湖南省长沙市长郡中学2024届高三下学期寒假作业检测（月考六）英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份湖南省长沙市长郡中学2024届高三下学期寒假作业检测（月考六）英语试卷(含答案)，共23页。试卷主要包含了听力题，阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、听力题
1．What des Eric want t be in the future?
A.A scientist.B.A teacher.C.A dctr.
2．What is the man prbably ding?
A.Taking an interview.
B.Making a wrk plan.
C.Prducing electrnics.
3．Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A.In the ffice.B.At hme.C.In a schl.
4．When is the train due?
A.At 8:10.B.At 8:00.C.At 7:50.
5．Hw des the wman get t wrk?
A.By bus.B.By car.C.On ft.
听下面一段材料,回答以下小题。
6．Hw much des the Happy Valley game prbably cst?
A.$30.B.$50.C.$130.
7．What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A.Friends.B.Parent and child.C.Teacher and student.
听下面一段材料,回答以下小题。
8．What happened t the wman?
A.She was late fr a train.
B.She gt n the wrng train.
C.She didn't knw which train t take.
9．What des the wman think f the man's suggestin?
A.It is a waste f time.
B.It is helpful.
C.It is impssible.
10．What is the wman ging t d next?
A.Catch a bus.B.Take a taxi.C.Get n anther train.
听下面一段材料,回答以下小题。
11．What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A.The memries in primary schl.
B.The methds f writing essays.
C.The man's medical issues.
12．Hw des the man write his essay?
A.With pen and paper.
B.On a cmputer.
C.With a special pencil
13．Why did the man use t receive bad grades?
A.It was t painful t cmplete his wrk.
B.His handwriting was unreadable.
C.He spent t much time in hspital.
听下面一段材料,回答以下小题。
14．Where des the wman knw abut the man?
A.Frm a huse agency.
B.Frm a friend.
C.Frm an ad.
15．Hw will the man help the wman?
A.By assisting her with her hme lan applicatin.
B.By pening a new credit card fr her.
C.By giving her cash.
16．When will the wman cme t the man next time?
A.On Sunday.B.On Friday.C.On Mnday.
听下面一段材料,回答以下小题。
17．What is ne benefit f IF accrding t the talk?
A.It may raise lw bld pressure.
B.It may slw dwn brain aging.
C.It may imprve anxiety and depressin.
18．What des the 5:2 IF methd invlve?
A.Eating less five days a week.
B.Restricting calries tw days each week.
C.Eating nly within a five-hur “windw”.
19．Which f the fllwing is acceptable during the 16 hurs?
A.Milk.B.White cffee.C.Black tea.
20．What d we knw abut IF?
A.It is simple t fllw.
B.It is suitable fr everyne.
C.It invlves cmplex calrie cunting.
二、阅读理解
The great philspher Vltaire nce said “Reading makes peple see and think clearly," If yu want t be a better self, try the fllwing bks.
Pride and Prejudice
Pride and Prejudice is kind f a literary Rsetta stne, the inspiratin basis and mdel fr s many mdern nvels Fr a bk written in the early 19h century, its mdernity is surprising nly until yu realize that this is the nvel that in many ways defined what a mdern nvel is.
A Wild Child's Guide t Endangered Animals
Frm New Yrk 1imes bestselling authr Millie Martta cmes this grgeus celebratin f the animal kingdm. Highlighting the difficult f 43 endangered species frm arund the wrld, the bk takes readers n a trip thrugh freshwater, ceans. frets, muntains desert, grasslands and wetlands while learning abut rare and well-knwn animals and their habitats
Patriarchy and Capitalism
Chizuk Uen, a leading Japanese scilgist, feminist (女权主义) critic and public intellectual, has been a pineer in wmen's studies and the authr f many bks, including patriarchy and Capitalism, which discusses the status f Japanese wmen.
Knw My Name
Chanel Miller's breathtaking memir is praised t be the Best Bk f the Year in Peple magazine. In this bk, she recalls all her whle 1ife. It's stry f trauma (创份) and transcendence (超越), shining with the curage required t mve thrugh suffering and live a full and beautiful life.
21．What is special abut Pride 20d Prejudice?
A. It has a lng histry.B. It encurages readers.
C. It defines mdern nvels,D. It includes surprising plts.
22．Which shuld yu chse if yu want t knw abut nature?
A. Marcvald.B. Pride and Prejudice.
C. The Rings f Saturn.D. A Wild Childs Guide t Endangered Animals.
23．What kind f bk is Knw My Name?
A. A recrd abut endangered animals.B. A flk tale.
C. A nvel discus sing female status.D. An autbigraphy.
Rather than indulge in smartphnes and games, Zhang Yixuan prefers t spend his summer vacatin walking in nature, encuntering little creatures like shrimps and crabs. The 17-year-ld went viral n Sina Weib recently fr his knwledge f bilgy, which led him t discver a new species f freshwater crabs f the genus (属) Sinlaptamn in 2022.
As his father, wh was brn in a rural area, lved catching fish and crabs himself at an early age, Zhang was always taken utdrs by his parents t explre as much as pssible and bserve little creatures quietly withut any disruptins (打扰) .
Nw a grade 12 student at Yulin High Schl, Guangxi Zhuang autnmus regin, Zhang has dzens f "living treasures" that he has cllected frm the utdrs, including insects, fish, shrimps and crabs. "This ne is a species f Nanhaiptamn that I caught in a muntainus area, " said Zhang, pinting t a vibrant (色彩鲜亮的) crab mving its amusing eyes arund. "Yu can see it just shed (蜕去) its shell. "
There is als a rw f empty bttles and jars in Zhang's rm t stre his specimens (标本) "I can ntice the slight differences between tw shrimps, and then I take them back t my rm fr further bservatin, "said Zhang.
It is the micrscpe his father bught him that makes the bedrm lk mre like a mini bilgy lab than anything else. It's a place where Zhang can devte himself t identifying shrimps r bserving crabs day and night. With the help f his micrscpe, Zhang immerses himself in decding (解码) the natural wrld. Smetimes he spends hurs simply examining a piece f fish scale (鱼鳞) , the leg f a crab r the antenna (触角) f an insect. He ften wrks s late that his parents have t frce him t g t bed.
"I'm ften amazed by what I see while placing these tiny and fragile (脆弱的) things under the micrscpe. N matter hw humble an insect is, each life is s delicately and uniquely structured, "said Zhang.
24．What made Zhang ppular n Sina Weib?
A.His rich knwledge f bilgy.B.His vides f utdr adventures.
C.His cllectin f “living treasures”.D.His discvery f a new type f crab.
25．What inspired Zhang's interest in explring nature?
A.His father's jb.B.A crab he nce caught.
C.His schl's field trips.D.His childhd experiences.
26．Where des Zhang put the micrscpe bught by his father?
A.In Zhang's lab at schl.B.In Zhang's bedrm.
C.In Zhang's study.D.In Zhang's classrm.
27．Which f the fllwing best describes Zhang?
A.Ambitius and energetic.B.Curius and dedicated.
C.Outging and adventurus.D.Knwledgeable and mdest.
What is life? Like mst great questins, this ne is easy t ask but difficult t answer. The reasn is simple: we knw f just ne type f life and it's challenging t d science with a sample size f ne. The field f artificial life—called ALife fr shrt—is the systematic attempt t spell ut life's fundamental principles. Many f these practitiners, s-called ALifers, think that smehw making life is the surest way t really understand what life is.
S far n ne has cnvincingly made artificial life. This track recrd makes ALife a ripe target fr criticism, such as declaratins f the field's dubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a cmplexity scientist, is tired f such cmplaints. Asking abut "the pint" f ALife might be, well, missing the pint entirely, he says. "The existence f a living system is nt abut the use f anything, "Alan says. "Sme peple ask me, 'S what's the wrth f artificial life? 'D yu ever think, 'What is the wrth f yur grandmther? ' "
As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research's applicatins, the attempts t create artificial life culd have practical payffs. Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife's cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin (演化) . This is the capacity fr a system t create essentially endless cmplexity, t be a srt f "nvelty generatr". The nly system knwn t exhibit this is Earth's bisphere. If the field f ALife manages t reprduce life's endless "creativity" in sme virtual mdel, thse same principles culd give rise t truly inventive machines.
Cmpared with the develpments f AI, advances in ALife are harder t recgnize. One reasn is that ALife is a field in which the central cncept—life itself—is undefined. The lack f agreement amng ALifers desn't help either. The result is a diverse line f prjects that each advance alng their unique paths. Fr better r wrse, ALife mirrrs the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混乱的) prgressin is a striking parallel (平行线) t the evlutinary struggles that have shaped Earth bisphere.
Undefined and uncntrlled, ALife drives its fllwers t repurpse ld ideas and generated nvelty. It may be, f curse, that these characteristics aren't in any way surprising r singular. They may apply universally t all acts f evlutin. Ultimately ALife may be nthing special. But even this dismissal suggests smething: perhaps, just like life itself thrughut the universe, the rise f ALife will prve unavidable.
28．Regarding Alan Smith's defence f ALife, the authr is _____.
A.supprtive B.puzzled C.uncncerned D.dubtful
29．What des the wrd "enamred" underlined in paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A.Shcked.B.Prtected.C.Attracted.D.Challenged.
30．What can we learn frm this passage?
A.ALife hlds the key t human future.
B.ALife and AI share a cmmn feature.
C.Al mirrrs the develpments f ALife.
D.AI speeds up the prcess f human evlutin.
31．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A.Life Is Undefined.Can AI Be a Way Out?
B.Life Evlves.Can AI Help ALife Evlve, T?
C.Life Is Undefined.Can ALife Be Defined One Day?
D.Life Evlves.Can Attempts t Create ALife Evlve, T?
After years f severe drught cmbined with climate change, the water level in Lake Pwell, the secnd largest reservir (水库) n the Clrad River, has drpped t just 24% f capacity. It is cntinuing t decline t levels nt seen since the reservir was first filled in the 1960s.
In an effrt t imprve the shrinking reservir, the federal gvernment annunced that it will hld back a large quantity f water this year t reduce risks f the lake falling belw a pint at which Glen Canyn Dam wuld n lnger generate electricity.
"Tday's decisin reflects the truly unexpected challenges facing the Clrad River Basin and will prvide peratinal certainty fr cmmunities and businesses that rely n the Clrad River, "Tanya Trujill, the federal Interir Department's assistant secretary fr water and science, said in a statement annuncing the measures.
It is the first time the U.S. Bureau f Reclamatin has called its authrity t change its peratins in this way at Glen Canyn Dam n the Arizna-Utah brder. The agency said the plan is intended t prtect infrastructure at the dam and its ability t generate hydrpwer (水力发电) . It will ensure that water supplies cntinue t be available fr the nearby city f Page, Arizna, and the Navaj Natin.
The plan is suppsed t reduce the risks f Lake Pwell falling t extremely lw levels. The measures will include releasing abut 500,000 acre-feet f water frm Flaming Grge Reservir, which is lcated upstream, and leaving an additinal 480,000 acre-feet in Lake Pwell by reducing the vlume f water released frm Glen Canyn Dam.
"What's needed nw, urgently, is fr federal and state water managers t wrk in partnership with ther related parties, t take the steps necessary t build cnfidence in the lng-lasting management f the Clrad River, "Pitt said. "This will require intensive and dedicated resurces t develp and implement (执行) plans that put water demands int balance with supplies. "
32．What effect wuld the shrinking f Lake Pwell bring?
A.A water shrtage acrss America.B.Reduced electricity generatin.
C.A decline in turism in the regin.D.Increased extreme natural disasters.
33．What is the furth paragraph mainly abut?
A.The purpse f the gvernment's plan.
B.The way t prtect infrastructure at the dam.
C.The imprtance f ensuring water vlume in the city.
D.The difficulties f cntrlling the water level f the lake.
34．Hw will the gvernment stp Lake Pwell falling t extremely lw levels?
A.By restricting the generatin f hydrpwer.
B.By releasing water t Flaming Grge Reservir.
C.By bradening surces f incme and reducing utput.
D.By building additinal dams t increase the strage capacity.
35．What des the passage fcus n?
A.The need fr sustainable water management.
B.The impact f climate change n water surces.
C.The effrt t address the water crisis in Lake Pwell.
D.The imbalance between water demands and supplies.
三、七选五
36．One f the primary gals f cgnitive behaviral therapy （疗法）is finding effective ways t channel yur anxiety int prductive actin. The best pssible ne is under the care f an experienced mental health care prvider. Still, if yu are hping t stp being paralyzed （麻痹）by anxiety and use this energy t fuel and imprve yur life, yu can.①_____
Set a gal. Gal-setting is ne way t use yur anxiety as fuel. Take ntice f yur anxius thughts and wrries. What are yu mst cncerned abut？②_____ Instead f shaking in yur bts, get t wrk develping a plan that allws yu t vercme these fears.
Challenge yurself regularly t build resilience （韧性）Think f yur resilience t anxiety as a muscle.③_____ Rather than aviding thse situatins that cause anxiety, gradually expse yurself t them mre ften. When yu d this, yu will find that, ver time, they lse their pwer. Fr instance, if yu hate public speaking, yu might benefit frm signing up fr a lcal Tastmasters club. Ding s will allw yu t practice speaking in frnt f a grup mre ften, which will reduce yur anxiety.
④_____ Anxiety can feel like a live wire in yur bdy. Yu can't sit still r fcus. Exercise is a great activity t make use f this spare energy. Exercise ffers a hst f benefits like fighting ff illness and helping yu manage weight. One f the benefits mst helpful t yu, hwever, is its ability t neutralize anxiety and imprve yur md.
Perfrm reality testing. Yu dn't have t becme a slave t yur anxius thughts, giving them permissin t get yu all wrked up. ⑤_____Reality testing invlves assessing a situatin fr errrs in thinking .T assess the reality f this situatin, yu want t ask what evidence is there that says this is true. Did yur friends actually call yu lame？Are they aviding yu？
A.Put them t the test instead.
B.What are yur biggest fears?
C. Burn ff nervus energy with physical activity.
D. The mre yu use the muscle, the strnger it becmes.
E. Hw can yu deal with getting fired if it des happen?
F.Just transfrm anxiety int actin by using psitive strategies.
G.When yu find yurself becming anxius, check yur thught patterns.
四、完形填空（15空）
When it cmes t my fathering lessns, few adventures cmpare t the mtrcycle trips I've shared with my daughter, Eva.
Our first 1 , in August 2017, was a winding ride arund the Catskills and Finger Lake districts f New Yrk state. We 2 big highways and spent the week n 3 scenic back rads. At ne pint, I fund myself 4 alng a Catskills meadw (草地) nt far frm Wdstck, keeping pace with a deer and shuting, "G Bambi, g! "
On ur secnd day, we 5 in a small twn fr ice cream. I asked the wman at the picnic table next t us："What's the 6 f this twn? " "Interlaken, " she answered. "Where are yu trying t get t? "
Me："We dn't knw. "
It 7 t me then that I'd always wanted t d this n-schedule kind f trip, when yu ride just fr riding. Ask any middle-aged 8 ：We've all dreamed abut ding the Easy Rider (逍遥骑士) thing, thrwing ur wristwatches int the ditch and heading tward the hrizn withut a(n) 9 . Nw, travelling with n plan became a 10 f my rides with Eva.
Since we almst 11 knew where we were ging, we were almst never 12 when we arrived, pulling 13 the rad at the end f each day with satisfactin. The reasn t celebrate? We 14 ! The truth is that life n a mtrbike is ne clse call (死里逃生) after anther. On the way, riders must stay 15 100 percent f the time. A tiny stne can be deadly. I used t be nervus, but Eva had a different take："T me, mtrcycling is like meditatin."
37．A.sail B.flight C.gal D.jurney
38．A.avided B.chse C.built D.prmted
39．A.straight B.twisty C.main D.brad
40．A.walking B.running C.riding D.laughing
41．A.settled B.stpped C.landed D.mved
42．A.ppulatin B.rule C.name D.psitin
43．A.ccurred B.happened C.mattered D.referred
44．A.engineer B.bicyclist C.chemist D.mtrcyclist
45．A.destinatin B.reactin C.explratin D.explanatin
46．A.curse B.benefit C.feature D.present
47．A.never B.always C.cmpletely D.abslutely
48．A.satisfied B.disappinted C.surprised D.frightened
49．A.ut B.in C.ff D.dwn
50．A.grew B.failed C.waited D.survived
51．A.silentB.smth C.careful D.energetic
五、短文填空
52．With a histry f mre than 2,000 years, the Silk Rute dates back t the Han dynasty. Thrugh this rute, the Chinese highly qualified silk made its fame t the western cuntries. The merchants in different regins ①______ (seek) the pprtunity f trading Chinese silk where they indeed made their frtune alng this rute. That rute functined ②______ the life bld f internatinal trade at that time. Meanwhile, the Chinese civilizatin ③______ (intrduce) t the Western cuntries and vice versa. The Silk Rute was cnsidered as a new chapter ④______ (recrd) the friendship between the Eurpean and Asian peples.
Thrughut all these years, many great figures have made significant cntributins t the develpment f the Silk Rute. Tday, the Silk Rute has a ⑤______ (pet) name called One Belt One Rad, ⑥______ (aim) t help thse cnnected regins in culture and ecnmy exchange with a mre advanced rad. The main cities alngside it are becming ⑦______ (large) and mre imprtant in helping trade and culture exchange. Many cuntries have gained great ⑧______ (benefit) alng the trading prcess. All in all, the ancient Silk Rad is mre like ⑨______ histrical textbk fr everyne t read and t knw abut ⑩______ happened during that ancient time. It has been playing a significant rle in the develpment f the civilizatins f China.
六、书面表达
53．假定你是李华,你的英国笔友 Chris来邮件与你分享了他参加了他们学校中文学习俱乐部开展的"中国成语(Chinese Idims)"比赛,并获得了冠军的消息。请你给他写一封回信。
要求如下:
1.表达祝贺;
2.肯定努力;
3.表达祝愿。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文流畅;
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
七、读后续写
54．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Being the yungest in my family has had its advantages, f curse. But being the yungest als came with its fair share f trubles. I was ften tld what I culdn't d and why. I knew that my family lved me. They always tried t prtect me, help me and take care f me, but I culdn't wait t shw them I culd d things by myself.
It was a ht day in Flrida. The schl year had just ended and it was time fr summer vacatin. We had just gtten a little black dg wh we named One-Eyed.
Everybdy wanted t d smething fr the dg: feed him, teach him tricks and take lng walks with him. Everybdy was s happy t have this little active, playful new additin t ur family. I was s desperate t pet One-Eyed myself, t. Every time I asked my brther r my sister if I culd d that, they wuld shut, “N! ”r tell me that I had germs (细菌) . Once, they even cnvinced me that I had s many germs and that if I tuched One-Eyed he wuld die! I really believed them and was scared that smething terrible wuld happen t the dg. Once I even cnfessed t my mm that I tuched the dg when n ne nticed. At first, my mm seemed very cnfused abut what I was telling her, but then she realized that they were playing a jke n me t keep me away frm the dg. My mm sclded my brther and sister, "Yu better stp teasing yur little brther! "Little brther! That's exactly what I was. That really gt my bld biling. The frustratin built up inside me as I watched them enjy their time with One-Eyed, excluding me frm the jyus mments. I knew I was capable f taking care f myself and frming my wn cnnectin with ur new furry friend. Determinatin filled my heart, fueling a newfund sense f independence.
I tk ne lk at the dg and decided, I was ging t prve t everyne that I culd pet and play with One-Eyed.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing this, my brther and sister culdn't believe their eyes.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：M:Hw are yur kids ding？
W:Really well, thanks！Nina is ging t cllege in the autumn. And Eric recently tk his high schl exams. He has his heart set n a career in medicine. His teacher said his science marks were sme f the best she'd ever seen！
2．答案：A
解析：W:D yu have any experience f wrking in a factry？
M:Yes, I wrked at a factry that prduced electrnics fr a few years. It was hard wrk, but I learned a lt and made sme gd friends.
3．答案：A
解析：M:I'd better leave nw. It ften takes me an hur t drive hme frm wrk. Plus, I have t pick up my sn frm schl first！
W:Gd luck. There's s much traffic in the dwntwn area nw.
4．答案：A
解析：W:I'm s excited. It's my first time travelling n a high-speed train. It's already 8 'clck. Shuldn't it have arrived by nw？
M:Just be patient. It's due t arrive in 10 minutes.
W:I can't wait t see the cuntryside flashing past.
5．答案：B
解析：W:Hey Oliver. I didn't see yur car utside.
M:I've stpped driving t wrk. I usually take the bus nw. Smetimes I walk here.
W:Lucky yu. The public transprt arund my neighbrhd is terrible, s I have n chice but t drive.
6．答案：B
解析：M:Can I brrw sme mney？The new Happy Valley game is cming ut this week, and I need anther 30.
W:Why？Yu just gt 100 fr yur birthday last mnth！
M:I I spent mst f it when I went camping with my friends. I nly have 20 left.
W:Well,that's just real life. Yu're grwing up nw. Yu can't expect me and yur father t pay fr everything frever. Yu need t learn the value f mney.
M:But, ...
W:N.I'm srry, dear. If yu need mre mney, yu'll have t get a part-time jb and earn it like everybdy else.
7．答案：B
8．答案：A
解析：W:Have I missed the train t Manchester？
M:Let me , I'm afraid it left fifteen minutes ag.
W:That's a prblem. One way r anther, I have t get there this mrning. What time is the next ne？
M:Three 'clck this afternn, unfrtunately.
W:That's n gd. I need t be there lng befre then.
M:I'm srry, Miss.
W:N buses g there. I suppse I culd get a taxi, but it wuld cst me a frtune.
M:What yu shuld d is catch the next train t Birmingham. There's ne leaving in five minutes.
W:Hw will that help me？
M:When yu get t Birmingham, yu'll be in time t catch the 9:30 train t Manchester.
W:Wnderful.What a brilliant suggestin！
9．答案：B
10．答案：C
11．答案：C
解析：W:Why are yu allwed t use a laptp fr writing essays while everybdy else has t use pen and paper？
M:It's because I have a medical cnditin that affects my jints, especially in my wrists and fingers.
W:Oh,really？I wasn't aware f that.
M:Yes,it's quite unpleasant. Writing lng texts by hand is quite painful fr me.
W:Hw did yu find ut yu had this cnditin？
M:Well,I struggled a lt with my handwriting in primary schl. The teacher gave me a special pencil t try, which helped a little, but nt much.
W:I see.
M:Eventually,the pain became s severe that my parents tk me t see a dctr. The dctr wrte a letter t the schl, recmmending that I be allwed t type essays and reprts. Frtunately, the schl agreed.
W:That's great.
M:It really helped me a lt. I used t struggle with my grades simply because the pain was s intense that I culdn't finish my hmewrk and tests. Nw, I'm ding really well.
12．答案：B
13．答案：A
14．答案：B
解析：W:Hi,I'm interested in applying fr a lan M:Abslutely.We ffer a variety f lan ptins. Have yu already had an accunt with ur bank？If nt, I can have ne f ur frnt desk staff set ne up fr yu.
W:Oh,yes.I already have an accunt. My friend James mentined that yu are the manager here. He said yu culd help me with a hme lan.
M:Yes,James is a gd friend f mine as well！Many peple trust ur bank when it cmes t buying hmes. Will this be yur new hme r a real estate investment？
W:A hme fr my family.
M:Awesme. Well, ur interest rates depend n the amunt yu brrw and yur credit histry.
W:Of curse. Hw much can I brrw？
M:Typically,the lans range frm S 100,000 t 1,000,000.Wuld yu mind if I perfrm a credit check fr yu？
W:Please g ahead.
M:Great.I'll just need ne day t gather the necessary infrmatin regarding yur credit histry. Hwever, since tday is Friday and ur bank is clsed n weekends, we can meet each ther again next Mnday.
W:Perfect！
15．答案：A
16．答案：C
17．答案：B
解析：IF is an eating pattern which invlves switching between perids f eating and nt eating. It has becme a ppular trend in recent years as it's an easy way nt nly t lse r maintain weight but t imprve health in general. Studies suggest IF can imprve heart health, cntrl bld sugar and perhaps even reduce the rate f brain aging. There are varius methds t practice IF. One cmmn apprach is the 5 2 methd. It means peple eat nrmally five days a week, and take within 500 calries n the ther tw days. Anther ppular methd is the 16/8 methd. It means dn't eat anything fr 16 hurs in every 24 hurs, which includes sleep time. And nly eat within an eight-hur "windw". During the 16 hurs, yu can cnsume calrie-free drinks including water, cffee and tea-n milk. Early prblems can invlve hunger and md changes, but mst peple find their bdies sn adjust t their new eating pattern and find it easier t keep up with than ther diet plans. This is usually because f IF's simplicity. It desn't require cmplicated calrie cunting r aviding certain types f fd. Mst dctrs believe IF is safe fr mst healthy adults if it is dne sensibly. Hwever, it is nt apprpriate fr everyne, and shuld be avided by expecting mthers, individuals with certain medical cnditins, and thse wh are very underweight.
18．答案：B
19．答案：C
20．答案：A
21．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。本题问《骄傲和偏见》这本书有什么特别之处。由第二段"Fr a bk written in the early 19th century, its mdernity is surprising nly until yu realize that this is the nvel that in many ways defined what a mdern nvel is."可知,这本书的特别之处在于它定义了现代小说。故答案选C。
22．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。本题问如果你想了解自然,你应该选择哪一本书。由第三段"Highlighting the difficulty f 43 endangered species frm arund the wrld, the bk takes readers n a trip thrugh freshwater, ceans, frests, muntains, deserts, grasslands and wetlands while learning abut rare and well-knwn animals and their habitats."可知,A Wild Child's Guide t Endangered Animals这本书提及了来自世界各地的43种濒危物种的困难,它带领读者在淡水、海洋、森林、山脉、沙漠、草原和湿地.上旅行,同时了解稀有和著名的动物及其栖息地。故答案选D。
23．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。本题问Knw My Name是哪种类型的书。由最后一段"Chanel Miller's breathtaking memir is praised t be the Best Bk f the Year in Peple magazine. In this bk, she recalls all her whle life."可知,这本书是一本自传回忆录。故答案选D。
24．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的"The 17-year-ld went viral n Sina Weib recently fr his knwledge f bilgy..."可知.17岁的张逸轩在网上走红,是因为他渊博的生物知识。故选A。
25．答案：D
解析：细节归纳题。根据第二段中的“Zhang was always taken utdrs by his parents t explre as much as pssible and bserve little creatures quietly withut any disruptins(打扰).”可知答案为D。
26．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句"It is the micrscpe his father bught him that makes the bedrm lk mre like a mini bilgy lab than anything else,"可知答案为B。
27．答案：B
解析：细节归纳题。根据全文可知张同学对生物学充满好奇且投入观察研究。故选B。
28．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的"As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their rescarch's applicatins, the attempts t create artificial life culd have practical payffs.(尽管许多ALifers 讨厌强调他们研究的应用,但创 造人工生命的尝试可能会有实际的回报。) "可知,作者认为创造人工生命的尝试是会有回报的;再结合第二段"S far n ne has cnvincingly made artificial life. This track recrd makes ALife a ripe target fr criticism, such as declaratins f the field's dubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a cmplexity scientist, is tired f such cmplaints. Asking abut ‘the pint’ f ALife might be, well, missing the pint entirely, he says. ‘The existence f a living system is nt abut the use f anything.’ Alan says. ‘Sme peple ask me, "S what's the wrth f artificial life?" D yu ever think, "What is the wrth f yur grandmther? " ’ (到目前为止,还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工 生命。这一记录使生命科学成为批评的成熟目标,比如对该领域可疑的科学价值的声明。复杂性科学家艾伦・史 密斯厌倦了这样的抱怨。他说,询间ALife的“意义’可能完全没有抓住要点。‘一个生命系统的存在与任何东西 的使用无关。’艾伦说。‘有人问我,“那么人工生命的价值是什么?”你有没有想过,“你祖母的价值是什么?” ’)”可 推知,因为还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命,才导致使生命科学成为批评(认为其没有科学价值)的成熟目 标,作者认为这是不合理的.所以下文引用了艾伦・史密斯的话语对这种观点进行反驳,即关于艾伦・史密斯对 ALife的辩护,作者表示支持。故选A。
29．答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词上文"Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife's cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin(演化).(人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲， 因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念enamred。)"可知，人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表 亲,说明人工智能和ALife二者间有共同之处,可推测是因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做“开放进化”的 概念所吸引,所以才有了这种观点。故画线词意为“吸引”。故选C。
30．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife's cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin(演化).”可知,ALife 和AI有一个共同的特点。 故选B。
31．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“They may apply universally t all acts f evlutin. Ultimately ALife may be nthing special. But even this dismissal suggests smething; perhaps, just like life itself thrughut the universe, the rise f ALife will prve unavidable.(它们可能普遍适用于所有进化行为。最终,ALife可能没有什 么特别的。但即使是这种否定也表明了一些事情:也许.就像整个宇宙中的生命本身一样,ALife的崛起将被证明 是不可避免的。)”,并结合文章主要探讨了ALife是否也在不断地进化。D选项“生命在进化。创造ALife的尝试 也能进化吗?”是最合适的标题。故选D。
32．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"the federal gvernment n lnger generate electricity"可知， 联邦政府宣布将在今年留存大量水源,以减少湖泊下降的风险,避免格伦峡谷大坝停止发电。由此可知,水位下降 到一定程度将会影响格伦峡谷大坝的发电。故选B项。
33．答案：A
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知,这是美国垦务局首次在亚利桑那州和犹他州边界上的格伦峡谷大坝行使 其调整运营的权力。该计划旨在保护大坝的基础设施及其水力发电能力,并确保附近的亚利桑那州佩吉市和纳瓦霍族部分地区的持续供水。由此可知,该段主要介绍了该计划的目的。故选A项。
34．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知.该计划旨在降低鲍威尔湖水位降至极低水平的风险。这些措施将包括:从 位于上游的火焰峡谷水库释放约50万英亩英尺的水,并通过减少今年格伦峡谷大坝的放水量,在鲍威尔湖额外留 下48万英亩英尺的水。由此可推知,开源节流是阻止鲍威尔湖水位降至极低水平的办法。故选C项。
35．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了由于多年的严重干旱和气候变化，美国科罗拉多河上的第二大水库鲍威尔湖的 水位已严重下降,政府正在采取措施解决这一问题。C项能够概括文章主要内容,故选C项。
36．答案：①-⑤FBDCA
解析：①根据文章第一句话"One f the primary gals f cgnitive behaviral therapy(疗法）is finding effective ways t channel yur anxiety int prductive actin. "可知，认知行为疗法治疗焦虑的主要目标之一是找到有效的方法，将焦虑转化为有成效的行动。再结合下文几段的首句可知，下文主要介绍了具体的策略。F项承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
②根据上文"Take ntice f yur anxius thughts and wrries. What are yu mst cncerned abut? "可推测，本空应是对wrries的提问，分析各选项可知，B 项符合语境，且B项中的fears与下文的these fears相呼应。故选B。
③由上文"Think f yur resilience t anxiety as a muscle. "中的muscle可迅速找到D项，下文中的"Rather than aviding thse situatins that cause anxiety, gradually expse yurself t them mre ften."指出与其避开那些导致焦虑的情况，不如逐渐让自己更频繁地接触它们，由此可知，D项符合语境。故选D。
④本空位于段首，应概括本段的主要内容，并且结构应与其他段落首句的结构相同。由下文中"Exercise is a great activity t make use f this spare energy. Exercise ffers a hst f benefits like …. is its ability t neutralize anxiety and imprve yur md."可知，本段讲的是锻炼可以缓解人们焦虑并缓和人们的情绪。故选C。
⑤由本段首句可知，本段内容与reality testing有关。根据上文"Yu dn't have t becme a slave t yur anxius thughts... "及下文"Reality testing invlves assessing a situatin fr errrs in thinking."可知，空处应当是建议进行测试。故选A。
37．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的第一次旅行是在2017年8月,绕着纽约州的卡茨基尔和芬格湖区蜿蜒而行。 根据后文"a winding ride arund the Catskills and Finger Lake districts f New Yrk state"可知,作者和女儿的第 一次骑车之旅是绕着纽约州的卡茨基尔和芬格湖区蜿蜒而行。故选D。
38．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们避开了高速公路,整个星期都在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上度过。根据前文 "a winding(蜿蜒的)ride"和后文"spent the week n ______ scenic back rads"可知,作者和女儿避开了高速公路，而是在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上骑行。故选A。
39．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。根据前文的"a winding ride"以及后文"scenic back rads"可知,作者和女儿 整个星期都在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上度过。故选B。
40．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一次,我发现自己骑在距离伍德斯托克不远的卡茨基尔草地上跟一只鹿保持着同样的速度,大声喊着:“加油,小斑比,加油!”根据前文“a winding ride”可知,作者和女儿是骑行在距离伍德斯托 克不远的卡茨基尔斯草地上。故选C。
41．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天,我们在一个小镇停下来吃冰激淋。根据后文"in a small twn fr ice cream"可知,作者和女儿停下来吃冰激淋。故选B。
42．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义那析。句意:这个小镇叫什么名字?根据后文"Interlaken"可知,作者询问的是小镇的名字。故选C。
43．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我突然相到,我一直想做这种没有日程安排的旅行,只为了骑行而骑行。根据后文 "that I'd always wanted t d this n-schedule kind f trip"可知,这是作者突然想到的事即一直想要进行这种没有 时间表的旅行，只是为了骑行而骑行,It ccurred t sb. that...(某人突然想到……)。故选A。
44．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辫析。句意:询问任何一个中年摩托车手:我们都曾经梦想过像《逍遥骑士》一样,把手表扔进沟 渠,朝着地平线出发，没有目的地。根据前文作者骑摩托车之旅可知，此处指询问任何一个中年摩托车手。故选D。
45．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。根据后文"travelling with n plan"可知,现在,和Eva一起没有计划地旅行成 为了作者的骑行特色.没有计划就意味者没有目的地。故选A。
46．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,和Eva一起没有计划地旅行成为了我的骑行特色。根据前文"travelling with n plan"可知,和 Eva一起没有计划地旅行成为了作者的骑行特色。故选C。
47．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:由于我们几乎从不知道我们要去哪里，所以当我们到达目的地时几乎从不失望，每天结束时满意地停在路边。根据前文"Nw, travelling with n plan became a ______ f my rides with Eva."可 知,和 Eva一起没有计划地旅行成为了作者的骑行特色,所以作者几乎不知道自己要去哪里。故选A。
48．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。根据后文"at the end f each day with satisfactin"可知。每天结束时,作者 和女儿都很满意,由此可知作者到达的时候是没有失望过的。故选B。
49．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意同第11题。根据后文的"the rad at the end f each day with satisfactin"可知,作 者和女儿是骑摩托车旅行,由此可得出二人满意地停留在路边。pull ff the rad 为固定短语,意为“停在路边”。 故选C。
50．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们活下来了!根据后文"The truth is that life n a mtrbike is ne clse call(死里逃生)after anther."可知,事实上,摩托车上的生活就是一次又一次的死里逃生.所以值得作者和女儿庆祝的 是他们活了下来,克服了骑行中的各种困难。故选D。
51．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在路上,騎骑手必须百分之百地保持谨慎。根据前文"The truth is that life n a mtrbike is ne clse call(死里逃生)after anther."以及后文的"A tiny stne can be deadly. "可知,摩托车上的 生活就是一次又一次的死里逃生，一颗小小的石头都有可能致命,所以骑手必须要百分百地保持谨慎。故选C。
52．答案：sught；as；was intrduced；recrding；petic；aiming；larger；benefits；a；what
解析：①考查动词时态。句意:不同地区的商人寻求贸易中国丝绸的机会,他们确实在这条路线上发了财。此处在句中作谓语,句子描述过去发生的事.应用一般过去时,故填sught。
②考查介词。句意:那条路线是当时国际贸易的命脉。functin as固定搭配,意为“起……的作用”.故填as。
③考查时态与语态。句意:与此同时,中华文明被引进西方国家,反之亦然。此处在句中作谓语,句 子描述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时,且主语 the Chinese civilizatin和动词intrduce是被动关系,应用一般过 去时的被动,主语是单数,故填 was intrduced,
④考查非谓语动词。句意:丝绸之路被认为是记录欧亚人民友谊的新篇章。句中有谓语,且前后无连词。 此处应用非谓语动调作后置定语，修饰名词chapter,且和动词 recrd是主动关系,应用动词的-ing形式,故填 recrding。
⑤考查形容词。句意:今天。丝绸之路有一个富有诗意的名字一带一路,旨在帮助那些在文化和经济交流方面相连的地区走上一条更加先进的道路。此处应用形容词作定语,修饰名词name,表示“诗意的”,为形容词 petic,故填petic,
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意同上。现在分词作状语，
⑦考查形容词比较级。句意:在促进贸易和文化交流方面,沿路的主要城市正在变得越来越大,越来越重要。 由句意和"mre imprtant"可知.此处表示“更大的”应用形容词比较级,作表语,故填larger。
⑧考查名词。句意;许多国家在贸易过程中获益厘浅。此处应用名词benefit作宾语,为可数名词,应用复 数表示泛指.故填benefits,
⑨考查冠词。句意:总而言之,古代丝绸之路更像是一本历史教科书，人人都可以阅读并了解古代那个时期发生 了什么。此处表示“一本历史教科书”,应用不定冠词来修饰,且 histrical 发音是以辅音音素开头,应用a.故填a。
⑩考查连词。what引导宾语从句。
53．答案：
Dear Chris,
I'm s delighted t learn that yu have been the champin f Chinese Idims cntest in yur schl. This is a special and happy mment fr yu. I'm very prud f yu. Please accept my sincerest cngratulatins！
But indeed n ne culd have been mre deserving f the champin than yu because I knw hw hard yu have been learning Chinese. It is yur diligence and perseverance that stand yu ut in the crwd. It is a real encuragement t see yur effrts paid ff and I d hpe yu can hld yur passin fr Chinese and further understand ur splendid culture.
Wish yu future success in Chinese study. I'm lking frward t meeting yu in China ne day.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
解析：
54．答案：
I tk ne lk at the dg and decided, I was ging t prve t everyne that I culd pet and play with One-Eyed. Determined, I apprached One-Eyed slwly, extending my hand twards him. As I gt clser, the dg wagged his tail and lked up at me, as if he knew I was abut t d smething brave. Taking a deep breath, I gently placed my hand n his furry head. The mment ur skin tuched, I felt an incredible rush f jy and excitement. One-Eyed didn't seem bthered at all；in fact, he seemed t enjy the attentin. It was as if a bnd had instantly frmed between us.
Seeing this, my brther and sister culdn't believe their eyes. Their jaws drpped in astnishment. "Yu did it!" my sister exclaimed, her vice filled with awe. My brther, still in disbelief, stammered, " we tld yu all thse things！"I smiled triumphantly, realizing that I had prven them wrng. "Yu see, "I said cnfidently, "I am capable f ding things n my wn. And just because I'm the yungest desn't mean I can't take care f myself and be respnsible." Being the yungest had its challenges, but it als shaped me int the resilient, determined persn I am tday. And I will frever be grateful t One-Eyed fr shwing me that age and size dn't define ne's abilities.
解析：