2024年湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团中考二模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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阅读理解
A river is a flwing (流动的), mving stream f water. Usually a river feeds water int an cean, lake, r even anther river. Rivers can differ in size and there is n strict rule n hw big a flw f water must be t be called as a river. Here are the five lngest rivers in the wrld.
There are 76 rivers in the wrld ver 1, 000 miles lng. A lt f peple think that rivers always flw suth, but 4 f the 10 lngest rivers in the wrld flw nrth. The United States alne has arund 3. 5 millin miles f rivers. Fur f the tp 10 lngest rivers flw thrugh China at sme pint.
1. The Nile River is _________ lnger than the Yangtze River.
A. 155 milesB. 218 milesC. 233 miles
2. The Mississippi River ends at _________.
A. the Mediterranean Sea
B. the Gulf f Mexic
C. the Arctic Ocean
3. In which part f a magazine wuld yu mst prbably read the text?
A. Gegraphy. B. Science. C. Educatin.
阅读理解
Like subway systems all arund the wrld, there are tw main rules n the Lndn Undergrund—Please mind the gap (缝隙) and please give up yur seat fr smene wh needs it.
But Lndn’s 160-year-ld subway system is special because it als has tw unwritten rules—never make eye cntact and dn’t get t clse t the ther passengers. If yu d any f these things yu will break the balance, and the whle carriage (车厢) will give yu unfriendly stares.
On the “tube”, as it is knwn in England, peple d nt talk t ne anther, nr lk at ne anther. If they d make any eye cntact, they will lk away faster than yu can say srry. This is their way f being plite. A certain space is als kept between passengers. In crwded carriages, peple will press themselves t the dr at statin stps, s the carriage lks full when actually there is plenty f space.
Cnsidering persnal space, finding a seat n a crwded train is n easy task. Sme peple in England have created websites t explain hw t get ne. If yu are lucky enugh t nab (抢夺) ne r find yurself sitting in ne f the few special seats. Hwever, yu will be the fcus f the whle carriage and draw unwanted attentin t yurself, s yu can’t win.
Smetimes the train driver will make a jke ver the ludspeaker, saying smething like, “Hw is everyne ging n?” and the train tensin (紧张) will be brken at nce. A few peple will smile and realize that the unfriendly Undergrund envirnment is silly. But as sn as this mment passes it will be back t the unwritten rules: N eye cntact, and n tuching.
4. Why d peple avid making eye cntact n the Lndn Undergrund?
A. Because it is against the law.
B. Because it may result in friendly stares.
C. Because it is cnsidered implite.
5. What des the underlined part “yu can’t win” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Yu may get a lt f stares after getting a seat.
B. Yu may pay unnecessary attentin t ther peple.
C. Peple frm the whle carriage will cme t nab yur seat.
6. What can yu learn frm the passage?
A. The tw written rules make Lndn’s subway special.
B. It desn’t matter that yu tuch thers arund yu n the subway.
C. The driver’s jke can make the subway envirnment friendly fr a while.
7. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The histry f the subway systems in the wrld.
B. The unwritten rules f the Lndn Undergrund.
C. Lndn being famus as a gentlemen’s city.
阅读理解
Dng Yuhui, a 30-year-ld livestreaming (直播) hst fr East Buy, fund himself in an nline cntrversy (争议) that began n Dec. 5.
East Buy said that many f the things Dng said in his livestreams were written by the East Buy team, nt by himself. The then-CEO, Sun Dngxu, criticized Dng and the team, which made Dng’s fans upset.
Surprisingly this cntrversy made Dng even mre ppular. In just ne week, his Duyin fllwers increased by ver 3 millin, and Dng became vice president f New Oriental’s cultural and turism business.
Thugh his fame is rising, Dng remains humble. “I am nt gd-lking r tall. I dn’t knw why I have s many supprters.” he said.
Hwever, Xu Hanze, an assciate prfessr at Nanjing University f Aernautics and Astrnautics (南京航空航天大学), believes that Dng gt mre attentin because f his talent and intelligence, thanks t his habit f reading widely.
In the age f cnsumerism (消费主义), Dng des nt trick custmers int buying unnecessary prducts, but encurages them t think twice when shpping nline. He als puts mre effrts int educatinal activities and events t help farmers.
Dng believes that peple shuld nt wish t be the next Dng Yuhui. He said, “I want t tell ther yung livestreamers that they d nt need t be me, as each stry is mving in its wn way.” He went n t say that peple are nt the same prducts made n manufacturing lines, and that diversity (不同) is what makes peple special.
8. What was Dng Yuhui when the cntrversy happened?
A. The CEO fr East Buy.
B. A livestreaming hst fr East Buy.
C. The vice president f New Oriental’s cultural and turism business.
9. The underlined wrd “humble” in Paragraph 4 means “________” in Chinese.
A. 努力的B. 友好的C. 谦逊的
10. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Dng Yuhui gt mre Duyin fllwers after this event.
B. Dng Yuhui encurages peple t buy mre prducts in his livestreaming.
C. Xu Hanze believes Dng gt mre attentin nly because f his talent.
11. What did Dng express in his wrds?
A. Nt everyne can be a gd salespersn.
B. Cpying his way f selling prducts is unnecessary.
C. Diversity is a must t make livestreamers stand ut.
阅读理解
With everything that’s ging n in the wrld, it’s n wnder many f us have sleep prblems. It’s nrmal at night, especially when stress is keeping yu up. ____12____ Fr example, set the cmfrtable temperature and turn ff screens 30 minutes befre bed. Here are sme easier ways fr yu.
Test yur pillw. If yu bught yur pillw in 2020, it’s already ld. Experts suggest buying a new ne instead. ____13____ If nt, it can cause neck pain. When yur brain senses the pain, yu can’t sleep well.
Get an hur f sunlight each day. ____14____ It tells yur brain that it’s time t be awake. It als makes yu feel fresh in the mrning. It’s necessary t get abut 30 minutes’ direct light and tw 15-minute utdr breaks during the day. And the sunlight is helpful t have a gd sleep at night.
____15____ In a study, researchers fllwed 321 patients with high-salt fd and sleep prblems fr 12 weeks. “Mre salt wke up peple mre ften t g t the bathrm at night, “ ne researcher says. “When peple cut dwn n salt, their tilet trips were fewer than befre.”
Deal with yur trubles befre dinner. If yu need t d with yur trubles, dn’t wait until night. It’s better t slve them befre dinner. Sharing them with friends is a gd way. Ging t bed peacefully makes yu sleep better and sunder.
A. Keep salty snacks away befre bed.
B. Simple steps can help yu sleep well.
C. Gd sleep can help yu keep healthy.
D. Yu’d better replace it every ne r tw years.
E. Mrning sunlight is useful fr gd sleep.
二、语言运用第一节阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（15分）
完形填空
At hme, my family has seven chickens. I gave them all names, and they are my gd ____16____. Yu may think that taking care f chickens is easy, but smetimes chickens have minds f their wn. ____17____ yu are cnsidering getting chickens, there are a few things yu need t knw.
Chickens have smething we call the pecking rder (啄食顺序). It is the ranking (排位) f ____18____ the chickens. The rder ges ____19____ the strngest, biggest chicken, t the smallest, weakest chicken. Yu have t ____20____ they all eat the same fd. Otherwise, yu have t keep them apart.
Yu must pay ____21____ attentin t baby chicks. Yu need t feed very gd fd t them, s they stay ____22____ and becme immune (免疫的) t diseases. Yu als need a place fr them t stay in yur huse and a special feeder and water hlder. Yu can get day-ld chicks, r yu can get chicks that are 6 mnths and lder. Als ____23____ t clean the pen (鸡圈), s neighbrs dn’t cmplain (投诉).
Yu just have t knw what yu are ding and always be ____24____. Chickens can bring families tgether. They are fun and humrus, beautiful and lving. They are als smart. It’s amazing hw quickly they learn things ____25____ their wn.
S why nt cnsider getting sme f yur wn feathered (有羽毛的) friends?
16. A. neighbrsB. studentsC. friends
17. A. AsB. IfC. Whether
18. A. allB. smeC. any
19. A. betweenB. frmC. amng
20. A. make sureB. make senseC. make ut
21. A. nB. lessC. mre
22. A. apartB. asleepC. healthy
23. A. preferB. rememberC. help
24. A. wrriedB. preparedC. stressed
25 A. byB. fC. n
三、语法填空（10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Steven H and Frank Wang wanted t be ____26____ (her).
“I want peple t read abut us in the histry bks,” Steven said, “I want t d smething ____27____ will be remembered frever by peple.”
“Me, t,” Frank said. “But what can we d?”
The tw men thught abut this fr many weeks. Then Steven said, “Let’s climb the muntain which is famus fr its ____28____ (high) and steepness (陡峭).”
“That’s a gd idea,” Frank said, “but hw can we prve that we ____29____ (climb) it already?”
“We’ll put a flag n the tp,” Steven said. “Anyne flying ver the muntain in an airplane will see it.”
Frank agreed that this was a gd idea and the tw men set ff. They walked ____30____ three weeks t reach the bttm f the muntain, and then they began t climb. The muntain was very steep and they culd climb nly a few hundred feet a day. At night they slept in ____31____ small tent. It was much ____32____ (cld) n the muntain. While they were climbing acrss the snw and ice, they suffered frm the extreme (极度的) cld. But at last, after many days f hardship, they reached the tp. “We’ve made it,” Frank said happily. “We’ve finally climbed t the tp f the highest muntain in the wrld. We’ll ____33____ (knw) and peple will remember us. All we have t d nw is ____34____ (plant) ur flag in the ice.”
“That’s right,” Steven said, “and then we can g hme.” He waited fr Frank t plant the flag. When Frank did nthing, Steven said, “Why dn’t yu plant the flag?”
“I haven’t gt it,” Frank said. “I _____35_____ (think) yu had it.”
四、读写综合（10分）
第一节 简答阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。
Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are nt nly scial animals living in cmmunities and wrk tgether, but they are smart in many different ways. Peple have been studying chimps bth in the wild and in captivity (圈养) fr ver 40 years.
In 1960, a researcher named Jane Gdall began t live with and study wild chimpanzees in Africa. She learned that they are highly intelligent animals that cmmunicate with gestures and physical cntact. They make tls t find fd and they make chices abut which grups t jin and what fds t eat. In captivity, where they live in zs and science centers, they can be fund in 21 different African cuntries, living in frests. Chimpanzees are able t adapt (适应) t changes in their envirnment. They can mve t a new place, make new nests, and find new fds. There have even been experiments which shw that a few chimpanzees have learned t use cmputers and t play games! Sme scientists argue that chimpanzees can shw emtins such as happiness r sadness.
Althugh chimpanzees are impressive and intelligent animals, they are in danger nw and peple are destrying their natural habitats. By cutting dwn trees fr firewd and using the space t build huses, humans leave chimpanzees with smaller areas t live in. Frtunately many rganizatins and researchers have started t take steps t prtect them. Everyne shuld be aware f their wrk and it is imprtant t help these amazing animals.
36 Hw lng have peple been studying chimpanzees bth in the wild and in captivity?
________________________________
37. What did the researcher, Jane Gdall, learn abut chimpanzees?
________________________________
38. Hw d chimpanzees adapt t changes in their envirnment?
________________________________
39. Have all chimpanzees learned t use cmputers r t play games?
________________________________
40. Accrding t the passage, why shuld everyne help chimpanzees?
________________________________
五、书面表达（15分）
41. 俗话说：“读万卷书，行万里路。”你的英国笔友Jhn不明白这句话的意思，写信向你咨询。假如你是李华，请根据来信内容用英语给他写一封回信。
Dear Li Hua,
Recently I have read a bk abut China. In the bk there is an ld Chinese saying “Read 10,000 bks and travel 10,000 miles.” What des it mean? Wuld yu please tell me abut it? D yu like reading? Culd yu tell me smething abut yur favrite bk?
I hpe t hear frm yu sn.
Yurs,
Jhn
要求：
(1) 要点齐全，并适当发挥；
(2) 80词左右 (开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；
(3) 文中不得出现真实姓名与校名；
(4) 卷面整洁，书写美观。
Dear Jhn,
Thanks fr yur letter. I’m very glad t tell yu smething abut the Chinese saying “Read 10, 000 bks and travel 10, 000 miles.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Nile River
The Nile River is 4 135 miles lng. It is lcated (位于) in the cntinent (大陆), mstly in the cuntries f Egypt and Sudan. It flws nrth int the Mediterranean Sea.
The Amazn River
The Amazn River is 3, 980 miles lng. It is lcated in the cntinent f Suth America and flws thrugh several cuntries including Brazil, Venezuela, and Ecuadr. It ends at the Atlantic Ocean.
The Yangtze River
Lcated in China, the Yangtze River is 3, 917 miles lng and flws int the East China Sea.
The Mississippi River and the Missuri River
The river system f the Mississippi River and the Missuri River is the lngest river system in Nrth America at 3, 902 miles. It flws suth int the Gulf f Mexic.
The Yenisei River
The Yenisei River starts in Mnglia and flws thrugh Russia t the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean. It’s 3, 445 miles lng.