河南省2024届高三下学期普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份河南省2024届高三下学期普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
The Best Writing Cntests f 2024
Kentucky Visins Shrt Stry Cntest
The Kentucky Visins Shrt Stry Cntest, an annual cntest, is designed t highlight Kentucky’s rich literary talent and celebrate the best in shrt fictin written by Kentuckians r abut ur belved Bluegrass State.
Tp prize Best entry: $500
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline March 31, 2024
Fictin Factry Flash Fictin
This is an internatinal cmpetitin—we welcme entries frm arund the wrld. Maximum wrd cunt: 1,000, Stries may be n any theme. Entries must be previusly unpublished. Results will be annunced by April 2024. Minimum age: 16 years. Children’s cmpsitins cannt be accepted sadly.
Tp prize Best entry: £500
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline March 31, 2024
Jurnalism Cmpetitin 2024
What are the mst imprtant issues taking place clse t hme? Perhaps a rare bird sighting near yur twn? Or a band f yung peple in yur prvince fighting fr access t higher educatin? This mnth, invlve yurself in a newswrthy event inside the brders f yur wn cuntry, and invite us there thrugh yur written reprting.
Tp prize Best entry: $100
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline July 22, 2024
Petry & Spken Wrd Cmpetitin 2024
“Petry lays the fundatins fr a future f change,” wrte Audre Lrde. This mnth, sw yur wn seeds f change int petry, r else write and perfrm an riginal piece f spken wrd(petry perfrmed alud). We’ll award tw tp prizes-ne fr a written pem, and ne fr a recrded perfrmance.
Tp prize Best entry: $100
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline May 27, 2024
1．Which cntest accepts entries bth at hme and abrad?
A. Kentucky Visins Shrt Stry Cntest.
B. Fictin Factry Flash Fictin.
C. Jurnalism Cmpetitin 2024.
D. Petry&-Spken Wrd Cmpetitin 2024.
2．What d we knw abut Petry&-Spken Wrd Cmpetitin 2024?
A. It ffers tw first prizes.
B. It nly requests written cmpsitins.
C. It prvides the highest awards.
D. It inspires students t perfrm actively.
3．What is the authr’s purpse f writing the text?
A. T cmpare sme writing cntests.
B. T recmmend gd writing cntests.
C. T share tips n winning writing cntests.
D. T remind students t enter writing cntests.
“Will yu g n this ride with me? ”my friend’s eleven-year-ld daughter Jenny asked. I culd have made up an excuse fr nt wanting t have a g. But earlier that mrning, I was ready t push myself ut f my cmfrt zne. Jenny stared at the ride, eager t experience the same excitement as the brave grup f riders in frnt f us. I culdn’t say n.
After climbing int ur seats, an attendant reached up, pulled dwn the bar, and lcked it in place. The ride lifted us slwly, then turned us ver like the blueberry pancakes I had eaten three hurs earlier, and hped t keep in their prper place. As I stared at the cncrete directly belw us, I had a sudden feeling f great fear. I wndered if I had replacement cverage fr the phne that I was sure wuld slip ut f my pcket and break int a millin tiny pieces. I wndered when my new health insurance wuld kick in.
The ride tuched dwn after twisting and turning ur bdies. My friend was waiting fr us at the exit. “Hw was it?” she asked. “Fine. N big deal,” I said, even thugh my head was spinning(旋转)like ne f the ther annying machines dtting the midway.
Jenny walked ahead f us and cnvinced me t keep taking chances and sample mre rides.
“Oh, lk at the pirate ship(海盗船)!” she said. “That lks like a calm ride.”
“Let’s g, Auntie!” she said as she rushed t jin thers in line.
I fllwed her, cnfident the ride wuld be uneventful. When I reached the bttm, I tapped ut like a WWF wrestler admitting defeat. Althugh my bdy was shaking and my head was still spinning, I felt exhilarated just like I was n clud nine. That mrning, I had set a gal, taken my first step t reach it, and felt the jy f achievement.
Each time yu try smething fr the first time, yu will grw—a little piece f the fear f the unknwn is remved and replaced with a sense f satisfactin.
4．What made the authr decide t try riding with Jenny?
A. The desired lk in Jenny’s eyes.
B. The curisity abut the unknwn.
C. The encuragement frm ther riders.
D. The eagerness t experience smething exciting.
5．What happened t the authr when she was in the high sky?
A. She lst her phne.B. She gt int a panic.
C. She was served pancakes.D. She almst fell ff the seat.
6．What des the underlined wrd “exhilarated” in paragraph 7 mean?
A. Occupied.B. Excited.C. Cnfused.D. Disappinted.
7．What message des the stry cnvey?
A. He wh hesitates is lst.
B. It’s never t late t learn.
C. One’s ptential can’t always be underrated.
D. It’s wrthwhile t get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
Califrnia has been using recycled wastewater fr many years. A team has used it t make ice surfaces fr the game f hckey(冰球运动). It has been used t make snw fr the sprt f skiing. And farmers use it t water their crps. But it has nt been used directly fr drinking water.
Recently, Califrnia fficials apprved new rules t let water agencies recycle wastewater and put it right back int the pipes that carry drinking water t hmes, schls, and businesses. It is a big step fr Califrnia.
Califrnia’s new rules wuld let—but nt require—water agencies t take wastewater, treat it, and then put it right back int the drinking water system. That means prving t peple that recycled water is nt nly safe t drink but als nt dirty. Califrnia wuld be just the secnd US state t permit this, fllwing Clrad. It has taken fficials mre than 10 years t develp these rules, a prcess that included several studies by independent grups f scientists.
A prject in San Dieg is aiming t prduce nearly half f the city’s water thrugh recycling wastewater by 2035. And the Metrplitan Water District f Suthern Califrnia aims t prduce up t nearly 570 millin liters(升)a day fr its 19 millin peple. Adel Hagekhalil is with Metrplitan Water. He said the new rules will permit new prjects that have nt yet been cnsidered.
Califrnia’s new rules require the wastewater be treated fr all bacteria and viruses, even if they are nt present in the wastewater. In fact, the treatment is s intense that it remves all f the minerals that make fresh drinking water taste gd. That means the minerals need t be added back at the end f the prcess. Plhemus is a directr f the drinking water grup fr the Califrnia Water Resurces Cntrl Bard. “It’s at the same drinking water quality, and prbably better in many instances,” he said, adding that it takes time and mney t build these treatment centers. S, they will nly be available fr bigger cities at first.
8．What des paragraph 1 mainly tell us abut the recycled wastewater?
A. Its qualities.B. Its functins.
C. Its target users.D. Its disadvantages.
9．What d Califrnia and Clrad have in cmmn?
A. They made sme new rules n pllutin.
B. They spent ten years recycling wastewater.
C. They tried t make wastewater safe t drink.
D. They requested water agencies t speed up treating water.
10．What is Plhemus’s attitude t turning recycled wastewater t drinking water?
A. Dubtful.B. Favrable.C. Pessimistic.D. Indifferent.
11．What is the best title fr the text?
A. The Prcess f Recycling Wastewater Is Cmplicated
B. Califrnia Tries t Reduce the Wastewater Generatin
C. Califrnia Permits Turning Wastewater t Drinking Water
D. New Wastewater Treatment Prjects Have Been Apprved
“Given that signs f Alzheimer’s disease (老年痴呆症) start t accumulate in the brain several decades befre the disease begins, understanding the cnnectin between sleep and cgnitin (认知) earlier in life is critical fr understanding the rle f sleep prblems as a risk factr fr the disease,” said study authr Yue Leng, PhD, f the University f Califrnia, San Francisc.
The study invlved 526 peple with an average age f 40. They were fllwed fr 11 years. Researchers lked at participants’ sleep duratin and quality. Participants wre a wrist activity mnitr fr three cntinuus days n tw ccasins apprximately ne year apart t calculate their averages. Participants slept fr an average f six hurs. Participants als reprted bedtime and wake-up time in a sleep diary and cmpleted a sleep quality survey with scres ranging frm 0 t 21. A ttal f 239 peple reprted pr sleep with a scre greater than five.
Researchers als lked at sleep fragmentatin (碎片化), a measure f restlessness during the sleep perid expressed as a percentage. The higher the value, the mre sleep is interrupted. Participants were divided int three grups based n their sleep fragmentatin scre. Of the 175 peple with the mst interrupted sleep, 44 had pr cgnitive perfrmance 10 years later, cmpared t 10 f the 176 peple with the least interrupted sleep.
After adjusting fr age, sex, race, and educatin, peple wh had the mst interrupted sleep had mre than twice the pssibility f having pr cgnitive perfrmance when cmpared t thse with the least interrupted sleep. There was n difference in cgnitive perfrmance at midlife fr thse in the middle grup cmpared t the grup with the least interrupted sleep.
Hwever, due t the small sample size, the researchers were unable t fully investigate ptential race r sex differences. “Mre research is needed t assess the link between sleep disturbances and cgnitin at different life stages and t identify if critical life perids exist when sleep is mre strngly assciated with cgnitin,” Leng said.
12．What d we knw abut Yue Leng’s study?
A. Data cllectin was an easy prcess.
B. It aimed t find a cure fr Alzheimer’s.
C. The results were far frm satisfactry.
D. Higher scres mean prer sleep quality.
13．What can we learn abut sleep fragmentatin in the study?
A. It did require utside interventin.
B. It included a series f memry tests.
C. It measured shrt interruptins f sleep.
D. It determined thse participants’ grups.
14．What d the findings indicate accrding t the text?
A. The quality f sleep may affect cgnitive health.
B. Keeping a sleep diary can imprve ne’s sleep quality.
C. Peple sleeping well wn’t suffer frm Alzheimer’s disease.
D. Peple with interrupted sleep wn’t have memry prblems.
15．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. The majr limitatin f the study.
B. An explanatin f the research methd.
C. A pssible reasn fr the study findings.
D. The use f careful investigatins in real life.
二、七选五
16．Test anxiety exists and is a cmmn prblem amng students. ① _________. When yu’re stressed and anxius during an exam, yur mind has a tendency t g cmpletely blank. Here are sme tips n hw t reduce r vercme test anxiety.
Get t knw the material
First, yu need t knw the tpic f the exam. ② _________. Knwing as much as pssible abut the material can get yu ready fr the test. As t any exam, learn yur material thrughly. Memrize what needs t be memrized and understand what needs t be understd.
Slw dwn and calm yurself
③ _________. S when the test starts, rather than immediately jumping t answer the questins, relax first t get yur mind t wrk. Wait fr the class t settle dwn befre yu start answering. Saying a few wrds f encuragement and cnscius breathing can help yu calm yurself dwn.
④ _________
If yu have an hur fr an exam, try t cnsume every secnd f that hur in answering the best pssible chice. There are n rewards fr finishing first!
Silence unwanted pressures
Believe it r nt, chances are that ther students can be a surce f majr anxiety during the test. Seeing them cramming (恶补), telling yu what yu need t remember and what might shw up in the exam will affect yur preparatin. Get past thrugh the negative and unwanted thughts and remind yurself f hw well yu knw abut the tpic. Avid speaking with any fellw classmates wh are nt prepared and wh express negativity. ⑤ _________.
A. Dare t be the first
B. Budget and cnsume yur time
C. A sund sleep may help yu ease the test anxiety
D. They might destry all that yu have prepared fr
E. Anyne taking an exam experiences sme level f anxiety
F. Rushing thrugh a test can make yu read the questins and chices incrrectly
G. Als, find ut hw many questins there wuld be n the test and the required time fr it
三、完形填空（15空）
Zac Clark was ding yard wrk with his mther this past weekend. They 1 heard their neighbr’s wife calling fr help. She tld them her husband was 2 underneath their car.
Zac didn’t 3 t rush ver t their huse t help. “Instincts (本能) kicked in and I just ran ver there. I guess the jack (千斤顶) brke r 4 and the car fell n tp f him,” Zac said. “The nly thing I culd see was his legs and he was 5 .” Then, withut any 6 , Zac came up and used all his strength t 7 the car ff his neighbr a little bit. Then his wife and Zac’s mm culd 8 him ut frm under it. Immediately the 9 neighbr gt rushed t the hspital.
“He had a cuple f brken bnes and his face was messed up pretty bad, but the dctrs tld him if I wasn’t there, then he’d be 10 ,” Zac said.
Zac’s ftball cach Dave Carrll said he was 11 when he heard abut what Zac had dne. “He has just a 12 heart,” Carrll said. “Here’s a yung man wh’s been 13 sadness himself with his father passing away last summer, but he had n hesitatin in saving smebdy’s life.”
Zac said he was thinking f his late 14 as he lifted the car and wanted his neighbr t be able t spend his life with his family.
The lucky man is nw 15 at hme.
17．A. actuallyB. graduallyC. suddenlyD. initially
18．A. trappedB. laidC. threatenedD. abandned
19．A. affrdB. hesitateC. intendD. dare
20．A. functinedB. maintainedC. slippedD. switched
21．A. bservingB. strugglingC. resistingD. crying
22．A. delayB. recgnitinC. referenceD. cmparisn
23．A. fixB. pressC. restreD. lift
24．A. kickB. pullC. pickD. guide
25．A. savedB. separatedC. preparedD. admitted
26．A. dizzyB. absentC. deadD. lst
27．A. satisfiedB. amazedC. cnfusedD. excited
28．A. healthyB. sftC. strngD. lyal
29．A. ging thrughB. taking nC. wrking utD. adapting t
30．A. teacherB. mtherC. neighbrD. father
31．A. exercisingB. cmpetingC. prmtingD. recvering
四、短文填空
32．Chinese calligraphy is① _________ artistic practice f writing Chinese characters, ften with a brush and ink n xuan paper. The develpment f Chinese calligraphy began alngside the earliest Chinese characters② _________ (discver) t date—abut frm the Shang Dynasty in Anyang, Henan prvince. Over time, calligraphy gradually tk shape③ _________ a frm f art rather than a mere means f recrd. The five majr styles f handwriting, running, regular, fficial, seal and cursive (篆书和草书), were brn frm such calligraphy.
Calligraphy is a demanding and advanced art. The utput can④ _________ (affect) by the brush, ink and paper. Structure f individual characters and spatial layut (空间布局) as a whle determine⑤ _________ (it) quality. Mrever, it is said that the emtins and philsphy f the writer are directly reflected n calligraphy. Calligraphy is refined (文雅的) art. Lan Ting Xu (The Orchid Pavilin Preface), created by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), is ne f the mst celebrated⑥ _________ (wrk) f Chinese calligraphy. ⑦ _________ (pssess) bth histrical and cultural significance in Chinese literature, it is a kind f elegant and⑧ _________ (express) brushwrk. Calligraphy is als within reach. ⑨ _________ there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy. The artistry is still⑩ _________ (high) valued tday, fr it is mre than just writing, it is a living heritage.
五、书面表达
33．为了忆传统、品文化、秀风采，你校计划于下周五举办传统文化大赛，请你在校英文报上介绍这项活动并呼吁同学们积极参与。内容包括：
1. 介绍活动；
2. 呼吁参加。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Traditinal Culture Cntest
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六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The annual campus singing cmpetitin was arund the crner, and psters cvered the schl walls, urging students t shw their vcal talents. At the sight f the psters, Emma’s mind went back t that fateful day when she faced an expectant audience, their eyes fixed n her, eager t hear her sing. But as she brught the micrphne t her lips, a surprising silence surrunded her. The micrphne was ut f functin. Immediately panic surged (涌现) thrugh her like a sudden thunderstrm, leaving her at a lss under the sptlight. The sng that shuld have filled the rm with her pleasant vice remained unsung. Then having a spare micrphne didn’t prevent Emma’s perfrmance frm being influenced, resulting in her failure t secure a place.
Emma had been fnd f singing frm a yung age and music used t be part f her life. But this deep lve fr singing had been vershadwed by that awful memry.
Emma paused as her eyes fell n the singing club’s invitatin. She cnsidered it fr a mment. The wunds f the past still hurt. Then she finally ignred the psters and the bld advertisements as she always did. She still had n curage t vercme the barrier and step frward.
Then, n a rainy afternn, just after a shwer, smething magical happened. A pr butterfly, whse shinny wings were burdened by raindrps, fell n Emma’s desk thrugh the pen windw. The dwnpur had weighed dwn its delicate wings, making it temprarily unable t fly. This pr little creature caught Emma’s attentin.
With a gentle tuch, Emma’s finger reached ut and sftly brushed the butterfly, as if guided by a wave f cmpassin (同情). She whispered sme sft wrds f encuragement, “Yu can d it.” Surprisingly, the butterfly respnded t her supprt with determinatin, tirelessly waving its wings. After several attempts, the delicate creature finally tk flight, dancing gracefully int the pen skies.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The sight f the butterfly’s struggle left Emma deeply mved.
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The day f the cmpetitin arrived.
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参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据标题Fictin Factry Flash Fictin下的“This is an internatinal cmpetitin—we welcme entries frm arund the wrld.( 这是一个国际竞赛，我们欢迎来自世界各地的参赛作品。)”可知，Fictin Factry Flash Fictin是一项国际性的比赛, 同时接受国内外参赛作品。故选B。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据标题Petry & Spken Wrd Cmpetitin 2024下的“We’ll award tw tp prizes-ne fr a written pem, and ne fr a recrded perfrmance. (我们将颁发两个最高奖项——一个是写诗奖，一个是录音奖。)”可知，这个比赛会选出两个一等奖。故选A。
3．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知, 文章主要介绍了四个写作比赛的相关信息。由此可推断出, 作者写这篇文章的目的是给读者推荐几个好的写作比赛。故选B。
4．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Jenny stared at the ride, eager t experience the same excitement as the brave grup f riders in frnt f us. I culdn’t say n.(珍妮盯着过山车，渴望体验和我们前面那群勇敢的骑手一样的兴奋。我无法拒绝)”可知，Jenny渴望的眼神让作者无法拒绝，最后决定试一试。故选A。
5．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“As I stared at the cncrete directly belw us, I had a sudden feeling f great fear.(当我盯着我们正下方的水泥地时，我突然感到非常害怕)”可知，当作者盯着她们正下方的水泥地时，她突然感到一种极大的恐惧，即她陷入了恐慌。故选B。
6．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Althugh my bdy was shaking and my head was still spinning”中Althugh表示转折，结合画线词后的“just like I was n clud nine”可知，画线词所在句指的是“虽然我的身体还在颤抖，头还在旋转，但我感觉很兴奋，就像在九霄云外一样。”由此可知，画线词义为“兴奋的”。故选B。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Each time yu try smething fr the first time, yu will grw—a little piece f the fear f the unknwn is remved and replaced with a sense f satisfactin.(每次你第一次尝试某件事，你都会成长——对未知的一点点恐惧会被消除，取而代之的是一种满足感)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者走出了自己的舒适区, 和朋友的女儿一起体验了刺激的游乐设施，从开始的恐惧感到后来的兴奋感让作者认识到每当第一次尝试某件事情时，对未知的恐惧会一点点消除，取而代之的是一种满足感。由此可推断出，文章想表达的是走出舒适区是值得的。故选D。
8．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A team has used it t make ice surfaces fr the game f hckey(冰球运动). It has been used t make snw fr the sprt f skiing. And farmers use it t water their crps. (一个团队用它来制作冰球比赛的冰面。它被用来为滑雪运动造雪。农民们用它来灌溉他们的作物。)”可知，本段主要介绍了将废水用来制作冰球比赛的冰面，用废水为滑雪运动造雪，农民用废水灌溉庄稼。由此可推知，本段主要介绍的是回收的废水的功能。故选B。
9．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Califrnia’s new rules wuld let—but nt require—water agencies t take wastewater, treat it, and then put it right back int the drinking water system. That means prving t peple that recycled water is nt nly safe t drink but als nt dirty. Califrnia wuld be just the secnd US state t permit this, fllwing Clrad.(加利福尼亚州的新规定将允许但不要求水务机构收集废水，进行处理，然后将其直接送回饮用水系统。这意味着要向人们证明，循环水不仅可以安全饮用，而且不脏。加利福尼亚州将是继科罗拉多州之后美国第二个允许这样做的州。)”可知, 加利福尼亚州的新规定将允许水务机构将废水经过处理后再直接放回饮用水系统，继科罗拉多州之后，加州将成为美国第二个允许这样做的州。由此可知，这两个州都试图将废水转化为安全的饮用水。故选C。
10．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Plhemus说的话“It’s at the same drinking water quality, and prbably better in many instances(它的饮用水质量相同，在很多情况下可能会更好)”可知，Plhemus认为，用回收的废水转化成的饮用水和普通饮用水的质量是相同的，而且在很多情况下可能会优于普通的饮用水。由此可推断出，Plhemus对于将回收的废水转化成饮用水的态度是支持的。故选B。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Recently, Califrnia fficials apprved new rules t let water agencies recycle wastewater and put it right back int the pipes that carry drinking water t hmes, schls, and businesses. It is a big step fr Califrnia.(最近，加州官员批准了新的规定，允许水务机构回收利用废水，并将其直接输送回为家庭、学校和企业运送饮用水的管道中。这对加州来说是一大步。)”可知，文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的官员最近批准了新规定，允许水务机构回收废水，经过处理后再将其放回到饮用水管道中，输送到家庭、学校和企业。由此可知，C项(加利福尼亚州允许将废水转化为饮用水)适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。
12．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A ttal f 239 peple reprted pr sleep with a scre greater than five.(共有239人报告睡眠质量不佳，得分超过5分。)”可知，共有239人报告说他们睡眠不佳，他们的得分超过5分。由此可知，在Yue Leng的研究中，分值越高，睡眠质量越不好。故选D。
13．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Researchers als lked at sleep fragmentatin, a measure f restlessness during the sleep perid expressed as a percentage. The higher the value, the mre sleep is interrupted.(研究人员还研究了睡眠碎片化，这是一种以百分比表示的睡眠期间不安的衡量标准。值越高，睡眠中断的次数就越多。)”可知，睡眠碎片化是一种用百分比表示的睡眠期间频繁唤醒状态的一种量度。数值越高，睡眠中断越多。也就是说睡眠碎片化可以测量睡眠中的短暂中断。故选C。
14．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“After adjusting fr age, sex, race, and educatin, peple wh had the mst interrupted sleep had mre than twice the pssibility f having pr cgnitive perfrmance when cmpared t thse with the least interrupted sleep.(在调整了年龄、性别、种族和教育程度后，睡眠中断次数最多的人认知能力较差的可能性是睡眠中断次数最少的人的两倍多)”可知，在对年龄、性别、种族和受教育程度进行调整后，睡眠中断最严重的人与睡眠中断最少的人相比，认知表现不佳的概率是后者的两倍多。也就是睡眠质量可能会影响人的认知健康。故选A。
15．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Hwever, due t the small sample size, the researchers were unable t fully investigate ptential race r sex differences.(然而，由于样本量较小，研究人员无法充分调查潜在的种族或性别差异。)”和Leng所说的话“‘Mre research is needed t assess the link between sleep disturbances and cgnitin at different life stages…’(“需要更多的研究来评估睡眠障碍与不同生命阶段认知之间的联系……”)”可知，由于研究的样本量小，研究人员不能充分地调查潜在的种族或者性别差异。同时，也需要更多的研究来评估不同的人生阶段中睡眠障碍和认知能力之间的关系。由此可推断出，最后一段主要介绍了这项研究的局限性。故选A。
16．答案：①-⑤EGFBD
解析：①上文“Test anxiety exists and is a cmmn prblem amng students. (考试焦虑是学生普遍存在的问题)”提到考试焦虑在学生群体中是一个普遍存在的问题，E选项“任何参加考试的人都会有一定程度的焦虑”对上文进行进一步说明，表示这个问题的普遍性。故选E项。
②由小标题“Get t knw the material (了解材料)”可知本段的主旨是要了解考试材料内容，再根据上文“First, yu need t knw the tpic f the exam. (首先，你需要知道考试的题目)”推知，空处应陈述还应注意的问题，G选项“此外，要弄清楚试卷上设置了多少问题以及规定的时间”和设空前的句子呈并列关系，且符合本段主旨。故选G项。
③由小标题“Slw dwn and calm yurself (放慢速度，让自己平静下来)”可知本段提出的建议是考试时不要着急，要静下心来，F选项“匆忙地完成考试会使你读错问题和选项”用反例表明了匆忙地完成考试的不良后果，也与下文“S when the test starts, rather than immediately jumping t answer the questins, relax first t get yur mind t wrk. (因此，当考试开始时，与其立即匆忙回答问题，不如先放松一下，让你的大脑开始工作)”呈因果关系。故选F项。
④该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“If yu have an hur fr an exam, try t cnsume every secnd f that hur in answering the best pssible chice. There are n rewards fr finishing first! (如果你有一个小时的考试时间，试着用这一小时的每一秒来回答尽可能好的选择。第一名没有奖励！)”可知，该段谈论的是考试时要做好时间的安排，充分利用好时间，B选项“做好时间预算，运用好时间”切合语境。故选B项。
⑤由上文“Believe it r nt, chances are that ther students can be a surce f majr anxiety during the test. (信不信由你，在考试期间，其他学生很可能会成为主要焦虑的来源)”和“Avid speaking with any fellw classmates wh are nt prepared and wh express negativity. (避免与任何没有准备和表达消极情绪的同学交谈)”可知，作者不建议学生在考试期间接触无准备和消极情绪的同学，该空应该说明为什么这样建议，D选项“他们可能会毁掉你所准备的一切”切合语境。故选D项。
17．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们突然听到邻居的妻子在呼救。A. actually实际上；B. gradually逐渐地；C. suddenly突然；D. initially开始。根据上文“Zac Clark was ding yard wrk with his mther this past weekend.(扎克·克拉克上周末和他妈妈一起在院子里干活)”可知，是在干活的时候突然听到别人呼救。故选C。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉他们，她的丈夫被困在他们的车下面。A. trapped困住，诱捕；B. laid放；C. threatened威胁；D. abandned抛弃。根据上文“their neighbr’s wife calling fr help”可知，呼救是因为丈夫被困。故选A。
19．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：扎克毫不犹豫地冲到他们家去帮忙。A. affrd买得起；B. hesitate犹豫；C. intend打算；D. dare敢。根据后文“t rush ver t their huse t help”可知，扎克毫不犹豫地冲到他们家去帮忙。故选B。
20．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我猜是千斤顶坏了或者滑倒了，车就压在他身上了，”扎克说。A. functined工作；B. maintained保持；C. slipped滑倒；D. switched转变。根据上文“I guess the jack brke r”和下文“the car fell n tp f him”可知，扎克猜测是千斤顶坏了或者滑倒了，导致人被压住了。故选C。
21．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我唯一能看到的是他的腿，他在挣扎。”A. bserving观察；B. struggling挣扎，努力；C. resisting抵抗；D. crying哭泣。上文“the car fell n tp f him”提到车压住了邻居，所以邻居在挣扎。故选B。
22．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，扎克毫不迟延地走过来，用尽全力把车从邻居身上抬了起来。A. delay推迟；B. recgnitin认可；C. reference参考；D. cmparisn比较。根据上文“withut any”可知，扎克救人没有迟疑，故选A。
23．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，扎克毫不迟延地走过来，用尽全力把车从邻居身上抬了起来。A. fix修理；B. press按压；C. restre恢复；D. lift举起。根据后文“the car ff his neighbr a little bit”可知，扎克把车从邻居身上抬了起来，这样他的妻子和扎克的妈妈就能把他拉出来。故选D。
24．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他的妻子和扎克的妈妈就能把他拉出来。A. kick踢；B. pull拉；C. pick捡起；D. guide带领。根据后文“him ut frm under it”可知，抬起车是为了让妻子和扎克的妈妈把邻居拉出来。故选B。
25．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被救的邻居立即被送往医院。A. saved被救的；B. separated分开的；C. prepared准备好的；D. admitted被承认的。根据后文“neighbr gt rushed t the hspital.”可知，邻居得救了，被送往医院。故选A。
26．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：扎克说：“他断了几根骨头，脸也弄得一团糟，但医生告诉他，如果我不在他身边，他就会死。”A. dizzy眩晕的；B. absent缺席的；C. dead死亡的；D. lst迷路的。根据上文“if I wasn’t there, then he’d be”可知，是扎克救了邻居，如果扎克不在，邻居估计就会死。故选C。
27．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：扎克的足球教练戴夫·卡罗尔表示，当他听说扎克所做的事情时，他感到很惊讶。A. satisfied满意的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. excited激动的。根据后文“when he heard abut what Zac had dne”指教练听到扎克的善举感到惊讶。故选B。
28．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他有一颗坚强的心，”卡罗尔说。A. healthy健康的；B. sft柔软的；C. strng坚强的，强壮的；D. lyal忠诚的。根据后文“with his father passing away last summer, but he had n hesitatin in saving smebdy’s life”可知，扎克也在经历悲伤，但他毫不犹豫地挽救了别人的生命，说明很坚强。故选C。
29．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：“这是一个年轻人，他的父亲去年夏天去世了，他自己也在经历悲伤，但他毫不犹豫地挽救了别人的生命。”A. ging thrugh经历；B. taking n承担；C. wrking ut规划；D. adapting t适应。根据后文“sadness himself with his father passing away last summer”指扎克也在经历悲伤。故选A。
30．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：扎克说，当他抬起车的时候，他想到了他已故的父亲，希望他的邻居能够和他的家人共度一生。A. teacher老师；B. mther母亲；C. neighbr邻居；D. father父亲。上文“with his father passing away last summer”提到扎克的父亲去世了，所以当他抬起车的时候，他想到了他已故的父亲，故选D。
31．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位幸运的男子目前正在家中康复。A. exercising锻炼；B. cmpeting竞争；C. prmting促进；D. recvering恢复。上文“The lucky man is nw”提到的幸运男子就是被救的邻居，如今在家康复。故选D。
32．答案：①an②discvered③as④be affected⑤its⑥wrks⑦Pssessing⑧expressive⑨Where⑩highly
解析：①考查冠词。句意：中国书法是一种通常用毛笔和墨水在宣纸上书写汉字的艺术实践。可数名词practice在文中第一次出现，表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且artistic的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：中国书法的发展始于迄今为止发现的最早的汉字——大约来自河南省安阳市的商代。句中已有谓语动词began，且无连词，故discver在此处应作非谓语，与其所修饰的主语the earliest Chinese characters之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表示“迄今发现的最早的汉字”。故填discvered。
③考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移, 书法逐渐成为一种艺术形式，而不仅仅是一种记录手段。根据句意可知，设空处缺少一个介词且表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
④考查动词的语态。句意：作品会受到画笔、墨水和纸张的影响。分析句子结构可知，affect与其逻辑主语utput之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，前面已有情态动词can，be动词应用原形。故填be affected。
⑤考查代词。句意：个性的结构和整体的空间布局决定了它的品质。根据空后的名词quality可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。
⑥考查名词复数。句意：《兰亭序》是东晋时期（317-420）王羲之创作的，是中国最著名的书法作品之一。根据“ne f the mst celebrated”可知，此处是“ne f+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最……之一”。故填wrks。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：它在中国文学中具有历史和文化意义，是一种优雅而富有表现力的笔触。分析句子结构可知，本句已有be动词is，pssess应用作非谓语，pssess(拥有)与其逻辑主语it(指代calligraphy)之间是主动关系，应用动词-ing形式作状语。注意句首单词的首字母要大写。故填Pssessing。
⑧考查形容词。句意：它在中国文学中具有历史和文化意义，是一种优雅而富有表现力的笔触。根据空前的“elegant and”可知，此空应填形容词，与elegant并列修饰brushwrk。动词express的形容词为expressive，表示“富有表现力的”。故填expressive
⑨考查状语从句。句意：有中国汉字的地方就有中国书法。空处引导地点状语从句，应用where。注意句首单词的首字母要大写。故填Where。
⑩考查副词。句意：如今，艺术性仍然受到高度重视，因为它不仅仅是写作，更是一种活生生的遗产。分析句子结构可知，设空处应作状语，修饰谓语is still valued，且根据句意可知，此处应将high转换为表示程度的副词，highly意为“非常”。故填highly。
33．答案：Traditinal Culture Cntest
T recall ur traditins, appreciate ur culture and shw ur talents, ur schl will hld a traditinal culture cntest next Friday. The event will be held at the schl meeting hall frm 9:00 am t 11:00 am n March 1st. The cntest includes three parts: self-intrductin, petry recitatin and talent shw.
All students are welcme t this event and shwcase yur understanding and appreciatin f traditinal culture.
Cme and jin us! Let’s celebrate ur traditins and culture tgether!
解析：1.词汇积累
欣赏：appreciate→enjy
举办：hld→hst
比赛：cntest→cmpetitin
包含：include→cnsist f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The cntest includes three parts: self-intrductin, petry recitatin and talent shw.
拓展句：The cntest includes three part, which are self-intrductin, petry recitatin and talent shw.
[高分句型1]T recall ur traditins, appreciate ur culture and shw ur talents, ur schl will hld a traditinal culture cntest next Friday.(运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2]The event will be held at the schl meeting hall frm 9:00 am t 11:00 am n March 1st. (运用了一般将来时的被动语态)
34．答案： The sight f the butterfly’s struggle left Emma deeply mved. It was as if this delicate creature had cnveyed a great message t her—the strength t vercme difficulty and take flight nce mre, t rise frm the depths f despair. Inspired by this encunter, Emma made a reslutin. She filled ut the applicatin frm fr the singing cmpetitin and began t make preparatins diligently. The cmpetitin was scheduled fr the fllwing week in the very same music hall that held her past failure. Thugh she felt nervus and uneasy, she remained determined t d it.
The day f the cmpetitin arrived. Emma stepped nt the stage with newfund cnfidence. The micrphne was n lnger her enemy. She sang with grace, each nte carrying the weight f her jurney. When the final nte eched, the applause that fllwed was thunderus, filling the hall with appreciatin. Emma had risen abve her fears, prving that the butterfly’s struggle had becme her strength. As she stepped ff the stage that day, Emma realized that the past was n lnger a shadw but a stepping stne t success as lng as yu had curage and determinatin.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“蝴蝶努力的情景让艾玛深受感动。”可知，第一段可描写Emma受到蝴蝶的鼓舞，决定参加歌唱比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“比赛的日子到了。”可知，第二段可描写比赛当天，Emma自信地迈上舞台，优雅地唱歌，引起了观众的热烈赞赏，她克服了恐惧，过去不再是阴影，而是只要有勇气和决心，就能成功的垫脚石。
2.续写线索：深受感动——受到鼓舞——决定报名参加——比赛的日子到来——自信地迈上舞台，优雅地唱歌——赢得观众赞赏——克服恐惧——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①克服：vercme/get ver
②下定决心：make a reslutin/make up ne’s mind
③意识到：realize/be aware
情绪类
①紧张的：nervus/tense
②自信地：with cnfidence/cnfidently
[高分句型1] The cmpetitin was scheduled fr the fllwing week in the very same music hall that held her past failure. （由that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2] When the final nte eched, the applause that fllwed was thunderus, filling the hall with appreciatin.（由when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的定语从句以及现在分词filling作结果状语）
[高分句型3] As she stepped ff the stage that day, Emma realized that the past was n lnger a shadw but a stepping stne t success as lng as yu had curage and determinatin.（由as引导的时间状语从句和that引导的宾语从句以及as lng as引导的条件状语从句）