北京师范大学万宁附属中学2023届高三下学期模拟演练（4）英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份北京师范大学万宁附属中学2023届高三下学期模拟演练（4）英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
The prducts belw exhibit the new ideas that pushed cnsumer tech frward during 2017. The list cvers the width f ur view, frm transprtatin and televisins t parenting.
Best in Transprtatin; Bike Sharing
Bike sharing bust upn the US scene in 2008. But it tk until 2017 t start attracting big investments. This is the year bike share prgrams freed themselves, and the year cycling began rlling tward the American mainstream. Fr mst peple, cycles mean cheaper rides and mre flexibility; fr cities, they mean fewer capital cnstructin csts up frnt. This year, Chinese cmpanies Mbike and OFO launched in Washingtn, DC, and Seattle, respectively. If cities can keep building bike lanes, the American revlutin f transprtatin is well n its way.
Best Parenting Prduct: Veer Cruiser
Given hw cmmn it is t have tw small kids f different ages, it’s surprisingly hard t find an easy-t-use vehicle fr carrying them arund. The Veer Cruiser is an endlessly adaptable strller-wagn (四轮推车) that easily accmmdates multiple babies. It has a lcking handle fr pushing r pulling the lad. It’s strngly built with an aluminum chassis (铝制底盘) n large tires made fr rads like grassy hills. If yu take the kids ut in ne, just make sure yu re-member t pack the snacks.
Best Hme Entertainment Prduct: LG C7 OLED
When it cmes t TVs, a lt f new wrds have cme ut in the last few years — terms like UHD, 4K, HDR. But the nly wrd yu need t knw is OLED. This earns yu incredibly bright and vivid clrs that never appear washed ut, as well as the deepest blacks yur eyes have seen. The cmpany’s C7 OLED is the best TV yu can wn. LG imprved the brightness, and made blacks even hacker. The 55-Inch C7 is currently $1,700 ver the hlidays, a lt cheaper than last year, and wrth every penny.
1．When did biking start t appear in the American street in large amunts?
A.In 2008.B.In 2017.C.In 2021.D.In 2022.
2．Wh wuld like t have a Veer Cruiser mst prbably?
A.Parents with tw babies.B.Families t g camping.
C.Families with sme pupils.D.Parents t have a hliday.
3．What makes LG C7 OLED different frm ther TVs?
A.The sund.B.The price.C.The size.D.The image.
Kim Hyung-h arrived in China frm the Republic f Krea n Aug 24, 1992, which happened t be the same day that the tw cuntries fficially established diplmatic relatins. Kim, just 19 at the time, came t China t study traditinal Chinese medicine (TCM), a medical system with thusands f years f histry and which enjys ppularity in many cuntries.
Kim’s passin fr TCM tk rt in his teenage years after he had a twisted ankle treated with acupuncture. “It’s incredible that a little needle can have such magical pwers. That experience inspired me t learn authentic TCM in the place frm which it riginated,” recalls Kim.
In 2013, he was hired as a TCM specialist by the internatinal clinic f Qingda Municipal Hspital. “Dctr Kim is a prfessinal, hardwrking and nice,” says Sun Jie, directr f the clinic. “He als helps bridge the cmmunicatin gap between ur staff and Krean patients.” Fr thse wh have difficulty mving arund, Kim will g t the patient’s hme t ffer treatment.
Apart frm his daily wrk, Kim has als vlunteered t prvide free medical cnsultatins in the cuntryside. He fund that many rural peple have been suffering frm lng time diseases such as high bld pressure, but are nt aware f their cnditins, let alne attend regular checkups. As a result, Kim led fellw vlunteers t cllect lists f peple frm different villages. The lists were handed t lcal authrities t keep track f the patients’ treatment. Kim als prvided guidance fr village dctrs, which helped imprve the standard f treatment in the area.
Three decades have passed since Kim set ft in China, and he’s very grateful fr what he has gained in the cuntry. “Medicine des nt have bundaries. As a TCM dctr, I will cntinue t cmmunicate with dctrs in Krea and ther cuntries t help it spread and flurish even further, s that mre peple can understand its excellence,” says Kim.
4．When did Kim becme interested in TCM?
A.He learned the lng histry f TCM.
B.China and Krea had a clse relatinship.
C.He was treated with TCM when he was yung.
D.Chinese medicine enjyed great ppularity in Krea.
5．What can we infer frm the wrking experience f Kim?
A.Krean patients are specially treated.
B.Sme rural patients will be tracked by vlunteers.
C.A blind patient may get a hme treatment by Kim.
D.High bld pressure patients will be cmpletely cured.
6．What des the underlined wrd “flurish” in the last paragraph mean?
A.Crash.B.Develp.C.Remain.D.Increase.
7．What is the purpse f this text?
A.T express patients’ demand.B.T recmmend TCM treatment.
C.T explain a medical phenmenn.D.T intrduce an internatinal dctr.
Nearly tw years after the COVID-19 utbreak, China has granted apprval t its first antibdy cmbinatin treatment fr COVID-19.
A team frm Brii Bisciences, Tsinghua University, and the Peple’s Hspital f Shenzhen has accmplished the task in 20 mnths. It wuld usually takes 10 years. “It can reduce the rate f hspitalizatin and death by 80 percent,” said Zhang Linqi, leader f the research team.
The new antibdy drug is immediately effective when cnducted intravenusly (静脉注射). Mrever, the treatment can prtect peple, especially thse whse physical cnditin desn’t allw vaccinatin, frm becming infected by COVID-19 fr arund nine t 12 mnths, said Zhang. Hw des it wrk? When a virus infects a cell, it relies n an imprtant type f prtein: the spike prteins n its surface. The spike prteins serve as a key t unlcking a cell. If a virus cannt enter a cell, it will be destryed immediately. The jb f ur antibdies is t blck the virus frm entering cells. S its target is very precise. In additin, thanks t the crdinatin between the tw antibdies, it is highly efficient and durable in cntrlling the virus, accrding t Zhang.
Lab tests suggest that the antibdy cmbinatin can be effective against cmmn COVID-19 variants, including the Alpha, Beta, Delta, Lambda and Mu. Testing with the newer Omicrn strain is nging. The qualities f the new drug make it especially useful fr high-risk grups, such as frntline medical wrkers and peple wh are nt suitable fr vaccinatin due t varius pssible health prblems.
The new drug is expected t cme t the market sn, but it’s nt cheap. That’s because f limited prductin. Als, it typically must be administered intravenusly in a hspital setting.
Nting that China has used science and technlgy t fight COVID-19 since the beginning f the utbreak, Zhang said: “Science is the cre t slving the issue. Science has shwn its pwer in all sectrs, frm medical treatment, medicine and vaccine develpment t preventin and cntrl measures.”
8．What d we knw abut the new drug?
A.It can remain active in human bdies fr 20 mnths.
B.It’s unsuitable fr peple with underlying health prblems.
C.It prves t be effective against COVID-19 variants alne.
D.It prmises an 80 percent reduced risk f death.
9．Hw des the drug wrk?
A.By getting rid f cells infected with the virus.
B.By preventing the virus frm attacking cells.
C.By assisting the spike prteins in unlcking cells.
D.By targeting spike prteins n the surface f cells.
10．What is a disadvantage f the drug?
A.It has sme side effects.
B.Its ingredients are still in limited supply.
C.Nt everyne can affrd it.
D.Only high-risk grups can have access t it.
11．What is the Zhang Linqi’s attitude twards science and technlgy in fighting COVID-19?
A.Supprtive.B.Ambiguus.C.Indifferent.D.Negative.
Mran wrks at the Califrnia Academy f Sciences, which is capped by 2.5 acres f living rf where nearly 1.7 millin plants, insects and birds flurish. The building has been painstakingly designed t be amng ne f the mst envirnmentally-friendly in the wrld. Slar panels that surrund the living rf prvide 5% f the building’s energy, while water flwing thrugh pipes in the bathrms als generates pwer. Autmatic skylights pen and clse t help regulate the temperature inside the building while natural sunlight is used t light the building as much as pssible. During his 15 years at the academy (研究院), Mran has helped design, build and nw maintain the building’s green systems.
Cnstructing new envirnmentally-friendly buildings like the ne Mran wrks in is expected t generate mre than 6.5 millin jbs by 2030, accrding t predictins by the Internatinal Labr Organizatin. Next t energy, it will be the secnd fastest grwing sectr fr green jbs in the cming decades. This jbs grwth cmes frm a grwing need fr buildings that can deal with multiple prblems: meeting tugh climate-change targets; rising energy csts, water shrtages and an increased risk f extreme weather cnditins. This is driving a mvement knwn as green building.
In 2000, just 41 new cnstructin prjects were fficially rated as green buildings in the US. Last year, that figure had grwn t mre than 65,000. Elsewhere in the wrld there have been similar increases and it is a trend that is expected t cntinue. In China the gvernment has set an ambitius gal as part f its five-year plan that require 50% f all new urban buildings t be green certified.
Mran sees green building as requiring new skills that have nt featured much in the building sectr in the past. “It takes a different skill set t lk after a living rf cmpared t nrmal landscaping,” he says. “Yu need t understand the envirnment, hw the directin f the sun and wind will affect it. But we are als seeing technlgy being integrated int everything.”
12．Hw was the building f the academy planned?
A.Rigidly.B.Effrtlessly.C.Thrughly.D.Strategically.
13．What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A.Cnstructing new buildings.B.Generating mre jbs.
C.The grwing need fr huses.D.The Internatinal Labr Organizatin.
14．Why d many cuntries begin t cnstruct green buildings?
A.T develp a large market.B.T satisfy humans’ ambitins.
C.T slve different challenges.D.T cntrl the new mvement.
15．What des Mran pssibly think f his present jb?
A.Challenging.B.Risky.C.Traditinal.D.Urgent.
二、七选五
16． A stubbrn cugh tends t get wrse at night—just when yu’re trying t get a gd sleep yu need t feel better. It feels like a catch-22 situatin: Yu need sleep t get ver a cugh, but yur cugh keeps waking yu up.
①_____ Health experts suggest plenty f water, medicine, and lts f rest. These are the few relatively simple steps yu can take.
Rest is ne f the mst imprtant ways yur bdy fights ff infectins. But getting the rest yu need t feel better is easier said than dne if yur cugh is keeping yu up all night. ②_____ Yu lie dwn after a lng day f feeling uncmfrtable, nly t find that yu can’t stp cughing. Just when yu need sleep the mst, yur cugh symptms get wrse. Yu feel like having mre mucus (黏液).
Drink plenty f water befre bed. ③_____ S be sure t drink enugh water thrughut the evening. Yu can als add hney t warm liquids like water r tea, which has been shwn t have mdest benefits in reducing cughs.
Try cugh medicine. Cugh medicine typically cntains smething that makes yu feel sleepy. ④_____ Because f these risks, be cautius when using cugh medicine.
Here is anther way t help get ver yur nighttime cughs. The number ne factr that makes yur cugh wrse at night is gravity. When we lie dwn, mucus autmatically begins t pl. S anther way t fight with cughs is t use a pillw t supprt yur head a little. ⑤_____
A.It can be the hardest thing t accmplish.
B.Hwever, it can help a lt when yu cugh.
C.What can help yu get ver a nighttime cugh?
D.Here is the science behind a cugh that’s wrse at night.
E.That’s because liquids can help thin the mucus in yur thrat.
F.And it may als have sme side effects fr peple ver age 65.
G.It will help keep the mucus frm cllecting in the back f the thrat.
三、完形填空（15空）
At the age f 60, my father was hit by a car when he walked t a nearby supermarket t buy vegetables. After sleeping fr tw mnths in hspital, he finally wke up. His waking up _____1_____ all ur family. _____2_____, he didn’t knw any f us. Dctrs said his brain was hurt s _____3_____ that he had lst all his memry. And his mental age (心理年龄) was nly five. We were srry t hear abut the bad news.
Since I was his nly child, it was my _____4_____ t lk after him. He frgt _____5_____ everything, but he did remember he liked sweets. I used the sweets as a way f _____6_____ bad behavirs. I wuld gave him ne sweet if he didn’t sit n the grund, a secnd fr stpping painting n the wall, and anther fr nt trying t put clthes n the dg.
Dad became the _____7_____ child in twn. He climbed up the tree t catch a bird and culdn’t get dwn after it flew away. He brke my windw with a ball and _____8_____ ur telephne in water like washing clthes. When I tld him he was ding wrng things, he wuld answer smilingly, “I like that!” My sn, then aged five, and tw eight-year-ld daughters, welcmed their _____9_____ playmate. He wuld happily make them real cigarettes, ______10______ his sweets with them, and carry them high in the apple tree t ______11______ apples.
It is eight years since the _____12______. Dad has accepted the fact that he is the ______13______ f his three playmates but nt a brther. He has als accepted that they grw taller but his ______14______ stays the same. Thugh it is still ______15______ t take care f him, he brings us a lt f fun. In sme way I think it is a happy thing t lk after dad like lking after a child. Hw many peple can have the chance t care fr a child-like parent?
17．A. hurtB. calmedC. prtectedD. excited
18．A. LuckilyB. UnluckilyC. RegularlyD. Amazingly
19．A. lightlyB. strangelyC. seriuslyD. slwly
20．A. turnB. dutyC. favrD. habit
21．A. trulyB. halfC. simplyD. almst
22．A. planningB. perfrmingC. stppingD. accepting
23．A. cleverestB. bravestC. kindestD. ldest
24．A. repairedB. answeredC. cleanedD. designed
25．A. flishB. bigC. shyD. freign
26．A. shareB. shwC. lendD. sell
27．A. hideB. buyC. pickD. plant
28．A. graduatinB. accidentC. inventinD. mistake
29．A. teacherB. uncleC. grandfatherD. dctr.
30．A. weightB. ageC. heightD. lk
31．A. amusingB. tiringC. relaxingD. interesting
四、短文填空
32． It was Jennifer Williams’ mther wh gt her interested in bks. As a librarian, she read t her three children every day ①_____ they went t cllege.
When ②_____(becme) a teacher, Williams wanted her students t lve reading as she did. But she realized that sme kids had limited access ③_____ bks.
“It’s very bvius t teachers which kids are read t and which kids are nt,” she said. T Williams, the ④_____(slve) was simple: Give kids bks. In 2017, she gave away 900 used children’s bks ver three days. Mst peple wuld be ⑤_____(satisfy) with that.
“Anybdy culd d that,” she said. “I wanted t d smething ⑥_____ was ging t stretch my faith, my wrk ethic (职业道德), my everything.” S she set a new gal fr herself: Give away ne millin bks. It sunds like ⑦_____ unreachable number, but as Williams psted n Facebk: “Dn’t cmplain if yu aren’t willing t wrk hard ut n the field.”
S she gt t wrk, first by persuading friends ⑧_____(dnate) bks r mney t buy bks. And as news f Williams’ prject ⑨_____(spread), strangers started leaving bks n her frnt prch (门廊). As the bks came in, Williams gave ⑩_____ t lcal schls, free f charge.
Nw, Williams has given away mre than 78,000 bks—nly 922,000 mre t reach her gal! And she’s nt slwing dwn. It’s t imprtant fr kids with few ptins.
五、书面表达
33．你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Why d we need humur?”为题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1.分析幽默的功能；
2.说明幽默带给你的好处。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.题目和首句已为你写好。
Why d we need humur?
Gd mrning, everyne. The title f my speech tday is “Why d we need humur?”
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六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Perfect Christmas Tree
In ur huse in Middle Cve, Newfundland, the traditin was t find the perfect tree befre Christmas Eve. And this year, my brther Gilbert and I were being trusted t d it entirely n ur wn. And we tk the challenge very seriusly. S, axe in Gilbert’s hand, saw in mine, we set ut fr all the spts we imagined we might find a magnificent fir (冷杉树).
We were yung, but we knew the rules. Trees culd nt be taken frm persnal land and nt near any rad.
We started ut with the best f intentins. We were n Pine River Lane, and lking at the firs in the fields, but nne f them lked quite gd enugh. It was getting dark but we still had n luck. On the way hme, it was Gilbert wh stpped, grabbed my arm and said, “I see it!”
“Yu see what?” I said.
“Right there, lk. It’s perfect.”
And he was right. It was a yung tree, tw metres tall, standing alne. It was the classic Christmas tree. In all my years, I had never seen such a perfect ne.
Perfect except fr ne small prblem. The tree was pretty clse t the rad. Als, it was behind a fence, s the tree was in smene’s yard. And nt just any smene. It was in the yard f Timmy Green, my best friend.
Hwever, the chances f ur finding anther ne like it were slim t nne.
“Yu stand guard,” Gilbert said. And with that, we were ver the fence and n ur bellies crawling tward the target. I lay in the snw and put the Greens’ huse under surveillance (监视). I was t whistle r cugh if I saw anyne cming.
Within a few minutes, it fell.
“Grab the end,” Gilbert said, and we lifted it ver the fence. Nw we were n the rad.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Suddenly Gilbert’s eyes widened. “Our ftprints!” he said.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
S it shcked me when I fund Mr. Green in ur huse with my parents, drinking tea n Christmas Eve.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“The prducts belw exhibit the new ideas that pushed cnsumer tech frward during 2017.(以下产品展示了2017年推动消费科技发展的新理念)”和Best in Transprtatin; Bike Sharing中的“Bike sharing bust upn the US scene in 2008. But it tk until 2017 t start attracting big investments. This is the year bike share prgrams freed themselves, and the year cycling began rlling tward the American mainstream. (2008年，共享单车在美国出现。但直到2017年才开始吸引大规模投资。今年是自行车共享项目获得自由的一年，也是自行车开始走向美国主流的一年)”可知，“今年”指2017年，2017年共享单车开始大量出现在美国街头。故选B项。
2．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由Best Parenting Prduct: Veer Cruiser中的“Given hw cmmn it is t have tw small kids f different ages, it’s surprisingly hard t find an easy-t-use vehicle fr carrying them arund. The Veer Cruiser is an endlessly adaptable strller-wagn(四轮推车) that easily accmmdates multiple babies.(考虑到有两个不同年龄的小孩是多么的普遍，要找到一辆方便携带他们的车实在是太难了。Veer Cruiser是一款适应性极强的婴儿车，可轻松容纳多个婴儿)”可得出，有两个孩子的父母可能想要一辆Veer Cruiser。故选A项。
3．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由Best Hme Entertainment Prduct: LG C7 OLED中的“But the nly wrd yu need t knw is OLED. This earns yu incredibly bright and vivid clrs that never appear washed ut, as well as the deepest blacks yur eyes have seen. The cmpany’s C7 OLED is the best TV yu can wn. LG imprved the brightness, and made blacks even hacker.(但你只需要知道OLED这个词。这为你赢得了难以置信的明亮和生动的颜色，永远不会褪色，以及你眼睛看到的最深的黑色。该公司的C7 OLED是你能拥有的最好的电视。LG提高了亮度，让黑人甚至成为黑客)”可知，LG C7 OLED与其他电视的不同之处在于它拥有难以置信的明亮和生动的颜色，即图像好。故选D项。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Kim’s passin fr TCM tk rt in his teenage years after he had a twisted ankle treated with acupuncture.(Kim对中医的热情在他十几岁的时候就开始了，当时他扭伤了脚踝，用针灸治疗)”可知，Kim开始对中医感兴趣始于他小时接受过中医治疗。故选C。
5．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“As a result, Kim led fellw vlunteers t cllect lists f peple frm different villages. The lists were handed t lcal authrities t keep track f the patients’ treatment.(因此，Kim带领志愿者们收集了来自不同村庄的人的名单。名单被交给当地政府，以跟踪患者的治疗情况)”可推知，部分农村患者将由志愿者跟踪。故选B。
6．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As a TCM dctr, I will cntinue t cmmunicate with dctrs in Krea and ther cuntries t help it spread and”以及后文“s that mre peple can understand its excellence”可知，Kim说自己作为一名中医医生，将继续与韩国和其他国家的医生交流，帮助它进一步传播和发展，让更多人了解它的优点。故画线词意思是“发展”。故选B。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Kim Hyung-h arrived in China frm the Republic f Krea n Aug 24, 1992, which happened t be the same day that the tw cuntries fficially established diplmatic relatins. Kim, just 19 at the time, came t China t study traditinal Chinese medicine (TCM), a medical system with thusands f years f histry and which enjys ppularity in many cuntries.(金亨浩于1992年8月24日从韩国抵达中国，这一天正是两国正式建立外交关系的日子。当时年仅19岁的金来中国学习中医，中医是一种具有数千年历史的医疗体系，在许多国家都很受欢迎)”结合文章主要讲述了国际医生Kim Hyung-h来中国学习中医，并且对农村医疗做出了贡献。可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一位国际医生。故选D。
8．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“ ‘It can reduce the rate f hspitalizatin and death by 80 percent,’ said Zhang Linqi, leader f the research team.(该研究团队的负责人张林琪表示：“它可以降低80%的住院率和死亡率。”)”可知，新药承诺降低80%的死亡风险。故选D。
9．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The jb f ur antibdies is t blck the virus frm entering cells. S its target is very precise.(抗体的作用是阻止病毒进入细胞。所以它的目标非常精确)”可知，药物通过阻止病毒攻击细胞起作用。故选B。
10．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The new drug is expected t cme t the market sn, but it’s nt cheap.(这种新药有望很快上市，但价格不菲)”可知，这种药的缺点是不是每个人都买得起。故选C。
11．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nting that China has used science and technlgy t fight COVID-19 since the beginning f the utbreak, Zhang said: ‘Science is the cre t slving the issue. Science has shwn its pwer in all sectrs, frm medical treatment, medicine and vaccine develpment t preventin and cntrl measures.’(张表示，疫情发生以来，中国一直在用科学技术抗击新冠肺炎。他说：“科学是解决问题的核心。从医疗、药物、疫苗研发到防控措施，科学在各个领域都显示出了力量。”)”可推知，张琳琪对新冠肺炎科技的态度是支持的。故选A。
12．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“The building has been painstakingly designed t be amng ne f the mst envirnmentally-friendly in the wrld. Slar panels that surrund the living rf prvide 5% f the building’s energy, while water flwing thrugh pipes in the bathrms als generates pwer. Autmatic skylights pen and clse t help regulate the temperature inside the building while natural sunlight is used t light the building as much as pssible.(这座建筑经过精心设计，是世界上最环保的建筑之一。围绕着生活屋顶的太阳能电池板提供了建筑物5%的能量，而流经浴室管道的水也可以发电。自动天窗的开启和关闭有助于调节建筑物内部的温度，同时利用自然阳光尽可能照亮建筑物)”可知，学院建设的方方面面都运用了环保理念，可以说这座经过精心设计的建筑是世界上最环保的建筑之一，学院的环保建设规划很彻底)(Thrughly)。故选C项。
13．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。由第二段中的“Cnstructing new envirnmentally-friendly buildings like the ne Mran wrks in is expected t generate mre than 6.5 millin jbs by 2030, accrding t predictins by the Internatinal Labr Organizatin. Next t energy, it will be the secnd fastest grwing sectr fr green jbs in the cming decades.(根据国际劳工组织的预测，到2030年，建造新的环保建筑，如莫兰工程，预计将创造650多万个就业机会。在未来几十年中，it将是仅次于能源的绿色就业增长第二快的部门)”可知，it用于指代上文，上文提及了“Cnstructing new envirnmentally-friendly buildings (建造新的环保建筑)”，此处it指“Cnstructing new buildings”。故选A项。
14．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“This jbs grwth cmes frm a grwing need fr buildings that can deal with multiple prblems: meeting tugh climate-change targets; rising energy csts, water shrtages and an increased risk f extreme weather cnditins. This is driving a mvement knwn as green building.(就业增长源于对能够处理多种问题的建筑的需求不断增长：满足苛刻的气候变化目标；能源成本上升、水资源短缺和极端天气条件风险增加。这推动了一场被称为绿色建筑的运动)”可知，人类要面临能源成本上升、水资源短缺和极端天气条件风险增加等诸多挑战，为解决这些不同的挑战，因此许多国家开始建设绿色建筑。故选C项。
15．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由最后一段“Mran sees green building as requiring new skills that have nt featured much in the building sectr in the past. ‘It takes a different skill set t lk after a living rf cmpared t nrmal landscaping,’ he says. ‘Yu need t understand the envirnment, hw the directin f the sun and wind will affect it. But we are als seeing technlgy being integrated int everything.’(莫兰认为，绿色建筑需要新的技能，而这些技能在过去的建筑行业中并不多见。他说：“与普通的景观美化相比，照看活屋顶需要不同的技能。”“你需要了解环境，太阳和风的方向将如何影响环境。但我们也看到技术正在融入一切。”)”可知，莫兰认为，绿色建筑需要新的技能，这些技能要求多样且要求高，可得出他认为目前的工作很具挑战性（Challenging）。故选A项。
16．答案：CAEFG
解析：①根据下文“Health experts suggest plenty f water, medicine, and lts f rest.(健康专家建议多喝水、药物和大量休息。)”可知，空格处应该在提问“该如何克服夜间咳嗽”，C选项“What can help yu get ver a nighttime cugh?(什么能帮助你克服夜间咳嗽)”符合语境，故选C。
②根据下文“Yu lie dwn after a lng day f feeling uncmfrtable, nly t find that yu can’t stp cughing. Just when yu need sleep the mst, yur cugh symptms get wrse.(你在漫长的一天感到不舒服后躺下，却发现你无法停止咳嗽。就在你最需要睡眠的时候，你的咳嗽症状加重了。)”可知，想要得到足够的休息来使自己感觉好一点，很难实现。A选项“It can be the hardest thing t accmplish.(这可能是最难实现的事情)”符合语境，故选A。
③根据上文“Yu feel like having mre mucus(你感觉像是有了更多的黏液)”和下文“S be sure t drink enugh water thrughut the evening.(所以整个晚上一定要喝足够的水。)”可知，空格处要解释多喝水来缓解咳嗽的原因。E选项“That’s because liquids can help thin the mucus in yur thrat.(这是因为液体可以帮助减少喉咙里的黏液)”中的“mucus”与上文一致，且与下文构成因果关系，故选E。
④根据下文“Because f these risks, be cautius when using cugh medicine.(由于这些风险，使用咳嗽药时要谨慎。)”可知，空格处要对“these risks”进行说明，F选项“And it may als have sme side effects fr peple ver age 65.(它也可能对65岁以上的人有一些副作用。)”符合语境，“side effects”与“these risks”一致，故选F。
⑤根据上文“When we lie dwn, mucus autmatically begins t pl.(当我们躺下时，黏液自动开始聚集。)”可知，用枕头把头抬高一点的主要目的就是为了避免黏液聚集。G选项“It will help keep the mucus frm cllecting in the back f the thrat.(这将有助于防止黏液聚集在喉咙后部。)”符合语境，故选G。
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的醒来让我们全家兴奋不已。A. hurt伤害；B. calmed使冷静；C. prtected保护；D. excited使兴奋。根据前文“After sleeping fr tw mnths in hspital, he finally wke up.”可知，作者的父亲在昏迷两个月后终于醒来了，因此他的醒来是让大家开心的、兴奋的。故选D项。
18．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他不认识我们任何人。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Unluckily不幸地；C. Regularly定期地；D. Amazingly令人惊讶地。根据后文“he didn’t knw any f us”可知，作者的父亲虽然醒来了，但是他失忆了，已经忘记作者他们是谁了，因此这是一件不幸的事。故选B项。
19．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：医生说他的大脑伤得很重，以至于他失去了所有的记忆。A. lightly轻轻地；B. strangely奇怪地；C. seriusly严重地；D. slwly缓慢地。根据后文“he had lst all his memry”可知，父亲失去了所有的记忆，因此可知他的大脑伤的很严重。故选C项。
20．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我是他唯一的孩子，照顾他是我的责任。A. turn转变；B. duty责任；C. favr喜欢；D. habit习惯。根据前文“Since I was his nly child”可知，作者是独生子女，因此照顾父亲是作者的责任。故选B项。
21．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：他几乎忘记了一切，但他确实记得他喜欢糖果。A. truly真地；B. half一半地；C. simply简单地；D. almst几乎。根据前文“he had lst all his memry”以及后文“but he did remember he liked sweets”可知，父亲只记得他喜欢吃糖果，其他的都忘了。因此可知他是几乎忘了所有的事。故选D项。
22．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用糖果作为阻止不良行为的方法。A. planning计划；B. perfrming表演；C. stpping停止；D. accepting接受。根据后文“I wuld gave him ne sweet if he didn’t sit n the grund, a secnd fr stpping painting n the wall, and anther fr nt trying t put clthes n the dg.”可知，父亲的行为就像个小孩一样，会调皮捣蛋，因此作者拿糖果作为阻止父亲表现不好的方式。故选C项。
23．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸成了镇上最大的孩子。A. cleverest最聪明的；B. bravest最勇敢的；C. kindest最善良的；D. ldest最老的。根据前文“At the age f 60”以及“And his mental age (心理年龄) was nly five.”可知，父亲的心理年龄只有五岁，行为表现得跟一个孩子一般，但那时的爸爸其实已经60岁了，因此可知，爸爸是年龄最大的孩子。故选D项。
24．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用球打破了我的窗户，像洗衣服一样在水里清洗我们的电话。A. repaired修理；B. answered回答；C. cleaned清洗；D. designed设计。根据后“ur telephne in water like washing clthes”可知，父亲把我们的电话用水来清洗，就像用水洗衣服一样。故选C项。
25．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我五岁的儿子和两个八岁的女儿欢迎他们的大玩伴。A. flish愚蠢的；B. big大的；C. shy害羞的；D. freign外国的。根据后文的“playmate”以及后文的“carry them high in the apple tree”可知，父亲跟孩子们一起玩耍，自然在小孩们的眼中父亲是他们的大玩伴。故选B项。
26．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会很乐意给他们做真正的香烟，和他们分享他的糖果，然后把他们高高地举在苹果树上摘苹果。A. share分享；B. shw展示；C. lend借出；D. sell卖。根据前文的“He wuld happily make them real cigarettes”以及后文“his sweets with them”可知，父亲做这些事情时是很开心的，因此他是很乐意分享他的糖果给作者的孩子们。故选A项。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会很乐意给他们做真正的香烟，和他们分享他的糖果，然后把他们高高地举在苹果树上摘苹果。A. hide隐藏；B. buy买；C. pick摘；D. plant种植。根据前文“carry them high in the apple tree”可知，父亲把作者的孩子们举得高高的，就是让他们好摘到苹果。故选C项。
28．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：事故发生至今已有八年。A. graduatin毕业；B. accident事故；C. inventin发明；D. mistake错误。根据前文“At the age f 60, my father was hit by a car when he walked t a nearby supermarket t buy vegetables.”以及后文“Dad has accepted the fact that he is the _______ f his three playmates but nt a brther.”可知，从事故的发生到现在，父亲也发生一些变化，因此此处讲的是父亲发生事故已经过去了八年的时间了。故选B项。
29．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲接受了这样一个事实：他是三个玩伴的祖父，而不是他们的哥哥。A. teacher老师；B. uncle叔叔；C. grandfather祖父；D. dctr医生。根据后文“but nt a brther”可知，父亲后来知道了自己是他们的祖父，而不是孩子们的哥哥。故选C项。
30．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也承认他们长高了，但他的身高保持不变。A. weight重量；B. age年龄；C. height身高；D. lk神态。根据前文“they grw taller”可知，父亲看到孩子在一天天长大，一天天变高，而他和他们相比，他的身高没有变过。故选C项。
31．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管照顾他仍然很累，但他给我们带来了很多乐趣。A. amusing令人愉快的；B. tiring令人疲惫的；C. relaxing令人放松的；D. interesting有趣的。根据前文“He climbed up the tree t catch a bird and culdn’t get dwn after it flew away. He brke my windw with a ball and _____ ur telephne in water like washing clthes.”以及“Thugh”一词可知，父亲的行为方式就像个小孩，会调皮捣蛋，因此照顾他是累人的，当然也充满的乐趣，此处前后语意是转折，因此照顾父亲是很累的一件事，但也充满乐趣。故选B项。
32．答案：until; becming; t; slutin; satisfied; that; an; t dnate; spread; them
解析：①考查状语从句连接词。句意：作为一名图书管理员，她每天给她的三个孩子读书，直到他们上大学。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导状语从句，缺少连接词，由句意可知，表示“直到”，连词until符合句意。故填until。
②考查状语从句的省略。句意：当成为一名教师时，Williams希望她的学生像她一样热爱阅读。分析句子结构可知，本句中when引导了状语从句，完整句子为when she was becming a teacher，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。故填becming。
③考查介词。句意：但她意识到有些孩子接触书籍的机会有限。短语access t表示“使用……的机会”，设空处缺少介词t。故填t。
④考查名词。句意：对Williams来说，解决办法很简单：给孩子们书。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入名词作主语，slutin是可数名词，由was可知，此处用名词的单数形式。故填slutin。
⑤考查形容词。句意：大多数人会对此感到满意。短语be satisfied with表示“对……表示满意”，符合句意。故填satisfied。
⑥考查定语从句关系词。句意：我想做一些事情来延续我的信仰，我的职业道德，我的一切。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为不定代词smething，在从句中作主语，因而只能用that引导。故填that。
⑦考查冠词。句意：这听起来像是一个遥不可及的数字。根据number可知，此处需填入不定冠词，表示泛指，unreachable为元音音素开头，因而用an。故填an。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：于是她开始工作，首先说服朋友捐书或花钱买书。短语persuade sb t d sth表示“说服某人做某事”，设空处缺少动词不定式。故填t dnate。
⑨考查时态。句意：随着Williams项目消息的传开，陌生人开始把书留在她的门廊。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少从句的谓语，由主句时态可知，从句时态为一般过去时。故填spread。
⑩考查代词。句意：这些书一送过来，Williams就免费送给当地的学校。分析句子可知，设空处指代the bks，应用代词them。故填them。
33．答案：
Why d we need humur?
Gd mrning, everyne. The title f my speech tday is “Why d we need humur?”
I guess all f us enjy watching a cmedy film r hearing a gd jke. Humur is what plays the magic. Accrding t recent research, humur has bth physical and psychlgical effects. It helps us relieve ur stress and anxiety, relax ur whle bdy and give us a great sense f well-being. Als, it helps us t develp better and strnger relatinships. Persnally, I’ve becme happier and gt clser t my friends since I tried t add a little humur when talking with peple arund. And I’ve becme mre ptimistic t face the challenges in life.
I hpe yu’ll all benefit frm humur in yur lives t. Thank yu!
34．答案： One pssible versin:
Para.1: Suddenly Gilbert’s eyes widened. “Our ftprints!” he said. Sure enugh, all arund the base f the stump were ftprints. Bys’ ftprints. We might as well have left a signed nte. Suddenly, an idea ccurred t me and I patted Gilbert n the shulder and signaled him t climb ver the fence. Tgether we gt dwn n all furs and wiped away ur ftprints with great effrt. All was dne! And as expected, what greeted us back hme was enrmus praise fr the perfect tree. Satisfied as I was, the idea f being caught “stealing” the tree kept lingering in my mind. Hwever, nbdy came arund and asked questins. It seemed the Greens had never nticed the missing f their prperty.
Para.2: S it shcked me when I fund Mr Green in ur huse with my parents, drinking tea n Christmas Eve. A ripple f fear crept inside befre I finally made it t lk up at Mr Green’s eyes and frced a smile. It s happened that Dad was prudly intrducing the Christmas tree. “It’s a pity I’ll never have ne like that.” Mr Green spke f his tree in the yard which was nurtured fr Christmas with lwered eyes. Ccned in verwhelming guilt, I kept up curage and stuttered my aplgies. Mr Green, shcked at first, ndded smilingly after learning the whle thing. Strking the delicately decrated tree, I came t realize that nt nly did I find the perfect Christmas tree, but als retrieved the best in me, which was, is and will be carved in my memry.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，吉尔伯特的眼睛睁大了。‘我们的足迹！’他说。”可知，第一段可描写作者兄弟俩如何消除“作案”痕迹，并顺利把树扛回了家，并博得大家好评，但是作者内心不安。
②由第二段首句内容“所以当我发现在平安夜，格林先生和我的父母在我们家喝茶时，我很震惊。”可知，第二段可描写内疚的作者在听到格林先生谈及那棵树时，勇敢承认了自己的错误，而对方对这事也一笑了之了。作者也因此找回了自己内心最好的品质。
2.续写线索：树下趴下擦足迹——扛树回家得赞美——格林先生来访话圣诞树——作者勇敢把错认——得到原谅终释怀
3.词汇激活
行为类
①示意：signal / gesture
②擦去：wipe away / erase
③挽回：retrieve / get…back
情绪类
①满意的：satisfied / cntent /pleased
②震惊的：shcked / stunned / astnished
【高分句型1】Satisfied as I was, the idea f being caught “stealing” the tree kept lingering in my mind. (让步状语从句的倒装)
【高分句型2】Mr Green spke f his tree in the yard which was nurtured fr Christmas with lwered eyes. (由关系代词which引导限制性定语从句)