安徽省合肥市2023-2024学年高三下学期一模考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）

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第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Hw will the wman g t the airprt?
A.By bus.
B.By subway
C.By taxi.
2.What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A.Classmates.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Fellw wrkers.
3.Why des the man make the phne call?
A.T cnfirm a plan.
B.T pstpne a meeting.
C.T reschedule a reservatin.
4.Where are the speakers?
A.In a restaurant.
B.At hme.
C.On the street.
5.Why is the wman in the ffice?
A.T prepare dcuments.
B.T wait fr a clleague.
C.T meet a deadline.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What is the man ding?
A.Recmmending a suitcase.
B.Inquiring abut his luggage.
C.Cnfirming his flight number.
7.What dcs the man say abut the suitcase?
A.It has recgnizable features.
B.It has been taken by mistake.
C.It is his daughter’s special ty.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What are the speakers talking abut?
A.Trip plans.
B.Flat decratins.
C.Party preparatins.
9.Wh will prbably get the ballns?
A.Mary
B.Wilsn.
C.Jack.
10.What dcs the man suggest ding at the end f the cnversatin?
A.Asking Richard fr help
B.Getting themed-related decratins.
C.Making psters fr cean prtectin.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.What des the man dislike abut the purple T-shirt?
A.The pattern n it.
B.Its clr.
C.Its material.
12.What des the man buy fr his daughter ?
A.Jeans.
B.A dress.
C.A T-shirt.
13.Hw much will the man pay?
A.$50.
B.$75
C.$100.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.What des the man d?
A.A writer.
B.A teacher.
C.A phtgrapher.
15.Why dcs the wman suggest the man take a trip?
A.T take phts
B.T meet peple
C.T relieve pressure
16.Hw will the cuple decide where t g?
A.By searching nline.
B.By cnsulting a friend.
C.By turning t their sn.
17.What will the wman d this Friday?
A.Eat ut.
B.D the packing
C.G shpping
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.What d we knw abut the quarter-mile rad?
A.It can prvide wireless charging service.
B.It can increase the efficiency f vehicles.
C.It is specially designed t prduce pwer.
19.Hw des Stefan Tngur feel abut the prject?
A.It is very ppular and widely used.
B.It is safe and envirnment-friendly.
C.It is sustainable and energy-efficient.
20.What des the speaker mainly talk abut ?
A.A wireless smart rad.
B.A new electric vehicle.
C.A rad security system
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Hng Kng has the largest cllectin f high-rise buildings n Earth, many f which have been designed by wrld-famus architects.
HSBC Headquarters Building
In 1979, the Hng Kng and Shanghai Banking Crpratin(HSBC) launched an internatinal design cmpetitin fr its new headquarters. Fster +Partners, headed by architect Sir Nrman Fster, wn the cmpetitin with an ut-f-the-bx idea. With a budget f rughly S667 millin in the day’s currency, the British visinary had the mdular (模块化的) pieces cnstructed in the US, Japan and the UK befre shipping them t Hng Kng fr assembly (组装).
The Hendersn
Zaha Hadid Architects(ZHA) has revealed plans t replace a multi-stry car park in Hng Kng’s central business district with a new 623-ft twer. Like s many f ZHA’s visinary prjects, the ffice twer, cmpleted in 2023,integrates technlgy with natural envirnments. Fr instance, there is a sky garden which is an utdr recreatinal space with a running track and a planting netwrk that acts as an effective bilgical air-purifying filter by cnsuming pllutants.
Tw Internatinal Finance Centre
On a clear day, yu can see straight acrss Hng Kng frm the ffices in Tw Internatinal Finance Center(2IFC), cmpleted in 2003. Designed by the late Cesar Pelli, the 1,352-ft twer was the tallest in the city upn its cmpletin. It transfrmed the skyline when it pened with its breath taking height and tapered (锥形的) shape, symblizing Hng Kng’s rise.
Bank f China Twer
The 1,205-ft twer, cmpleted in 1990,brke recrds at the time and became an instant landmark as the first twer ver 985 feet utside Nrth America. A visin f urban energy, expansin and gemetry, the Bank f China Twer(BOC Twer)was designed t resemble a bamb sht, symblizing strength, vitality and China’s emergence as a significant player in internatinal finance.
1. What is special abut the HSBC Headquarters Building?
A. It was designed by several architect teams.B. It was funded by cuntries acrss the wrld.
C. Its style was cnsidered t be the mst creative.D. Its design was a winning wrk f a cmpetitin.
2. Which building cmbines technlgy with nature ?
A. HSBC Headquarters Building.B. The Hendersn.
C. Tw Internatinal Finance Centre.D. Bank f China Twer.
3. What d the BOC Twer and 2IFC have in cmmn?
A. They are knwn fr being ec-friendly.B. They were cmpleted in the same century.
C. They used t be the tallest in Hng Kng.D. They were designed by the same architect.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了香港的四座大楼的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1979, the Hng Kng and Shanghai Banking Crpratin(HSBC) launched an internatinal design cmpetitin fr its new headquarters. Fster +Partners, headed by architect Sir Nrman Fster, wn the cmpetitin with an ut-f-the-bx idea.(1979年，香港上海汇丰银行(HSBC)为其新总部发起了一项国际设计竞赛。由建筑师诺曼·福斯特爵士领导的福斯特建筑事务所以一个新颖的想法赢得了比赛)”可知，汇丰总部大楼的特别之处在于它的设计是一项竞赛的获奖作品。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Hendersn部分中“Like s many f ZHA’s visinary prjects, the ffice twer, cmpleted in 2023,integrates technlgy with natural envirnments.(像ZHA的许多有远见的项目一样，这座办公大楼于2023年完工，将技术与自然环境融为一体)”可知，The Hendersn结合了科技与自然。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Designed by the late Cesar Pelli, the 1,352-ft twer was the tallest in the city upn its cmpletin.(这座1352英尺高的塔楼由已故的凯撒·佩里设计，建成后是该市最高的塔楼)”以及最后一段“The 1,205-ft twer, cmpleted in 1990,brke recrds at the time and became an instant landmark as the first twer ver 985 feet utside Nrth America.(这座1205英尺高的塔于1990年完工，打破了当时的纪录，成为北美以外第一座超过985英尺的塔，立即成为地标)”可知，中银大厦和第二国际金融中心的共同之处是都曾经是香港最高的。故选C。
B
In internships (实习期) and jbs that I, nw a career wman, have ever had, I’ve watched prfessinals, experienced and brand-new alike, cnduct interviews r present in meetings and many f them appear unprepared and lack cnfidence. I think they wuld all benefit frm an acting class.
A central technique an acting class can equip yu with is imprvisatin (即兴表演). Essentially, skills such as the imprvisatin principle f “Yes, and …” are beneficial fr thinking n yur feet. When smene suggests a new idea, yu say “yes” and run with the suggestin. A prfessinal familiar with this technique can entertain and value the cntributins f thers, prmting a free-flwing exchange f ideas, which inspires a psitive, creative spirit that the crprate wrld lngs fr.
Bth cllege students and prfessinals might benefit frm the vice and mvement training. I used t be afraid f the vice and mvement part f acting class. My acting teacher wuld make us d push-ups and yga. Then, we’d stand up and man (呻吟) with varying degrees f vices. I hated this, and lts f ther peple d, t. But the prduct f this training is an individual wh stands tall and speaks clearly and ludly. Plus, I still use the stretches and warm-ups frm class t calm my nerves befre presentatins.
As an actr, yu are a student f human behavir. With that, when yu receive a text, yu explre yur character. Fr example, if yu’re playing a villain (反派角色), yu have t apprach yur character frm where it stands. Such an utlk makes fr a wnderful leader, ne that understands cwrkers’ situatins and treats them with pliteness and understanding.
I’ve brne cuntless “What are yu ging t d with a theater degree?” speeches frm family and friends. But ultimately, these sft skills are incredibly valuable fr yung prfessinals. Acting training will set yu apart frm the pack.
4. What effect des the principle f “Yes, and …” have n prfessinals fllwing it?
A. It generates psitive suggestins.B. It brings abut smth interactin.
C. It ffers them gd entertainment value.D. It helps them recgnize their wn cntributin.
5. What can we learn frm the authr’s experience in paragraph 3?
A. She is still very nervus f her acting teacher.
B. She is addicted t wrking n her physical fitness.
C. The training has made her braver and mre patient.
D. The training has enhanced her presentatin abilities.
6. What des the authr want t say by mentining explring characters?
A. It is a big challenge fr mst f the student actrs.
B. It makes the study f human behavir much easier.
C. It can help peple t put themselves in thers’ shes.
D. It may imprve the relatinship between cwrkers.
7. What des the authr advise yung prfessinals t d?
A Take an acting class.B. Pursue acting careers
C. Obtain higher degrees.D. Cnsult family and friends.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者结合自身经历说明上表演课所带来的一些好处。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A prfessinal familiar with this technique can entertain and value the cntributins f thers, prmting a free-flwing exchange f ideas, which inspires a psitive, creative spirit that the crprate wrld lngs fr. (熟悉这一技巧的专业人士能够接受并重视他人的贡献，促进思想的自由交流，从而激发出企业界所渴望的积极、创新的精神。)”可知，“是的，但是……”的原则可以让遵循这一原则的专业人士有顺畅的互动。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But the prduct f this training is an individual wh stands tall and speaks clearly and ludly. Plus, I still use the stretches and warm-ups frm class t calm my nerves befre presentatins. (但这种训练的结果是一个人站得高，说话清晰响亮。此外，在演讲之前，我仍然会利用课堂上的伸展运动和热身来镇定我的紧张情绪。)”可知，培训提高了她的演讲能力。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Such an utlk makes fr a wnderful leader, ne that understands cwrkers’ situatins and treats them with pliteness and understanding. (这样的观点造就了一个优秀的领导者，一个理解同事的情况，礼貌和理解地对待他们的人。)”可知，作者提到探索人物是想说明这能帮助人们设身处地地为别人着想。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I think they wuld all benefit frm an acting class. (我觉得上表演课对他们都有好处。)”以及最后一段“But ultimately, these sft skills are incredibly valuable fr yung prfessinals. Acting training will set yu apart frm the pack.(但最终，这些软技能对年轻专业人士来说是非常有价值的。表演训练将使你与众不同。)”可知，作者建议年轻的专业人士去上表演课。故选A。
C
High in the Swiss Alps and the Arctic, scientists have discvered micrbes (微生物) that can digest plastics — imprtantly, withut the need t apply extra heat. Their findings, published in the jurnal Frntiers in Micrbilgy, culd ne day imprve plastic recycling.
It’s n secret that plastic pllutin is still a big, glbal issue. Since its prductin explded during and after Wrld War II, humans have created mre than 9.1 billin tns f plastic — and researchers estimate that less than ne tenth f the resulting waste has been recycled. T make matters wrse, the mst cmmn recycling ptin — when plastic is washed, prcessed and turned int new prducts — desn’t actually reduce waste: The recycled materials are ften f lwer quality and might later end up in a landfill all the same.
S, researchers are lking fr slutins t the plastics prblem that g beynd cnventinal recycling — and ne prcess they’ve experimented with is breaking dwn plastics using micrbes. But the knwn plastic-digesting micrbes can nly d s at warm temperatures abve 85 degrees Fahrenheit. When dne at an industrial scale, the amunt f energy needed t generate that much heat makes the prcess give ff mre carbn —and cst mre mney.
But the micrbes fund in the Arctic and Swiss Alps can functin at cler temperatures: They were able t break dwn bidegradable (可生物降解的) plastics at 59 degrees Fahrenheit. In the new study, c-authr Jel Rüthi and his clleagues discvered that f the ttal 34 types f micrbes examined,19 were successfully able t break dwn a frm f plastic called plyester-plyurethane, and 17 culd break dwn tw types f bidegradable plastic mixtures.
Unfrtunately, the plastics that the micrbes partially degraded represent a “really small amunt f plastics in circulatin,” said Gavin Lear, an envirnmental micrbilgist, wh was nt invlved in the study. Lear acknwledged that using natural micrbes can prvide a head start when it cmes t designing a strategy fr bi-recycling. If we mve away frm the cnventinal nn-bidegradable materials, “and we start t use mre f these bidegradable plastics, then it’s gd that we knw hw t degrade them mre quickly s they’re less f an envirnmental prblem,” he cncluded.
8. What d we knw abut the cnventinal recycling?
A It des nt live up t expectatins.B. It cntributes t mre waste.
C. It is nt as ppular as befre.D. It ensures new prduct quality.
9. Which best describes the methd f using the micrbes in the previus studies?
A. Impractical.B. PineeringC. Reliable.D. Invaluable.
10. Why is the new study mentined in paragraph 4?
A T prve the micrbes have an bvius taste preference.
B. T shw the finding pens drs t a mre efficient system.
C. T clarify hw the prcess f breaking dwn plastics wrks.
D. T explain why bi-recycling is better than cnventinal recycling.
11. What d the underlined wrds “head start” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Reward.B. Criterin.C. Prtectin.D. Advantage.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在瑞士阿尔卑斯山和北极的高处，科学家们发现了可以消化塑料的微生物——重要的是，不需要额外的加热。他们的研究结果发表在《微生物学前沿》杂志上，有朝一日可能会改善塑料回收。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“T make matters wrse, the mst cmmn recycling ptin — when plastic is washed, prcessed and turned int new prducts — desn’t actually reduce waste: The recycled materials are ften f lwer quality and might later end up in a landfill all the same.(更糟糕的是，最常见的回收选择——将塑料清洗、加工并变成新产品——实际上并没有减少浪费：回收的材料通常质量较低，最终可能还是会被扔进垃圾填埋场)”可知，传统的回收没有达到人们的期望。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“S, researchers are lking fr slutins t the plastics prblem that g beynd cnventinal recycling — and ne prcess they’ve experimented with is breaking dwn plastics using micrbes. But the knwn plastic-digesting micrbes can nly d s at warm temperatures abve 85 degrees Fahrenheit. When dne at an industrial scale, the amunt f energy needed t generate that much heat makes the prcess give ff mre carbn —and cst mre mney.(因此，研究人员正在寻找超越传统回收的塑料问题的解决方案，他们已经试验了一种方法，即用微生物分解塑料。但已知的塑料消化微生物只能在85华氏度以上的温暖温度下进行。当在工业规模上进行时，产生这么多热量所需的能量会使该过程释放更多的碳，并花费更多的钱)”可推知，之前研究中使用微生物的方法是不切实际的。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But the micrbes fund in the Arctic and Swiss Alps can functin at cler temperatures: They were able t break dwn bidegradable (可生物降解的) plastics at 59 degrees Fahrenheit. In the new study, c-authr Jel Rüthi and his clleagues discvered that f the ttal 34 types f micrbes examined,19 were successfully able t break dwn a frm f plastic called plyester-plyurethane, and 17 culd break dwn tw types f bidegradable plastic mixtures.(但在北极和瑞士阿尔卑斯山发现的微生物可以在更低的温度下工作：它们能够在59华氏度的温度下分解可生物降解的塑料。在这项新研究中，合著者Jel Rüthi和他的同事们发现，在总共34种被检测的微生物中，19种能够成功地分解一种叫做聚酯聚氨酯的塑料，17种可以分解两种可生物降解的塑料混合物)”可知，新发现检测到微生物可以分解更多的塑料，结合第三段提到之前研究中使用微生物的方法是不切实际的，可推知，第4段提到了这项新研究是为了表明这一发现为更有效的系统打开了大门。故选B。
11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“If we mve away frm the cnventinal nn-bidegradable materials, “and we start t use mre f these bidegradable plastics, then it’s gd that we knw hw t degrade them mre quickly s they’re less f an envirnmental prblem,” he cncluded.(如果我们不再使用传统的不可生物降解的材料，“我们开始更多地使用这些可生物降解的塑料，那么我们知道如何更快地降解它们，从而减少环境问题，这是件好事，”他总结道)”可知，Gavin Lear提到如果我们不再使用传统的不可生物降解的材料，我们开始更多地使用这些可生物降解的塑料，那么我们知道如何更快地降解它们，从而减少环境问题，由此说明使用天然微生物具有良好的优势。故划线词意思是“优势”。故选D。
D
A pair f researchers with Leibniz University f Hannver has demnstrated the means by which rbts might be prgrammed t experience smething similar t pain in animals. As part f their demnstratin at last week’s IEEE Internatinal Cnference n Rbtics and Autmatin held in Stckhlm, Jhannes Kuehn and Sami Haddaddin shwed hw pain might be used in rbts, by interacting with a BiTac fingertip sensr n the end f a Kuka rbtic arm that had been prgrammed t react differently t differing amunts f pain.
The idea f develping an artificial rbt nervus system may seem cntrary t all expectatins, but Kuehn says ding s is imprtant in the same way that it is gd fr humans t feel pain. “Pain is a system that prtects us,” says Kuchn. “When we avid the surce f pain, it helps us nt get hurt.” S when rbts can feel and react t pain, they will becme smart enugh t avid it. The mre dangerus the rbt registers the threat t be, the faster it will withdraw and avid the surce f danger. Additinally, Kuehn and Haddadin say humans wrking alngside rbts that feel pain, especially thse in heavy machinery, will be prtected arund them.
They have tested ut sme f their ideas using a rbtic arm with a fingertip sensr that can detect pressure and temperature. It uses a rbt-tissue patch (小片) mdeled n human skin t decide hw much pain shuld be felt and thus what actin t take. Fr example, if the arm feels light pain, it slwly withdraws until the pain stps, and then returns t its riginal task; severe pain, meanwhile, causes the arm t g int a kind f lckdwn mde until it can get help frm a human peratr.
Such rbts are likely t raise a hst f questins, f curse, if they becme mre cmmn — if a rbt acts the same way a human des when tuching a ht plate, are we t believe it is truly experiencing pain? Only time will tell f curse, but ne thing that is evident, Kuehn and Haddadin’s wrk culd lead t rbts that are mre human-like than ever.
12. What d we learn abut the rbts in the demnstratin?
A. They can learn skills like animals.B. They can cmmunicate with peple.
C. They have the ability t feel pain.D. They respnd differently t requests.
13. What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A. The significance f teaching rbts t feel pain.
B. The principle f rbts’ avidance f injuries.
C. The analysis f the artificial rbt nervus system.
D. The value f prtecting human wrkers frm injury.
14. What can we learn frm the example given in paragraph 3?
A. The rbt is smart enugh t carry ut different tasks.
B. The rbt can hardly wrk as well as a human peratr.
C. The rbt can react differently based n degrees f pain.
D. The rbt is tlerant f changes f pressure and temperature.
15. What is the authr’s attitude tward Kuehn and Haddadin’s study?
A. Dismissive.B. Dubtful.C. Unclear.D. Optimistic.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以感知疼痛的机器人，解释了教会机器人感知疼痛的意义以及机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As part f their demnstratin at last week’s IEEE Internatinal Cnference n Rbtics and Autmatin held in Stckhlm, Jhannes Kuehn and Sami Haddaddin shwed hw pain might be used in rbts, by interacting with a BiTac fingertip sensr n the end f a Kuka rbtic arm that had been prgrammed t react differently t differing amunts f pain.(上周在斯德哥尔摩举行的IEEE机器人与自动化国际会议上，Jhannes Kuehn和Sami Haddaddin展示了疼痛如何应用于机器人，通过与Kuka机械臂末端的BiTac指尖传感器进行交互，该传感器已被编程为对不同程度的疼痛做出不同的反应)”可知，演示中的机器人有感觉疼痛的能力。故选C。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The idea f develping an artificial rbt nervus system may seem cntrary t all expectatins, but Kuehn says ding s is imprtant in the same way that it is gd fr humans t feel pain. “Pain is a system that prtects us,” says Kuchn. “When we avid the surce f pain, it helps us nt get hurt.” S when rbts can feel and react t pain, they will becme smart enugh t avid it. The mre dangerus the rbt registers the threat t be, the faster it will withdraw and avid the surce f danger. Additinally, Kuehn and Haddadin say humans wrking alngside rbts that feel pain, especially thse in heavy machinery, will be prtected arund them.(开发人工机器人神经系统的想法似乎与所有人的期望相反，但库恩说，这样做很重要，就像人类感觉疼痛一样。“疼痛是一种保护我们的系统，”库恩说。“当我们避开痛苦的根源时，它就能帮助我们不受伤。”因此，当机器人能够感受到疼痛并做出反应时，它们将变得足够聪明，能够避免疼痛。机器人发现的威胁越危险，它就会越快地撤离并避开危险源。此外，Kuehn和hadadin说，人类和机器人一起工作，尤其是那些在重型机械上工作的机器人，将会受到保护)”可知，第二段主要讲的是教会机器人感知疼痛的意义。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Fr example, if the arm feels light pain, it slwly withdraws until the pain stps, and then returns t its riginal task; severe pain, meanwhile, causes the arm t g int a kind f lckdwn mde until it can get help frm a human peratr.(例如，如果手臂感到轻微疼痛，它就会慢慢退缩，直到疼痛停止，然后再回到原来的工作中；与此同时，剧烈的疼痛会导致手臂进入一种锁定模式，直到它能得到人类操作员的帮助)”可知，机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Only time will tell f curse, but ne thing that is evident, Kuehn and Haddadin’s wrk culd lead t rbts that are mre human-like than ever. (当然，只有时间才能告诉我们答案，但有一件事是显而易见的，库恩和哈达丁的工作可能会让机器人变得比以往任何时候都更像人类)”可推知，作者对库恩和哈达丁的研究持乐观态度。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When smething ges wrng, d yu tend t bunce back r fall apart? Here are sme strategics t help yu manage a persnal setback (挫折) and get back n track tward achieving yur gal.
● Realize it’s nrmal. Less than 20 percent f peple successfully achieve their gal the first time arund. It’s nrmal and expected fr setbacks t ccur. ___16___ Knwing this, it’s imprtant t anticipate that the main task will be hw t effectively manage the setback when it arises.
● Dn’t deny it. Smetimes it’s hard t recgnize a setback. The prblem can be staring yu right in the face, but yu may deny there’s any cause fr alarm. ___17___ This inability t acknwledge the prblem desn’t mean yu’re stupid. It’s just that denial can clud yur awareness f the issue. It’s imprtant t be receptive t the hnest feedback.
___18___Stp and cnsider carefully what went wrng. The mst cmmn causes f a setback are persnal wrries, vercnfidence, and pr cping skills. Take a lk at any factr that may have cntributed t the setback: where yu were, wh yu were with, what yu were thinking and feeling.
● Learn frm it. Learn frm yur analysis f the setback, and adjust yur plan t try t prevent similar things frm happening the next time. Each time yu fine-tune yur plan and put it int actin again, yu actually imprve yur dds f eventual success. ___19___
Remind yurself that yur setback is a slip instead f a fall. ___20___ After adjusting, yu can still make prgress tward success again.
A. Dn’t take it seriusly.
B. Analyze what happened.
C. Yu haven’t lst all f the knwledge, skills, and supprt.
D. In ther wrds, it’s nt whether a challenge will happen, but it’s when.
E. This is because yu learn frm each misstep t make yur plan mre effective.
F. Friends r family will vice their cncerns, but yu still may nt be able t accept it.
G. Yu might even write abut past experiences in a jurnal t guide yur future behavir.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些有助于处理个人挫折并回到实现目标的轨道上的策略。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Less than 20 percent f peple successfully achieve their gal the first time arund. It’s nrmal and expected fr setbacks t ccur.(只有不到20%的人第一次就成功实现了自己的目标。出现挫折是正常的，也是意料之中的。)”可知，此处是指挫折大概率是会发生的，只是早晚的区别，所以选项D“换句话说，挑战是否会发生并不重要，重要的是何时发生。”切合文意。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Smetimes it’s hard t recgnize a setback. The prblem can be staring yu right in the face, but yu may deny there’s any cause fr alarm.(有时候很难察觉到挫折。问题可能就在你眼前，但你可能会否认有任何惊慌的理由。)”可知，此处是指即使朋友或家人提醒你也可能无法承认问题的存在，所以选项F“朋友或家人会表达他们的担忧，但你可能仍然无法接受。”切合文意。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Stp and cnsider carefully what went wrng.(停下来仔细想想哪里出了问题。)”可知，此处是指分析发生的事情，所以选项B“分析发生了什么。”切合文意。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Learn frm it. Learn frm yur analysis f the setback, and adjust yur plan t try t prevent similar things frm happening the next time. Each time yu fine-tune yur plan and put it int actin again, yu actually imprve yur dds f eventual success.(从中吸取教训。从你对挫折的分析中学习，调整你的计划，尽量防止类似的事情再次发生。每次你调整你的计划并再次付诸行动，你实际上提高了最终成功的几率。)”可知，此处是指从挫折中吸取的教训会让你的计划更高效，所以选项E“这是因为你从每一个错误中学习，使你的计划更有效。”切合文意。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Remind yurself that yur setback is a slip instead f a fall.(提醒自己，你的挫折是一次滑倒，而不是跌倒。)”和后文“After adjusting, yu can still make prgress tward success again.(调整之后，你仍然可以再次向成功迈进。)”可知，此处是讲即使面对挫折你仍然具有的优势，所以选项C“你并没有失去所有的知识、技能和支持。”切合文意。故选C。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Abigail Adjiri tk part in a cmpetitin fr kids aged 7 thrugh 12. She, at nly, has taken Ghana by ___21___, winning ver viewers with her impressive dance mves. It’s nt ___22___fr mst peple t becme skilled dancers, especially fr little Abigail wh is ___23___.
Abigail has been trained t ___24___ the vibratins (震动) she feels with her feet,___25___ listening t the beat f sngs. Her precise calculatins have allwed her t ___26___impressive mves. Still, Abigail’s Mm was ___27___ abut the fact that their gal was t get the 7-year-ld a hearing aid — but they needed ___28___. They made this knwn n “Onua Shwtime with Nana Ama MeBrwn”, a talk shw in Ghana.
A wman named Jyce, wh heard little Abigail’s stry, was ___29___ t cme t her assistance. After reaching ut t MeBrwn, she was able t ____30____ $ 5,000 fr the hearing aid and$ 400 fr insurance s that it can be replaced r ____31____, if needed.
As yu can imagine, Abigail and her Mm were ____32____. In fact, the tw f them returned t MeBrwn’s shw where the 7-year-ld happily shwed ff her new ____33____, with the help f which little Abigail answered questins frm the MeBrwn. The pure jy n Abigail’s face is abslutely ____34____. Flks like Jyce truly serve as a ____35____ that there is mre gd in the wrld than we realize at times.
21.
A. nameB. reputatinC. designD. strm
22.
A. fairB. easyC. surprisingD. secret
23.
A. ne-armedB. bw-leggedC. deafD. blind
24.
A. resistB. interruptC. adjustD. match
25.
A. rather thanB. thanks tC. regardless fD. apart frm
26.
A. pull ffB. slw dwnC. lk intD. refer t
27.
A. curiusB. hesitantC. nervusD. frank
28.
A. trustB. luckC. helpD. curage
29.
A. mvedB. surprisedC. gratefulD. brave
30.
A. saveB. dnateC. investD. make
31.
A. repairedB. damagedC. abandnedD. shared
32.
A. n the gB. ver the mnC. under a cludD. at a lss
33.
A. danceB. sngC. awardD. device
34.
A. awkwardB. pintlessC. pricelessD. beneficial
35.
A. slutinB. reminderC. warningD. discvery
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了耳聋的女孩Abigail Adjiri参加了一项针对7至12岁儿童的比赛，用她令人印象深刻的舞蹈动作赢得了观众。同时她的故事还感动了一位叫乔伊斯的妇女，为她捐款购买了新的助听器。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她，仅仅是在加纳掀起了一场风暴，用她令人印象深刻的舞蹈动作赢得了观众。A. name名字；B. reputatin名誉；C. design设计；D. strm风暴。根据后文“winning ver viewers with her impressive dance mves”指她的舞蹈风靡一时，短语by strm表示“风靡一时”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于大多数人来说，成为熟练的舞者并不容易，尤其是对于耳聋的小阿比盖尔来说。A. fair公平的；B. easy容易的；C. surprising惊人的；D. secret秘密的。根据后文“fr mst peple t becme skilled dancers”指成为熟练的舞者不容易，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于大多数人来说，成为熟练的舞者并不容易，尤其是对于耳聋的小阿比盖尔来说。A. ne-armed独臂的；B. bw-legged罗圈腿的；C. deaf聋的；D. blind盲目的。根据后文“get the 7-year-ld a hearing aid”可知，阿比盖尔耳聋，听不见。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿比盖尔被训练成用脚来配合她感受到的震动，而不是听歌曲的节拍。A. resist抵抗；B. interrupt打断；C. adjust调整；D. match配合，匹配。根据后文“the vibratins she feels with her feet”可知，她被训练成用脚来配合她感受到的震动，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：阿比盖尔被训练成用脚来配合她感受到的震动，而不是听歌曲的节拍。A. rather than而不是；B. thanks t由于；C. regardless f不管；D. apart frm除了。根据上文“the vibratins she feels with her feet”可知，因为耳聋，阿比盖尔被训练成用脚来配合她感受到的震动，而不是听歌曲的节拍。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她精确的计算使她能够完成令人印象深刻的动作。A. pull ff成功完成；B. slw dwn减速；C. lk int调查；D. refer t参考。根据后文“impressive mves”指通过训练完成舞蹈动作。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，阿比盖尔的妈妈还是坦率地说，他们的目标是给这个7岁的孩子戴上助听器——但他们需要帮助。A. curius好奇的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. nervus紧张的；D. frank坦白的。根据后文“abut the fact that their gal was t get the 7-year-ld a hearing aid”指她的妈妈坦白了要戴助听器的事实。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，阿比盖尔的妈妈还是坦率地说，他们的目标是给这个7岁的孩子戴上助听器——但他们需要帮助。A. trust信任；B. luck运气；C. help帮助；D. curage勇气。根据后文“$5,000 fr the hearing aid and $400 fr insurance”提到了筹款，可知他们需要外界的帮助。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫乔伊斯的妇女听到小阿比盖尔的故事后，深受感动，前来帮助她。A. mved感动的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. grateful感谢的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“t cme t her assistance”可知，妇女帮助女孩是因为被故事所感动。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在与麦克布朗取得联系后，她捐了5000美元购买助听器，400美元作为保险费，以便在需要时更换或修理助听器。A. save挽救；B. dnate捐赠；C. invest投资；D. make制作。根据后文“$5,000 fr the hearing aid”可知，她捐了5000美元购买助听器，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在与麦克布朗取得联系后，她捐了5000美元购买助听器，400美元作为保险费，以便在需要时更换或修理助听器。A. repaired修理；B. damaged破坏；C. abandned抛弃；D. shared分享。根据上文“$400 fr insurance s that it can be replaced r”可知，四百美元用于更换或修理助听器。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：你可以想象，阿比盖尔和她妈妈欣喜若狂。A. n the g在行动中；B. ver the mn兴高采烈；C. under a clud受到怀疑；D. at a lss茫然。根据后文“The pure jy n Abigail’s face”可知，母女俩得到了帮助都很高兴。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们俩回到了麦克布朗的节目中，7岁的小女孩高兴地展示了她的新设备，小阿比盖尔在它的帮助下回答了来自MeBrwn的问题。A. dance舞蹈；B. sng歌曲；C. award奖励；D. device设备。此处指上文“$5,000 fr the hearing aid”她新获得的助听器设备。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿比盖尔脸上纯粹的喜悦绝对是无价的。A. awkward尴尬的；B. pintless毫无意义的；C. priceless无价的；D. beneficial有益的。根据上文“The pure jy n Abigail’s face is abslutely”可知，耳聋的女孩得到了他人的帮助，所以脸上纯粹的喜悦绝对是无价的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：像乔伊斯这样的人确实提醒我们，世界上有比我们有时意识到的更多的美好。A. slutin解决方案；B. reminder提醒人/物；C. warning警告；D. discvery发现。根据后文“that there is mre gd in the wrld than we realize at times”可知，像乔伊斯这样的人是一个提醒人物，提醒我们世界上有比我们有时意识到的更多的美好。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a Chinese stry f an ld man in his 90s wrking with his family t remve muntains t cnnect the utside wrld ___36___ thers’ dubts. The stry has inspired the Chinese t unite and vercme difficulty with ___37___ (determine) and hard wrk.
The stry became a reality in Lin Cunty, Henan Prvince in the 1960s. A 1,500-kilmeter-lng waterway alng the cliffs (悬崖) f the Taihang Muntains ___38___ (build) by the lcal peple within 10 years, bringing precius water frm the Zhanghe River in the brdering Shanxi Prvince t the drught-hit area.
Initially, finding drinking water was ___39___ headache fr residents: Peple had t fetch water frm five kilmeters away every day. ___40___ (ease) this area’s water shrtages, the lcal gvernment decided t cnstruct a canal acrss the muntains,___41___cnstructin was a remarkable engineering achievement.
Peple tied rpes arund their waists and ___42___ (hang) ff cliffs, drilling hles in rck, and then dug canals with simple tls. Frm February 1960 t July 1969,they leveled 1,250 muntain tps and dug 211 tunnels (隧道),___43___ (remve) 22.25 millin cubic meters f earth and rcks.
Their effrts gained multiple ___44___ (benefit). It was the canal that ____45____ (dramatic) changed the life f the lcal peple, irrigating (灌溉) 36,000 hectares f land and slving water supply difficulties t sme 567,000 peple. Their deeds have been hailed (称颂) as the “spirit f the Red Flag Canal.”
【答案】36. despite
37. determinatin
38. was built
39. a 40. T ease
41. whse 42. hung
43. remving
44. benefits
45. dramatically
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上世纪60年代，河南省林县人民在10年内沿着太行山的悬崖修建了一条1500公里长的水道，将宝贵水资源输送到干旱地区。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国有这样一个故事：一位90多岁的老人不顾别人的怀疑，和家人一起拆除大山，连接外面的世界。后跟名词作宾语，表示“不顾”应用介词despite。故填despite。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：这个故事激励了中国人团结起来，用决心和努力克服困难。作介词with的宾语，应用名词determinatin，故填determinatin。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：当地人民在10年内沿着太行山的悬崖修建了一条1500公里长的水道，将与山西接壤的漳河的宝贵水资源输送到干旱地区。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文within 10 years可知发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为A 1,500-kilmeter-lng waterway，谓语用单数。故填was built。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最初，寻找饮用水对居民来说是件头疼的事：人们不得不每天从五公里外的地方打水。此处headache为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了缓解这一地区的缺水问题，当地政府决定在山区修建一条运河，这是一项了不起的工程成就。分析句子结构可知ease在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，首字母大写。故填T ease。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了缓解这一地区的缺水问题，当地政府决定在山区修建一条运河，这是一项了不起的工程成就。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词canal，关系词在从句作定语，应用whse。故填whse。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：人们把绳子系在腰上，挂在悬崖上，在岩石上钻孔，然后用简单的工具挖运河。根据上文“Peple tied rpes arund their waists and”可知为一般过去时。故填hung。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从1960年2月到1969年7月，他们夷平了1250座山顶，挖了211条隧道，移走了2225万立方米的土石。分析句子结构可知remve与逻辑主语they构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填remving。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：他们的努力获得了多方面的好处。根据上文multiple可知benefit应用复数形式。故填benefits。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：正是这条运河极大地改变了当地人民的生活，灌溉了3.6万公顷土地，解决了约56万7000人的供水困难。修饰动词change应用副词dramatically，故填dramatically。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你从网上得知联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）将在你的家乡举办“一带一路”（the Belt and Rad Initial）茶文化交流活动。请你写一封英文信申请做志愿者。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 对活动的认识；
3. 个人优势。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir r Madam,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Sir r Madam,
I am writing t apply as a vlunteer fr “the Belt and Rad Initial” Tea Culture Exchange event t be rganized by UNESCO in my hmetwn.
Accrding t me, this event presents a unique pprtunity t prmte cultural exchange and understanding. It will serve as a platfrm fr shwcasing the rich and diverse tea cultures f different cuntries, fstering mutual respect and appreciatin amng participants.
I have a gd understanding f the imprtance f tea culture and its significance in the histry and traditins f ur regin. It has been several years since I was fascinated by the art f tea making and brewing. Mrever, my excellent cmmunicatin skills and ability t wrk well with thers will make me a valuable additin t the vlunteer team.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，写一封英文信申请做“一带一路”茶文化交流活动的志愿者，需表述写信的目的，谈论自己对活动本身的认识，并介绍个人的优势。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
机会：pprtunity→chance
展示：shwcase→display, exhibit
丰富的：rich→abundant, plentiful
培养：fster→develp, nurture
迷住：fascinate→attract, captivate
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Accrding t me, this event presents a unique pprtunity t prmte cultural exchange and understanding.
拓展句：I believe that this event presents a unique pprtunity t prmte cultural exchange and understanding.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It will serve as a platfrm fr shwcasing the rich and diverse tea cultures f different cuntries, fstering mutual respect and appreciatin amng participants. (运用了现在分词短语fstering…作状语)
[高分句型2] It has been several years since I was fascinated by the art f tea making and brewing. (运用了since引导时间状语从句)
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Catherine had stayed at hme all her life t lk after her three children, but nw, she, wh lst her husband in a car accident, had t step ut and earn mney t make ends meet. With zer wrk experience and n prfessinal degree, her chances f getting hired fr a well-paid jb were next t zer.
One day, after drpping her children at schl, Catherine sptted a cnstructin site. “I think I can wrk here,” she thught and apprached the manager.
“Hi, are yu hiring?” she asked. “Yes, we are,” the manager lked at Catherine frm head t te. “Are yu sure yu can wrk here? This jb requires a lt f hard wrk.” “I’m ready fr it,” she tld the manager and signed a cntract t wrk a 12-hur shift.
Hwever, Catherine kept her new jb a secret frm her children. She thught they wuld feel embarrassed after learning their mther wrked at a cnstructin site.
Every mrning, after drpping her children t schl, she wuld g t the cnstructin site and wrk until her shift ended. She wuld pick up heavy bricks n her shulder t transprt them frm ne part f the site t the ther. One evening, Catherine’s sn, Peter, tld her abut an upcming cntest in schl that required mthers t participate. In the cmpetitin, students will wear blindflds and have t recgnize their mthers withut lking at them. “That sunds like such a cl event, Peter!” Catherine said excitedly. “I can’t wait fr it!” “I wn’t g therewith yu, mm,” Peter replied. “But why?” What her sn said next was smething Catherine wasn’t prepared t hear.
“Mm, I wuld have t tuch yur hands t recgnize yu, and everyne wuld lk at them,” Peter explained. “Yur hands are s ugly. They’re s hard and rugh,” he added. “I will feel s embarrassed when my classmates lk at yur hands,” the by said. “I wn’t attend the event.” Catherine felt terrible but culdn’t say anything in her defense.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
A few weeks later, Peter was walking hme when smething unexpected caught his attentin.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
On his way back hme, he kept thinking abut hw he wuld aplgize t his mther:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
A few weeks later, Peter was walking hme when smething unexpected caught his attentin. On a cnstructin site, a familiar shrt thin female figure was busy carrying heavy bricks amng a grup f men. She used her hands t pick up bricks ne by ne and arrange them in a pile s that she culd mve them. Sweat pured dwn her face, but she had n time t wipe it ff. Peter’s eyes gt wet. That’s her mther, wh he thught wuld make him embarrassed in frnt f thers. Seeing the surprising scene, he had mixed feelings and ran ff.
Paragraph 2:
On his way back hme, he kept thinking abut hw he wuld aplgize t his mther. He came int the kitchen, where Catherine was preparing dinner, wrds failing him. Catherine nticed him stand still and then asked curiusly, “What’s the matter, Peter?” With a deep breath, Peter said, “I’m srry, Mm. Yu have always been lking after us while I have made yu sad.” Catherine smiled, and nw she knew that Peter had already fund her secret, saying, “That’s OK, sn. But I really hpe yu will participate in that cntest.” “Of curse, I want t let everyne watch my mm’s hands. I really feel prud f it!” Peter said firmly.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Catherine为了维持一家人的生计，瞒着孩子们去工地上工作。她的儿子Peter告诉她学校即将有一场蒙眼猜人的比赛，但他不想让众人看到Catherine粗糙且丑陋的手，所以不打算参加。Catherine听到这些感觉很糟糕。一天Peter回家的时候无意间发现了妈妈工作的秘密，他意识到了自己的错误，于是向Catherine道歉，并决定和Catherine一起参加比赛。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，彼得走在回家的路上，一件意想不到的事情引起了他的注意”可知，第一段可描写彼得发现妈妈在工地搬砖头，十分辛苦，他感到内疚。
②由第二段首句内容“在回家的路上，他一直在想该如何向母亲道歉”可知，第二段可描写彼得向母亲道歉以及决定参加比赛。
2.续写线索：彼得回家——发现妈妈搬砖——彼得内疚——彼得道歉——决心参赛——彼得感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①跑开：run ff/run away
②照顾：lk after/take care f
③参加：participate in /take part in
情绪类
①尴尬：embarrassed/awkward
②惊人：surprising/astnishing
【点睛】[高分句型1] She used her hands t pick up bricks ne by ne and arrange them in a pile s that she culd mve them. (运用了s that引导目的状语从句和不定式作状语)
[高分句型2] He came int the kitchen, where Catherine was preparing dinner, wrds failing him. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句和独立主格结构)
听力1-5 BACBC 6-10 BACAB 11-15 ACBAC 16-20 CBABA