浙江省衢州市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

这是一份浙江省衢州市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题，文件包含浙江省衢州市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题原卷版docx、浙江省衢州市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共45页， 欢迎下载使用。
考生须知：
1.全卷分试卷和答题卷。考试结束后，将答题卷上交。
2.试卷共10页，分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分，考试时间120 分钟。
3.请将答案做在答题卷的相应位置上，写在试卷上无效。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共5 小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。
1. What will the wman d next?
A. Make a phne call. B. G t see a mvie. C. Meet a friend.
2. Hw did the wman cmmunicate with her friend?
A. She emailed them. B. She wrte t them. C. She messaged them.
3. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At a hairdresser’s. B. At a library. C. At a tailr’s.
4. Why did the wman clean the flr last night?
A. There was cffee n it.
B. Wrkers left paint n it.
C. Smene spilled sup n it.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Decrating an apartment.
B. Finding a new apartment.
C. Living with ther peple.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which picture has already been chsen by the wman?
A. A picture f her cusin.
B. A picture f her mther.
C. A picture f an ld man.
7. Where was the picture f the wman’s mther taken?
A. In a fashin shw. B. In the park. C. In her garden.
听第 7段材料，回答第8至 10题。
8. What inspires the wman t think abut living n the Mn?
A. News. B. Scientific studies. C. Mvies.
9. What des the man think will be supplied t the Mn cntinually?
A. Oxygen. B. Water. C. Fd.
10. What is the wman’s final idea abut living in uter space?
A. She is excited abut the pssibility.
B. She needs time t think abut it.
C. She prefers t stay n Earth.
听第 8段材料, 回答第11至 13题。
11. What jb did Michael prbably d in the past?
A. Teaching. B. Writing. C. Advertising.
12. Why des Michael enjy his life nw?
A. He lives clser t wrkplace.
B. He has mre chices.
C. He gets paid mre.
13. What des Michael believe is the right thing t d?
A. Wrking in a cmpany t d the same things.
B Staying at hme all day withut ding anything.
C. Cntributing t the cmmunity thrugh his wrk.
听第 9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What happened t Mr. Brwn’s cell phne?
A. He turned it ff.
B. It ran ut f pwer.
C. He changed his number.
15. Why des Mr. Brwn need t get n the flight t Trnt tday?
A. He has a jb interview.
B. He has a business meeting.
C. He is ging back t his cmpany.
16. Why has the wman been calling Mr. Brwn?
A. T change his ticket t the first class.
B. T infrm him abut a change in flight time.
C. T tell him his cmpany did nt pay fr his flight.
17. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Airprt crew and passenger.
B. Interviewer and interviewee.
C. Bss and emplyee.
听第10段独白, 回答第18至20 题。
18. What was the man’s life like befre the age f 40?
A. He ften went t the gym.
B. He ate whatever he wanted.
C. He tk gd care f himself..
19. What caused the man’s headache accrding t the dctr?
A. High bld pressure. B. Lack f exercise. C. Eating t much.
20. What change did the man make after he turned 40?
A. Giving up chclate. B. Exercising regularly. C. Starting t take pills.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
We’ve gathered up sme fun things t d in DC this hliday weekend.
DC Histry Cnference
Learn abut the histry f the natin’s capital fr free by attending this cmmunity cnference that cnsiders the city’s past, present and future. The event celebrates its 50th anniversary this year and prvides a stimulating frum fr riginal research n DC.
Saturday| Free Admissin
Martin Luther King, Jr. Memrial Library,901 G Street NW, Washingtn, DC 20001
Little Shp f Hrrrs
Originally a sci-fi/hrrr cmedy film released in 1960, Little Shp f Hrrrs then became an ff-Bradway musical in the early 1980s. Yet anther film adaptatin fllwed a few years later, shwing hw this timeless stry f a flral shp assistant and his singing, deadly plant will always amaze audiences. The histric Frd’s Theatre revives the dynamic prductin during its upcming spring seasn. Make sure t use cde DDCSHOP20 fr.20% ff yur tickets t the shw(valid fr March 16-April 6 & May 1-18; limit tw tickets per purchase)!
DC Defenders vs. Hustn Rughnecks
The United Ftball League——a new league funded thrugh a cmbinatin f the XFL and the USFL—kicks ff in DC. The Defenders play hme games at Audi Field and feature quite pssibly the best team the new ftball league has t ffer. Prepare fr hard-hitting, fast-paced actin n the field as the Hustn Rughnecks cme t twn.
4p. m. Sunday| Tickets $27-$182
Audi Field, 100 Ptmac Avenue SW, Washingtn, DC 20024
1. Where culd a histry fan g this weekend?
A. Martin Luther King, Jr. Memrial Library.B. Frd’s Theatre.
C. Bradway Theatre.D. Audi Field.
2. What makes Little Shp f Hrrrs special?
A. It was riginally a sci-fi/hrrr tragedy film in 1960.
B. It was adapted frm a Bradway musical in the 1980s.
C. It has attracted many generatins fr mre than 60 years.
D. It features the stry f a flral shp wner and his assistants.
3. What is the UFL accrding t the text?
A. A stadium hsting ftball games.B. A newly funded ftball league.
C. The name f a ftball team in DC.D. The name f a ticket selling cmpany.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章备注要介绍本周周末的一些活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由DC Histry Cnference中“Learn abut the histry f the natin’s capital fr free by attending this cmmunity cnference that cnsiders the city’s past, present and future. The event celebrates its 50th anniversary this year and prvides a stimulating frum fr riginal research n DC.(参加这个考虑城市过去、现在和未来的社区会议，免费了解国家首都的历史。该活动今年庆祝成立50周年，为DC的原创研究提供了一个激动人心的论坛。)”可知，在Martin Luther King, Jr. Memrial Library参加DC Histry Cnference可以了解这地方的历史，适合历史迷参加。故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。由Little Shp f Hrrrs中“Originally a sci-fi/hrrr cmedy film released in 1960, Little Shp f Hrrrs then became an ff-Bradway musical in the early 1980s. Yet anther film adaptatin fllwed a few years later, shwing hw this timeless stry f a flral shp assistant and his singing, deadly plant will always amaze audiences. (《Little Shp f Hrrrs》最初是一部1960年上映的科幻/恐怖喜剧电影，后来在20世纪80年代初成为非百老汇音乐剧。几年后，又有一部改编电影上映，展示了一位花店店员和他那致命的植物的永恒故事如何总是让观众感到惊讶。)”可知，Little Shp f Hrrrs从1960年兴盛到现在，所以60多年来，它吸引了许多代人。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由DC Defenders vs. Hustn Rughnecks中“The United Ftball League——a new league funded thrugh a cmbinatin f the XFL and the USFL—kicks ff in DC. (联合足球联赛——一个由XFL和USFL合并而成的新联赛——在华盛顿拉开帷幕。)”可知，UFL是一个新成立的足球联赛。故选B项。
B
As my wife puts it, “Animals have vertaken ur lives.”
I was n the air last week when Daisy, ur dg, ate a bittersweet chclate bar heartily. We hide chclate frm her; it can be dangerus fr dgs. But Daisy is the Hercule Pirt f hidden sweets. An empty wrapper in her muth tld the tale.
Our family rushed Daisy t a vet clinic, where——well, I’ll spare yu the details. Daisy is fine nw, but ur hearts are just restarting.
We are als caring fr a huge, white cat we’ve named Gat Blanc. He claws furniture n his hind(后部) legs, like Catzilla tearing dwn a Tky bridge. Every chair in ur apartment is nw cvered with sheets, twels, r plastic wrap. We keep a windw pen, n matter the weather, because ne f ur daughters is allergic t cats. But she wants t keep Gat clse, even as he kncks phts, flwers, pens and my micrphne ff tables, with a smart frehand.
Our feline ldger(猫科房客) als climbed nt a planter utside ur apartment and strlled ver t the ther side f the building, seven flrs up. Is that Spider-Man? N-it’s Gat!
Daisy the dg sits beneath ur dinner table, quivering and blinking her large, dew y eyes. Sme f us may let a few pieces f fd fall her way frm time t time. We can’t let her get t excited, thugh, because she has a tendency t... well, mre details t spare. We keep twels handy fr such episdes f excitement.
Gat Blanc, meanwhile, leaps nt ur table. But nt t eat, just t hang with the cl kids, ur daughters. “Hey, hw was yur day,” I imagine him saying. “We gnna watch smething after dinner?”
Our family may cmplain as we sneeze, mp, and search the flr fr ur missing pens. But we als hld ur animals clse as they help us laugh, marvel, and care fr them, and fr each ther. Our lives have been vertaken by ur animals. And we’re having a trublesme and wnderful time.
4. What d we knw abut Daisy?
A. She is allergic t cats.B. She has a heart prblem.
C. She desn’t get excited easily.D. She is gd at finding sweets.
5. What can Gat d?
A. Fly like Spider-Man.B. Make a mess f the rm.
C. Talk like a real human.D. Tear dwn a Tky bridge.
6. Which f the wrds can best describe the writer’s feeling twards their animals?
A. Bittersweet.B. Cncerned.C. Cntent.D. Depressed.
7. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T warn readers against keeping pets at hme.
B T give advice n what species f animals t buy.
C. T share their stries and feelings abut keeping pets.
D. T entertain readers with dark humur jkes abut pets.
【答案】4 D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者家中的两只宠物——狗Daisy和猫Gat Blanc的趣事，以及他们给家庭生活带来的麻烦和乐趣。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But Daisy is the Hercule Pirt f hidden sweets. An empty wrapper in her muth tld the tale.”（但是Daisy在找隐藏的糖果方面就像赫尔克勒·波洛。她嘴里的空包装纸说明了一切。）可知，Daisy擅长找糖果。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But she wants t keep Gat clse, even as he kncks phts, flwers, pens and my micrphne ff tables, with a smart frehand.”（即使Gat Blanc用聪明的前脚把照片、花、笔和我的麦克风从桌子上打落，她还是想让Gat Blanc靠近。）可知，Gat Blanc会把房间弄得一团糟。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Our family may cmplain as we sneeze, mp, and search the flr fr ur missing pens. But we als hld ur animals clse as they help us laugh, marvel, and care fr them, and fr each ther. Our lives have been vertaken by ur animals. And we’re having a trublesme and wnderful time.”（我们家人可能会在打喷嚏、拖地和寻找丢失的笔时抱怨。但我们也会把我们的动物抱得紧紧的，因为他们帮助我们笑，让我们惊叹，照顾他们，互相照顾。我们的生活已经被我们的动物占据了。我们过得既麻烦又美好。）可知，作者对他们的动物有着苦乐参半的感情。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As my wife puts it, “Animals have vertaken ur lives.””（正如我妻子所说，“动物已经主宰了我们的生活。”）以及文章最后一段“Our family may cmplain as we sneeze, mp, and search the flr fr ur missing pens. But we als hld ur animals clse as they help us laugh, marvel, and care fr them, and fr each ther. Our lives have been vertaken by ur animals. And we’re having a trublesme and wnderful time.”（我们家人可能会在打喷嚏、拖地和寻找丢失的笔时抱怨。但我们也会把我们的动物抱得紧紧的，因为他们帮助我们笑，让我们惊叹，照顾他们，互相照顾。我们的生活已经被我们的动物占据了。我们过得既麻烦又美好。）可知，短文的主要目的是分享他们养宠物的故事和感受。故选C。
C
Students have submitted mre than 22 millin papers that may have used generative AI in the past year, new data prvided by plagiarism (剽窃) detectin cmpany Turnitin shws.
A year ag, Turnitin intrduced an AI writing detectin tl that was trained n its database f papers written by students as well as ther Al-generated texts. Turnitin fund that 11 percent f the submissins may cntain AI-written language in 20 percent f its cntent, with 3 percent f the ttal papers reviewed having 80 percent r mre AI writing.
ChatGPT’s launch was met with fears that the English class essay wuld die. The chatbt can prcess infrmatin near-instantly——but that desn’t mean it always gets it right. Generative AI has been knwn t create its wn facts and cite academic references that dn’t actually exist.Generative AI chatbts have als been caught prducing discriminatry (歧视性的) text n gender and race. Despite thse disadvantages, students have used chatbts fr research, and rganizing ideas. Traces f chatbts have even been fund in published academic writing.
Detecting the use f generative AI is tricky. It’s nt as easy as marking plagiarism, because generated text is still riginal text. Plus, there’s a slight difference t hw students use generative AI; sme may ask chatbts t write their papers fr them in large parts r in full, while thers may use the tls as an aid r a brainstrm partner.
Detectin tls themselves have a risk f discriminatin. English language learners may be mre likely t set them ff; a 2023 study fund a 61.3 percent false psitive rate when evaluating Test f English as a Freign Language (TOEFL) exams with seven different AI detectrs.
“This is hard. I understand why peple want a tl,” says Emily Isaacs, executive directr f the Office f Faculty Excellence at Mntclair State. But Isaacs says the university is cncerned abut ptentially discriminatry results frm AI detectrs, as well as the fact that the tls can’t prvide cnfirmatin the way they can with plagiarism.
8. What did Turnitin find?
A. All submitted papers were written by generative AI.
B. AI wrte 80% f the cntent f the papers they had cllected.
C. AI culd nly be used t imprve language instead f cntent f papers.
D. AI may have created ne fifth f the cntent amng 11% f the submitted papers.
9. What can we learn abut generative AI?
A. It smetimes prduces discriminatry cntent.
B. It will surely lead t the death f English class essays.
C. It’s getting ppular fr its accuracy and quick respnse.
D. It has been fficially accepted in published academic writing.
10. What d Paragraphs 4-5 mainly fcus n?
A. The ways t detect plagiarism in paper writing.
B. The challenges f using plagiarism detectin tls.
C. The differences between plagiarism and riginal writing.
D. The advantages f applying AI detectrs t fighting plagiarism.
11. Hw des Emily Isaacs respnd t the use f detectin tls?
A. She supprts it.B. She’s against it.
C. She desn’t care.D. She’s cautius.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在过去一年里，学生们提交了超过2200万篇可能使用了生成人工智能的论文。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“Turnitin fund that 11 percent f the submissins may cntain AI-written language in 20 percent f its cntent, with 3 percent f the ttal papers reviewed having 80 percent r mre AI writing. (Turnitin发现，11%的投稿可能在20%的内容中包含人工智能书面语言，在审查的论文总数中，3%的论文包含80%或更多的人工智能文字。)”可知，人工智能可能在提交的11%的论文中创造了五分之一的内容。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Generative AI chatbts have als been caught prducing discriminatry (歧视性的) text n gender and race. (一代又一代的人工智能聊天机器人也被发现在性别和种族方面制作歧视性文本。)”可知，生成人工智能有时会产生歧视性内容。故选A项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Detecting the use f generative AI is tricky. It’s nt as easy as marking plagiarism, because generated text is still riginal text. Plus, there’s a slight difference t hw students use generative AI; sme may ask chatbts t write their papers fr them in large parts r in full, while thers may use the tls as an aid r a brainstrm partner. (检测生成人工智能的使用是很棘手的。这并不像标记抄袭那么容易，因为生成的文本仍然是原始文本。此外，学生使用生成人工智能的方式略有不同；有些人可能会要求聊天机器人为他们撰写论文的大部分或全部，而另一些人可能会将这些工具用作帮助或集思广益的伙伴。)”以及第五段“Detectin tls themselves have a risk f discriminatin. English language learners may be mre likely t set them ff; a 2023 study fund a 61.3 percent false psitive rate when evaluating Test f English as a Freign Language (TOEFL) exams with seven different AI detectrs. (检测工具本身就有被歧视的风险。英语学习者可能更容易引起他们的兴趣；2023年的一项研究发现，在使用七种不同的人工智能检测器评估托福考试时，假阳性率为61.3%。)”可知，这两段主要讲使用剽窃检测工具的挑战。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“‘This is hard. I understand why peple want a tl,’ says Emily Isaacs, executive directr f the Office f Faculty Excellence at Mntclair State. But Isaacs says the university is cncerned abut ptentially discriminatry results frm AI detectrs, as well as the fact that the tls can’t prvide cnfirmatin the way they can with plagiarism. (蒙特克莱尔州立大学学院卓越办公室执行主任Emily Isaacs说，‘这很难，我理解人们为什么想要一个工具。’ 但 Isaacs表示，该大学担心人工智能检测器可能产生的歧视性结果，以及这些工具无法像对待抄袭那样提供确认的事实。)”可知， Isaacs对检测工具的使用持谨慎态度。故选D项。
D
A recent study by UCLA Health discvered that wmen wh feel lnely shw brain activity in areas linked t cravings and the drive t eat, particularly when viewing images f high-calrie fds like sugary treats. These wmen als displayed unhealthy eating habits and suffered frm pr mental health.
Arpana Gupta, Ph. D., a researcher and c-directr f the UCLA Gdman-LuskinMicrbime Center, wanted t research the negative impacts f lneliness, especially as peple cntinue t be wrking remtely after the COVID-19 pandemic, and hw the brain interacts with scial islatin, eating habits, and mental health. While it is established that besity is linked t depressin and anxiety and that vereating is understd t be a cping mechanism (机制) against lneliness, Gupta wanted t bserve the brain pathways assciated with these feelings and behavirs.
The researchers surveyed 93 wmen abut their supprt system and their feelings f lneliness and islatin, then separated them int tw grups: thse wh scred high n the perceived scial lneliness scale, and thse wh scred lw. The researchers fund that wmen wh had higher levels f scial lneliness tended t have higher fat mass, lwer diet quality, reward-based eating, and uncntrlled eating, and increased levels f anxiety and depressin.
The wmen were then shwn pictures f fd versus nn-fd, sweet fd versus nn-fd, and savry fd versus nn-fd. MRI scans recrded the participants’ brain activity while they viewed these images.
The researchers fund that the grup f wmen wh perceived themselves t be lnely experienced increased activatin in regins f the brain assciated with greater drive t eat sugary fds, and decreased activatin in the brain regin assciated with self-cntrl tward eating behavirs.
“These findings are interesting because it prvides evidence fr what we intuitively (直觉地) knw,” Gupta said. “When peple are alne r lnely, it impacts mre than hw they are feeling; they underreprt what they eat, and their desire t eat unhealthy fds.”
12. Which wrd is clsest in meaning t “craving” in Paragraph 1?
A. Desire.B. Willingness.C. Discipline.D. Ambitin.
13. What’s the functin f Paragraph 2?
A. Prviding earlier research results.
B. Explaining the research methds.
C. Intrducing the research backgrund.
D. Telling the significance f the research.
14. Which f the fllwing statements matches the findings f this research?
A. The lnelier wmen feel, the less they eat.
B. Obesity is linked t depressin and anxiety.
C. Lneliness can drive wmen t eat mre sugary fd.
D. Lnely wmen ften lie abut their mental prblems.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Eating the Way t HappinessB. Feeding the “Lnely Brain”
C. Lneliness Leads t ObesityD. Fd Sweetens Sad Suls
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究发现感到孤独的女性大脑中与渴望和食欲有关的区域活跃，尤其是在看到含糖食物等高热量食物的图像时。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“A recent study by UCLA Health discvered that wmen wh feel lnely shw brain activity in areas linked t…and the drive t eat, particularly when viewing images f high-calrie fds like sugary treats. (加州大学洛杉矶分校健康中心最近的一项研究发现，感到孤独的女性大脑中与……和食欲有关的区域活跃，尤其是在看到含糖食物等高热量食物的图像时。)”可知，研究发现感到孤独的女性大脑中与食欲相关的区域活跃，尤其是看到含糖食物等高热食物的图像时，划线单词与“the drive t eat”为并列关系，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“欲望”意义相近。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Arpana Gupta, Ph. D., a researcher and c-directr f the UCLA Gdman-LuskinMicrbime Center, wanted t research the negative impacts f lneliness, especially as peple cntinue t be wrking remtely after the COVID-19 pandemic, and hw the brain interacts with scial islatin, eating habits, and mental health.(加州大学洛杉矶分校古德曼-卢斯金微生物组中心的研究员兼联合主任阿帕纳·古普塔博士想研究孤独的负面影响，特别是在COVID-19大流行后人们继续远程工作的情况下，以及大脑如何与社会孤立、饮食习惯和心理健康相互作用。)”可知，该项研究是想研究孤独的负面影响的，并且提出了这项研究是在COVID-19大流行后人们继续远程工作的情况下进行，由此可推断，第二段是介绍了该项研究的背景。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“A recent study by UCLA Health discvered that wmen wh feel lnely shw brain activity in areas linked t cravings and the drive t eat, particularly when viewing images f high-calrie fds like sugary treats.(加州大学洛杉矶分校健康中心最近的一项研究发现，感到孤独的女性大脑中与渴望和食欲有关的区域活跃，尤其是在看到含糖食物等高热量食物的图像时。)”结合倒数第二段中的“The researchers fund that the grup f wmen wh perceived themselves t be lnely experienced increased activatin in regins f the brain assciated with greater drive t eat sugary fds, and decreased activatin in the brain regin assciated with self-cntrl tward eating behavirs.(研究人员发现，那些认为自己孤独的女性大脑中与吃含糖食物的欲望相关的区域活跃度增加，而与饮食行为自我控制相关的大脑区域活跃度降低。)”可知，这项研究发现，认为自己孤独的女性大脑中与吃含糖食物的欲望相关的区域活跃度增加，由此可知，孤独会驱使女性吃更多含糖的食物，所以C项讲述的内容与研究发现相匹配。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“A recent study by UCLA Health discvered that wmen wh feel lnely shw brain activity in areas linked t cravings and the drive t eat, particularly when viewing images f high-calrie fds like sugary treats.(加州大学洛杉矶分校健康中心最近的一项研究发现，感到孤独的女性大脑中与渴望和食欲有关的区域活跃，尤其是在看到含糖食物等高热量食物的图像时。)”结合尾段中的“When peple are alne r lnely, it impacts mre than hw they are feeling; they underreprt what they eat, and their desire t eat unhealthy fds.(当人们独自一人或孤独时，它的影响不仅仅是他们的感受；他们低估了自己吃了什么，以及他们对不健康食品的渴望。)”可知，当人们感到孤独时，不仅仅影响到的是他们的感受，还有他们对不健康食品的渴望，综合以上信息可知，本文主要讲述的是一项研究发现人在孤独时，大脑中与渴望和食欲有关的区域活跃，所以题目“喂饱孤独的大脑”与本文的内容一致，且概括了文章的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
N matter where yu are n the planet, the effects f the climate crisis are vast and real. We knw individual actins can nly get us s far, and slving the issue f climate change is the jb f gvernments. _____16_____ Here are sme tips fr what we individuals can d t help wrk tward a mre sustainable future.
Switch t climate friendly hme appliances
By using hme appliances and vehicles that run n electricity, we can help reduce ur carbn ftprint and leave mre fssil fuels in the grund. Here are a few appliances t cnsider, such as clthing dryers with the “Energy Star” label and water heaters that use heat pump technlgy. _____17_____ S dn’t feel like yu have t change ut yur appliances vernight. Instead, buy them as yur existing machines wear ut.
Eat less meat
Meat prductin is hard n the envirnment: It requires a lt f land t raise cattle —and glbally, many frests are being cleared t make rm fr thse animals. _____18_____ If peple culd cut back their beef cnsumptin, it culd have a majr impact n creating a mre sustainable fd system.
Freeze prduce yu can’t use right away
Abut 8% f greenhuse gas emissins cme frm wasted fd, and rughly half f all fd waste ccurs during “the cnsumptin stage”. One f the best tls t help reduce wasted fd? The freezer. If yu’re nt ready t use fresh fruit and vegetables right away, freeze them. ____19____
Cut back n plastic
The plastics prblem is verwhelming. ____20____ Are yu using a bttle f bdy wash? Replace it with a bar f sap. Bring yur wn bags fr grceries instead f packing yur gds in plastic bags, r yur favrite reusable cup t yur lcal cffee shp.
A. This lcks in flavr and nutrients.
B. But we als knw that ur decisins matter.
C. And cws themselves release a lt f methane.
D. That means we shuld nt use the ld appliances any mre.
E. Making these upgrades t yur hme and lifestyle will cst mney.
F. The mst effective thing yu can d is t figure ut hw much yu use.
G. S gvernments shuld make plicies t slve climate change prblem.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些我们个人可以做些什么来帮助实现更可持续的未来的建议。
【16题详解】
由下文“Here are sme tips fr what we individuals can d t help wrk tward a mre sustainable future.(以下是我们个人可以做些什么来帮助实现更可持续的未来的一些建议。)”可知，这里主要介绍我们个人能做什么来减少气候危机，而B项But we als knw that ur decisins matter.(但我们也知道，我们的决定很重要。)符合语境，其中ur decisins matter与下文what we individuals can d t help对应，有启下作用。故选B项。
【17题详解】
由下文“S dn’t feel like yu have t change ut yur appliances vernight. Instead, buy them as yur existing machines wear ut.(所以，不要觉得你必须在一夜之间更换电器。相反，在现有机器磨损时购买它们。)”可知，这里指不要期待一次把所有电器换完，而E项Making these upgrades t yur hme and lifestyle will cst mney.(对你的家和生活方式进行这些升级需要花钱。)符合语境，与下文构成因果关系，且these upgrades与上文clthing dryers和water heaters对应，所以有承上启下作用。故选E项。
【18题详解】
由上文“Meat prductin is hard n the envirnment: It requires a lt f land t raise cattle —and glbally, many frests are being cleared t make rm fr thse animals. (肉类生产对环境造成了很大的影响：它需要大量的土地来饲养牲畜——在全球范围内，许多森林正在被砍伐，为这些动物腾出空间。)”可知，这里主要讲肉类生产对环境造成了很大的影响。而C项And cws themselves release a lt f methane.(奶牛自身也会释放大量甲烷。)符合语境，其中cws与上文cattle对应，有承上作用。故选C项。
【19题详解】
由上文“One f the best tls t help reduce wasted fd? The freezer. If yu’re nt ready t use fresh fruit and vegetables right away, freeze them.(帮助减少浪费食物的最佳工具之一？冷冻室。如果你还没有准备好立即使用新鲜的水果和蔬菜，就把它们冷冻起来。)”可知，这里主要建议把多余的食物冷冻起来，而A项This lcks in flavr and nutrients.(这锁住了味道和营养。)符合语境，其中this代指上文freeze them，有承上作用。故选A项。
【20题详解】
由下文“Are yu using a bttle f bdy wash? Replace it with a bar f sap. Bring yur wn bags fr grceries instead f packing yur gds in plastic bags, r yur favrite reusable cup t yur lcal cffee shp.(你在用一瓶沐浴露吗？换上一块肥皂。带上你自己的杂货袋，而不是用塑料袋来包装你的商品，或者带上你最喜欢的可重复使用的杯子去咖啡店。)”可知，这里主要讲通过自己的方式减少塑料使用。而F项The mst effective thing yu can d is t figure ut hw much yu use.(你能做的最有效的事情就是弄清楚你用了多少。)符合语境，其中hw much yu use和后文举例减少使用塑料对应，有启下作用。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分,满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The drbell rang ne mid-December evening. I frequently had ____21____ visitrs in thse early days after my husband’s death. We wndered wh it might be this time. `But when my 6-year-ld sn Danny pened the dr, nbdy was there. Instead, n the drmat was a bx with a nte ____22____, which read “On the First Day f Christmas …”
The secnd night, I turned n the prch (门廊) light s we culd see wh was leaving the____23____, then Danny and I sat n the sfa and ____24____. When the drbell rang, Danny ran t the frnt f the huse, but all he fund were three large candy canes. Same ____25____: “On the secnd Day f Christmas …”
This seemed like the kind f ____26____ my friend Caren wuld make, s I ____27____ the secret Santa t her, but she ____28____ that she hadn’t dne it. “____29____,” she said, “I wish it was me!”.
Fr the next cuple f nights, Danny _____30_____ near the frnt dr as lng as he culd t spt the giver, but in vain. In thse dark days f grief, smebdy _____31_____ ur life with a simple but _____32_____ message: “Yu are lved.”
Fifteen years later, I still dn’t knw wh gave us _____33_____ in the midst f ur grief.
And I’m _____34_____ that I dn’t knw. The nt-knwing became my favrite part. That mysterius light pushed its way int ur _____35_____. Nt a miracle. Nt magic. Just generus, selfless, human lve.
21. A. enthusiasticB. unexpectedC. patientD. cautius
22. A. cnnectedB. signedC. attachedD. decrated
23. A. giftB. evidenceC. puzzleD. bag
24. A. sighedB. relaxedC. waitedD. slept
25. A. rutineB. dialgueC. resultD. message
26. A. mistakeB. wishC. effrtD. cmment
27. A. mentinedB. intrducedC. shwedD. brught
28. A. suggestedB. bjectedC. revealedD. insisted
29. A. FrtunatelyB. SeriuslyC. UndubtedlyD. Suddenly
30. A. appearedB. playedC. walkedD. hid
31. A. messed upB. lit upC. gave upD. tk up
32. A. pwerfulB. cmpleteC. urgentD. brief
33. A. cmmitmentB. infrmatinC. adviceD. hpe
34. A. thrilledB. gladC. sadD. upset
35. A. crisisB. perspectiveC. darknessD. chas
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在丈夫去世后一直很悲伤，尤其是在节日来临的时候。十二月圣诞节来了，谁每天在门前放礼物呢？不管是谁，门铃响了，希望也来了。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我丈夫去世后的最初几天里，我经常有不速之客。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. unexpected未预料到的；C. patient耐心的；D. cautius小心的。根据后文“We wndered wh it might be this time.”可知，此处指的是意想不到的客人。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，门垫上有一个盒子，上面贴着一张纸条，上面写着:“在圣诞节的第一天……” A. cnnected连接；B. signed签名；C. attached贴上，系上；D. decrated装饰。根据后文“which read “On the First Day f Christmas...”可知，是盒子上贴着一张纸条。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天晚上，我打开门廊的灯，这样我们就能看到是谁留下了礼物，然后我和丹尼坐在沙发上等着。A. gift礼物；B. evidence证据；C. puzzle迷；D. bag背包。根据上文“Instead, n the drmat was a bx with a nte ____2____”可知，此处指的是礼物。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天晚上，我打开门廊的灯，这样我们就能看到是谁留下了礼物，然后我和丹尼坐在沙发上等着。A. sighed叹气；B. relaxed放松；C. waited等待；D. slept睡觉。根据前文“The secnd night, I turned n the prch (门廊) light s we culd see wh was leaving the ____3____”可知，是在沙发上等待。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样的信息:“在圣诞节的第二天……” A. rutine日常；B. dialgue对话；C. result结果；D. message信息。根据上文“which read ‘On the First Day f Christmas …’”可知，此处指的是同样的信息。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是我的朋友卡伦会做的努力，所以我向她提起了神秘圣诞老人，但她坚持说她没有做过。A. mistake错误；B. wish愿望；C. effrt努力；D. cmment评论。根据上文“But when my 6-year-ld sn Danny pened the dr, nbdy was there. Instead, n the drmat was a bx with a nte ____2____ , which read ‘On the First Day f Christmas …’”可知，此处指的是作出的努力。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是我的朋友卡伦会做的努力，所以我向她提起了神秘圣诞老人，但她坚持说她没有做过。A. mentined提及；B. intrduced介绍；C. shwed展示；D. brught带来。根据下文“but she ____8____ that she hadn’t dne it.”可知，作者向她的朋友提及过此事。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是我的朋友卡伦会做的努力，所以我向她提起了神秘圣诞老人，但她坚持说她没有做过。A. suggested建议；B. bjected反对；C. revealed揭示；D. insisted坚持认为。根据后文“she said, ‘I wish it was me!’.”可知，她的朋友坚持认为不是她做的。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“说真的，”她说，“我真希望那个人是我!” A. Frtunately幸运地；B. Seriusly认真地；C. Undubtedly无疑，肯定；D. Suddenly突然。根据上文“but she ____8____ that she hadn’t dne it”可知，此处指的是认真地说。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几个晚上，丹尼一直躲在前门附近，尽可能地寻找送礼物的人，但是一无所获。A. appeared出现；B. played玩；C. walked步行；D. hid躲藏。根据后文“as lng as he culd t spt the giver, but in vain”可知，此处指的是躲在前门附近。故选D。
31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那些悲伤的黑暗日子里，有人用一句简单而有力的话语照亮了我们的生活：“你被爱着。” A. messed up弄乱；B. lit up照亮，点亮；C. gave up 放弃；D. tk up从事。根据前文“In thse dark days f grief”可知，此处指的是点亮生活。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那些悲伤的黑暗日子里，有人用一句简单而有力的话语照亮了我们的生活：“你被爱着。” A. pwerful有力的；B. cmplete完全的；C. urgent紧急的；D. brief简短的。根据后文“ ‘Yu are lved.’”可知，是强有力的语言。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：15年过去了，我仍然不知道是谁在我们悲伤的时候给了我们希望。A. cmmitment 承诺；B. infrmatin信息；C. advice建议；D. hpe希望。根据前文“In thse dark days f grief, smebdy ____11____ ur life with a simple but ____12____ message: ‘Yu are lved.’”可知，此处指的是给了作者希望。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴我不知道。A. thrilled兴奋的；B. glad高兴的；C. sad悲伤的；D. upset沮丧的。根据后文“That mysterius light pushed its way int ur ____15____.”可知，此处指的是我很高兴我不知道是谁。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那神秘的光闯进了我们的黑暗。A. crisis危机；B. perspective 前景；C. darkness黑暗；D. chas混乱。根据前文“In thse dark days f grief”可知，此处指的是闯进了我们的黑暗。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The virtue f frugality (节俭) has made a majr cmeback amng China’s yung cnsumers. Accrding t data ___36___ (release) by iiMedia Research, 72.49 percent f yung Chinese prefer t save rather than verspend.
Cmpared t their parents, ___37___ sense f frugality is rted in memries, frugality amng yung Chinese is a matter f chice rather than necessity. This new frm f frugality is nt a cmplete denial (否定) f cnsumerism, ___38___ a frm f smart spending aimed at achieving a balance between price and the quality f gds.
This new trend has driven the rapid ___39___ (grw) f China’s secndhand ecnmy, as yung cnsumers shift their fcus frm chasing after new things ___40___ recycling ld items. A reprt shwed that the market value f secndhand items rse frm 300 billin yuan in 2015 t ver 1 trillin yuan in 2020, and ___41___ (expect) t hit 3 trillin yuan in 2025.
Despite ___42___ shared gal f saving mney, frugal living is ___43___ (actual) leading a kind f lw-cst life. The temprary excitement, which ften ___44___ (accmpany) a shpping experience, hlds less attractin fr tday’s yung Chinese. ____45____ truly attracts their attentin is the sense f fulfillment that cmes with strategic spending and saving.
【答案】36. released
37. whse 38. but
39. grwth 40. t
41. is expected
42. the 43. actually
44. accmpanies
45. What
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国年轻一代消费者中节俭美德的回归。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：艾媒研究发布的数据显示，72.49%的中国年轻人更喜欢存钱，而不是过度消费。“(release) by iiMedia Research”作后置定语，release(发布)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语data之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填released。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：与他们节俭意识根植于记忆中的父母相比，中国年轻人的节俭是一种选择，而不是不可避免的情况。空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词their parents，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作sense f frugality的定语，意思是“他们父母的节俭意识”，应使用具有所属关系的关系代词whse引导该定语从句。故填whse。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：这种新形式的节俭并不是完全否定消费主义，而是一种明智的消费方式，旨在实现商品价格和质量之间的平衡。是复合连词，意为“不是……而是……”。故填but。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：这一新趋势推动了中国二手经济的快速增长，因为年轻消费者的注意力从追逐新事物转向回收旧物品。提示词作宾语，用名词grwth，意为“增长”，不可数名词。故填grwth。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：这一新趋势推动了中国二手经济的快速增长，因为年轻消费者的注意力从追逐新事物转向回收旧物品。是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填t。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一份报告显示，二手商品的市场价值从2015年的3000亿元上升到2020年的1万亿元以上，预计到2025年将达到3万亿元。expect(预计)是并列谓语动词，与主语the market value(市场价值)之间是被动关系，结合句意，描述目前对未来的预测，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is expected。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：尽管有着省钱这一共同目标，但节俭的生活实际上是一种低成本的生活。特指省钱这一共同目标，用定冠词the限定。故填the。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：尽管有着省钱这一共同目标，但节俭的生活实际上是一种低成本的生活。提示词修饰整个句子，做评注性状语，用副词actually，意为“实际上”。故填actually。
【44题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这种通常伴随着购物经历的短暂兴奋对今天的中国年轻人来说吸引力不大。accmpany(伴随，与……一起发生)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which(即先行词excitement)之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语ften，描述习惯性行为，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态，单数形式。故填accmpanies。
【45题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：真正吸引他们注意力的是战略性消费和储蓄带来的成就感。“ truly attracts their attentin”是主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“吸引他们注意力的事情”，用连接代词what引导该从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，一个月前参加了“Healthy Life”杂志社组织的“健康生活方式选择”主题夏令营活动。请你给该杂志社编辑写封信反馈你参加夏令营前后的变化，内容包括：
1.之前的困扰；
2.采取的行动；
3.收获和感受。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Editr,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eiditr,
As I tk part in the summer camp abut health and lifestyle chices, I started t analyze them seriusly, especially playing games, the unhealthy way I relaxed myself, and its effects n my life.
A mnth ag, I felt stressed ut and always relaxed with cmputer games day and night. Playing was fun, but I felt even mre wrn ut afterwards! After the camp, I realized that it was time t adjust my lifestyle by finding ther ways t relax. Rck climbing and playing basketball were the things I thught f ding instead. Thugh it was a big struggle, I made it with great determinatin.
After a mnth f trying ut, I feel mre energetic nw. I believe that I can change myself fr the better.
Yurs truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给该杂志社编辑写封信反馈一下参加夏令营前后的变化。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in →participate in
影响：effect →impact
焦虑不安的：stressed ut →anxius
意识到：realize →be aware
2.句式拓展
句式转换
原句：Thugh it was a big struggle, I made it with great determinatin.
拓展句：Big struggle thugh it was, I made it with great determinatin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As I tk part in the summer camp abut health and lifestyle chices, I started t analyze them seriusly, especially playing games, the unhealthy way I relaxed myself, and its effects n my life.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Rck climbing and playing basketball were the things I thught f ding instead.（运用了动名词短语作主语和省略了关系代词的定语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My furth f July vacatin began with a scream. “Tara!” I jumped, my eyelids snapping pen. I realized that my fur-year-ld sister, Tammy, was staring dwn at me. I struggled t push her ff me as she bunced n my legs. She screamed, and then ran ut f my rm.
It was as if Tammy never did anything wrng. If Tammy gt angry, Mm wuld say she was trying t get her pint acrss. When Tammy brke a plate, Dad said she was just “helping” me empty the dishwasher. When Tammy scribbled (乱涂乱画) all ver the wall, instead f sclding her, my parents chuckled and said, “She’s turning int an artist just like yu, Tara.”
We were flying t Utah t visit my grandma fr the Furth f July. Every year I draw Grandma a picture fr her birthday, but I sighed as I cnsidered abut what picture I shuld draw this time. When we walked ff the plane, I was relieved t see the smiling face f my grandma. We raced ver t her.
“Hi, sweetheart.” Grandma gt dwn n ne knee t hug Tammy and then swung her in the air. Tammy screamed with laughter. Then Grandma hugged me. “It’s s gd t see yu t, Tara.”
After six hurs f flight, I was exhausted—six hurs f listening t Tammy scream with delight again and again and again. I wanted t be alne, s I went utside with my sketchbk and clred pencils. Lking at the scenery, I felt inspired t wrk n Grandma’s drawing. As I admired the shading n the muntains and the swirls f the sunset, I smiled t myself and thught, this is the best picture I have ever made.
Befre I finished my picture, Mm was calling me inside fr dinner. When I walked back int the rm, my heart stpped. Tammy was lying n the bed, scribbling n a piece f paper. When Tammy saw me frzen in the drway, she jumped frm the bed. She ran ver t me and grinned. “I drew yu a picture.” she shuted.
“Out!” I screamed angrily, and she ran ut f the rm. I ran ver t the bed. I picked up the paper, and it was just as I’d feared. My drawing had black scribbles all ver it.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mm appeared in the drway with Tammy by her side.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I gathered up the curage t walk ver t Grandma.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Mm appeared in the drway with Tammy by her side. Tammy was crying, tears rlling dwn her cheeks. Mm’s gaze shifted t my picture, which I held with shaking hands. She gently pushed Tammy ut f the rm. She shut the dr and sat dwn next t me,“Tara,”she whispered,“I’m s srry, I knw yu wrked hard n it. Tammy is challenging smetimes, but yur yelling at her desn’t slve anything. ” It felt as if a dam inside f me brke. I signed and walked ut f the rm with my picture.
I gathered up the curage t walk ver t Grandma. Grandma lked up at me, her eyes sparkling. I handed her the picture I had drawn, the ne that Tammy had ruined. Grandma tk it int her hands and said, “Oh, Tara, I lve it!” She smiled at me. “D yu knw why I lve it s much? This picture represents the bnd yu and Tammy share. If yu lk clsely at the picture, there was a faint picture f tw girls smiling and hlding hands. ”I watched Tammy frm a distance. I had been s wrried abut nt having the perfect furth July vacatin that I frgt abut what mattered mst.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者画了一幅画，要作为生日礼物送给奶奶。然而，未完成的画作被四岁的妹妹在上面乱画一通。作者非常生气，将妹妹赶出了房间。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由续写第一段首句“妈妈出现在门口，塔米在她身边。”可以预测续写第一段主要内容：妈妈解释抱怨无济于事，作者情绪奔溃。
②由第二段首句“我鼓起勇气走向奶奶。”可以预测续写第二段主要内容：奶奶表示喜欢并解释原因，作者意识到亲情的重要性。
2.续写线索：母亲解释——作者情绪奔溃——作者向奶奶展示画——奶奶表示喜欢并解释——作者意识到亲情的重要性
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.大叫：yell at/scream at /shut at
②.解决：slve /handle/settle
③.画：draw/paint
情绪类
①.抱歉的：srry/regretful
②.担心的：wrried /cncerned
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Tammy was crying, tears rlling dwn her cheeks. （运用了独立主格结构形式）
[高分句型2]. Mm’s gaze shifted t my picture, which I held with shaking hands. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3].D yu knw why I lve it s much? （运用why引导的宾语从句）
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