专题03 形容词 & 副词（讲与练）-2024年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（全国通用）

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形容词是描述人或事物的特征、性质、属性及状态的一种词类，主要用来修饰名词或代词。对于形容词的考查多集中在三个方面：1. 形容词的比较等级；2. 形容词词义辨析；3. 形容词短语搭配。纵观近年各地市中考题，对在语言环境中考查形容词词义的题目有逐步增加的趋势。在学习过程中，要在识记形容词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。
副词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用副词的能力。
中考考查重点：
一、形容词，副词词义辨析；（重点，难点考题）
二、形容词短语搭配；
三、形容词，副词的级别（重点考题）
1. (2023·武汉) —Mary is ________ abut what she eats. She never has junk fd.
—A gd habit.
A. careful B. angryC. nervus D. relaxed
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——玛丽对吃什么很小心。她从不吃垃圾食品。——一个好习惯。
考查形容词辨析。careful小心的；angry生气的；nervus紧张的；relaxed放松的。根据“She never has junk fd”可知她不吃垃圾食品，所以对自己吃的东西非常小心。故选A。
2. (2023·湖北荆州) —The girls are talking abut the art festival _______.
—Yes, they have s many fun things t share.
A. suddenly B. sadly C. badly D. happily
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——这些女孩们正在快乐地谈论艺术节。——是的。她们有很多有趣的事情一起分享。
考查副词辨析。suddenly突然地；sadly难过地；badly严重地；happily开心地。根据“they have s many fun things t share”，可知她们应该很开心，故选D。
3（2023·江苏扬州）—I like yur teapt. It has a very funny but interesting shape.
—Thank yu. It’s a wrk f art, but it is als ________ fr tea making.
A. natural B. practical C. equal D. general
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我喜欢你的茶壶。它有一个非常有趣但有趣的形状。——谢谢。它是一件艺术品，但它也可以用来泡茶。
考查形容词辨析。natural自然的；practical适用的，实际的；equal平等的；general普遍的。根据“It’s a wrk f art, but it is tea making.”可知是指茶壶是一件艺术品，也适用于泡茶。故选B。
4. (2023·湖北鄂州) —Is Julie as tall as yu?
—N, she isn’t. She’s ________ than me.
A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——Julie跟你一样高吗？——不，她不是。她比我高。
考查形容词比较级。根据than可知，此处用形容词比较级。故选B。
【副词，形容词】
A语法功能
1. 形容词是描述人和事物特征、性质、属性或状态的词。主要用来修饰名词或不定代词。一般置于所修饰的名词之前、不定代词之后。
2，副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
►We shuld listen t ur teachers carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。
►He is very happy tday.他今天非常高兴。
►＂What happened?＂I asked, rather angrily. ＂发生什么事情了？＂我相当生气地问。
►In spring, I can see flwers everywhere.在春天，我到处都能看到花。
B副词的分类
副词按词汇意义可分为：
1. 时间副词：tday, early, sn, nw, then, recently, still
2.表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always, ften, usually, smetimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、
3. 地点副词：here, there, ut, smewhere, abrad, hme
4. 方式副词：well, fast, slwly, carefully, quickly
5. 程度副词：very, much, enugh, almst, rather, quite
6. 频度副词：always, ften, usually, smetimes, seldm, never
C形容词和副词的比较等级
中考考查重点：
1. 形容词比较等级的用法及各种句型；
2. 副词等级的用法及各种句型；
3. 比较级表示最高级的含义的用法。
形容、副词比较级和最高级的构成
注意：
(1) 需要在其前面加mre和mst构成比较级和最高级的形容词和副词。
如：interesting, imprtant, expensive, useful, careful, carefully, dangerus, delicius, serius, famus, difficult, wnderful, cmfrtable, ppular, enjyable ...
(2) 某些由形容词加-ly构成的副词，也是在其前面加mre和mst构成比较级和最高级。
如：slwly→ mre slwly→ mst slwly
quietly→ mre quietly→ mst quietly
(3) 形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the, 副词的最高级前可省略定冠词the。
如：Jack is the earliest by t cme t schl.
Michael runs (the) fastest in his class.
不规则
形容词和副词原级的用法
形容词和副词比较级的用法：
形容词和副词最高级的用法：
4. 注意：
(1) 有的词既是副词又是形容词。
如：fast, late, hard, early, deep ...
(2) hard 既是形容词也是副词 , 作形容词时意为“困难的；艰苦的；坚硬的”，作副词时意为“努力地；猛烈地”。hardly的意思是“几乎不”, 它和 hard的意思完全不同。
如：He studies hard. 他努力学习。
He hardly studies. 他几乎不学习。
(3) 有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。一般在形容词词尾加上-ly构成。
如：careful→ carefully，bad→ badly，free→ freely，slw→ slwly
(4) 在比较级前可以用even，a bit，a little，a lt, much, still, far等修饰。
如：He is far healthier than befre.
I write much mre wrds than Sally.
一、写出下列形容词或副词的最高级形式
1. clse _______________ ________________ 2. creative ______________ ________________
3. funny _______________ ________________ 4. friendly ______________ _______________
5. gd _______________ ________________ 6. bring _______________ ________________
7. little _______________ ________________ 8. easy _______________ ________________
9. bad _______________ ________________ 10. fresh _______________ ________________
11. many_______________ ________________ 12.dry _______________ ________________
13.interesting ______________ ______________ 14. well ______________ _______________
15.useful ______________ _______________ 16.beautifully ______________ ____________
17.careful ______________ _______________ 18. slwly______________ ______________
19. far _______________ ________________ 20.wet _______________ ________________
二、 副词的构成
三、形容词 副词常用结构
1，A>B 比较级+than
2，A=B as…as
3, A 4, 比较级的修饰语有 than:
much, even, a little, a lt, + 比较级
5,比较级+and+比较级, 表示“越来越”
warmer and warmer, nicer and nicer, mre and mre beautiful,
The +比较级， the +比较级 表示“越来越” the mre， the better.
6, 表示“最……之一”，用ne f +最高级+复数名词；
基本句型训练：
1.他多么的开心啊！
__________ ____________ he is!
2. 他玩得多么开心了。
__________ ____________ he is playing!
3.我觉得英语和语文一样重要。
In my pint f view, English is ________ _________ _________ Chinese.
4. 我姐姐我细心得多。
My sister is __________ _________ __________ than me.
5. 他妈妈很高兴。看！她正开心地在房间唱歌。
His mther is very __________. Lk! She __________ _________ __________ in the rm.
6. 老师告诉我们一些有趣的事情
The teacher tld us __________ ___________.
7. 这石头太重 我帮不动
The stne is _________ ________ _________ ________ ________ carry.
8.这音乐听起来很美妙
The music _________ _____________.
9. 那个公园变得越来越美丽。
The park is getting ______ _____ ______ ___________.
10. 雨正变得越来越大。
The rain is becming _______ _______ _______ .
11. 你吃的越多就越胖。
_____ _____ yu eat, ____ _______yu will be.
12.这本书比那本书难
The bk is _______ _________ _________ that ne
13.中山是中国最美丽的城市之一。
Zhngshan is ne f ________ __________ __________ cities in China.
14 这本书比那本书更有得多趣。
This bk is___________ ___________ ___________ _____________that ne.
15.这本书不及那本书有趣。
This bk _________ ___________ ___________ __________ that ne
四、选择题
1 （2023·江苏扬州）—I like yur teapt. It has a very funny but interesting shape.
—Thank yu. It’s a wrk f art, but it is als ________ fr tea making.
A. naturalB. practicalC. equalD. general
2. (2023·湖北鄂州) —Is Julie as tall as yu?
—N, she isn’t. She’s ________ than me.
A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest
3. (2023·湖北黄石) In Switzerland, keeping nly ne gldfish isn’t allwed, because it is very bad t make such ________ animals live alne.
A. luckyB. scialC. patientD. dangerus
4. (2023·湖北十堰市) —As far as I knw, the high-speed railway frm Shiyan t Xi’an will be finished sn.
—Yeah. It will be mre ________ fr us t travel t Xi’an.
A. dangerusB. difficultC. cnvenientD. traditinal
5. (2023·江苏徐州) My cusin is ________. He never frgets the things he needs t d.
A. energeticB. curiusC. rganizedD. cnfident
6. (2023·江苏无锡)Dressing up as a ghst is ________ unusual in ur culture. Peple think it will bring bad luck.
A. hardlyB. hardC. highlyD. high
7. (2023·安徽)— Camping trips in spring have becme very ________ in suthern China.
— Exactly. That’s because these areas have warmer weather and an earlier flwering seasn.
A. htB. safeC. cheapD. hard
8. (2023·安徽)Frm my childhd, I ________ remember my parents wrking hard day and night.
A. clearlyB. patientlyC. suddenlyD. plitely
9. (2023·沈阳)The delicius fd and ________ waiters made us happy with the restaurant.
A. slwB. tiredC. awfulD. plite
10. (2023·山东滨州) —Hw amazing ChatGPT is!
—Yes. The new inventin makes it quite ________ fr peple t write papers and stries.
A. lateB. simpleC. naturalD. difficult
11. (2023·山东滨州) —Father’s Day is arund the crner, but I dn’t have mney t buy a gift fr my dad.
—Why nt make a card by yurself? He will ________ lve it.
A. widelyB. smthlyC. hardlyD. certainly
12. (2023·山东青岛) We shuld eat ________ fruit and vegetables t keep healthy.
A. freeB. freshC. sftD. sweet
13. (2023·北京) —Which d yu like ________, swimming r skating?
—Swimming.
A. wellB. betterC. bestD. the best
14. —Being hmesick is a feeling ________ t many peple in the wrld.
—Yes. That’s why many pets wrldwide have written abut this tpic.
A. similar B. cmmn C. clse D. strange
15. — It’s said that peple usually raise their vice when telling a lie.
— That’s prbably because they are ________.
A. angry B. uneasy C. excited D. surprised
16. Clear waters and green muntains are as ________ as muntains f gld and silver.
A. silent B. general C. valuable D. private
17. —What d yu think f the man in the talent shw?
— He is s ________. He can make different changing pictures with sand.
A. cmmn B. creative C. careless D. helpful
18. —Daniel can get gd marks in all his subjects, but he never shws ff and always helps thers.
—I cannt agree with yu mre. He is a ________ by.
A. patient B. generus C. curius D. mdest
19. Teenagers shuldn’t spend plenty f time n ________ prducts. They are bad fr eyes.
A. natinal B. basic C. electrnic D. natural
20. Sme ________ infrmatin like fingerprints can help the plice find the real criminal.
A. natinal B. musical C. persnal D. scial
21. —Anne, the infrmatin is really ________. Thank yu very much.
—Nt at all. I am happy I can help yu.
A. enjyable B. available C. valuable D. cmfrtable
22. It’s ________ t push in befre thers while waiting fr the bus.
A. impssible B. impatient C. implite D. incnvenient
23. D yu knw ygurt was a(n) ________ inventin? When peple packed milk with bags, the germs(细菌) reacted with the milk, and ygurt came int being.
A. crrect B. accidental C. patient D. strng
24. We’re nt very ________ friends thugh we’ve knwn each ther fr a lng time.
A. serius B. creative C. clse D. fresh
25. —Be careful when yu are driving,____________ in a rainstrm like this.
Thanks, I will.
A. especially B. prperly C. prbably D. frequently
26. — Des yur brther like his new jb?
— I think s. He wrks________, but he feels ________.
A. hard; happily B. hard; happy C. hardly; happily D. hardly; happy
27. —Tm, haven't yu helped yur parents d the husewrk _______ ?
—Yes, I've helped them wash the dishes _______ .
A. already; yet B. yet; yet C. already; already D. yet; already
28. Shanghai is a large and mdern city, but it als has lts f ________ places.
A. histry B. histrical C. famus D. mre famus
29. All the ________ things need air and water. Withut air r water, nthing culd stay ________ .
A. living; living B. living; alive C. alive; alive D. alive; living
30. My father tk sme ________ actins t lse weight. Fr example, he ate small but healthy meals and tk exercise every day.
A. pwerful B. peaceful C. pleasant D. practical
31. The ________ lk n his face suggested that he ________ that.
A. surprising; hadn’t expected B. surprised; hadn’t expected
C. surprising; wuld expect D. surprised; shuldn’t expect
32. —Are yu ging t the airprt by bus?
—N, I’m ging t take a taxi. It’s ________.
A. quicker B. cheaper C. the quickest D. the cheapest
33. “Excuse me, is there a library near here?” the girl asks me ________.
A. widely B. plitely C. nearly D. hardly
34. Take yur hmewrk ________ every day. I believe yu can imprve yurself a lt.
A. cmfrtably B. truly C. cheaply D. seriusly
35. I can ________ wrk ut these math prblems. They’re just t hard.
A. simply B. easily C. hardly D. gradually
36. The “duble reductin” (双减) plicy makes it pssible fr students t have mre ________ time t d utdr activities.
A. spare B. prud C. central D. absent
37. —Our life will be mre ________ if 5G technlgy is used widely.
—Yes, I quite agree with yu.
A. unusual B. general C. active D. cnvenient
38. —Nelly, were yu ________ at the result f the singing cmpetitin?
—Yes. We thught it was a ________ result.
A. surprising; surprised B. surprised; surprising C. surprising; surprising D. surprised; surprised
39. ________ we take subways in the future, ________ air pllutin there will be in ur city.
A. The less; the fewer B. The fewer; the mre C. The mre; the less D. The fewer; the fewer
40. —What d yu think f the sap peras?
—I think they are ________. I dn't like them at all.
A. serius B. meaningless C. enjyable D. educatinal
41. Just be ________, yu can’t make such great prgress in a day. It takes time.
A. hnest B. humrus C. active D. patient
42. T prtect the envirnment, we’d better take ur ________ bags when we g shpping.
A. believable B. enjyable C. reusable D. cmfrtable
43. —Wh sings ________ f the three girls?
—Mary. I think n ne sings ________ beautifully than her.
A. better; the mst B. better; mre C. the best; the mst D. the best; mre
44. ________ news! Tm has wn the________ race.
A. What excited; 800 metres’ B. What exciting; 800-metre
C. Hw excited; 800-metre D. Hw exciting; 800 metres’
45. —Guangzhu is ne f ________ cities in China.
—Yes, and it’s warm in winter.
A. the mst beautiful B. mre beautiful C. very beautiful D. much beautiful
46. —What’s yur predictin abut the future, Jill?
—We will have ________ wrk t d because________ rbts will help us.
A. less; mre B. mre; less C. mre; mre D. less; less
47. Wechat is ________ f the tw ways t talk with friends.
A. the mre ppular B. mre ppular C. the mst ppular D. mst ppular
48. Cindy is a ________ vlleyball star and she plays vlleyball very ________.
A. well; gd B. gd; well C. well; well D. gd; gd
49. The Yangtze River is ne f ________ in the wrld.
A. the lnger river B. lngest rivers C. the lngest river D. the lngest rivers
50. Nanjing is the secnd ________ city in East China.
A. larger B. largest C. mre large D. mst large
51. My mm is a ________ ck. She cks ________ .
A. gd; well B. well; well C. gd; gd D. well; gd
52. My brther is ften _______ frm family meetings because he is t busy.
A. absent B. available C. nervus D. terrible
53. Han Ming didn’t like math at first, but he ________ became interested in it with the help f his teacher.
A. especially B. gradually C. seriusly D. clearly
54. Sandy, yu haven’t changed at all. Yu still lk ________ the same as befre.
A. recently B. finally C. exactly D. hardly
55. The ld man lives in a ________ twn. He lives ________, but he desn’t feel ________.
A. lnely, lnely, alne B. lnely, alne, lnely
C. alne, alne, lnely D. alne, alne, alne
56. When Judy first came t China, she fund the cuntry was ______ the way her grandfather described: beautiful and peaceful.
A. curiusly B. exactly C. prbably D. prperly
57. The by tried ut fr the schl ftball team ________ because he was interested in it.
A. hardly B. nearly C. simply D. specially
58. If ne f yur friends sends yu a message t brrw mney n the Internet, yu’d better phne him ________ first t make sure f that.
A. recently B. directly C. finally D. exactly
59. I can’t tell when the huse was built ________, but it must be very ld.
A. wnderfully B. differently C. exactly D. recently
60. My mther ________ uses electrnic prducts because she thinks they are bad fr her eyes.
A. usually B. seldm C. ften D. always
61. —It is reprted that a driver helped put ut the fire in a car n the highway.
—Yes, the man left ________, and nbdy knws wh he is.
A. slwly B. happily C. silently D. nervusly
62. I haven’t heard frm my sn ________. I’m wrried abut him.
A. recently B. suddenly C. prperly D. quickly
63. — Jim, yu lk wrried. What happened?
— I ________ frgt t d hmewrk. I’m afraid Mr. Lee will get angry with me.
A. exactly B. nrmally C. cmpletely D. wisely
64. We have been t the China Flk Culture Villages ________.
A. lately B. late C. latest D. last
65. —Hw is Sue? —Oh, she lives abrad, s I ________ ever see her.
A. hardly B. greatly C. nearly D. clearly
59. T many peple’s surprise, stinky Lusifen has nw becme the mst ppular snack, but many thers, ________ the yung, lve it s much that they wish t have it every day.
A. specially B. especially C. prbably D. pssibly
66. —Can yu finish yur wrk n time?
—I am afraid nt. My cmputer hasn’t wrked ________ since this mrning.
A. usually B. nrmally C. naturally D. cmmnly
67. ________ music is very relaxing, and it sunds ________.
A. Gd; well B. Gd; nice C. Well; well D. Well; nice
68. My hmetwn is ________ than befre. That makes peple happy.
A. beautiful B. beautifully C. mre beautiful D. much beautiful
69. Bb used t be ________ by n the schl sccer team, but nw he’s taller than thers.
A. shrt B. shrter C. shrtest D. the shrtest
70. I think teenagers shuld take health as ________ as their study.
A. serius B. seriusly C. mre serius D. mre seriusly
五、 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.I wrk this term, but David wrks even .(hard)
2.The (many) bks yu read, the (much) yu will knw.
3. Eln is the ________(tall) f the tw students.
4. Amber is a careful girl s she des hmewrk ___________(careful) in ur class.
5. Wh is ________(gd) in English in yur class?
6.Which d yu like ________(well), apples, pears r bananas?
7. I feel math is _________________(difficult) f all the subjects.
8. I think Tm runs ________________(quick) in ur class during the sprts meeting.
9. He is _____________(quiet) by in my class. He almst never talks.
10.Where yu can buy the tickets ______________(cheap), Twn Cinema, Green City r Mvie Wrld?
11. Wh d yu think wrks _____________(hard) in ur class?
12．Nthing is a waste if yu have a _________（create）mind.
13. Is Yellw River the furth ________(lng) river in the wrld?
14. I like Chinese better than math because it’ s much ________(easy) t learn.
15.I think Sally did as (gd) as Lucy in the math cmpetitin.
16.—Is Betty a gd student?
—Yes, she’s (hard-wrking) than any ther student in her class.
17.It was cld yesterday, but it is much (cld) tday.
18.—Des Grace sing well?
—Yes, she sings (clear) and (lud) than ther singers.
19.I am __________（true）srry that I can’t tell yu the result.
20.The _______(careful) yu d, the ________(gd) grades yu’ll get.
成分
说明
例句
作定语
一般放在所修饰词的前面
It’s a cld and windy day tday. 今天是个寒冷、有风的天气。
作表语
放在系动词的后面
He lks happy tday. 他今天看上去很开心。
做补足语
作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的性质、状态或特征
I think it impssible fr him t finish the wrk befre dark. 我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成这一工作。
作状语
主要表示原因、伴随或方式
Hungry and tired, I had t stp t have a rest. 又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。
构成
原级
比较级
最高级
一般在词尾加-er, -est
great 伟大的
fast 快地
greater 较伟大的
faster 较快地
greatest 最伟大的fastest 最快地
以字母e结尾只加-r, -st
nice 好的
nicer 较好的
nicest 最好的
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写这一辅音字母, 再加-er, -est
big 大的
bigger 较大的
biggest 最大的
以辅音字母+y结尾时，将y变为i再加-er, -est
happy 高兴的heavy 重的
happier 较高兴的
heavier 较重的
happiest 最高兴的heaviest 最重的
其他双音节和多音节词，在词前加 mre, the mst
slwly 慢的difficult 困难的
mre slwly较慢的
mre difficult较困难的
the mst slwly最慢的
the mst difficult最困难的
原级
比较级
最高级
gd / well
better
best
bad / badly
wrse
wrst
little
less
least
much / many
mre
mst
far
farther
further
farthest
furthest
ld
lder
elder
ldest
eldest
结构
意思
as+形容词 / 副词+as
和……一样
nt as / s+形容词 / 副词+as
不及／不如……
s+形容词 / 副词+that 从句
如此……以至于……
t+形容词 / 副词+t d sth.
太……而不能……
形容词 / 副词+enugh t d sth.
足够……
倍数+as+形容词 / 副词+as
表示倍数
Such + a (an)+形容词+可数名词单数=s+形容词+a (an)+可数名词单数
如此；这样
such+形容词+可数名词复数 / 不可数名词
结构
意思
... 比较级 + than...
两个事物 / 人比较
Which is+比较级，... r... ?
less+原级+than...
不及……
The+比较级 ... ，the+比较级...
越……就越……
...比较级+and+比较级...
越来越……
倍数+比较级+than+被比较的对象
表示倍数
... 比较级+than any ther+名词单数+in (f) ...
= ... 比较级+than the ther+名词复数+in (f) ...
比其他……都……
结构
意思
... ne f the+最高级+名词复数
之一
... 最高级+f(in)... 可以转换为：... 比较级+than any ther + n.(单数)+in(f)...
最……比……任何一个都……
This is / was the+最高级+名词+that 定语从句
/
... be+序数词+最高级+可数名词的单数+in (f)...
/
形容词类型
构成相应副词的方法
举例
一般情况
在形容词后直接加 -ly
quick — __________
slw — ___________
以y结尾的形容词
先将y改成i,再加 -ly
happy — __________
busy — __________
绝大多数以e结尾的形容词
直接加 -ly
plite — _________
wide — __________
少数以e结尾的形容词
要去掉e再加 -ly
true —_________
terrible — ________
特殊情况
与形容词同形
early adj. — ___________.
high adj. — ___________.