译林版七年级下册英语第七单元Unit7《Abilities》知识点详解

这是一份译林版七年级下册英语第七单元Unit7《Abilities》知识点详解，共8页。
七年级下册英语Unit7《Abilities》单元知识点详解welcome1．believe it or not信不信由你believe sb相信某人的话believe in信任，信奉2．look out当心，小心3．ability n．能力   复：abilities     have the ability to do sth有能力做某事⬇able  adj．能，能够（反：unable）  be able to do sth．能够做某事➡be unable to do sth4． give a seat to someone on the bus 在公交车上给人让座5． plant trees种树6． collect things for Project Hope 为希望工程收集东西  collect sth for……  为……收集某物7． clean up the park清理公园  clean it up代词放中间eat up吃光 mop up拖干净  use up 用光   8． visit an old people's home 参观老年公寓9． need sth. most 最需要某物10．send sth. to sb  = send sb sth 把某物寄送給某人11． pay for sth. 为某物付款12． raise some money for sb．为某人募集金钱raise sth for sb为某人募集某物 Reading1． He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire．他很勇敢，从火灾中救出了他的邻居①brave adj．勇敢的  a brave young man一位勇敢的年轻男人bravely adv．勇敢地（修饰动词）②save  vt．救，救助  save his neighbour from a fire 从火中挽救邻居save ……from……   从……中救出save one’s life  救了某人的命 vt．节省，储蓄  save money/water/time 节约钱/水/时间2．be at home alone 独自一人在家3． hear someone shouting 听到有人在大声叫喊4． He ran outside and saw a lot of smoke from next door．他跑到外面，看到从隔壁冒出了大量的烟smoke不可数名词：烟，烟雾  There is no smoke without fire．无风不起浪 =No smoke with fireVi．吸烟，抽烟     No smoking 禁止抽烟next door 在隔壁run outside跑到外面see a lot of smoke from next door 看到许多来自隔壁的烟5．be badly hurt伤得严重bad adj．坏的，有害的 be bad for…… 对 …… 有害   badly adv．严重地，厉害地hurt adj．受伤的  be hurt 受伤     vt．使受伤，伤害，疼  hurt sb 伤害某人6． pour water over his clothes to protect himself   把水倒到他的衣服上来保护他自己protect vt．保护   protect sb from sth  保护某人避免受到某事/物的伤害7． rush into the kitchen 冲进厨房rush into…… 跑进……   rush out of……  从……中跑出8． heavy smoke浓烟9． put a wet blanket over Mrs Sun用湿毛毯裹在孙夫身上10． help her out 帮助地出来help sb out 帮助某人摆脱困境11． put out the fire扑灭火put out 扑灭    12． burn one's arms烧伤了某人的胳膊burn-burned/burnt13． be in hospital for two weeks 住院两周  in hospital住院   in the hospital在医院里14． at that moment  = just then 就在那时15． have time to think about sth．有时间思考某事16． nod vi．点头 过去式：nodded  现在分词：nodding17． be careful with sth．小心某物 be careful with fireworks当心烟花care  vt．关心 ➡ careful  adj．仔细的，认真的，小心的（反：careless --be careless粗心）➡carefully adv．细心地，认真地，小心地18． stop sb. from doing sth．阻止某人做菜事19．  hear about the news 听说这个新闻  news 不可数名词 ：消息，新闻   a piece of news一则新闻No news is good news． 没消息就是好消息20． an old lady一位老奶奶21． find out弄清楚，查明22． Sth be on fire= sth catch a fire着火23．get better变得更好24． play with matches玩火柴match n．（可数）火柴/比赛vt． 相配  match sth well与……很配25． keep your hair from the fire  使你的头发远离火keep sb. away from sth. 使某人远离某物Grammar1． make a call on your mobile 用你的手机打个电话2． leave sth. at home 把某物落(忘)在家3． by the way顺便说一下4． no problem没问题5． see through walls看透墙6． be just like X-rays就像X光7． burn things with his eyes 用他的眼睛烧东西8． hear things far away 听到远处的东西9． What else can he do?他还能做什么？else adv．另外，其他   通常放在特殊疑问词what/ who /which /when /where/ how等后面，或者放在something/ anything /nothing /anyone/ everyone等不定代词后other adj．其他的，别的   后接名词10． stop a train with his hands 用他的手拦停火车11． fly as fast as light 飞得像光一祥快情态动词定义：情态动词是一类用于表示说话人的语气和情态的助动词。常表示命令、 请 求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。如: can ,could, may, must, need情态动词的特征1．情态动词不同于实义动词，不可单独作谓语，只有实义动词连用才有意义。2．情态动词没有人称和数的变化。3．情态动词后的动词必须用原形。can/ could/may的用法① can：表示能力, 意为“能，会”。表示现在的能力用can,表示过去的能力用could。此时可以用短 be able to与之替换。例句：She can speak French very well． =She is able to speak French very well．她法语说得很好。I could catch the bus, but I didn't want to．  我当时能赶上车的,但是我没想赶②表示许可，意为“可以”。③can/ could： 表示怀疑、猜测时，意为“可能”。can't/ couldn't意为“不可能"例句：He can't/couldn't be only fifty． 他不可能只有五十岁。This can't be finished by her． 这不可能是她完成的。④以can开头的一-般疑问句，其肯定回答和否定回答分别用can和can't;-Can+主语+V．原+其他?-Yes,主语+can．/No,主语+can't．⑤以could开头的一般疑问句，其肯定和否定回答分别用could 和couldn't-Could+主语+V．原+其他?-Yes,主语+could．/No,主语+couldn’t．但表示允许别人做某事时，其回答用can, 而不用could。-Could I use your pen?我可以用你的钢笔吗?-Yes,of course you can．当然可以。what/how引导的感叹句integrated skills1．need to read more and speak more this termx 这个学期需要多读，多说2．work hard on Geography 努力学习地理hard adv．努力地，费力地  work hard on sth在某方面努力3．write good articles 写出好文章4．dry one's best（to do sth） 尽某人最大的努力(做某事)5．get into the school team进入校队6．I start to play the violin at the age of six．play the violin拉小提琴at the age of…………   在……岁时  =When sb is/was……years old．7．start/ begin to do sth．开始做某事8． show me how to play it教我如何拉它show ①vt.  教,演示 show sb how to do sth 教某人如何做某事show sth to sb = show sb sth把某物拿给某人show off 炫耀② n. 展览，展览物，节目，表演  on show 在展出study skills1． A library is a useful place to find information．useful  adj．有用的，有益的   反：uselessbe useful to……   对……有益2． Books are organized according to tips． organize  vt．组织   →organization  n．组织according to   根据3．similar   adj．相似的  be similar to ……   与……类似，相似于Task1．recommend sb. for sth． 推荐某人获得某物recommend sb for an award  推荐某人获得一个奖项recommend sb as  推荐某人当recommend sb to do sth  推荐某人做某事2．this year's Young Star Award 今年的新星奖3．plan everything well 计划好每件事4．take part in activities like collecting clothes and books for children in need参加像是给困难中的儿童募集衣物和书籍这样的活动in need  在急需时，在贫困时，在危难中5．lose one's way迷路lose one’s life失去生命6．get an award获得一个奖7．hear from sb．收到某人来信