疗。该空承上启下，F选项“他们很快意识到Flrence知道她在做什么”切题，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上一段末句中的she culd set up the Nightingale Training Schl in Lndn（现在她可以在伦敦建立Nightingale培训学校了。）以及该段中的After years f hard wrk, Flrence Nightingale saw cleaner and mre cheerful hspitals.（经过多年的努力，Flrence Nightingale看到了更干净、更令人愉快的医院。）可知，A选项“Nightingale经过多年的努力，使得护理成为了一个令人尊敬的职业”切题，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
I used t walk arund the stre with my parents, cnstantly begging fr smething. I still remember the ___21___ f all the bright bags f chips and candies that I asked my mm t buy fr me. At that time, I had n real ___22___ abut the value f mney.
When I was abut twelve years ld, my dad always ___23___ my begging and tld me with an angry face, “Yu can waste all the mney yu ___24___ when yu have a jb.” I listened t him, but I never really understd the message he was trying t ___25___ t me.
I ___26___ t find a part-time jb when I was 18. One day, a yung man handed me a flyer (传单), which said at the tp “Lking fr a summer jb? Be a ___27___!” I started t think abut the mney I culd make, s I ___28___. A few minutes after my applicatin was sent, I gt an email frm AMS Pls, infrming me t have a(n) ___29___ the next day.
After I ____30____ the training prcess, I finally started the jb. Every afternn, I wrked in the pl, keeping a clse watch n the swimming peple. I was prud I rescued several drwning children. And I culd earn my pcket mney with my skill. Hwever, the mre mney I made, the less I wanted t ____31____. Instead f wasting my mney n ____32____ things, I started saving up. As the pay ____33____, s did my understanding f mney. I came t ____34____ that mney meant s much mre t me because I was the ne wrking fr it. Because I value my mney, I limit myself t what I buy. I nw have 3,300 dllars in my bank ____35____.
21. A. phtB. sceneC. symblD. dream
22. A. knwledgeB. cmmandC. skillD. technlgy
23. A. fllwedB. appreciatedC. refusedD. accepted
24. A. earnB. sptC. lseD. discver
25. A. annunceB. expressC. intrduceD. admit
26. A. failedB. agreedC. pretendedD. decided
27. A. waiterB. secretaryC. nurseD. lifeguard
28. A. appliedB. quitC. stayedD. stpped
29. A. instructinB. interviewC. perfrmanceD. flight
30. A. came acrssB. tk verC. gave upD. went thrugh
31. A. eatB. saveC. spendD. d
32. A. meaningfulB. uselessC. imprtantD. necessary
33. A. increasedB. remainedC. drppedD. flated
34. A. cmplainB. cmmentC. regretD. realize
35. A. accuntB. passwrdC. bkD. lg (徽标)
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者小时候总是向父母要东西，但是后来爸爸总是拒绝作者的要求。作者长大后自己做兼职打工赚钱，终于意识到钱来之不易，知道了金钱的价值。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然记得我要妈妈给我买那些鲜艳的袋装的炸薯条和糖果的场景。A. pht照片；B. scene场景，情景；C. symbl象征；D. dream梦想。根据上文“I used t walk arund the stre with my parents, cnstantly begging fr smething.”可知，作者总是让父母给他买东西，此处指作者仍然记着缠着父母买东西的场景。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时候，还没有真正认识到金钱的价值。A. knwledge知识，了解；B. cmmand命令，控制；C. skill技能；D. technlgy技术。根据下文“When I was abut twelve years ld, my dad always ___3___ my begging and tld me with an angry face, ‘Yu can waste all the mney yu ___4___ when yu have a jb.’ I listened t him, but I never really understd the message he was trying t ___5___ t me.”以及下文“I came t ___14___ that mney meant s much mre t me because I was the ne wrking fr it. ”可知， 那时候作者并不真正了解金钱的价值。固定搭配have knwledge abut smething意为“了解……”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我大约十二岁时，我父亲总是拒绝我的乞求，并生气地对我说：“当你工作时，你可以浪费你挣来的所有钱。”A. fllwed跟随；B. appreciated欣赏；C. refused拒绝；D. accepted 接受。根据下文“tld me with an angry face”可知，父亲对我总是要钱买东西很生气，所以他应是拒绝作者买东西的请求。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我大约十二岁时，我父亲总是拒绝我的乞求，并生气地对我说：“当你工作时，你可以浪费你挣来的所有钱。”A. earn赚取；B. spt发现，注意到；C. lse丢失；D. discver发现。结合空前“Yu can waste all the mney”以及空后“when yu have a jb”可知，父亲说的是作者自己工作时赚的钱。earn mney意为“赚钱”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我听了他的话，但我从没有真正地理解他试图表达给我的信息。A. annunce宣布；B. express表达；C. intrduce介绍；D. admit承认。“he was trying t ___5___ t me”是省略了关系代词的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the message，在从句中作宾语。结合前文“I listened t him, but I never understd the message”可知，尽管听了父亲的话，但是并不能理解父亲所说的话要表达的信息。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：18岁时，我决定找一份兼职工作。A. failed失败；B. agreed同意；C. pretended假装；D. decided决定。根据下文“I started t think abut the mney I culd make, s I ___8___. A few minutes after my applicatin was sent, I gt an email frm AMS Pls, infrming me t have a(n) ___9___ the next day.”可知，作者决定做兼职赚钱，发了求职邮件。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，一个年轻人递给我一张传单，上面写着：“正在寻找暑期工作？成为一名救生员吧！”A. waiter服务员；B. secretary秘书；C. nurse护士；D. lifeguard救生员。根据下文“A few minutes after my applicatin was sent, I gt an email frm AMS Pls, infrming me t have a(n) ___9___ the next day.”以及“Every afternn, I wrked in the pl, keeping a clse watch n the swimming peple. I was prud I rescued several drwning children.”可知，作者找到的兼职是在游泳馆当救生员，由此可知，年轻人递给作者的传单是招救生员的。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始思考我可以挣点钱，因此我申请了这个工作。A. applied申请；B. quit离开，放弃；C. stayed停留；D. stpped停止。根据下句“A few minutes after my applicatin was sent, I gt an email frm AMS Pls”可知，作者申请了上文所提到的救生员的工作。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的申请提交过了几分钟后，我收到了AMS泳池的一封电子邮件，通知我第二天要面试。A. instructin说明；B. interview面试；C. perfrmance表演；D. flight飞行。根据句中“A few minutes after my applicatin was sent, I gt an email frm AMS Pls”以及常识可知，作者申请了这份工作，收到一封邮件，通知作者进行面试。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我经过了训练过程后，我终于开始工作了。A. came acrss偶然遇见；B. tk ver接管；C. gave up放弃；D. went thrugh经历，经过。根据句中“I finally started the jb”可知，作者经过培训后开始工作了。短语g thrugh sth意为“经过/经历某过程”符合语境。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我赚的越多，我想花费的反而越少。A. eat吃；B. save节约，储蓄；C. spend花费；D. d做。根据句首的“Hwever”以及下文“Instead f wasting my mney n ___12___ things, I started saving up.”可知，作者虽然挣了钱，反而花的越少，开始把钱攒了起来。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不是把钱浪费在无用的东西上，而是开始存钱。A. meaningful有意义的；B. useless无用的；C. imprtant重要的；D. necessary必要的，必须的。由空前的“wasting my mney n”可知作者不再把钱浪费在无用的东西上，把钱花费在没有用的东西上才是浪费，因此，useless符合语境。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着工资的增加，我对金钱的理解也随之增加。A. increased增加；B. remained仍然是；C. drpped降低，减少；D. flated漂浮。根据下文“I came t ___14___ that mney meant s much mre t me because I was the ne wrking fr it. Because I value my mney, I limit myself t what I buy.”可知，作者对于金钱的理解在增加，结合句中的“s did my understanding f mney(金钱的理解也是如此)”可知作者工资在增加，对钱的理解也随着增加。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到金钱对我来说意味着很多，因为我是为它而工作的人。A. cmplain抱怨；B. cmment评论；C. regret后悔；D. realize实现，意识到。根据上文“At that time, I had n real ___2___ abut the value f mney.”、“As the pay ___13___, s did my understanding f mney.”以及空后的“that mney meant s much mre t me.”可知，暑期做兼职赚钱让作者开始意识到了钱的价值。固定搭配cme t realize“开始意识到”符合句意。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我的银行账户有3300美元的存款了。A. accunt账户；B. passwrd密码；C. bk书；D. lg徽标。根据上文“Instead f wasting my mney n ___12___ things, I started saving up.”以及句中的“bank”可知，作者把钱存在银行里，现在银行账户里有3300美元的存款，bank accunt意为“银行账户”符合语境。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s space prgramme started later than ____36____ (that) f Russia and the US, but it has made great prgress in a shrt time. China became the third cuntry in the wrld t ____37____ (independent) send humans int space in 2003, ____38____ Yang Liwei successfully rbited Earth in the Shenzhu 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhu 6 and 7 cmpleted ____39____ secnd manned rbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, ____40____ (fllw) by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent t the mn t study its surface. On 23 July 2020, Tianwen I ____41____ (send) by China t explre the surface f Mars. It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back lts f ____42____ (value) infrmatin. And frm 2021 t 2022, China cmpleted a number f rcket missins t establish its wn space statin. In 2022, the launch f the Mengtian mdule signaled the basic ____43____ (cmplete) f the Tiangng Space Statin. This mdern space statin will allw astrnauts ____44____ (cnduct) many imprtant experiments, greatly ____45____ (further) ur understanding f the universe.
【答案】36. thse
37. independently
38 when 39. the
40. fllwed
41. was sent
42. valuable
43. cmpletin
44. t cnduct
45. furthering
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了中国航天发展取得的成就。
【36题详解】
考查代词。句意：中国的太空计划比俄罗斯和美国起步晚，但在短时间内取得了巨大进展。空处指代俄罗斯和美国的太空计划，即指代space prgrammes，为复数形式，为了避免重复，用thse代替前面提到的同类事物。故填thse。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号飞船成功环绕地球轨道飞行，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家，当时。此处independently修饰动词send，应用副词形式。故填independently。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2003，先行词表示时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随后，神舟六号和七号完成了第二次载人轨道飞行和中国首次太空行走，紧接着玉兔号探测车被送往月球研究其表面。此处secnd为序数词，修饰manned rbit，表示“第二次载人轨道飞行”，secnd前应加上定冠词the。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中已有谓语cmpleted，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意，fllw与逻辑主语Shenzhu 6 and 7之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语。故填fllwed。
【41题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：2020年7月23日，天问一号被中国发射，旨在探索火星表面。根据时间状语On 23 July 2020可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，故使用一般过去时，Tianwen I与send之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was sent。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它于2021年2月到达，然后发回了许多宝贵的信息。结合语意可知，此处表示宝贵的信息，空处value需用其形容词形式valuable，修饰infrmatin。故填valuable。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：2022年，梦天实验舱的发射标志着天宫空间站基本建成。此处cmplete需用其名词形式cmpletin，作signaled的宾语，不可数。故填cmpletin。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个现代化的空间站将允许宇航员进行许多重要的实验，极大地推进了我们对宇宙的理解。allw sb. t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”。故填t cnduct。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中已有谓语will allw，空处作非谓语动词，且结合语意，宇航员可以进行许多重要实验，自然而然的结果是推进我们对宇宙的理解，所以空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填furthering。
第四部分 课内知识（共两节，满分15分）
第一节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分）
根据语境，选择框中单词或短语替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。
46. He gave up the struggle hpelessly.
47. The bird spread pen its wings and flew away.
48. They lked fr smewhere t shelter, but failed.
49. At last the rganisatin started a campaign t prtect the river.
50. Thugh shrt f experience, Jack made up fr it in enthusiasm.
51. In the nursing prfessin, wmen are in the largest part f the grup.
52. I had t chse anther way back hme, because the rad t my huse was being built at the mment.
【答案】46. E 47. C
48. A 49. B
50. F 51. D
52. G
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意：他绝望地放弃了斗争。划线单词hpelessly的意思为“绝望地”，与E选项“in despair”意为“绝望地”的意义相近，在句中作状语。故选E项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：那只鸟展开翅膀飞走了。划线短语spread pen的意思为“展开”，与C选项“unflded”意为“展开”的意义相近，在句中作谓语。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们找地方避雨，但没有找到。划线单词lked与空后fr为固定短语，意为“寻找”，与A选项“sught”与介词fr构成的短语sught fr意为“寻找”的意义相近，在句中作谓语。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：最后，该组织发起了一场保护河流的运动。划线单词started的意思为“发动，发起”，与B选项“launched”意为“发起”的意义相近，在句中作谓语。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词短语。句意：杰克虽然缺乏经验，但热情弥补了这一点。划线短语shrt f的意思为“缺乏”，与F选项“lacking in”意为“缺乏”的意义相近。故选F项。
【51题详解】
考查名词短语。句意：在护理职业中，女性占最大比例。划线部分largest part f the grup的意思为“大部分”，与D选项“majrity”意为“大部分，大多数”的意义相近，在句中作宾语。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查现在分词短语。句意：我不得不选择另一条回家的路，因为当时通往我家的路正在修建中。划线部分being built的意思为“正在建设中”，与G选项“under cnstructin”意为“在建设中”的意义相近，在句中作表语。故选G项。
第二节（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分）
根据语境选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空，框中有两个为多余的单词或者短语。
53. ________ difficulty, just call n me.
54. He is always ________ mney befre payday.
55. Beynd ________, smking is harmful t health.
56. ________ her last letter, she is having a wnderful time.
57. Smene ________ him leaving the building sn afterwards.
58. In the lab dn’t tuch anything withut yur teacher’s ________.
59. He made a sincere ________ t me fr spilling cffee n my dress.
60. She gave me a ________ lk --- the kind that said she wuld nt change her mind.
【答案】53. In case f
54. running ut f
55. argument
56. Judging frm
57. sptted
58. permissin
59. aplgy
60. determined
【解析】
【分析】
【53题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：如果有困难，就打电话给我。此处表示“如果发生某种情况”，应用短语in case f，句首单词首字母大写，故填In case f。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：他总是在发薪日之前就用完了钱。此处表示“用完”，为短语run ut f，由is always可知，此处应用现在进行时，be always ding表示“总是做某事”，带有一种感情色彩，故填running ut f。
【55题详解】
考查名词。句意：无可争议的是，吸烟有害健康。beynd argument固定搭配，意为“毋庸置疑”，故填argument。
56题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：从她最近一封信来看，她过得很愉快。此处表示“从……来判断”为固定搭配judging frm，作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Judging frm。
【57题详解】
考查动词。句意：不久之后，有人发现他离开了大楼。此处表示“发现”为动词spt，作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填sptted。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：实验室里，未经老师允许，不得触碰任何东西。此处表示“允许”，为名词permissin作宾语，不可数，故填permissin。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：他因为把咖啡洒在了我的衣服上而向我真诚地道歉。此处表示“道歉”应用名词aplgy，由a可知，应用单数，故填aplgy。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她用坚定的目光看着我——仿佛在说她不会改变主意。此处表示“坚定的”为形容词determined作定语，修饰名词lk，故填determined。
第五部分 写作（满分25分）
61. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Jim在了解中国完成世界首次月球背面采样（sampling）的新闻后，发来邮件和你讨论探月话题。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.月亮在中国文化中的寓意；
2.你对人类探月活动的看法。
注意：
1.词数80左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
I’m glad t share with yu abut my strng interest in mn explratin. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I’m glad t share with yu abut my strng interest in mn explratin.
It started with what I had been tld abut the mn as a kid. In Chinese culture, the mn is a symbl f beauty and purity. Als, it reminds peple f their family and friends far away.
Humans have never stpped explring ur clsest neighbr, which I believe is f great significance. The develpment f relevant technlgy prmtes the prgress f science in general, which benefits ur everyday life. What’s mre, I think mn explratin shws an imprtant human trait — curisity abut the unknwn, which is the driving frce that has brught ur humans this far.
What d yu usually think abut when yu gaze at the mn?
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。美国笔友Jim在了解中国完成世界首次月球背面采样的新闻后，发来邮件和考生讨论探月话题，要求考生按照要求给他回复邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
象征：symbl→ emblem
停止：stp→ cease
探索：explre→ plumb
重要的：imprtant→ significant
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Humans have never stpped explring ur clsest neighbr, which I believe is f great significance.
拓展句：I believe it is f great significance that humans have never stpped explring ur clsest neighbr.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It started with what I had been tld abut the mn as a kid.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】The develpment f relevant technlgy prmtes the prgress f science in general, which benefits ur everyday life.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
A. sught B. launched C. unflded D. majrity
E. in despair F. lacking in G. under cnstructin
argue admit permit lack spt aplgise determine
in case（f） run ut（f） judge frm