湖南省长沙市一中双语实验学校2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份湖南省长沙市一中双语实验学校2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共14页。试卷主要包含了答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名，必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸，请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整，答题卡上不得使用涂改液等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语
注意事项：
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5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；
6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。
试卷分四个部分，61小题，时量100分钟，满分100分。
I．听力（共两节，满分20分）略
II．阅读（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
1. When d tree planters need t wrk?
A. In the spring and summer.B. In the summer and fall.C. In the spring and fall.
2. What d strytellers need t d?
①take phts ②write stries ③plant trees ④interview peple
A. ①②④B. ②③④C. ①②③
3. What is the writer’s main purpse f this article?
A. T thank Frest Lndn vlunteers.
B. T talk abut the imprtance f vlunteering.
C. T shw pen vlunteer psitins at Frest Lndn.
【答案】1. C2. A3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是志愿者职位的信息。
【1题】
细节理解题。根据“Vlunteer with Frest Lndn t plant trees in parks and natural areas in the spring and fall.”可知需要在春天和秋天工作，故选C。
【2题】
细节理解题。根据“Yu will attend ur events and take phts, interview ther vlunteers and write stries.”可知将参加我们的活动，拍照，采访其他志愿者，并撰写故事。故选A。
【3题】
主旨大意题。本文是志愿者职位的信息。故选C。
B
Are yu trubled by husewrk, such as cleaning tables r tidying yur rm? A new rbt is here t help! Nw, the rbt Mbile Alha made by scientists at Stanfrd University in the US becmes ppular nline.
In the vides, we can see the rbt preparing dishes by itself, frm cutting vegetables t cracking (打破) eggs. It’s als gd at watering plants, petting cats, cleaning the flr and washing clthes.
Sunds gd? Well, anther vide may let sme peple dwn—Mbile Alha isn’t gd at ding husewrk n its wn.
Instead, it learns frm human actins befre ding each kind f husewrk. When the situatin changes, it can’t wrk well withut a human “teaching” it. S it may break dishes, bump int (撞上) things and even burn a pt.
“The rbt can successfully mve chairs 80 percent f the time.” said the team after they did mre studies n it. “Fr cking dishes, it’s nly 40 percent. In shrt, it’s far frm perfect.”
In fact, AI rbts are gd at tasks such as math and playing chess, but they will be in truble when it cmes t simpler actins like cleaning. And it’s the same fr Mbile Alha. Fr example, if its bdy desn’t mve crrectly, even just with a small deviatin (偏差), its arm may mve t far t pick up a glass.
“Rbts are nt ready t take ver the wrld,” the team said.
4. Where was the rbt Mbile Alha made?
A. In China.B. In the UK.C. In the USA.
5. What d we knw abut the rbt Mbile Alha?
A. It is gd at ding hmewrk.
B. It can water the flwers.
C. It hardly learns frm human actins befre ding husewrk.
6. Which is TURE accrding t the passage?
A. The rbt can always successfully mve chairs.
B. Rbts are prepared t take ver the wrld.
C. AI rbts is better at playing chess than cleaning.
7. In which part f a newspaper can we read this passage?
A. Technlgy.B. Travel.C. Fd.
【答案】4. C5. B6. C7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人Mbile Alha可以做很多家务，但是它并不完美，有些事它不能很好地完成。
【4题】
细节理解题。根据“Nw, the rbt Mbile Alha made by scientists at Stanfrd University in the US becmes ppular nline.”可知，Mbile Alha这个机器人产于美国，故选C。
【5题】
细节理解题。根据“In the vides, we can see the rbt preparing dishes by itself, frm cutting vegetables t cracking (打破) eggs. It’s als gd at watering plants, petting cats, cleaning the flr and washing clthes.”可知，机器人可以浇植物，所以B选项“它可以浇花。”正确。故选B。
【6题】
细节理解题。根据“In fact, AI rbts are gd at tasks such as math and playing chess, but they will be in truble when it cmes t simpler actins like cleaning.”可知，与打扫相比，AI机器人更擅长下棋，故选C。
7题】
推理判断题。根据“A new rbt is here t help! Nw, the rbt Mbile Alha made by scientists at Stanfrd University in the US becmes ppular nline.”及全文可知，本文介绍了机器人，与技术有关，故选A。
C
China cvers large areas and has a big ppulatin. Different living habits have always been an interesting tpic in the cuntry. Recently anther difference between suthern Chinese and nrthern Chinese became a ht ne: the way peple shp at markets.
Peple frm suthern China say that they always buy what they need fr just ne r tw meals. It is nrmal fr them t buy half f a Chinese cabbage tw ptates and 0.25 kilgrams f beef at a time.
Hwever, __________. Instead, buying vegetables and meat enugh fr a week is usual. Als, yu can buy a small amunt (数量) f fruit, such as a single apple r pear, each time in the suth. Shp wners even help yu peel and cut them. But shp wners in the nrth hardly ffer such service. And many fruits are sld in baskets and bxes.
The difference culd be due t the different weather.
Fd can be kept fr a lng time in the nrth, as it is usually cld and dry there. Many nrthern Chinese have the habit f string fd, especially fr the lng winter. But the ht and wet weather in the suth makes suthern Chinese buy just enugh fd fr ne meal r ne day, r else the fd may g bad.
8. In suthern China, peple usually buy ________ at a time.
A. a small amunt f fd
B. enugh fd fr a week
C. a lt f meat and vegetables
9. Which f the fllwing can be put in ________?
A. nrthern Chinese buy large amunts f fd at a time
B. in nrthern China peple g shpping nce a week
C. ne may be laughed at if he des this in the nrth
10. Many nrthern Chinese have the habit f keeping fd because ________.
A. fd ges bad quickly
B. the weather is cld and dry
C. they live far away frm markets
11. The underlined phrase “due t” mean ________ in Chinese.
A. 由于B. 所以C. 然而
【答案】8. A9. C10. B11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讨论了中国南北方人在市场购物习惯上的差异。
【8题】
细节理解题。根据“Als, yu can buy a small amunt (数量) f fruit, such as a single apple r pear, each time in the suth.”可知，在中国南方，人们通常一次买少量的食物。故选A。
【9题】
推理判断题。根据“Hwever”以及“Instead, buying vegetables and meat enugh fr a week is usual.”可知，此处表示转折，描述的是北方人这样做是很让人吃惊的，因此空处应该是“如果一个人在北方这样做，他可能会被嘲笑”。故选C。
【10题】
细节理解题。根据“Fd can be kept fr a lng time in the nrth, as it is usually cld and dry there.”可知，许多中国北方人有保存食物的习惯，因为天气寒冷干燥。故选B。
【11题】
词义猜测题。根据“The difference culd be due t the different weather.”可知，这种差异可能是由于不同的天气。因此划线单词的意思是“由于”。故选A。
第二节（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分）
五选四根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有一个选项为多余选项。
When we get int middle schl, we find we can easily get angry with ur parents and that smetimes we even argue with them. Althugh we knw we lve ur parents, smetimes we still have different pinins. ___12___
If we have recently had a fight with ur parents, we shuld try t calm dwn (冷静)first. ___13___ We can g t ur wn rms. We can sit utside r g fr a walk. Take this time t think abut what happens and hw we feel abut it. This will give us time t deal with ( 处理) ur feelings.
___14___ Chse a time when we’re all calm (冷静). Then, sit dwn and talk abut hw we feel and what we need frm them. Smetimes we dn’t think ur parents can understand us at all. This may be true, s we need t tell them hw we feel and what’s ging n in ur life. Then, discuss what we expect (期待) them t d.
Of curse, the cmmunicatin is mutual (相互的). We can find ut why they have these different feelings. ___15___ We shuld als reply calmly when they say smething that makes us sad. It’s imprtant that we shuld keep urselves calm. They’re mre likely t listen t us if we dn’t shut at them.
A. Then we can talk with ur parents again.
B. We shuld listen t what ur parents say.
C. My parents give me a lt f pressure abut schl.
D. We can spend sme time alne making urselves feel better.
E. Then hw can we slve this prblem?
【答案】12. E13. D14. A15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要对亲子关系提出了一些建议和方法。
【12题】
根据上文“Althugh we knw we lve ur parents, smetimes we still have different pinins.”可知和父母有分歧，需要解决。选项E“然后我们如何解决这个问题呢? ”与之相符。故选E。
【13题】
根据“If we have recently had a fight with ur parents, we shuld try t calm dwn first”以及“We can g t ur wn rms. We can sit utside r g fr a walk...”可知，此处指冷静下来的办法，选项D“我们可以花点时间独处，让自己感觉更好。”与之相符。故选D。
【14题】
根据“Chse a time when we’re all calm. Then, sit dwn and talk abut hw we feel and what we need frm them.”可知，此段主要讲述冷静之后，再与父母沟通，选项A“然后我们可以再次和父母交谈。”与之相符。故选A。
【15题】
根据“Of curse, the cmmunicatin is mutual.”以及“We shuld als reply calmly when they say smething that makes us sad.”可知，此段应该是讲我们要去倾听父母，要去明白父母为什么有这样的感受，选项B“我们应该听父母所说的话。”与之相符。故选B。
III．语言运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I still remembered the first day I met Jane. When she walked int the ____16____, all the students were very ____17____ because there was a big red birthmark(胎记) n her face. Jane didn’t knw at all even thugh sme bys played jkes n her and laughed at her. Instead, she was ____18____ smiling.
I wndered ____19____ Jane culd always be s happy. S ne day, I went t her and ____20____ if she knew there was a red birthmark n her face. She replied that f curse she knew. Whenever she lked in the mirrr, she culd see it.
“Then hw can yu live happily all the time? Dn’t yu think the mark makes yu ____21____? Dn’t yu get hurt by the by’s wrds?” I asked.
“N, actually, the mark makes me special. I always tell myself that I have n way t decide what I lk like, but I can decide what I want t be. I’m much ____22____ than thse wh can’t walk r run since I was brn. At least I’m a healthy persn. And I think it’s this red mark that makes me mre ptimistic(乐观).” Jane answered ____23____ a smile.
Jane’s wrds pened a new wrld fr me. At that mment, I ____24____ the wrld better than befre. She taught me that if the wrld treated yu frm a bright way, sme bad things will be ____25____. Always give the smile t life, and life will treat yu better.
16. A. schlB. classrmC. ffice
17. A. happyB. sadC. surprised
18. A. alwaysB. seldmC. smetimes
19. A. whatB. whyC. where
20. A. answeredB. guessedC. asked
21. A. beautifulB. strangeC. lvely
22. A. warmerB. kinderC. luckier
23. A. withB. frC. beside
24. A. understdB. missedC. thught
25. A. marksB. rulesC. gifts
【答案】16. B17. C18. A19. B20. C21. B22. C23. A24. A25. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个脸上有胎记的女孩，并没有因此上伤感，反而觉得与众不同。文章告诉我们：以明亮的方式看待世界，一些不好的事情也可以是馈赠。
【16题】
句意：当她走进教室时，所有的学生都很惊讶，因为她脸上有一个大大的红色的胎记。
schl学校；classrm教室；ffice办公室。根据“all the students were very”可知，此处指走进教室，故选B。
【17题】
句意：当她走进教室时，所有的学生都很惊讶，因为她脸上有一个大大的红色的胎记。
happy开心的；sad难过的；surprised惊讶的。根据“because there was a big red birthmark(胎记) n her face”可知，看到她脸上的胎记感到惊讶，故选C。
【18题】
句意：相反，她总是微笑着。
always总是；seldm很少；smetimes有时。根据“Jane culd always be s happy”可知，反而脸上还总是带着微笑，故选A。
【19题】
句意：我不明白为什么简总是那么快乐。
what什么；why为什么；where哪里。根据“I wndered … Jane culd always be s happy”可知，不明白她为什么那么快乐，故选B。
【20题】
句意：所以有一天，我去问她是否知道她脸上有一块红色的胎记。
answered回答；guessed猜测；asked询问。根据“if she knew there was a red birthmark n her face”可知，询问是否知道自己脸上有胎记，故选C。
【21题】
句意：你不觉得这个标记让你很奇怪吗？
beautiful美丽的；strange奇怪的；lvely可爱的。根据“Dn’t yu think the mark makes yu”可知，脸上的胎记让她看起来很奇怪，故选B。
【22题】
句意：我比那些生下来就不会走不会跑的人幸运多了。
warmer更暖和的；kinder更善良的；luckier更幸运的。根据“than thse wh can’t walk r run”可知，比不会走或不会跑的人更幸运，故选C。
【23题】
句意：简带着微笑回答。
with带有；fr为了；beside除了。根据“Jane answered…a smile”可知，此处指面带微笑，故选A。
【24题】
句意：那一刻，我比以前更了解这个世界。
understd理解；missed错过；thught认为。根据“the wrld better than befre”可知，比之前更了解这个世界了，故选A。
【25题】
句意：她教会我，如果这个世界对你很好，有些不好的东西也会变成礼物。
marks标志；rules规则；gifts礼物。根据“She taught me that if the wrld treated yu frm a bright way, sme bad things will be”可知，不好的事情会变成礼物，故选C。
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu heard f Oliver Twist r Peter Pan? These are just sme f the characters that have been created by British writers.
Prbably ____26____ mst famus British writer was William Shakespeare. ____27____ the late 1500s and early 1600s, Shakespeare wrte plays that became famus all ver the wrld. They are still very ppular tday. Sme f ____28____ (he) plays were cmedies, such as Twelfth Night, thers were tragedies (悲剧), such as King Lear.
British peple lve reading stries. Early stries were ften printed a chapter (章节) at a time in a newspaper. Peple wuld have t get the ____29____ (week) newspaper. They can’t wait t buy the newspaper every week ____30____ (read) the whle stry. One f the mst famus stries Oliver Twist, was written by Charles Dickens at that time.
There are many children’s ____31____ (classic) by British writers. Maybe yu ____32____ (hear) f sme f them since yu were a child. Rbert Luis Stevensn wrte the adventure nvel Treasure Island. J.M. Barrie wrte Peter Pan and Lewis Carrll wrte Alice’s Adventures in Wnderland. D yu knw a teddy bear called Winnie the Ph? It was created by A. A. Milne ____33____it is still ne f children’s favrite characters.
There are s many famus and ____34____ (amaze) characters in British plays, nvels and petry (诗歌) and reading can ____35____ (real) help kids start their jurney and learn t enjy the wnderful wrld in different bks. Why nt chse sme t read in the cming vacatin?
【答案】26. the
27. In28. his
29. weekly30. t read
31. classics
32. have heard
33. and34. amazing
35. really
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了英国的戏剧、小说和诗歌以及其中的著名人物。
【26题】
句意：最著名的英国作家可能是威廉·莎士比亚。最高级“mst famus”前加冠词the，故填the。
【27题】
句意：在16世纪末和17世纪初，莎士比亚写的剧本在世界各地都很有名。根据“the late 1500s and early 1600s,”可知，在某个世纪介词用in，故填In。
【28题】
句意：他的一些戏剧是喜剧。此空修饰名词plays，应填形容词性物主代词，故填his。
【29题】
句意：人们必须买周报此空修饰名词newspaper，应填形容词weekly作定语，故填weekly。
30题】
句意：他们迫不及待地想每周买一份报纸，看看整个故事。根据“can’t wait t buy the newspaper every week … the whle stry.”可知，迫不及待买报纸是为了要看看整个故事，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填t read。
【31题】
句意：英国作家有许多儿童名著。此空在句中作主语，根据are可知，此空应填复数名词，故填classics。
【32题】
句意：也许你从小就听说过其中的一些。since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时have/has dne的结构，根据yu可知，助动词用have，故填have heard。
【33题】
句意：它是由A. A. Milne创作的，它仍然是孩子们最喜欢的角色之一。空格前后是并列关系，用and连接，故填and。
【34题】
句意：英国戏剧、小说和诗歌中有很多著名的、令人惊叹的人物，阅读真的可以帮助孩子们开始他们的旅程，学会在不同的书中享受美好的世界。此空与famus是并列关系，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰物用以ing为结尾的形容词，故填amazing。
【35题】
句意：英国戏剧、小说和诗歌中有很多著名的、令人惊叹的人物，阅读真的可以帮助孩子们开始他们的旅程，学会在不同的书中享受美好的世界。此空修饰动词help，应填副词really，故填really。
IV．读写综合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
A ppular cultural prgram Natinal Treasure(国家宝藏) was shwn n CCTV-3 n Sunday night.
In the first shw, the palace Museum in Beijing shwed three treasure: a tne drum, a painting and a large vase(花瓶). Three famus actrs Wang Kai, Li Chen and Tny Leung played rles f natinal treasure keepers with ther actrs, sharing their stries with these treasures. Li Chen, wh acted as Emperr Huizng f the Sng Dynasty(960-1279), tld the histry abut Wang Ximeng’s great painting.
During the TV shw, the nine main museums in China – the Palace Museum, Shanghai Museum, Nanjing Museum, Hunan Prvincial Museum, Henan Museum, Shanxi Histry Museum, Hubei Prvincial Museum, Zhejiang Prvincial Museum and Lianing Prvincial Museum – will each shw three natinal treasures.
As a cultural shw, the Natinal Treasures tells the stries f natinal treasures. The prgram includes different kinds f art frms, like dcumentary(纪录片) and drama(戏剧). In the shw, natinal treasure keepers will intrduce each treasure and tell us the stries with the treasures and their histrical mystery(奥秘).
36. Is Natinal Treasure a cultural prgram?
_________________________________________________________
37. When was Natinal Treasure shwn n CCTV-3?
__________________________________________________________
38. What did the Palace Museum shw in the first shw?
__________________________________________________________
39. Hw many museums will shw natinal treasures?
__________________________________________________________
40. Wh will intrduce each treasure in the shw?
__________________________________________________________
【答案】36. Yes, it is.
37. It was shwn n Sunday night.
38. It shwed three treasures, a tne drum, a painting and a large vase.
39. Nine museums.
40The natinal treasure keepers.
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了在CCTV-3热映的综艺节目《国家宝藏》，节目中将会有9个中国主要博物馆展出文物，国宝守护人将向观众讲解宝物背后的故事与历史。
【36题】
句意：《国家宝藏》是一个文化类节目吗？根据A ppular cultural prgram Natinal Treasure(国家宝藏) was shwn n CCTV-3 n Sunday night. 可知它是文化类节目，故答案应为Yes, it is.
【37题】
句意：《国家宝藏》节目什么时候再CCTV-3播出？根据A ppular cultural prgram Natinal Treasure(国家宝藏) was shwn n CCTV-3 n Sunday night. 可知它在周日晚上播出，故答案应为It was shwn n Sunday night.
【38题】
句意：在第一场节目中故宫展出了什么？根据In the first shw, the palace Museum in Beijing shwed three treasures: a tne drum, a painting and a large vase(花瓶). 可知答案应为It shwed three treasures, a tne drum, a painting and a large vase.
【39题】
句意：有多少个博物馆将要展出国家宝藏？根据第三段的内容可知During the TV shw, the nine main museums in China – the Palace Museum, Shanghai Museum…可知共有9个主要博物馆将会展出宝物，故答案为Nine museums。
【40题】
句意：谁会在节目中介绍每一个宝物？根据In the shw, natinal treasure keepers will intrduce each treasure and tell us the stries with the treasures and their histrical mystery(奥秘). 可知国宝守护人会介绍宝藏并讲述其中的历史，故答案应为The natinal treasure keepers.
第二节书面表达（满分15分）
41. 暑假即将来临，你的学校将举行以“阅见—最美假期”为主题的英语征文活动，请结合下图内容及提示，以“Reading makes me ”为题，根据写作要求，写一篇不少于80词的短文。
写作要求：
1. 结合实际，用适当的形容词或动词短语补全标题；
2. 短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展；
3. 文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。
Reading plays an imprtant rle in grwth and develpment f a persn. As fr me, reading makes me
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Reading makes me happy
Reading plays an imprtant rle in grwth and develpment f a persn. As fr me, reading makes me happy.
Reading bks has many benefits. First f all, we can get a lt f knwledge frm it. Secndly, reading enables us t develp ur skills and understand the wrld better. Finally, reading is f great help t ur future develpment.
Therefre, I have sme plans abut reading. First, I will find sme gd bks. Secndly, I will write dwn my ideas abut reading. Finally, I will share my reading experience with my friends.
The mre yu read, the mre yu’ll knw and get.
【解析】
[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”；
③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误，可适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步，用适当的形容词或动词短语补全标题；
第二步，介绍读书的益处以及你的计划。
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①first f all首先
②be f great help对……有很大帮助
③和……分享……
[高分句型]
The mre yu read the mre yu’ll knw and get.（比较级用法）~VOLUNTEER ROLES~
★Tree planters
Vlunteer with Frest Lndn t plant trees in parks and natural areas in the spring and fall.
Time: Usually 3 t 4 hurs n the weekends.
Training: N training is required. We’ll teach yu hw t plant a tree at the start f each planting event, s please arrive n time.
★Strytellers
If yu are a gd writer and like t take phts, we have a jb fr yu. Yu can be ur stryteller! Yu will attend ur events and take phts, interview ther vlunteers and write stries. We will put yur wrk n ur website.
Time: Usually 2 hurs at events t cllect infrmatin and pictures, plus additinal time t write stries and uplad pictures. Yu need t write at least tw stries per year.
Training: One hur f basic training.