安徽省黄山市2024届高三下学期第一次质量检测（一模）英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份安徽省黄山市2024届高三下学期第一次质量检测（一模）英语试卷（Word版附解析），共33页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the man ffer t d fr the wman?
A. Draw her a map. B. Bring her a cmputer. C. Shw her arund the campus.
2. Which prject did the man finish?
A. The maths ne. B. The histry ne. C. The gegraphy ne.
3. What des the wman suggest the man eat?
A Salads. B. Burgers. C. Sup.
4. What is the wman ging t d tmrrw?
A. Walk by the river. B. Have a picnic. C. Relax n the beach.
5. What des the man’s mther d nw?
A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a ck. C. She’s a writer.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
请听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What d the speakers bth like abut the stry?
A. The characters. B. The writing style. C. The ending.
7. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Husband and wife.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a museum. B. In an ffice. C. In a restaurant.
9. What day is it tday?
A Mnday. B. Tuesday. C. Friday.
10. What des the man advise the wman t d?
A. Have a wait. B. Make a reservatin. C. Cme back tmrrw.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What des the wman usually d in the park?
A. She plays tennis. B. She has a walk. C. She takes a bike ride.
12. What des the man say abut the skate park by the schl?
A. It’s newer. B. It’s larger. C. It’s quieter.
13. Why is the man unable t skate tday?
A. His ft hurts. B. He is quite busy. C. The park is full f peple.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why is the wman swimming dwn the Amazn River?
A. T raise mney fr charity.
B. T break a wrld recrd.
C. T prmte an activity.
15. What is the wman wrried abut during her swim?
A. Having illnesses.
B. Meeting dangerus fish.
C Getting hungry.
16. Wh will be with the wman during her trip?
A. Her mum. B. Her dad. C. Her best friend.
17. What will the wman and her team d while travelling?
A. Film a dcumentary. B. Attend a lcal festival. C. D vlunteer wrk.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Hw ften will the class be held?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
19. Wh is the class fr?
A. Teachers. B. Children. C. Parents.
20.What will Mr. Jacksn d later?
A. Make a speech. B. Give ut sme gifts. C. Invite sme guests.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bks fr children
Cyril and Pat by Emily Gravett
This clever picture bk shws yunger readers the charming friendship between Cyril, a squirrel and Pat, wh isn’t. Their friendship is pwerful and shws children that it’s wrth sticking up fr thse yu care abut. With vivid illustratins f life, leaves and flwers, an unexpected wrld is brught t life, and it’s the ne that yunger readers will delight i explring every time they visit a park.
N One Is Angry Tday by Tn Tellegen
Fllwing a series f frest animal friends thrugh their everyday lives, these stries examine why we d the things we d and hw we feel abut ur actins. The brevity, clarity and high quality f these shrt stries als make them useful texts t study in literacy lessns, particularly in terms f viewpint and writing styles.
The Midnight Panther by Pnam Mistry
Panther feels ut f place and takes an adventure in the jungle t vercme challenges, cnquer his insecurities and find ut where he belngs. The Midnight Panther is an utstandingly illustrated and magical fable picture bk. The atmspheric strytelling makes this bk a jy t read alud t a class and the breathtaking imaginatin lends itself t inspiring children’s creative writing.
Fina the Fruit Bat by Dan Riskin
Fina is the fruit bat wh is afraid f the dark, afraid f the unknwn and afraid t try flight. But calming and cnfidence-building wrds frm her mther shw her way. A gd bk t help children deal with new and unfamiliar situatins. Reading this will nt nly teach them abut vercming fear, but als the science behind echlcatin and lives f fruit bats.
1. What d we knw abut Cyril and Pat?
A. They are gd friends.B. They are bth squirrels.
C. They enjy cllecting leaves.D. They ften visit remte parks.
2. Which bk is gd fr children’s creative writing?
A. Cyril and Pat.B. Fina the Fruit Bat.
C. N One Is Angry Tday.D. The Midnight Panther.
3. What des Fina the Fruit Bat teach children?
A. Hw t cexist with wildlife.B. Hw t handle new situatins.
C. Hw t get n with their mther.D. Hw t develp an interest in science.
B
My Ph.D. (博士学位) adviser had encuraged me t take a vacatin. S I was sitting at an airprt restaurant, when I received the email. It infrmed me I had failed my qualifying exam n my secnd attempt, which meant dismissal frm the prgram. I knew things hadn’t gne perfectly. But I was still shcked. Hw was it pssible that ne exam culd erase all my ther successes and define me as unfit t be a scientist?
I wasn’t sure what t expect when I started my Ph.D. prgram. As a first-generatin cllege graduate, I didn’t have family members wh culd tell me what it was like. I had put in a lt f effrt, but it didn’t seem t pay ff during my first year.
I ended that year with increased cnfidence, eager t put my newfund knwledge int actin. But my cnfidence tk a plunge shrtly thereafter, when I made my first attempt at the qualifying exam. I had never taken a presentatin befre, s the experience was terrifying. I std in frnt f my exam cmmittee.
Once it was ver, my cmmittee tld me I’d cnditinally passed, which meant I’d have ne mre chance. Fr the next 2 mnths, I did everything in my pwer t prepare. When the exam was ver, I left the rm feeling a mix f fear and relief. But thse feelings changed t frustratin the next day, after I learned I’d failed.
But sn, things started t change. After a series f meetings, faculty members (全体教师) decided t d away with the qualifying exam structure I’d struggled with. Students wuld be asked questins, s that faculty culd learn mre abut their knwledge and prvide cnstructive feedback.
As a result, I’m nw back t wrking n the prgram. I try t stay fcused n becming the best scientist I can be. In the end, I am much mre than that ne-hur exam.
4. What was the authr infrmed f in the email?
A. His Ph.D. adviser wuld leave his prgram.
B. He was permitted t take a hliday t relax.
C. He didn’t perfrm well t pass the qualifying exam.
D. His research prject had achieved remarkable results.
5. Hw did the authr feel abut his first year n the Ph.D. prgram?
A. It was bring.B. It was hpeful.C. It was enjyable.D. It was challenging.
6. What d the underlined wrds “tk a plunge” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Paid ff.B. Failed smebdy.C. Experienced a decline.D. Cntinued t grw.
7. What can we learn abut the change?
A. Students wuld nt be defined by ne exam.
B. Students dn’t need t attend qualifying exams.
C. Standards fr qualified scientists have been simplified.
D. Students wuld be given special supprt frm cllege.
C
Why are sme peple mre mtivated t handle difficult things? And is there a way t make ding difficult things easy? T answer the questin, we need t lk at this: dpamine(多巴胺). Dpamine gives us the mtivatin t get up and d stuff.
In fact, yur brain develps pririties in large part based n hw much dpamine it’s expecting t get. If an activity releases t little dpamine, yu wn’t have much mtivatin t d it. But if an activity releases a lt f dpamine, yu’ll be mtivated t repeat it, ver and ver. S which behavir releases dpamine? Any activity where yu anticipate there’s a ptential reward releases it.
And in tday’s digital sciety, we are flding ur brains with unnaturally high amunts f dpamine n a daily basis, even if we dn’t knw it. Sme examples f high dpamine behavir include: scrlling thrugh scial media websites, playing vide games, etc.
And yu might think, “S what? It wn’t harm me in any way. But yu’d be wrng. Whenever an imbalance ccurs, ur bdy adapts t it and thse high levels f dpamine became yur new rutine. Thus yu develp a dpamine tlerance. This can be harmful because the things that dn’t give yu as much dpamine dn’t interest yu any lnger. That’s why peple prefer playing vide games r brwsing the Internet, cmpared with studying r wrking.
But it is pssible t make ding difficult things feel easier. Separate yurself frm the unnaturally high amunts f dpamine, r at least expse yurself t it far less frequently. Only then will lw dpamine activities becme exciting again. That’s why yu might want t limit yur phne and cmputer usage.
We are all dpamine addicts. And that’s a gd thing because dpamine mtivates us t achieve ur gals. But it’s up t yu t decide where yu are ging t get yur dpamine. Are yu ging t get it frm things that dn’t benefit yu r frm wrking n yur lng-term gals? The chice is yurs.
8. When is dpamine released?
A. When we get up and d stuff.B. When we take pleasure in the behavir.
C. When pssible benefits can be btained.D. When difficult things cme int being.
9. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Dpamine des great harm t ur bdy.
B. It’s hard fr ur bdy t keep the balance.
C. Dpamine tlerance keeps us away frm games.
D. Vide games prduce mre dpamine than study.
10. What is the purpse f the fifth paragraph?
A. T ffer slutins t dpamine tlerance.B. T intrduce the effects f dpamine.
C. T explain why dpamine is harmful.D. T stress the imprtance f dpamine.
11. What is the authr’s attitude tward dpamine?
A. Dubtful.B. Objective.C. Supprtive.D. Disapprving.
D
When clds and flu hit, many peple autmatically turn t ver-the-cunter (OTC) medicines t push thrugh and treat their symptms (症状). Althugh these medicines are easily accessible and widely used, it might cme as a surprise t many peple t learn that they are nt risk-free. A study estimated that every year, ver 26,000 peple went t the emergency rm fr adverse (有害的) events related t OTC cld and cugh medicines.
When tw r mre drugs are used tgether, their interactin can smetimes prduce unexpected harmful effects. Physicians are typically knwledgeable abut ptential drug interactins, s it is very imprtant fr patients t ask their healthcare prviders which OTC medicines are safe fr them t use.
It is imprtant t read the package ingredients f OTC medicines clsely t avid duplicatin f dses (剂量重复). Cld medicines are typically made up f multiple ingredients, including pain relievers, nasal decngestants and cugh suppressants r expectrants. A persn wh takes a single-ingredient medicine paired with ne f these multi-ingredient medicines can receive an unsafe dse f that ingredient.
While everyne culd ptentially experience adverse effects frm cld and flu medicines, sme grups-including lder adults, children and pregnant wmen-may be at greater risk.
Older peple wh are using prescribed (处方的) drugs t treat multiple health cnditins may have a higher risk f drug interactins because f the higher number f medicines being used at the same time t treat different cnditins. The aging bdy is nt expert at absrbing, distributing and clearing medicines as yunger bdies are. This can put lder adults at higher risk fr an verdse and drug-t-drug interactins with sme medicines.
The Fd and Drug Administratin and the Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin d nt recmmend giving cld medicine t children under age 4. Because f a variety f factrs, yung children have a higher risk f an accidental verdse and adverse events that culd lead t death.
12. Why did the authr mentin the study in paragraph 1?
A. T stress the easy access t OTC medicines.
B T explain the dangers f using OTC medicines.
C. T emphasize the imprtance f OTC medicines.
D. T prve the ptential risks f using OTC medicines.
13. What advice des the authr give t thse wh take different drugs at the same time?
A. Turn t dctrs fr advice.B. Buy medicines frm physicians.
C. Take nly ne drug instead.D. Change the ingredients f drugs.
14. What can we infer frm the text?
A. Wmen cannt face aging psitively.
B. Children are mre easily affected by diseases.
C. Older peple’s bdy cannt deal with medicines easily.
D. Peple’s desire fr health makes them take mre medicine.
15. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. OTC medicines may nt be safe.
B. Tips fr taking ver-the-cunter drugs.
C. Hw t deal with an OTC drug verdse?
D. Shuld medicines be available “ver the cunter”?
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Once peple finish reading a bk, they are likely t have an impulse t write abut it. Thse wh read and write a lt may want t becme bk reviewers. ____16____. But mst have at least a high schl diplma and, in many cases, they have a cllege degree in literature r a related field. Fr prfessinal bk reviewers, an English r writing degree is als a ppular chice.
It generally takes much patience t becme a bk reviewer. Als, it’s imprtant t learn much abut bk reviewing ahead f time. Read as many bk reviews as pssible t get an idea f the tne and cntent f the reviews. And remember bk reviews are a little different frm bk critiques. ____17____.
If yu want t becme a bk reviewer, it’s necessary t determine what type f bk yu wish t review. Mst bk reviewers specialize in ne specific type. ____18____. Whichever type yu want t review, yu shuld truly enjy reading it and be relatively knwledgeable abut cmmn themes and plt methds.
____19____. Even if the reviews are never published, it’s imprtant t have pieces f bk reviews. Mst editrs wn’t hire a reviewer withut any pieces f bk reviews. It may be easier t start writing fr a university newspaper r a lcal newspaper while yu’re still in cllege. Anther ptin is t write reviews and pst them n a blg. Thus, yu prepare yurself fr becming a bk reviewer.
Mst bk reviewers d nt wrk fr ne particular medium and are paid per piece. ____20____. In exchange, they will receive free bks t review, smetimes ahead f their publicatin dates. It can be difficult t get started, as with any freelance writing career, but fr smene wh enjys reading and writing abut bks, it is an excellent chice.
A. And the salary can be high
B. Sme simply write bk reviews n a vluntary basis
C. Interestingly, there are different types f bk reviewers
D. It can be ppular fictin, histrical fictin r anything else
E. They are traditinally less frmal cmpared with the latter
F. It’s impssible t becme a reviewer withut writing sme reviews
G. There are n specific educatinal requirements fr becming bk reviewers
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
My little niece was wandering thrugh the garden in her hme. Her father cllected rare and precius plants, which he ____21____ with great care.
My niece was ____22____ by a plant full f blming flwers. She apprached it and admired its unique beauty. Suddenly she ____23____ that the plant was in a pile f filth(污秽). She culd nt put up with the ____24____ f dirt with such fantastic flwers.
She figured ut a plan t clean the plant. She ____25____ the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its ____26____ in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant n a clean stne and went away, prud that she had dne a great ____27____.
Later her father came t the garden and nticed the uprted plant, which had lain ____28____ in the baking sun. His little daughter ran ver t ____29____ her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reprted ____30____.
The father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant and tld her that the filthy sil prvided the best ____31____ t grw that plant. On hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the ____32____ sil fr each plant. ____33____, Gd prvides each f us with the best ____34____ required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth. But it may appear t be ____35____ and we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty.
21.
A. attended tB. brught upC. lked utD. fed n
22.
A. caughtB. attackedC. attractedD. shcked
23.
A. recalledB. recgnizedC. nticedD. cncluded
24.
A. shrtageB. presenceC. presentatinD. cmpsitin
25.
A. pulledB. pickedC. heldD. pushed
26.
A. flwersB. rtsC. leavesD. branches
27.
A. prjectB. dealC. peratinD. deed
28.
A. bilingB. bathingC. breathingD. dying
29.
A. cnfirmB. checkC. exhibitD. assess
30.
A. happilyB. cldlyC. fearfullyD. patiently
31.
A. shelterB. medicineC. agencyD. medium
32.
A. sameB. rightC. dirtyD. lse
33.
A. MreverB. SimilarlyC. RatherD. Nevertheless
34.
A. envirnmentB. styleC. neighbrhdD. pprtunity
35.
A. invisibleB. disrganizedC. imprperD. unpleasant
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The suthern muntainus area f Anhui prvince is hme t ld villages that seek t burst with new vitality. Amng them, Xidi and Hngcun villages, ___36___ (declare) by UNESCO t be Wrld Heritage sites in 2000 fr their utstanding preservatin f ancient rural architecture, welcme visitrs wh cme t appreciate ___37___ (they) distinctive Huizhu-style huses and a full display f the Hui culture. They feel as if immersed in a traditinal Chinese ink painting.
This level f preservatin culd nt be achieved ___38___ the participatin f generatins f lcal residents. In the ld days, street dealers ___39___ (frbid) frm letting their shulder ples(肩担)tuch the grund in rder t prtect the bluestne laid n all the streets and alleys here.
___40___ a lcal flk rhyme(民谣)says, “One is nt lucky t be brn in Huizhu. At 13 r 14 he is kicked ut f his hmetwn t make ___41___ living.” It indicates ___42___ hard the peple f Huizhu nce struggled. S far, sme custms have remained and newly integrated with turism, ___43___ (ffer) glimpses int the lives f the ancient Huizhu peple. “This symblizes the ___44___ (cmbine) f intangible with tangible cultural heritage.” A lcal fficial says. He als suggests that the ld villages explre and find their wn unique and marketable themes t fully shwcase their ___45___ (culture) charm.
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校英文杂志社要举办以“与科学家跨时空对话(Talk t a Scientist acrss Time and Space)”为主题的书信征文活动，请你写一封信给你最崇敬的一位科学家。内容包括：
1. 表达对他(她)的崇敬之情；
2. 解释你崇敬他(她)的原因。
注意：1. 词数80左右;2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was ne f the cldest days f the snwy seasn. We had seen the wrld cvered with white in almst a mnth. The rivers were frzen. Wild animals had stpped wandering arund. The small village was resting in silence. Had we nt prepared enugh firewd in advance we wuldn’t have made it thrugh the nights. It was n this day that I learned the true lessn f sharing and witnessed the best miracle I have ever seen in my life.
I was in the kitchen making lunch fr the family when I saw my six-year-ld sn, Billy, walking tward the wds. I culd nly see his back. He wasn’t walking with his usual steps. He was bviusly walking with great effrt, trying t be as still as pssible. Minutes after he disappeared int the wds, he came running ut again, tward the huse. I went back t make sandwiches, thinking that whatever he had been ding was cmpleted. Mments later, hwever, he was nce again walking in that slw purpseful lng step tward the wds. This activity went n fr half an hur: walking cautiusly t the wds, then running back t the huse. Finally, my curisity gt the best f me. I crept ut f the huse and fllwed him secretly n his jurney.
He was taking smething in his arms as he walked; being very careful nt t trip and fall. I stepped clse as he went int the wds. Branches and thrns (荆棘) slapped his little face but he did nt try t avid them. He might have a much greater purpse, I thught. As 1 came clser, I saw the mst amazing sight. Several little cats curled up beneath a huge fallen tree, where there was n snw but the least space fr any life t survive the severe winter. Billy walked right up t them, at the sight f which I almst screamed fr him t stp what he was ding. He had piled up a stack f firewd next t the kittens and was abut t light it with a match! He had n idea what the fire wuld cause at the hands f a six-year-ld.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
My sudden vice bviusly tk Billy by surprise
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Billy agreed t cllect up the firewd after I decided t take them in.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
黄山市2024届高中毕业班第一次质量检测
英语试题
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the man ffer t d fr the wman?
A. Draw her a map. B. Bring her a cmputer. C. Shw her arund the campus.
2. Which prject did the man finish?
A. The maths ne. B. The histry ne. C. The gegraphy ne.
3. What des the wman suggest the man eat?
A. Salads. B. Burgers. C. Sup.
4. What is the wman ging t d tmrrw?
A. Walk by the river. B. Have a picnic. C. Relax n the beach.
5. What des the man’s mther d nw?
A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a ck. C. She’s a writer.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
请听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What d the speakers bth like abut the stry?
A. The characters. B. The writing style. C. The ending.
7. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Husband and wife.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a museum. B. In an ffice. C. In a restaurant.
9. What day is it tday?
A Mnday. B. Tuesday. C. Friday.
10. What des the man advise the wman t d?
A. Have a wait. B. Make a reservatin. C. Cme back tmrrw.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What des the wman usually d in the park?
A. She plays tennis. B. She has a walk. C. She takes a bike ride.
12. What des the man say abut the skate park by the schl?
A. It’s newer. B. It’s larger. C. It’s quieter.
13. Why is the man unable t skate tday?
A. His ft hurts. B. He is quite busy. C. The park is full f peple.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why is the wman swimming dwn the Amazn River?
A. T raise mney fr charity.
B. T break a wrld recrd.
C. T prmte an activity.
15. What is the wman wrried abut during her swim?
A. Having illnesses.
B. Meeting dangerus fish.
C. Getting hungry.
16. Wh will be with the wman during her trip?
A. Her mum. B. Her dad. C. Her best friend.
17. What will the wman and her team d while travelling?
A. Film a dcumentary. B. Attend a lcal festival. C. D vlunteer wrk.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Hw ften will the class be held?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
19. Wh is the class fr?
A. Teachers. B. Children. C. Parents.
20.What will Mr. Jacksn d later?
A. Make a speech. B. Give ut sme gifts. C. Invite sme guests.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bks fr children
Cyril and Pat by Emily Gravett
This clever picture bk shws yunger readers the charming friendship between Cyril, a squirrel and Pat, wh isn’t. Their friendship is pwerful and shws children that it’s wrth sticking up fr thse yu care abut. With vivid illustratins f life, leaves and flwers, an unexpected wrld is brught t life, and it’s the ne that yunger readers will delight i explring every time they visit a park.
N One Is Angry Tday by Tn Tellegen
Fllwing a series f frest animal friends thrugh their everyday lives, these stries examine why we d the things we d and hw we feel abut ur actins. The brevity, clarity and high quality f these shrt stries als make them useful texts t study in literacy lessns, particularly in terms f viewpint and writing styles.
The Midnight Panther by Pnam Mistry
Panther feels ut f place and takes an adventure in the jungle t vercme challenges, cnquer his insecurities and find ut where he belngs. The Midnight Panther is an utstandingly illustrated and magical fable picture bk. The atmspheric strytelling makes this bk a jy t read alud t a class and the breathtaking imaginatin lends itself t inspiring children’s creative writing.
Fina the Fruit Bat by Dan Riskin
Fina is the fruit bat wh is afraid f the dark, afraid f the unknwn and afraid t try flight. But calming and cnfidence-building wrds frm her mther shw her way. A gd bk t help children deal with new and unfamiliar situatins. Reading this will nt nly teach them abut vercming fear, but als the science behind echlcatin and lives f fruit bats.
1. What d we knw abut Cyril and Pat?
A. They are gd friends.B. They are bth squirrels.
C. They enjy cllecting leaves.D. They ften visit remte parks.
2. Which bk is gd fr children’s creative writing?
A. Cyril and Pat.B. Fina the Fruit Bat.
C. N One Is Angry Tday.D. The Midnight Panther.
3. What des Fina the Fruit Bat teach children?
A. Hw t cexist with wildlife.B. Hw t handle new situatins.
C. Hw t get n with their mther.D. Hw t develp an interest in science.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几本适合孩子阅读的好书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“This clever picture bk shws yunger readers the charming friendship between Cyril, a squirrel and Pat, wh isn’t.(这本聪明的绘本向年轻的读者展示了松鼠西里尔和帕特之间迷人的友谊。)”可知，西里尔和帕特是好朋友。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The atmspheric strytelling makes this bk a jy t read alud t a class and the breathtaking imaginatin lends itself t inspiring children’s creative writing.(有神秘感的故事叙述使这本书在课堂上大声朗读是一种乐趣，令人惊叹的想象力有助于激发孩子们的创造性写作。)”可知，《午夜黑豹》对孩子们的创意写作很有帮助。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“A gd bk t help children deal with new and unfamiliar situatins.(一本帮助孩子们处理新的和不熟悉的情况的好书。)”可知，《果蝠菲奥娜》教孩子们如何处理新情况。故选B。
B
My Ph.D. (博士学位) adviser had encuraged me t take a vacatin. S I was sitting at an airprt restaurant, when I received the email. It infrmed me I had failed my qualifying exam n my secnd attempt, which meant dismissal frm the prgram. I knew things hadn’t gne perfectly. But I was still shcked. Hw was it pssible that ne exam culd erase all my ther successes and define me as unfit t be a scientist?
I wasn’t sure what t expect when I started my Ph.D. prgram. As a first-generatin cllege graduate, I didn’t have family members wh culd tell me what it was like. I had put in a lt f effrt, but it didn’t seem t pay ff during my first year.
I ended that year with increased cnfidence, eager t put my newfund knwledge int actin. But my cnfidence tk a plunge shrtly thereafter, when I made my first attempt at the qualifying exam. I had never taken a presentatin befre, s the experience was terrifying. I std in frnt f my exam cmmittee.
Once it was ver, my cmmittee tld me I’d cnditinally passed, which meant I’d have ne mre chance. Fr the next 2 mnths, I did everything in my pwer t prepare. When the exam was ver, I left the rm feeling a mix f fear and relief. But thse feelings changed t frustratin the next day, after I learned I’d failed.
But sn, things started t change. After a series f meetings, faculty members (全体教师) decided t d away with the qualifying exam structure I’d struggled with. Students wuld be asked questins, s that faculty culd learn mre abut their knwledge and prvide cnstructive feedback.
As a result, I’m nw back t wrking n the prgram. I try t stay fcused n becming the best scientist I can be. In the end, I am much mre than that ne-hur exam.
4. What was the authr infrmed f in the email?
A. His Ph.D. adviser wuld leave his prgram.
B. He was permitted t take a hliday t relax.
C. He didn’t perfrm well t pass the qualifying exam.
D. His research prject had achieved remarkable results.
5. Hw did the authr feel abut his first year n the Ph.D. prgram?
A. It was bring.B. It was hpeful.C. It was enjyable.D. It was challenging.
6. What d the underlined wrds “tk a plunge” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Paid ff.B. Failed smebdy.C. Experienced a decline.D. Cntinued t grw.
7. What can we learn abut the change?
A. Students wuld nt be defined by ne exam.
B. Students dn’t need t attend qualifying exams.
C. Standards fr qualified scientists have been simplified.
D. Students wuld be given special supprt frm cllege.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很多次失败，但仍不气馁，始终意志坚定地坚持自己成为科学家的梦想。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段中“S I was sitting at an airprt restaurant, when I received the email. It infrmed me I had failed my qualifying exam n my secnd attempt, which meant dismissal frm the prgram. (当我收到这封邮件时，我正坐在机场的一家餐厅里。它告诉我，我在第二次考试中没有通过资格考试，这意味着我被除名了。)”可知，作者在电子邮件中得知自己表现不好，没能通过资格考试。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“I wasn’t sure what t expect when I started my Ph.D. prgram. As a first-generatin cllege graduate, I didn’t have family members wh culd tell me what it was like. I had put in a lt f effrt, but it didn’t seem t pay ff during my first year. (当我开始攻读博士学位时，我不确定会发生什么。作为第一代大学毕业生，我没有家人能告诉我那是什么感觉。我付出了很多努力，但第一年似乎并没有得到回报。)”可知，作者认为自己博士项目的第一年很有挑战性。故选D。
6题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“I ended that year with increased cnfidence, eager t put my newfund knwledge int actin (那一年结束了，我信心大增，渴望把我新学到的知识付诸行动。)”可知，一年结束作者信心大增，划线词前的But表示转折，因此推断画线句句意为：但此后不久，当我第一次尝试参加资格考试时，我的信心大跌。所以画线词的含义是“下降，衰退”。A. Paid ff得到了回报；B. Failed smebdy辜负了某人；C. Experienced a decline经历了衰退；D. Cntinued t grw持续增长。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中“After a series f meetings, faculty members decided t d away with the qualifying exam structure I’d struggled with. Students wuld be asked questins, s that faculty culd learn mre abut their knwledge and prvide cnstructive feedback. (经过一系列的会议，教师们决定取消我一直纠结的资格考试结构。学生将被问及问题，这样教师就可以更多地了解他们的知识，并提供建设性的反馈。)”和最后一段中“I try t stay fcused n becming the best scientist I can be. In the end, I am much mre than that ne-hur exam. (我努力专注于成为我所能成为的最好的科学家。最后，我比那一个小时的考试要重要得多。)”可知，从作者的经历，我们可以得知学生不会被一次考试所定义。故选A。
C
Why are sme peple mre mtivated t handle difficult things? And is there a way t make ding difficult things easy? T answer the questin, we need t lk at this: dpamine(多巴胺). Dpamine gives us the mtivatin t get up and d stuff.
In fact, yur brain develps pririties in large part based n hw much dpamine it’s expecting t get. If an activity releases t little dpamine, yu wn’t have much mtivatin t d it. But if an activity releases a lt f dpamine, yu’ll be mtivated t repeat it, ver and ver. S which behavir releases dpamine? Any activity where yu anticipate there’s a ptential reward releases it.
And in tday’s digital sciety, we are flding ur brains with unnaturally high amunts f dpamine n a daily basis, even if we dn’t knw it. Sme examples f high dpamine behavir include: scrlling thrugh scial media websites, playing vide games, etc.
And yu might think, “S what? It wn’t harm me in any way. But yu’d be wrng. Whenever an imbalance ccurs, ur bdy adapts t it and thse high levels f dpamine became yur new rutine. Thus yu develp a dpamine tlerance. This can be harmful because the things that dn’t give yu as much dpamine dn’t interest yu any lnger. That’s why peple prefer playing vide games r brwsing the Internet, cmpared with studying r wrking.
But it is pssible t make ding difficult things feel easier. Separate yurself frm the unnaturally high amunts f dpamine, r at least expse yurself t it far less frequently. Only then will lw dpamine activities becme exciting again. That’s why yu might want t limit yur phne and cmputer usage.
We are all dpamine addicts. And that’s a gd thing because dpamine mtivates us t achieve ur gals. But it’s up t yu t decide where yu are ging t get yur dpamine. Are yu ging t get it frm things that dn’t benefit yu r frm wrking n yur lng-term gals? The chice is yurs.
8. When is dpamine released?
A. When we get up and d stuff.B. When we take pleasure in the behavir.
C. When pssible benefits can be btained.D. When difficult things cme int being.
9. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Dpamine des great harm t ur bdy.
B. It’s hard fr ur bdy t keep the balance.
C. Dpamine tlerance keeps us away frm games.
D. Vide games prduce mre dpamine than study.
10. What is the purpse f the fifth paragraph?
A. T ffer slutins t dpamine tlerance.B. T intrduce the effects f dpamine.
C. T explain why dpamine is harmful.D. T stress the imprtance f dpamine.
11. What is the authr’s attitude tward dpamine?
A. Dubtful.B. Objective.C. Supprtive.D. Disapprving.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了多巴胺和我们的动力以及数字社会中高多巴胺行为对人们的影响。高多巴胺行为会让人们越来越依赖它，导致对一些低多巴胺行为的兴趣下降，影响学习或工作。文章建议减少高多巴胺行为的频率，让日常的低多巴胺行为变得更有吸引力。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“S which behavir releases dpamine? Any activity where yu anticipate there’s a ptential reward releases it. (那么哪种行为会释放多巴胺呢？任何你预期有潜在奖励的活动都会释放它。)”可知，任何可能获得奖励的活动，会释放多巴胺。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“This can be harmful because the things that dn’t give yu as much dpamine dn’t interest yu any lnger. That’s why peple prefer playing vide games r brwsing the Internet, cmpared with studying r wrking. (这可能是有害的，因为不能给你那么多多巴胺的事情不再让你感兴趣。这就是为什么与学习或工作相比，人们更喜欢玩电子游戏或上网。)”可知，不能一直让你产生多巴胺的活动则不会在让你感兴趣，这也就是为什么学习或者从事自己的业务比不上游戏或者上网，因为游戏或者上网可以一直让你产生多巴胺，即电子游戏比学习产生更多的多巴胺。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Separate yurself frm the unnaturally high amunts f dpamine, r at least expse yurself t it far less frequently. Only then will lw dpamine activities becme exciting again. That’s why yu might want t limit yur phne and cmputer usage. (让自己远离不自然的大量多巴胺，或者至少让自己少接触多巴胺。只有这样低多巴胺的活动才会再次变得令人兴奋。这就是你可能想要限制手机和电脑的使用的原因。)”可知，本段主要强调的是如何避免或者解决多巴胺的耐受问题即远离不自然的大量多巴胺，或者至少让自己少接触多巴胺。故本段的目的是为多巴胺耐受性提供解决方案。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Thus yu develp a dpamine tlerance. This can be harmful because the things that dn’t give yu as much dpamine dn’t interest yu any lnger. That’s why peple prefer playing vide games r brwsing the Internet, cmpared with studying r wrking. ( 因此，你会产生多巴胺耐受性。这可能是有害的，因为不能给你那么多多巴胺的事情不再让你感兴趣。这就是为什么与学习或工作相比，人们更喜欢玩电子游戏或上网。)”以及最后一段中“We are all dpamine addicts. And that’s a gd thing because dpamine mtivates us t achieve ur gals. But it’s up t yu t decide where yu are ging t get yur dpamine. (我们都是多巴胺成瘾者。这是一件好事，因为多巴胺会激励我们实现目标。但从哪里获得多巴胺取决于你自己。)”可知，作者指出多巴胺可以激励我们实现目标，提高自我，可是同时容易出现多巴胺耐受状况，出现游戏、网络上瘾最终舍弃自己的学习或者业务，因此作者对多巴胺的态度是客观的。故选B。
D
When clds and flu hit, many peple autmatically turn t ver-the-cunter (OTC) medicines t push thrugh and treat their symptms (症状). Althugh these medicines are easily accessible and widely used, it might cme as a surprise t many peple t learn that they are nt risk-free. A study estimated that every year, ver 26,000 peple went t the emergency rm fr adverse (有害的) events related t OTC cld and cugh medicines.
When tw r mre drugs are used tgether, their interactin can smetimes prduce unexpected harmful effects. Physicians are typically knwledgeable abut ptential drug interactins, s it is very imprtant fr patients t ask their healthcare prviders which OTC medicines are safe fr them t use.
It is imprtant t read the package ingredients f OTC medicines clsely t avid duplicatin f dses (剂量重复). Cld medicines are typically made up f multiple ingredients, including pain relievers, nasal decngestants and cugh suppressants r expectrants. A persn wh takes a single-ingredient medicine paired with ne f these multi-ingredient medicines can receive an unsafe dse f that ingredient.
While everyne culd ptentially experience adverse effects frm cld and flu medicines, sme grups-including lder adults, children and pregnant wmen-may be at greater risk.
Older peple wh are using prescribed (处方的) drugs t treat multiple health cnditins may have a higher risk f drug interactins because f the higher number f medicines being used at the same time t treat different cnditins. The aging bdy is nt expert at absrbing, distributing and clearing medicines as yunger bdies are. This can put lder adults at higher risk fr an verdse and drug-t-drug interactins with sme medicines.
The Fd and Drug Administratin and the Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin d nt recmmend giving cld medicine t children under age 4. Because f a variety f factrs, yung children have a higher risk f an accidental verdse and adverse events that culd lead t death.
12. Why did the authr mentin the study in paragraph 1?
A. T stress the easy access t OTC medicines.
B. T explain the dangers f using OTC medicines.
C. T emphasize the imprtance f OTC medicines.
D. T prve the ptential risks f using OTC medicines.
13. What advice des the authr give t thse wh take different drugs at the same time?
A. Turn t dctrs fr advice.B. Buy medicines frm physicians.
C. Take nly ne drug instead.D. Change the ingredients f drugs.
14. What can we infer frm the text?
A. Wmen cannt face aging psitively.
B. Children are mre easily affected by diseases.
C. Older peple’s bdy cannt deal with medicines easily.
D. Peple’s desire fr health makes them take mre medicine.
15. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. OTC medicines may nt be safe.
B. Tips fr taking ver-the-cunter drugs.
C. Hw t deal with an OTC drug verdse?
D. Shuld medicines be available “ver the cunter”?
【答案】12 D 13. A 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了非处方药 (OTC) 如感冒和流感药物的风险，文章建议人们在使用OTC药品前要和医生确认是否安全。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Althugh these medicines are easily accessible and widely used, it might cme as a surprise t many peple t learn that they are nt risk-free. A study estimated that every year, ver 26,000 peple went t the emergency rm fr adverse (有害的) events related t OTC cld and cugh medicines.(尽管这些药物很容易获得并广泛使用，但许多人可能会惊讶地发现，它们并非没有风险。一项研究估计，每年有26000多人因非处方感冒药和咳嗽药相关的不良事件前往急诊室)”可知，这项研究是为了证明OTC药物也是有风险的，D选项（证明使用OTC药品的潜在危险）符合题意，故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Physicians are typically knwledgeable abut ptential drug interactins, s it is very imprtant fr patients t ask their healthcare prviders which OTC medicines are safe fr them t use. (医生通常了解潜在的药物相互作用，因此患者询问他们的医疗保健提供者哪些OTC药物对他们来说是安全的是非常重要的)”可知，医生拥有医学知识，了解各种风险，所以在服用OTC药物之前，一定要和医生确认是否安全，故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The aging bdy is nt expert at absrbing, distributing and clearing medicines as yunger bdies are. (衰老的身体不像年轻的身体那样擅长于吸收、分配和清除药物)”可知，老人的身体已经衰老，无法像年轻人那样高效地处理药品了，C选项（老年人的身体不容易处理药物）符合题意，故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Althugh these medicines are easily accessible and widely used, it might cme as a surprise t many peple t learn that they are nt risk-free. (虽然这些药物容易获得并广泛使用，但许多人可能会惊讶地发现它们并非没有风险)”可知，OTC药物也是有风险的，A选项（OTC药物并非总是安全）符合题意，故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Once peple finish reading a bk, they are likely t have an impulse t write abut it. Thse wh read and write a lt may want t becme bk reviewers. ____16____. But mst have at least a high schl diplma and, in many cases, they have a cllege degree in literature r a related field. Fr prfessinal bk reviewers, an English r writing degree is als a ppular chice.
It generally takes much patience t becme a bk reviewer. Als, it’s imprtant t learn much abut bk reviewing ahead f time. Read as many bk reviews as pssible t get an idea f the tne and cntent f the reviews. And remember bk reviews are a little different frm bk critiques. ____17____.
If yu want t becme a bk reviewer, it’s necessary t determine what type f bk yu wish t review. Mst bk reviewers specialize in ne specific type. ____18____. Whichever type yu want t review, yu shuld truly enjy reading it and be relatively knwledgeable abut cmmn themes and plt methds.
____19____. Even if the reviews are never published, it’s imprtant t have pieces f bk reviews. Mst editrs wn’t hire a reviewer withut any pieces f bk reviews. It may be easier t start writing fr a university newspaper r a lcal newspaper while yu’re still in cllege. Anther ptin is t write reviews and pst them n a blg. Thus, yu prepare yurself fr becming a bk reviewer.
Mst bk reviewers d nt wrk fr ne particular medium and are paid per piece. ____20____. In exchange, they will receive free bks t review, smetimes ahead f their publicatin dates. It can be difficult t get started, as with any freelance writing career, but fr smene wh enjys reading and writing abut bks, it is an excellent chice.
A. And the salary can be high
B. Sme simply write bk reviews n a vluntary basis
C. Interestingly, there are different types f bk reviewers
D. It can be ppular fictin, histrical fictin r anything else
E. They are traditinally less frmal cmpared with the latter
F. It’s impssible t becme a reviewer withut writing sme reviews
G. There are n specific educatinal requirements fr becming bk reviewers
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对如何成为书评人提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据后文“But mst have at least a high schl diplma and, in many cases, they have a cllege degree in literature r a related field. Fr prfessinal bk reviewers, an English r writing degree is als a ppular chice. (但大多数人至少有高中文凭，在许多情况下，他们有文学或相关领域的大学学位。对于专业书评人来说，英语或写作学位也是一个受欢迎的选择。)”可知，此处是指成为书评人并没有学历要求，所以选项G“成为书评人没有特定的教育背景要求”切合文意。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前文“And remember bk reviews are a little different frm bk critiques. (记住，书评和书的批判有点不同。)”可知，此处是解释书评和书的批判的区别，所以选项E“与后者相比，它们在传统上不那么正式”切合文意。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前文“If yu want t becme a bk reviewer, it’s necessary t determine what type f bk yu wish t review. Mst bk reviewers specialize in ne specific type. (如果你想成为一名书评人，有必要确定你想评论什么类型的书。大多数书评家都专注于一种特定的类型。)”可知，此处是对想要评论的书的类型举例，所以选项D“它可以是通俗小说，历史小说或其他任何东西”切合文意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Even if the reviews are never published, it’s imprtant t have pieces f bk reviews. Mst editrs wn’t hire a reviewer withut any pieces f bk reviews. (即使书评从未出版过，有一些书评也是很重要的。大多数编辑不会雇用没有任何书评的评论家。)”可知，此处是讲想要成为书评人就必须先有作品，所以选项F“不写评论是不可能成为一名书评人的”切合文意。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Mst bk reviewers d nt wrk fr ne particular medium and are paid per piece. (大多数书评人并不为某一特定媒体工作，而是按件计酬。)”和后文“In exchange, they will receive free bks t review, smetimes ahead f their publicatin dates. (作为交换，他们会收到免费的书来评论，有时是在书籍出版之前。)”可知，此处是指有些人是免费自愿写书评的，所以选项B“有些人只是自愿写书评”切合文意。故选B。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
My little niece was wandering thrugh the garden in her hme. Her father cllected rare and precius plants, which he ____21____ with great care.
My niece was ____22____ by a plant full f blming flwers. She apprached it and admired its unique beauty. Suddenly she ____23____ that the plant was in a pile f filth(污秽). She culd nt put up with the ____24____ f dirt with such fantastic flwers.
She figured ut a plan t clean the plant. She ____25____ the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its ____26____ in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant n a clean stne and went away, prud that she had dne a great ____27____.
Later her father came t the garden and nticed the uprted plant, which had lain ____28____ in the baking sun. His little daughter ran ver t ____29____ her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reprted ____30____.
The father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant and tld her that the filthy sil prvided the best ____31____ t grw that plant. On hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the ____32____ sil fr each plant. ____33____, Gd prvides each f us with the best ____34____ required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth. But it may appear t be ____35____ and we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty.
21.
A. attended tB. brught upC. lked utD. fed n
22
A. caughtB. attackedC. attractedD. shcked
23.
A. recalledB. recgnizedC. nticedD. cncluded
24.
A. shrtageB. presenceC. presentatinD. cmpsitin
25.
A. pulledB. pickedC. heldD. pushed
26.
A. flwersB. rtsC. leavesD. branches
27.
A. prjectB. dealC. peratinD. deed
28.
A. bilingB. bathingC. breathingD. dying
29.
A. cnfirmB. checkC. exhibitD. assess
30.
A. happilyB. cldlyC. fearfullyD. patiently
31.
A. shelterB. medicineC. agencyD. medium
32.
A. sameB. rightC. dirtyD. lse
33.
A. MreverB. SimilarlyC. RatherD. Nevertheless
34.
A. envirnmentB. styleC. neighbrhdD. pprtunity
35.
A. invisibleB. disrganizedC. imprperD. unpleasant
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩好心办了坏事，在看到美丽的花长在污泥中后，她把花从泥土中拔起，清洗了根部的泥土，差点让花死掉，而父亲教育她污泥恰是种植这株植物的最佳培养基。上帝实际上也为我们每个人提供了最佳的精神成长环境，虽然有时这种环境并不令人愉快。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的父亲收集了很多珍贵的稀有植物，他非常细心地照料这些植物。A. attended t照料；B. brught up抚养；C. lked ut小心；D. fed n以……为食。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词rare and prized plants作补充说明，先行词在从句中作空处谓语的宾语，再结合下文“with great care”可知，她的父亲应该是细心地照料这些珍贵的稀有植物。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩被一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引。A. caught捕捉；B. attacked攻击；C. attracted吸引；D. shcked（使）震惊。根据下文“She apprached it and admired its striking beauty.”可知，女孩走过去欣赏这株美丽的植物，因此是被它吸引。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，她注意到这株植物长在一堆污泥中。A. recalled回忆起；B. recgnized辨认出；C. nticed注意到；D. cncluded得出结论。根据下文“that the plant was in a pile f filth”可推知，植物长在一堆污泥中是女孩走近后注意到的情况。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不能容忍这样美丽的花上存在泥土。A. shrtage缺少；B. presence存在；C. presentatin展示；D. cmpsitin组成。根据上文“that the plant was in a pile f filth”可知，植物长在一堆污泥中，因此女孩是觉得花上不应该存在泥土。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来，用自来水冲洗根部，直到所有的泥土都被洗干净。A. pulled拔出；B. picked采，摘；C. held握着；D. pushed推。根据下文“the plant with all her might frm the dirt”可推知，她是用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来，用自来水冲洗根部，直到所有的泥土都被洗干净。A. flwers花；B. rts根；C. leaves叶子；D. branches树枝。根据上文“She ___5___ the plant with all her might frm the dirt”和常识可知，从泥土里出来的植物根部会有泥土，因此是用自来水冲洗根部。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她把植物放在一块干净的石头上便离开了，她为自己做了一件好事而自豪。A. prject项目；B. deal交易；C. peratin操作；D. deed行为。根据上文“She ___5___ the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its ___6___ in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away.”可知，女孩想办法清除了这株植物上的泥土，由此推之，她会觉得自己为植物做了件好事，d a gd deed是固定短语，意为“做一件好事”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她的父亲来到花园，发现了那棵被连根拔起的植物，它已经在烈日下奄奄一息了。A. biling（使）沸腾；B. bathing洗澡；C. breathing呼吸；D. dying死亡。根据下文“The father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant”可知，被连根拔起的植物在烈日下快死了。故选D。
29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的小女儿跑过来展示她的成就。A. cnfirm确认；B. check检查；C. exhibit展示；D. assess评估。根据上文“prud that she had dne a great ___7___”可知，女孩对自己做的事情感到很骄傲，因此会向父亲展示自己的成就。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“爸爸，我把它清理干净了。”她高兴地说。A. happily高兴地；B.cldly冷淡地；C. fearfully可怕地；D. patiently耐心地。根据上文“I have cleaned it, Daddy”可知，女孩认为自己清理了这株植物上的污泥，是做了正确的事情，却不知道自己犯了错误，因此是高兴地说话。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲告诉她，她的处理方法几乎杀死了那株植物，并告诉她污秽的泥土是种植那株植物的最佳培养基。A. shelter庇护所；B. medicine药物；C. agency机构；D. medium培养基。根据上文“the filthy sil”和下文“t grw that plant”可推知，污秽的泥土应该是种植该植物的最佳培养基。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个好的园丁会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。A. same相同的；B. right合适的；C. dirty脏的；D. lse松的。根据上文“A great gardener”可推知，好的园丁熟知植物的习性，会为植物混合合适的土壤。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝也为我们每个人提供最佳的精神成长环境。A. Mrever此外；B. Similarly类似地；C. Rather相反地；D. Nevertheless然而。根据上文“A great gardener mixes the ___12___ sil fr each plant.”和下文“Gd prvides each f us with the best ___14___ required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth.”可知，作者从园丁培育植物谈到上帝培育人的精神成长，两者有相似之处，应用Similarly“类似地”来衔接。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝也为我们每个人提供最佳的精神成长环境。A. envirnment环境；B. style风格；C. neighburhd街区；D. pprtunity机会。根据上文“sil fr each plant”可推知，此处是类比，土壤之于植物，正如环境之于人。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它可能看起来不愉快，我们甚至可能向上帝抱怨我们的困难。A. invisible看不见的；B. disrganized混乱的；C. imprper不适当的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据下文“we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty”可知，我们可能会向上帝抱怨我们的困难，因此指它可能看起来不愉快。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The suthern muntainus area f Anhui prvince is hme t ld villages that seek t burst with new vitality. Amng them, Xidi and Hngcun villages, ___36___ (declare) by UNESCO t be Wrld Heritage sites in 2000 fr their utstanding preservatin f ancient rural architecture, welcme visitrs wh cme t appreciate ___37___ (they) distinctive Huizhu-style huses and a full display f the Hui culture. They feel as if immersed in a traditinal Chinese ink painting.
This level f preservatin culd nt be achieved ___38___ the participatin f generatins f lcal residents. In the ld days, street dealers ___39___ (frbid) frm letting their shulder ples(肩担)tuch the grund in rder t prtect the bluestne laid n all the streets and alleys here.
___40___ a lcal flk rhyme(民谣)says, “One is nt lucky t be brn in Huizhu. At 13 r 14 he is kicked ut f his hmetwn t make ___41___ living.” It indicates ___42___ hard the peple f Huizhu nce struggled. S far, sme custms have remained and newly integrated with turism, ___43___ (ffer) glimpses int the lives f the ancient Huizhu peple. “This symblizes the ___44___ (cmbine) f intangible with tangible cultural heritage.” A lcal fficial says. He als suggests that the ld villages explre and find their wn unique and marketable themes t fully shwcase their ___45___ (culture) charm.
【答案】36. declared
37. their 38. withut
39. were frbidden
40. As 41. a
42. hw 43. ffering
44. cmbinatin
45. cultural
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了徽州的物质文化遗产和非物质文化遗产结合，再现生机。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其中，西递村和宏村因其保存完好的古乡村建筑于2000年被联合国教科文组织宣布为世界遗产，欢迎游客前来欣赏独特的徽州风格的房屋，充分展示徽族文化。分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是welcme，declare用非谓语动词形式作定语，declare与villages是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填declared。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：其中，西递村和宏村因其保存完好的古乡村建筑于2000年被联合国教科文组织宣布为世界遗产，欢迎游客前来欣赏独特的徽州风格的房屋，充分展示徽族文化。修饰名词huses用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：没有几代当地居民的参与，这种程度的保护是不可能实现的。空后是名词短语，根据句意，用介词withut符合句意，介词短语作状语，故填withut。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在过去，为了保护铺在这里所有街道和小巷的青石，街头小贩被禁止让他们的肩杆接触地面。分析句子可知，frbid作谓语，与主语dealers是被动关系，由In the ld days可知，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，主语是复数，故填were frbidden。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：正如当地民间的一句谚语所说:“生在徽州不幸运。”13岁或14岁时，他被赶出家乡谋生。”分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，指代整个主句，从句置于主句前，用关系代词as，故填As。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。make a living“谋生”，固定短语，故填a。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：它表明徽州人曾经多么努力地奋斗。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，由副词hw修饰hard，引导宾语从句，故填hw。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，一些习俗被保留下来，并与旅游业结合在一起，让人们得以一窥古代徽州人的生活。分析句子可知，此处用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，故填ffering。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：“这象征着非物质文化遗产与物质文化遗产的结合。”一位当地官员说。冠词修饰名词，作宾语，cmbinatin“结合”，不可数名词，故填cmbinatin。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他还建议老村落探索并找到自己独特且适销对路的主题，以充分展示其文化魅力。修饰名词用形容词作定语，故填cultural。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校英文杂志社要举办以“与科学家跨时空对话(Talk t a Scientist acrss Time and Space)”为主题的书信征文活动，请你写一封信给你最崇敬的一位科学家。内容包括：
1. 表达对他(她)的崇敬之情；
2. 解释你崇敬他(她)的原因。
注意：1. 词数80左右;2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Grandpa Yuan Lngping，
I am writing t express my admiratin fr yu. Yu devte yurself t the research t hybrid rice with willingness t serve the cuntry.
Yu live a very simple life, but yu cntributins are invaluable t the field f science and agriculture. Withut yu and yur team, there wuld still be millins f peple having t face the threat f hunger.
It was yur hard-wrking spirit and perseverance that wrth us studying. Yu are my rle mdel and has been inspiring me t study hard and insist n my dream f making cntributins t my cuntry.
I am really prud that we have such a great scientist like yu.
Yurs sincerely
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生代替李华以“与科学家跨时空对话(Talk t a Scientist acrss Time and Space)”为主题写信给你最崇敬的一位科学家，参加书信征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
致力于：devte neself t→cmmit neself t
简单的：simple→plain
不懈努力：perseverance→determinatin
坚持：insist n→persist in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Yu live a very simple life, but yu cntributins are invaluable t the field f science and agriculture.
拓展句：Thugh yu live a very simple life, yu cntributins are invaluable t the field f science and agriculture.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Withut yu and yur team, there wuld still be millins f peple having t face the threat f hunger.（运用了虚拟语气）
【高分句型2】It was yur hard-wrking spirit and perseverance that wrth us studying.（运用了强调句型）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was ne f the cldest days f the snwy seasn. We had seen the wrld cvered with white in almst a mnth. The rivers were frzen. Wild animals had stpped wandering arund. The small village was resting in silence. Had we nt prepared enugh firewd in advance we wuldn’t have made it thrugh the nights. It was n this day that I learned the true lessn f sharing and witnessed the best miracle I have ever seen in my life.
I was in the kitchen making lunch fr the family when I saw my six-year-ld sn, Billy, walking tward the wds. I culd nly see his back. He wasn’t walking with his usual steps. He was bviusly walking with great effrt, trying t be as still as pssible. Minutes after he disappeared int the wds, he came running ut again, tward the huse. I went back t make sandwiches, thinking that whatever he had been ding was cmpleted. Mments later, hwever, he was nce again walking in that slw purpseful lng step tward the wds. This activity went n fr half an hur: walking cautiusly t the wds, then running back t the huse. Finally, my curisity gt the best f me. I crept ut f the huse and fllwed him secretly n his jurney.
He was taking smething in his arms as he walked; being very careful nt t trip and fall. I stepped clse as he went int the wds. Branches and thrns (荆棘) slapped his little face but he did nt try t avid them. He might have a much greater purpse, I thught. As 1 came clser, I saw the mst amazing sight. Several little cats curled up beneath a huge fallen tree, where there was n snw but the least space fr any life t survive the severe winter. Billy walked right up t them, at the sight f which I almst screamed fr him t stp what he was ding. He had piled up a stack f firewd next t the kittens and was abut t light it with a match! He had n idea what the fire wuld cause at the hands f a six-year-ld.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
My sudden vice bviusly tk Billy by surprise.
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Billy agreed t cllect up the firewd after I decided t take them in.
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【答案】
My sudden vice bviusly tk Billy by surprise. He didn’t turn arund but was shivering all ver, t numb t mve an inch. He was rted between me and the cats, trying t hide them frm my sight. Then he gave a gasp f astnishment at the thught f my discvery f the firewd, leaning frward t cver it up. His funny state f lss made me burst int laughter, “I knw what yu are up t, but anyway, NO FIRE in the wds!” Seized by the sympathy fr the pr little cats, he came t me in flds f tears, begging me t prvide them with warm shelter. Patting him n the head, I ndded apprval.
Billy agreed t cllect up the firewd after I decided t take them in. He carried ne piece at a time back t the huse with his tiny hands and great effrt, while I wrapped the little cats in a blanket and returned with slw careful step. The little cats were freezing but still breathing. N sner had I put them beside the fireplace than they came t life. It was then that Billy finished his wrk and dragged his 100-kil legs back t the living rm. As he apprached, he immediately tipted, wearing a big smile n his face. “Yu have a hme nw!” He murmured. He was right-- hme is where we share lve with whatever miracle nature creates fr us.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。作者正在厨房为家人做午饭，突然看到六岁的儿子比利朝树林走去。这种活动持续了半个小时：小心翼翼地走到树林里，然后跑回房子。最后，作者蹑手蹑脚地走出屋子，偷偷地跟着他上路。几只小猫蜷缩在一棵巨大的倒下的树下，比利在小猫旁边堆了一堆柴火，正准备用火柴把它点燃！
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“我突然的声音显然使比利吃了一惊。”可知，第一段可以描写比利听到作者的声音后的反应，并且请求作者收留小猫们。
②由第二段句首内容“在我决定收留他们之后，比利同意收拾柴火。”可知，第二段可以描写作者和比利为拯救小猫们采取的行动和结果。
2.续写线索：声音使比利吃惊—想藏起来—恳求—决定收留—抱回家—救活
3.词汇激活
行为类
①哆嗦：shiver/tremble
②掩藏某物：cver sth. up/cnceal sth.
③抓住：seize/ grasp
情绪类
①惊讶：astnishment/amazement
②突然大笑：burst int laughter/ burst ut laughing
【点睛】【高分句型1】He was rted between me and the cats, trying t hide them frm my sight. ( 运用了现在分词trying作状语)
【高分句型2】I knw what yu are up t, but anyway, NO FIRE in the wds! ( 运用了what引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型3】Seized by the sympathy fr the pr little cats, he came t me in flds f tears, begging me t prvide them with warm shelter. (运用了过去分词Seized作状语、现在分词begging作状语)