初中英语2024届中考语法复习动词语态知识讲解练习

这是一份初中英语2024届中考语法复习动词语态知识讲解练习，共7页。试卷主要包含了定义，被动语态的构成，主动语态和被动语态的转换，不能用被动语态的几种形式，练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、定义
* 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间语法或语义的关系。
* 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
* 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；
* 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二、被动语态的构成
1.一般现在时： 主语 + am/is/are + 动词过去分词
Eg: The rm is cleaned every day.
房间每天被打扫。
2.一般过去时： 主语 + was/were + 动词过去分词
Eg: The rm was cleaned yesterday.
昨天房子被打扫。
3.一般将来时： 主语 + will be + 动词过去分词
Eg: The rm will be cleaned tmrrw.
明天房子被打扫。
4.现在进行时： 主语 + am/is/are + being + 动词过去分词
Eg: The rm is being cleaned nw.
房子现在被打扫。
5.过去进行时： 主语 + was/were being + 动词过去分词
Eg: The rm was being cleaned when I came in.
当我进来的时候房子正在被打扫。
6.现在完成时： 主语 + have/has been + 动词过去分词
Eg: The rm has already been cleane
D.
房子已经被打扫完了。
三、主动语态和被动语态的转换
* 大多数“主语--谓语--宾语”的主动句都可以转换为被动句，方法如下：
主动语态： They planted a tree.
主语 谓语 宾语
被动语态： A tree was planted （by them）.
* 注意：
1.当主动语态变为被动语态时，如果需要强调施动者，便可将原句的主语（即施动者）置于by短语中表示出来。
Eg:They invited me t the party.
-- I was invited t the party by them.
他们邀请我去派对。
2.当主动句是“主语--谓语--宾语--宾语”结构时，有两种变化方式：
Eg: My father gave me a bk.
-- I was gave a bk by my father.
A bk was gave me by my father.
我爸爸给我一本书。
四、不能用被动语态的几种形式
1.pen, write, read, sell, wash等词作为不及物动词时，它们的主动形式表示被动之意。
Eg: This kind f bk sells well.
(这种书卖得很好。）
2.当主动句的宾语是each ther或反身代词时，不能用被动语态。
Eg: The by can teach himself.
(这个小男孩能自学。)
3.当主动句的谓语动词表示一种状态或是不及物动词时，不用被动语态。
Eg: The cat fits her very well.
(这件衣服很合她的身。）
The accident happened last night.
(这个事故发生在昨晚。）
五、练习
( )1.The new mvie ______ by Jacky Chen a few mnths ag.
A.is directed
B.was directed
C.directed
D.directs
( )2.I have a new bike.It ______ t me as a birthday gift my father.
A.gives
B.gave
C.was giving
D.was given
( ）3.A new bridge _______ in tw years.
A.will build
B.will be built
C.is built
D.is building
( )4.When he went abrad, he fund that many prducts in lcal shps _____ in China.
A.make
B.makes
C.made
D.were made
( )5.Lei Feng _____ fr many years, but his spirit is still encuraging us.
A.died
B.has died
C.was dead
D.has been dead
( )6.If I ______, I will try my best t g there.
A.will be invited
B.is invited
C.invites
D.invited
( )7.Many huses ______ by the earthquake and thusands f peple were left hmeless.
A.damaged
B.were damaged
C.were damaging
D.are damaged
( )8.The by ________ t play cmputer games befre he ges t beD.
A.isn’t allwed
B.aren’t allwed
C.desn’t allw
D.wasn’t allwed
( )9.The ffice is s dirty, it ________ tmrrw.
A.will clean
B.will be cleaned
C.are cleaning
D.are cleaned
( )10.Sme peple think trees _____ n Tree Planting Day nly.
A.shuld be planted
B.shuld plant
C.shuld be plant
D.shuld be planting
( )11.The plants ______ every three days, r they will fail t grw.
A.must water
B.may water
C.must be watered
D.may be watered
( )12.I dn’t knw hw lng the bk may ______.
A.keep
B.be brrwed
C.brrw
D.be kept
( )13.Peple wh _____ t the party are very exciteD.
A.have invited
B.has been invited
C.will invite
D.have been invited
( )14.-- _____ free breakfasts _____ in all schls in China?
-- N, nt yet.Only in the rural areas.
A.Are; made
B.D; serve
C.Are; served
D.D; make
( )15.These bks are s ppular.They _____ by many children.
A.is read
B.was read
C.are read
D.were read
( )16.I am s sad, the masct(吉祥物)--Bing Dundun ________ ut.
A.sells
B.has been sld
C.is sld
D.will be sld
( )17.The mbile phne has influenced peple’s life a lt since it ______.
A.invents
B.invented
C.is invented
D.was invented
( )18.Dn’t take the magazine away.It _____ me.
A.is belnged t
B.belngs t
C.was belnged t
D.is belnging t
( )19.The children withut parents ______ gd care f by his teachers in this schl.
A.is taken
B.are taken
C.take
D.takes
( )20.In the ld days, they _____ in the factry frm mrning t evening.
A.were made t wrk
B.asked t wrk
C.made t wrk
D.were asked fr wrk
( )21.When all these bridges ______, travelling will be easier.
A.will be built
B.are built
C.will build
D.build
( )22.The 29the Olympic Games _____ in August 2008 in China.
A.is held
B.was held
C.will hld
D.will be held
( )23.Ht water ______ in the students’ flats frm 5pm t 7pm nw.
A.supplies
B.is supplied
C.supplied
D.was supplied
( )24.Yu can’t mve in right nw.The huse _____.
A.has painted
B.is painted
C.is being painted
D.is painting
( )25.Many trees _____ in the desert t keep the sand frm mving every year.
A.is planted
B.was planted
C.are planted
D.were planted
( )26.It _____ t drive after drinking wine.
A.is allwed
B.is nt allwed
C.is made
D.is welcmed
( )27.My cup _____ last night.S I have t buy anther.
A.brke
B.are brken
C.were brken
D.break
( )28.With the develpment f technlgy, mre useful machines ______ ne day.
A.invent
B.are invented
C.will invent
D.will be invented
( )29.Yu can play as sn as yur hmewrk ______.
A.finishes
B.will be finished
C.has finished
D.is finished
( )30.N matter hw many difficulties we meet, I believe all the prblems ____ in the enD.
A.can slve
B.can be slved
C.need slve
D.need be slved
( )31.This desk ______ wD.
A.is made in
B.is made by
C.is made f
D.is made frm
( )32.The task _____ earlier if mre peple are sent here.
A.has cmpleted
B.is cmpleted
C.was cmpleted
D.will be cmpleted
( )33.This kind f pen _____, and is als very cheap.I think yu can buy sme.
A.writes well
B.writes gd
C.is written well
D.is written gd
( )34.This pht _______ when I visited Beijing.
A.is taken
B.takes
C.was taken
D.tk
( )35.Earth Day ______ in 1970 t tell us t prtect ur planet.
A.sets up
B.set up
C.is set up
D.was set up
( )36.Many students ______ chances t shw themselves in class.
A.dn’t give
B.aren’t given
C.haven’t given
D.wn’t give
( )37.The pet dg is warm and lving.It _____ as a daughter f my family.
A.treats
B.treated
C.is treated
D.was treated
( )38.My bike is brken.It needs ________ .
A.t repair
B.repairing
C.repaired
D.nt t repair
( )39.The dr ______, yu can tuch it.
A.has been painted
B.will be painted
C.was painted
D.is painted
( )40.My advice n hw t save paper _____ by my class last Mnday.
A.accepts
B.accepted
C.was accepted
D.is accepted
41.English _________ (speak) by many peple in the wrlD.
42.Yu mustn’t tuch the machines unless yu __________ (allw) t.
43.Usually, bks fr children ___________ (write) in simple languages.
44.The ld shuld ______________ (lk) after by us.
45.The exam ____________ (have) next week.
46.These flwers need _________ (water) every week.
47.The Olympic Games in Beijing _________________ (cnsider) as the best ne.
48.My hmewrk ____________ (d) fr tw hurs.
49.Everybdy _________ (mve) deeply after they heard the stry.
50.If the dishes ________ (wash), yu can have n hamburger.
【答案】
1 -- 5 BDBDD 6 -- 10 BBABA
11-- 15 CDDCC 16 -- 20 BDBBA
21-- 25 BBBCC 26 -- 30 BCDDB
31-- 35 CDACD 36 -- 40 BCBAC
41.is spken 42.are allwed
43.are written 44.be lked
45.will be had 46.watering/ t be watered
47.is cnsidered 48.has been dne
49.was mved 50.are washed