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湖南省长沙市明德中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第三次月考英语试题
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这是一份湖南省长沙市明德中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第三次月考英语试题，共9页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37， I bargained等内容，欢迎下载使用。
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
命题: 高一备课组 审定: 周慧
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Why Subscribe t Reader’s Digest?
The wrld’s best-lved general-interest publicatin cntains smething fr everyne. Reader’s Digest magazine is bursting with stries, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jkes and anecdtes. Each issue is small enugh t fit in yur handbag r pcket, but big enugh t keep yu entertained fr weeks n end.
Frm regular clumns packed with infrmatin t gripping(扣人心弦的) human-interest stries and helpful hw-ts, ur magazine ffers knwledge, psitivity and humur. In this mnth’s issue yu’ll find...
An interview with Hugh Dancy:
The newest additin t the leading rles f the TV series Dwntn Abbey n New Yrk, Law & Order, and the nstalgia(怀旧) f playing an English gentleman.
Saving the sund f the Stradivaius:
Meet the experts fighting t save the unbeatable sund f histry’s greatest vilins, meeting the lve f her life.
Cmmunity Pwer:
Acrss the UK, cmmunities are cming tgether t save their pubs, shps, and mre.
If Grace Dent ruled the wrld:
The restaurant critic shares her manifest(宣言) fr wrld dminatin.
SUBSCRIBE TODAY FROM AS LITTLE AS £22.99
Our best price yet — It’s nly £22.99 fr a full ne-year subscriptin — A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £47.88 retail price — and what’s mre, we will deliver it direct t yur dr fr free!
If yu dn’t want t cmmit t a full year, we have the perfect taster package.
TRIAL NOW with 3 Issues fr ONLY £3!
Plus, make sure yu always keep up t date with all f the tp stries, news and prmtins frm Reader’s Digest by subscribing t ur weekly newsletter.
21. Hw ften des the magazine cme ut?
A. Annually.B. Daily.C. Weekly.D. Mnthly.
22. If readers want t knw abut an actr, which ne shuld they read?
A. Cmmunity Pwer.B. If Grace Dent ruled the wrld.
C. An interview with Hugh Dancy.D. Saving the sund f the Stradivaius.
23. Hw much will yu save if yu take ut a full ne-year subscriptin tday?
A. £22.99.B. £3.C. £47.88.D. £24.89.
B
“The muntains are calling and I must g” — the famus qute is frm Jhn Muir (1838-1914), wh is described as “the wilderness pet” and “the citizen f the universe.” He nce jkingly referred t himself as a “pet-gelgist-btanist and rnithlgist(鸟类学家) -naturalist etc. etc.!” He is knwn as the Father f American Natinal Parks.
Famed dcumentary filmmaker Ken Burns recently said, “As we gt t knw him… he was amng the highest individuals in America; I’m talking abut the level f Abraham Lincln, Martin Luther King Jr., and Thmas Jeffersn — peple wh have had a transfrmatinal effect n wh we are.”
S where is the qute frm? Well, Jhn Muir was a prductive writer. Whether he was writing petry r simply letters t his family, Jhn Muir was always putting pen t paper. The qute is frm within ne f his many letters written t his sister:
24. What can we learn frm Jhn Muir’s self-descriptin in Paragraph 1?
A. He lnged t expand his wn career.B. He valued his identity as a pet mst.
C. He wanted t find his real advantage.D. He enjyed his invlvement in nature.
25. What did Ken Burns mainly talk abut?
A. Muir’s plitical influence.B. A dcumentary film n Muir.
C. Muir’s histric significance.D. The scial circle arund Muir.
26. Hw did Muir feel when writing the first paragraph f his letter?
A. Excited but lnely.B. Exhausted but cntent.C. Relieved but regretful.D. Defeated but hpeful.
27. Why must Jhn Muir g int muntains again?
A. T g n with his muntain studies.B. T seek freedm frm scial cnnectin.
C. T attend an appintment in Oakland.D. T experience the hardship f wilderness.
C
“Why des Grandpa have ear hair?” Just a few years ag my child was s curius t knw “why” and “hw” that we had t cut ff her questins five minutes befre bedtime. Nw a sn-t-be furth grader, she says that she dislikes schl because “it’s nt fun t learn.” I am shcked. As a scientist and parent, I have dne everything I can t prmte a lve f learning in my children. Where did I g wrng?
My child’s experience is nt unique. Develpmental psychlgist Susan Engel ntes that curisity — defined as “spntaneus(自发的) investigatin and eagerness fr new infrmatin” — drps dramatically in children by the furth grade.
In Wnder: Childhd and the Lifelng Lve f Science, Yale psychlgist Frank C. Keil details the develpment f wnder — a spntaneus passin t explre, discver, and understand. He takes us n a jurney frm its early develpment, when wnder drives cmmn sense and scientific reasning, thrugh the drp-ff in wnder that ften ccurs, t the trap f life in a sciety that devalues wnder.
As Keil ntes, children are particularly rich in wnder while they are rapidly develping causal mechanisms(因果机制) in the preschl and early elementary schl years. They are sensitive t the thers’ knwledge and gals, and they expertly use their desire fr questining. Children’s questins, particularly thse abut “why” and “hw”, supprt the develpment f causal mechanisms which can be used t help their day-t-day reasning.
Unfrtunately, as Keil ntes, “adults greatly underestimate yung children’s causal mechanisms.” In the bk, Wnder, Keil shws that we can supprt children’s nging wnder by playing games with them as partners, encuraging questin-asking, and fcusing n their abilities t reasn and cnclude.
A decline in wnder is nt unavidable. Keil reminds us that we can accept wnder as a desirable psitive quality that exists in everyne. I value wnder deeply, and Wnder has given me hpe by prpsing a future fr my children that will remain wnder-full.
28. What is a cmmn prblem amng furth graders?
A. They upset their parents t ften.B. They ask t many strange questins.
C. Their lve fr fun disappears quickly. D. Their desire t learn declines sharply.
29. What can be inferred abut children’s causal mechanisms in Paragraph 4?
A. They cntrl children’s sensitivity.
B. They slightly change in early childhd.
C. They hardly supprt children’s reasning.
D. They develp thrugh children’s questining.
30. Hw can parents supprt children’s nging wnder accrding t Keil?
A. By mnitring their games.B. By welcming inquiring minds.
C. By estimating their abilities.D. By prviding reasnable cnclusins.
31. What is the text?
A. A bk review. B. A news reprt. C. A research paper. D. A children’s jurnal.
D
Ariel Prcaccia has thught a lt abut hw t cut a cake ver the last 15 years. As the father f three children, he knws hw hard it is t divide a birthday cake t everyne’s satisfactin. But it’s als because Prcaccia’s wrk fcuses n explring the mathematical rules fr dividing stuff up fairly. One way t d that is t think abstractly abut dessert.
Fr decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple questin f hw t cut a cake fairly. The answer reaches far beynd birthday parties. A mathematical prblem at its heart, cake cutting cnnects strict reasning t real-wrld issues f fairness, and s attracts nt nly mathematicians, but als scial scientists, ecnmists and mre. “It’s a very elegant mdel in which yu can distill what fairness really is, and reasn abut it,” Prcaccia says.
The simplest apprach f cake-cutting is called the “divider-chser” methd, where ne persn cuts the cake int tw equal pieces in his view, and the ther persn picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as valuable as the ther’s. But when persnal preferences are taken int accunt, even the easiest rule becmes cmplicated. Suppse Alice and Bb are t divide a cake, and Alice knws Bb prefers chclate, she may knwingly divide the cake unequally s the smaller piece cntains mre chclate. Then Bb will chse accrding t his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Bth f them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning f fairness changes in this situatin.
The cake is a symbl fr any divisible gd. When cake-cutting principles are emplyed t settling disagreements, they are ptentially helping the wrld find slutins. Prcaccia has used fair divisin algrithms(算法) t mdel fd distributin. Scial scientist Haris Aziz is explring situatins ranging frm hw t divide up daily tasks t hw t best schedule dctrs’ shifts in hspitals.
Even after decades f investigatin, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle(拼图) with a well-defined slutin. Instead, ver time, it has evlved int a kind f mathematical sandbx, a cnstructive playgrund that brings tgether abstract prfs and easy applicatins. The mre researchers explre it, the mre there is t explre.
32. What des the underlined wrd “distill” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Get the essence f.B. Find the prblem f.C. Keep the fcus n.D. Reduce the impact n.
33. What can we learn abut fairness frm the example given in paragraph 3?
A. Its standard is stable.B. It prevents unequal divisin.
C. Its cncept is changeable.D. It cntrls persnal preferences.
34. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut cncerning cake cutting?
A. The applicatin f its rules.B. The details f its prcess.
C. The prblems it prduces.D. The harmny it symblizes.
35. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Wh benefits mst frm fairness?
B. Hw has fairness changed ver time?
C. What methd wrks best in cake-cutting?
D. Why are researchers s interested in cake-cutting?
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Refresh Yur Bedrm
Whether yu’ve utgrwn the theme f yur bedrm r just want t make a few changes t give it an updated lk, yu dn’t need a big budget t make it happen. 36
Clear ut the clutter(杂乱)
Befre yu start freshening up yur space, take a lk arund t see what culd give away t smene wh culd use it. Ask an adult fr tw bags r bxes, ne fr items yu want t dnate and ne fr anything that can g directly in the trash. 37
Think abut light
One simple rm update that has a big impact is switching up yur lighting. 38 Or yu culd try nen wall lights r a retr lava lamp n a nightstand r desk. Mving a lamp t yur rm, with permissin frm an adult, can als add sft lighting t yur space.
Cnsider clr
39 Ask an adult if they’re willing t help yu paint an accent wall in yur rm. An accent wall is a gd chance t take a risk with clr since it’s nly ne wall. Yu can chse t paint the wall behind yur headbard r even a clset dr. If yu dn’t want t paint, yu culd check ut peel-and-stick wallpaper in fun patterns.
Layer yur space
Ask a parent whether yur family has extra blankets r pillws yu culd use in yur rm. They will add new clrs, textures, and patterns that will instantly liven up the lk and feel f yur space.
40
Persnalize yur rm with phts f family and friends. Yu can ask a parent fr any spare picture frames r pick sme up tgether at a shp. Print ut phts and frame them fr display. Yu culd als frame yur wn artwrk t hang n a wall r prp up n a dresser.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mther tk an annual vacatin all by herself. It was just tw 41 visiting an ut-f-twn family and perhaps a little sightseeing n the way. It 42 when I was thirteen and ld enugh t lk after my yunger brther.
Why culdn’t we 43 ? I culdn’t get acrss the idea. My mther’s answer was always frank and t the pint: “I need a 44 frm yu guys fr a cuple f days.” I culdn’t 45 that reasning until twenty-five years later.
I am 46 , respnsible fr mst f the husehld tasks. I als hld a jb and 47 my family and ld parents. My husband asks abut the vacatin this year. I lk up at the bathrm sink, 48 again. “Anywhere,” I answer, “as lng as it’s 49 .” He desn’t understand, lking 50 .
But nw I d. I understand the need fr every sl(个人的) vacatin my mther ever tk. My first 51 was t Bermuda. Fr five days, there were n blcked sinks, grcery lists, wrk deadlines, r 52 family members. Instead, there was nly peace and the pprtunity t d 53 what I wanted t d. It was amazing. I 54 three punds and came hme with perfect dark skin and renewed 55 . I decide in the future whenever I feel verwhelmed(不堪重负) r like I need a break, I take ne.
41. A. hursB. weeksC. mnthsD. years
42. A. startedB. appearedC. grwnD. changed
43. A. head ffB. help utC. g alngD. wander abut
44. A. stpB. breakC. helpD. reasn
45. A. understandB. btherC. claimD. appreciate
46. A. ntedB. trainedC. marriedD. educated
47. A. care frB. rely nC. turn tD. fllw up
48. A. cveredB. filledC. blckedD. stuck
49. A. independentB. distantC. alneD. cnvenient
50. A. cncernedB. annyedC. fcusedD. puzzled
51. A. planB. tripC. decisinD. answer
52. A. demandingB. depressingC. agingD. encuraging
53. A. generallyB. speciallyC. brieflyD. exactly
54. A. gainedB. bughtC. tkD. lacked
55. A. bdyB. spiritC. scheduleD. pressure
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Yuyu, a Chinese scientist, became the first female scientist frm China 56 (receive) a Nbel Prize fr her cntributin in fighting against malaria — ne f the 57 (deadly) diseases in human histry. Her discvery f qinghasu helped increase the 58 (survive) rate f malaria patients wrldwide. Brn in 1930 in Ningb, Zhejiang Prvince, Tu studied medicine at a university in Beijing frm 1951 t 1955. She cmpleted further training 59 (curse) in traditinal Chinese medicine befre jining the Academy f Traditinal Chinese Medicine. In the 1960s, she became head f a team 60 was searching fr a cure fr malaria. After cllecting ver 2,000 traditinal Chinese medical recipes and 61 (make) hundreds f extracts frm different herbs, Tu eventually discvered qinghasu extract that culd treat malaria in mice. 62 facing several challenges, including lack f research equipment and 63 (safe) data, Tu and her team never gave up and finally discvered qinghasu in Nvember 1972. Since then, it 64 (benefit) abut 200 millin malaria patients wrldwide. In her Nbel Lecture, Tu encuraged scientists t explre mre traditinal Chinese medicine and raise 65 t a higher level.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 你校英语社组织学生对近二十年人们旅游出行方式的变化进行了一个暑期问卷调查，请你根据调查结果提供的信息写一篇报告，内容包括：
1. 分析图表数据；
2. 简述变化的原因；
3. 预测未来趋势。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Reprt n travel mde preferences
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A cuple f mnths befre I started high schl, my parents gave me the greatest gift any teenage by culd ask fr: a cellphne. I lived n that phne all summer with my face buried in its screen. I ignred my family and my surrundings. Being cnnected was mre imprtant than being present.
S, yu can imagine my displeasure when I learned what my dad had planned fr ur family vacatin that year. “This year,” my dad said, “we’ll be ding smething special. We’re ging camping!” His excitement was met with a disappinted sigh. It wasn’t my dream vacatin because my mind was n my phne. I was s buried in the screen, in fact, that the first time I can remember truly lking up was when we drve acrss a bridge n the way t ur campsite.
I stared ut the windw and saw redwds twering abve us, their branches threatening t pierce(刺破) the blue sky. I saw a raring river, with silky black water appearing between crashing white rapids. The air blwing int the car frm the pen windws was ht. But nne f that mattered t me. The reasn I had lked up was fr smething far mre serius: my phne n lnger had service.
The last hur f the drive was increasingly tense. My dad annunced that he had chsen a campsite that had n cell service, and that my phne wuld be useless until we returned hme. I wuld be trapped in the frest fr fur days with n way t cntact the utside wrld! I went thrugh the full cycle f teenage emtins during the first day f the trip. I raged(发怒). I bargained. I begged. I flip-flpped (转变) between depressin and anger.
I went t bed angrily that night. But when I awke in the mrning, smething had changed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Instead f burying myself in my phne, I fcused n smething else: my surrundings.
Paragraph 2:
The next fur days passed in a flash with many fun activities.
September 3rd, 1873
Ysemite Valley
Dear sister Sarah,
I have just returned frm the lngest and hardest trip I have ever made in the muntains, having been gne ver five weeks. I am weary, but resting fast; sleepy, but sleeping deep and fast; hungry, but eating much. Fr tw weeks I explred the glaciers f the summits east f here, sleeping amng the snwy muntains withut blankets and with little t eat n accunt f its being s inaccessible. After my icy experiences it seems strange t be dwn here in s warm and flwery a climate.
I will sn be ff again, determined t use all the seasn in carrying thrugh my wrk — will g next t Kings River a hundred miles suth, then t Lake Tahe and surrunding muntains, and in winter wrk in Oakland with my pen.
Thugh slw, smeday I will have the results f my muntain studies in a frm in which yu all will be able t read and judge f them. The muntains are calling and I must g, and I will wrk n while I can, studying incessantly(永不停息地).
I will write again when I return frm Kings River Canyn.
Farewell, with lve everlasting.
Yurs,
Jhn
A. Pick up phts.
B. Add persnal tuches.
C. Lighting is actually an essential decratin f a rm.
D. One idea is t hang inexpensive LED string lights n a wall.
E. Anther inexpensive change that can have big results is paint.
F. With a few smart strategies, yu can give yur rm a whle new feel.
G. Once yur rm is neat, yu can see what changes yu might want t make.
2023-2024-2明德中学高一下第三次月考
（参考答案）
第一部分 听力
1—5 6—10
11—15 16—20
第二部分 阅读
第一节 短文理解
21—23 DCD 24—27 DCBA
28—31 DDBA 32—35 ACAD
第二节 七选五
36—40 FGDEB
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
41—45 BACBA 46—50 CACCD
51—55 BCDAB
第二节 语法填空
56. t receive 57. deadliest
58. survival59. curses
60. that / which 61. making
62. Despite63. safety
64. has benefited65. it
第四部分 写作
第一节
Reprt n travel mde preferences
Recently, an investigatin n travel mde preferences has been carried ut. As can be apparently shwn frm the chart that the prprtin/percentage f all transprtatin has increased except fr bus. The past tw decades witnessed a rise in plane, high-speed train and private car usage, and highlights a significant increase in high-speed train usage, up by apprximately 30%. In 2002, bus travel was dminant at 75%, hwever, declined t 28% in 2022. (r: High-speed train shw a significant rise f apprximately 30%, which is the biggest increase. In 2004, buses dminated at 75%, but by 2024, their usage had declined t 28%. )
Air travel has gained ppularity fr increased affrdability and cnvenience. High-speed rail has als surged due t reduced travel time and imprved cmfrt levels. Private car usage has risen due t grwing affluence and flexibility. Cnversely, bus travel has declined due t faster and mre cnvenient alternatives. (r: Air travel and high-speed rail gained ppularity due t cnvenience and imprved cmfrt levels, while private car usage rse fr its flexibility. Cnversely, bus travel declined due t lng travel time. )
Lking ahead, air travel alng with high-speed rail is expected t cntinue grwing. Private car usage may steadily increase as incme levels rise, while bus travel is likely t keep declining.
第二节
Instead f burying myself in my phne, I fcused n smething else: my surrundings. I let the nise f the wilderness wash ver me, animals and bugs creating sunds that were bth lud and peaceful at the same time. My anger turned t peace, then little interest and, finally, excitement. Standing n the high campsite, I felt the weight f stress melt frm my shulders as I viewed the vast expanse that unflded belw me. The unique sight that met my eyes nearly tk my breath away. Fr the first time, I thught camping in a place that had n cell service might nt be s bad.
The next fur days passed in a flash with many fun activities. I hiked. I swam. I fished. My dad and I learned hw t start a fire tgether after several false starts. We cked tgether and I ate the sweetest marshmallws I had ever tasted. Dad tld me stries f his life, stries I had never heard r perhaps I hadn’t been listening. When the weekend came t an end, I realized I hadn’t thught f my phne nce. I hadn’t felt the need t be cnnected t anywhere else. It dawned n me that what mattered mst were the mments I was sharing with just my family and nature.
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
命题: 高一备课组 审定: 周慧
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Why Subscribe t Reader’s Digest?
The wrld’s best-lved general-interest publicatin cntains smething fr everyne. Reader’s Digest magazine is bursting with stries, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jkes and anecdtes. Each issue is small enugh t fit in yur handbag r pcket, but big enugh t keep yu entertained fr weeks n end.
Frm regular clumns packed with infrmatin t gripping(扣人心弦的) human-interest stries and helpful hw-ts, ur magazine ffers knwledge, psitivity and humur. In this mnth’s issue yu’ll find...
An interview with Hugh Dancy:
The newest additin t the leading rles f the TV series Dwntn Abbey n New Yrk, Law & Order, and the nstalgia(怀旧) f playing an English gentleman.
Saving the sund f the Stradivaius:
Meet the experts fighting t save the unbeatable sund f histry’s greatest vilins, meeting the lve f her life.
Cmmunity Pwer:
Acrss the UK, cmmunities are cming tgether t save their pubs, shps, and mre.
If Grace Dent ruled the wrld:
The restaurant critic shares her manifest(宣言) fr wrld dminatin.
SUBSCRIBE TODAY FROM AS LITTLE AS £22.99
Our best price yet — It’s nly £22.99 fr a full ne-year subscriptin — A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £47.88 retail price — and what’s mre, we will deliver it direct t yur dr fr free!
If yu dn’t want t cmmit t a full year, we have the perfect taster package.
TRIAL NOW with 3 Issues fr ONLY £3!
Plus, make sure yu always keep up t date with all f the tp stries, news and prmtins frm Reader’s Digest by subscribing t ur weekly newsletter.
21. Hw ften des the magazine cme ut?
A. Annually.B. Daily.C. Weekly.D. Mnthly.
22. If readers want t knw abut an actr, which ne shuld they read?
A. Cmmunity Pwer.B. If Grace Dent ruled the wrld.
C. An interview with Hugh Dancy.D. Saving the sund f the Stradivaius.
23. Hw much will yu save if yu take ut a full ne-year subscriptin tday?
A. £22.99.B. £3.C. £47.88.D. £24.89.
B
“The muntains are calling and I must g” — the famus qute is frm Jhn Muir (1838-1914), wh is described as “the wilderness pet” and “the citizen f the universe.” He nce jkingly referred t himself as a “pet-gelgist-btanist and rnithlgist(鸟类学家) -naturalist etc. etc.!” He is knwn as the Father f American Natinal Parks.
Famed dcumentary filmmaker Ken Burns recently said, “As we gt t knw him… he was amng the highest individuals in America; I’m talking abut the level f Abraham Lincln, Martin Luther King Jr., and Thmas Jeffersn — peple wh have had a transfrmatinal effect n wh we are.”
S where is the qute frm? Well, Jhn Muir was a prductive writer. Whether he was writing petry r simply letters t his family, Jhn Muir was always putting pen t paper. The qute is frm within ne f his many letters written t his sister:
24. What can we learn frm Jhn Muir’s self-descriptin in Paragraph 1?
A. He lnged t expand his wn career.B. He valued his identity as a pet mst.
C. He wanted t find his real advantage.D. He enjyed his invlvement in nature.
25. What did Ken Burns mainly talk abut?
A. Muir’s plitical influence.B. A dcumentary film n Muir.
C. Muir’s histric significance.D. The scial circle arund Muir.
26. Hw did Muir feel when writing the first paragraph f his letter?
A. Excited but lnely.B. Exhausted but cntent.C. Relieved but regretful.D. Defeated but hpeful.
27. Why must Jhn Muir g int muntains again?
A. T g n with his muntain studies.B. T seek freedm frm scial cnnectin.
C. T attend an appintment in Oakland.D. T experience the hardship f wilderness.
C
“Why des Grandpa have ear hair?” Just a few years ag my child was s curius t knw “why” and “hw” that we had t cut ff her questins five minutes befre bedtime. Nw a sn-t-be furth grader, she says that she dislikes schl because “it’s nt fun t learn.” I am shcked. As a scientist and parent, I have dne everything I can t prmte a lve f learning in my children. Where did I g wrng?
My child’s experience is nt unique. Develpmental psychlgist Susan Engel ntes that curisity — defined as “spntaneus(自发的) investigatin and eagerness fr new infrmatin” — drps dramatically in children by the furth grade.
In Wnder: Childhd and the Lifelng Lve f Science, Yale psychlgist Frank C. Keil details the develpment f wnder — a spntaneus passin t explre, discver, and understand. He takes us n a jurney frm its early develpment, when wnder drives cmmn sense and scientific reasning, thrugh the drp-ff in wnder that ften ccurs, t the trap f life in a sciety that devalues wnder.
As Keil ntes, children are particularly rich in wnder while they are rapidly develping causal mechanisms(因果机制) in the preschl and early elementary schl years. They are sensitive t the thers’ knwledge and gals, and they expertly use their desire fr questining. Children’s questins, particularly thse abut “why” and “hw”, supprt the develpment f causal mechanisms which can be used t help their day-t-day reasning.
Unfrtunately, as Keil ntes, “adults greatly underestimate yung children’s causal mechanisms.” In the bk, Wnder, Keil shws that we can supprt children’s nging wnder by playing games with them as partners, encuraging questin-asking, and fcusing n their abilities t reasn and cnclude.
A decline in wnder is nt unavidable. Keil reminds us that we can accept wnder as a desirable psitive quality that exists in everyne. I value wnder deeply, and Wnder has given me hpe by prpsing a future fr my children that will remain wnder-full.
28. What is a cmmn prblem amng furth graders?
A. They upset their parents t ften.B. They ask t many strange questins.
C. Their lve fr fun disappears quickly. D. Their desire t learn declines sharply.
29. What can be inferred abut children’s causal mechanisms in Paragraph 4?
A. They cntrl children’s sensitivity.
B. They slightly change in early childhd.
C. They hardly supprt children’s reasning.
D. They develp thrugh children’s questining.
30. Hw can parents supprt children’s nging wnder accrding t Keil?
A. By mnitring their games.B. By welcming inquiring minds.
C. By estimating their abilities.D. By prviding reasnable cnclusins.
31. What is the text?
A. A bk review. B. A news reprt. C. A research paper. D. A children’s jurnal.
D
Ariel Prcaccia has thught a lt abut hw t cut a cake ver the last 15 years. As the father f three children, he knws hw hard it is t divide a birthday cake t everyne’s satisfactin. But it’s als because Prcaccia’s wrk fcuses n explring the mathematical rules fr dividing stuff up fairly. One way t d that is t think abstractly abut dessert.
Fr decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple questin f hw t cut a cake fairly. The answer reaches far beynd birthday parties. A mathematical prblem at its heart, cake cutting cnnects strict reasning t real-wrld issues f fairness, and s attracts nt nly mathematicians, but als scial scientists, ecnmists and mre. “It’s a very elegant mdel in which yu can distill what fairness really is, and reasn abut it,” Prcaccia says.
The simplest apprach f cake-cutting is called the “divider-chser” methd, where ne persn cuts the cake int tw equal pieces in his view, and the ther persn picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as valuable as the ther’s. But when persnal preferences are taken int accunt, even the easiest rule becmes cmplicated. Suppse Alice and Bb are t divide a cake, and Alice knws Bb prefers chclate, she may knwingly divide the cake unequally s the smaller piece cntains mre chclate. Then Bb will chse accrding t his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Bth f them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning f fairness changes in this situatin.
The cake is a symbl fr any divisible gd. When cake-cutting principles are emplyed t settling disagreements, they are ptentially helping the wrld find slutins. Prcaccia has used fair divisin algrithms(算法) t mdel fd distributin. Scial scientist Haris Aziz is explring situatins ranging frm hw t divide up daily tasks t hw t best schedule dctrs’ shifts in hspitals.
Even after decades f investigatin, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle(拼图) with a well-defined slutin. Instead, ver time, it has evlved int a kind f mathematical sandbx, a cnstructive playgrund that brings tgether abstract prfs and easy applicatins. The mre researchers explre it, the mre there is t explre.
32. What des the underlined wrd “distill” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Get the essence f.B. Find the prblem f.C. Keep the fcus n.D. Reduce the impact n.
33. What can we learn abut fairness frm the example given in paragraph 3?
A. Its standard is stable.B. It prevents unequal divisin.
C. Its cncept is changeable.D. It cntrls persnal preferences.
34. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut cncerning cake cutting?
A. The applicatin f its rules.B. The details f its prcess.
C. The prblems it prduces.D. The harmny it symblizes.
35. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Wh benefits mst frm fairness?
B. Hw has fairness changed ver time?
C. What methd wrks best in cake-cutting?
D. Why are researchers s interested in cake-cutting?
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Refresh Yur Bedrm
Whether yu’ve utgrwn the theme f yur bedrm r just want t make a few changes t give it an updated lk, yu dn’t need a big budget t make it happen. 36
Clear ut the clutter(杂乱)
Befre yu start freshening up yur space, take a lk arund t see what culd give away t smene wh culd use it. Ask an adult fr tw bags r bxes, ne fr items yu want t dnate and ne fr anything that can g directly in the trash. 37
Think abut light
One simple rm update that has a big impact is switching up yur lighting. 38 Or yu culd try nen wall lights r a retr lava lamp n a nightstand r desk. Mving a lamp t yur rm, with permissin frm an adult, can als add sft lighting t yur space.
Cnsider clr
39 Ask an adult if they’re willing t help yu paint an accent wall in yur rm. An accent wall is a gd chance t take a risk with clr since it’s nly ne wall. Yu can chse t paint the wall behind yur headbard r even a clset dr. If yu dn’t want t paint, yu culd check ut peel-and-stick wallpaper in fun patterns.
Layer yur space
Ask a parent whether yur family has extra blankets r pillws yu culd use in yur rm. They will add new clrs, textures, and patterns that will instantly liven up the lk and feel f yur space.
40
Persnalize yur rm with phts f family and friends. Yu can ask a parent fr any spare picture frames r pick sme up tgether at a shp. Print ut phts and frame them fr display. Yu culd als frame yur wn artwrk t hang n a wall r prp up n a dresser.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mther tk an annual vacatin all by herself. It was just tw 41 visiting an ut-f-twn family and perhaps a little sightseeing n the way. It 42 when I was thirteen and ld enugh t lk after my yunger brther.
Why culdn’t we 43 ? I culdn’t get acrss the idea. My mther’s answer was always frank and t the pint: “I need a 44 frm yu guys fr a cuple f days.” I culdn’t 45 that reasning until twenty-five years later.
I am 46 , respnsible fr mst f the husehld tasks. I als hld a jb and 47 my family and ld parents. My husband asks abut the vacatin this year. I lk up at the bathrm sink, 48 again. “Anywhere,” I answer, “as lng as it’s 49 .” He desn’t understand, lking 50 .
But nw I d. I understand the need fr every sl(个人的) vacatin my mther ever tk. My first 51 was t Bermuda. Fr five days, there were n blcked sinks, grcery lists, wrk deadlines, r 52 family members. Instead, there was nly peace and the pprtunity t d 53 what I wanted t d. It was amazing. I 54 three punds and came hme with perfect dark skin and renewed 55 . I decide in the future whenever I feel verwhelmed(不堪重负) r like I need a break, I take ne.
41. A. hursB. weeksC. mnthsD. years
42. A. startedB. appearedC. grwnD. changed
43. A. head ffB. help utC. g alngD. wander abut
44. A. stpB. breakC. helpD. reasn
45. A. understandB. btherC. claimD. appreciate
46. A. ntedB. trainedC. marriedD. educated
47. A. care frB. rely nC. turn tD. fllw up
48. A. cveredB. filledC. blckedD. stuck
49. A. independentB. distantC. alneD. cnvenient
50. A. cncernedB. annyedC. fcusedD. puzzled
51. A. planB. tripC. decisinD. answer
52. A. demandingB. depressingC. agingD. encuraging
53. A. generallyB. speciallyC. brieflyD. exactly
54. A. gainedB. bughtC. tkD. lacked
55. A. bdyB. spiritC. scheduleD. pressure
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Yuyu, a Chinese scientist, became the first female scientist frm China 56 (receive) a Nbel Prize fr her cntributin in fighting against malaria — ne f the 57 (deadly) diseases in human histry. Her discvery f qinghasu helped increase the 58 (survive) rate f malaria patients wrldwide. Brn in 1930 in Ningb, Zhejiang Prvince, Tu studied medicine at a university in Beijing frm 1951 t 1955. She cmpleted further training 59 (curse) in traditinal Chinese medicine befre jining the Academy f Traditinal Chinese Medicine. In the 1960s, she became head f a team 60 was searching fr a cure fr malaria. After cllecting ver 2,000 traditinal Chinese medical recipes and 61 (make) hundreds f extracts frm different herbs, Tu eventually discvered qinghasu extract that culd treat malaria in mice. 62 facing several challenges, including lack f research equipment and 63 (safe) data, Tu and her team never gave up and finally discvered qinghasu in Nvember 1972. Since then, it 64 (benefit) abut 200 millin malaria patients wrldwide. In her Nbel Lecture, Tu encuraged scientists t explre mre traditinal Chinese medicine and raise 65 t a higher level.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 你校英语社组织学生对近二十年人们旅游出行方式的变化进行了一个暑期问卷调查，请你根据调查结果提供的信息写一篇报告，内容包括：
1. 分析图表数据；
2. 简述变化的原因；
3. 预测未来趋势。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Reprt n travel mde preferences
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A cuple f mnths befre I started high schl, my parents gave me the greatest gift any teenage by culd ask fr: a cellphne. I lived n that phne all summer with my face buried in its screen. I ignred my family and my surrundings. Being cnnected was mre imprtant than being present.
S, yu can imagine my displeasure when I learned what my dad had planned fr ur family vacatin that year. “This year,” my dad said, “we’ll be ding smething special. We’re ging camping!” His excitement was met with a disappinted sigh. It wasn’t my dream vacatin because my mind was n my phne. I was s buried in the screen, in fact, that the first time I can remember truly lking up was when we drve acrss a bridge n the way t ur campsite.
I stared ut the windw and saw redwds twering abve us, their branches threatening t pierce(刺破) the blue sky. I saw a raring river, with silky black water appearing between crashing white rapids. The air blwing int the car frm the pen windws was ht. But nne f that mattered t me. The reasn I had lked up was fr smething far mre serius: my phne n lnger had service.
The last hur f the drive was increasingly tense. My dad annunced that he had chsen a campsite that had n cell service, and that my phne wuld be useless until we returned hme. I wuld be trapped in the frest fr fur days with n way t cntact the utside wrld! I went thrugh the full cycle f teenage emtins during the first day f the trip. I raged(发怒). I bargained. I begged. I flip-flpped (转变) between depressin and anger.
I went t bed angrily that night. But when I awke in the mrning, smething had changed.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Instead f burying myself in my phne, I fcused n smething else: my surrundings.
Paragraph 2:
The next fur days passed in a flash with many fun activities.
September 3rd, 1873
Ysemite Valley
Dear sister Sarah,
I have just returned frm the lngest and hardest trip I have ever made in the muntains, having been gne ver five weeks. I am weary, but resting fast; sleepy, but sleeping deep and fast; hungry, but eating much. Fr tw weeks I explred the glaciers f the summits east f here, sleeping amng the snwy muntains withut blankets and with little t eat n accunt f its being s inaccessible. After my icy experiences it seems strange t be dwn here in s warm and flwery a climate.
I will sn be ff again, determined t use all the seasn in carrying thrugh my wrk — will g next t Kings River a hundred miles suth, then t Lake Tahe and surrunding muntains, and in winter wrk in Oakland with my pen.
Thugh slw, smeday I will have the results f my muntain studies in a frm in which yu all will be able t read and judge f them. The muntains are calling and I must g, and I will wrk n while I can, studying incessantly(永不停息地).
I will write again when I return frm Kings River Canyn.
Farewell, with lve everlasting.
Yurs,
Jhn
A. Pick up phts.
B. Add persnal tuches.
C. Lighting is actually an essential decratin f a rm.
D. One idea is t hang inexpensive LED string lights n a wall.
E. Anther inexpensive change that can have big results is paint.
F. With a few smart strategies, yu can give yur rm a whle new feel.
G. Once yur rm is neat, yu can see what changes yu might want t make.
2023-2024-2明德中学高一下第三次月考
（参考答案）
第一部分 听力
1—5 6—10
11—15 16—20
第二部分 阅读
第一节 短文理解
21—23 DCD 24—27 DCBA
28—31 DDBA 32—35 ACAD
第二节 七选五
36—40 FGDEB
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
41—45 BACBA 46—50 CACCD
51—55 BCDAB
第二节 语法填空
56. t receive 57. deadliest
58. survival59. curses
60. that / which 61. making
62. Despite63. safety
64. has benefited65. it
第四部分 写作
第一节
Reprt n travel mde preferences
Recently, an investigatin n travel mde preferences has been carried ut. As can be apparently shwn frm the chart that the prprtin/percentage f all transprtatin has increased except fr bus. The past tw decades witnessed a rise in plane, high-speed train and private car usage, and highlights a significant increase in high-speed train usage, up by apprximately 30%. In 2002, bus travel was dminant at 75%, hwever, declined t 28% in 2022. (r: High-speed train shw a significant rise f apprximately 30%, which is the biggest increase. In 2004, buses dminated at 75%, but by 2024, their usage had declined t 28%. )
Air travel has gained ppularity fr increased affrdability and cnvenience. High-speed rail has als surged due t reduced travel time and imprved cmfrt levels. Private car usage has risen due t grwing affluence and flexibility. Cnversely, bus travel has declined due t faster and mre cnvenient alternatives. (r: Air travel and high-speed rail gained ppularity due t cnvenience and imprved cmfrt levels, while private car usage rse fr its flexibility. Cnversely, bus travel declined due t lng travel time. )
Lking ahead, air travel alng with high-speed rail is expected t cntinue grwing. Private car usage may steadily increase as incme levels rise, while bus travel is likely t keep declining.
第二节
Instead f burying myself in my phne, I fcused n smething else: my surrundings. I let the nise f the wilderness wash ver me, animals and bugs creating sunds that were bth lud and peaceful at the same time. My anger turned t peace, then little interest and, finally, excitement. Standing n the high campsite, I felt the weight f stress melt frm my shulders as I viewed the vast expanse that unflded belw me. The unique sight that met my eyes nearly tk my breath away. Fr the first time, I thught camping in a place that had n cell service might nt be s bad.
The next fur days passed in a flash with many fun activities. I hiked. I swam. I fished. My dad and I learned hw t start a fire tgether after several false starts. We cked tgether and I ate the sweetest marshmallws I had ever tasted. Dad tld me stries f his life, stries I had never heard r perhaps I hadn’t been listening. When the weekend came t an end, I realized I hadn’t thught f my phne nce. I hadn’t felt the need t be cnnected t anywhere else. It dawned n me that what mattered mst were the mments I was sharing with just my family and nature.
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