英语：湖南省长沙市长沙县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中试题（解析版）

这是一份英语：湖南省长沙市长沙县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中试题（解析版），共14页。
In America, there are chres fr children f different ages. American peple think it’s imprtant t tell children their duty in the family. Use this list f age chres fr yur children.
1. American peple think children shuld d chres in the family because ________.
A. parents are lazy
B. it’s imprtant t let children knw their duty in the family
C. children shuld develp gd habits
2. If Bb is 5 years ld, he can ________.
A. set the table
B. wash the dishes
C. take ut the rubbish
3. What’s the passage mainly abut?
A. Chinese children’s duty in the family.
B. What chres American children f different ages shuld d.
C. Why children arund the wrld shuld d chres.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同年龄的美国孩子所做的家务。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In America, there are chres fr children f different ages. American peple think it’s imprtant t tell children their duty in the family.”可知，在美国，不同年龄的孩子都有家务活，美国人认为告诉孩子他们在家庭中的责任很重要。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Ages 4—5”一栏中“◆Clear and set the table;”可知，四到五岁的孩子，可以清理餐桌和摆放餐具，即5岁的鲍勃，可以摆桌子。故选A。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章可知，本文主要介绍了不同年龄的美国孩子所做的家务。故选B。
D yu ever feel like yu are just running frm ne activity t anther? In schl, d yu rush frm ne subject t anther? When things happen s fast, it is easy t get lst f what yu are ding r learning. It is imprtant t stp yurself every nw and then t think abut what yu’ve been ding r learning.
Self-reflectin (反省) means slwing dwn and calming (使平静) yurself including calming yur mind. By being calm and ging slwly yu give yur brain a chance t think abut what it has already received. Sme peple like t d these self reflectins nly in their mind. Others keep a diary r written ntes. Either methd wrks depending n yur wn persnal learning.Yu can fllw the step t d self reflectin.
First, chse the prper time t d it. Schl textbks are divided int units f study. This makes it easier fr smene t begin self reflectin. Lk fr time when yu cmplete a unit f study. Smetimes yu knw the unit is ver because there is sme kind f test. Use these natural breaks t stp and d self reflectin.
Then, find a quiet place and take ut paper r yur reflectin diary. Write dwn sme ntes n the new things that yu learned in the unit. Let yur mind think abut the ntes yu have written and make sme cnnectins.
Finally, think abut things that yu are nt sure f. Maybe yu learned a new way t wrk ut a math prblem but yu’re nt sure when t use it. Writing dwn yur questins will help yu remember t lk fr answers the next time yu are wrking with the same tpic.
Self-reflectin is imprtant fr a successful student. If yu have never taken the time t d self reflectin, try it nw.
4. Accrding t paragraph 2, peple CANNOT d self-reflectin by ________ .
A. wrking quickly
B. keeping a diary
C. thinking t themselves
5. What des the underlined wrd “cmplete” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. stpB. finishC. cntinue
6. The structure f the passage can be ________ .
A. ①/②③④⑤/⑥
B. ①/②/③④⑤⑥
C. ①/②/③④⑤/⑥
7. What’s the best title fr the passage?
A. Try ding self refectin nw!
B. Keep yurself busy!
C. Why is self reflectin imprtant?
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了自我反省的重要性。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据“By being calm and ging slwly yu give yur brain a chance t think abut what it has already received.”可知，快速地工作不能使自己冷静下来自我反省。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Lk fr time when yu cmplete a unit f study.”可知，当你完成了单元的学习再去找时间做反思。故选B。
【6题详解】
篇章结构题。根据文章可知，文章第一段讲述了自我反省的重要性，为段落一；文章第二段介绍了自我反省的含义且引出下文，为段落二；文章第三第四第五段通过三点来介绍如何做到自我反省，为段落三；文章第六段是结语，并推荐大家一起去试试自我反省，为段落四。故选C。
【7题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“If yu have never taken the time t d self reflectin, try it nw.”可知，文章最佳标题为Try ding self refectin nw!“现在就试试自我反省吧！”。故选A。
Ants are everywhere. They live in frests, fields, deserts and cities,all ver the Earth. But hw much d yu knw abut them?
Ants are scial animals. They live and wrk in grups. They always build nests, find fd, and raise babies tgether. They have their wn clnies (群体). Ant clnies are large r small, frm just a few nes t millins!
Usually, ants are divided int (被分成) several different classes (等级) such as queens, wrkers, males and s n. Queens are females and they eat mre as larvae (幼虫). Queen ants are usually the biggest ants in clnies. They lay all the eggs. A queen ant can live fr several tens f years. Males have wings and they never help with the chres. They can nly live fr a few weeks.
Wrkers are females and they eat less as larvae. Wrkers d all the “husewrk” frm building and cleaning the nest t cllecting fd. Wrkers are wingless and usually live fr several mnths.
Ants are als clever architects. They can build their hmes in different places. Yu may find their nests under rcks r in the trees. What’s mre, the nests that they build are perfect fr ant larvae t grw up. One ant by itself cannt d much harm t many larger animals. But they can beat much bigger and strnger enemies in large grups. By acting tgether, ants can even prtect their clnies against animals. If yu are lucky enugh, yu may see such a wnderful fight!
Ants are successful in the animal wrld.But have yu learned the secret behind their success?
8. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut ants?
A. Yu can’t find ants in cities.
B. Ant grups are different in size.
C. Queen ants’ life is very shrt.
9. We knw that wrker ants ________.
A. have big wings
B. eat the mst as larvae
C. help keep their nests clean
10. Why can ants prtect their clnies successfully?
A. They are lucky enugh.
B. They always act in grups.
C. Their enemies are nt strng.
11. In which part f a newspaper can we read this passage?
A. Nature.B. Travel.C. Fd.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了蚂蚁的全球分布、社会性生活方式、不同种类和角色，以及它们作为建筑大师的才能和群体协作的强大能力。文章强调了蚂蚁通过共同生活和合作，能够在动物界取得成功，并保护自己的群体免受侵害。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Ant clnies are large r small, frm just a few nes t millins!”可知，蚂蚁群体的大小不同。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wrkers d all the “husewrk” frm building and cleaning the nest t cllecting fd.”可知，我们知道工蚁有助于保持巢穴的清洁。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据“By acting tgether, ants can even prtect their clnies against animals.”可知，它们总是成群结队的行动，所以蚂蚁能成功地保护它们的群落。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了蚂蚁的情况，与自然有关。故选A。
第二节(共1小题;每小题8分，满分8分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。
There is an ld Chinese saying, “If smene gives yu a little drp f water, yu shuld return a spring f water.” ____12____
We thank ur parents wh give us lives. They wrk hard all the time in rder t give us a better life. They give us fd and clthes t keep us frm hunger and illness. ____13____ We are taken after well by them.
We thank ur teachers wh give us dreams. It’s nt easy fr teachers t educate us. They teach us a lt f things besides knwledge. But they ask fr nthing frm us. We are well-educated by them.
Meanwhile, we even thank peple wh hurt us, because they teach us imprtant things. We thank peple wh give us up, ____14____ We thank peple wh are selfish (自私的), because we learned the imprtance f being kind.
There are lts f peple that we shuld thank in ur life. ____15____ Fr example, we culd d what can d t ffer help if they are in need. Als, it’s a gd chice t prepare sme small gifts n special days. What’s mre, taking care f urselves and trying ur best t live a meaningful life is als a gd way t thank thse wh lve us and really care abut us.
A. They teach us what is right and what is wrng t make us better men.
B. because they teach us hw t be independent.
C. That means if smene helps yu a bit, yu shuld thank him a lt.
D. We shuld express ur thanks with actins, nt just wrds.
E. We shuld shw peple ur thanks.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了我们应该感谢生命中的一些人以及如何感谢他们。
【12题详解】
根据前句“There is an ld Chinese saying, ‘If smene gives yu a little drp f water, yu shuld return a spring f water.’” 可知，此处应是对这句谚语的进一步阐述。C选项“这意味着如果有人帮了你一点忙，你应该非常感谢他”与之匹配。故选C。
【13题详解】
根据前句“We thank ur parents wh give us lives. They wrk hard all the time in rder t give us a better life. They give us fd and clthes t keep us frm hunger and illness.”可知，此处应是在讲述父母对我们的照顾和教育。A选项“他们教会我们什么是对的，什么是错的，使我们成为更好的人”符合语境。故选A。
【14题详解】
根据“we even thank peple wh hurt us, because they teach us imprtant things. We thank peple wh gives us up…We thank peple wh are selfish, because we learned the imprtance f being kind.”可知，本段是在讲述伤害过我们的人对我们成长的帮助，此处应是在解释感谢那些放弃我们的人的原因。B选项“因为他们教我们如何独立”与之匹配。故选B。
【15题详解】
根据最后一段“Fr example, we culd d what can d t ffer help if they are in need. Als, it’s a gd chice t prepare sme small gifts n special days.”可知，此处应指要用实际行动去感谢他人。D选项“我们应该用行动来表达我们的感谢，而不仅仅是言语”与之匹配。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白的最佳答案。
Arn just mved t a big city t start a new jb. It didn’t take lng fr Arn t feel the ___16___ f city life. The peple, the nise, his heavy all made him feel like ___17___.
But ne day, as Arn was n his way t wrk, he saw a hmeless man n the street. He didn’t see a hmeless persn befre. He ___18___ and had a shrt talk with him. Then, he pened up abut his life and cmplained（抱怨）abut the ___19___ he was facing. The man ___20___ listened all the time.
“I was did yu end up hmelessness?” Arn asked.
“I was in a war. I saw lts f death. I gt badly hurt and culdn’t find a jb when I came hme. Unluckily, my wife decided t ___21___ me. I lst ___22___. Life hurt me s much,” the man said.
“___23___ I’m thankful fr every day fr I’m alive. My life might be hard smetimes, but when I see smething as simple as sleeping, I remember that even when life hurts, life means a lt.”
Cmpared（比较）t lsing in a war, getting hurt and becming disabled, Arn’s wn prblems seemed ___24___ t slve. If this hmeless man culd still see the gd side f life ___25___ all he was thrugh, then maybe Arn culd t.
16. A. jy B. interest C. stress
17. A. giving up B. putting up C. giving ut
18. A. stpped B. ran C. laughed
19. A. huse B. prblems C. failure
20. A. angrily B. friendly C. patiently
21. A. help B. leave C. depend
22. A. nthing B. everything C. anything
23. A. But B. Since C. S
24. A. mre difficultB. less interestingC. less difficult
25. A. after B. befre C. under
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A
【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Arn来到一个新的城市生活工作，他感到压力很大，在他和一位流浪汉对话后，他明白了不管经历什么，都要看到生活的阳光面。
【16题详解】
句意：Arn很快就感受到了城市生活的压力。
jy喜悦；interest兴趣；stress压力。根据“The peple, the nise, his heavy wrk”可知，Arn是感受到了压力。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：这里的人、这里的噪音、他繁重的工作……这些都让他想放弃。
giving up放弃；putting up提供，建造；giving ut分发，公布。根据“The peple, the nise, his heavy wrk”可知，这里的人、这里的噪音、他繁重的工作都是不好的事情，故可推测出，这些让他想放弃。故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：他停下来和他简短地谈了一会儿。
stpped停下来；ran跑；laughed笑。根据“as Arn was n his way t wrk”和“and had a shrt talk with him”可知，他和这位流浪汉简短地谈了一会儿，故可知，他停下来了。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：然后，他公开了自己的生活，并抱怨他所面临的问题。
huse房子；prblems问题；failure失败。根据“cmplained（抱怨）abut”和“he was facing”可知，抱怨的应该是面对的问题。故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：这个人一直耐心地听着。
angrily生气地；friendly友好的；patiently耐心地。根据“listened all the time”可知，是一直耐心地听。故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：不幸的是，我妻子决定离开我。
help帮助；leave离开；depend依靠。根据“Unluckily”可知，妻子是离开了我。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：我失去了一切。
nthing没什么；everything一切；anything任何事。根据“I gt badly hurt and culdn’t find a jb when I came hme. Unluckily, my wife decided ”和“Life hurt me s much”可知，我受了重伤，回家后找不到工作，妻子也离开了自己，故此处表示我失去了一切。故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：但我感谢每一天，因为我还活着。
But但是；Since自从，因为；S所以。根据“Life hurt me s much”和“I’m thankful fr every day fr I’m alive”可知，空格前后为转折关系，故应用but。故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：与在战争中失败、受伤和残疾相比，Arn自己的问题似乎没那么难解决。
mre difficult更困难；less interesting不那么有趣；less difficult不那么难。根据“Cmpared（比较）t lsing in a war, getting hurt and becming disabled”可知，和在战争中失败、受伤和残疾相比，Arn在生活、工作中遇到的问题是没有那么难以解决的。故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：如果这个无家可归的人在经历了这一切之后还能看到生活美好的一面，那么Arn也许也可以。
after在……之后；befre在……之前；under在……下。根据“If this hmeless man culd still see the gd side f life”和“all he was thrugh”可知，此处应表示在经历了一切之后，流浪汉仍然能看到生活中美好的一面。故选A。
第二节(共1小题，计10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
It was late in the afternn, nearly dark. Little Tm made his way hme with tears in his eyes while the sun ____26____(drp) dwn the muntains. “What’s the matter, Tm?Hw’s yur trip?” His mther asked with a big smile. “I wasn’t ____27____(success) in getting t the tp. The muntain is s high and full f stnes n the way. I kept ging n. But I was s tired ____28____ I had t give up climbing it.” Tm cried. “It desn’t matter. Yu are nly 14 years ld.When yu get lder, yu will have ____29____ (much) chances (机会) than nw.” his mther said. “But, my dream is t stand ____30____ the tp f the muntain!” Tm said.
Then, his father came ver, “Did yu see the green trees n yur way t the muntain? Did yu hear the birds ____31____(sing) at that time?”, his father asked, “Sure.There were many kinds f birds singing in the trees, and the sund was very sweet.” Tm said. “Did yu feel the beauty f nature?” his father asked. “Yes, the blue sky, the green ____32____ (tree) and the clrful flwers made a nice picture.” Tm answered. “That’s enugh!” his father smiled and said. “Please remember, sn.Mre ften, achieving (取得) what yu expect is nt the ____33____ (imprtant) thing in yur life. ____34____ yu didn’t reach the tp f the muntain, yu gt a lt n the way.”
It is true that nt every gal will be achieved, nt every jb will end up with (以……结束) a ____35____(satisfy), and nt every dream will cme true. The mst beautiful scenery (风景) is always n the way.
【答案】26. was drpping 27. successful 28. that 29. mre 30. at 31. singing
32. trees 33. mst imprtant 34. Althugh 35. satisfactin
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述小汤姆未能成功登顶高山，心情沮丧，父母亲对他进行安慰。
【26题详解】
句意：当太阳要落山的时候，小汤姆含着泪水回家了。根据“while”可知，用来表述一个动作发生在另一个动作过程当中，主句时态是一般过去时，从句应用过去进行时态。故填was drpping。
【27题详解】
句意：我没能成功地到达山顶。根据空格前面的词语“wasn’t”可知，系动词后要用形容词。故填successful。
【28题详解】
句意：我是如此疲劳，以至于我不得不放弃爬山。根据前后文语境和“I was s tired”可知，此处表示小汤姆因太累不得不放弃爬山。“”表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
【29题详解】
句意：当你变老的时候，你比现在会有更多的机会。根据“than”可知，此处应用提示词“much”的比较级。故填mre。
【30题详解】
句意：我的梦想是站在山顶上。根据空格后面的词语“the tp f the muntain”可知，此处应用介词“at”，“at the tp f”表示“在……的顶部”。故填at。
【31题详解】
句意：那时候你听见鸟叫了吗？根据“hear”可知，空格处应用现在分词，“”表示“听见……在做某事”。故填singing。
【32题详解】
句意：蓝天，绿树和五颜六色的花组成了一幅美丽的图画。根据“and the clrful flwers”可知，并列连词“and”应连接两个复数名词表示一类事物。故填trees。
【33题详解】
句意：更经常的是，得到你期望的东西不是你一生中最重要的事情。根据“in yur life”可知，这是形容词最高级表示比较的范围。故填mst imprtant。
【34题详解】
句意：虽然你没有到达山顶，但是你一路上收获了很多。根据语境可知，前后句子存在转折关系，此处可用连词“Althugh”。故填Althugh。
【35题详解】
句意：确实，不是每个目标都会实现，不是每个工作都会成功，不是每个梦想都会满意。根据空格前面的词语“a”可知，此处应用名词来填空。故填satisfactin。
第四部分综合技能(共2节，满分10分)
第一节(满分10分)阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
根据短文内容回答问题。
What Wuld Yu D? is a TV prgram n American ABC. The prgram which is hsted by the news reprter Jhn Quinnes is ppular with many peple. It tests what peple will d when they see smene is in truble s as t remind us t stand up fr the peple in need. Here is last week’s prgram.
In a cake shp, an actress acted as a blind wman named Pamela, and an actr acted as a man clerk wh lked dwn upn the blind wman. Hidden cameras were recrding what wuld happen. The blind wman came int the shp and bught a bx f twelve cup cakes. The clerk treated the wman badly at first. Then he cheated her when he gave her the change. He nly gave her 6 single dllar bills instead f 34 dllars.
Wuld smene be brave enugh t stand up fr the blind wman? Yes! A custmer in the cake shp stpped the clerk frm cheating the blind wman and treating her badly. And ther custmers jined in sn. Jhn appeared in the end and interviewed the first custmer wh helped Pamela ut. She said it was necessary t give a hand t the peple in need. “A psychlgy (心理学) prfessr nce said,” she said. “It’s difficult t take the first step t stand up. It needs curage.”
Answer the fllwing questins:
36. What’s the name f the TV prgram?
________________
37. What’s the purpse f the TV prgram?
________________
38. Where was the blind wman?
________________
39. Wh treated the blind wman badly?
________________
40. What d we need t stand up fr the peple in need?
________________
【答案】36. What Wuld Yu D?
37. T remind us t stand up fr the peple in need.
38. In a cake shp.
39. The clerk.
40. We need curage.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一个受欢迎的电视节目叫《你会怎么做？》，这个节目的主要目的就是让你挺身而出，帮助需要帮助的人。
【36题详解】
根据“What Wuld Yu D? is a TV prgram n American ABC.”可知这个电视节目的名字是《你会怎么做？》。故填What Wuld Yu D?
【37题详解】
根据“It tests what peple will d when they see smene is in truble s as t remind us t stand up fr the peple in need.”可知，电视节目的目的是提醒我们挺身而出帮助有需要的人。故填T remind us t stand up fr the peple in need.
【38题详解】
根据“In a cake shp, an actress acted as a blind wman named Pamela”可知，盲人在蛋糕店里。故填In a cake shp.
【39题详解】
根据“The clerk treated the wman badly at first.”可知，是店员对女人不好。故填The clerk.
【40题详解】
)根据“It’s difficult t take the first step t stand up. It needs curage.”可知，挺身而出帮助有需要的人需要勇气。故填We need curage.
第二节(共1题;满分15分)
41. 生地会考在即，Tm压力大但却沉迷手机游戏，甚至和父母产生争吵。假如你是他的朋友Jhn，请你根据以下要点和要求写一封信给他，给他建议。
参考词汇：becme pr in study, get angry with, cmmunicate with
要求：
(1)沉迷手机游戏不对;
(2)建议他用手机做更多有益学习的事情;
(3)希望他多和父母沟通交流以及缓解学习压力的方法
(4)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称;
(5)词数80左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。
Dear Tm,
I am srry t hear that yu quarreled with yur parents abut playing mbile phne games.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes t yu!
Yurs，
Jhn
【参考范文】
Dear Tm,
I am srry t hear that yu quarreled with yur parents abut playing mbile phne games.
Yu spent t much time playing games that yu frgt when t sleep and yu felt t sleepy and tired t listen t the teachers in class the next day. Because f these, yu became pr in yur study. Yur mther gt angry with yu. Yu felt bad abut this.
Firstly, I think yu shuld stp playing games. Yu can use mbile phne t search fr infrmatin, and lk up new wrds and learning materials. It is a useful tl fr yur study.
Secndly, yu need t cmmunicate with yur parents and teachers, and let them knw yur prblems. They will help yu. At the same time, they will frgive yu fr yur mistakes.
I hpe my suggestins are f great value t yu.
Best wishes t yu!
Yurs,
Jhn
Ages 2—3
◆Help make the bed;
◆Pick up tys and bks;
◆Take laundry (要洗的衣服) t the laundry rm;
◆Help feed pets.
Ages 4—5
◆Clear and set the table;
◆Help ck dinner;
◆Put away grceries (食品杂货).
Ages 6—8
◆Take care f pets;
◆Take ut the rubbish.
Ages 9—12
◆Help wash the car;
◆Learn t wash the dishes;
◆Clean the bathrm.