资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩7页未读，
继续阅读
北京市北京师范大学附属中学平谷第一分校2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
展开
这是一份北京市北京师范大学附属中学平谷第一分校2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含精品解析北京市北京师范大学附属中学平谷第一分校2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题原卷版docx、精品解析北京市北京师范大学附属中学平谷第一分校2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。
共100分，考试时长90分钟
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Take an Optin
Jerry was a natural mtivatr. He was always in a gd md and always had smething ____1____ t say, which really made me curius. One day I went up t ask him hw he did that. “Well, life is all abut ____2____. It’s yur ptin hw yu live yur life,” Jerry replied.
Sn I mved t anther city. Several mnths later, I heard that Jerry was seriusly injured in the chest while skiing. ____3____, he was fund quickly and rushed t the hspital. After 8 hurs f surgery and weeks f intensive care, he was ____4____ frm the hspital.
Later, when we met again, I asked Jerry what had ____5____ his mind during the accident. “As I lay in the snw, I knew I had tw ptins: One was t live, the ther was t die. I chse t live,” Jerry said. “The paramedics (急救人员) were great. They kept telling me I was ging t be fine. But when they ____6____ me int the emergency rm and I saw the expressins n the faces f the dctrs, I gt really ____7____. In their eyes, I read, ‘He’s a dead man.’ I knew I needed t take actin. I tld them, ‘Operate n me as if I’m alive, nt dead.’ Yu see, I just tried t ____8____ their cnfidence.” Finally Jerry lived thanks t the skill f his dctrs, but als because f his amazing ____9____ t live.
Jerry has taught me a lt. I learn frm him that every day we have the chice t live fully. Yur ____10____, after all, is everything.
1. A. regularB. familiarC. psitiveD. typical
2. A. chicesB. trendsC. relatinsD. secrets
3. A. NrmallyB. ObviuslyC. HpefullyD. Luckily
4. A. preservedB. releasedC. distinguishedD. abandned
5. A. gne thrughB. put upC. turned inD. called fr
6. A. frcedB. fllwedC. wheeledD. recmmended
7 A. bredB. frightenedC. cnfusedD. embarrassed
8. A. expressB. shareC. gainD. inspire
9. A. talentB. achievementC. desireD. evidence
10. A. attitudeB. standardC. abilityD. cntrl
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。“我”的朋友杰瑞总是很积极乐观，在一次事故中，杰瑞凭借强烈的求生欲望活了下来并且恢复了健康。“我”从杰瑞身上学到一个道理：选择和态度决定一切。
【1题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：他总是心情很好，总是说一些积极的话，这真的让我很好奇。A.regular规律的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.psitive积极的；D.typical典型的。根据“He was always in a gd md”可知，此处是指总是说一些积极的话。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：生活就是选择。A.chices选择；B.trends趋势；C.relatins关系；D.secrets秘密。根据“It’s yur ptin hw yu live yur life”（如何生活是你自己的选择）可知，此处是指生活就是选择。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：幸运的是，他很快被发现并送往医院。A.Nrmally正常地；B.Obviusly明显地；C.Hpefully有希望地；D.Luckily幸运地。根据“he was fund quickly and rushed t the hspital”可知，这件事很幸运。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：经过8个小时的手术和数周的精心护理，他出院了。A.preserved保存；B.released释放；C.distinguished区分；D.abandned抛弃。根据“After 8 hurs f surgery and weeks f intensive care”可知，此处是指他出院了。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，当我们再次见面时，我问杰瑞在事故中他是怎么想的。A.gne thrugh通过；B.put up张贴；C.turned in交上；D.called fr要求。根据“As I lay in the snw, I knew I had tw ptins: One was t live, the ther was t die.”（当我躺在雪地上时，我知道我有两种选择：一种是活下去，另一种是死。）可知，此处是指 “我”问杰瑞在事故中他是怎么想的。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：但是当他们把我推进急诊室的时候，我看到了医生们脸上的表情，我真的吓坏了。A.frced强迫；B.fllwed跟随；C.wheeled用车推；D.recmmended推荐。根据“int the emergency rm”可知，此处是指用病床推病人进急诊室。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：但是当他们把我推进急诊室时候，我看到了医生们脸上的表情，我真的吓坏了。A.bred无聊的；B.frightened害怕的；C.cnfused困惑的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据“He’s a dead man.”（他是个死人）可知，当看到了医生们脸上的表情，“我”真的吓坏了。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我只是想激发他们的信心。A.express表达；B.share分享；C.gain获得；D.inspire激发。根据“Operate n me as if I’m alive, nt dead.”（把我当活人而不是死人来做手术。）可知，此处是指激发他们的信心。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：最后，杰瑞活了下来，这要感谢他的医生的医术，但也因为他惊人的求生欲望。A.talent天赋；B.achievement成就；C.desire欲望；D.evidence证据。根据“Operate n me as if I’m alive, nt dead.”（把我当活人而不是死人来做手术。）可知，此处是指他的求生欲望。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：毕竟，你的态度决定一切。A.attitude态度；B.standard标准；C.ability能力；D.cntrl控制。根据“I learn frm him that every day we have the chice t live fully. ”（我从他那里学到了每一天我们都可以选择活得充实。）可知，选择很重要，态度很重要。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A Lndn Marathn runner saw a cmpetitr wh needed help. The cmpetitr had fallen t the grund, s he ____11____ (pick) him up. When he fell dwn again, he decided t supprt him t the finish line 200 metres away. Matthew, the runner wh ____12____ (selfless) helped his cmpetitr, became famus n the Internet. The tw runners became friends and ____13____ (meet) at next year's Lndn Marathn, hpefully.
【答案】11. picked
12. selflessly
13. will meet
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是马拉松选手马修在比赛中帮助竞争对手，并和对手成为了好朋友。
【11题详解】
考查时态。句意：竞争者摔倒在地上，所以他把他扶了起来。通篇时态一般过去时，空格处用过去式picked，故填picked。
【12题详解】
考查副词。句意：马修，那个无私地帮助他的竞争对手的赛跑者，在互联网上出名了。空格处用副词修饰动词helped，selfless的副词是selflessly，意为“无私地”，故填selflessly。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：这两位选手成为了朋友，并有望在明年的伦敦马拉松比赛上相遇。由next year's可知，句子用一般将来时，因此空格处是will meet，故填will meet。
B
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Depp is a shpping app which yung peple use t buy and sell ____14____ (use) clthes. Mre than 30 millin peple frm 150 cuntries use the app, and sme experts believe that Depp will have a big impact n glbal clthes cmpanies. One f the peple ____15____ sell clthes n Depp is 20-year-ld Mira Camps. She has abut 40, 000 fllwers and ____16____ (sell) clthes nline is her jb. Mira and her brther buy ld clthes, take phts f them, and then sell them. Yung peple like sustainable shpping ____17____ it is better fr the planet.
【答案】14. used
15. wh##that
16. selling
17. because
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了小程序Depp深受年轻人喜欢，他们可以在上面买卖旧衣服。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Depp是一个年轻人用来买卖旧衣服的购物应用程序。分析句子可知，提示词在句中作定语，修饰名词clthes，应使用其形容词形式used，表示“用过的，旧的”。故填used。
【15题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：20岁的Mira Camps是在Depp上卖衣服的人之一。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词peple，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词wh或that引导该定语从句。故填wh/that。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她有大约4万名粉丝，在网上卖衣服是她的工作。分析句子可知，“(sell) clthes nline”是句子主语，应用动名词selling作主语。故填selling。
【17题详解】
考查连词。句意：年轻人喜欢可持续购物，因为这对地球更好。根据句意可知，“it is better fr the planet”是“Yung peple like sustainable shpping”是原因，所以用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Discvering yurself plays an imprtant rle in inspiring yur cnfidence. By ding s, yu culd knw ___18___ yu are weak in. And yu may als realize yu’re quite a great persn ___19___ great strengths. S when yu’re in a hard situatin, yu will believe in yurself and spend the mst difficult time with cnfidence. Otherwise, yu may give up and then lse everything. Therefre, the ability ___20___ (trust) yurself will decide yur future a lt.
【答案】18. what
19. with 20. t trust
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍发现自我可以激发自信心，让我们能充满自信地度过艰难时刻。
【18题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：通过这样做，你可以知道你弱点是什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：你可能也会意识到你是一个非常优秀的人，有很多优点。表示“具有”应用介词with。故填with。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，相信自己的能力将在很大程度上决定你的未来。修饰名词ability需用动词不定式t trust，作后置定语。故填t trust。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Occasins like anniversaries weddings and reunins call fr special event venues （场地）.The fllwing places may have a way ut. There's n need t spend mney creating atmsphere at special event venues. It's built right in!
Hard Rck Cafe Anchrage
415 E. STREET, ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99501
Events, like great music are brn f inspiratin. Featuring a 13,600-square-ft facility that will seat 275 guests with private event space, we pride urselves n delivering an exceptinal experience with a rck and rll twist fr each f ur guests.
Business Exp Center
1960 S. ANAHEIM WAY, ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA 92805
The Business Exp Center is Orange Cunty's premier event venue in Anaheim, Califrnia. Our flexible 36,000-square-ft exp center is hme t space fr cnferences, trade shws and celebratins. We pride urselves n prviding a memrable experience with excellent flexibility, services, and cst savings. We wn't charge custmers fr n-site parking and prvide high-speed Wi-Fi.
Autmbile Driving Museum
610 LAIRPORT STREET, EL SEGUNDO, CALIFORNIA 90245
Centrally lcated in the Suth Bay beach cmmunity f El Segund, Califrnia, the ADM ffers a wnderful venue fr private parties and crprate events. Cnveniently lcated 5 minutes suth f LAX, right ff the 405 and 105 Freeways, the 610 Lairprt space has a vintage feel surrunded by ur primary autmbile cllectin. We ffer several different venues inside and utside ur facility fr diverse events. T better ur service, reservatins are needed.
Yamashir Hllywd
1999 N. SYCAMORE AVE., LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90068
Yamashir Hllywd is a restaurant and therefre, all fd and beverages must be handled in huse. Hwever, guests are allwed t bring in utside wine and champagne fr a crkage fee.
21. What can yu d in Business Exp Center?
A. Enjy free parking.
B. Bring in utside wine.
C. Experience a rck and rll twist.
D. See sme autmbile cllectins.
22. Which venue d yu need t bk in advance?
A. Business Exp Center.
B. Yamashir Hllywd.
C. Hard Rck Cafe Anchrage.
D. Autmbile Driving Museum.
23. What d the fur venues have in cmmn?
A. They ffer ptinal places.
B. They are pen t special events.
C. They are lcated in the same state.
D. They enjy cnvenient transprtatin.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个适合举办周年纪念日、婚礼和团聚等活动的场所。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Business Exp Center部分中的“We wn't charge custmers fr n-site parking and prvide high-speed Wi-Fi.”可知，我们不会向客户收取现场停车费，并且会提供高速Wi-Fi，由此可知，在商务会展中心你可以享受免费停车，故A项正确。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Autmbile Driving Museum部分中的“T better ur service, reservatins are needed.”可知，为了让您获得更好的服务，需要预订，由此可知，汽车驾驶博物馆需要提前预订，故D项正确。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Occasins like anniversaries, weddings and reunins call fr special event venues. The fllwing places may have a way ut.”可知，像周年纪念日、婚礼和聚会这样的场合需要特殊的活动场所，以下地方就是这样的场所，由此可知，这四个场馆的共同之处是它们都对对特殊活动开放，故B项正确。
B
The Great Bk Swap
Hi, sixth graders! My name is Tny Hill. I am president f the Windsr High Schl Student Cuncil. Yur teacher let me cme t yur class tday t tell yu abut a reading prject that we want t d, and we need yur help.
If yu’re like me, yu lve t read but smetimes have a hard time finding bks yu want t read. It seems as if the best bks at the library are always checked ut. T help get mre bks int peple’s hands, we’re planning the Great Cmmunity (社区) Bk Swap.
T make the prject a success, we need everyne’s help. Ask yur parents if there are any unused bks taking up space. Ask yur friends and neighburs t dnate unwanted bks. Maybe yu have bks yu liked when yu were yunger but dn’t read anymre. Bring them t schl and make a yung reader happy. We need all kinds f bks fr all kinds f readers!
There are many times I’d like t g buy new bks, but I dn’t have a lt f mney t spend n them. Wuldn’t it be great t swap bks right here in ur cmmunity? Vlunteers will rganize the dnated bks. Then the bks will be displayed at the cmmunity center. Everyne will be able t read and hpefully find the perfect bk. Students will be allwed t chse up t tw bks during each day f the swap. Our plan is t have the bk swap the first Saturday f every mnth.
If yu like reading, just cme and lk thrugh the cllectin f bks. Each grade will have its wn week t bring in bks. Right nw, eighth grade is bringing in bks. When every grade has brught in bks, we will have quite a selectin. Yu will prbably find at least ne new bk that yu’d like t read. Wh knws? Maybe yu’ll find a bk s gd that yu wn’t be able t put it dwn.
What are yu waiting fr? G hme and clean ut yur bkshelves and clsets!
24. Why did Tny Hill cme t the class f sixth graders?
A. T explain a reading prject.
B. T intrduce a newly-built library.
C. T ask the students t help dnate bks.
D. T give the sixth graders advice n reading.
25. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. Hw the bk swap will wrk.
B. When bks will be brught in.
C. What kinds f bks are needed.
D. Why the bk swap is necessary.
26. What des the underlined sentence in the last paragraph indicate?
A. Mre bks are needed in the future.
B. Vlunteers play an imprtant rle in the prject.
C. Everyne is sure t be able t find the bks he wants.
D. Students have already started helping with the bk swap.
27. Which f the fllwing wrds best describes Tny Hill?
A. Realistic.B. Cnvincing.C. Independent.D. Ambitius.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是托尼·希尔劝说六年级的学生捐赠图书的演讲，帮助实现一个阅读项目。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“My name is Tny Hill. I am president f the Windsr High Schl Student Cuncil. Yur teacher let me cme t yur class tday t tell yu abut a reading prject that we want t d, and we need yur help.(我叫托尼·希尔。我是温莎高中学生会主席。你们的老师让我今天来你们班告诉你们一个我们想做的阅读项目，我们需要你们的帮助。)”可知，托尼·希尔来到六年级的课堂是为了要求学生帮助捐赠书籍。故选C。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Vlunteers will rganize the dnated bks. Then the bks will be displayed at the cmmunity center. Everyne will be able t read and hpefully find the perfect bk. Students will be allwed t chse up t tw bks during each day f the swap. Our plan is t have the bk swap the first Saturday f every mnth.(志愿者将整理捐赠的图书。然后这些书将在社区中心展出。每个人都将能够阅读，并希望找到完美的书。学生将被允许在每天的交换中选择最多两本书。我们的计划是在每个月的第一个星期六进行图书交换。)”可知，第四段主要介绍了图书交换是如何进行的。故选A。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“If yu like reading, just cme and lk thrugh the cllectin f bks. Each grade will have its wn week t bring in bks.(如果你喜欢读书，就来看看我们的藏书吧。每个年级都有自己的一周来带书。)”可知，划线句子表明学生们已经开始帮助交换图书了。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What are yu waiting fr? G hme and clean ut yur bkshelves and clsets!(你还在等什么？回家把你的书架和壁橱清理干净！)”可知，Tny Hill来劝同学们捐赠书籍，因此他是一个又说服力的人。故选B。
C
NASA’s spacecraft Dart hit an asterid (小行星) 11.3 millin kilmeters away at a speed, changing the asterid’s rbit and lwered its cycle perid by 15 minutes, the space rganizatin annunced n Mnday.
Sme said the mve shws the wrld might nw be able t prevent asterids—the kind that made the dinsaurs extinct—frm hitting the Earth. The asterid that was cntrlled belnged t a duble-asterid system. It had a 160-meter diameter while the ther asterid’s diameter is ver 500 meters. The bigger asterid can be cmpared t the ne that ended the dinsaur era 67 millin years ag. A hit frm an asterid that size can cause unimaginable destructin.
Hwever, it is t early t assert that the wrld has gained the ability t prevent asterids frm hitting us. The asterid that was cntrlled was nly 160 meters in size. Its cycle perid was changed, withut changing its rbit significantly. It is still nt clear if the rbit f a much larger asterid headed tward the Earth can be changed successfully.
In brief, NASA’s success in changing the curse f a harmful asterid is definitely praisewrthy, but much mre needs t be dne befre we can say the wrld’s security frm sme unpredictable asterid is guaranteed.
It shuld be nted that changing the rbit f an asterid invlves mre than just sending an bject int space and cmmanding it t hit the asterid. While it is hard enugh t hit an asterid, it is even mre difficult t lck nt ne in the first place. It means having the ability t bserve appraching asterids, measuring their respective speeds, and deciding which nes might pse a danger t the Earth.
Therefre, there’s mre t Dart hitting the asterid than meets the eye. And these are key areas where glbal scientists need t wrk harder in the future.
28. What was the latest news abut NASA?
A. Its new prgram failed.
B. Its manned spaceship hit an asterid.
C. Its spacecraft changed an asterid’s rbit.
D. Its spacecraft saved the earth frm being destryed.
29. What can we learn abut the asterid that was hit?
A. It was cmparatively small in size.
B. Its rbit was changed significantly.
C. It travelled at a higher speed than befre.
D. It was pwerful enugh t end dinsaur era.
30. What is the authr’s attitude tward using spacecrafts t change the asterids rbits?
A. Neutral.B. Optimistic.C. Pessimistic.D. Nt mentined.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国航天局的宇宙飞船击中了小行星，并改变了其运动轨道。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“NASA’s spacecraft Dart hit an asterid (小行星) 11.3 millin kilmeters away at a speed, changing the asterid’s rbit and lwered its cycle perid by I5 minutes, the space rganizatin annunced n Mnday. (国际空间组于周一宣布，美国航天局宇宙飞船Dart以极快的速度击中了1130公里以外的一颗小行星，改变了它的轨道并且缩短了它的周期)”可知，飞船由于撞击小行星，改变了小行星的运行轨道和周期。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The asterid that was cntrlled was nly 160 meters in size. Its cycle perid was changed, withut changing its rbit significantly. It is still nt clear if the rbit f a much larger asterid headed tward the Earth can be changed successfully.(被控制的小行星只有160米大。它的周期改变了，但轨道没有明显改变。目前还不清楚一颗更大的小行星朝向地球的轨道能否成功改变)”可推知，相对来说，这颗小行星比较小。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In brief, NASA’s success in changing the curse f a harmful asterid is definitely praisewrthy, but much mre needs t be dne befre we can say the wrld’s security frm sme unpredictable asterid is guaranteed.(简而言之，NASA成功地改变了一颗有害小行星的运行轨迹，这无疑是值得称赞的，但我们还需要做更多的工作，才能保证世界免受一些不可预测的小行星的威胁)”可推知，作者对于太空飞船改变小行星轨道是赞赏的态度。故选B。
D
Dn’t put it ff, d it nw!
Why d we spend s much time nt ding the wrk we shuld d, r putting ff small jbs that have piled up t create a big prblem? Prcrastinating, as putting things ff like this is called, is in ur character we have naturally since birth; we avid dull r difficult jbs until it’s t late t d anything else.
“We ften put things ff althugh we knw it will make life mre stressful,” says Dr. Steel, an authrity n the science f mtivatin. “If these tasks were fun, we’d just d them nw. We put ff what is difficult r unpleasant, such as the paperwrk that needs ding befre leaving the ffice r cleaning the bits f yur hme that peple can’t see. But the fact is, the less peple prcrastinate, the mre mney they have, the better relatinships they have, and the healthier they are.” This is bvius when yu lk at the cuples wh dn’t argue abut whether anyne has cleaned the kitchen, and the peple wh simply g fr a run instead f endlessly rescheduling it in their heads.
Of curse, there are the rest f us, wh feel the small jbs piling up arund us daily. “We’ve evlved t respnd t the mment, and nt t set ur sights t far in an uncertain wrld,” Dr. Steel adds. “We are nt set up t appreciate lng-term rewards, whether it’s the benefit f a fur-year degree, ding exercise r dieting. We usually feel the cst nw and the reward cmes much later.” Accrding t Dr. Steel, we have tw decisin-making systems. They are the limbic, which is respnsible fr the shrt term, and the prefrntal crtex, which deals with the future. We bunce between lng-term gals and shrt-term temptatins, s we need gals that will translate ur plans fr the limbic system.
Let’s take the example f students’ writing essays. They shuld set themselves targets and wrd cunts per day. These are thus turned frm seemingly endless tasks int smething cncrete with measured prgress. Dr. Steel recmmends such techniques, r “pre-cmmitments”, adding that leaving yu a mnth befre the “deadline” makes it mre likely a task will be cmpleted. The benefit is that yu’ll avid the embarrassment f nt fllwing up n smething peple are expecting yu t d—telling everyne yu are ging t take up jgging makes yu mre likely t d s.
Overcming prcrastinatin finally cmes dwn t planning, which, if yu’re nt careful, becmes prcrastinatin in itself. But it is wrth making sure yu have everything in place. “Successful peple dn’t pretend they dn’t prcrastinate,” Dr. Steel says. “Peple wh pretend they have willpwer are less successful.” Instead, plan fr prcrastinatin: make yur wrk envirnment a temple f prductivity by cutting ut what stps yu paying yur attentin, s yu can really fcus n mving frward.
31. What des the authr say abut prcrastinatin in Paragraph 1?
A. It is smething many peple can’t help.
B. It is an excuse peple ften use in public.
C. It is caused by the technlgy in peple’s life.
D. It is mre cmmn when peple have small jbs t d.
32. In paragraph 3, Dr. Steel believes that peple wh prcrastinate shuld ______.
A. attempt t vercme their natural tendencies
B. take the advice f thers in the same situatin
C. be aware that their prblem is relatively small
D. find ut mre abut the way they make decisins
33. Why des Dr. Steel recmmend making “pre-cmmitments” in Paragraph 4?
A. They are an alternative t impssible gals.
B. They make challenges feel mre manageable.
C. They are an effective way f impressing thers.
D. They allw peple t achieve their aims sner.
34. What des the authr d by saying the underlined sentence?
A. Encurage the reader t develp plans effectively.
B. Advise the reader t deal with cmplex tasks quickly.
C. Warn the reader against spending t lng getting rganized.
D. Remind the reader t take the time t fcus prperly n a task.
【答案】31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于议论文，主要介绍拖延症的影响以及处理拖延症需要注意的事项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Prcrastinating, as putting things ff like this is called, is in ur character we have naturally since birth; we avid dull r difficult jbs until it’s t late t d anything else.可知，拖延症是我们出生就在我们的性格里面的东西，我们逃避一些枯燥或者困难的事情直到太晚而什么都做不了，故可知，拖延症是很多人无法摆脱的，因为天生就有，故选A.
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“We’ve evlved t respnd t the mment, and nt t set ur sights t far in an uncertain wrld,” Dr. Steel adds.可知，我们进化为对当下的东西做出反应，而对未来的没有前瞻性，故可知，要克服拖延症，还必须要克服天性，故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段These are thus turned frm seemingly endless tasks int smething cncrete with measured prgress. Dr. Steel recmmends such techniques, r “pre-cmmitments”, adding that leaving yu a mnth befre the “deadline” makes it mre likely a task will be cmpleted.可知，pre-cmmitments就是把一些似乎无尽的任务转换成一些可以量化进步的具体事务，在截止日期前给自己一个月的时间让任务完成得可能性更高，故可知，pre-cmmitments会让自己的要做的事情更可控，故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。本句意思为，最终解决拖延症落实到了计划，但是如果不小心，计划本身就会成为拖延症的一种表现，故可知，要计划，计划之后要立即落实，故作者说这句话的意义在于警告计划不能太拖延，故选C。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s a jyful and stressful time f year in the United States fr students and their families as they make decisins abut where t attend cllege. Families ften turn t rankings systems t help make a decisin. ____35____
When I talk t families as a schlar f higher educatin, they’re ften surprised that teaching excellence is nt cunted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence f teaching excellence frm the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is ne f the mst imprtant predictrs f a wide range f cllege utcmes.
Rankings, hwever, are nly ne reasn why a lw value is placed n teaching in higher educatin. Administratrs ften dn’t view teaching excellence as a way t increase enrlment (注册) r funding. ____38____ Research shws that the mre time instructrs spend n teaching, the lwer their salary. What is the result? Many instructrs cntinue t teach using traditinal lectures, which lead t lwer success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, nt much will change until schls with high-quality teaching are rewarded with mre resurces, higher rankings and increased enrlments. In the lng term, universities, rganisatins that rank schls, and thers shuld wrk t make teaching a valued, cre part f the missin.
What shuld students and their families d? They shuld give strng cnsideratin t universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even thugh the schls may be ranked lwer.
A. Higher educatin has achieved its true ptential.
B. Therefre, it’s nt highly valued in hiring r prmtin.
C. Quality teaching has been an imprtant reputatin-building factr.
D. Hwever, the rankings ignre a critical factr: the quality f teaching.
E. Effrts t imprve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even mre surprised at hw teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities ften shift emphasis frm teaching t ther ranking factrs.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。
【35题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s a jyful and stressful time f year in the United States fr students and their families as they make decisins abut where t attend cllege. Families ften turn t rankings systems t help make a decisin.(对于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻，因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。选项D“Hwever, the rankings ignre a critical factr: the quality f teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。
【36题详解】
根据空前内容“When I talk t families as a schlar f higher educatin, they’re ften surprised that teaching excellence is nt cunted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They’re even mre surprised at hw teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“mre surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故选F。
【37题详解】
空前内容“Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence f teaching excellence frm the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is ne f the mst imprtant predictrs f a wide range f cllege utcmes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项G“In fact, universities ften shift emphasis frm teaching t ther ranking factrs.(事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。
【38题详解】
根据空前内容“Rankings, hwever, are nly ne reasn why a lw value is placed n teaching in higher educatin. Administratrs ften dn’t view teaching excellence as a way t increase enrlment (注册) r funding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项B“Therefre, it’s nt highly valued in hiring r prmtin.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据下文内容“Nevertheless, nt much will change until schls with high-quality teaching are rewarded with mre resurces, higher rankings and increased enrlments. In the lng term, universities, rganisatins that rank schls, and thers shuld wrk t make teaching a valued, cre part f the missin.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，此处算是站在大学的角度，提出如何把教学当成他们的首要核心任务。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项E“Effrts t imprve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.(在最近，努力改进教学水平的现象已经出现了。)”与下文形成转折，旨在说明，促使教学成为核心任务的艰巨性和重要性。故选E。
【点睛】
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节(共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分, 第 42 题 3 分, 第 43 题 5 分, 共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Finding and keeping friends is a skill that can take sme time t develp.
Frm arund the age f fur, children develp an understanding that ther peple may have thughts, interests and feelings that are different t theirs. This emerging capacity, knwn as Thery f Mind, helps children make friends, says Eileen Kennedy-Mre, a clinical psychlgist. “They becme better at imagining smene else’s perspective and this stimulates mre intimate (亲密的) friendships.”
Children ften have a practical view f friendship, frming clse bnds with peers in the playgrund r classrm, says Kennedy-Mre. “It is a ‘lve the ne yu’re with’ apprach.”
“The thing that kids have as an advantage ver adults is that they are in the rm with 25 thers in their stage f life,” she says. “In adulthd it takes thughtful effrt t find and develp friendships.” Accrding t ne study, adults must spend arund 50 hurs tgether t g frm mere acquaintance (相识的人) t a casual friend, 90 hurs tgether befre they cnsider each ther as friends, and mre than 200 hurs t becme clse friends wh share an emtinal cnnectin.
Psychlgists say best friendships can help children prepare fr clse relatinships, including rmantic nes, as they grw up.
“Best friendship is really like falling in lve, “says Kennedy-Mre.
“Clse friendships in childhd help kids practice the skills they need in intimate relatinships thrughut their lives. They learn abut ther peple, and abut themselves, t deal with feelings like envy, lneliness, and sadness.”
“If children dn’t talk abut friends at hme, it desn’t mean they dn’t have any,” she says, adding that this may because they prefer a quieter style f interacting with thers.
Parents can help their children in develping friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl. “The frmula is: watch then get invlved.” says Kennedy-Mre. “Parents shuld teach their children t watch what ther children are ding, then encurage them t slide int the actin withut interrupting.”
40. What capacity d children develp frm abut the age f fur accrding t Kennedy-Mre?
41. What is the disadvantage fr adults t develp friendships cmpared with children?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Parents can supprt their children in frming friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl and crrecting them frm time t time.
43. List sme ther ways yu usually use t develp r maintain yur friendship.(In abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40. Children develp an understanding that ther peple may have thughts, interests and feelings that are different t theirs.
41. It takes thughtful effrt mre time t find and develp friendships.
42. Parents can supprt their children in frming friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl and crrecting them frm time t time.
Accrding t the passage, parents shuld encurage their children t watch and slide int the actin withut interrupting instead f crrecting them frm time t time.
43. I will directly tell my friends that I want t talk with them and spend time with them. Besides, when they are talking, I will listen t them carefully. Mst imprtantly, I will let them knw that I am trustwrthy and that we can becme clser friends.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了发展和维持友谊是一项需要时间培养的技能，童年时期的亲密友谊有助于孩子的成长，家长可以采取方式帮助孩子建立友谊。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Frm arund the age f fur, children develp an understanding that ther peple may have thughts, interests and feelings that are different t theirs. This emerging capacity, knwn as Thery f Mind, helps children make friends, says Eileen Kennedy-Mre, a clinical psychlgist.(从四岁左右开始，孩子们就开始理解其他人可能有不同于他们的想法、兴趣和感受。临床心理学家艾琳·肯尼迪·摩尔说，这种被称为心理理论的新兴能力有助于儿童交朋友)”可知，从四岁左右开始，孩子们就开始理解其他人可能有不同于他们的想法、兴趣和感受，故答案为Children develp an understanding that ther peple may have thughts, interests and feelings that are different t theirs.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段““In adulthd it takes thughtful effrt t find and develp friendships.” Accrding t ne study, adults must spend arund 50 hurs tgether t g frm mere acquaintance t a casual friend, 90 hurs tgether befre they cnsider each ther as friends, and mre than 200 hurs t becme clse friends wh share an emtinal cnnectin.(“成年后，寻找和发展友谊需要深思熟虑的努力。”根据一项研究，成年人必须在一起50个小时左右，才能从单纯的熟人变成普通朋友；在一起90个小时后，才能把彼此视为朋友；在一起200个小时以上，才能成为拥有共同情感的亲密朋友)”可知，与儿童相比，成年人发展友谊的劣势是成年人寻找和发展友谊需要深思熟虑的努力，故答案为It takes thughtful effrt mre time t find and develp friendships.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Parents can help their children in develping friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl. “The frmula is: watch then get invlved.” says Kennedy-Mre. “Parents shuld teach their children t watch what ther children are ding, then encurage them t slide int the actin withut interrupting.”(家长可以在校外组织有趣的聚会，帮助孩子建立友谊。“方法是：观察然后参与。”肯尼迪·摩尔说。“家长应该教孩子观察其他孩子在做什么，然后鼓励他们在不打断的情况下投入到行动中。”)”可知，父母应该鼓励他们的孩子观看并在不打断的情况下进入动作，而不是时不时地纠正他们，故答案为Parents can supprt their children in frming friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl and crrecting them frm time t time.
Accrding t the passage, parents shuld encurage their children t watch and slide int the actin withut interrupting instead f crrecting them frm time t time.
【43题详解】
开放性题目。我会采取这样的方式来发展或维持友谊：我会直接告诉我的朋友，我想和他们谈谈，花时间和他们在一起。此外，当他们说话时，我会仔细听他们说话。最重要的是，我会让他们知道我是值得信赖的，我们可以成为更亲密的朋友。故答案为I will directly tell my friends that I want t talk with them and spend time with them. Besides, when they are talking, I will listen t them carefully. Mst imprtantly, I will let them knw that I am trustwrthy and that we can becme clser friends.
第二节 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校组织了主题为“爱阅读，爱思考”的系列读书活动。请你用英文给英国笔友Jim 写一封邮件，向他介绍该活动。内容包括：
1. 活动目的及形式;
2. 个人收获及后续计划。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw are yu ding? I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
The purpse f this activity is t encurage students t develp the habit f reading and t enhance ur critical thinking abilities. The activities include bk sharing sessins, reading cntests, bk reviews, and discussins n varius tpics related t literature.
Persnally, I find this activity very meaningful and inspiring. I have fund that it has bradened my hrizns, enriched my knwledge and stimulated my interest in reading. After the activity, I plan t cntinue t read widely and t share my insights with my classmates.
I wuld lve t hear yur thughts n this. Lking frward t yur reply.
Best regards,
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim介绍学校组织的主题为“爱阅读，爱思考”的系列读书活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→event
鼓励：encurage→inspire
提高：enhance→imprve
各种各样的：varius→a variety f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
拓展句：I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” which was rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.(运用了过去分词作后置定语）
【高分句型2】I have fund that it has bradened my hrizns, enriched my knwledge and stimulated my interest in reading.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
共100分，考试时长90分钟
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Take an Optin
Jerry was a natural mtivatr. He was always in a gd md and always had smething ____1____ t say, which really made me curius. One day I went up t ask him hw he did that. “Well, life is all abut ____2____. It’s yur ptin hw yu live yur life,” Jerry replied.
Sn I mved t anther city. Several mnths later, I heard that Jerry was seriusly injured in the chest while skiing. ____3____, he was fund quickly and rushed t the hspital. After 8 hurs f surgery and weeks f intensive care, he was ____4____ frm the hspital.
Later, when we met again, I asked Jerry what had ____5____ his mind during the accident. “As I lay in the snw, I knew I had tw ptins: One was t live, the ther was t die. I chse t live,” Jerry said. “The paramedics (急救人员) were great. They kept telling me I was ging t be fine. But when they ____6____ me int the emergency rm and I saw the expressins n the faces f the dctrs, I gt really ____7____. In their eyes, I read, ‘He’s a dead man.’ I knew I needed t take actin. I tld them, ‘Operate n me as if I’m alive, nt dead.’ Yu see, I just tried t ____8____ their cnfidence.” Finally Jerry lived thanks t the skill f his dctrs, but als because f his amazing ____9____ t live.
Jerry has taught me a lt. I learn frm him that every day we have the chice t live fully. Yur ____10____, after all, is everything.
1. A. regularB. familiarC. psitiveD. typical
2. A. chicesB. trendsC. relatinsD. secrets
3. A. NrmallyB. ObviuslyC. HpefullyD. Luckily
4. A. preservedB. releasedC. distinguishedD. abandned
5. A. gne thrughB. put upC. turned inD. called fr
6. A. frcedB. fllwedC. wheeledD. recmmended
7 A. bredB. frightenedC. cnfusedD. embarrassed
8. A. expressB. shareC. gainD. inspire
9. A. talentB. achievementC. desireD. evidence
10. A. attitudeB. standardC. abilityD. cntrl
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。“我”的朋友杰瑞总是很积极乐观，在一次事故中，杰瑞凭借强烈的求生欲望活了下来并且恢复了健康。“我”从杰瑞身上学到一个道理：选择和态度决定一切。
【1题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：他总是心情很好，总是说一些积极的话，这真的让我很好奇。A.regular规律的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.psitive积极的；D.typical典型的。根据“He was always in a gd md”可知，此处是指总是说一些积极的话。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：生活就是选择。A.chices选择；B.trends趋势；C.relatins关系；D.secrets秘密。根据“It’s yur ptin hw yu live yur life”（如何生活是你自己的选择）可知，此处是指生活就是选择。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：幸运的是，他很快被发现并送往医院。A.Nrmally正常地；B.Obviusly明显地；C.Hpefully有希望地；D.Luckily幸运地。根据“he was fund quickly and rushed t the hspital”可知，这件事很幸运。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：经过8个小时的手术和数周的精心护理，他出院了。A.preserved保存；B.released释放；C.distinguished区分；D.abandned抛弃。根据“After 8 hurs f surgery and weeks f intensive care”可知，此处是指他出院了。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，当我们再次见面时，我问杰瑞在事故中他是怎么想的。A.gne thrugh通过；B.put up张贴；C.turned in交上；D.called fr要求。根据“As I lay in the snw, I knew I had tw ptins: One was t live, the ther was t die.”（当我躺在雪地上时，我知道我有两种选择：一种是活下去，另一种是死。）可知，此处是指 “我”问杰瑞在事故中他是怎么想的。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：但是当他们把我推进急诊室的时候，我看到了医生们脸上的表情，我真的吓坏了。A.frced强迫；B.fllwed跟随；C.wheeled用车推；D.recmmended推荐。根据“int the emergency rm”可知，此处是指用病床推病人进急诊室。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：但是当他们把我推进急诊室时候，我看到了医生们脸上的表情，我真的吓坏了。A.bred无聊的；B.frightened害怕的；C.cnfused困惑的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据“He’s a dead man.”（他是个死人）可知，当看到了医生们脸上的表情，“我”真的吓坏了。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我只是想激发他们的信心。A.express表达；B.share分享；C.gain获得；D.inspire激发。根据“Operate n me as if I’m alive, nt dead.”（把我当活人而不是死人来做手术。）可知，此处是指激发他们的信心。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：最后，杰瑞活了下来，这要感谢他的医生的医术，但也因为他惊人的求生欲望。A.talent天赋；B.achievement成就；C.desire欲望；D.evidence证据。根据“Operate n me as if I’m alive, nt dead.”（把我当活人而不是死人来做手术。）可知，此处是指他的求生欲望。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：毕竟，你的态度决定一切。A.attitude态度；B.standard标准；C.ability能力；D.cntrl控制。根据“I learn frm him that every day we have the chice t live fully. ”（我从他那里学到了每一天我们都可以选择活得充实。）可知，选择很重要，态度很重要。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A Lndn Marathn runner saw a cmpetitr wh needed help. The cmpetitr had fallen t the grund, s he ____11____ (pick) him up. When he fell dwn again, he decided t supprt him t the finish line 200 metres away. Matthew, the runner wh ____12____ (selfless) helped his cmpetitr, became famus n the Internet. The tw runners became friends and ____13____ (meet) at next year's Lndn Marathn, hpefully.
【答案】11. picked
12. selflessly
13. will meet
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是马拉松选手马修在比赛中帮助竞争对手，并和对手成为了好朋友。
【11题详解】
考查时态。句意：竞争者摔倒在地上，所以他把他扶了起来。通篇时态一般过去时，空格处用过去式picked，故填picked。
【12题详解】
考查副词。句意：马修，那个无私地帮助他的竞争对手的赛跑者，在互联网上出名了。空格处用副词修饰动词helped，selfless的副词是selflessly，意为“无私地”，故填selflessly。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：这两位选手成为了朋友，并有望在明年的伦敦马拉松比赛上相遇。由next year's可知，句子用一般将来时，因此空格处是will meet，故填will meet。
B
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Depp is a shpping app which yung peple use t buy and sell ____14____ (use) clthes. Mre than 30 millin peple frm 150 cuntries use the app, and sme experts believe that Depp will have a big impact n glbal clthes cmpanies. One f the peple ____15____ sell clthes n Depp is 20-year-ld Mira Camps. She has abut 40, 000 fllwers and ____16____ (sell) clthes nline is her jb. Mira and her brther buy ld clthes, take phts f them, and then sell them. Yung peple like sustainable shpping ____17____ it is better fr the planet.
【答案】14. used
15. wh##that
16. selling
17. because
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了小程序Depp深受年轻人喜欢，他们可以在上面买卖旧衣服。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Depp是一个年轻人用来买卖旧衣服的购物应用程序。分析句子可知，提示词在句中作定语，修饰名词clthes，应使用其形容词形式used，表示“用过的，旧的”。故填used。
【15题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：20岁的Mira Camps是在Depp上卖衣服的人之一。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词peple，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词wh或that引导该定语从句。故填wh/that。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她有大约4万名粉丝，在网上卖衣服是她的工作。分析句子可知，“(sell) clthes nline”是句子主语，应用动名词selling作主语。故填selling。
【17题详解】
考查连词。句意：年轻人喜欢可持续购物，因为这对地球更好。根据句意可知，“it is better fr the planet”是“Yung peple like sustainable shpping”是原因，所以用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Discvering yurself plays an imprtant rle in inspiring yur cnfidence. By ding s, yu culd knw ___18___ yu are weak in. And yu may als realize yu’re quite a great persn ___19___ great strengths. S when yu’re in a hard situatin, yu will believe in yurself and spend the mst difficult time with cnfidence. Otherwise, yu may give up and then lse everything. Therefre, the ability ___20___ (trust) yurself will decide yur future a lt.
【答案】18. what
19. with 20. t trust
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍发现自我可以激发自信心，让我们能充满自信地度过艰难时刻。
【18题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：通过这样做，你可以知道你弱点是什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：你可能也会意识到你是一个非常优秀的人，有很多优点。表示“具有”应用介词with。故填with。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，相信自己的能力将在很大程度上决定你的未来。修饰名词ability需用动词不定式t trust，作后置定语。故填t trust。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Occasins like anniversaries weddings and reunins call fr special event venues （场地）.The fllwing places may have a way ut. There's n need t spend mney creating atmsphere at special event venues. It's built right in!
Hard Rck Cafe Anchrage
415 E. STREET, ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99501
Events, like great music are brn f inspiratin. Featuring a 13,600-square-ft facility that will seat 275 guests with private event space, we pride urselves n delivering an exceptinal experience with a rck and rll twist fr each f ur guests.
Business Exp Center
1960 S. ANAHEIM WAY, ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA 92805
The Business Exp Center is Orange Cunty's premier event venue in Anaheim, Califrnia. Our flexible 36,000-square-ft exp center is hme t space fr cnferences, trade shws and celebratins. We pride urselves n prviding a memrable experience with excellent flexibility, services, and cst savings. We wn't charge custmers fr n-site parking and prvide high-speed Wi-Fi.
Autmbile Driving Museum
610 LAIRPORT STREET, EL SEGUNDO, CALIFORNIA 90245
Centrally lcated in the Suth Bay beach cmmunity f El Segund, Califrnia, the ADM ffers a wnderful venue fr private parties and crprate events. Cnveniently lcated 5 minutes suth f LAX, right ff the 405 and 105 Freeways, the 610 Lairprt space has a vintage feel surrunded by ur primary autmbile cllectin. We ffer several different venues inside and utside ur facility fr diverse events. T better ur service, reservatins are needed.
Yamashir Hllywd
1999 N. SYCAMORE AVE., LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90068
Yamashir Hllywd is a restaurant and therefre, all fd and beverages must be handled in huse. Hwever, guests are allwed t bring in utside wine and champagne fr a crkage fee.
21. What can yu d in Business Exp Center?
A. Enjy free parking.
B. Bring in utside wine.
C. Experience a rck and rll twist.
D. See sme autmbile cllectins.
22. Which venue d yu need t bk in advance?
A. Business Exp Center.
B. Yamashir Hllywd.
C. Hard Rck Cafe Anchrage.
D. Autmbile Driving Museum.
23. What d the fur venues have in cmmn?
A. They ffer ptinal places.
B. They are pen t special events.
C. They are lcated in the same state.
D. They enjy cnvenient transprtatin.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个适合举办周年纪念日、婚礼和团聚等活动的场所。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Business Exp Center部分中的“We wn't charge custmers fr n-site parking and prvide high-speed Wi-Fi.”可知，我们不会向客户收取现场停车费，并且会提供高速Wi-Fi，由此可知，在商务会展中心你可以享受免费停车，故A项正确。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Autmbile Driving Museum部分中的“T better ur service, reservatins are needed.”可知，为了让您获得更好的服务，需要预订，由此可知，汽车驾驶博物馆需要提前预订，故D项正确。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Occasins like anniversaries, weddings and reunins call fr special event venues. The fllwing places may have a way ut.”可知，像周年纪念日、婚礼和聚会这样的场合需要特殊的活动场所，以下地方就是这样的场所，由此可知，这四个场馆的共同之处是它们都对对特殊活动开放，故B项正确。
B
The Great Bk Swap
Hi, sixth graders! My name is Tny Hill. I am president f the Windsr High Schl Student Cuncil. Yur teacher let me cme t yur class tday t tell yu abut a reading prject that we want t d, and we need yur help.
If yu’re like me, yu lve t read but smetimes have a hard time finding bks yu want t read. It seems as if the best bks at the library are always checked ut. T help get mre bks int peple’s hands, we’re planning the Great Cmmunity (社区) Bk Swap.
T make the prject a success, we need everyne’s help. Ask yur parents if there are any unused bks taking up space. Ask yur friends and neighburs t dnate unwanted bks. Maybe yu have bks yu liked when yu were yunger but dn’t read anymre. Bring them t schl and make a yung reader happy. We need all kinds f bks fr all kinds f readers!
There are many times I’d like t g buy new bks, but I dn’t have a lt f mney t spend n them. Wuldn’t it be great t swap bks right here in ur cmmunity? Vlunteers will rganize the dnated bks. Then the bks will be displayed at the cmmunity center. Everyne will be able t read and hpefully find the perfect bk. Students will be allwed t chse up t tw bks during each day f the swap. Our plan is t have the bk swap the first Saturday f every mnth.
If yu like reading, just cme and lk thrugh the cllectin f bks. Each grade will have its wn week t bring in bks. Right nw, eighth grade is bringing in bks. When every grade has brught in bks, we will have quite a selectin. Yu will prbably find at least ne new bk that yu’d like t read. Wh knws? Maybe yu’ll find a bk s gd that yu wn’t be able t put it dwn.
What are yu waiting fr? G hme and clean ut yur bkshelves and clsets!
24. Why did Tny Hill cme t the class f sixth graders?
A. T explain a reading prject.
B. T intrduce a newly-built library.
C. T ask the students t help dnate bks.
D. T give the sixth graders advice n reading.
25. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. Hw the bk swap will wrk.
B. When bks will be brught in.
C. What kinds f bks are needed.
D. Why the bk swap is necessary.
26. What des the underlined sentence in the last paragraph indicate?
A. Mre bks are needed in the future.
B. Vlunteers play an imprtant rle in the prject.
C. Everyne is sure t be able t find the bks he wants.
D. Students have already started helping with the bk swap.
27. Which f the fllwing wrds best describes Tny Hill?
A. Realistic.B. Cnvincing.C. Independent.D. Ambitius.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是托尼·希尔劝说六年级的学生捐赠图书的演讲，帮助实现一个阅读项目。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“My name is Tny Hill. I am president f the Windsr High Schl Student Cuncil. Yur teacher let me cme t yur class tday t tell yu abut a reading prject that we want t d, and we need yur help.(我叫托尼·希尔。我是温莎高中学生会主席。你们的老师让我今天来你们班告诉你们一个我们想做的阅读项目，我们需要你们的帮助。)”可知，托尼·希尔来到六年级的课堂是为了要求学生帮助捐赠书籍。故选C。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Vlunteers will rganize the dnated bks. Then the bks will be displayed at the cmmunity center. Everyne will be able t read and hpefully find the perfect bk. Students will be allwed t chse up t tw bks during each day f the swap. Our plan is t have the bk swap the first Saturday f every mnth.(志愿者将整理捐赠的图书。然后这些书将在社区中心展出。每个人都将能够阅读，并希望找到完美的书。学生将被允许在每天的交换中选择最多两本书。我们的计划是在每个月的第一个星期六进行图书交换。)”可知，第四段主要介绍了图书交换是如何进行的。故选A。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“If yu like reading, just cme and lk thrugh the cllectin f bks. Each grade will have its wn week t bring in bks.(如果你喜欢读书，就来看看我们的藏书吧。每个年级都有自己的一周来带书。)”可知，划线句子表明学生们已经开始帮助交换图书了。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What are yu waiting fr? G hme and clean ut yur bkshelves and clsets!(你还在等什么？回家把你的书架和壁橱清理干净！)”可知，Tny Hill来劝同学们捐赠书籍，因此他是一个又说服力的人。故选B。
C
NASA’s spacecraft Dart hit an asterid (小行星) 11.3 millin kilmeters away at a speed, changing the asterid’s rbit and lwered its cycle perid by 15 minutes, the space rganizatin annunced n Mnday.
Sme said the mve shws the wrld might nw be able t prevent asterids—the kind that made the dinsaurs extinct—frm hitting the Earth. The asterid that was cntrlled belnged t a duble-asterid system. It had a 160-meter diameter while the ther asterid’s diameter is ver 500 meters. The bigger asterid can be cmpared t the ne that ended the dinsaur era 67 millin years ag. A hit frm an asterid that size can cause unimaginable destructin.
Hwever, it is t early t assert that the wrld has gained the ability t prevent asterids frm hitting us. The asterid that was cntrlled was nly 160 meters in size. Its cycle perid was changed, withut changing its rbit significantly. It is still nt clear if the rbit f a much larger asterid headed tward the Earth can be changed successfully.
In brief, NASA’s success in changing the curse f a harmful asterid is definitely praisewrthy, but much mre needs t be dne befre we can say the wrld’s security frm sme unpredictable asterid is guaranteed.
It shuld be nted that changing the rbit f an asterid invlves mre than just sending an bject int space and cmmanding it t hit the asterid. While it is hard enugh t hit an asterid, it is even mre difficult t lck nt ne in the first place. It means having the ability t bserve appraching asterids, measuring their respective speeds, and deciding which nes might pse a danger t the Earth.
Therefre, there’s mre t Dart hitting the asterid than meets the eye. And these are key areas where glbal scientists need t wrk harder in the future.
28. What was the latest news abut NASA?
A. Its new prgram failed.
B. Its manned spaceship hit an asterid.
C. Its spacecraft changed an asterid’s rbit.
D. Its spacecraft saved the earth frm being destryed.
29. What can we learn abut the asterid that was hit?
A. It was cmparatively small in size.
B. Its rbit was changed significantly.
C. It travelled at a higher speed than befre.
D. It was pwerful enugh t end dinsaur era.
30. What is the authr’s attitude tward using spacecrafts t change the asterids rbits?
A. Neutral.B. Optimistic.C. Pessimistic.D. Nt mentined.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国航天局的宇宙飞船击中了小行星，并改变了其运动轨道。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“NASA’s spacecraft Dart hit an asterid (小行星) 11.3 millin kilmeters away at a speed, changing the asterid’s rbit and lwered its cycle perid by I5 minutes, the space rganizatin annunced n Mnday. (国际空间组于周一宣布，美国航天局宇宙飞船Dart以极快的速度击中了1130公里以外的一颗小行星，改变了它的轨道并且缩短了它的周期)”可知，飞船由于撞击小行星，改变了小行星的运行轨道和周期。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The asterid that was cntrlled was nly 160 meters in size. Its cycle perid was changed, withut changing its rbit significantly. It is still nt clear if the rbit f a much larger asterid headed tward the Earth can be changed successfully.(被控制的小行星只有160米大。它的周期改变了，但轨道没有明显改变。目前还不清楚一颗更大的小行星朝向地球的轨道能否成功改变)”可推知，相对来说，这颗小行星比较小。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In brief, NASA’s success in changing the curse f a harmful asterid is definitely praisewrthy, but much mre needs t be dne befre we can say the wrld’s security frm sme unpredictable asterid is guaranteed.(简而言之，NASA成功地改变了一颗有害小行星的运行轨迹，这无疑是值得称赞的，但我们还需要做更多的工作，才能保证世界免受一些不可预测的小行星的威胁)”可推知，作者对于太空飞船改变小行星轨道是赞赏的态度。故选B。
D
Dn’t put it ff, d it nw!
Why d we spend s much time nt ding the wrk we shuld d, r putting ff small jbs that have piled up t create a big prblem? Prcrastinating, as putting things ff like this is called, is in ur character we have naturally since birth; we avid dull r difficult jbs until it’s t late t d anything else.
“We ften put things ff althugh we knw it will make life mre stressful,” says Dr. Steel, an authrity n the science f mtivatin. “If these tasks were fun, we’d just d them nw. We put ff what is difficult r unpleasant, such as the paperwrk that needs ding befre leaving the ffice r cleaning the bits f yur hme that peple can’t see. But the fact is, the less peple prcrastinate, the mre mney they have, the better relatinships they have, and the healthier they are.” This is bvius when yu lk at the cuples wh dn’t argue abut whether anyne has cleaned the kitchen, and the peple wh simply g fr a run instead f endlessly rescheduling it in their heads.
Of curse, there are the rest f us, wh feel the small jbs piling up arund us daily. “We’ve evlved t respnd t the mment, and nt t set ur sights t far in an uncertain wrld,” Dr. Steel adds. “We are nt set up t appreciate lng-term rewards, whether it’s the benefit f a fur-year degree, ding exercise r dieting. We usually feel the cst nw and the reward cmes much later.” Accrding t Dr. Steel, we have tw decisin-making systems. They are the limbic, which is respnsible fr the shrt term, and the prefrntal crtex, which deals with the future. We bunce between lng-term gals and shrt-term temptatins, s we need gals that will translate ur plans fr the limbic system.
Let’s take the example f students’ writing essays. They shuld set themselves targets and wrd cunts per day. These are thus turned frm seemingly endless tasks int smething cncrete with measured prgress. Dr. Steel recmmends such techniques, r “pre-cmmitments”, adding that leaving yu a mnth befre the “deadline” makes it mre likely a task will be cmpleted. The benefit is that yu’ll avid the embarrassment f nt fllwing up n smething peple are expecting yu t d—telling everyne yu are ging t take up jgging makes yu mre likely t d s.
Overcming prcrastinatin finally cmes dwn t planning, which, if yu’re nt careful, becmes prcrastinatin in itself. But it is wrth making sure yu have everything in place. “Successful peple dn’t pretend they dn’t prcrastinate,” Dr. Steel says. “Peple wh pretend they have willpwer are less successful.” Instead, plan fr prcrastinatin: make yur wrk envirnment a temple f prductivity by cutting ut what stps yu paying yur attentin, s yu can really fcus n mving frward.
31. What des the authr say abut prcrastinatin in Paragraph 1?
A. It is smething many peple can’t help.
B. It is an excuse peple ften use in public.
C. It is caused by the technlgy in peple’s life.
D. It is mre cmmn when peple have small jbs t d.
32. In paragraph 3, Dr. Steel believes that peple wh prcrastinate shuld ______.
A. attempt t vercme their natural tendencies
B. take the advice f thers in the same situatin
C. be aware that their prblem is relatively small
D. find ut mre abut the way they make decisins
33. Why des Dr. Steel recmmend making “pre-cmmitments” in Paragraph 4?
A. They are an alternative t impssible gals.
B. They make challenges feel mre manageable.
C. They are an effective way f impressing thers.
D. They allw peple t achieve their aims sner.
34. What des the authr d by saying the underlined sentence?
A. Encurage the reader t develp plans effectively.
B. Advise the reader t deal with cmplex tasks quickly.
C. Warn the reader against spending t lng getting rganized.
D. Remind the reader t take the time t fcus prperly n a task.
【答案】31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于议论文，主要介绍拖延症的影响以及处理拖延症需要注意的事项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Prcrastinating, as putting things ff like this is called, is in ur character we have naturally since birth; we avid dull r difficult jbs until it’s t late t d anything else.可知，拖延症是我们出生就在我们的性格里面的东西，我们逃避一些枯燥或者困难的事情直到太晚而什么都做不了，故可知，拖延症是很多人无法摆脱的，因为天生就有，故选A.
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“We’ve evlved t respnd t the mment, and nt t set ur sights t far in an uncertain wrld,” Dr. Steel adds.可知，我们进化为对当下的东西做出反应，而对未来的没有前瞻性，故可知，要克服拖延症，还必须要克服天性，故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段These are thus turned frm seemingly endless tasks int smething cncrete with measured prgress. Dr. Steel recmmends such techniques, r “pre-cmmitments”, adding that leaving yu a mnth befre the “deadline” makes it mre likely a task will be cmpleted.可知，pre-cmmitments就是把一些似乎无尽的任务转换成一些可以量化进步的具体事务，在截止日期前给自己一个月的时间让任务完成得可能性更高，故可知，pre-cmmitments会让自己的要做的事情更可控，故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。本句意思为，最终解决拖延症落实到了计划，但是如果不小心，计划本身就会成为拖延症的一种表现，故可知，要计划，计划之后要立即落实，故作者说这句话的意义在于警告计划不能太拖延，故选C。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s a jyful and stressful time f year in the United States fr students and their families as they make decisins abut where t attend cllege. Families ften turn t rankings systems t help make a decisin. ____35____
When I talk t families as a schlar f higher educatin, they’re ften surprised that teaching excellence is nt cunted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence f teaching excellence frm the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is ne f the mst imprtant predictrs f a wide range f cllege utcmes.
Rankings, hwever, are nly ne reasn why a lw value is placed n teaching in higher educatin. Administratrs ften dn’t view teaching excellence as a way t increase enrlment (注册) r funding. ____38____ Research shws that the mre time instructrs spend n teaching, the lwer their salary. What is the result? Many instructrs cntinue t teach using traditinal lectures, which lead t lwer success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, nt much will change until schls with high-quality teaching are rewarded with mre resurces, higher rankings and increased enrlments. In the lng term, universities, rganisatins that rank schls, and thers shuld wrk t make teaching a valued, cre part f the missin.
What shuld students and their families d? They shuld give strng cnsideratin t universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even thugh the schls may be ranked lwer.
A. Higher educatin has achieved its true ptential.
B. Therefre, it’s nt highly valued in hiring r prmtin.
C. Quality teaching has been an imprtant reputatin-building factr.
D. Hwever, the rankings ignre a critical factr: the quality f teaching.
E. Effrts t imprve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even mre surprised at hw teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities ften shift emphasis frm teaching t ther ranking factrs.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。
【35题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s a jyful and stressful time f year in the United States fr students and their families as they make decisins abut where t attend cllege. Families ften turn t rankings systems t help make a decisin.(对于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻，因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。选项D“Hwever, the rankings ignre a critical factr: the quality f teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。
【36题详解】
根据空前内容“When I talk t families as a schlar f higher educatin, they’re ften surprised that teaching excellence is nt cunted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They’re even mre surprised at hw teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“mre surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故选F。
【37题详解】
空前内容“Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence f teaching excellence frm the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is ne f the mst imprtant predictrs f a wide range f cllege utcmes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项G“In fact, universities ften shift emphasis frm teaching t ther ranking factrs.(事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。
【38题详解】
根据空前内容“Rankings, hwever, are nly ne reasn why a lw value is placed n teaching in higher educatin. Administratrs ften dn’t view teaching excellence as a way t increase enrlment (注册) r funding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项B“Therefre, it’s nt highly valued in hiring r prmtin.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据下文内容“Nevertheless, nt much will change until schls with high-quality teaching are rewarded with mre resurces, higher rankings and increased enrlments. In the lng term, universities, rganisatins that rank schls, and thers shuld wrk t make teaching a valued, cre part f the missin.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，此处算是站在大学的角度，提出如何把教学当成他们的首要核心任务。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项E“Effrts t imprve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.(在最近，努力改进教学水平的现象已经出现了。)”与下文形成转折，旨在说明，促使教学成为核心任务的艰巨性和重要性。故选E。
【点睛】
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节(共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分, 第 42 题 3 分, 第 43 题 5 分, 共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Finding and keeping friends is a skill that can take sme time t develp.
Frm arund the age f fur, children develp an understanding that ther peple may have thughts, interests and feelings that are different t theirs. This emerging capacity, knwn as Thery f Mind, helps children make friends, says Eileen Kennedy-Mre, a clinical psychlgist. “They becme better at imagining smene else’s perspective and this stimulates mre intimate (亲密的) friendships.”
Children ften have a practical view f friendship, frming clse bnds with peers in the playgrund r classrm, says Kennedy-Mre. “It is a ‘lve the ne yu’re with’ apprach.”
“The thing that kids have as an advantage ver adults is that they are in the rm with 25 thers in their stage f life,” she says. “In adulthd it takes thughtful effrt t find and develp friendships.” Accrding t ne study, adults must spend arund 50 hurs tgether t g frm mere acquaintance (相识的人) t a casual friend, 90 hurs tgether befre they cnsider each ther as friends, and mre than 200 hurs t becme clse friends wh share an emtinal cnnectin.
Psychlgists say best friendships can help children prepare fr clse relatinships, including rmantic nes, as they grw up.
“Best friendship is really like falling in lve, “says Kennedy-Mre.
“Clse friendships in childhd help kids practice the skills they need in intimate relatinships thrughut their lives. They learn abut ther peple, and abut themselves, t deal with feelings like envy, lneliness, and sadness.”
“If children dn’t talk abut friends at hme, it desn’t mean they dn’t have any,” she says, adding that this may because they prefer a quieter style f interacting with thers.
Parents can help their children in develping friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl. “The frmula is: watch then get invlved.” says Kennedy-Mre. “Parents shuld teach their children t watch what ther children are ding, then encurage them t slide int the actin withut interrupting.”
40. What capacity d children develp frm abut the age f fur accrding t Kennedy-Mre?
41. What is the disadvantage fr adults t develp friendships cmpared with children?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Parents can supprt their children in frming friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl and crrecting them frm time t time.
43. List sme ther ways yu usually use t develp r maintain yur friendship.(In abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40. Children develp an understanding that ther peple may have thughts, interests and feelings that are different t theirs.
41. It takes thughtful effrt mre time t find and develp friendships.
42. Parents can supprt their children in frming friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl and crrecting them frm time t time.
Accrding t the passage, parents shuld encurage their children t watch and slide int the actin withut interrupting instead f crrecting them frm time t time.
43. I will directly tell my friends that I want t talk with them and spend time with them. Besides, when they are talking, I will listen t them carefully. Mst imprtantly, I will let them knw that I am trustwrthy and that we can becme clser friends.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了发展和维持友谊是一项需要时间培养的技能，童年时期的亲密友谊有助于孩子的成长，家长可以采取方式帮助孩子建立友谊。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Frm arund the age f fur, children develp an understanding that ther peple may have thughts, interests and feelings that are different t theirs. This emerging capacity, knwn as Thery f Mind, helps children make friends, says Eileen Kennedy-Mre, a clinical psychlgist.(从四岁左右开始，孩子们就开始理解其他人可能有不同于他们的想法、兴趣和感受。临床心理学家艾琳·肯尼迪·摩尔说，这种被称为心理理论的新兴能力有助于儿童交朋友)”可知，从四岁左右开始，孩子们就开始理解其他人可能有不同于他们的想法、兴趣和感受，故答案为Children develp an understanding that ther peple may have thughts, interests and feelings that are different t theirs.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段““In adulthd it takes thughtful effrt t find and develp friendships.” Accrding t ne study, adults must spend arund 50 hurs tgether t g frm mere acquaintance t a casual friend, 90 hurs tgether befre they cnsider each ther as friends, and mre than 200 hurs t becme clse friends wh share an emtinal cnnectin.(“成年后，寻找和发展友谊需要深思熟虑的努力。”根据一项研究，成年人必须在一起50个小时左右，才能从单纯的熟人变成普通朋友；在一起90个小时后，才能把彼此视为朋友；在一起200个小时以上，才能成为拥有共同情感的亲密朋友)”可知，与儿童相比，成年人发展友谊的劣势是成年人寻找和发展友谊需要深思熟虑的努力，故答案为It takes thughtful effrt mre time t find and develp friendships.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Parents can help their children in develping friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl. “The frmula is: watch then get invlved.” says Kennedy-Mre. “Parents shuld teach their children t watch what ther children are ding, then encurage them t slide int the actin withut interrupting.”(家长可以在校外组织有趣的聚会，帮助孩子建立友谊。“方法是：观察然后参与。”肯尼迪·摩尔说。“家长应该教孩子观察其他孩子在做什么，然后鼓励他们在不打断的情况下投入到行动中。”)”可知，父母应该鼓励他们的孩子观看并在不打断的情况下进入动作，而不是时不时地纠正他们，故答案为Parents can supprt their children in frming friendships by rganizing fun meet-ups utside f schl and crrecting them frm time t time.
Accrding t the passage, parents shuld encurage their children t watch and slide int the actin withut interrupting instead f crrecting them frm time t time.
【43题详解】
开放性题目。我会采取这样的方式来发展或维持友谊：我会直接告诉我的朋友，我想和他们谈谈，花时间和他们在一起。此外，当他们说话时，我会仔细听他们说话。最重要的是，我会让他们知道我是值得信赖的，我们可以成为更亲密的朋友。故答案为I will directly tell my friends that I want t talk with them and spend time with them. Besides, when they are talking, I will listen t them carefully. Mst imprtantly, I will let them knw that I am trustwrthy and that we can becme clser friends.
第二节 (20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校组织了主题为“爱阅读，爱思考”的系列读书活动。请你用英文给英国笔友Jim 写一封邮件，向他介绍该活动。内容包括：
1. 活动目的及形式;
2. 个人收获及后续计划。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw are yu ding? I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
The purpse f this activity is t encurage students t develp the habit f reading and t enhance ur critical thinking abilities. The activities include bk sharing sessins, reading cntests, bk reviews, and discussins n varius tpics related t literature.
Persnally, I find this activity very meaningful and inspiring. I have fund that it has bradened my hrizns, enriched my knwledge and stimulated my interest in reading. After the activity, I plan t cntinue t read widely and t share my insights with my classmates.
I wuld lve t hear yur thughts n this. Lking frward t yur reply.
Best regards,
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim介绍学校组织的主题为“爱阅读，爱思考”的系列读书活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→event
鼓励：encurage→inspire
提高：enhance→imprve
各种各样的：varius→a variety f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
拓展句：I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” which was rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.(运用了过去分词作后置定语）
【高分句型2】I have fund that it has bradened my hrizns, enriched my knwledge and stimulated my interest in reading.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
相关试卷
天津市南开区部分校2023-2024学年高三下学期开学联考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）： 这是一份天津市南开区部分校2023-2024学年高三下学期开学联考英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含精品解析天津市南开区部分校2023-2024学年高三下学期开学联考英语试题原卷版docx、精品解析天津市南开区部分校2023-2024学年高三下学期开学联考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。
北京市第四中学顺义分校2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（含解析）： 这是一份北京市第四中学顺义分校2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（含解析），共30页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
北京市第四中学顺义分校2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题： 这是一份北京市第四中学顺义分校2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题，共10页。
