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山东省潍坊市、滨州市2024届高三下学期一模英语试卷(含答案)
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这是一份山东省潍坊市、滨州市2024届高三下学期一模英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
Natinal Public Radi (NPR) Music’s Tiny Desk Cntest is back. Artists can submit an entry frm this mrning. This isn’t just anther regular year f the Cntest — it’s the 10th anniversary.
The panel (小组) f judges has dubled in size cmpared t previus years. The panel has a grup f industry experts wh are eager t see what this year’s participants can share. And there’s a great team f NPR’s Music statin hsts n the panel: Amelia Masn, Nvena Carmel and Stas THEE Bss.
Als new this year: Nt nly will the 2024 winner play a Tiny Desk cncert, be interviewed n All Things Cnsidered and g n tur with NPR Music — they’ll als be paired with a tutr in the industry wh will help them navigate their music jurney. Our judges are determined t give this year’s winner the supprt they’ll need t take their music t the next level. The winner will als be featured at tw festivals this summer: Celebrate Brklyn and the Millennium Park Summer Music series in Chicag.
And fr the first time this year, the Cntest is intrducing a fan favrite vte. Later this spring, Cntest judges will share their favrite entries as part f the annual Tiny Desk-Cntest Tp Shelf series n YuTube — and then artists and fans will be able t vte fr their favrite amng thse selectins.
Here’s hw t enter: Recrd a vide f yu playing ne riginal sng — behind a desk, uplad yur vide t YuTube, and submit the vide n ur Tiny Desk Cntest website by Feb. 21 at 11: 59 p. m.
A final reminder: Entry vides dn’t need t be fancy. The Tiny Desk is where artists g t simplify their big prductins. Cntest judges are lking fr artists t submit smething that’s true t them and brand new t the Tiny Desk.
1．Wh are mst likely amng the judges?
A. News statin hsts.B. Expert musicians.
C. Cntest participants.D. Famus industrialists.
2．What will the winner get as an award?
A. Sightseeing turs.B. Festival suvenirs.
C. Unlimited supprt.D. Prfessinal guidance.
3．What is required f the cntest entry?
A. It has t be a masterpiece.
B. It must cnvey psitive feelings.
C. It must be recrded behind a desk.
D. It has t be submitted befre Feb. 21.
On a bright September day in the French Alps in 2022, Jhn McAvy was 38 kilmetres int a very exhausting ultramarathn thrugh rugh muntain paths. Battling tiredness, he pushed his bdy and mind thrugh the final leg f the race. With the finish arch in the famus twn f Chamnix just fur kilmetres away and the clud-tpped peak f Mnt Blanc high ver him, McAvy welled up with emtin.
In that mment, he felt s free and alive. It was quite the ppsite frm where his life had been a decade befre. He had just been released frm prisn after serving a 10-year sentence.
Nw 40 years ld, McAvy has spent the last 10 years rebuilding his life frm ne f crime t ne with purpse. It was n this day, while running the ultramarathn, that he realized hw impactful cnquering (征服) this muntain run culd be fr inner-city kids like him. After all, sprt had helped him live a nrmal life again and pen up his wrld. It culd d the same fr thers.
With the help f Yuth Beynd Brders, McAvy started the Alpine Run Prject, which recently led 12 disadvantaged British yung peple thrugh their wn Mnt Blanc races. The participants, frm refugees (难民) t yung refrmed criminals and thse wh grew up in Children’s hme, were matched with caches, cnsultants and physitherapists. After a six-mnth training prgram, the yuth travelled t the Alps t meet up with McAvy fr their race.
McAvy says the highlight f this prject fr him was watching Yasmin Mahamud, a 20-year-ld refugee frm Syria, run thrugh the finish arch and int the arms f her new friends. It was a life-changing high fr Mahamud, t-inspiring her t keep running, take up martial arts and g t university t study physitherapy.
“It changed my pint f view n life, says Mahamud. Pushing herself t cmplete the race gave her a brief experience f her wn ptential thrugh hard wrk and devtin.” I will always be thankful t Jhn fr giving me this pprtunity and guidance.
4．Hw did McAvy feel befre the finish arch?
A. He felt ttally cllapsed.B. He was peaceful and hpeful.
C. He was satisfied with his pace.D. He felt as if cmpletely rebrn.
5．What can we learn abut McAvy frm paragraph 3?
A. He was a builder 10 years ag.
B. He realized the imprtance f sprt.
C. He ran t make up fr his past wrngs.
D. He had sympathy fr the inner-city children.
6．Wh mst prbably tk part in the Mnt Blanc races?
A. A running cach.B. A travel lver.
C. A hmeless teenager.D. A skilled athlete.
7．What message des McAvy’s stry cnvey?
A. Live fr the mment.
B. Dream big and climb high.
C. After the strm cmes the rainbw.
D. Run after the light and becme the light.
Peple have cme t understand the enrmus impacts-beneficial as well as harmful- plastics have n human lives and the envirnment. As plymer (聚合物) scientists cmmitted t inventing sustainable slutins fr real-wrld prblems, we set ut t tackle the issue f plastic waste by rethinking the way plymers are designed s we culd make plastics with recyclability built right in.
Everyday items including milk jug, grcery bags, and takeut cntainers are made frm a class f plymers called plylefins. These plastics are really durable (耐用的) because the chemical bnds in thse plymers are extremely stable. In a wrld set up fr dispsable (一次性的) items, durability is n lnger a design feature but rather a design drawback. Imagine if half the plastics used tday were recyclable thrugh twice as many prcesses as they are nw. Als cnventinal recycling requires careful srting f all the cllected materials, which can be challenging with s many different plastics. Fr example, separating paper frm metal desn’t require cmplex technlgy, but srting a cntainer frm a milk jug f a different plylefin is difficult t d withut the ccasinal mistake.
In a study published in Science in Octber 2023, we described a series f plymers with nly tw building blcks-ne sft plymer and ne hard plymer-that behave like plylefins but culd be chemically recycled. Cnnecting tw different plymers multiple times until they frm a single, lng mlecule (分子) creates what’s called a multiblck plymer. By changing hw much f each plymer type ges int the multiblck plymer, ur team prduced a wide range f materials with prperties that cvered all plylefin types.
Using the same strategy but by adding hydrgen, we culd discnnect the plymers back int their building blcks and easily separate them t use again. When we made new plymers ut f these recycled plastics, they perfrmed just as well as the riginal materials even after several runds f chemical recycling. S we were able t create materials with similar prperties f the plastics the wrld relies n. We believe this wrk is a step tward mre sustainable plastics.
8．What is paragraph 2 mainly abut cncerning plastics?
A. Their multiple uses.B. Their chemical prperties.
C. Their recycling challenges.D. Their classificatin criteria.
9．A key factr f prducing diverse multiblck plymers is ______.
A. mixing building blcks with lng mlecules
B. integrating chemicals int the tw plymers
C. cmbining tw different multiblck plymers
D. adjusting the percentage f the tw plymers
10．Which is a feature f multiblck plymers?
A. They are made frm sustainable materials.
B. They can be recycled by adding hydrgen.
C. Their reliability utperfrms traditinal plastics.
D. Their prperties change with runds f recycling.
11．Which f the fllwing might be the best title?
A. Designing fr RecyclingB. Classifying Plastic Waste
C. Replace Plastics with PlymersD. Technlgy Creates the Future
Hiring prcesses can be thught f as a battle between integrity and dishnesty. Yu might imagine this is a simple fight between truth-seeking firms and self-prmting candidates, and t a certain extent it is. But cmpanies themselves are prne (有倾向的) t bend reality ut f shape in ways that are self-defeating.
Start with the bvius wrngders: jb applicants. When it cmes t writing the resume (简历), they tend t massage (美化) reality int the mst appealing shape pssible. Everyne beynd a certain level f experience is a transfrmatinal leader persnally respnsible fr generating millins incme; the wrld ecnmy wuld be abut 15 times bigger than it actually is if all such claims were true. The average British spends fur and a half hurs a day watching TV and nline vides. But each average jb candidate is an enthusiast fr public welfare, using their spare time nly fr wrthy purpses, like vlunteering in sup kitchens.
But the tendency t stretch the truth infects cmpanies as well as applicants. The typical firm will write a jb descriptin that invariably describes the wrk envirnment as fast-paced and innvative, and then lays ut a set f imprbable requirements fr the “ideal candidate”, smene wh almst by definitin des nt exist. Smetimes, the requirements include an ability t g back and change the curse f histry.
T few firms ffer an accurate accunt f what a psitin actually invlves in their jb previews, which are suppsed t give prspective emplyees a genuine sense f the negatives and psitives f the jb, as well as a clear idea f the cmpany’s crprate culture. One effective strategy is t lay ut in text r vide, what a typical day in the rle wuld lk like.
Such hnesty can be its wn reward. Research has lng suggested that realistic jb previews lead t lwer turnver and higher emplyee satisfactin. A paper in 2011 by David Eamest f Twsn University and his c-authrs cncluded that favurable perceptins f the rganisatin’s hnesty are the best explanatin fr why. S a prcess designed t uncver the truth abut jb applicants wuld run a lt mre smthly if firms were als hnest abut themselves.
12．Why are “leader” and “enthusiast” mentined in paragraph 2?
A. T present a rule.B. T clarify a fact.
C. T make a cmparisn.D. T explain a phenmenn.
13．What des the underlined wrd “stretch” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Overstate.B. Overturn.C. Overlk.D. Overestimate.
14．What are jb previews expected t be like in paragraph 4?
A. They shw a psitin as it is.
B. They are made either in text r vide.
C. They are favrable fr bigger firms.
D. They mainly cntain negatives f a jb.
15．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. Pains and gains f emplyees.
B. Hw t get the lying ut f hiring.
C. Hw t be mre appealing in hiring.
D. A wrestle between applicants and cmpanies.
二、七选五
16．It’s nt s lng ag that cntactless card payments were exciting and new, but the technlgy is already ld-hat. The new, better way t pay fr things in shps? By using yur phne t make a cntactless payment.
Because traditinally, when yu have paid with a card tap (轻敲) r using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shp yu are buying frm will be nting dwn all f yur card details. ① _________ And this culd be a prblem — it means that if the shp is hacked (侵入) r plays fast and lse with its data, yu culd find yur card number expsed t the wrld.
Hwever, when yu tap t pay with yur device, it generates a unique ID number fr that deal and sends that instead. S yu can pay fr yur gds and the shp can get yur mney. ② _________ That is t say, phne payments are smarter.
③ _________ If a pickpcket steals yur card they can immediately use up the mney. But if they get yur phne, when the phne ges t pay it will typically perfrm a bimetric check-it will ask fr a finger-print r use the camera t lk at yur face, t check that yu are wh yu say yu are.
④ _________ Because f this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than fr cntactless cards. In the UK, it’s arund £ 100 fr mst retailers-thugh sme shps including mst supermarkets let yu spend much mre with just a tap f the phne.
Want t give it a try? T actually set things up, g t yur Wallet app and fllw the instructins. ⑤ _________ Then it will autmatically recgnise the numbers and cnnect with yur bank. Usually yu receive a text message with a special cde n it. And then, well, yu’re dne. When yu pay, hld yur phne ver the payment machine, and pay fr yur gds!
A. It helps t build the client list.
B. The setup prcess varies with banks.
C. N ne needs t share any sensitive data.
D. It’s als mre effective against the threat f thefts.
E. And phne payments are increasingly cnvenient t.
F. Typically this starts by scanning yur card with yur phne.
G. Therefre, it knws which bank accunt t take the mney frm.
三、完形填空（15空）
My lng-distance cycling career f 13 years and 35, 000 kilmetres ended as I apprached 75. Althugh I am nw n lnger strng enugh t 1 the lng days and big climbs, day in and day ut, I have my memries.
The rad behind is just memries, sme sn t be frgtten, thers t be 2 and enhanced with the retelling. A 6000-kilmetre crss-cuntry ride initially appears 3 , but, nce dne, it is simply dne, much like the challenges that life 4 .
Real 5 wuld cme when I was alne n my bicycle. I enjyed meeting and even 6 the daily targets I had set fr myself. I enjyed the technical challenges faced by tire bursts and lse handlebars, but 7 nt at that time. I lved cycling with a strng tailwind pushing me alng and hated 8 int a strng headwind. I lved striking up cnversatins with a diversity f peple and sincerely appreciated the supprt and cmfrt they 9 .
Lng distance cycling brings unbearable exhaustin, lng hurs f anxiety, even fear and desperatin, but these 10 int insignificance, cmpared t the jy and 11 f climbing huge muntains r seeing fantastic sights fr the first time. The experiences add newness and 12 t my life and the memries are 13 .
Mst imprtantly, cycling taught me t knw myself better. It eventually dawned n me that I had mre 14 and curage than I ever imagined. The self-awareness and lng-lasting memries will give me enrmus 15 as I carry n my life jurney.
17．A. appreciateB. chseC. expectD. stand
18．A. treasuredB. explredC. createdD. discussed
19．A. bringB. annyingC. cnfusingD. discuraging
20．A. vercmesB. greetsC. thrwsD. ignres
21．A. lnelinessB. jyC. cnvenienceD. panic
22．A. makingB. changingC. beatingD. finalizing
23．A. reasnablyB. admittedlyC. frtunatelyD. hpefully
24．A. battlingB. slippingC. fallingD. wandering
25．A. wnedB. fferedC. mentinedD. prmised
26．A. fitB. paleC. runD. back
27．A. reflectinB. anticipatinC. satisfactinD. mtivatin
28．A. secretsB. rulesC. decisinsD. dimensins
29．A. reliableB. flexibleC. inaccessibleD. unfrgettable
30．A. tughnessB. curisityC. imaginatinD. wisdm
31．A. insightB. knwledgeC. pwerD. admiratin
四、短文填空
32．Wing Chun is a suthern Chinese kung fu style descends frm Shalin Kung Fu. It has the distinctin f having been funded by tw wmen, Ng Mui and Yim Wing-chun.
The Wing Chun style is knwn fr placing① _________ (emphasize) n technique rather than strength. This style als calls fr practitiners t stay relaxed while② _________ (fight), allwing them t achieve a kind f sftness r flexibility. This relaxed flexibility gives Wing Chun fighter③ _________ special kind f strength that allws them t bend, nt break, just like bamb.
Legend has it that Wing Chun funder Ng Mui was living at Shalin Temple④ _________ it was attacked and destryed by Qing dynasty frcers. Surviving the attack, she escaped⑤ _________ the brder area between Yunnan and Sichuan. There she met a yung wman⑥ _________ (name)Yim Wing-chun, wh⑦ _________ (final) became ne f her tp students. She taught Yim an imprved versin f Shalin Kung Fu, knwn as Wing Chun nw. This new martial art⑧ _________ (spread) and grwn int different branches ver the past tw hundred years.
Ip Man, featured in the epnymus (同名的) hit films, ⑨ _________ (be) a ntable practitiner f Wing Chun style martial arts. He als taught the Wing Chun style t his student, Bruce Lee, wh wuld g n t act in the belved Hng Kng kung fu mvies⑩ _________ helped make Chinese martial arts famus arund the wrld.
五、书面表达
33．你校将举办以“讲故事，话家风”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请以“My family traditin” 为题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 一件家风小事；
2. 对你的影响。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
My family traditin
It’s an hnr t talk abut my family traditin.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was eight years ld and wasn’t aware f all the arrangements being made fr ur jurney as a family t Lndn in 1950. My mther was in great pain and wished t visit specialists in Lndn. My father reluctantly had t sell ur prperty in Queensland. The day befre we barded the ship, Father unwillingly said gdbye t his five-year-ld cattle dg, Spider, wh was lved by us all. Father’s friend Sandy was t be his guardian while we were verseas, as he had been getting t knw Spider fr many weeks.
Six weeks later, an airletter arrived frm Sandy, giving my father the news that Spider had run away just tw weeks after we had sailed. Sandy had advertised cnstantly n ABC and ther reginal newspapers. Despite many “sightings”, the dg was never fund. It seems Spider just kept running and searching fr us. As he was cattle dg, my father thught he wuld she r ding-trapped, because f his appearance. But ur family thught that Father held a secrets hpe that Spider was still alive.
We sailed back t Australia tw years later and re-established ur hme. My father immediately began his wn search fr Spider. One cld winter’s Saturday mrning eight mnths after ur return, my father had a call frm an elderly lady living n her wn n the utskirts f the twn. As she tld my father n the telephne, it was “just glimpses f a ding-type dg in the shadws” f her disused tennis curt. That was enugh fr my father t interrupt my hmewrk.
We set ff in his blue and black Jensen car which he had brught back frm England. It was hardly the right vehicle fr the rugh rads we travelled that day. Five and a half hurs later, we fund the run-dwn ld prperty. Sadly, she tld my father that the “ding dg” hadn’t been arund fr a few days. My father had a strange lk in his eye. He put tw fingers t his lips and did his special whistle fr Spider.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly there was a sund in the bush.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Once hme we had the task f getting all the prickles (刺) ff him.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The panel (小组) f judges has dubled in size cmpared t previus years. The panel has a grup f industry experts wh are eager t see what this year’s participants can share. (评委小组的规模比往年增加了一倍。该小组有一群行业专家，他们渴望看到今年的参与者可以分享什么。)”可知，评委小组有音乐行业的专家，所以专业的音乐家最有可能在其中，故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“they’ll als be paired with a tutr in the industry wh will help them navigate their music jurney. Our judges are determined t give this year’s winner the supprt they’ll need t take their music t the next level. (他们还将与一位业内导师合作，帮助他们度过音乐之旅。我们的评委们决心给予今年的冠军支持，让他们的音乐更上一层楼)”可知，获胜者将得到专业的指导，故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Recrd a vide f yu playing ne riginal sng — behind a desk (录制一段你在桌子后面演奏一首原创歌曲的视频)”可知，参赛作品必须是在一张桌子后面演唱的，故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“In that mment, he felt s free and alive. It was quite the ppsite frm where his life had been a decade befre. He had just been released frm prisn after serving a 10-year sentence.(在那一刻，他感到如此自由和充满活力。这与他十年前的生活完全相反。他在服完10年徒刑后刚刚从监狱获释。)”可知，Jhn McAvy在终点拱门前感觉自己仿佛完全重生了一样，开启了新生活。故选D。
5．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“It was n this day, while running the ultramarathn, that he realized hw impactful cnquering this muntain run culd be fr inner-city kids like him. After all, sprt had helped him live a nrmal life again and pen up his wrld. (就在这一天，当他跑超级马拉松的时候，他意识到征服这个山跑对像他这样的贫民区孩子来说是多么有影响力。毕竟，体育帮助他重新过上了正常的生活，打开了他的世界。) ”可知，从第三段我们可以了解到Jhn McAvy认识到体育运动的重要性，它帮助麦卡沃伊过上了新的生活。故选B。
6．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“The participants, frm refugees t yung refrmed criminals and thse wh grew up in Children’s hme, were matched with caches, cnsultants and physitherapists. (参与者，从难民到年轻的改过自新的罪犯，以及在儿童福利院长大的人，都有教练、咨询师和理疗师与之匹配。)”推知，无家可归的少年最有可能参加过勃朗峰的比赛。故选C。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“With the help f Yuth Beynd Brders, McAvy started the Alpine Run Prject, which recently led 12 disadvantaged British yung peple thrugh their wn Mnt Blanc races. The participants, frm refugees t yung refrmed criminals and thse wh grew up in Children’s hme, were matched with caches, cnsultants and physitherapists. (在Yuth Beynd Brders的帮助下，Jhn McAvy 启动了“高山跑步项目”，最近带领12名处境不利的英国年轻人参加了他们自己的勃朗峰比赛。参与者，从难民到年轻的改过自新的罪犯，以及在儿童福利院长大的人，都有教练、咨询师和理疗师与之匹配。)”和第五段的“It was a life-changing high fr Mahamud, t-inspiring her t keep running, take up martial arts and g t university t study physitherapy.(对Mahamud来说，这是一个改变人生的高潮，也激励她继续跑步，学习武术，上大学学习物理治疗。)”以及第六段的““It changed my pint f view n life, says Mahamud. Pushing herself t cmplete the race gave her a brief experience f her wn ptential thrugh hard wrk and devtin. ” I will always be thankful t Jhn fr giving me this pprtunity and guidance.(Mahamud说：“这改变了我对生活的看法。推动自己完成比赛让她通过努力和奉献短暂地体验了自己的潜力。”我将永远感谢约翰给我这个机会和指导。)”可知，Jhn McAvy从犯罪生活重返社会、寻找生活目标，他意识到体育运动对于处于困境的孩子们有着巨大的影响力，因此他的故事可以鼓励个人追求积极向上，散发积极能量，照亮周围的世界，D项“奔向光明，成为光明”符合。故选D。
8．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“In a wrld set up fr dispsable (一次性的) items, durability is n lnger a design feature but rather a design drawback. Imagine if half the plastics used tday were recyclable thrugh twice as many prcesses as they are nw. Als cnventinal recycling requires careful srting f all the cllected materials, which can be challenging with s many different plastics. Fr example, separating paper frm metal desn’t require cmplex technlgy, but srting a cntainer frm a milk jug f a different plylefin is difficult t d withut the ccasinal mistake.(在一次性物品的世界中，耐用性不再是一个设计特征，而是一个设计缺陷。想象一下，如果今天使用的一半塑料可以通过两倍于现在的过程进行回收。此外，传统的回收需要对所有收集到的材料进行仔细的分类，这对于这么多不同的塑料来说是具有挑战性的。例如，将纸和金属分开并不需要复杂的技术，但将一个容器和一个牛奶罐中不同的聚烯烃进行分类却很难做到没有偶尔的错误。)”可知，文章第二段主要讲述的是关于塑料回收的挑战。故选C。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In a study published in Science in Octber 2023, we described a series f plymers with nly tw building blcks-ne sft plymer and ne hard plymer-that behave like plylefins but culd be chemically recycled. Cnnecting tw different plymers multiple times until they frm a single, lng mlecule (分子) creates what’s called a multiblck plymer. By changing hw much f each plymer type ges int the multiblck plymer, ur team prduced a wide range f materials with prperties that cvered all plylefin types.(在2023年10月发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究中，我们描述了一系列聚合物，它们只有两种基本成分——一种软聚合物和一种硬聚合物——它们的行为像聚烯烃，但可以化学回收。将两种不同的聚合物多次连接，直到它们形成一个单一的长分子，就形成了所谓的多嵌段聚合物。通过改变多嵌段聚合物中每种聚合物的含量，我们的团队生产出了各种各样的材料，其性能涵盖了所有类型的聚烯烃。)”可知，生产多种多嵌段聚合物的关键因素是调整两种聚合物的含量。故选D。
10．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Using the same strategy but by adding hydrgen, we culd discnnect the plymers back int their building blcks and easily separate them t use again. When we made new plymers ut f these recycled plastics, they perfrmed just as well as the riginal materials even after several runds f chemical recycling. (使用相同的策略，但通过添加氢，我们可以将聚合物分离回它们的组成部分，并轻松地将它们分离出来再次使用。当我们用这些回收塑料制成新的聚合物时，即使经过几轮化学回收，它们的性能也和原始材料一样好。)”可知，多嵌段聚合物可以通过添加氢的方式被分离出来再次使用。故选B。
11．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Peple have cme t understand the enrmus impacts-beneficial as well as harmful- plastics have n human lives and the envirnment. As plymer (聚合物) scientists cmmitted t inventing sustainable slutins fr real-wrld prblems, we set ut t tackle the issue f plastic waste by rethinking the way plymers are designed s we culd make plastics with recyclability built right in.(人们已经开始了解塑料对人类生活和环境的巨大影响，既有有益的，也有有害的。聚合物科学家致力于为现实世界的问题发明可持续的解决方案，我们开始通过重新思考聚合物的设计方式来解决塑料垃圾问题，这样我们就可以制造出具有可回收性的塑料。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了聚合物科学家如何通过重新设计聚合物的结构来解决塑料废物问题，以实现其可回收性。文章强调了设计的重要性，并介绍了如何通过特殊的化学方法制造和回收一种新型的多嵌段聚合物。因此，最能概括文章主题的标题应该是强调“设计”和“回收”这两个关键词的。故选A。
12．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。第二段中“When it cmes t writing the resume (简历), they tend t massage (美化) reality int the mst appealing shape pssible.(在写简历的时候，他们倾向于把现实情况美化成最吸引人的样子)”提到求职者写简历时会美化现实，下文“Everyne beynd a certain level f experience is a transfrmatinal leader persnally respnsible fr generating millins incme(每个经验稍长的人都是变革型领导者，个人负责创造数百万的收入)”和“But each average jb candidate is an enthusiast fr public welfare, using their spare time nly fr wrthy purpses, like vlunteering in sup kitchens.(但平均每位求职者都热衷于公益事业，他们只把业余时间用于有价值的目的，比如在施粥处做志愿)”都是举例具体说明上述现象，故选D。
13．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“as well as applicants(和申请者一样)”以及“The typical firm will write a jb descriptin that invariably describes the wrk envirnment as fast-paced and innvative, and then lays ut a set f imprbable requirements fr the ‘ideal candidate’, smene wh almst by definitin des nt exist.(典型的公司会撰写一份工作描述，总是将工作环境描述为快节奏和创新的，并提出一套对‘理想候选人’的不太可能的要求，几乎按定义来说，这样的人并不存在)”可知，公司和申请者一样，也有夸大事实的倾向，stretch意为“夸大”，故选A。
14．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“T few firms ffer an accurate accunt f what a psitin actually invlves in their jb previews, which are suppsed t give prspective emplyees a genuine sense f the negatives and psitives f the jb, as well as a clear idea f the cmpany’s crprate culture. One effective strategy is t lay ut in text r vide, what a typical day in the rle wuld lk like.(很少有公司会在职位预览中准确地描述一个职位的实际工作内容，而预览的目的是让未来的员工真正了解这份工作的优缺点，以及公司的企业文化。一个有效的策略是在文字或视频中列出这个职位的典型一天是怎么过的)”可知，职位预览应该展示一个职位的真实情况，故选A。
15．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Such hnesty can be its wn reward.(这种诚实本身就是一种回报)”可知，文章介绍了招聘过程中求职者和公司都倾向于夸大事实，很少有公司提供真实的职位预览，但研究表明诚实是一种回报，真实的职位预览会降低离职率，提高员工满意度，B项“如何消除招聘中的谎言”能够总结文章大意，故选B。
16．答案：①-⑤GCDEF
解析：①上文“Because traditinally, when yu have paid with a card tap (轻敲) r using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shp yu are buying frm will be nting dwn all f yur card details.(因为传统上，当你用刷卡或刷卡机付款时，最终你购买的商店会记下你所有的信用卡细节)”描述原因，空处应是接着说结果，G项“因此，它知道从哪个银行账户取钱”符合语境，故选G。
②根据上文“Hwever, when yu tap t pay with yur device, it generates a unique ID number fr that deal and sends that instead. S yu can pay fr yur gds and the shp can get yur mney.(然而，当你用你的设备点击支付时，它会为这笔交易生成一个唯一的ID号并发送。所以你可以支付你的商品，商店可以得到你的钱)”可知，支付时形成的ID一次性的也是唯一的，因此个人信息不会或数据不会被分享出去。C项“没有人需要分享任何敏感数据”符合语境，故选C。
③根据本段内容“But if they get yur phne, when the phne ges t pay it will typically perfrm a bimetric check — it will ask fr a finger-print r use the camera t lk at yur face, t check that yu are wh yu say yu are.(但如果他们拿到了你的手机，当手机开始支付时，它通常会进行生物识别检查——它会要求你提供指纹或使用摄像头查看你的脸，以检查你是否就是你所说的那个人)”可知，本段是说手机支付能防止盗刷钱财，D项“它还能更有效地抵御盗窃威胁”符合语境，故选D。
④根据空后“Because f this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than fr cntactless cards. In the UK, it’s arund £ 100 fr mst retailers — thugh sme shps including mst supermarkets let yu spend much mre with just a tap f the phne. (由于这种增加的安全性，限额通常高于非接触式卡。在英国，对大多数零售商来说，这大约是100英镑——尽管一些商店，包括大多数超市，你只需点击一下手机就可以花更多的钱)”可知，本段是说手机支付的便捷，E项“手机支付也越来越方便”符合语境，故选E。
⑤根据上文“T actually set things up, g t yur Wallet app and fllw the instructins.(要真正设置，请进入钱包应用程序并按照说明进行设置)”及下文“Then it will autmatically recgnise the numbers and cnnect with yur bank.(然后，它会自动识别这些号码，并与你的银行联系)”可知，空处是描述设置手机支付的第一步，F项“这通常是从用手机扫描信用卡开始的”符合语境，故选F。
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在再也没有足够的体力去忍受漫长的日子以及艰难的山路攀爬，日复一日，但我拥有的是满满的回忆。A. appreciate欣赏、感激；B. chse选择；C. expect期待；D. stand站立、忍受。根据上文“I am nw n lnger strng enugh”可知，作者已经75岁了，没有足够的体力去忍受长时间的攀爬。故选D。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：身后的道路只是回忆，有些很快就会被遗忘，有些则将随着反复述说而被珍藏和升华。A. treasured珍视、珍藏；B. explred探索；C. created创造；D. discussed讨论。根据空后的“enhanced”以及上文“sme sn t be frgtten”可推测，空处是一种比较，有些记忆会忘记，而有些则被珍藏。故选A。
19．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一次6000公里的跨国骑行，起初看起来令人气馁的，但一旦完成，也就仅仅完成了而已，这与生活中遇到的其他挑战并无太大不同。A. bring乏味的；B. annying令人恼怒的；C. cnfusing令人困惑的；D. discuraging令人气馁的。根据空前的“initially”以及下文“but, nce dne, it is simply dne”可知，6000公里的骑行，最初听起来好像让人望而却步，但是一旦完成也就仅仅如此。故选D。
20．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一次6000公里的跨国骑行，起初看起来令人望而生畏，但一旦完成，也就仅仅完成了而已，这与生活中遇到的其他挑战并无太大不同。A. vercmes克服；B. greets迎接、问候；C. thrws扔、把……加于；D. ignres忽视。根据先行词“the challenges”以及从句主语“life”可推测，这些挑战是生活加在我们身上的。故选C。
21．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我独自骑自行车的时候，真正的快乐就来了。A. lneliness孤独；B. jy高兴；C. cnvenience便利；D. panic恐慌。这些都是作者所喜爱的，由此可知，作者骑行时感到的是真正的快乐。故选B。
22．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢达到甚至超过我为自己设定的每日目标。A. making使、制作；B. changing改变；C. beating打、跳动、超过；D. finalizing完成、确定。根据上文的“meeting”以及空前的“even”可推测，空处指的是比“meeting”更进一步，那么自然是超过自己所定的目标。故选C。
23．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很享受轮胎爆胎和车把松动带来的技术挑战，但我承认，当时我并不喜欢。A. reasnably适当地；B. admittedly公认地；C. frtunately幸运地；D. hpefully怀着希望地。根据空前的“but”可知，作者想承认的是享受那种技术挑战，但是处理挑战时并不好受。故选B。
24．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在强劲的顺风推动下骑行，讨厌顶着狂风艰难前行。A. battling与……作战；B. slipping滑倒；C. falling摔倒；D. wandering漫步、徘徊。根据上文“I lved cycling with a strng tailwind pushing me alng”可知，作者喜欢顺风骑行，那么相对的，作者讨厌的是逆风而上的艰难。故选A。
25．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢和各种各样的人交谈，真诚地感谢他们提供的支持和安慰。A. wned拥有；B. ffered提供；C. mentined提及；D. prmised承诺。根据先行词“the supprt and cmfrt”可推测，作者感激的是这些人给自己提供的支持和安慰。故选B。
26．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：长途骑行带来了难以忍受的疲惫，长时间的焦虑，甚至恐惧和绝望，但与攀登高山或第一次看到奇妙风景的喜悦和满足感相比，这些都显得微不足道。A. fit适合；B. pale相形见绌；C. run跑；D. back支持。长途骑行带来的疲惫、焦虑以及恐惧等，和其带来的愉悦相比，会显得微不足道。考查短语：pale int insignificance，意为“显得微不足道”，符合句意。 故选B。
27．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：长途骑行带来了难以忍受的疲惫，长时间的焦虑，甚至恐惧和绝望，但与攀登高山或第一次看到奇妙风景的喜悦和满足感相比，这些都显得微不足道。A. reflectin反射、反映；B. anticipatin预期；C. satisfactin满意；D. mtivatin动机。根据空前的“jy”以及上文的“insignificance”可推测，作者认为攀登高山或第一次看到奇妙风景会给自己带来愉悦和满足。故选C。
28．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些经历为我的生活增添了新鲜感和维度，这些记忆令人难忘。A. secrets秘密；B. rules规则；C. decisins决定；D. dimensins尺寸、维度。根据空前“newness”以及句意可知，这些骑行的经历给作者的生活增添了维度。故选D。
29．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些经历为我的生活增添了新鲜感和维度，这些记忆令人难忘。A. reliable可依赖的；B. flexible灵活的；C. inaccessible难接近的；D. unfrgettable难以忘记的。这些经历常常被再次想起提及，由此可知，这些经历是令人难忘的。故选D。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我终于意识到，我比自己想象的更有韧性和勇气。A. tughness强硬；B. curisity好奇心；C. imaginatin想象力；D. wisdm智慧、明智。远途骑行需要韧性也需要勇气，而作者通过骑行的经历意识到自己具备这样的韧性和勇气。故选A。
31．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种自我认知和长久以来的回忆，将在我继续人生旅程时给予我巨大的力量。A. insight洞察力；B. knwledge知识；C. pwer权力、力量；D. admiratin钦佩。作者意识到自己比想象中的具有韧性和勇气，而这种认知的提升给了作者继续人生旅程所需要的力量。故选C。
32．答案：①emphasis②fighting③a④when⑤t⑥named⑦finally⑧has spread⑨was⑩that/which
解析：①考查名词。句意：咏春拳风格以强调技术而不是力量而闻名。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，构成短语：place emphasis n，意为“强调……”，符合句意。故填emphasis。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：这种风格也要求练习者在战斗时保持放松，使他们达到一种柔软或灵活。这里为状语从句的省略，完全形式为：while they are fighting，省略主语+be，用现在分词表示动作的同时发生。故填fighting。
③考查冠词。句意：这种放松的柔韧性赋予咏春拳运动员一种特殊的力量，使他们能够像竹子一样弯曲而不是折断。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。构成短语：a kind f，意为“一种……”。故填a。
④考查状语从句。句意：相传咏春拳创始人五枚师太正住在少林寺时，少林寺遭到清朝军队的袭击和摧毁。这里为状语从句的连接词，意为“当……时”，用连接词“when”。故填when。
⑤考查介词。句意：在袭击中幸存下来，她逃到了云南和四川的边境地区。根据句意可知，空处指的是“逃往……”，用介词t，构成短语：escape t，意为“逃到某地”。故填t。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里，她遇到了一位名叫严咏春的年轻女子，她最终成为她最优秀的学生之一。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a yung wman”和动词“name”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填named。
⑦考查副词。句意：在那里，她遇到了一位名叫严咏春的年轻女子，她最终成为她最优秀的学生之一。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词担当本句的状语。故填finally。
⑧考查时态。句意：在过去的两百年里，这种新的武术已经传播并发展成不同的分支。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“ver the past tw hundred years”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“this new martial art”，单数，谓语动词用has。故填has spread。
⑨考查时态和主谓一致。句意：叶问，同名热门电影中的主角，是一位著名的咏春拳练习者。这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“Ip Man”，谓语动词用单数。故填was。
⑩考查定语从句。句意：他还教他的学生李小龙咏春拳，李小龙后来出演了深受喜爱的香港功夫电影，这些电影使中国武术闻名世界。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Hng Kng kung fu mvies”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that。故填that/which。
33．答案：My family traditin
It’s an hnr t talk abut my family traditin. I can clearly remember the bright Saturday afternn 10 years ag, when I accidentally kncked ver a neighbr’s flwerpt. Out f fear, I tk flight immediately, rushed hme and pured the whle thing t my parents. They praised me fr my hnesty and encuraged me t take respnsibility fr my fault bravely. Much tuched, I went t aplgize t my neighbr sincerely.
Surprisingly, instead f blaming me, he gave me a thumbs-up fr my hnesty, which brught me a great sense f relief and jy. It was at that mment that I realized the pwer f the family traditin. Actually, hnesty and respnsibility have been running in ur family.
My family traditin has shaped me int a better versin f myself and will lead me further.
Thanks fr yur listening.
解析：1.词汇积累
意外地，偶然地：accidentally→ by accident
立即：immediately → instantly/at nce
感动的：tuched → mved
事实上：actually→ in fact
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My family traditin has shaped me int a better versin f myself and will lead me further.
拓展句：My family traditin has shaped me int a better versin f myself, which will lead me further.
【高分句型1】I can clearly remember the bright Saturday afternn 10 years ag, when I accidentally kncked ver a neighbr’s flwerpt.（运用了when引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Surprisingly, instead f blaming me, he gave me a thumbs-up fr my hnesty, which brught me a great sense f relief and jy.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
34．答案： Suddenly there was a sund in the bush. Out f the grwth flew this battered dg right int my father’s arms. Spider had leaped ver the tennis curt fence with great frce and certainty. My father’s eyes shne, and the ld lady and I std there with tears in ur eyes. He kept licking my father’s face and making chking nises. He smelt dreadful. We wrapped him in an ld blanket and I held him n my lap n the way back. He never nce tk his eyes ff my father as we drve hme. Every s ften I received a lick f gratefulness.
Once hme we had the trash f getting all the prick es (刺) ff him. Befre he was put in a tin tub, we gently cleaned him up with sap. Spider std stically thrugh all this as my father als examined his teeth and ears. Spider spent the rest f his days—years -n the frnt prch, cntent and satisfied, always in wait fr my sister and me cming hme frm schl where he wuld give us a lt f licks t make sure we were all right. He then waited fr my father by the garage dr. We never left him anywhere alne again.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，灌木丛中传来了声音。”以及第二段首句内容“一到家，我们就把他身上所有的刺都弄掉了。”可知，第一段可描写宠物狗从灌木丛中跑了出来，作者一家将其带回了家。
②由第二段首句内容“一到家，我们就把他身上所有的刺都弄掉了。”可知，第二段可描写宠物狗得到了作者一家的精心照顾，成为作者一家不可缺少的成员。
2.续写线索：灌木丛中传来声音——Spider出现——Spider与父亲互动——带Spider回家——将Spider洗干净——从此Spider一直陪伴着家人
3.词汇激活
行为类
①发出：make/let ut
②确保：make sure/ensure
③移开：take ff/take away frm
情绪类
①感激：gratefulness/thankfulness
②满足的：satisfied/fulfilled/cntent
【高分句型1】He never nce tk his eyes ff my father as we drve hme.（运用了as引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】Befre he was put in a tin tub, we gently cleaned him up with sap.（运用了befre引导的状语从句）
一、阅读理解
Natinal Public Radi (NPR) Music’s Tiny Desk Cntest is back. Artists can submit an entry frm this mrning. This isn’t just anther regular year f the Cntest — it’s the 10th anniversary.
The panel (小组) f judges has dubled in size cmpared t previus years. The panel has a grup f industry experts wh are eager t see what this year’s participants can share. And there’s a great team f NPR’s Music statin hsts n the panel: Amelia Masn, Nvena Carmel and Stas THEE Bss.
Als new this year: Nt nly will the 2024 winner play a Tiny Desk cncert, be interviewed n All Things Cnsidered and g n tur with NPR Music — they’ll als be paired with a tutr in the industry wh will help them navigate their music jurney. Our judges are determined t give this year’s winner the supprt they’ll need t take their music t the next level. The winner will als be featured at tw festivals this summer: Celebrate Brklyn and the Millennium Park Summer Music series in Chicag.
And fr the first time this year, the Cntest is intrducing a fan favrite vte. Later this spring, Cntest judges will share their favrite entries as part f the annual Tiny Desk-Cntest Tp Shelf series n YuTube — and then artists and fans will be able t vte fr their favrite amng thse selectins.
Here’s hw t enter: Recrd a vide f yu playing ne riginal sng — behind a desk, uplad yur vide t YuTube, and submit the vide n ur Tiny Desk Cntest website by Feb. 21 at 11: 59 p. m.
A final reminder: Entry vides dn’t need t be fancy. The Tiny Desk is where artists g t simplify their big prductins. Cntest judges are lking fr artists t submit smething that’s true t them and brand new t the Tiny Desk.
1．Wh are mst likely amng the judges?
A. News statin hsts.B. Expert musicians.
C. Cntest participants.D. Famus industrialists.
2．What will the winner get as an award?
A. Sightseeing turs.B. Festival suvenirs.
C. Unlimited supprt.D. Prfessinal guidance.
3．What is required f the cntest entry?
A. It has t be a masterpiece.
B. It must cnvey psitive feelings.
C. It must be recrded behind a desk.
D. It has t be submitted befre Feb. 21.
On a bright September day in the French Alps in 2022, Jhn McAvy was 38 kilmetres int a very exhausting ultramarathn thrugh rugh muntain paths. Battling tiredness, he pushed his bdy and mind thrugh the final leg f the race. With the finish arch in the famus twn f Chamnix just fur kilmetres away and the clud-tpped peak f Mnt Blanc high ver him, McAvy welled up with emtin.
In that mment, he felt s free and alive. It was quite the ppsite frm where his life had been a decade befre. He had just been released frm prisn after serving a 10-year sentence.
Nw 40 years ld, McAvy has spent the last 10 years rebuilding his life frm ne f crime t ne with purpse. It was n this day, while running the ultramarathn, that he realized hw impactful cnquering (征服) this muntain run culd be fr inner-city kids like him. After all, sprt had helped him live a nrmal life again and pen up his wrld. It culd d the same fr thers.
With the help f Yuth Beynd Brders, McAvy started the Alpine Run Prject, which recently led 12 disadvantaged British yung peple thrugh their wn Mnt Blanc races. The participants, frm refugees (难民) t yung refrmed criminals and thse wh grew up in Children’s hme, were matched with caches, cnsultants and physitherapists. After a six-mnth training prgram, the yuth travelled t the Alps t meet up with McAvy fr their race.
McAvy says the highlight f this prject fr him was watching Yasmin Mahamud, a 20-year-ld refugee frm Syria, run thrugh the finish arch and int the arms f her new friends. It was a life-changing high fr Mahamud, t-inspiring her t keep running, take up martial arts and g t university t study physitherapy.
“It changed my pint f view n life, says Mahamud. Pushing herself t cmplete the race gave her a brief experience f her wn ptential thrugh hard wrk and devtin.” I will always be thankful t Jhn fr giving me this pprtunity and guidance.
4．Hw did McAvy feel befre the finish arch?
A. He felt ttally cllapsed.B. He was peaceful and hpeful.
C. He was satisfied with his pace.D. He felt as if cmpletely rebrn.
5．What can we learn abut McAvy frm paragraph 3?
A. He was a builder 10 years ag.
B. He realized the imprtance f sprt.
C. He ran t make up fr his past wrngs.
D. He had sympathy fr the inner-city children.
6．Wh mst prbably tk part in the Mnt Blanc races?
A. A running cach.B. A travel lver.
C. A hmeless teenager.D. A skilled athlete.
7．What message des McAvy’s stry cnvey?
A. Live fr the mment.
B. Dream big and climb high.
C. After the strm cmes the rainbw.
D. Run after the light and becme the light.
Peple have cme t understand the enrmus impacts-beneficial as well as harmful- plastics have n human lives and the envirnment. As plymer (聚合物) scientists cmmitted t inventing sustainable slutins fr real-wrld prblems, we set ut t tackle the issue f plastic waste by rethinking the way plymers are designed s we culd make plastics with recyclability built right in.
Everyday items including milk jug, grcery bags, and takeut cntainers are made frm a class f plymers called plylefins. These plastics are really durable (耐用的) because the chemical bnds in thse plymers are extremely stable. In a wrld set up fr dispsable (一次性的) items, durability is n lnger a design feature but rather a design drawback. Imagine if half the plastics used tday were recyclable thrugh twice as many prcesses as they are nw. Als cnventinal recycling requires careful srting f all the cllected materials, which can be challenging with s many different plastics. Fr example, separating paper frm metal desn’t require cmplex technlgy, but srting a cntainer frm a milk jug f a different plylefin is difficult t d withut the ccasinal mistake.
In a study published in Science in Octber 2023, we described a series f plymers with nly tw building blcks-ne sft plymer and ne hard plymer-that behave like plylefins but culd be chemically recycled. Cnnecting tw different plymers multiple times until they frm a single, lng mlecule (分子) creates what’s called a multiblck plymer. By changing hw much f each plymer type ges int the multiblck plymer, ur team prduced a wide range f materials with prperties that cvered all plylefin types.
Using the same strategy but by adding hydrgen, we culd discnnect the plymers back int their building blcks and easily separate them t use again. When we made new plymers ut f these recycled plastics, they perfrmed just as well as the riginal materials even after several runds f chemical recycling. S we were able t create materials with similar prperties f the plastics the wrld relies n. We believe this wrk is a step tward mre sustainable plastics.
8．What is paragraph 2 mainly abut cncerning plastics?
A. Their multiple uses.B. Their chemical prperties.
C. Their recycling challenges.D. Their classificatin criteria.
9．A key factr f prducing diverse multiblck plymers is ______.
A. mixing building blcks with lng mlecules
B. integrating chemicals int the tw plymers
C. cmbining tw different multiblck plymers
D. adjusting the percentage f the tw plymers
10．Which is a feature f multiblck plymers?
A. They are made frm sustainable materials.
B. They can be recycled by adding hydrgen.
C. Their reliability utperfrms traditinal plastics.
D. Their prperties change with runds f recycling.
11．Which f the fllwing might be the best title?
A. Designing fr RecyclingB. Classifying Plastic Waste
C. Replace Plastics with PlymersD. Technlgy Creates the Future
Hiring prcesses can be thught f as a battle between integrity and dishnesty. Yu might imagine this is a simple fight between truth-seeking firms and self-prmting candidates, and t a certain extent it is. But cmpanies themselves are prne (有倾向的) t bend reality ut f shape in ways that are self-defeating.
Start with the bvius wrngders: jb applicants. When it cmes t writing the resume (简历), they tend t massage (美化) reality int the mst appealing shape pssible. Everyne beynd a certain level f experience is a transfrmatinal leader persnally respnsible fr generating millins incme; the wrld ecnmy wuld be abut 15 times bigger than it actually is if all such claims were true. The average British spends fur and a half hurs a day watching TV and nline vides. But each average jb candidate is an enthusiast fr public welfare, using their spare time nly fr wrthy purpses, like vlunteering in sup kitchens.
But the tendency t stretch the truth infects cmpanies as well as applicants. The typical firm will write a jb descriptin that invariably describes the wrk envirnment as fast-paced and innvative, and then lays ut a set f imprbable requirements fr the “ideal candidate”, smene wh almst by definitin des nt exist. Smetimes, the requirements include an ability t g back and change the curse f histry.
T few firms ffer an accurate accunt f what a psitin actually invlves in their jb previews, which are suppsed t give prspective emplyees a genuine sense f the negatives and psitives f the jb, as well as a clear idea f the cmpany’s crprate culture. One effective strategy is t lay ut in text r vide, what a typical day in the rle wuld lk like.
Such hnesty can be its wn reward. Research has lng suggested that realistic jb previews lead t lwer turnver and higher emplyee satisfactin. A paper in 2011 by David Eamest f Twsn University and his c-authrs cncluded that favurable perceptins f the rganisatin’s hnesty are the best explanatin fr why. S a prcess designed t uncver the truth abut jb applicants wuld run a lt mre smthly if firms were als hnest abut themselves.
12．Why are “leader” and “enthusiast” mentined in paragraph 2?
A. T present a rule.B. T clarify a fact.
C. T make a cmparisn.D. T explain a phenmenn.
13．What des the underlined wrd “stretch” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Overstate.B. Overturn.C. Overlk.D. Overestimate.
14．What are jb previews expected t be like in paragraph 4?
A. They shw a psitin as it is.
B. They are made either in text r vide.
C. They are favrable fr bigger firms.
D. They mainly cntain negatives f a jb.
15．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. Pains and gains f emplyees.
B. Hw t get the lying ut f hiring.
C. Hw t be mre appealing in hiring.
D. A wrestle between applicants and cmpanies.
二、七选五
16．It’s nt s lng ag that cntactless card payments were exciting and new, but the technlgy is already ld-hat. The new, better way t pay fr things in shps? By using yur phne t make a cntactless payment.
Because traditinally, when yu have paid with a card tap (轻敲) r using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shp yu are buying frm will be nting dwn all f yur card details. ① _________ And this culd be a prblem — it means that if the shp is hacked (侵入) r plays fast and lse with its data, yu culd find yur card number expsed t the wrld.
Hwever, when yu tap t pay with yur device, it generates a unique ID number fr that deal and sends that instead. S yu can pay fr yur gds and the shp can get yur mney. ② _________ That is t say, phne payments are smarter.
③ _________ If a pickpcket steals yur card they can immediately use up the mney. But if they get yur phne, when the phne ges t pay it will typically perfrm a bimetric check-it will ask fr a finger-print r use the camera t lk at yur face, t check that yu are wh yu say yu are.
④ _________ Because f this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than fr cntactless cards. In the UK, it’s arund £ 100 fr mst retailers-thugh sme shps including mst supermarkets let yu spend much mre with just a tap f the phne.
Want t give it a try? T actually set things up, g t yur Wallet app and fllw the instructins. ⑤ _________ Then it will autmatically recgnise the numbers and cnnect with yur bank. Usually yu receive a text message with a special cde n it. And then, well, yu’re dne. When yu pay, hld yur phne ver the payment machine, and pay fr yur gds!
A. It helps t build the client list.
B. The setup prcess varies with banks.
C. N ne needs t share any sensitive data.
D. It’s als mre effective against the threat f thefts.
E. And phne payments are increasingly cnvenient t.
F. Typically this starts by scanning yur card with yur phne.
G. Therefre, it knws which bank accunt t take the mney frm.
三、完形填空（15空）
My lng-distance cycling career f 13 years and 35, 000 kilmetres ended as I apprached 75. Althugh I am nw n lnger strng enugh t 1 the lng days and big climbs, day in and day ut, I have my memries.
The rad behind is just memries, sme sn t be frgtten, thers t be 2 and enhanced with the retelling. A 6000-kilmetre crss-cuntry ride initially appears 3 , but, nce dne, it is simply dne, much like the challenges that life 4 .
Real 5 wuld cme when I was alne n my bicycle. I enjyed meeting and even 6 the daily targets I had set fr myself. I enjyed the technical challenges faced by tire bursts and lse handlebars, but 7 nt at that time. I lved cycling with a strng tailwind pushing me alng and hated 8 int a strng headwind. I lved striking up cnversatins with a diversity f peple and sincerely appreciated the supprt and cmfrt they 9 .
Lng distance cycling brings unbearable exhaustin, lng hurs f anxiety, even fear and desperatin, but these 10 int insignificance, cmpared t the jy and 11 f climbing huge muntains r seeing fantastic sights fr the first time. The experiences add newness and 12 t my life and the memries are 13 .
Mst imprtantly, cycling taught me t knw myself better. It eventually dawned n me that I had mre 14 and curage than I ever imagined. The self-awareness and lng-lasting memries will give me enrmus 15 as I carry n my life jurney.
17．A. appreciateB. chseC. expectD. stand
18．A. treasuredB. explredC. createdD. discussed
19．A. bringB. annyingC. cnfusingD. discuraging
20．A. vercmesB. greetsC. thrwsD. ignres
21．A. lnelinessB. jyC. cnvenienceD. panic
22．A. makingB. changingC. beatingD. finalizing
23．A. reasnablyB. admittedlyC. frtunatelyD. hpefully
24．A. battlingB. slippingC. fallingD. wandering
25．A. wnedB. fferedC. mentinedD. prmised
26．A. fitB. paleC. runD. back
27．A. reflectinB. anticipatinC. satisfactinD. mtivatin
28．A. secretsB. rulesC. decisinsD. dimensins
29．A. reliableB. flexibleC. inaccessibleD. unfrgettable
30．A. tughnessB. curisityC. imaginatinD. wisdm
31．A. insightB. knwledgeC. pwerD. admiratin
四、短文填空
32．Wing Chun is a suthern Chinese kung fu style descends frm Shalin Kung Fu. It has the distinctin f having been funded by tw wmen, Ng Mui and Yim Wing-chun.
The Wing Chun style is knwn fr placing① _________ (emphasize) n technique rather than strength. This style als calls fr practitiners t stay relaxed while② _________ (fight), allwing them t achieve a kind f sftness r flexibility. This relaxed flexibility gives Wing Chun fighter③ _________ special kind f strength that allws them t bend, nt break, just like bamb.
Legend has it that Wing Chun funder Ng Mui was living at Shalin Temple④ _________ it was attacked and destryed by Qing dynasty frcers. Surviving the attack, she escaped⑤ _________ the brder area between Yunnan and Sichuan. There she met a yung wman⑥ _________ (name)Yim Wing-chun, wh⑦ _________ (final) became ne f her tp students. She taught Yim an imprved versin f Shalin Kung Fu, knwn as Wing Chun nw. This new martial art⑧ _________ (spread) and grwn int different branches ver the past tw hundred years.
Ip Man, featured in the epnymus (同名的) hit films, ⑨ _________ (be) a ntable practitiner f Wing Chun style martial arts. He als taught the Wing Chun style t his student, Bruce Lee, wh wuld g n t act in the belved Hng Kng kung fu mvies⑩ _________ helped make Chinese martial arts famus arund the wrld.
五、书面表达
33．你校将举办以“讲故事，话家风”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请以“My family traditin” 为题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 一件家风小事；
2. 对你的影响。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
My family traditin
It’s an hnr t talk abut my family traditin.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was eight years ld and wasn’t aware f all the arrangements being made fr ur jurney as a family t Lndn in 1950. My mther was in great pain and wished t visit specialists in Lndn. My father reluctantly had t sell ur prperty in Queensland. The day befre we barded the ship, Father unwillingly said gdbye t his five-year-ld cattle dg, Spider, wh was lved by us all. Father’s friend Sandy was t be his guardian while we were verseas, as he had been getting t knw Spider fr many weeks.
Six weeks later, an airletter arrived frm Sandy, giving my father the news that Spider had run away just tw weeks after we had sailed. Sandy had advertised cnstantly n ABC and ther reginal newspapers. Despite many “sightings”, the dg was never fund. It seems Spider just kept running and searching fr us. As he was cattle dg, my father thught he wuld she r ding-trapped, because f his appearance. But ur family thught that Father held a secrets hpe that Spider was still alive.
We sailed back t Australia tw years later and re-established ur hme. My father immediately began his wn search fr Spider. One cld winter’s Saturday mrning eight mnths after ur return, my father had a call frm an elderly lady living n her wn n the utskirts f the twn. As she tld my father n the telephne, it was “just glimpses f a ding-type dg in the shadws” f her disused tennis curt. That was enugh fr my father t interrupt my hmewrk.
We set ff in his blue and black Jensen car which he had brught back frm England. It was hardly the right vehicle fr the rugh rads we travelled that day. Five and a half hurs later, we fund the run-dwn ld prperty. Sadly, she tld my father that the “ding dg” hadn’t been arund fr a few days. My father had a strange lk in his eye. He put tw fingers t his lips and did his special whistle fr Spider.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly there was a sund in the bush.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Once hme we had the task f getting all the prickles (刺) ff him.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The panel (小组) f judges has dubled in size cmpared t previus years. The panel has a grup f industry experts wh are eager t see what this year’s participants can share. (评委小组的规模比往年增加了一倍。该小组有一群行业专家，他们渴望看到今年的参与者可以分享什么。)”可知，评委小组有音乐行业的专家，所以专业的音乐家最有可能在其中，故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“they’ll als be paired with a tutr in the industry wh will help them navigate their music jurney. Our judges are determined t give this year’s winner the supprt they’ll need t take their music t the next level. (他们还将与一位业内导师合作，帮助他们度过音乐之旅。我们的评委们决心给予今年的冠军支持，让他们的音乐更上一层楼)”可知，获胜者将得到专业的指导，故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Recrd a vide f yu playing ne riginal sng — behind a desk (录制一段你在桌子后面演奏一首原创歌曲的视频)”可知，参赛作品必须是在一张桌子后面演唱的，故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“In that mment, he felt s free and alive. It was quite the ppsite frm where his life had been a decade befre. He had just been released frm prisn after serving a 10-year sentence.(在那一刻，他感到如此自由和充满活力。这与他十年前的生活完全相反。他在服完10年徒刑后刚刚从监狱获释。)”可知，Jhn McAvy在终点拱门前感觉自己仿佛完全重生了一样，开启了新生活。故选D。
5．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“It was n this day, while running the ultramarathn, that he realized hw impactful cnquering this muntain run culd be fr inner-city kids like him. After all, sprt had helped him live a nrmal life again and pen up his wrld. (就在这一天，当他跑超级马拉松的时候，他意识到征服这个山跑对像他这样的贫民区孩子来说是多么有影响力。毕竟，体育帮助他重新过上了正常的生活，打开了他的世界。) ”可知，从第三段我们可以了解到Jhn McAvy认识到体育运动的重要性，它帮助麦卡沃伊过上了新的生活。故选B。
6．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“The participants, frm refugees t yung refrmed criminals and thse wh grew up in Children’s hme, were matched with caches, cnsultants and physitherapists. (参与者，从难民到年轻的改过自新的罪犯，以及在儿童福利院长大的人，都有教练、咨询师和理疗师与之匹配。)”推知，无家可归的少年最有可能参加过勃朗峰的比赛。故选C。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“With the help f Yuth Beynd Brders, McAvy started the Alpine Run Prject, which recently led 12 disadvantaged British yung peple thrugh their wn Mnt Blanc races. The participants, frm refugees t yung refrmed criminals and thse wh grew up in Children’s hme, were matched with caches, cnsultants and physitherapists. (在Yuth Beynd Brders的帮助下，Jhn McAvy 启动了“高山跑步项目”，最近带领12名处境不利的英国年轻人参加了他们自己的勃朗峰比赛。参与者，从难民到年轻的改过自新的罪犯，以及在儿童福利院长大的人，都有教练、咨询师和理疗师与之匹配。)”和第五段的“It was a life-changing high fr Mahamud, t-inspiring her t keep running, take up martial arts and g t university t study physitherapy.(对Mahamud来说，这是一个改变人生的高潮，也激励她继续跑步，学习武术，上大学学习物理治疗。)”以及第六段的““It changed my pint f view n life, says Mahamud. Pushing herself t cmplete the race gave her a brief experience f her wn ptential thrugh hard wrk and devtin. ” I will always be thankful t Jhn fr giving me this pprtunity and guidance.(Mahamud说：“这改变了我对生活的看法。推动自己完成比赛让她通过努力和奉献短暂地体验了自己的潜力。”我将永远感谢约翰给我这个机会和指导。)”可知，Jhn McAvy从犯罪生活重返社会、寻找生活目标，他意识到体育运动对于处于困境的孩子们有着巨大的影响力，因此他的故事可以鼓励个人追求积极向上，散发积极能量，照亮周围的世界，D项“奔向光明，成为光明”符合。故选D。
8．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“In a wrld set up fr dispsable (一次性的) items, durability is n lnger a design feature but rather a design drawback. Imagine if half the plastics used tday were recyclable thrugh twice as many prcesses as they are nw. Als cnventinal recycling requires careful srting f all the cllected materials, which can be challenging with s many different plastics. Fr example, separating paper frm metal desn’t require cmplex technlgy, but srting a cntainer frm a milk jug f a different plylefin is difficult t d withut the ccasinal mistake.(在一次性物品的世界中，耐用性不再是一个设计特征，而是一个设计缺陷。想象一下，如果今天使用的一半塑料可以通过两倍于现在的过程进行回收。此外，传统的回收需要对所有收集到的材料进行仔细的分类，这对于这么多不同的塑料来说是具有挑战性的。例如，将纸和金属分开并不需要复杂的技术，但将一个容器和一个牛奶罐中不同的聚烯烃进行分类却很难做到没有偶尔的错误。)”可知，文章第二段主要讲述的是关于塑料回收的挑战。故选C。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In a study published in Science in Octber 2023, we described a series f plymers with nly tw building blcks-ne sft plymer and ne hard plymer-that behave like plylefins but culd be chemically recycled. Cnnecting tw different plymers multiple times until they frm a single, lng mlecule (分子) creates what’s called a multiblck plymer. By changing hw much f each plymer type ges int the multiblck plymer, ur team prduced a wide range f materials with prperties that cvered all plylefin types.(在2023年10月发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究中，我们描述了一系列聚合物，它们只有两种基本成分——一种软聚合物和一种硬聚合物——它们的行为像聚烯烃，但可以化学回收。将两种不同的聚合物多次连接，直到它们形成一个单一的长分子，就形成了所谓的多嵌段聚合物。通过改变多嵌段聚合物中每种聚合物的含量，我们的团队生产出了各种各样的材料，其性能涵盖了所有类型的聚烯烃。)”可知，生产多种多嵌段聚合物的关键因素是调整两种聚合物的含量。故选D。
10．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Using the same strategy but by adding hydrgen, we culd discnnect the plymers back int their building blcks and easily separate them t use again. When we made new plymers ut f these recycled plastics, they perfrmed just as well as the riginal materials even after several runds f chemical recycling. (使用相同的策略，但通过添加氢，我们可以将聚合物分离回它们的组成部分，并轻松地将它们分离出来再次使用。当我们用这些回收塑料制成新的聚合物时，即使经过几轮化学回收，它们的性能也和原始材料一样好。)”可知，多嵌段聚合物可以通过添加氢的方式被分离出来再次使用。故选B。
11．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Peple have cme t understand the enrmus impacts-beneficial as well as harmful- plastics have n human lives and the envirnment. As plymer (聚合物) scientists cmmitted t inventing sustainable slutins fr real-wrld prblems, we set ut t tackle the issue f plastic waste by rethinking the way plymers are designed s we culd make plastics with recyclability built right in.(人们已经开始了解塑料对人类生活和环境的巨大影响，既有有益的，也有有害的。聚合物科学家致力于为现实世界的问题发明可持续的解决方案，我们开始通过重新思考聚合物的设计方式来解决塑料垃圾问题，这样我们就可以制造出具有可回收性的塑料。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了聚合物科学家如何通过重新设计聚合物的结构来解决塑料废物问题，以实现其可回收性。文章强调了设计的重要性，并介绍了如何通过特殊的化学方法制造和回收一种新型的多嵌段聚合物。因此，最能概括文章主题的标题应该是强调“设计”和“回收”这两个关键词的。故选A。
12．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。第二段中“When it cmes t writing the resume (简历), they tend t massage (美化) reality int the mst appealing shape pssible.(在写简历的时候，他们倾向于把现实情况美化成最吸引人的样子)”提到求职者写简历时会美化现实，下文“Everyne beynd a certain level f experience is a transfrmatinal leader persnally respnsible fr generating millins incme(每个经验稍长的人都是变革型领导者，个人负责创造数百万的收入)”和“But each average jb candidate is an enthusiast fr public welfare, using their spare time nly fr wrthy purpses, like vlunteering in sup kitchens.(但平均每位求职者都热衷于公益事业，他们只把业余时间用于有价值的目的，比如在施粥处做志愿)”都是举例具体说明上述现象，故选D。
13．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“as well as applicants(和申请者一样)”以及“The typical firm will write a jb descriptin that invariably describes the wrk envirnment as fast-paced and innvative, and then lays ut a set f imprbable requirements fr the ‘ideal candidate’, smene wh almst by definitin des nt exist.(典型的公司会撰写一份工作描述，总是将工作环境描述为快节奏和创新的，并提出一套对‘理想候选人’的不太可能的要求，几乎按定义来说，这样的人并不存在)”可知，公司和申请者一样，也有夸大事实的倾向，stretch意为“夸大”，故选A。
14．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“T few firms ffer an accurate accunt f what a psitin actually invlves in their jb previews, which are suppsed t give prspective emplyees a genuine sense f the negatives and psitives f the jb, as well as a clear idea f the cmpany’s crprate culture. One effective strategy is t lay ut in text r vide, what a typical day in the rle wuld lk like.(很少有公司会在职位预览中准确地描述一个职位的实际工作内容，而预览的目的是让未来的员工真正了解这份工作的优缺点，以及公司的企业文化。一个有效的策略是在文字或视频中列出这个职位的典型一天是怎么过的)”可知，职位预览应该展示一个职位的真实情况，故选A。
15．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Such hnesty can be its wn reward.(这种诚实本身就是一种回报)”可知，文章介绍了招聘过程中求职者和公司都倾向于夸大事实，很少有公司提供真实的职位预览，但研究表明诚实是一种回报，真实的职位预览会降低离职率，提高员工满意度，B项“如何消除招聘中的谎言”能够总结文章大意，故选B。
16．答案：①-⑤GCDEF
解析：①上文“Because traditinally, when yu have paid with a card tap (轻敲) r using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shp yu are buying frm will be nting dwn all f yur card details.(因为传统上，当你用刷卡或刷卡机付款时，最终你购买的商店会记下你所有的信用卡细节)”描述原因，空处应是接着说结果，G项“因此，它知道从哪个银行账户取钱”符合语境，故选G。
②根据上文“Hwever, when yu tap t pay with yur device, it generates a unique ID number fr that deal and sends that instead. S yu can pay fr yur gds and the shp can get yur mney.(然而，当你用你的设备点击支付时，它会为这笔交易生成一个唯一的ID号并发送。所以你可以支付你的商品，商店可以得到你的钱)”可知，支付时形成的ID一次性的也是唯一的，因此个人信息不会或数据不会被分享出去。C项“没有人需要分享任何敏感数据”符合语境，故选C。
③根据本段内容“But if they get yur phne, when the phne ges t pay it will typically perfrm a bimetric check — it will ask fr a finger-print r use the camera t lk at yur face, t check that yu are wh yu say yu are.(但如果他们拿到了你的手机，当手机开始支付时，它通常会进行生物识别检查——它会要求你提供指纹或使用摄像头查看你的脸，以检查你是否就是你所说的那个人)”可知，本段是说手机支付能防止盗刷钱财，D项“它还能更有效地抵御盗窃威胁”符合语境，故选D。
④根据空后“Because f this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than fr cntactless cards. In the UK, it’s arund £ 100 fr mst retailers — thugh sme shps including mst supermarkets let yu spend much mre with just a tap f the phne. (由于这种增加的安全性，限额通常高于非接触式卡。在英国，对大多数零售商来说，这大约是100英镑——尽管一些商店，包括大多数超市，你只需点击一下手机就可以花更多的钱)”可知，本段是说手机支付的便捷，E项“手机支付也越来越方便”符合语境，故选E。
⑤根据上文“T actually set things up, g t yur Wallet app and fllw the instructins.(要真正设置，请进入钱包应用程序并按照说明进行设置)”及下文“Then it will autmatically recgnise the numbers and cnnect with yur bank.(然后，它会自动识别这些号码，并与你的银行联系)”可知，空处是描述设置手机支付的第一步，F项“这通常是从用手机扫描信用卡开始的”符合语境，故选F。
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在再也没有足够的体力去忍受漫长的日子以及艰难的山路攀爬，日复一日，但我拥有的是满满的回忆。A. appreciate欣赏、感激；B. chse选择；C. expect期待；D. stand站立、忍受。根据上文“I am nw n lnger strng enugh”可知，作者已经75岁了，没有足够的体力去忍受长时间的攀爬。故选D。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：身后的道路只是回忆，有些很快就会被遗忘，有些则将随着反复述说而被珍藏和升华。A. treasured珍视、珍藏；B. explred探索；C. created创造；D. discussed讨论。根据空后的“enhanced”以及上文“sme sn t be frgtten”可推测，空处是一种比较，有些记忆会忘记，而有些则被珍藏。故选A。
19．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一次6000公里的跨国骑行，起初看起来令人气馁的，但一旦完成，也就仅仅完成了而已，这与生活中遇到的其他挑战并无太大不同。A. bring乏味的；B. annying令人恼怒的；C. cnfusing令人困惑的；D. discuraging令人气馁的。根据空前的“initially”以及下文“but, nce dne, it is simply dne”可知，6000公里的骑行，最初听起来好像让人望而却步，但是一旦完成也就仅仅如此。故选D。
20．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一次6000公里的跨国骑行，起初看起来令人望而生畏，但一旦完成，也就仅仅完成了而已，这与生活中遇到的其他挑战并无太大不同。A. vercmes克服；B. greets迎接、问候；C. thrws扔、把……加于；D. ignres忽视。根据先行词“the challenges”以及从句主语“life”可推测，这些挑战是生活加在我们身上的。故选C。
21．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我独自骑自行车的时候，真正的快乐就来了。A. lneliness孤独；B. jy高兴；C. cnvenience便利；D. panic恐慌。这些都是作者所喜爱的，由此可知，作者骑行时感到的是真正的快乐。故选B。
22．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢达到甚至超过我为自己设定的每日目标。A. making使、制作；B. changing改变；C. beating打、跳动、超过；D. finalizing完成、确定。根据上文的“meeting”以及空前的“even”可推测，空处指的是比“meeting”更进一步，那么自然是超过自己所定的目标。故选C。
23．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很享受轮胎爆胎和车把松动带来的技术挑战，但我承认，当时我并不喜欢。A. reasnably适当地；B. admittedly公认地；C. frtunately幸运地；D. hpefully怀着希望地。根据空前的“but”可知，作者想承认的是享受那种技术挑战，但是处理挑战时并不好受。故选B。
24．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在强劲的顺风推动下骑行，讨厌顶着狂风艰难前行。A. battling与……作战；B. slipping滑倒；C. falling摔倒；D. wandering漫步、徘徊。根据上文“I lved cycling with a strng tailwind pushing me alng”可知，作者喜欢顺风骑行，那么相对的，作者讨厌的是逆风而上的艰难。故选A。
25．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢和各种各样的人交谈，真诚地感谢他们提供的支持和安慰。A. wned拥有；B. ffered提供；C. mentined提及；D. prmised承诺。根据先行词“the supprt and cmfrt”可推测，作者感激的是这些人给自己提供的支持和安慰。故选B。
26．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：长途骑行带来了难以忍受的疲惫，长时间的焦虑，甚至恐惧和绝望，但与攀登高山或第一次看到奇妙风景的喜悦和满足感相比，这些都显得微不足道。A. fit适合；B. pale相形见绌；C. run跑；D. back支持。长途骑行带来的疲惫、焦虑以及恐惧等，和其带来的愉悦相比，会显得微不足道。考查短语：pale int insignificance，意为“显得微不足道”，符合句意。 故选B。
27．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：长途骑行带来了难以忍受的疲惫，长时间的焦虑，甚至恐惧和绝望，但与攀登高山或第一次看到奇妙风景的喜悦和满足感相比，这些都显得微不足道。A. reflectin反射、反映；B. anticipatin预期；C. satisfactin满意；D. mtivatin动机。根据空前的“jy”以及上文的“insignificance”可推测，作者认为攀登高山或第一次看到奇妙风景会给自己带来愉悦和满足。故选C。
28．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些经历为我的生活增添了新鲜感和维度，这些记忆令人难忘。A. secrets秘密；B. rules规则；C. decisins决定；D. dimensins尺寸、维度。根据空前“newness”以及句意可知，这些骑行的经历给作者的生活增添了维度。故选D。
29．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些经历为我的生活增添了新鲜感和维度，这些记忆令人难忘。A. reliable可依赖的；B. flexible灵活的；C. inaccessible难接近的；D. unfrgettable难以忘记的。这些经历常常被再次想起提及，由此可知，这些经历是令人难忘的。故选D。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我终于意识到，我比自己想象的更有韧性和勇气。A. tughness强硬；B. curisity好奇心；C. imaginatin想象力；D. wisdm智慧、明智。远途骑行需要韧性也需要勇气，而作者通过骑行的经历意识到自己具备这样的韧性和勇气。故选A。
31．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种自我认知和长久以来的回忆，将在我继续人生旅程时给予我巨大的力量。A. insight洞察力；B. knwledge知识；C. pwer权力、力量；D. admiratin钦佩。作者意识到自己比想象中的具有韧性和勇气，而这种认知的提升给了作者继续人生旅程所需要的力量。故选C。
32．答案：①emphasis②fighting③a④when⑤t⑥named⑦finally⑧has spread⑨was⑩that/which
解析：①考查名词。句意：咏春拳风格以强调技术而不是力量而闻名。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，构成短语：place emphasis n，意为“强调……”，符合句意。故填emphasis。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：这种风格也要求练习者在战斗时保持放松，使他们达到一种柔软或灵活。这里为状语从句的省略，完全形式为：while they are fighting，省略主语+be，用现在分词表示动作的同时发生。故填fighting。
③考查冠词。句意：这种放松的柔韧性赋予咏春拳运动员一种特殊的力量，使他们能够像竹子一样弯曲而不是折断。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。构成短语：a kind f，意为“一种……”。故填a。
④考查状语从句。句意：相传咏春拳创始人五枚师太正住在少林寺时，少林寺遭到清朝军队的袭击和摧毁。这里为状语从句的连接词，意为“当……时”，用连接词“when”。故填when。
⑤考查介词。句意：在袭击中幸存下来，她逃到了云南和四川的边境地区。根据句意可知，空处指的是“逃往……”，用介词t，构成短语：escape t，意为“逃到某地”。故填t。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里，她遇到了一位名叫严咏春的年轻女子，她最终成为她最优秀的学生之一。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a yung wman”和动词“name”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填named。
⑦考查副词。句意：在那里，她遇到了一位名叫严咏春的年轻女子，她最终成为她最优秀的学生之一。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词担当本句的状语。故填finally。
⑧考查时态。句意：在过去的两百年里，这种新的武术已经传播并发展成不同的分支。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“ver the past tw hundred years”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“this new martial art”，单数，谓语动词用has。故填has spread。
⑨考查时态和主谓一致。句意：叶问，同名热门电影中的主角，是一位著名的咏春拳练习者。这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“Ip Man”，谓语动词用单数。故填was。
⑩考查定语从句。句意：他还教他的学生李小龙咏春拳，李小龙后来出演了深受喜爱的香港功夫电影，这些电影使中国武术闻名世界。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Hng Kng kung fu mvies”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that。故填that/which。
33．答案：My family traditin
It’s an hnr t talk abut my family traditin. I can clearly remember the bright Saturday afternn 10 years ag, when I accidentally kncked ver a neighbr’s flwerpt. Out f fear, I tk flight immediately, rushed hme and pured the whle thing t my parents. They praised me fr my hnesty and encuraged me t take respnsibility fr my fault bravely. Much tuched, I went t aplgize t my neighbr sincerely.
Surprisingly, instead f blaming me, he gave me a thumbs-up fr my hnesty, which brught me a great sense f relief and jy. It was at that mment that I realized the pwer f the family traditin. Actually, hnesty and respnsibility have been running in ur family.
My family traditin has shaped me int a better versin f myself and will lead me further.
Thanks fr yur listening.
解析：1.词汇积累
意外地，偶然地：accidentally→ by accident
立即：immediately → instantly/at nce
感动的：tuched → mved
事实上：actually→ in fact
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My family traditin has shaped me int a better versin f myself and will lead me further.
拓展句：My family traditin has shaped me int a better versin f myself, which will lead me further.
【高分句型1】I can clearly remember the bright Saturday afternn 10 years ag, when I accidentally kncked ver a neighbr’s flwerpt.（运用了when引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Surprisingly, instead f blaming me, he gave me a thumbs-up fr my hnesty, which brught me a great sense f relief and jy.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
34．答案： Suddenly there was a sund in the bush. Out f the grwth flew this battered dg right int my father’s arms. Spider had leaped ver the tennis curt fence with great frce and certainty. My father’s eyes shne, and the ld lady and I std there with tears in ur eyes. He kept licking my father’s face and making chking nises. He smelt dreadful. We wrapped him in an ld blanket and I held him n my lap n the way back. He never nce tk his eyes ff my father as we drve hme. Every s ften I received a lick f gratefulness.
Once hme we had the trash f getting all the prick es (刺) ff him. Befre he was put in a tin tub, we gently cleaned him up with sap. Spider std stically thrugh all this as my father als examined his teeth and ears. Spider spent the rest f his days—years -n the frnt prch, cntent and satisfied, always in wait fr my sister and me cming hme frm schl where he wuld give us a lt f licks t make sure we were all right. He then waited fr my father by the garage dr. We never left him anywhere alne again.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，灌木丛中传来了声音。”以及第二段首句内容“一到家，我们就把他身上所有的刺都弄掉了。”可知，第一段可描写宠物狗从灌木丛中跑了出来，作者一家将其带回了家。
②由第二段首句内容“一到家，我们就把他身上所有的刺都弄掉了。”可知，第二段可描写宠物狗得到了作者一家的精心照顾，成为作者一家不可缺少的成员。
2.续写线索：灌木丛中传来声音——Spider出现——Spider与父亲互动——带Spider回家——将Spider洗干净——从此Spider一直陪伴着家人
3.词汇激活
行为类
①发出：make/let ut
②确保：make sure/ensure
③移开：take ff/take away frm
情绪类
①感激：gratefulness/thankfulness
②满足的：satisfied/fulfilled/cntent
【高分句型1】He never nce tk his eyes ff my father as we drve hme.（运用了as引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】Befre he was put in a tin tub, we gently cleaned him up with sap.（运用了befre引导的状语从句）
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