重难点11 主从复合句-2024年中考英语【重点、难点】专练

这是一份重难点11 主从复合句-2024年中考英语【重点、难点】专练，文件包含重难点11主从复合句原卷版docx、重难点11主从复合句解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
中考英语对主从复合句的考查集中在单项选择题、完形填空、短文填空题。考查重点包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。本专题目的在于帮助学生梳理主从复合句的用法，以帮助同学们高效复习。
宾语从句
用法详解：
宾语从句是在主从复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。如
Rse said she wuld visit us smetime next week. 露丝说她下星期某时会来看我们。
↓ ↓
主句 从句 (宾语从句)
Culd yu tell me where he is frm? 你能告诉我他来自哪里吗？
↓ ↓
主句 从句 (宾语从句)
考点1：引导词的选用
(1). 陈述句的引导词用that，常可省略。
I am ging t meet my net friends in Guangzhu. He said.
→He said that he was ging t meet his net friends in Guangzhu. 他说他将要在广州见他的网友。
(2). 一般疑问句的引导词用if/ whether(是否)。（后有r、r nt 时只用whether）
Wuld yu like t play basketball with me? He asked me.
→He asked me if/whether I liked t play basketball with him. 他问我是否会和他去打篮球。
Is it a fast train r a slwly ne? I wanted t knw.
→I wanted t knw whether it was a fast train r a slwly ne.我想知道这是快车还是慢车。
(3). 特殊疑问句的引导词用特殊疑问词。
Hw ld are yu? They want t knw.
→They want t knw hw ld yu are.他们想知道你多大年纪了。
What are yu ging t d this afternn? He asked me.
→He asked me what I was ging t d this afternn.他问我今天下午要做什么。
考点2：语序 (宾语从句中从句要用陈述句语序，即从句中的第1动词在主语之后）
He asked Jane: “Why dn’t yu cme”?
疑问语序(第1动词dn’t 在主语yu之前)
He asked Jane why she didn’t cme last night. 他问简恩为什么昨晚她不来。
陈述语序(第1动词didn’t 在主语yu之后)
Lucy wanted t knw if I culd make a cake fr yu.露丝想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。
特殊：①.What’s wrng with …在宾语从句中不变语序。如：
I want t knw what’s wrng with yu.我想知道你怎么啦。
②. 引导词在从句中做主语时，语序不变。如：
Jack asked me wh wuld give us the lecture this afternn.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。
(wh 是引导词，在宾语从句中作动词wuld give的主语，本身己是陈述语序，不需再变。)
考点3：时态
口诀：主现从实，主过从过，真理除外
(1). 主句是现在时(一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
“Jhn speaks highly f yu.” Tm tells me.
→Tm tells me that Jhn speaks highly f me. 汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。(主句用tells, 是一般现在时，从句原时态是speaks,在这里还是用speaks)
(2). 主句是过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时)，从句只用过去某种相应时态。
“When shall we have the meeting?” The by asked.
→The by asked when they shuld have the meeting. 男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。
(主句用asked，是一般过去时，从句用相应的某种过去时，这里shall→shuld)
(3). 从句表示客观真理或事实时，主句即使用过去时，从句仍然用一般现在时。
“The earth ges arund the sun.” The teacher tld the students.
→The teacher tld the students that the earth ges arund the sun. 老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳走。
(主句用tld, 为一般过去时，但从句中the earth ges arund the sun是客观事实，所以时态还用一般现在时，不用变)
Jim asked me whether the light travels faster than the sund.
考点4.宾语从句的注意问题
（1）宾语从句与简单句的转换：当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，从句可以简化为“疑问词+不定式” 结构。
如：I dn’t knw what I shuld d next. =I dn’t knw what t d next. 我不知道接下来要做什么。
（2）宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句谓语动词think，suppse，believe等后接宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称，变否定句时应否定主句。如：I dn’t think yu are right. 我认为你不对。
状语从句
常见的状语从句可分为：时间、条件、地点、原因、方式、让步、比较、结果、目的等从句，由不同的引导词引导。
考点一：时间状语从句
考点二：条件状语从句
条件状语从句的引导词主要有if和unless，两者可转换。
在条件状语从句中，从句常用一般现在时表将来，即主将从现。
如：Yu will fail the exam if yu dn’t wrk hard.=Yu will fail the exam unless yu wrk hard.
如果不努力学习，你考试会不及格的。
考点三：原因状语从句
原因状语从句的引导词有because，since，as等。
注意：1. because和s不能同时使用。
如：He didn’t cme t schl yesterday because he was ill. 他昨天没来上学，因为他生病了。
2. since引导原因状语从句表示显然的或已为人知的理由，表示“因为，既然”
如：since everyne is here, let’s start.既然大家都到期了，我们就开始吧。
考点四：让步状语从句
让步状语从句的引导词有thugh / althugh，even thugh / if等。
注意：thugh / althugh与but不能同时出现在一个句子里。
如：Thugh he is in pr health, he wrks hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。
考点五：结果状语从句
结果状语从句的引导词有s / such … that … 等。
（1）区分两种句式：
① s+adj./ adv.+that …
②such+(a / an)+adj.+n.+that …
如：Tm is s clever that he learns Chinese well. =Tm is such a clever by that he learns Chinese well.
汤姆如此聪明，语文学得很好。
（2）注意：当名词前有much，many，little，few等词修饰时，只能用s。
如：Yu can’t spend s much time n cmputer games.你不能花这么多时间在网络游戏上。
考点六：目的状语从句
目的状语从句的引导词有s that，in rder that等。
如：He std up s that / in rder that he culd see the blackbard clearly.
他站起来，以便能清楚地看到黑板。
注意：目的状语从句中一般都含有表示可能性的词语，如cule, will, wuld, can等。
定语从句
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。
定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句
如：I knw the girl wh is sitting under the tree.
↓ ↓ ↓
先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句）
2. 关系词的选用：
3、关系词的省略：
关系代词that/wh/which/whm在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略
如：The cartns (that/which)I like have lts f jkes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。
The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
4.关系代词只能用that的情况
(1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that
如: My father and his teacher talked a lt abut the persns and things that they culdn’t remember.
(2)当先行词是all, much, anything, smething, nthing, everything, little, nne 等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that.
如: Say all that yu knw/ Is there anything that I can d fr yu?
(3)当先行词有the ne, the very, the nly, the same 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用wh).
如：That’s the nly thing that I can d nw. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) wrds that he used.
(4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.
如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best nvel that I have read.
(5)当主句是wh或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.
如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?
5. 关系代词只能用which的情况
(1)先行词有指示代词（that/this/these/thse）修饰
如：I am reading that bk which yu read yesterday. 我在看你昨天看的那本书
(2)引导词前有介词
如：The schl campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。
6. 定语从句中的主谓一致
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与先行词保持一致。其中，“ne f+复数名词” 作先行词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：He is the man wh / that lives next dr. 他就是住在隔壁的那个男人
He is ne f the students in his class wh have been t Germany.他是班上去过德国的学生之一
（2023中考真题 建议用时：15分钟）
1．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Wild animals will be in great danger ________ we prtect them tgether.
A．ifB．butC．unless
2．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Yu Gng Mves a Muntain is the best stry ________ I have ever read.
A．whB．whereC．that
3．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—I wnder ________ my new classmates.
—By cmmunicating with them mre.
A．what can I learn frmB．when I can learn frm
C．where can I talk withD．hw I can get n with
4．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）—I wnder ________.
—Yes, it tastes really gd.
A．wh likes eating zngzi
B．if this kind f zngzi is delicius
C．where I can buy this kind f zngzi
D．hw much we shuld pay fr this kind f zngzi
5．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）A true friend is a persn ________ reaches fr yur hand and tuches yur heart.
A．whB．whmC．whichD．whse
6．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—As a teenager, d yu knw ________ when yu are in truble?
—Yes. I can ask my parents, teachers r any ther adult I trust.
A．wh yu can ask fr helpB．hw can yu ask fr help
C．wh can yu ask fr helpD．hw yu can ask fr help
7．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）Our teacher asks us t read newspapers every day ________ we can find ut what’s ging n arund the wrld.
A．s thatB．even thughC．in rder tD．as sn as
8．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Chen Dan, d yu knw ________?
—Bus N.3 will take yu there.
A．what is Star Park likeB．what Star Park is like
C．hw can I get t Star ParkD．hw I can get t Star Park
9．（2023·甘肃甘南·中考真题）—I wnder if Li Hua ________ t the hspital t receive the vaccinatin（疫苗接种）.
—I am sure he will if he ________ time.
A．ges; will haveB．will g; hasC．will g; will have
10．（2023·西藏·中考真题）—Culd yu tell me ________?
—Sure. I will shw yu the steps.
A．hw can I pay nlineB．what can I pay nline
C．hw I can pay nlineD．what I can pay nline
11．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present.
A．whichB．whC．whatD．where
12．（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—I wnder ________.
—There is a new parking lt acrss the street frm here.
A．where I can park my car
B．where can I park my car
C．hw lng I shuld park my car
D．hw lng shuld I park my car
13．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Culd yu tell me smething abut Qu Qiubai? I need t knw abut ________.
A．hw many bks did he publishB．that he studied and wrked in Russia
C．which part f Changzhu did he live inD．what freign languages he culd speak
14．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）As we live in a rapidly develping wrld, we will be left behind ________ we keep learning.
A．unlessB．ifC．afterD．thugh
15．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）Histry is my favrite subject ________ it’s very interesting.
A．ifB．thughC．whenD．because
16．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）________ yu can’t wrk ut the prblem, perhaps yu need t ask yur classmates fr help.
A．UnlessB．ThughC．SinceD．Whether
17．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）Fr ur safety, we must keep away frm the tall buildings ________ the wind blws hard.
A．ifB．althughC．s
18．（2023·湖南益阳·中考真题）—Please give the Chinese bk t Linda.
—OK. ________ I see her, I will give it t her.
A．As sn asB．UnlessC．Befre
19．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）Let’s take the simple steps tday ________ we will save the wrld fr ur grandsns and granddaughters tmrrw.
A．unlessB．untilC．s thatD．thugh
20．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Ben believes he ________ a cllege student in 3 years.
A．becmesB．becameC．will becmeD．has becme
21．（2023·四川雅安·中考真题）—Lucy, the Dragn Bat Festival is cming. I want t learn hw t make zngzi.
—OK. If my grandma ________ free tmrrw, she will teach us.
A．isB．areC．amD．will be
22．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Lily, can yu tell me ________ during the Dragn Bat Festival this year?
—Sure. We ate zngzi and watched a dragn bat race.
A．what yu will dB．what yu didC．what will yu dD．what did yu d
23．（2023·湖北恩施·中考真题）—Miss Wang, what’s the mst imprtant thing ________ we g travelling?
—Yu shuld make a plan first.
A．whileB．befreC．after
24．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）It is really dangerus _______ peple run the red traffic light.
A．ifB．unlessC．thughD．until
25．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）I will try my best t help yu, ________ I dn’t knw what t start with yet.
A．whetherB．sinceC．thughD．until
26．（2023·新疆·中考真题）Lts f Chinese yung peple ___________ were brn after 1995 use dr-t-dr cking t save time.
A．thatB．thseC．whichD．/
27．（2023·新疆·中考真题）________ the times keep changing, yung peple in China have shwn the same prmise.
A．ButB．UnlessC．AlthughD．As sn as
28．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nthing ________ can’t be achieved.
A．whB．thatC．whm
29．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）—Alice, I wnder ________ yu wn the tug-f-war (拔河比赛) yesterday.
—Yeah! We pulled tgether and made it in the end.
A．whatB．whereC．whether
30．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）Zhang Guimei nce said. “________ I’m alive, I will dnate (献身) myself t teaching.”
A．Even thughB．As sn asC．As lng as
（2024年最新模拟题 建议用时：15分钟）
31．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）—Excuse me. Culd yu tell me ________ abut the lcal histry and culture?
—Of curse. Yu can check it n this cmputer.
A．that I gt the infrmatinB．what infrmatin did I get
C．hw can I get the infrmatinD．where I can get the infrmatin
32．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）Many students didn’t realize the imprtance f study ________ they left schl.
A．untilB．whenC．asD．after
33．（2024·四川成都·一模）—Lucy, d yu have any idea ________ the meaning f this wrd is?
—Let me check the dictinary.
A．thatB．whatC．which
34．（2024·四川成都·一模）_____ he is nly nine years ld, Tny is already an excellent basketball player.
A．In rder thatB．As sn asC．Even thugh
35．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）The farmers had t wrk in the field ________ the weather was extremely ht.
A．ifB．untilC．becauseD．althugh
36．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）The year 2024 celebrates the Year f the Dragn. It is the nly ne ________ is nt real amng the 12 animals f the Chinese zdiac (生肖).
A．thatB．whichC．wh
37．（2024·四川成都·二模）Yu will pass the math test ________ yu wrk harder.
A．as lng asB．as far asC．as well as
38．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—I really dn’t knw hw t get n well with ther peple.
—The mst imprtant rule ________ yu shuld fllw is t cmmunicate.
A．whB．whichC．that
39．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Eating t much junk fd can harm yur bdy, especially ________ yu’re teenagers.
—Yes. Junk fd has a bad influence n ur ability t think, learn and remember.
A．ifB．unlessC．althugh
40．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Mm, when shall we set ut t the amusement park?
—As lng as yur task ________.
A．will finishB．will be finishedC．is finished
41．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）Science and technlgy are develping fast. We are suppsed t have a lifelng study attitude ________ we wn’t be ut.
A．in rder tB．in rder thatC．s as t
42．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Nbdy knws fr sure if Mr. Li ________ t the party tmrrw. I haven’t seen him fr a lng time.
—If he ________, I will tell yu.
A．will cme; will cmeB．will cme; cmesC．cmes; cmes
43．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Hw time flies! We will leave schl and separate frm each ther.
—I will never frget the time ________ we have spent tgether in middle schl.
A．in whichB．whC．that
44．（2024·四川广元·二模）—I want t knw ________.
—The weather reprt n TV says it will be.
A．when I can watch TVB．wh will reprt it
C．if it will be sunny tmrrwD．what will the weather be like tmrrw
45．（2024·湖南株洲·一模）As a middle schl student, n matter ________ yu g, yu shuld pay attentin t yur wrds and actins.
A．thatB．whatC．whenD．where
46．（2024·四川广元·二模）—Excuse me. Culd yu please tell me ________?
—OK. Walk alng the street and yu will find it n yur right.
A．why yu g t the bkstreB．wh is the wner f this bkstre
C．hw can I get t the bkstreD．where the nearest bkstre is
47．（2024·黑龙江双鸭山·一模）In gegraphy class, the teacher tld his students that the earth ________ arund the sun.
A．gesB．wentC．is ging
48．（2024·黑龙江双鸭山·一模）—The speech is really exciting!
—S it is. This is the best speech ________ I’ve ever heard.
A．whichB．thatC．wh
49．（2024·黑龙江双鸭山·一模）At last he wrked ut the prblem, ________ it was a little hard.
A．butB．andC．thugh
50．（2024·湖南永州·一模）—I wnder ________ Michael will play basketball with us.
—Perhaps nt. He always ges t the library after schl.
A．whenB．whetherC．whereD．why
51．（2024·吉林长春·一模）The teacher asked the little girl ________.
A．where she wentB．where did she g
C．where she will gD．hw did she g
52．（2024·吉林长春·一模）________ the by is nly three, he has knwn many English wrds.
A．IfB．AlthughC．WhenD．Because
53．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）It has been abut tw mnths ________ she last heard frm her mther.
A．frB．sinceC．unlessD．until
54．（2024·湖南怀化·一模）In gegraphy class, the teacher tld his students that the earth ________ arund the sun.
A．gesB．wentC．is ging
55．（2024·安徽芜湖·一模）—Dennis, can yu tell me ________ makes yu a big fan f Chinese culture.
—Thse beautiful pems by Li Bai.
A．whenB．whyC．whD．what
引导词
用法
例句
when
when引导的时间状语从句中既可接延续性动词，也可接非延续性动词，多用一般过去时
They were talking happily when I walked past the dr.当我从门前走过，他们正在开心地聊天。
while
while强调主句和从句动作同时发生，所引导的时间状语从句只能用延续性动词，多用进行时态。
My mther was cking while I was ding my hmewrk.
当妈妈在做饭的时候，我在做作业。
nt … until
主句的谓语动词为非延续性动词，主句要用否定式，从句用肯定式。
The bus wn’t start until everybdy gets n.
公共汽车直到每个人都上车才会发动。
since
主句谓语动词一般用现在完成时，从句谓语动词一般用一般过去时。
Five yeas has passed since we saw each ther last time.
距离我们上次见面已经五年过去了。
befre
befre 引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。
We turned ff the light befre we left.
我们在离开前关了灯。
after
after 引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。
He went t bed after he finished his wrk.
他做完工作后就去睡觉了。
as sn as
若主句为一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来。
I will tell him the news as sn as I see him.
我一看见他，就会告诉他这个消息。
关系代词
指代
在定从中所作成分
例句
which
物
主语 宾语
Lucy likes music which is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。
that
人、物
主语 宾语
Lucy likes music that is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。
The girl that has lng hair is his sister.
留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。
wh
人
主语 宾语
The girl wh has lng hair is his sister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。
whm
人
宾语
He is the student that/wh/whm I like best.他是我最喜欢的学生
whse
人的，物的
定语
I like thse bks whse tpics are abut histry.
我喜欢那些话题是历史的书