专题10 科学新发现与中国航天-中考英语热点时文阅读专项训练

这是一份专题10 科学新发现与中国航天-中考英语热点时文阅读专项训练，共17页。试卷主要包含了bravely等内容，欢迎下载使用。
姓名：_________ 班级：_________ 学号：_________
阅读理解A篇:改革开放45周年：藏在变化中的幸福。
B篇：余华成为首登《巴黎评论》“作家访谈”的中国作家。
C篇：用“人脑”做的“生物计算机”诞生！
D篇：科学新发现：霸王龙吃什么？化石揭示它们的饮食秘密。
E篇：拾金不昧是美德，也是义务
F篇：首个古籍大语言模型“荀子”发布
G篇：中国商业航天也在迅速发展。
语法填空：诗歌欣赏：王昌龄《塞下曲》——血泪交织的史诗尽显战争的残酷。
A 阅读理解（原创）
This year marks the 45th anniversary f the beginning f refrm and pening-up (改革开放)． During this time, China has seen a tremendus transfrmatin．
Accrding t the Natinal Bureau f Statistics, frm 1978 t 2017, China’s ttal value f imprts and exprts increased frm 35．5 billin yuan t 27．8 trillin yuan．
Xu Zhalin, 25, and her family have first-hand experience f seeing the impact f this change． Her father, Xu Zhenhe, bught his first Japanese-made camera in 1998 at a phtgraphy equipment stre in Beijing． “At that time, peple culd nly buy imprted phtgraphy equipment like this at particular stres and the cameras used film,” said the 57-year-ld．
After just ver tw decades, film cameras are nw seldm seen in the marketplace． “Nw the camera functins n ur smartphnes are diverse enugh t meet ur needs,” Xu Zhalin said excitedly． She added that tday we can find a much larger variety f imprted gds nline．
There have als been significant changes in China’s fd supply and transactin (交易) methds． Xia Ya, a 14-year-ld student frm Chengdu, Sichuan, felt quite mved when her grandmther shared this part f histry．
When Xia’s grandmther Huang Kunrng was a child, she used liangpia, r fd ratin cupns, t get her fd allwance． Each persn had a fixed quantity f grain every mnth． “Smetimes peple didn’t have enugh rice t eat, s they culd nly eat stred carse grain (粗粮) like sweet ptates,” said Huang． That was the situatin Huang faced nce when she had t take care f her sick grandmther． “I managed t turn the rtten (腐烂的) sweet ptates int prridge and served it t my grandma, but it still stank (有异味)． I felt utterly helpless and desperate,” Huang said．
Tday, Chinese peple n lnger have t face hunger as past generatins did, nr d they need t use cupns t get fd． Instead, they use their phnes． Thrugh the use f a simple and cnvenient QR cdes, peple can buy anything they want withut limits． “Even my grandmther wh was brn in the ‘cupn era’ thinks it is s cnvenient!” said Xia．
1．What dweknwfrm the article?
A． The 50th anniversary f the Peple’s Republic f China
B． The 45th anniversary f the beginning f refrm and pening-up in China
C． The 25th year since the establishment f the Natinal Bureau f Statistics
D． The centenary celebratin f the Cmmunist Party f China
2．What did peple use fr purchasing fd during Xia’s grandmther’s yuth?
A． Credit cards．B． QR cdes．C． Fd ratin cupns． D． Cash nly．
3．Which f the fllwing can be inferred abut Xu Zhenhe’s experience with phtgraphy equipment?
A． He culd easily purchase imprted cameras in 1998．
B． He bught a Chinese-made camera frm an internatinal stre．
C． Imprted phtgraphy equipment was nt cmmn and had limited access pints．
D． He never witnessed the transitin frm film cameras t digital cameras．
4．Based n Huang Kunrng’s experience, what can be inferred abut life during her yuth?
A． Fd was abundantly available t everyne withut restrictins．
B． Fd had t be ratined and basic gds were smetimes scarce．
C． Sweet ptates were the preferred chice f fd．
D． QR cdes were used fr fd transactins．
5．Which statement best describethe main idea f the article?
A． The article discusses China’s technlgical advancements in phtgraphy equipment ver the years．
B． The article utlines the dramatic transfrmatin f China’s ecnmy and the impact n daily life since the
refrm and pening-up．
C． The article is primarily fcused n the histrical use f fd ratin cupns in China．
D． The article is an explratin f mdern Chinese purchasing habits, particularly regarding nline shpping．
B阅读理解（原创）
A famus magazine called The Paris Review did smething really special – they talked t a Chinese writer named Yu Hua． It was the first time a Chinese authr gt t share their thughts in a part f the magazine that fcuses n writers．
Yu Hua was brn in 1960 and writes bks that make yu think abut big questins like why we’re here and what happens when we die． His stries are abut peple frm China wh g thrugh a lt f changes．
One f Yu’s bks is called “T Live,”《活着》 and tells abut a guy named Xu Fugui wh never gives up, even when things get really tugh． Anther stry, “Chrnicle f a Bld Merchant,”《许三观卖血记》is abut Xu Sanguan, wh has t sell his wn bld t face prblems in life． But then he gets really sad when nbdy needs his bld．
Even thugh Yu’s stries might make yu feel a bit sad, he’s a funny guy in real life． He even jked abut wanting t be a writer s n alarm clck wuld wake him up! When Yu was a kid, he used t beat the heat by sleeping in a cl place where they kept peple wh had passed away． And smetimes, he’d pretend his tummy hurt s much, they thught he needed surgery!
His experiences turned int stries that really grab peple’s attentin—especially yung readers． They like hw Yu understands what’s ppular and desn’t sund like he’s teaching a lessn． He even talked abut “lying flat,” a way t describe hw peple decide nt t cmpete all the time． Sme yung fans say that they cmpletely get what he means and think it’s cl．
This way f cnnecting with yung peple withut being t serius is ne reasn why Yu Hua is liked s much． A student wh likes his bks said that Yu knws hw t talk t yung readers by being funny and relatable, even calling himself a ‘scruffy little dg’ like it’s a badge f hnr．
1．What is special abut The Paris Review’s interactin with Yu Hua?
A． Yu Hua has becme their new editr．
B． It was the first time fr a Chinese authr in a specific sectin f the magazine．
C． Yu Hua was discussing his future bk plans in the magazine．
D． The magazine featured Yu Hua as the mst influential Chinese writer．
2． What d we knw abut Yu Hua and his wrks?
A． He is the mst prductive Chinese writer．
B． He has wn the Nbel Prize in Literature．
C． His bks ffer insights （洞察）int human nature．
D． His nvels are based n real-life stries．
2．What is “lying flat” in the cntext f the article?
A． A new trend in China’s yung generatin t avid cmpetitin．
B． A cncept in Yu Hua’s stry t represent a passive character．
C． A writing style that Yu Hua adpted fr his bks．
D． Yu Hua’s belief in the imprtance f rest fr prductivity．
4．Accrding t the article, why is Yu Hua ppular amng yung readers?
A． His supernatural stries abut afterlife experiences．
B． His strict teaching methd in writing and literature．
C． His ability t engage with yuthful audiences using humr and relevance．
D． His detailed autbigraphies that inspire yung readers．
5．Which statement best captures the main idea f the article?
A． Yu Hua’s humrus persnality marks a cntrast with his prfund writing．
B． The Paris Review hnrs Yu Hua fr his cntributin t Chinese literature．
C． Yu Hua shares insights int his persnal life and cnnectin with yung readers．
D． Yu Hua, a Chinese writer, is gaining internatinal recgnitin fr his wrk．
C阅读理解
The human brain is a pwerful natural cmputer that has evlved ver tens f thusands f years． But what wuld yu get if yu cmbined this bilgical cmputer with a real ne?
Researchers at Indiana University Blmingtn in the US have linked human brain-like tissues t an electrnic chip (芯片), which can perfrm simple cmputer tasks． Their creatin, named Brainware, is part f a grwing field called bilgical cmputing that might ne day utperfrm (超过) current cmputers, accrding t Nature．
The brain-like tissues the researchers used, als knwn as brain rganids (类器官), weren’t part f a living persn’s brain． They were “grwn” frm human stem cells (干细胞), which are capable f prducing different types f cells and frming bdy tissues． It tk tw mnths fr the stem cells t mature int an rganid．
The researchers then placed ne rganid nt an electrnic chip with thusands f electrdes (电极)． Althugh rganids are much simpler and smaller than an actual brain, they act similarly t human brains, such as respnding t electrical signals, which is what ur brain des all the time． These respnses lead t changes in the brain, which fuel ur ability t learn．
T test Brainware, the researchers used it fr vice recgnitin by training it with 240 Japanese recrdings spken by eight speakers． They fund that the rganid reacted differently tward each vice． With an accuracy f 78 percent, it successfully identified the speakers by shwing different neural (神经的) activities．
What’s special abut Brainware is that researchers can take advantage f the rganid’s cmplexity withut understanding its cell netwrks, accrding t Daily Mail． In ther wrds, scientists dn’t need t knw exactly hw the rganid wrks in rder t use it．
Accrding t the researchers’ wrk published in December, cmbining rganids and electrnic chips culd increase the speed and efficiency f AI in the future． Als, such mdels can be used t study human brains, accrding t Nature． Using Brainware t mdel and study neurlgical disrders (神经系统疾病), such as Alzheimer’s disease, is ne example． It culd als be used t test the effects f different treatments fr such diseases． “That’s where the prmise is: using these t ne day hpefully replace animal mdels f the brain,” Arti Ahluwalia, a researcher in Italy, tld Nature．
1． What can we learn abut the tissues used by the researchers frm the text?
A． They were artificially cnstructed．
B． They were harvested frm dead human bdies．
C． They frmed a cmplete human brain．
D． They were cultured frm specific human cells．
2． What achievement did Brainware accmplishin the vice recgnitin test?
A． Distinguishing the vices between speakers．
B． Understanding the cntent f the recrdings．
C． Shwing preferences fr sme f the vices．
D． Crrectly matching all the speakers with their vices．
3． What makes Brainware distinctive, accrding t Daily Mail?
A． N in-depth knwledge f rganids is needed t use it．
B． Its cmplexity is easy t learn and understand．
C． It pens up new pssibilities fr studyinghuman brains．
D． Its cell netwrks are exactly the same as thse f human brains．
4． What des the last paragraph fcus n regarding Brainware?
A． Its influence n AI technlgy．B． Its cntributin t animal welfare．
C． Its ptential applicatins．D． Its underlying prblems．
D阅读理解
Grgsaurus (戈尔冈龙) is a cusin f T． rex (霸王龙)． It lived abut 75 millin years ag in ancient Alberta, Canada． Nw, a fssil (化石) f a yung Grgsaurus is helping scientists understand the diet f this type f dinsaurs． It’s the first skeletn (骨骼) f this dinsaur type ever fund with stmach cntents (胃内容物) still inside, said The New Yrk Times．
When being lked at in a museum in 2010, the fssil f the yung Grgsaurus was fund t have te bnes (脚趾骨) that belnged t anther type f dinsaur．They were the tes f tw parrt-like dinsaurs called caenagnathids (近颌龙科)． The yung Grgsaurus had eaten their legs which were rich in prtein (蛋白质)．
“This fssil prvides the first direct evidence (证据) that yung Grgsaurus was still feeding n smaller animals cmpared t the adult Grgsaurus,” said scientist Darla Zelenitsky at the University f Calgary, Canada． She shared her findings in a new study．
Grgsaurus may nt have been actively (积极地) feeding its yung, and the yung had t take care f themselves, Thmas Cullen frm Auburn University, in the US, tld Natinal Gegraphic． The yung Grgsaurus was abut 13 percent f an adult Grgsaurus in size． Bth the hunter and its prey (猎物) were less than ne year ld． Little dinsaurs were easy prey fr yung Grgsaurus and T． rex t practice their hunting skills． When Grgsaurus and T． rex grew up, they wuld eat larger dinsaurs fr fd．
In places in Asia and ther cntinents (大陆) where large T． rex lived, medium-sized dinsaurs culd als be fund． Hwever, in Nrth America, where Grgsaurus and T． rex lived, medium-sized dinsaurs were generally absent． The reasn behind this is that the medium-sized dinsaurs were n the plate f Grgsaurus and T． rex in Nrth America． “Hw Grgsaurus and T． rex grew up in Nrth America seems unique,” wrte Natinal Gegraphic．
1． Frm the fssil, we can learn that the Grgsaurus _____．
A． died yungB． was a femaleC． is a newly fund speciesD．was a small-sized dinsaur
2． What did scientists find frm the stmach cntents?
A． Caenagnathids were the main fd f Grgsaurus．
B． A yung Grgsaurus culd nly hunt small animals．
C． Caenagnathids died frm a lack f fd．
D． Caenagnathids nly ate smaller animals．
3． The wrd “prey” in Paragraph 4 refers t _____．
A． the caenagnathidsB． the GrgsaurusC． the T． rexD．the fssil
4． What d we knw frm Thmas Cullen?
A． Grgsaurus’ diet is hard t knw．
B． Grgsaurus lived alne since childhd．
C． Grgsaurus started t learn hunting skills frm childhd．
D． Grgsaurus culd nt fight large animals．
5． What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A． T． rex was the last living dinsaur species f that perid．
B． T． rex was picky abut its living envirnment．
C． T． rex was nly fund in Asia and Nrth America．
D． T． rex ate medium-sized dinsaurs all ver Nrth America．
E阅读理解（原创）
It’s nice fr smene t return the mney he r she fund t the wner． It’s als what peple need t d by law．
Recently, a university student left her smartphne in a restaurant． A man later picked it up． When the phne wner fund the man, he asked fr 2,000 yuan frm the wner． He even said that he wuld delete all the infrmatin n the phne if the wner wuldn’t give him the mney． The wner culdn’t prvide the mney, and she didn’t have t． The plice suggested that the wner shuld file a lawsuit (起诉) against the man．
Accrding t the Civil Cde (《民法典》), when yu find smething by accident, yu must nt keep it as yur wn．Yu can either tell the wner t cme and get it if yu can reach him r her． Or yu can hand it ver t the plice．
In ne situatin the finder can get mney frm the wner． By law, the wner shuld give back any mney the finder had t spend fr safekeeping． The wner shuld als cver the traveling expenses f the finder when he r she returns the lst thing． Other than this, the finder shuldn’t ask fr mre mney, such as a reward fr giving it back． If the finder keeps the lst things n purpse, he r she may face up t tw years in prisn if the lst things are very valuable ．
1． What shuld the student d t get her phne back?
A． Give the man 2,000 yuan．
B． Buy the man anther phne．
C． Get help frm the law．
D． Ask fr help frm the restaurant wner．
2． What shuld finders d if they cannt reach wners?
A． Put the things back where they were fund．
B． Wait fr the wners t lk fr them．
C． Hand ver the lst things t the plice．
D． Keep the lst things as their wn．
3． When can a finder ask the wner fr mney?
A． The lst thing is very expensive．
B． The finder gives the wner back their things．
C． The finder spends mney t help．
D． The wner lses the thing n purpse．
4． In which sectin f a magazine can yu read the text?
A． Laws and sciety．B． Human nature．
C． University curses．D． Accident and safety．
F阅读理解
Thusands f years ag, text (文本) appeared n animal bnes and bamb befre they were written n paper． Nw ancient Chinese texts have a “new cntainer (容器)” in the mdern age．
Recently, a research team frm Nanjing Agricultural University tgether with Gulian, a leading ancient Chinese text publisher, intrduced a large language mdel called Xunzi．
“Traditinal Chinese characters and the absence (缺失) f punctuatin marks (标点符号) are always making reading traditinal texts hard,” said Wang Dngb, wh led the research, explaining why they made the large language mdel．
T create this mdel, Wang and his partners did a lt f research n Chinese classics like Siku Quanshu (《四库全书》)r the Cmplete Library in Fur Sectins． “We had t wrk n tw billin (十亿) Chinese characters and ur wrk gave us a gd start,” said Wang．
Hwever, it is n easy jb． Wang said they need t learn these classics first and then mark the characters int different categries (分类), like adjectives (形容词) and nuns (名词), which are put int the mdel．
But their effrt seems t be paying ff． Nw, the mdel can help users understand and analyze (分析) ancient Chinese texts． Fr example, when users type “shangu” int the chat bx, they may nt nly get the infrmatin that “shangu” means “valley” but als learn that it culd be a persn’s curtesy name (字) in ancient Chinese texts．
“The mdel can help us learn mre infrmatin hidden in ur cultural legacy (文化遗产) and find unnticed (未被注意到的) cnnectins,” said Wang．
1． Wang Dngb and his team made the large language mdel t _____．
A．figure ut the ancient punctuatin marks
B．cllect all traditinal Chinese characters
C．make reading traditinal texts easier
D．d research n Chinese classics
2． Creating this large language mdel is _____．
A． difficultB． meaningless C． simple D．quick
3． The example in Paragraph 6 shws _____．
A． what the mdel can d B．why the mdel was created
C． what peple think abut the mdel D．what disadvantages the mdel has
4． Accrding t Wang, the new mdel can help us _____．
A．spread Chinese traditinal culture
B．learn ancient peple’s lives in the right way
C．learn the ideas f Xunzi better
D．better understand ur wn culture
G阅读（原创）
In China, there’s a lt f excitement abut businesses ging t space! Sme new cmpanies are wrking hard n rckets that can g t space mre than just nce． Their gal is t be as gd as the tp cmpanies in the wrld that d the same thing．
On December 10, ne rcket called SQX 2Y did its secnd test flight and did really well． This rcket cmes frm a cmpany in Beijing called iSpace． What’s cl abut this rcket is that it uses a certain kind f gas that is bth cheap and easy t get． Ji Haib, the guy wh is the main rcket creatr, said this flight shws their rcket can fly multiple times． He als said his team is getting really gd at sme imprtant spaceship building skills．
Then, there’s anther rcket named Zhuque 2． It had a big mment ging t space n December 9 frm a place called Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center． It was the third time Zhuque 2 successfully flew! And just a few days befre, n December 5, this same place saw the launch f anther rcket named CERES 1, which placed tw new satellites in the exact paths they’re suppsed t fllw． It was the 11th time fr the CERES 1 series．
All these rcket flights are prf f hw fast China’s space business is grwing． The gvernment’s help has made a big difference t．
Back in 2014, China decided t let private cmpanies get invlved in space wrk． This decisin created lts f new space cmpanies． Nw, China’s space business is huge, wrth mre than lts f mney (ver 1 trillin yuan), and there are mre than 400 cmpanies in it．
And there are even mre big plans fr the future． The cmpany that built Zhuque 2 has shared plans fr a new rcket called Zhuque 3． Planned fr 2025, Zhuque 3 will use the same cheap gas fr fuel, be made ut f strng metal, and yu can use it at least 20 times!
Liu Lei, wh is in charge f building rcket engines at LandSpace, says that because they keep researching and getting better, space cmpanies have figured ut gd ways t d things acrss all parts f their business． He thinks this will help the whle space business d really well and becme smething that lts f peple are interested in．
1．What is the name f the rcket that did its secnd test flight n December 10?
A．SQX 2YB．Zhuque 2C．CERES 1D．Zhuque 3
2．What is unique abut the gas used fr the SQX 2Y and planned Zhuque 3 rckets?
A． It is very expensive．B． It is difficult t find．
C． It is cheap and easily available．D． It allws rckets t travel faster．
3．Accrding t Liu Lei, what will help the whle space business d really well?
A．Research and imprvement by space cmpanies
B．Strng metal used in rcket cnstructin
C．The gvernment’s help
D．The use f cheap gas as fuel
4．What can be inferred abut the future f China’s space industry?
A． It is expected t decline due t a lack f gvernment supprt．
B． It will prbably face many technical issues and setbacks．
C． It has ambitius plans and is likely t cntinue grwing．
D． It will shift fcus t nly satellite launches and avid manned flights．
5．What is the main tpic f the article?
A．The invlvement f private cmpanies in space wrk
B．The successful test flights f Chinese rckets
C．Plans fr future space missins in China
D．China’s fast-grwing space business
语法填空（原创）
塞下曲
(王昌龄)
饮马渡秋水，水寒风似刀。
平沙日未没，黯黯见临洮。
昔日长城战，咸言意气高。
黄尘足今古，白骨乱蓬蒿。
Sng f the Frntier (II)
(Wang Changling)
We water hrses and crss autumn streams,
Like a swrd n water blws the wind cld．
On sandy plain the sun sheds parting beams,
In the glm lms the city wall f ld．
By the Great Wall we fught wars in the land;
Our warrirs’ fighting spirit was at its height．
Histry is buried in the yellw sand;
Amng the weeds are scattered the bnes white．
(Translated by Xu Yuanchng)
Wang Changling was a well-knwn pet frm the Tang Dynasty in ancient China, which was a time when art and literature flurished． He 1．___________(live) frm 698 t 756 AD and wrte many pems abut the2．_______(life) f sldiers and the struggles f war．
In his pem “Sng f the Frntier (II),” Wang Changling talks abut sldiers during autumn, when they water their hrses and feel the cld wind． The wind 3．__________(describe) as sharp as a knife, which shws hw hard the cnditins are fr the sldiers． He als talks abut the fading sun and the ld city walls, which creates a kind f sad and fading atmsphere．
The pem reflects n past battles and the bravery f the sldiers 4．__________were nce full f fighting spirit． But nw, all that’s left is the dust f histry and the bnes f the fallen sldiers scattered amng the weeds． The whiteness f the bnes shws that they have been there 5．__________ a lng time, frgtten by histry．
He uses imagery, which means he creates pictures in 6_____________(we) minds with his wrds． He shws us the cld wind, the ld walls, and the bnes in the sand． All f this helps us feel the sad md f the pem．
The pem’s main idea is abut 7____________( remember) the past． Wang Changling seems t be sad that the sldiers wh were nce full f 8___________(energetic) and fught hard are nw frgtten, their bnes lying with the land． He wants us 9___________(remember) these sldiers and think abut hw 10___________(brave) they fught． It’s a way f shwing respect fr them and thinking abut histry．
参考答案
A 阅读理解（原创）
【答案】BCCAB
【解析】本文阐述自改革开放以来中国经济的巨大转型以及这种转型对人们日常生活的影响。
1．B文章第一句提到“今年标志着改革开放开始的第45周年”，这说明本文提及的是改革开放45周年的纪念时刻。其他选项没有在文章中提到。
2． C根据第六段，Xia的祖母年轻时用粮票（liangpia，或称食品配给券）来获取食物配额。
3． C。根据第三段，Xu Zhenhe在1998年买了他的第一台日本相机，并提到当时只能在特定的商店买到这样的进口摄影器材且相机使用胶卷，因此我们可以推断那时进口摄影器材不那么常见，购买点有限。
4，B从Huang Kunrng分享的她年轻时的经历，我们可以推断出食物是有限的，并且必须使用粮票进行配给，基本食物有时也是稀缺的。她提到有时人们没有足够的大米吃，所以只能吃储存的粗粮，如甘薯。
5．B：文章主旨是阐述自改革开放以来中国经济的巨大转型以及这种转型对人们日常生活的影响。文章开头提到改革开放45周年，并提供了中国进出口总值的增长情况。接着，通过两个家庭的故事，一个是关于如何看待进口商品和摄影器材的变化，另一个是关于粮食供应和交易方法的变迁，显示了过去与现在的巨大差异。选项A只涉及摄影设备，未涵盖全文；选项C只针对历史上食品配给券的使用，也不代表全文；选项D只讨论了现代购物习惯，而忽略了历史对比和改革开放的背景。因此，选项B最全面地捕捉了文章的中心思想。
B阅读理解（原创）
【答案】BCACA
1．B．根据文章，The Paris Review特别之处在于他们让一位中国作家——余华——在关注作家的特定板块分享他的想法。这是第一次有中国作者参与这部分内容。
2．C．文章提到余华的书籍让人思考关于人类存在的大问题，例如我们为何存在，以及死后会发生什么。因此可以推断出他的作品提供了深刻的对人性的洞察。
3．A．根据文章的内容，“躺平”是指中国年轻一代选择不总是处于竞争状态的新趋势。这一表述体现了年轻人对这种选择的共鸣和认同。
4．C．文章中有学生表示，余华知道如何通过幽默和相关性与年轻读者沟通，甚至自称为“邋遢的小狗”，就像是一种荣誉。这表明他很受年轻读者的欢迎，因为他使用幽默并与他们产生共鸣。
5．A．文章的主要内容是描绘余华幽默的个性与他深刻写作之间的对比，以及他如何通过这种方式与年轻读者建立连接。余华虽然写作严肃，但个性幽默，不会表现得过于严肃。
C阅读理解
【答案】DAAC
【解析】美国印第安纳大学布卢明顿研究员将类脑组织与电子芯片结合，创造了能进行简单计算任务的"Brainware"。这种由人类干细胞培育而成的组织，在声音识别测试中表现出约78%的准确率。此技术未来有望应用于人工智能加速、研究人脑和神经疾病。
1．D文中提到研究员使用的脑样组织（brain rganids）是从人类干细胞“培养”出来的，这些干细胞能够产生不同类型的细胞并形成身体组织。因此，这些组织是从特定的人类细胞培养而来的。
2．A根据文中的描述，在声音识别测试中，研究员发现组织对每个声音有不同的反应，并且以78%的准确率成功地通过显示不同的神经活动来识别说话者。这表明Brainware完成了区分不同说话者的声音。
3．A据《每日邮报》报道，Brainware的特别之处在于研究人员可以利用组织的复杂性，而无需理解其细胞网络。也就是说，科学家不需要精确知道组织是如何工作的就可以使用它。
4．C在最后一段中，重点讨论了Brainware的潜在应用，例如，使用它来建模和研究神经系统疾病，如阿尔茨海默病，以及使用它来测试不同治疗方法的效果。这表明最后一段聚焦于Brainware的未来应用前景。
D阅读理解
【答案】ABABD
【解析】加拿大发现一幼年戈尔冈龙化石，胃中有其猎食近颌龙科恐龙趾骨，揭露了其幼年食性，并反映北美的独特生态现象。
1．A根据文章第一段描述，我们可以得知找到的戈尔冈龙化石是一只幼年体，因此应该是死得较年轻。
2．B科学家通过研究化石的胃内容物发现了其他恐龙的脚趾骨，这提供了直接证据，说明年轻的戈尔冈龙当时食用的是相比成年戈尔冈龙较小的动物。
3．A第4段中的"prey"指的是戈尔冈龙的食物，文中前文曾提到戈尔冈龙食用了两只近颌龙科小恐龙的腿，故"prey"在此指的是这些被捕食的近颌龙科小恐龙。
4．B据Thmas Cullen的说法，戈尔冈龙可能没有积极地喂养它们的幼仔，幼龙需要自己照顾自己，这表明戈尔冈龙从幼年开始就独立生活。
5．D从最后一段可以推断，在北美洲，大型的T． rex和戈尔冈龙的食谱上考虑包括中型恐龙，这可能是为何在北美中型恐龙种类数量较少的原因。
E阅读理解（原创）
【答案】CCCA
1 C．学生应当通过法律手段来寻回自己的手机。根据《民法典》，捡到东西的人不能把它当作自己的财产，而且文章中提到，警方建议所有者提起诉讼。
2 C．如果捡到物品的人联系不到失主，他们应该将物品交给警察。根据《民法典》，这是他们应当采取的行动。
3．C．只有在捡拾者为保管物品而支出了费用时，才能要求失主支付相应的费用。这包括了为了安全保管失物所必须支出的费用，以及归还失物时发生的差旅费用。
4． A．这篇文章可能出现在一本杂志的“法律和社会”版块，因为文章提到了《民法典》中关于捡到遗失物品时应当采取的行为，以及捡拾者和失主的法律责任。
F阅读理解
【答案】CAAD
【解析】南京农业大学研究团队与古籍出版商推出“荀子”模型，帮助解读传统文本，增进对文化遗产的理解。
1．C王东波和他的团队开发这个大型语言模型是为了使阅读传统文本更容易，因为他提到了传统中文字符和缺少标点符号让阅读变得困难，这说明他们制作语言模型的动机在于解决阅读上的难点。
2．A创建这个大型语言模型是一个困难的工作。王表示需要先学习这些经典，然后对字符进行分类，这些都是制作模型过程中的复杂步骤。
3．A第六段的例子展示了该模型能够提供的功能，如在聊天框中输入“shangu”时，用户不仅能得知它的意思是“valley（山谷）”，还能了解到在古代中文文本中它可能是人的字。
4．D根据王的说法，新模型可以帮助我们更好地理解我们自己的文化，因为模型能揭示文化遗产中隐藏的信息和未被注意到的联系。
G阅读（原创）
【答案】ACACD
【解析】中国太空商业迅猛发展，出现了多家公司制造多次飞行的火箭，如北京iSpace的SQX 2Y等。政府自2014起支持私企进入，使市场蓬勃，朱雀2等火箭多次成功发射，朱雀3计划2025年问世。
1．A12月10日进行第二次测试飞行的火箭叫做SQX 2Y。
2． C．文章中指出，SQX 2Y火箭使用了一种既便宜又容易获得的气体，没提及速度因素，所以选择C。
3． A．根据刘雷的说法，研究和改进将有助于整个航天业务取得良好发展。
4． C．文章最后一段提到中国太空业有更宏大的计划，并且提到了朱雀2号的制造商已经分享了一种新火箭朱雀3号的计划，所以可以推断中国太空产业预期将持续增长，选择C。
5．D．China’s fast-grwing space business文章的主要话题是中国快速增长的航天业务。
语法填空（原创）
【答案】1．lived 2．lives 3．is described 4．wh/that 5．fr 6．ur 7．remembering 8．energy9．t remember
10．bravely