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241，四川省成都市第七中学2023～2024学年高三下学期入学考试英语试卷
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这是一份241，四川省成都市第七中学2023～2024学年高三下学期入学考试英语试卷，共22页。
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上所对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What wuld the wman like t d?
A. Help smene type papers. B. Have the papers checked. C. G ver the papers herself.
2. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A psitin. B. A weekend plan. C. The man’s cmpany.
3. Where will the wman g this afternn?
A. An ffice party. B. An pera huse. C. A shpping mall.
4. What des the wman prefer t d?
A. Wrk ut alne. B. Exercise with smene. C. Eat breakfast at the cafe.
5. What des the wman like mst abut the city?
A. The parks. B. The ld buildings. C. The French restaurant.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw des the man feel abut his majr?
A. Uninterested. B. Inspired. C. Cnfused.
7. What des the man want t d after graduatin? 您看到的资料都源自我们平台，20多万份最新小初高试卷，家威鑫 MXSJ663 免费下载 A. Becme a lawyer. B. Study further in Mexic. C. Start his wn business.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where can the wman visit sme relatives?
A. In Califrnia. B. In Puert Ric. C. In San Francisc.
9. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Mther and sn. B. Husband and wife. C. Brther and sister.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why des the wman express thanks t the man?
A. He’ll drive her hme. B. He’ll shp with her. C. He’ll entertain her friends.
11. What’s the advantage f a cnvenience stre fr the man?
A. Lnger business hurs. B. The lwer price. C. Much mre selectin.
12. What will the wman d next?
A. Eat hamburgers. B. Stay at the cash cunter. C. Cmpare different brands.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What happened t the wman at the beginning?
A. She lst her phne. B. She culdn’t find the way. C. She was trapped in heavy snw.
14. Why did the wman turn ff the engine?
A. The car was running ut f gas.
B. She stpped t answer a call.
C. The engine culdn’t wrk prperly.
15. Hw did the wman keep warm?
A. By drinking ht tea. B. By using the car heater. C. By having mre clthes n.
16. What did the emergency services d?
A. They called an ambulance.
B. They led the wman t her hme.
C. They helped the wman g t the main rad.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When is Sweetest Day?
A. The secnd Saturday in Octber.
B. The third Sunday in Octber.
C. The third Saturday in Octber.
18. What is the purpse f Sweetest Day?
A. T make friends. B. T make smene happy. C. T make cities mre beautiful.
19. Wh did the Cleveland man help?
A. His friends and relatives. B. The aged and his neighbrs. C. The city’s rphans and patients.
20. Hw did the Cleveland man start Sweetest Day?
A. By ffering hugs. B. By giving away small gifts. C. By distributing sme cash.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Open Days at the University f Warwick
We’d lve t meet yu. Find ut what Warwick’s all abut. We will have a huge range f activities t chse frm, t give yu a deeper insight int student life here.
Accmmdatin
Get a sense f what it will be like t live n ur fabulus campus. Our accmmdatin trails will guide yu t residences which will be pen fr yu t lk arund frm 10:00 a. m.-4:00 p. m. Many f ur current students will als be pening their rms fr viewing and happy t share their experiences f living n campus.
Academic Talks
Learn mre abut ur curses by attending department sessins, and speaking t ur academics and current students wh will cntribute t yur student experience at the Infrmatin Fair frm 9:30 a. m.-4:00 p. m. We’d particularly recmmend bking nt ur“Why Warwick?“ sessin. It is ppular s make sure yu reserve yur place.
Sprts and Scieties
Visit ur Sprts and Scieties Fair t chat t students frm a variety f clubs and scieties, wh’ll talk t yu abut all the exciting experiences and activities utside f study, and start yur thinking abut what clubs and scieties yu might like t jin as a student.
Campus Turs
Head ver t ur campus tur tents, where ur friendly student ambassadrs will be ready t take yu n a guided tur frm 9:15 a. m.-4:00 p. m. Visit ur central campus sites, including the Warwick Arts Centre t see what yu culd get invlved in.
Click n the bxes belw t find ut mre abut ur Open Days and find the answers t sme f ur frequently answered questins. Once yu have bked, we will send yu mre detailed infrmatin, t help yu prepare fr the day.
1. Where can yu get t knw abut the curses at Warwick?
A. Accmmdatin Trails.B. The Infrmatin Fair.
C. The Sprts and Scieties Fair.D. Campus Turs.
2. What can yu expect t d n the day?
A. T experience living n campus.B. T make a reservatin fr a curse.
C. T learn abut extracurricular activities.D. T appreciate artwrks n campus by yurself.
3. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A A website.B. A jurnal.
C. A guidebk.D. An advertisement.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了华威大学的开放日的一些活动情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Learn mre abut ur curses by attending department sessins, and speaking t ur academics and current students wh will cntribute t yur student experience at the Infrmatin Fair frm 9:30 a. m.-4:00 p. m.(你可以通过参加部门会议，并与我们的学者和在读学生交谈来了解我们的课程，他们将在上午9:30 -下午4:00的信息博览会上为您的学生体验做出贡献。)”可知，你可以从信息交易会了解华威大学的课程。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Visit ur Sprts and Scieties Fair t chat t students frm a variety f clubs and scieties, wh’ll talk t yu abut all the exciting experiences and activities utside f study, and start yur thinking abut what clubs and scieties yu might like t jin as a student.(参观我们的体育和社团博览会，与来自各种俱乐部和社团的学生聊天，他们会和你谈论学习之外的所有令人兴奋的经历和活动，并开始思考你作为学生可能想加入的俱乐部和社团。)”可知，你能在那天了解一些课外活动。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Click n the bxes belw t find ut mre abut ur Open Days and find the answers t sme f ur frequently answered questins.(点击下面的方框，了解更多关于我们开放日的信息，并找到一些常见问题的答案。)”可推知，文章可能选自网站。故选A。
B
In my early teens, I was nce given a film camera as a gift. On receiving it, I jumped n my bike, headed t Wimbledn Cmmn and tk phts, just fr me: phts f trees and wildlife. I was ut all day. On my way hme I sptted a tree lit up by street lighting and tried t capture its splendur. Rushing hme, I ppped the spent film in a special little envelpe and sent it ff t a phtgraphy stre, desperate t see hw it came ut. I tk many phts then and lved the fact that when yu prcessed yur film yu gt back clur phts which frze the precius mments, gently encuraging the hbby and the payments fr prcessing.
As I grew int adulthd, that simple, deep happiness gradually faded away. One weekend when I was busy answering the wrk calls, my eyes caught a bx in the crner f the rm. I suddenly felt a sense f sadness. The stress grwing ver these years had pushed the camera frm beside my pillw t the bx in the crner. I thught I needed a change.
I tk ut the camera and dusted it dwn. It was a great jy that it still wrked. I bught new film and tk the camera everywhere I went. Nw it is always n hand t accmpany me n jurneys, t allw me time t myself. Even if the day is full and busy, I can seize sme mments fr myself t take phts, t bserve the wrld arund me.
The wall f my rm nw hlds all my camera equipment alng with phts I’ve taken. T me, the rm represents hw I’ve fund happiness: by recnnecting t the yunger part f myself I laid aside, by allwing rm in my life fr pleasure t exist, and by creating an envirnment that allws pprtunities fr delight.
4. What did the authr think f taking phts as a yung by?
A. Inspiring and practical.B. Trublesme yet delightful.
C. Cmplicated yet engaging.D. Thrilling and rewarding.
5. What prevented the authr frm taking phts accrding t paragraph 2?
A. He was struck by sudden srrw.
B. He was faced with increasing pressure.
C He intended t fcus n his wrk
D. He attempted t behave like an adult.
6. What did the authr get frm picking up his hbby?
A. Mre enjyment in the daily rutine.B. New jurneys in the wild.
C. Better skills f bservatin.D. Different styles f phtgraphy.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Revisiting Lst Childhd Memries
B. Appreciating Beauty Behind the Lens
C. Regaining Pleasure Thrugh Phtgraphy
D. Escaping Teenage Sadness with Camera
【答案】4 D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候很喜欢拍照，后来作者的压力越来越大，这使得他放弃了拍照，偶然间作者看到了角落里的照相机，作者重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“I tk many phts then and lved the fact that when yu prcessed yur film yu gt back clur phts which frze the precius mments, gently encuraging the hbby and the payments fr prcessing. (那时我拍了很多照片，当你冲洗你的胶卷时，你会得到彩色照片，这一事实让我很高兴，它冻结了那些珍贵的时刻，温柔地鼓励了我的爱好和为冲洗而支付的费用。)”可推断，对于作者小时候拍照这件事，作者觉得这是令人兴奋且值得的。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The stress grwing ver these years had pushed the camera frm beside my pillw t the bx in the crner. (这些年来不断增长的压力把相机从我的枕头旁推到了角落里的盒子里。)”可知，作者面临的压力越来越大，这使得作者停止了拍照。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Even if the day is full and busy, I can seize sme mments fr myself t take phts, t bserve the wrld arund me. (即使一天很满很忙，我也能抓住一些时间给自己拍照，观察周围的世界。)”和第四段中的“T me, the rm represents hw I’ve fund happiness: by recnnecting t the yunger part f myself I laid aside, by allwing rm in my life fr pleasure t exist, and by creating an envirnment that allws pprtunities fr delight.(对我来说，这个房间代表了我是如何找到幸福的：通过重新连接我搁置的年轻的自己，通过在我的生活中为快乐留出空间，通过创造一个允许快乐机会的环境。)”可知，作者通过重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“T me, the rm represents hw I’ve fund happiness: by recnnecting t the yunger part f myself I laid aside, by allwing rm in my life fr pleasure t exist, and by creating an envirnment that allws pprtunities fr delight. (对我来说，这个房间代表了我是如何找到幸福的：通过重新连接我搁置的年轻的自己，通过在我的生活中为快乐留出空间，通过创造一个允许快乐机会的环境。)”可知，文章讲述了作者小时候很喜欢拍照，后来作者的压力越来越大，这使得他放弃了拍照，偶然间作者看到了角落里的照相机，作者重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。所以C项“Regaining Pleasure Thrugh Phtgraphy(通过摄影重新获得乐趣)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
C
Scientists have shwn hw plants can prtect themselves against genetic (基因的) damage caused by envirnmental stresses. The grwing tips f plant rts and shts have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, aviding passing n faulty DNA.
Plants have small ppulatins f stem cells (干细胞) at the tips f their rts and shts, which enable them t cntinuusly grw and prduce new tissues thrughut their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestrs fr plant tissues and rgans. Hwever, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will cntinue t exist and be passed n permanently thrughut the plant’s life, which culd last thusands f years.
Given the critical rle f stem cells and their expsure t ptentially dangerus envirnments at the grwing tips f rts and shts, safeguards are necessary t prevent stem cell faults frm becming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Rbert Sablwski, funded by the Bitechnlgy and Bilgical Sciences Research Cuncil, aimed t uncver these prtective mechanisms. Thrugh experiments invlving X-rays and chemicals, they discvered that stem cells were mre sensitive t DNA damage cmpared t ther cells.
When DNA damage ccurs, the cells have the capacity t detect it and cause prgrammed cells t die, preventing the prpagatin f the damaged genetic cde t the rest f the plant tissues. This prcess has similarities t the safeguard mechanism fund in animal cells, which has been bradly studied due t its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identificatin f a similar prtective system in plants is f great interest in the field f plant develpment. It als helps scientists develp plants that can better handle envirnmental stress. S knwledge f hw plants deal with these stresses is f fundamental significance t agricultural science’s respnse t climate change.
8. What is the functin f the in-built mechanism in plants?
A. T prduce mre rts and shts.B. T increase the verall lifetime f the plant.
C. T enhance plant grwth and nutrient intake.D. T stp genetic faults in stem cells passing n.
9. What can we knw abut stem cells in plants accrding t the text?
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.B. They are resistant t envirnmental stresses.
C. They make quick respnse t DNA damage.D. They have the ability t repair damaged DNA.
10. What des the underlined wrd “prpagatin” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Spread.B. Change.C. Existence.D. Self-repair.
11. What des the last paragraph fcus n?
A. The way f dealing with climate change n the earth.
B. The significance f identifying the prtective system in plants.
C. The methd f ensuring plant survival under envirnmental stress.
D. The urgency f develping plants that can handle envirnmental stress.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经展示了植物如何保护自己免受环境压力造成的遗传损害，即植物拥有内建机制，来阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The grwing tips f plant rts and shts have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, aviding passing n faulty DNA.(植物的根和芽的生长尖端有一个内置的机制，如果检测到DNA损伤，就会导致细胞死亡，从而避免将有缺陷的DNA传递给下一代)”可知，植物内建机制的功能是阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Thrugh experiments invlving X-rays and chemicals, they discvered that stem cells were mre sensitive t DNA damage cmpared t ther cells.(通过涉及x射线和化学物质的实验，他们发现干细胞比其他细胞对DNA损伤更敏感)”可知，植物中的干细胞对DNA损伤做出快速反应。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When DNA damage ccurs, the cells have the capacity t detect it and cause prgrammed cells t die, preventing the”以及后文“f the damaged genetic cde t the rest f the plant tissues”可知，当DNA受损时，细胞有能力检测到它，并导致程序化细胞死亡，防止受损的遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分。故划线词意思是“传播”。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The identificatin f a similar prtective system in plants is f great interest in the field f plant develpment. It als helps scientists develp plants that can better handle envirnmental stress. S knwledge f hw plants deal with these stresses is f fundamental significance t agricultural science’s respnse t climate change.(在植物中发现类似的保护系统在植物发育领域具有重要意义。它还帮助科学家培育出能够更好地应对环境压力的植物。因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力对农业科学应对气候变化具有重要意义)”可知，最后一段的重点是识别植物保护系统的意义。故选B。
D
Accrding t a new study， teens fcus n rewards and have a hard time learning t avid punishment r cnsider the cnsequences f alternative actins.
University Cllege Lndn researchers cmpared hw teens and adults learn t make chices based n the available infrmatin. They tracked the way in which 18 vlunteers aged 12-17 and 20 vlunteers aged 18-32 cmpleted tasks in which they had t chse between abstract symbls.
Each symbl was cnsistently assciated with a fixed chance f a reward, punishment, r n utcme. As the trial prgressed ， participants learned which symbls were likely t lead t each utcme and adjusted their chices accrdingly. Teens and adults were equally gd at learning t chse symbls assciated with reward， but teens were less gd at aviding symbls assciated with punishment. Adults als perfrmed significantly better when they were tld what wuld have happened if they had chsen the ther symbl after each chice， while teens did nt appear t take this infrmatin int accunt.
“Frm this experimental lab study we can draw cnclusins abut learning during the teen years. We find that teens and adults learn in different ways， smething that might be relevant t educatin," said lead authr Dr. Stefan Palminteri. " Unlike adults, teens are nt s gd at learning t adjust their chices t avid punishment. This suggests that incentive systems based n reward rather than punishment may be mre effective fr this age grup. Additinally, we fund that teens did nt learn frm being shwn what wuld have happened if they made alternative chices."
T interpret the results, the researchers develped cmputatinal mdels f learning and ran simulatins （模拟）applying them t the results f the study. The first was a simple mdel, ne that learned frm rewards, and the secnd mdel added t this by als learning frm the ptin that was nt chsen. The third mdel was the mst cmplete and tk the full cntext int accunt, with equal weight given t punishment avidance and reward seeking. Fr example, btaining n utcme rather than lsing a pint is weighted equally t gaining a pint rather than having n utcme.
Cmparing the experimental data t the mdels, the team fund that teens" behavir fllwed the simple reward-based mdel while adults" behavir matched the cmplete, cntextual mdel. “Our study suggests that teens are mre receptive t rewards than they are t punishments f equal value, ” said senir authr Dr. Sarah-Jayne Blakemre. “As a result, it may be useful fr parents and teachers t frame things in mre psitive terms.”
12. It can be learned frm the study that .
A. adults made chices faster than teens
B. adults understd rewards better than teens
C. teens reacted better t reward than punishment
D. teens were aware f the utcme f each chice
13. What d we knw abut the three cmputatinal mdels?
A. They reflected peple’s strng desire fr punishment avidance.
B. They gave circumstances different degrees f cnsideratin.
C. They paid equal attentin t reward and punishment.
D. They shaped the behavir f peple at different ages.
14. The underlined wrd “receptive" in the last paragraph prbably means .
A. accustmedB. ppsed
C. sympatheticD. respnsive
15. Accrding t the writer, which f the fllwing statements wrks best fr teens?
A. “If yu insist n ding things in this way， yu will lse ten pints. "
B. “If we had talked abut this earlier， yu wuldn’t have made the mistake. "
C. “ If yu hand in yur assignment ahead f time， yu will get an extra bnus."
D. “If yu want t apprach a prblem differently ， yu can talk t yur parents. "
【答案】12 C 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一项新研究，研究表明青少年们关注回报，很难学会避免惩罚或者考虑到不同行为的结果。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our study suggests that teens are mre receptive t rewards than they are t punishments f equal value”可知，这个研究表明青少年们对于同样意义的回报和惩罚，更能接受回报而不是惩罚，意在表明青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好，C项切题。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The first was a simple mdel, ne that learned frm rewards, and the secnd mdel added t this by als learning frm the ptin that was nt chsen. The third mdel was the mst cmplete and tk the full cntext int accunt, with equal weight given t punishment avidance and reward seeking.”可知第一个是简单模型，从回报中了解到的。第二个增加了一些从未被选的选择中了解的部分。第三个模型是完全考虑到了惩罚避免和追求回报的等量关系，这部分语境意在表示研究者给了环境不同程度的考虑。B项切题。故选B项。
【14题详解】
词义推测题。根据最后一段中“Our study suggests that teens are mre receptive t rewards than they are t punishments f equal value”，研究表明青少年们对于同样意义的回报和惩罚，更能接受回报而不是惩罚，意在表明青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好。A. accustmed习惯；B. ppsed相反；C. sympathetic同情的；D. respnsive反应积极的。结合句子结构分析和翻译语境可知， D项切合题意。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通过阅读全文可知，本文主旨介绍了一项新研究，研究表明青少年们关注回报，很难学会避免惩罚或者考虑到不同行为的结果。C项意为“如果你提前交作业，你会得到额外奖励”，符合原文关于青少年们关注回报的表述。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项 中有两项为多余选项。
We humans are cmparisn creatures. ____16____ This quality may have evlved as a means f helping us fit int the scial hierarchy (等级) f the cultures we inhabited. Regardless f the reasns, scial cmparisn plays a significant rle in hw we view and evaluate urselves, and hw we interact with ur wrld.
It used t be that ur primary reference f cmparisn was ur lcal cmmunities, primarily neighbrs and c-wrkers. Because we tend t gather arund thse similar t urselves in terms f educatinal level, wrk incme, and shared interests, the range f differences when we cmpared urselves t thers was fairly small. Unfrtunately, with the emergence f the Internet, we can nw cmpare urselves t literally anyne in the wrld. ____17____ What had in previus generatins been a small gap in ur cmparisns has nw becme s large and unattainable.
____18____ When s many peple that are easily discverable n the Internet seem t be s successful. famus, influential and beautiful, given ur preference t cmpare, it is difficult nt t have it influence hw we view urselves. Sadly, these cmparisns usually result in ur feeling inadequate and “less than”.
These harmful cmparisns als damage ur emtinal lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety f unpleasant and unhealthy emtins. We feel jealusy and envy fr what thers have and what we lack. ____19____
It’s ne thing t realize that yu cmpare yurself t thers. It’s anther thing t recgnize that scial cmparisn is ften crrsive (逐步侵蚀的) t yu in s many ways psychlgically and emtinally. It’s an entirely ther thing t stp yurself frm cmparing yurself t thers. ____20____
A. We are cnstantly measuring urselves against ther peple.
B. Yet it is pssible, and it is wrth the effrt fr yur mental health.
C. Thus, we are nw expsed t grups that are quite different frm us.
D. We believe that there is smething wrng with us cmpared t thers.
E. We can even feel bitterness and anger at thers fr the unfairness f it all.
F. Cmparing urselves t thers has the ptential t increase ur life experience.
G. This new level f cmparisn has huge implicatins fr ur psychlgical lives.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类生来喜爱比较，但互联网让人们比较的范围变得更大，对人们的生活也产生了一定影响。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We humans are cmparisn creatures.(我们人类是比较动物)”以及后文“This quality may have evlved as a means f helping us fit int the scial hierarchy (等级) f the cultures we inhabited.(这种品质可能是作为一种帮助我们融入我们所居住的文化的社会等级制度的手段而进化的)”可知，上文提到了人类是比较动物，且后文提到比较这种品质，可知本句主要对比较动物进行展开说明，说明人类爱和别人比较。故A选项“我们总是拿自己和别人比较”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Unfrtunately, with the emergence f the Internet, we can nw cmpare urselves t literally anyne in the wrld.(不幸的是，随着互联网的出现，我们现在可以将自己与世界上的任何人进行比较)”以及后文“What had in previus generatins been a small gap in ur cmparisns has nw becme s large and unattainable.(在我们的比较中，前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，难以企及)”可知，上文提到了互联网让我们可以和世界上的任何人进行比较，且后文提到了前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，说明互联网导致比较的群体发生了变化，C选项“因此，我们现在接触到的群体与我们完全不同”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文内容“When s many peple that are easily discverable n the Internet seem t be s successful. famus, influential and beautiful, given ur preference t cmpare, it is difficult nt t have it influence hw we view urselves. Sadly, these cmparisns usually result in ur feeling inadequate and “less than”.(当这么多在互联网上很容易被发现的人看起来很成功的时候。名气、影响力和美貌，考虑到我们喜欢攀比，很难不影响我们对自己的看法。可悲的是，这些比较通常会导致我们感觉不足和“不如”)”可知，后文提到了互联网的比较影响了我们对自己的看法，导致我们感觉不足和“不如”，说明这种比较对我们的心理产生了影响。故G选项“这种新的比较水平对我们的心理生活有着巨大的影响”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“These harmful cmparisns als damage ur emtinal lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety f unpleasant and unhealthy emtins. We feel jealusy and envy fr what thers have and what we lack.(这些有害的比较也会损害我们的情感生活。当我们感到匮乏时，我们会经历各种不愉快和不健康的情绪。我们对别人所拥有的和我们所缺乏的感到嫉妒和羡慕)”可知，本段的主旨是有害的比较会损害情感生活，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，主要说明对别人的比较产生的一些负面情绪。故E选项“我们甚至会对别人的不公平感到痛苦和愤怒”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“It’s ne thing t realize that yu cmpare yurself t thers. It’s anther thing t recgnize that scial cmparisn is ften crrsive (逐步侵蚀的) t yu in s many ways psychlgically and emtinally. It’s an entirely ther thing t stp yurself frm cmparing yurself t thers.(意识到你和别人比较是一回事。认识到社会比较通常在心理和情感上对你有多方面的腐蚀性是另一回事。阻止自己和别人比较完全是另一回事)”可知，上文提到了阻止自己和别人进行比较是另一回事，本句为本段最后一句，故说明阻止自己和别人比较所带来的影响，故B选项“但这是可能的，而且为了你的心理健康，这是值得的”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A 、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sammie Vance, 14, knws there’s nthing wrse than feeling left ut. Fr years, she’s been helping thse kids make friends. What she has been ding is ____21____ the Buddy Bench prgram. Originally, the idea was that anyne at schl wh was feeling ____22____ culd sit n the “buddy bench”. That let ther kids knw smene needed a friend. The idea quickly ____23____ .
Sammie gt the idea fr the ____24____ at summer camp in 2017. She thught it wuld be ____25____ t have a buddy bench in her schl, s when she gt back, she ____26____ the idea t her headmaster, teachers and her parents.
Getting ____27____ fr the prject was just the first step. “There have been a lt f small ____28____ like mney,” Sammie says. T reduce csts and be ____29____, Sammie decided t make the bench ut f recycled material. S she rallied (号召) her _____30_____ t gather bttle caps.
Wrd f the prject gt ut, and sn Sammie was getting _____31_____ frm peple in brader regins —all 50 states, and in the end she _____32_____ mre than 1, 200 punds. A cmpany called Green Tree Plastics was able t _____33_____ these int three benches.
_____34_____ Sammie helped ther schls acquire benches. She has helped _____35_____ mre than 20 benches t schls and parks by nw. Her _____36_____ f kindness cntinues t spread far and wide. _____37_____ all the kids her prject has helped, Sammie benefits frm it, feeling grateful fr hw it gave her _____38_____ in s many different aspects f life.
“ _____39_____ as sme acts f kindness can be, they can make a significant difference and lead t a chain reactin,” she says. “Yu never _____40_____. Just be kind, in general. ”
21. A. planningB. fundingC. advcatingD. running
22. A. depressedB. lnelyC. srrwfulD. uncmfrtable
23. A. caught nB. came verC. set ffD. gt thrugh
24. A. ambitinB. prgramC. taskD. instructr
25. A. impracticalB. uncmmnC. ppularD. cl
26. A. presentedB. giftedC. tkD. reflected
27. A. apprvalB. prmiseC. adviceD. hpe
28. A. achievementsB. stepsC. challengesD. matters
29. A. eye-catchingB. light-weightedC. gd-lkingD. ec-friendly
30. A. relativesB. friendsC. cmmunityD. gvernment
31. A. mneyB. capsC. benchesD. praise
32. A. madeB. raisedC. cllectedD. saved
33. A. investB. divideC. breakD. make
34. A. Befre lngB. Believe it r ntC. By cntrastD. By the way
35. A. bughtB. brrwedC. dnatedD. delivered
36. A. curageB. gestureC. faithD. lve
37. A. DespiteB. UnlikeC. AmngD. Besides
38. A. hnrsB. lessnsC. attentinD. purpse
39. A. TiringB. SmallC. RegularD. Dull
40. A. knwB. withdrawC. stpD. recall
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sammie Vance创立Buddy Bench项目帮助学校孤独的孩子找朋友，号召社会团体收集瓶盖做了长椅，安排在学校和公园等地，她的善举产生重大影响的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直在做的是经管Buddy Bench项目。A. planning计划；B. funding资助；C. advcating提倡；D. running经营，管理。根据前文“she’s been helping thse kids make friends”和后文“the Buddy Bench prgram”可知，Sammie Vance经管这个项目。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的想法是，任何在学校感到孤独的人都可以坐在“伙伴板凳”上。A. depressed沮丧的；B. lnely孤独的；C. srrwful悲伤的；D. uncmfrtable不舒服的。根据后文“That let ther kids knw smene needed a friend.”可知，她在帮助那些感到孤独的人交朋友。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个想法很快就流行起来了。A. caught n流行；B. came ver发生，顺便来访；C. set ff出发；D. gt thrugh通过，熬过。根据后文“Her ____16____ f kindness cntinues t spread far and wide.”可知，她这个想法很快就流行起来。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sammie在2017年的夏令营中有了这个项目的想法。A. ambitin雄心；B. prgram程序；C. task任务；D. instructr讲师。根据前文“What she has been ding is ____1____ the Buddy Bench prgram.”可知，可知，她在夏令营中有了这个项目的想法。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她认为在她的学校里有一个朋友长凳会很酷，所以当她回来的时候，她向校长、老师和她的父母提出了这个想法。A. impractical不实际的；B. uncmmn不常有的；C. ppular流行的；D. cl妙极的，酷的。根据后文“s when she gt back, she ____6____ the idea t her headmaster, teachers and her parents”可知，她认为学校里有个供大家谈心交友的长凳会很好（酷），所以向校长等人提出这个想法。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. presented提出；B. gifted白给；C. tk拿走；D. reflected反映。根据前文“the idea t her headmaster, teachers and her parents”可知，她向校长等人提出这个想法。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：获得项目批准只是第一步。A. apprval批准；B. prmise承诺；C. advice建议；D. hpe希望。根据语境和后文“just the first step”可知，获得项目批准只是第一步。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们遇到了很多小挑战，比如钱，” Sammie说。A. achievements成就；B. steps步骤；C. challenges挑战；D. matters事情。根据语境和后文“like mney”可知，他们缺钱，遇到困难。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了降低成本和环保，Sammie决定用回收材料制作长凳。A. eye-catching引人注目的；B. light-weighted轻量级的；C. gd-lking好看的；D. ec-friendly环保的。根据后文“Sammie decided t make the bench ut f recycled material.”可知，她回收再利用，有利于环保。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以她召集社会团体收集瓶盖。A. relatives亲戚；B. friends朋友；C. cmmunity社区，社会团体；D. gvernment政府。根据后文“Sammie was getting ____11____ frm peple in brader regins —all 50 states”可知，她召集社会团体收集瓶盖。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目的消息传开了，很快Sammie就从更广泛的地区——所有50个州——那里得到了瓶盖，最后她收集了1200多磅。A. mney钱；B. caps帽子，瓶盖子；C. benches长凳；D. praise赞扬。根据前文“S she rallied (号召) her ____10____ t gather bttle caps.”可知，她号召人们收集瓶盖，所以得到了许多瓶盖。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. made制造；B. raised提高，筹集；C. cllected收集；D. saved节省，储蓄。根据语境和后文“mre than 1, 200 punds”可知，她收集了1200多磅的瓶盖。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一家名为Green Tree Plastics的公司能够将这些塑料制成三张长椅。A. invest投资；B. divide分开；C. break打破；D. make制造。根据前文“these int three benches”可知，那家公司将这些塑料制成三张长椅。make sth int sth“把某物做成某物”是固定搭配，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：不久，Sammie帮助其他学校购置了长椅。A. Befre lng不久；B. Believe it r nt信不信由你；C. By cntrast相比之下；D. By the way顺便说一下。根据语境和后文“Sammie helped ther schls acquire benches”可知，不久，她又帮助其他学校购置了长椅。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，她已经为学校和公园捐赠了20多个长椅。A. bught买；B. brrwed借用；C. dnated捐赠；D. delivered交付。根据前文“What she has been ding is ____1____ the Buddy Bench prgram.”和后文“Her ____16____ f kindness cntinues t spread far and wide.”可知，她为学校和公园捐赠的长椅。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的善举继续广为流传。A. curage勇气；B. gesture姿势，（表明感情或意图的）姿态；C. faith信念；D. lve爱。根据语境和后文“kindness cntinues t spread far and wide”可知，这是Sammie为了这个项目所做的善意的事情和表达出的善良的姿态。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了她的项目帮助了所有的孩子之外，Sammie也从中受益，她感激它在生活的许多不同方面给了她目标。A. Despite尽管；B. Unlike不像；C. Amng在……中间；D. Besides除……之外（还）。根据后文“all the kids her prject has helped, Sammie benefits frm it”可知，除了她的项目帮助了所有的孩子之外，Sammie自己也从中受益。故选D项。
38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. hnrs荣耀；B. lessns功课，教训；C. attentin注意；D. purpse目的。根据语境和后文“____19____ as sme acts f kindness can be, they can make a significant difference and lead t a chain reactin”可知，这个项目在生活的许多方面给了她目标。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“尽管一些善意的举动可能很小，但它们可以产生重大影响，并引发连锁反应。”A. Tiring累人的；B. Small小的；C. Regular定期的；D. Dull迟钝的。根据后文“they can make a significant difference and lead t a chain reactin”和转折的语义可知，尽管是小小的善举，但是意义重大。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你永远不知道。A. knw知道，懂得；B. withdraw撤回；C. stp停止；D. recall回忆起。根据前文“they can make a significant difference and lead t a chain reactin”和后文“Just be kind, in general.”可知，Sammie认为她做的只是小小的善举，并不知道会产生如此重大的影响。故选A项。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节(共10小题;每小题1 . 5分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ramie (苎麻), the main clthing material fr Chinese peple since ancient times, is als knwn as “Chinese grass” in the wrld. The ramie utput in China accunts fr mre than 90% ____41____ f the wrld. The linen (亚麻布) wven with ramie is ____42____ (cnsequence) called “Grass Clth (夏布)”. Since ramie raw material has a thick gum and is irregular in texture, each step f prcedure is ____43____ (pure) manual. In that case, the weavers shuld cmplete mre than a dzen steps befre they finish making the clthes.
Rngchang, lcated in Chngqing. China, is cnsidered as “Hmetwn f Grass Clth”. Right nw, in the spacius exhibitin hall ____44____ (place) ancient pure wden lms (织布机), alng with many grass clth prducts, all lking s dazzling ____45____ the eyes.
In ld times, n a farmhuse ____46____ (engage) in the prductin f grass clth, yu culd always see a busy scene ____47____ wrkers rinsed (清洗) the thin fibers between the ramie skin and the straw, and gt the ramie silk as the raw material f grass clth. Tday, nly sme farmers in Rngchang are making grass clth, mst f them ____48____ (wrk) in family-run wrkshps.
Huang Xiuying, the nly seventh-generatin ____49____ (inherit) f the family business, has carried ut bld innvatin, integrating the aesthetics f the times, and using ppular art design and cultural packaging ____50____ (give) grass clth mre sense f the times.
【答案】41. that
42. cnsequently
43. purely 44. are placed 45. t
46. engaged
47. where 48. wrking
49. inheritr
50. t give
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用苎麻生产夏布这种传统的纺织技术。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：中国苎麻产量占世界总产量的90%以上。空处指代“全世界苎麻的产量”，结合上文“The ramie utput in China”可知，空处为同类异物特指，且utput不可数，应用that，相当于the utput (f the wrld)。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：用苎麻织成的亚麻因此被称为“夏布”。修饰动词called应用所给词的副词形式。故填cnsequently。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于苎麻原料胶厚，质地不规则，所以每一步都是纯手工制作的。结合空后形容词“manual”可知，空处应用副词，修饰形容词。故填purely。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：现在，在宽敞的展厅里摆放着古老的纯木制织机，以及许多草布产品，看起来都很耀眼。分析可知，本句使用地点状语置于句首的完全倒装，句子主语为“ancient pure wden lms (织布机), alng with many grass clth prducts”，空处为句子谓语动词，结合时间状语right nw可知句子应用一般现在时；该句主语和“place”之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，故填are placed。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：现在，在宽敞的展厅里摆放着古老的纯木制织机，以及许多草布产品，看起来都很耀眼。(be) dazzling t the eyes“耀眼”是固定搭配。故填t。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：古时候，在生产夏布的农家总能看到一个忙碌的景象，工人们把麻皮和杆之间的细纤维洗净，得到作为夏布原料的麻丝。分析句子，“ (engage) in the prductin f grass clth”为后置定语，修饰名词“farmhuse”，短语：be engaged in“从事，参与”，所以此处名词“farmhuse”与动词“engage”为被动关系，所以空处用过去分词engaged，故填engaged。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：古时候，在生产夏布的农家总能看到一个忙碌的景象，工人们把麻皮和杆之间的细纤维洗净，得到作为夏布原料的麻丝。空处引导定语从句，代替先行词“scene”在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。
【48题详解】
考查独立主格。句意：如今，荣昌只有一些农民在生产夏布，他们大多在家庭作坊里工作。句中已有谓语动词“are making”且无连词，由此可知，逗号后部分为独立主格作状语；“wrk”和逻辑主语“mst f them”（大多数农民）之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填wrking。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为家族企业唯一的第七代传承人，Huang Xiuying进行了大胆的创新，融合了时代美学，用流行的艺术设计和文化包装赋予夏布更多的时代感。根据句中“Huang Xiuying, the nly seventh-generatin”及“(inherit)f the family business”，可知，此处指“Huang Xiuying是唯一的第七代传承人”，所以空处用名词，指人。inheritr“继承人，后继者”，故填inheritr。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为家族企业唯一的第七代传承人，Huang Xiuying进行了大胆的创新，融合了时代美学，用流行的艺术设计和文化包装赋予夏布更多的时代感。句中已有谓语动词“has carried ut”且无连词，故空处填非谓语动词；结合句意可知，融合了时代美学，用流行的艺术设计和文化包装的目的是给夏布更多的时代感，因此空处填不定式作目的状语。故填t give。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday I stepped int a restaurant fr lunch. As I was waiting my rder t cme, I nticed the ld man in a wheelchair rll himself ver t a table. N ne and me seemed t ntice him. I gt up and g ver t his table and asked if that I culd get him smething t drink. He smiled and said, “Thank yu. Yu are generusly. I’d like any range juice, please.” When I was getting ready t leave, I walked by the ld man’s table t saying gdbye. He thanked me again and tld me I had made his days, cming ver and helping him ut. I gave him a hug and tld him he had made my day, either.
【答案】1. waiting后面加fr
2. the→an
3. besides→except/ but
4. g→went
5. 去掉if后面的that
6. generusly→generus
7. any→sme
8. saying→say
9. days→day
10. either→t
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。昨天作者走进一家餐馆吃午饭。他帮助了一位坐轮椅的老人，作者的帮忙不仅让老人很开心，也让自己很开心。
【详解】1. 考查动词短语。固定用法wait fr sb./ sth.“等待某人或某事”。故waiting后面加fr。
2. 考查冠词。此处第一次出现，表示泛指，ld是以元音音素开头的词，应使用不定冠词an。故the→ an。
3. 考查介词。句意：除了我似乎没有人注意到他。besides“除了”，包括宾语在内，根据句意可知，此处应使用except或but。故besides改为except/ but。
4. 考查动词时态。此处与gt up是并列谓语，应使用一般过去时。故g改为went。
5. 考查宾语从句。此处询问“是否我可以给他弄些饮料”，if引导宾语从句，that明显多余。故去掉if后面的that。
6. 考查形容词。句意：他笑着说，“谢谢，你很慷慨。请给我一些橙汁把。”此处是主系表结构，应使用形容词作表语。故generusly改为generus。
7. 考查不定代词。句意：他笑着说，“谢谢，你很慷慨。请给我一些橙汁吧。”在肯定句中sme表示一些；否定句中，用any。故any改为sme。
8. 考查动词不定式。句意：当我准备离开时，我走到老人的桌前和他告别。此处用不定式表目的。故saying改为say。
9. 考查固定短语。固定短语：make ne’s day“让某人高兴”。故days改为day。
10. 考查副词。either用于否定句表示“也”，t用于肯定句。故either改为t。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你正在做一个问卷调查，以了解中英高中生在未来大学专业选择上的差异。请你用英文给英国好友Eric写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动目的;
2. 问卷内容;
3. 请求答卷并转发。
注意：
1. 词数为100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Dear Eric,
I’m currently researching the differences in university majr preferences between British and Chinese students. Culd yu please take a mment t fill ut my questinnaire?
With the aim t identify the mst ppular majrs bth in China and the UK, explre the decisin-making factrs and guidance surces fr students, the questinnaire includes the fllwing three questins — What are yur tp three favrite majrs? Frm which aspect f the majr wuld yu cnsider? Wh wuld yu turn t when chsing a majr?
It’d be highly appreciated if yu culd frward the survey t yur friends and fellw students. Thank yu fr cnsidering my request and attached is the questinnaire. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Eric写封邮件，“以了解中英高中生在未来大学专业选择上的差异”为主题做一个问卷调查。
【详解】1.词汇积累
差异：difference→diversity
目的：aim→gal
因素：factr→element
选择：chse→g fr
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Culd yu please take a mment t fill ut my questinnaire?
拓展句：I wuld appreciate it if yu culd please take a mment t fill ut my questinnaire.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Wh wuld yu turn t when chsing a majr? (运用了状语从句的省略)
【高分句型2】Thank yu fr cnsidering my request and attached is the questinnaire.（运用了全部倒装）
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上所对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What wuld the wman like t d?
A. Help smene type papers. B. Have the papers checked. C. G ver the papers herself.
2. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A psitin. B. A weekend plan. C. The man’s cmpany.
3. Where will the wman g this afternn?
A. An ffice party. B. An pera huse. C. A shpping mall.
4. What des the wman prefer t d?
A. Wrk ut alne. B. Exercise with smene. C. Eat breakfast at the cafe.
5. What des the wman like mst abut the city?
A. The parks. B. The ld buildings. C. The French restaurant.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw des the man feel abut his majr?
A. Uninterested. B. Inspired. C. Cnfused.
7. What des the man want t d after graduatin? 您看到的资料都源自我们平台，20多万份最新小初高试卷，家威鑫 MXSJ663 免费下载 A. Becme a lawyer. B. Study further in Mexic. C. Start his wn business.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where can the wman visit sme relatives?
A. In Califrnia. B. In Puert Ric. C. In San Francisc.
9. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Mther and sn. B. Husband and wife. C. Brther and sister.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why des the wman express thanks t the man?
A. He’ll drive her hme. B. He’ll shp with her. C. He’ll entertain her friends.
11. What’s the advantage f a cnvenience stre fr the man?
A. Lnger business hurs. B. The lwer price. C. Much mre selectin.
12. What will the wman d next?
A. Eat hamburgers. B. Stay at the cash cunter. C. Cmpare different brands.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What happened t the wman at the beginning?
A. She lst her phne. B. She culdn’t find the way. C. She was trapped in heavy snw.
14. Why did the wman turn ff the engine?
A. The car was running ut f gas.
B. She stpped t answer a call.
C. The engine culdn’t wrk prperly.
15. Hw did the wman keep warm?
A. By drinking ht tea. B. By using the car heater. C. By having mre clthes n.
16. What did the emergency services d?
A. They called an ambulance.
B. They led the wman t her hme.
C. They helped the wman g t the main rad.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When is Sweetest Day?
A. The secnd Saturday in Octber.
B. The third Sunday in Octber.
C. The third Saturday in Octber.
18. What is the purpse f Sweetest Day?
A. T make friends. B. T make smene happy. C. T make cities mre beautiful.
19. Wh did the Cleveland man help?
A. His friends and relatives. B. The aged and his neighbrs. C. The city’s rphans and patients.
20. Hw did the Cleveland man start Sweetest Day?
A. By ffering hugs. B. By giving away small gifts. C. By distributing sme cash.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Open Days at the University f Warwick
We’d lve t meet yu. Find ut what Warwick’s all abut. We will have a huge range f activities t chse frm, t give yu a deeper insight int student life here.
Accmmdatin
Get a sense f what it will be like t live n ur fabulus campus. Our accmmdatin trails will guide yu t residences which will be pen fr yu t lk arund frm 10:00 a. m.-4:00 p. m. Many f ur current students will als be pening their rms fr viewing and happy t share their experiences f living n campus.
Academic Talks
Learn mre abut ur curses by attending department sessins, and speaking t ur academics and current students wh will cntribute t yur student experience at the Infrmatin Fair frm 9:30 a. m.-4:00 p. m. We’d particularly recmmend bking nt ur“Why Warwick?“ sessin. It is ppular s make sure yu reserve yur place.
Sprts and Scieties
Visit ur Sprts and Scieties Fair t chat t students frm a variety f clubs and scieties, wh’ll talk t yu abut all the exciting experiences and activities utside f study, and start yur thinking abut what clubs and scieties yu might like t jin as a student.
Campus Turs
Head ver t ur campus tur tents, where ur friendly student ambassadrs will be ready t take yu n a guided tur frm 9:15 a. m.-4:00 p. m. Visit ur central campus sites, including the Warwick Arts Centre t see what yu culd get invlved in.
Click n the bxes belw t find ut mre abut ur Open Days and find the answers t sme f ur frequently answered questins. Once yu have bked, we will send yu mre detailed infrmatin, t help yu prepare fr the day.
1. Where can yu get t knw abut the curses at Warwick?
A. Accmmdatin Trails.B. The Infrmatin Fair.
C. The Sprts and Scieties Fair.D. Campus Turs.
2. What can yu expect t d n the day?
A. T experience living n campus.B. T make a reservatin fr a curse.
C. T learn abut extracurricular activities.D. T appreciate artwrks n campus by yurself.
3. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A A website.B. A jurnal.
C. A guidebk.D. An advertisement.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了华威大学的开放日的一些活动情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Learn mre abut ur curses by attending department sessins, and speaking t ur academics and current students wh will cntribute t yur student experience at the Infrmatin Fair frm 9:30 a. m.-4:00 p. m.(你可以通过参加部门会议，并与我们的学者和在读学生交谈来了解我们的课程，他们将在上午9:30 -下午4:00的信息博览会上为您的学生体验做出贡献。)”可知，你可以从信息交易会了解华威大学的课程。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Visit ur Sprts and Scieties Fair t chat t students frm a variety f clubs and scieties, wh’ll talk t yu abut all the exciting experiences and activities utside f study, and start yur thinking abut what clubs and scieties yu might like t jin as a student.(参观我们的体育和社团博览会，与来自各种俱乐部和社团的学生聊天，他们会和你谈论学习之外的所有令人兴奋的经历和活动，并开始思考你作为学生可能想加入的俱乐部和社团。)”可知，你能在那天了解一些课外活动。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Click n the bxes belw t find ut mre abut ur Open Days and find the answers t sme f ur frequently answered questins.(点击下面的方框，了解更多关于我们开放日的信息，并找到一些常见问题的答案。)”可推知，文章可能选自网站。故选A。
B
In my early teens, I was nce given a film camera as a gift. On receiving it, I jumped n my bike, headed t Wimbledn Cmmn and tk phts, just fr me: phts f trees and wildlife. I was ut all day. On my way hme I sptted a tree lit up by street lighting and tried t capture its splendur. Rushing hme, I ppped the spent film in a special little envelpe and sent it ff t a phtgraphy stre, desperate t see hw it came ut. I tk many phts then and lved the fact that when yu prcessed yur film yu gt back clur phts which frze the precius mments, gently encuraging the hbby and the payments fr prcessing.
As I grew int adulthd, that simple, deep happiness gradually faded away. One weekend when I was busy answering the wrk calls, my eyes caught a bx in the crner f the rm. I suddenly felt a sense f sadness. The stress grwing ver these years had pushed the camera frm beside my pillw t the bx in the crner. I thught I needed a change.
I tk ut the camera and dusted it dwn. It was a great jy that it still wrked. I bught new film and tk the camera everywhere I went. Nw it is always n hand t accmpany me n jurneys, t allw me time t myself. Even if the day is full and busy, I can seize sme mments fr myself t take phts, t bserve the wrld arund me.
The wall f my rm nw hlds all my camera equipment alng with phts I’ve taken. T me, the rm represents hw I’ve fund happiness: by recnnecting t the yunger part f myself I laid aside, by allwing rm in my life fr pleasure t exist, and by creating an envirnment that allws pprtunities fr delight.
4. What did the authr think f taking phts as a yung by?
A. Inspiring and practical.B. Trublesme yet delightful.
C. Cmplicated yet engaging.D. Thrilling and rewarding.
5. What prevented the authr frm taking phts accrding t paragraph 2?
A. He was struck by sudden srrw.
B. He was faced with increasing pressure.
C He intended t fcus n his wrk
D. He attempted t behave like an adult.
6. What did the authr get frm picking up his hbby?
A. Mre enjyment in the daily rutine.B. New jurneys in the wild.
C. Better skills f bservatin.D. Different styles f phtgraphy.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Revisiting Lst Childhd Memries
B. Appreciating Beauty Behind the Lens
C. Regaining Pleasure Thrugh Phtgraphy
D. Escaping Teenage Sadness with Camera
【答案】4 D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候很喜欢拍照，后来作者的压力越来越大，这使得他放弃了拍照，偶然间作者看到了角落里的照相机，作者重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“I tk many phts then and lved the fact that when yu prcessed yur film yu gt back clur phts which frze the precius mments, gently encuraging the hbby and the payments fr prcessing. (那时我拍了很多照片，当你冲洗你的胶卷时，你会得到彩色照片，这一事实让我很高兴，它冻结了那些珍贵的时刻，温柔地鼓励了我的爱好和为冲洗而支付的费用。)”可推断，对于作者小时候拍照这件事，作者觉得这是令人兴奋且值得的。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The stress grwing ver these years had pushed the camera frm beside my pillw t the bx in the crner. (这些年来不断增长的压力把相机从我的枕头旁推到了角落里的盒子里。)”可知，作者面临的压力越来越大，这使得作者停止了拍照。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Even if the day is full and busy, I can seize sme mments fr myself t take phts, t bserve the wrld arund me. (即使一天很满很忙，我也能抓住一些时间给自己拍照，观察周围的世界。)”和第四段中的“T me, the rm represents hw I’ve fund happiness: by recnnecting t the yunger part f myself I laid aside, by allwing rm in my life fr pleasure t exist, and by creating an envirnment that allws pprtunities fr delight.(对我来说，这个房间代表了我是如何找到幸福的：通过重新连接我搁置的年轻的自己，通过在我的生活中为快乐留出空间，通过创造一个允许快乐机会的环境。)”可知，作者通过重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“T me, the rm represents hw I’ve fund happiness: by recnnecting t the yunger part f myself I laid aside, by allwing rm in my life fr pleasure t exist, and by creating an envirnment that allws pprtunities fr delight. (对我来说，这个房间代表了我是如何找到幸福的：通过重新连接我搁置的年轻的自己，通过在我的生活中为快乐留出空间，通过创造一个允许快乐机会的环境。)”可知，文章讲述了作者小时候很喜欢拍照，后来作者的压力越来越大，这使得他放弃了拍照，偶然间作者看到了角落里的照相机，作者重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。所以C项“Regaining Pleasure Thrugh Phtgraphy(通过摄影重新获得乐趣)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
C
Scientists have shwn hw plants can prtect themselves against genetic (基因的) damage caused by envirnmental stresses. The grwing tips f plant rts and shts have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, aviding passing n faulty DNA.
Plants have small ppulatins f stem cells (干细胞) at the tips f their rts and shts, which enable them t cntinuusly grw and prduce new tissues thrughut their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestrs fr plant tissues and rgans. Hwever, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will cntinue t exist and be passed n permanently thrughut the plant’s life, which culd last thusands f years.
Given the critical rle f stem cells and their expsure t ptentially dangerus envirnments at the grwing tips f rts and shts, safeguards are necessary t prevent stem cell faults frm becming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Rbert Sablwski, funded by the Bitechnlgy and Bilgical Sciences Research Cuncil, aimed t uncver these prtective mechanisms. Thrugh experiments invlving X-rays and chemicals, they discvered that stem cells were mre sensitive t DNA damage cmpared t ther cells.
When DNA damage ccurs, the cells have the capacity t detect it and cause prgrammed cells t die, preventing the prpagatin f the damaged genetic cde t the rest f the plant tissues. This prcess has similarities t the safeguard mechanism fund in animal cells, which has been bradly studied due t its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identificatin f a similar prtective system in plants is f great interest in the field f plant develpment. It als helps scientists develp plants that can better handle envirnmental stress. S knwledge f hw plants deal with these stresses is f fundamental significance t agricultural science’s respnse t climate change.
8. What is the functin f the in-built mechanism in plants?
A. T prduce mre rts and shts.B. T increase the verall lifetime f the plant.
C. T enhance plant grwth and nutrient intake.D. T stp genetic faults in stem cells passing n.
9. What can we knw abut stem cells in plants accrding t the text?
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.B. They are resistant t envirnmental stresses.
C. They make quick respnse t DNA damage.D. They have the ability t repair damaged DNA.
10. What des the underlined wrd “prpagatin” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Spread.B. Change.C. Existence.D. Self-repair.
11. What des the last paragraph fcus n?
A. The way f dealing with climate change n the earth.
B. The significance f identifying the prtective system in plants.
C. The methd f ensuring plant survival under envirnmental stress.
D. The urgency f develping plants that can handle envirnmental stress.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经展示了植物如何保护自己免受环境压力造成的遗传损害，即植物拥有内建机制，来阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The grwing tips f plant rts and shts have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, aviding passing n faulty DNA.(植物的根和芽的生长尖端有一个内置的机制，如果检测到DNA损伤，就会导致细胞死亡，从而避免将有缺陷的DNA传递给下一代)”可知，植物内建机制的功能是阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Thrugh experiments invlving X-rays and chemicals, they discvered that stem cells were mre sensitive t DNA damage cmpared t ther cells.(通过涉及x射线和化学物质的实验，他们发现干细胞比其他细胞对DNA损伤更敏感)”可知，植物中的干细胞对DNA损伤做出快速反应。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When DNA damage ccurs, the cells have the capacity t detect it and cause prgrammed cells t die, preventing the”以及后文“f the damaged genetic cde t the rest f the plant tissues”可知，当DNA受损时，细胞有能力检测到它，并导致程序化细胞死亡，防止受损的遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分。故划线词意思是“传播”。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The identificatin f a similar prtective system in plants is f great interest in the field f plant develpment. It als helps scientists develp plants that can better handle envirnmental stress. S knwledge f hw plants deal with these stresses is f fundamental significance t agricultural science’s respnse t climate change.(在植物中发现类似的保护系统在植物发育领域具有重要意义。它还帮助科学家培育出能够更好地应对环境压力的植物。因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力对农业科学应对气候变化具有重要意义)”可知，最后一段的重点是识别植物保护系统的意义。故选B。
D
Accrding t a new study， teens fcus n rewards and have a hard time learning t avid punishment r cnsider the cnsequences f alternative actins.
University Cllege Lndn researchers cmpared hw teens and adults learn t make chices based n the available infrmatin. They tracked the way in which 18 vlunteers aged 12-17 and 20 vlunteers aged 18-32 cmpleted tasks in which they had t chse between abstract symbls.
Each symbl was cnsistently assciated with a fixed chance f a reward, punishment, r n utcme. As the trial prgressed ， participants learned which symbls were likely t lead t each utcme and adjusted their chices accrdingly. Teens and adults were equally gd at learning t chse symbls assciated with reward， but teens were less gd at aviding symbls assciated with punishment. Adults als perfrmed significantly better when they were tld what wuld have happened if they had chsen the ther symbl after each chice， while teens did nt appear t take this infrmatin int accunt.
“Frm this experimental lab study we can draw cnclusins abut learning during the teen years. We find that teens and adults learn in different ways， smething that might be relevant t educatin," said lead authr Dr. Stefan Palminteri. " Unlike adults, teens are nt s gd at learning t adjust their chices t avid punishment. This suggests that incentive systems based n reward rather than punishment may be mre effective fr this age grup. Additinally, we fund that teens did nt learn frm being shwn what wuld have happened if they made alternative chices."
T interpret the results, the researchers develped cmputatinal mdels f learning and ran simulatins （模拟）applying them t the results f the study. The first was a simple mdel, ne that learned frm rewards, and the secnd mdel added t this by als learning frm the ptin that was nt chsen. The third mdel was the mst cmplete and tk the full cntext int accunt, with equal weight given t punishment avidance and reward seeking. Fr example, btaining n utcme rather than lsing a pint is weighted equally t gaining a pint rather than having n utcme.
Cmparing the experimental data t the mdels, the team fund that teens" behavir fllwed the simple reward-based mdel while adults" behavir matched the cmplete, cntextual mdel. “Our study suggests that teens are mre receptive t rewards than they are t punishments f equal value, ” said senir authr Dr. Sarah-Jayne Blakemre. “As a result, it may be useful fr parents and teachers t frame things in mre psitive terms.”
12. It can be learned frm the study that .
A. adults made chices faster than teens
B. adults understd rewards better than teens
C. teens reacted better t reward than punishment
D. teens were aware f the utcme f each chice
13. What d we knw abut the three cmputatinal mdels?
A. They reflected peple’s strng desire fr punishment avidance.
B. They gave circumstances different degrees f cnsideratin.
C. They paid equal attentin t reward and punishment.
D. They shaped the behavir f peple at different ages.
14. The underlined wrd “receptive" in the last paragraph prbably means .
A. accustmedB. ppsed
C. sympatheticD. respnsive
15. Accrding t the writer, which f the fllwing statements wrks best fr teens?
A. “If yu insist n ding things in this way， yu will lse ten pints. "
B. “If we had talked abut this earlier， yu wuldn’t have made the mistake. "
C. “ If yu hand in yur assignment ahead f time， yu will get an extra bnus."
D. “If yu want t apprach a prblem differently ， yu can talk t yur parents. "
【答案】12 C 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一项新研究，研究表明青少年们关注回报，很难学会避免惩罚或者考虑到不同行为的结果。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our study suggests that teens are mre receptive t rewards than they are t punishments f equal value”可知，这个研究表明青少年们对于同样意义的回报和惩罚，更能接受回报而不是惩罚，意在表明青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好，C项切题。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The first was a simple mdel, ne that learned frm rewards, and the secnd mdel added t this by als learning frm the ptin that was nt chsen. The third mdel was the mst cmplete and tk the full cntext int accunt, with equal weight given t punishment avidance and reward seeking.”可知第一个是简单模型，从回报中了解到的。第二个增加了一些从未被选的选择中了解的部分。第三个模型是完全考虑到了惩罚避免和追求回报的等量关系，这部分语境意在表示研究者给了环境不同程度的考虑。B项切题。故选B项。
【14题详解】
词义推测题。根据最后一段中“Our study suggests that teens are mre receptive t rewards than they are t punishments f equal value”，研究表明青少年们对于同样意义的回报和惩罚，更能接受回报而不是惩罚，意在表明青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好。A. accustmed习惯；B. ppsed相反；C. sympathetic同情的；D. respnsive反应积极的。结合句子结构分析和翻译语境可知， D项切合题意。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通过阅读全文可知，本文主旨介绍了一项新研究，研究表明青少年们关注回报，很难学会避免惩罚或者考虑到不同行为的结果。C项意为“如果你提前交作业，你会得到额外奖励”，符合原文关于青少年们关注回报的表述。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项 中有两项为多余选项。
We humans are cmparisn creatures. ____16____ This quality may have evlved as a means f helping us fit int the scial hierarchy (等级) f the cultures we inhabited. Regardless f the reasns, scial cmparisn plays a significant rle in hw we view and evaluate urselves, and hw we interact with ur wrld.
It used t be that ur primary reference f cmparisn was ur lcal cmmunities, primarily neighbrs and c-wrkers. Because we tend t gather arund thse similar t urselves in terms f educatinal level, wrk incme, and shared interests, the range f differences when we cmpared urselves t thers was fairly small. Unfrtunately, with the emergence f the Internet, we can nw cmpare urselves t literally anyne in the wrld. ____17____ What had in previus generatins been a small gap in ur cmparisns has nw becme s large and unattainable.
____18____ When s many peple that are easily discverable n the Internet seem t be s successful. famus, influential and beautiful, given ur preference t cmpare, it is difficult nt t have it influence hw we view urselves. Sadly, these cmparisns usually result in ur feeling inadequate and “less than”.
These harmful cmparisns als damage ur emtinal lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety f unpleasant and unhealthy emtins. We feel jealusy and envy fr what thers have and what we lack. ____19____
It’s ne thing t realize that yu cmpare yurself t thers. It’s anther thing t recgnize that scial cmparisn is ften crrsive (逐步侵蚀的) t yu in s many ways psychlgically and emtinally. It’s an entirely ther thing t stp yurself frm cmparing yurself t thers. ____20____
A. We are cnstantly measuring urselves against ther peple.
B. Yet it is pssible, and it is wrth the effrt fr yur mental health.
C. Thus, we are nw expsed t grups that are quite different frm us.
D. We believe that there is smething wrng with us cmpared t thers.
E. We can even feel bitterness and anger at thers fr the unfairness f it all.
F. Cmparing urselves t thers has the ptential t increase ur life experience.
G. This new level f cmparisn has huge implicatins fr ur psychlgical lives.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类生来喜爱比较，但互联网让人们比较的范围变得更大，对人们的生活也产生了一定影响。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We humans are cmparisn creatures.(我们人类是比较动物)”以及后文“This quality may have evlved as a means f helping us fit int the scial hierarchy (等级) f the cultures we inhabited.(这种品质可能是作为一种帮助我们融入我们所居住的文化的社会等级制度的手段而进化的)”可知，上文提到了人类是比较动物，且后文提到比较这种品质，可知本句主要对比较动物进行展开说明，说明人类爱和别人比较。故A选项“我们总是拿自己和别人比较”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Unfrtunately, with the emergence f the Internet, we can nw cmpare urselves t literally anyne in the wrld.(不幸的是，随着互联网的出现，我们现在可以将自己与世界上的任何人进行比较)”以及后文“What had in previus generatins been a small gap in ur cmparisns has nw becme s large and unattainable.(在我们的比较中，前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，难以企及)”可知，上文提到了互联网让我们可以和世界上的任何人进行比较，且后文提到了前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，说明互联网导致比较的群体发生了变化，C选项“因此，我们现在接触到的群体与我们完全不同”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文内容“When s many peple that are easily discverable n the Internet seem t be s successful. famus, influential and beautiful, given ur preference t cmpare, it is difficult nt t have it influence hw we view urselves. Sadly, these cmparisns usually result in ur feeling inadequate and “less than”.(当这么多在互联网上很容易被发现的人看起来很成功的时候。名气、影响力和美貌，考虑到我们喜欢攀比，很难不影响我们对自己的看法。可悲的是，这些比较通常会导致我们感觉不足和“不如”)”可知，后文提到了互联网的比较影响了我们对自己的看法，导致我们感觉不足和“不如”，说明这种比较对我们的心理产生了影响。故G选项“这种新的比较水平对我们的心理生活有着巨大的影响”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“These harmful cmparisns als damage ur emtinal lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety f unpleasant and unhealthy emtins. We feel jealusy and envy fr what thers have and what we lack.(这些有害的比较也会损害我们的情感生活。当我们感到匮乏时，我们会经历各种不愉快和不健康的情绪。我们对别人所拥有的和我们所缺乏的感到嫉妒和羡慕)”可知，本段的主旨是有害的比较会损害情感生活，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，主要说明对别人的比较产生的一些负面情绪。故E选项“我们甚至会对别人的不公平感到痛苦和愤怒”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“It’s ne thing t realize that yu cmpare yurself t thers. It’s anther thing t recgnize that scial cmparisn is ften crrsive (逐步侵蚀的) t yu in s many ways psychlgically and emtinally. It’s an entirely ther thing t stp yurself frm cmparing yurself t thers.(意识到你和别人比较是一回事。认识到社会比较通常在心理和情感上对你有多方面的腐蚀性是另一回事。阻止自己和别人比较完全是另一回事)”可知，上文提到了阻止自己和别人进行比较是另一回事，本句为本段最后一句，故说明阻止自己和别人比较所带来的影响，故B选项“但这是可能的，而且为了你的心理健康，这是值得的”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A 、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sammie Vance, 14, knws there’s nthing wrse than feeling left ut. Fr years, she’s been helping thse kids make friends. What she has been ding is ____21____ the Buddy Bench prgram. Originally, the idea was that anyne at schl wh was feeling ____22____ culd sit n the “buddy bench”. That let ther kids knw smene needed a friend. The idea quickly ____23____ .
Sammie gt the idea fr the ____24____ at summer camp in 2017. She thught it wuld be ____25____ t have a buddy bench in her schl, s when she gt back, she ____26____ the idea t her headmaster, teachers and her parents.
Getting ____27____ fr the prject was just the first step. “There have been a lt f small ____28____ like mney,” Sammie says. T reduce csts and be ____29____, Sammie decided t make the bench ut f recycled material. S she rallied (号召) her _____30_____ t gather bttle caps.
Wrd f the prject gt ut, and sn Sammie was getting _____31_____ frm peple in brader regins —all 50 states, and in the end she _____32_____ mre than 1, 200 punds. A cmpany called Green Tree Plastics was able t _____33_____ these int three benches.
_____34_____ Sammie helped ther schls acquire benches. She has helped _____35_____ mre than 20 benches t schls and parks by nw. Her _____36_____ f kindness cntinues t spread far and wide. _____37_____ all the kids her prject has helped, Sammie benefits frm it, feeling grateful fr hw it gave her _____38_____ in s many different aspects f life.
“ _____39_____ as sme acts f kindness can be, they can make a significant difference and lead t a chain reactin,” she says. “Yu never _____40_____. Just be kind, in general. ”
21. A. planningB. fundingC. advcatingD. running
22. A. depressedB. lnelyC. srrwfulD. uncmfrtable
23. A. caught nB. came verC. set ffD. gt thrugh
24. A. ambitinB. prgramC. taskD. instructr
25. A. impracticalB. uncmmnC. ppularD. cl
26. A. presentedB. giftedC. tkD. reflected
27. A. apprvalB. prmiseC. adviceD. hpe
28. A. achievementsB. stepsC. challengesD. matters
29. A. eye-catchingB. light-weightedC. gd-lkingD. ec-friendly
30. A. relativesB. friendsC. cmmunityD. gvernment
31. A. mneyB. capsC. benchesD. praise
32. A. madeB. raisedC. cllectedD. saved
33. A. investB. divideC. breakD. make
34. A. Befre lngB. Believe it r ntC. By cntrastD. By the way
35. A. bughtB. brrwedC. dnatedD. delivered
36. A. curageB. gestureC. faithD. lve
37. A. DespiteB. UnlikeC. AmngD. Besides
38. A. hnrsB. lessnsC. attentinD. purpse
39. A. TiringB. SmallC. RegularD. Dull
40. A. knwB. withdrawC. stpD. recall
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sammie Vance创立Buddy Bench项目帮助学校孤独的孩子找朋友，号召社会团体收集瓶盖做了长椅，安排在学校和公园等地，她的善举产生重大影响的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直在做的是经管Buddy Bench项目。A. planning计划；B. funding资助；C. advcating提倡；D. running经营，管理。根据前文“she’s been helping thse kids make friends”和后文“the Buddy Bench prgram”可知，Sammie Vance经管这个项目。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的想法是，任何在学校感到孤独的人都可以坐在“伙伴板凳”上。A. depressed沮丧的；B. lnely孤独的；C. srrwful悲伤的；D. uncmfrtable不舒服的。根据后文“That let ther kids knw smene needed a friend.”可知，她在帮助那些感到孤独的人交朋友。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个想法很快就流行起来了。A. caught n流行；B. came ver发生，顺便来访；C. set ff出发；D. gt thrugh通过，熬过。根据后文“Her ____16____ f kindness cntinues t spread far and wide.”可知，她这个想法很快就流行起来。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sammie在2017年的夏令营中有了这个项目的想法。A. ambitin雄心；B. prgram程序；C. task任务；D. instructr讲师。根据前文“What she has been ding is ____1____ the Buddy Bench prgram.”可知，可知，她在夏令营中有了这个项目的想法。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她认为在她的学校里有一个朋友长凳会很酷，所以当她回来的时候，她向校长、老师和她的父母提出了这个想法。A. impractical不实际的；B. uncmmn不常有的；C. ppular流行的；D. cl妙极的，酷的。根据后文“s when she gt back, she ____6____ the idea t her headmaster, teachers and her parents”可知，她认为学校里有个供大家谈心交友的长凳会很好（酷），所以向校长等人提出这个想法。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. presented提出；B. gifted白给；C. tk拿走；D. reflected反映。根据前文“the idea t her headmaster, teachers and her parents”可知，她向校长等人提出这个想法。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：获得项目批准只是第一步。A. apprval批准；B. prmise承诺；C. advice建议；D. hpe希望。根据语境和后文“just the first step”可知，获得项目批准只是第一步。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们遇到了很多小挑战，比如钱，” Sammie说。A. achievements成就；B. steps步骤；C. challenges挑战；D. matters事情。根据语境和后文“like mney”可知，他们缺钱，遇到困难。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了降低成本和环保，Sammie决定用回收材料制作长凳。A. eye-catching引人注目的；B. light-weighted轻量级的；C. gd-lking好看的；D. ec-friendly环保的。根据后文“Sammie decided t make the bench ut f recycled material.”可知，她回收再利用，有利于环保。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以她召集社会团体收集瓶盖。A. relatives亲戚；B. friends朋友；C. cmmunity社区，社会团体；D. gvernment政府。根据后文“Sammie was getting ____11____ frm peple in brader regins —all 50 states”可知，她召集社会团体收集瓶盖。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目的消息传开了，很快Sammie就从更广泛的地区——所有50个州——那里得到了瓶盖，最后她收集了1200多磅。A. mney钱；B. caps帽子，瓶盖子；C. benches长凳；D. praise赞扬。根据前文“S she rallied (号召) her ____10____ t gather bttle caps.”可知，她号召人们收集瓶盖，所以得到了许多瓶盖。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. made制造；B. raised提高，筹集；C. cllected收集；D. saved节省，储蓄。根据语境和后文“mre than 1, 200 punds”可知，她收集了1200多磅的瓶盖。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一家名为Green Tree Plastics的公司能够将这些塑料制成三张长椅。A. invest投资；B. divide分开；C. break打破；D. make制造。根据前文“these int three benches”可知，那家公司将这些塑料制成三张长椅。make sth int sth“把某物做成某物”是固定搭配，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：不久，Sammie帮助其他学校购置了长椅。A. Befre lng不久；B. Believe it r nt信不信由你；C. By cntrast相比之下；D. By the way顺便说一下。根据语境和后文“Sammie helped ther schls acquire benches”可知，不久，她又帮助其他学校购置了长椅。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，她已经为学校和公园捐赠了20多个长椅。A. bught买；B. brrwed借用；C. dnated捐赠；D. delivered交付。根据前文“What she has been ding is ____1____ the Buddy Bench prgram.”和后文“Her ____16____ f kindness cntinues t spread far and wide.”可知，她为学校和公园捐赠的长椅。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的善举继续广为流传。A. curage勇气；B. gesture姿势，（表明感情或意图的）姿态；C. faith信念；D. lve爱。根据语境和后文“kindness cntinues t spread far and wide”可知，这是Sammie为了这个项目所做的善意的事情和表达出的善良的姿态。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了她的项目帮助了所有的孩子之外，Sammie也从中受益，她感激它在生活的许多不同方面给了她目标。A. Despite尽管；B. Unlike不像；C. Amng在……中间；D. Besides除……之外（还）。根据后文“all the kids her prject has helped, Sammie benefits frm it”可知，除了她的项目帮助了所有的孩子之外，Sammie自己也从中受益。故选D项。
38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. hnrs荣耀；B. lessns功课，教训；C. attentin注意；D. purpse目的。根据语境和后文“____19____ as sme acts f kindness can be, they can make a significant difference and lead t a chain reactin”可知，这个项目在生活的许多方面给了她目标。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“尽管一些善意的举动可能很小，但它们可以产生重大影响，并引发连锁反应。”A. Tiring累人的；B. Small小的；C. Regular定期的；D. Dull迟钝的。根据后文“they can make a significant difference and lead t a chain reactin”和转折的语义可知，尽管是小小的善举，但是意义重大。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你永远不知道。A. knw知道，懂得；B. withdraw撤回；C. stp停止；D. recall回忆起。根据前文“they can make a significant difference and lead t a chain reactin”和后文“Just be kind, in general.”可知，Sammie认为她做的只是小小的善举，并不知道会产生如此重大的影响。故选A项。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节(共10小题;每小题1 . 5分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ramie (苎麻), the main clthing material fr Chinese peple since ancient times, is als knwn as “Chinese grass” in the wrld. The ramie utput in China accunts fr mre than 90% ____41____ f the wrld. The linen (亚麻布) wven with ramie is ____42____ (cnsequence) called “Grass Clth (夏布)”. Since ramie raw material has a thick gum and is irregular in texture, each step f prcedure is ____43____ (pure) manual. In that case, the weavers shuld cmplete mre than a dzen steps befre they finish making the clthes.
Rngchang, lcated in Chngqing. China, is cnsidered as “Hmetwn f Grass Clth”. Right nw, in the spacius exhibitin hall ____44____ (place) ancient pure wden lms (织布机), alng with many grass clth prducts, all lking s dazzling ____45____ the eyes.
In ld times, n a farmhuse ____46____ (engage) in the prductin f grass clth, yu culd always see a busy scene ____47____ wrkers rinsed (清洗) the thin fibers between the ramie skin and the straw, and gt the ramie silk as the raw material f grass clth. Tday, nly sme farmers in Rngchang are making grass clth, mst f them ____48____ (wrk) in family-run wrkshps.
Huang Xiuying, the nly seventh-generatin ____49____ (inherit) f the family business, has carried ut bld innvatin, integrating the aesthetics f the times, and using ppular art design and cultural packaging ____50____ (give) grass clth mre sense f the times.
【答案】41. that
42. cnsequently
43. purely 44. are placed 45. t
46. engaged
47. where 48. wrking
49. inheritr
50. t give
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用苎麻生产夏布这种传统的纺织技术。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：中国苎麻产量占世界总产量的90%以上。空处指代“全世界苎麻的产量”，结合上文“The ramie utput in China”可知，空处为同类异物特指，且utput不可数，应用that，相当于the utput (f the wrld)。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：用苎麻织成的亚麻因此被称为“夏布”。修饰动词called应用所给词的副词形式。故填cnsequently。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于苎麻原料胶厚，质地不规则，所以每一步都是纯手工制作的。结合空后形容词“manual”可知，空处应用副词，修饰形容词。故填purely。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：现在，在宽敞的展厅里摆放着古老的纯木制织机，以及许多草布产品，看起来都很耀眼。分析可知，本句使用地点状语置于句首的完全倒装，句子主语为“ancient pure wden lms (织布机), alng with many grass clth prducts”，空处为句子谓语动词，结合时间状语right nw可知句子应用一般现在时；该句主语和“place”之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，故填are placed。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：现在，在宽敞的展厅里摆放着古老的纯木制织机，以及许多草布产品，看起来都很耀眼。(be) dazzling t the eyes“耀眼”是固定搭配。故填t。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：古时候，在生产夏布的农家总能看到一个忙碌的景象，工人们把麻皮和杆之间的细纤维洗净，得到作为夏布原料的麻丝。分析句子，“ (engage) in the prductin f grass clth”为后置定语，修饰名词“farmhuse”，短语：be engaged in“从事，参与”，所以此处名词“farmhuse”与动词“engage”为被动关系，所以空处用过去分词engaged，故填engaged。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：古时候，在生产夏布的农家总能看到一个忙碌的景象，工人们把麻皮和杆之间的细纤维洗净，得到作为夏布原料的麻丝。空处引导定语从句，代替先行词“scene”在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。
【48题详解】
考查独立主格。句意：如今，荣昌只有一些农民在生产夏布，他们大多在家庭作坊里工作。句中已有谓语动词“are making”且无连词，由此可知，逗号后部分为独立主格作状语；“wrk”和逻辑主语“mst f them”（大多数农民）之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填wrking。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为家族企业唯一的第七代传承人，Huang Xiuying进行了大胆的创新，融合了时代美学，用流行的艺术设计和文化包装赋予夏布更多的时代感。根据句中“Huang Xiuying, the nly seventh-generatin”及“(inherit)f the family business”，可知，此处指“Huang Xiuying是唯一的第七代传承人”，所以空处用名词，指人。inheritr“继承人，后继者”，故填inheritr。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为家族企业唯一的第七代传承人，Huang Xiuying进行了大胆的创新，融合了时代美学，用流行的艺术设计和文化包装赋予夏布更多的时代感。句中已有谓语动词“has carried ut”且无连词，故空处填非谓语动词；结合句意可知，融合了时代美学，用流行的艺术设计和文化包装的目的是给夏布更多的时代感，因此空处填不定式作目的状语。故填t give。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday I stepped int a restaurant fr lunch. As I was waiting my rder t cme, I nticed the ld man in a wheelchair rll himself ver t a table. N ne and me seemed t ntice him. I gt up and g ver t his table and asked if that I culd get him smething t drink. He smiled and said, “Thank yu. Yu are generusly. I’d like any range juice, please.” When I was getting ready t leave, I walked by the ld man’s table t saying gdbye. He thanked me again and tld me I had made his days, cming ver and helping him ut. I gave him a hug and tld him he had made my day, either.
【答案】1. waiting后面加fr
2. the→an
3. besides→except/ but
4. g→went
5. 去掉if后面的that
6. generusly→generus
7. any→sme
8. saying→say
9. days→day
10. either→t
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。昨天作者走进一家餐馆吃午饭。他帮助了一位坐轮椅的老人，作者的帮忙不仅让老人很开心，也让自己很开心。
【详解】1. 考查动词短语。固定用法wait fr sb./ sth.“等待某人或某事”。故waiting后面加fr。
2. 考查冠词。此处第一次出现，表示泛指，ld是以元音音素开头的词，应使用不定冠词an。故the→ an。
3. 考查介词。句意：除了我似乎没有人注意到他。besides“除了”，包括宾语在内，根据句意可知，此处应使用except或but。故besides改为except/ but。
4. 考查动词时态。此处与gt up是并列谓语，应使用一般过去时。故g改为went。
5. 考查宾语从句。此处询问“是否我可以给他弄些饮料”，if引导宾语从句，that明显多余。故去掉if后面的that。
6. 考查形容词。句意：他笑着说，“谢谢，你很慷慨。请给我一些橙汁把。”此处是主系表结构，应使用形容词作表语。故generusly改为generus。
7. 考查不定代词。句意：他笑着说，“谢谢，你很慷慨。请给我一些橙汁吧。”在肯定句中sme表示一些；否定句中，用any。故any改为sme。
8. 考查动词不定式。句意：当我准备离开时，我走到老人的桌前和他告别。此处用不定式表目的。故saying改为say。
9. 考查固定短语。固定短语：make ne’s day“让某人高兴”。故days改为day。
10. 考查副词。either用于否定句表示“也”，t用于肯定句。故either改为t。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你正在做一个问卷调查，以了解中英高中生在未来大学专业选择上的差异。请你用英文给英国好友Eric写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动目的;
2. 问卷内容;
3. 请求答卷并转发。
注意：
1. 词数为100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Dear Eric,
I’m currently researching the differences in university majr preferences between British and Chinese students. Culd yu please take a mment t fill ut my questinnaire?
With the aim t identify the mst ppular majrs bth in China and the UK, explre the decisin-making factrs and guidance surces fr students, the questinnaire includes the fllwing three questins — What are yur tp three favrite majrs? Frm which aspect f the majr wuld yu cnsider? Wh wuld yu turn t when chsing a majr?
It’d be highly appreciated if yu culd frward the survey t yur friends and fellw students. Thank yu fr cnsidering my request and attached is the questinnaire. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Eric写封邮件，“以了解中英高中生在未来大学专业选择上的差异”为主题做一个问卷调查。
【详解】1.词汇积累
差异：difference→diversity
目的：aim→gal
因素：factr→element
选择：chse→g fr
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Culd yu please take a mment t fill ut my questinnaire?
拓展句：I wuld appreciate it if yu culd please take a mment t fill ut my questinnaire.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Wh wuld yu turn t when chsing a majr? (运用了状语从句的省略)
【高分句型2】Thank yu fr cnsidering my request and attached is the questinnaire.（运用了全部倒装）
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