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易错点02 名词（5大陷阱易错点）-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题（新高考专用）
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01 易错陷阱（5大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】可数名词复数形式规则变化易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】可数名词复数形式不规则变化易混易错点
【易错点提醒三】复合名词复数形式易混易错点
【易错点提醒四】复数形式表示特殊意义的名词易混易错点
【易错点提醒五】名词的所有格易混易错点
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：可数名词复数形式规则变化易混易错点。
【分析】名词变复数一般在词尾加-s, 但是还有很多并非直接加-s的规则变化，是高考的重要考点，需要牢记。
【规律总结】
【易错点拨】
1.第四条规律中，笔者根据多年一线教学经验，总结出下列顺口溜变f或fe为v,再加es.
小偷妻子切面包，半片树叶当作刀，狼保己命架后藏。
thief-thieves wife-wives thief-thieves laf-laves half-halves leaf-leaves knife-knives wlf-wlves self-selves life-lives shelf-shelves
对比：chief-chiefs首领 rf-rfs屋顶 prf-prfs证据 belief-beliefs信仰
有些以辅音字母+结尾的名词变复数，直接加-s。
pian-pians pht-phts kil-kils
易错陷阱2：可数名词复数形式不规则变化易混易错点。
【规律总结】
【易错点拨】 German-Germans德国人
易错陷阱3：复合名词的复数变化形式易混易错点。
【分析】复合名词变复数时，将主体名词变复数，没有主体名词的在词尾加-s。
【经典示例】
passer-by passers-by过路人； lker-n lkers-n 旁观者；
step-mther step-mthers 继母； byfriend byfriends男朋友；
grwn-up grwn-ups 成年人； g-between g-betweens中间人；
【易错点拨】 主体词被man和wman修饰时，这两个词要连同主体词一起变成复数。
a man dctr-tw men dctrs； a wman dctr -tw wmen dctrs;
易错陷阱4：复数形式表示特殊意义的名词易混易错点。
【分析】有些名词的单复数形式不同意义大不相同，作为常考点，其意义对文章的理解起重要作用。
【经典示例】
arm胳膊-arms武器； grass草-grasses草原； paper纸张-papers论文；
peple人们-peples民族； wd木头-wds树林； irn布-irns熨斗；
wrk工作-wrks工厂； time时间-times时代； line线路-lines台词；
water水-waters水域； wind风-winds风向； fish鱼肉；条数-fishes种类；
pssessin拥有-pssessins财产；
易错陷阱5：名词的所有格易混易错点。
【分析】1.有生命的名词所有格一般在词尾加’s。如果以s结尾的词，只加’即可。
2.一样东西为两者共有，只在后一个名词后加’s；不是共有的，两个名词后面都加’s。【经典示例】
the president’s rm总统的房间；
Engels’ wrks恩格斯的著作； students’ unin学生会
Mary and Lily’s rm玛丽和莉莉的房间；（共有）
Mary’s and Lily’s bks玛丽和莉莉的书；（不共有）
【易错点提醒一】 可数名词复数形式规则变化易混易错点
【例1】 （广东省深圳市红岭中学2023-2024学年高三统考试题）The buildings in the Frbidden City are all cvered with yellw glazed tile (琉璃瓦) (rf) with red clumns and high walls beneath, symblizing the nble status f the ryal family.
【变式1】 （广东省2023-2024学年6校高三联考） This stne tablet is relatively well preserved with clear characters, which is significant fr studying cultural and ecnmic (activity) in the suthern part f Hebei during the Qing Dynasty.
【变式2】（湖北省腾云联盟2023-2024年高三联考试题）Wang rganized all the ______(husewife)wh stayed behind and started the first supprt grup fr such wmen in Taiping Village.
【变式3】（江苏省连云港2023-2024年高三试题）On such a brilliant and marvelus night, the_____ (participate) are verjyed by the grand spectacle and the atmsphere f celebratin.
【易错点提醒二】可数名词复数形式不规则变化易混易错点
【例2】 （2023年江苏省南京市高三检测） It was then that she became attracted by the way these seemingly cnfident_______(wman) held themselves.
【变式1】（2023年全国高三专项练习）They discvered that the upper and lwer frnt (tth) f ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard t prduce labidentals.
【易错点提醒三】复合名词复数形式易混易错点
【例3】（2023年全国专项练习）There was nce a family cnsisting f a father, his fur sns, and his three_______(daughter-in-law).
【变式1】（2023年全国专项练习）Children usually play this kinds f wrd game better than ______(grwn-up).
【变式2】（2023年全国专项练习）Mst f the time _______(lker-n) see mre than players, r different with players.
【易错点提醒四】复数形式表示特殊意义的名词易混易错点
【例4】（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试）The term “stper”was cined in the US after a lt f peple put their used r underused (belng) in frnt f their drsteps t be taken away fr free by thse in need.
【变式1】（2024届江苏省徐州市沛县高三模拟）The secnd part will sec educatin experts guide Chinese learning frm their (wrk).
【易错点提醒五】名词所有格易混易错点
【例5】（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）During a visit earlier this year t the crwded and nisy market in the (city) Wuning subdistrict, Ma Fenghua, head f the lcal trade unin federatin, fund a child ding hmewrk near a street stall.
【变式1】（湖北省宜荆荆恩2023-2024学年高三起点试题）Because f the humid climate in Liuzhu, peple tend t lse their appetite, but the spicy and sur taste stimulates (peple) appetite.
【变式2】 （2023年河北省秦皇岛市高三摸底试题）Suzhu is a beautiful city in east _______（China）Jiangsu Prvince.
1．（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right befre the ________ (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and cnfident speaking English.
2.（2023年浙江卷1月）Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry as capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric (event).
3.（江苏省常熟市2023-2024学年高三10月抽测试题）Liu and her team came up with the idea deciding t chse the clthes including qixing ruqun, a typical chest-high Chinese skirt in Tang Dynasty, and the wedding dress in Ming Dynasty, a ppular lng uter cat with lse and lng (sleeve) in Sng Dynasty.
4.（湖北省武汉市硚口区2023-2024学年高三质检）“Realizing the valley was suitable fr grwing tea, since 2018, we have imprved the management f the tea plantatin, intrduced advanced planting techniques and prvided training fr (village),” Huang said.
5.（湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题）Sme said they can match hanfu frm different dynasties tgether, r with mdern clthing, accrding t their wn (prefer).
6.（湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Nt far frm Mei’s address, the first theater fr Peking Opera (perfrm) was created in 1954, five years after the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China.
7.（湖南省岳阳市湘阴校联考2023-2024学年试题）The trading activity has brught culture exchange, religins spreading and cntrasts t the cnnected (regin) and frmed a remarkable culture tie featured by Asian, Eurpean and the Mediterranean bank.
8.（湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校2023-2024学年高三试题）In the late 90s and early 2000s, it faced fierce freign cmpetitin, frcing it t evlve its (strategy) t becme nimbler.
9.（湖南省炎德名校2023-2024学年高三试题）Hearing birdsng is a (remind) that we’re nt alne in the great utdrs — r in life.
10.（湖南省三湘创新发展联合体2023-2024学年高三试题）The Art f War is divided int 13 chapters, in which Sun stresses the imprtance f psitining in military strategy and (flexible) in respnding t ever-changing situatins n the battlefield.
11.（湖南省邵东市第三中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Wupeng bat has nw becme the symbl f Shaxing. The famus Chinese writer Lu Xun mentined this bat in many f his (publicatin) because flating in a Wupeng bat is nt nly part f his childhd but als peple’s life in Shaxing.
12.（2024届浙江省强基联盟适应性考试试题）I had pretty utging, cnfident parents, and there are sme____ (study) that suggest the mre cnfident r utspken a parent in childhd, the shyer a child culd ptentially becme.
13.（2023年广东省佛山市顺德区均安中学高三拉练试题) (ck) use spring bamb shts and fresh prk as fillings f it.
14.（广东省江门市新会一中2023-2024学年高三试题) She put all her (energy) int her wrk.
15.（广东省佛山市南海区2023-2024学年高三测试题）the event’s pening ceremny was attended by mre than 100 guests, including gvernment fficials frm bth sides, as well as_______ (representative) frm Italy.
1.一般在词尾加-s
ty-tys car-cars
2.以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加-es
glass-glasses bx-bxes watch-watches dish-dishes
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es
city-cities baby-babies cuntry-cuntries
4.以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v加-es
thief-thieves wife-wives laf-laves life-lives
5.以辅音字母+结尾的名词，一般加-es,元音字母+结尾的名词一般加-s
her-heres ptat-ptates tmat-tmates vide-vides radi-radis z-zs
单复数同形
deer, fish鱼（条数）,sheep,cattle,means,aircraft,series,species,plice,Chinese中国人，Japanese日本人
变内部元音
ft-feet tth-teeth man-men muse-mice gse-geese wman-wmen
特殊变形
x-xen child-children basis-bases crisis-crises medium-media bacterium-bacteria analysis-analyses datum-data
01 易错陷阱（5大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】可数名词复数形式规则变化易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】可数名词复数形式不规则变化易混易错点
【易错点提醒三】复合名词复数形式易混易错点
【易错点提醒四】复数形式表示特殊意义的名词易混易错点
【易错点提醒五】名词的所有格易混易错点
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：可数名词复数形式规则变化易混易错点。
【分析】名词变复数一般在词尾加-s, 但是还有很多并非直接加-s的规则变化，是高考的重要考点，需要牢记。
【规律总结】
【易错点拨】
1.第四条规律中，笔者根据多年一线教学经验，总结出下列顺口溜变f或fe为v,再加es.
小偷妻子切面包，半片树叶当作刀，狼保己命架后藏。
thief-thieves wife-wives thief-thieves laf-laves half-halves leaf-leaves knife-knives wlf-wlves self-selves life-lives shelf-shelves
对比：chief-chiefs首领 rf-rfs屋顶 prf-prfs证据 belief-beliefs信仰
有些以辅音字母+结尾的名词变复数，直接加-s。
pian-pians pht-phts kil-kils
易错陷阱2：可数名词复数形式不规则变化易混易错点。
【规律总结】
【易错点拨】 German-Germans德国人
易错陷阱3：复合名词的复数变化形式易混易错点。
【分析】复合名词变复数时，将主体名词变复数，没有主体名词的在词尾加-s。
【经典示例】
passer-by passers-by过路人； lker-n lkers-n 旁观者；
step-mther step-mthers 继母； byfriend byfriends男朋友；
grwn-up grwn-ups 成年人； g-between g-betweens中间人；
【易错点拨】 主体词被man和wman修饰时，这两个词要连同主体词一起变成复数。
a man dctr-tw men dctrs； a wman dctr -tw wmen dctrs;
易错陷阱4：复数形式表示特殊意义的名词易混易错点。
【分析】有些名词的单复数形式不同意义大不相同，作为常考点，其意义对文章的理解起重要作用。
【经典示例】
arm胳膊-arms武器； grass草-grasses草原； paper纸张-papers论文；
peple人们-peples民族； wd木头-wds树林； irn布-irns熨斗；
wrk工作-wrks工厂； time时间-times时代； line线路-lines台词；
water水-waters水域； wind风-winds风向； fish鱼肉；条数-fishes种类；
pssessin拥有-pssessins财产；
易错陷阱5：名词的所有格易混易错点。
【分析】1.有生命的名词所有格一般在词尾加’s。如果以s结尾的词，只加’即可。
2.一样东西为两者共有，只在后一个名词后加’s；不是共有的，两个名词后面都加’s。【经典示例】
the president’s rm总统的房间；
Engels’ wrks恩格斯的著作； students’ unin学生会
Mary and Lily’s rm玛丽和莉莉的房间；（共有）
Mary’s and Lily’s bks玛丽和莉莉的书；（不共有）
【易错点提醒一】 可数名词复数形式规则变化易混易错点
【例1】 （广东省深圳市红岭中学2023-2024学年高三统考试题）The buildings in the Frbidden City are all cvered with yellw glazed tile (琉璃瓦) (rf) with red clumns and high walls beneath, symblizing the nble status f the ryal family.
【变式1】 （广东省2023-2024学年6校高三联考） This stne tablet is relatively well preserved with clear characters, which is significant fr studying cultural and ecnmic (activity) in the suthern part f Hebei during the Qing Dynasty.
【变式2】（湖北省腾云联盟2023-2024年高三联考试题）Wang rganized all the ______(husewife)wh stayed behind and started the first supprt grup fr such wmen in Taiping Village.
【变式3】（江苏省连云港2023-2024年高三试题）On such a brilliant and marvelus night, the_____ (participate) are verjyed by the grand spectacle and the atmsphere f celebratin.
【易错点提醒二】可数名词复数形式不规则变化易混易错点
【例2】 （2023年江苏省南京市高三检测） It was then that she became attracted by the way these seemingly cnfident_______(wman) held themselves.
【变式1】（2023年全国高三专项练习）They discvered that the upper and lwer frnt (tth) f ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard t prduce labidentals.
【易错点提醒三】复合名词复数形式易混易错点
【例3】（2023年全国专项练习）There was nce a family cnsisting f a father, his fur sns, and his three_______(daughter-in-law).
【变式1】（2023年全国专项练习）Children usually play this kinds f wrd game better than ______(grwn-up).
【变式2】（2023年全国专项练习）Mst f the time _______(lker-n) see mre than players, r different with players.
【易错点提醒四】复数形式表示特殊意义的名词易混易错点
【例4】（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试）The term “stper”was cined in the US after a lt f peple put their used r underused (belng) in frnt f their drsteps t be taken away fr free by thse in need.
【变式1】（2024届江苏省徐州市沛县高三模拟）The secnd part will sec educatin experts guide Chinese learning frm their (wrk).
【易错点提醒五】名词所有格易混易错点
【例5】（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）During a visit earlier this year t the crwded and nisy market in the (city) Wuning subdistrict, Ma Fenghua, head f the lcal trade unin federatin, fund a child ding hmewrk near a street stall.
【变式1】（湖北省宜荆荆恩2023-2024学年高三起点试题）Because f the humid climate in Liuzhu, peple tend t lse their appetite, but the spicy and sur taste stimulates (peple) appetite.
【变式2】 （2023年河北省秦皇岛市高三摸底试题）Suzhu is a beautiful city in east _______（China）Jiangsu Prvince.
1．（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right befre the ________ (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and cnfident speaking English.
2.（2023年浙江卷1月）Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry as capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric (event).
3.（江苏省常熟市2023-2024学年高三10月抽测试题）Liu and her team came up with the idea deciding t chse the clthes including qixing ruqun, a typical chest-high Chinese skirt in Tang Dynasty, and the wedding dress in Ming Dynasty, a ppular lng uter cat with lse and lng (sleeve) in Sng Dynasty.
4.（湖北省武汉市硚口区2023-2024学年高三质检）“Realizing the valley was suitable fr grwing tea, since 2018, we have imprved the management f the tea plantatin, intrduced advanced planting techniques and prvided training fr (village),” Huang said.
5.（湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题）Sme said they can match hanfu frm different dynasties tgether, r with mdern clthing, accrding t their wn (prefer).
6.（湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Nt far frm Mei’s address, the first theater fr Peking Opera (perfrm) was created in 1954, five years after the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China.
7.（湖南省岳阳市湘阴校联考2023-2024学年试题）The trading activity has brught culture exchange, religins spreading and cntrasts t the cnnected (regin) and frmed a remarkable culture tie featured by Asian, Eurpean and the Mediterranean bank.
8.（湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校2023-2024学年高三试题）In the late 90s and early 2000s, it faced fierce freign cmpetitin, frcing it t evlve its (strategy) t becme nimbler.
9.（湖南省炎德名校2023-2024学年高三试题）Hearing birdsng is a (remind) that we’re nt alne in the great utdrs — r in life.
10.（湖南省三湘创新发展联合体2023-2024学年高三试题）The Art f War is divided int 13 chapters, in which Sun stresses the imprtance f psitining in military strategy and (flexible) in respnding t ever-changing situatins n the battlefield.
11.（湖南省邵东市第三中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Wupeng bat has nw becme the symbl f Shaxing. The famus Chinese writer Lu Xun mentined this bat in many f his (publicatin) because flating in a Wupeng bat is nt nly part f his childhd but als peple’s life in Shaxing.
12.（2024届浙江省强基联盟适应性考试试题）I had pretty utging, cnfident parents, and there are sme____ (study) that suggest the mre cnfident r utspken a parent in childhd, the shyer a child culd ptentially becme.
13.（2023年广东省佛山市顺德区均安中学高三拉练试题) (ck) use spring bamb shts and fresh prk as fillings f it.
14.（广东省江门市新会一中2023-2024学年高三试题) She put all her (energy) int her wrk.
15.（广东省佛山市南海区2023-2024学年高三测试题）the event’s pening ceremny was attended by mre than 100 guests, including gvernment fficials frm bth sides, as well as_______ (representative) frm Italy.
1.一般在词尾加-s
ty-tys car-cars
2.以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加-es
glass-glasses bx-bxes watch-watches dish-dishes
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es
city-cities baby-babies cuntry-cuntries
4.以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v加-es
thief-thieves wife-wives laf-laves life-lives
5.以辅音字母+结尾的名词，一般加-es,元音字母+结尾的名词一般加-s
her-heres ptat-ptates tmat-tmates vide-vides radi-radis z-zs
单复数同形
deer, fish鱼（条数）,sheep,cattle,means,aircraft,series,species,plice,Chinese中国人，Japanese日本人
变内部元音
ft-feet tth-teeth man-men muse-mice gse-geese wman-wmen
特殊变形
x-xen child-children basis-bases crisis-crises medium-media bacterium-bacteria analysis-analyses datum-data
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