北师大版高中英语必修第一册UNIT1 Section C课时学案含答案

这是一份北师大版高中英语必修第一册UNIT1 Section C课时学案含答案，共30页。
Section C　Lesson 2　Understanding and Coping with StressⅠ.基础词汇1．____________ n. 职位；位置2．____________ vi.& vt. 遭受(痛苦)3．____________ n. 专家，行家4．____________ vt. 减少；降低；缩小5．____________ adv. 因此，因而，从而6．____________ n. 军队，武装力量7．____________ adv. 向/在城镇商业中心区8．____________ vt. 寻求；请求9．____________ vi. 运转，工作　n. 功能10．____________ n. 程度Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．stress n．压力；忧虑；紧张　vt.使有压力→________ adj.焦虑的，紧张的(形容人的心态)→________adj.压力大的，充满压力的(形容事物特点)2．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的→________ adv.坦率地3．edit v．编辑，校对→________ n．编辑，主编→________ n．版本；(报纸、杂志的)一份4. move v．移动，搬动→________ vt.移走；去掉→________ n．运动5．absolute adj.完全的；绝对的→________ adv.正是，当然6．tense adj.紧张的→________ n．紧张；焦虑7．organ n．器官→organise vt.组织，筹划→________ n．组织→________ n．组织者8．profession n．职业，行业→________ adj.专业的，职业的→________ n．教授9．function n．功能；作用；职能；机能　vt.起作用；运转→________ adj.实用的，作用的，功能的→________ adv.功能地，职务上地10．militia n．民兵组织；国民卫队→________ n．军队；武装力量Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)(A) 写出下面短语的汉意1．organise your work or studies ________________2．in other words ________________3．make a list ________________4．function properly ________________5．seek professional help ________________6．mind doing sth. ________________7．to be frank ________________8．remove stress ________________9．cause stress ________________10．more often than not ________________11．due to ________________12．take/do exams ________________13．social situations ________________14．leisure activities ________________15．wait for exam results ________________16．suffer from stress ________________17．can't stand doing sth. ________________18．get nervous ________________19．make lots of mistakes ________________20．sit around ________________21．do nothing at all ________________(B) 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语1．________________ 工作/学习压力2．________________ 社会压力3．________________ 在多大程度上4．________________ 在某种程度上5．________________ 问得好6．________________ 记笔记7．________________ 在人生的某个阶段8．________________ 尤其，特别9．________________ 令人有压力的活动10．________________ 令人放松的活动11．________________ 减轻压力12．________________ 作预测13．________________ 常识14．________________ 个人经验15．________________ 压力方面的专家►第一版块|重点单词诠释1)stress n．压力；忧虑；紧张；强调，重要性　vt.使紧张；强调，着重；重读) (教材原句)UNDERSTANDING AND COPING WITH STRESS理解和应对压力(1)n.压力；忧虑；紧张；强调，重要性relieve/lower/cause/reduce stress 缓解压力/降低压力/造成压力/减轻压力lay/put/place stress on sth. 强调某事suffer from/cope with/deal with stress 承受/处理/应对压力under stress 在压力下❶My parents lay great stress on honesty.我的父母很注重诚实。❷Katy could think clearly when not under stress.凯蒂在没有压力时能够清晰地思考。(2)vt.使紧张；强调，着重；重读　　　　stress the importance of 强调……的重要性stress that... 强调……❸In his lecture, he stressed the importance of idiomatic usage.他在演讲中强调了习惯用法的重要性。❹In English, speakers can stress words they think are important.在英语中，说话者可以重读他们认为重要的词汇。❺My parents had confidence in me, but I felt very stressed and nervous.父母对我充满信心，但我感到非常焦虑和紧张。❻I think I've got one of the most stressful jobs there is.我想我得到的这份工作是其中压力最大的工作之一。[拓展]　stressed adj.(人)焦虑的，紧张的→stressful adj.(事物)充满压力的，紧张的[短语]　feel stressed感到焦虑/紧张a stressful task一项有压力的任务[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Japanese car makers are laying ever more stress ________ foreign sales.②When you're not ________ (stress), you can produce more.③Things can easily go wrong when people are ________ stress.④She had a ________ (stress) job as a sales manager.完成句子⑤By distracting (分心) the mind from the pain, music, people say, can ______________ (降低压力) and anxiety levels.⑥The course ______________ (非常强调……的重要性) of oral communication.⑦People ________________(在压力下) may experience headaches, minor pains, and sleeping difficulties.2)suffer vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨　vt.遭受，蒙受(→suffering n．痛苦，苦难　sufferer n．受难者；受苦者；患病者)) (教材原句)kinds of people suffering from stress正在遭受压力的人的类型suffer from 忍受，遭受；患……病；受……之苦suffer from eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(a bad back/a bad cold背疼/患重感冒,ill health/a headache身体不好/头疼)) suffer pain/hardship 经历痛苦/困难suffer a defeat/a loss/damage 遭受挫败/损失/损害❶They suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.他们在经济危机时遭受了巨大的损失。❷We all have to suffer at some time.我们都不免有受苦的时候。❸These plants cannot suffer a cold winter.这些植物耐不住寒冬。❹The disease has caused widespread human suffering.这种疾病给许许多多的人带来了苦难。❺Relief was quickly sent to the sufferers from the great fire.救济品很快被送到遭受大火的灾民手中。[特别提醒]　suffer (vi.) from的宾语一般是痛苦的原因，表“因……而受苦”；suffer (vt.)的宾语往往是非疾病类的词语，如失败、损失、惩罚、困难等[即学即练]　单句语法填空①She is a ________ (suffer) of what's called “social anxiety”．②She survived from the Second World War, but she suffered ________ a weak heart．③It has caused terrible ________ (suffer) to animals.④Even after years as a singer, he still suffers ________ nerves before a performance.完成句子⑤I ____________________ (遭受痛苦) when my teeth are exposed to heat.⑥Many companies are __________________________ (苦于缺乏熟练员工).3)reduce vt.减少；降低；缩小；使沦落(→reduction n．减少；降低；减价)) (教材原句)ways to reduce stress减轻压力的方法reduce...by... 把……减少了……(by表示减少的程度或幅度)reduce...to... 把……降低到……(to表示减少的最终结果)reduce...from...to... 把……从……减少到……reduce sb./sth. to... 使某人/某物陷入……境地或沦落到……下场❶She reduced her weight by 6 kilogrammes.她的体重减少了6公斤。❷He has reduced the price of that type of air­conditioner from 1，500 yuan to 1，000 yuan.他已经把那种型号的空调价格从1500元下降到了1000元。❸The number of employees was reduced from 40 to 25.雇员人数从45减少到了25。❹They are aiming to reduce unemployment by 50%.他们正力求使失业人数下降50%。❺He was reduced to begging for a living.他沦落到以乞讨为生。❻There has been some reduction in unemployment.失业人数有所减少。❼You will have a reduction for cash.付现金可以打折。,　　　　 [拓展]　reduce learning effciency降低学习效率reduce sb. to doing sth.使某人落魄到做某事be reduced to (doing) sth.沦落到(做)某事give/make a price reduction降价[即学即练]　单句语法填空①The cost reduced ________ 30% after employing his new method.②The government is aiming at a 50% ________ ( reduce) in unemployment.③All the buildings in the town have been reduced ________ ruins.完成句子④Some students lack self­control, which ________________________________ (降低学习效率).⑤Finally, Charlotte ____________________________(沦落到沿街乞讨).4)expert n．专家，行家　adj.熟练的；内行的(→expertly adv.专业地)) (教材原句)We have Dr.King with us, an expert on stress.我们请来了金博士，一位压力方面的专家。an expert at/in/on 一位……方面的专家be expert at/in/on 擅长……；在……方面是内行expert advice/evidence/guidance/eye 内行建议/证据/指导/眼光❶We employ an expert to advise on new technology.我们聘用了一位专家担任新技术顾问。❷My uncle is an expert in repairing radios.我叔叔在修收音机方面是行家。❸To her expert eye, the painting was terrible.以她内行的眼光看，这幅画糟透了。❹They are expert at lowering production costs.他们在降低生产成本方面很在行。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①He's expert ________ cooking good and cheap meals.②He was an expert ________ finding his way, even in strange surroundings.③Some ________ (expert) say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.④A summer outdoor concert is a fun event as well as a chance to hear beautiful music ________(expert) played.5)frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的(→frankly adv.坦率地，坦诚地→frankness n．坦率，坦诚)) (教材原句)Well, to be frank, everyone suffers from stress at some time in their life...嗯，坦白说，每个人在人生中的某个阶段都会遭受压力……to be frank (with you)＝frankly 坦白说，坦率地说be frank with sb./about sth. 对……坦率talk frankly to 坦诚地跟……交谈frankly speaking 坦白地说put frankly 坦白地说❶His eyes are frank and honest.他的目光坦率而诚实。❷He offered a frank apology to her for hurting her feelings.他因伤害了她的感情而真诚地向她道歉。❸To be frank with you, I think your son has little chance of passing the exam.坦白说，我认为你儿子不大可能通过考试。❹Frankly speaking, he hasn't got a chance.坦率地说，他没有获得机会。一些不定式短语可在句中作独立成分to begin/start with 首先to sum up 总之to tell the truth 说实话，老实说to be brief 简言之to be sure 不能否认，诚然to conclude 总之to be honest 说实话，老实说to be exact 确切地说to make matters worse 更糟的是[即学即练]　单句语法填空①________ (be) frank with you, a discount of 4% wouldn't help very much.②Put ________ (frank), I am not prepared to put up with the situation any more.③________ (tell) the truth, I don't like the movie.④The company has not been entirely frank ________ its workers.⑤He was completely frank ________ the problems we face.完成句子⑥____________________________ (简单地对你说), we can't accept such unkind terms.⑦________________________(坦白地跟你说), I don't think she's the person for the job.6)remove vt.移走；去掉，清除，使消失；拿开(＝get rid of)；脱下(衣服等)；摘下(＝take off)；免除……的职务，开除(→removal n．调动；免职)) (教材原句)We can't remove stress from our lives entirely.我们不能完全消除生活中的压力。remove sth. from...to... 把某物从……搬到……remove...from... 把……从……中搬走/去除remove sb. from... 免除某人的……职务；把某人从……开除❶Please remove your bag from the seat so that I can sit down.请把你的包从座位上拿开以便让我坐下来。❷Nothing can remove him from the memory of his people.什么也不能把他从人民的记忆中抹掉。❸This treatment removes the most stubborn stains.这个处理方法能清除最顽固的污渍。❹People remove their hats in a theatre.人们在剧院里要脱帽。❺He was later removed by the board of directors.后来他被董事会撤职了。❻The news removed any doubts about the company's future.这个消息消除了一切有关公司前景的疑虑。❼Three children were removed from the school for bad behaviors yesterday.昨天三个孩子因不良行为被学校开除。[比较]　move/removemove强调位置和姿态的改变；remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而达到新的位置，有时相当于take away/off。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①They removed ________ the city to the countryside.②The results of failure would certainly mean her ________ (remove) from office.③If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them ________ the situation.④The committee is suggesting that the drug ________ (remove) from the market altogether.完成句子⑤Several government groups are fighting to ____________________(免除总统的职务).⑥She has been __________________________(免除职务) as director.7)position n．职位；位置；立场；姿态 vt.安置；使处于) (教材原句)However, some jobs may be more stressful than others, like some positions in the police or the military.然而，有些工作可能比其他工作压力更大，比如警察部门或军队的一些职位。take up one's position 就位apply for/take up a position 申请工作；求职/从事职务have/hold a senior position in a company 在公司担任高级职位from one's position/from the position of sb. 从某人的位置in position 在适当的位置out of position 不在适当的位置be in a position to do sth. 能够做某事an important position 要职special/social position 特殊地位/社会地位❶His position as leader is under threat.他的领导职位受到威胁。❷I can tell the time from the position of the sun.我可以根据太阳的位置判断时间。❸I like to have everything in position.我喜欢把一切安排妥当。❹The chairs are out of position.这些椅子放的位置不对。a sitting/lying position 坐/卧姿a difficult position 艰难的处境make one's position very clear 明确表示某人的立场the position on sth. 在某事上的立场a firm position 坚定的立场in the position of sb.＝in sb.'s position 在某人的处境；处于某人的状况❺She has made her position clear.她明确表示了自己的立场。❻He was lying in a very uncomfortable position.他以很不舒服的姿势躺着。❼He positioned the lamp in the middle of the table.他把灯放在桌子中央。❽Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra­large skull.适应直立的姿势是一项相当大的挑战，特别是当骨头必须支撑一个超大的头骨时。[熟词生义]　position(坐、立的)姿态，姿势；处境，状况；立场，态度[知识拓展]position vt.常用于被动形式position sth. at/in/on...把……放置在……position sth. at the centre of...把……放在……中心位置be positioned centrally被放在中心位置be positioned correctly/properly放置正确be positioned wrongly放置错误[即学即练]　单句语法填空①In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all ________ (position) to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.②One of the desks is out of position. Put it back ________ position.③My position ________ this problem is that we should do whatever we can to protect the environment.完成句子④As soon as his officers were ____________________ (就位)，the police commander walked up the path toward the house.⑤She will soon ____________________(从事重要的职务) with a firm of lawyers.8)absolutely adv.正是，当然(强调同意或允许)；绝对地，完全地(强调真实无误)(→absolute adj.绝对的；完全的)) (教材原句)Absolutely! Students with lots of homework can feel very stressed.当然！有很多家庭作业的学生会感到非常有压力。(1)absolutely作“正是，当然”讲时，常用于交际，表示“同意或允许”。—Can we leave a little earlier？我们可以早一点儿离开吗？—Absolutely！完全可以！(2)用于否定absolutely not当然不，绝对不行❶—Was it any good？那有什么好处吗？—No, absolutely not.不，绝对没有。[熟词生义]　absolutely adv.完全地；绝对地absolutely dry 完全干涸absolutely safe 绝对安全absolutely necessary 绝对必要absolutely delighted 绝对高兴的absolutely impossible 绝不可能的❷The food here is absolutely first­rate.这里的食物绝对是一流的。❸There is no absolute standard for beauty.美是没有绝对标准的。❹“You're wrong，” she said with absolute certainty.“你错了。”她斩钉截铁地说。[知识拓展]　an absolute fool 十足的傻瓜absolute music/silence 纯音乐/寂静无声absolute freedom 绝对自由absolute confidence 充满信心without absolute proof 没有确凿证据[即学即练]　单句语法填空①—It's worrying that they're doing things without training though, isn't it?—________ (absolute).②The fire was ________ (absolute) out of control.完成句子③It is difficult to cross the desert by car, but not ______________________ (绝不可能的).④Obviously, we're all ____________________________________ (绝对高兴) to welcome another calf to our black rhino family.9)extent n．程度；限度；范围；面积) (教材原句)To what extent do you think that social pressure can cause stress?你认为社会压力会在多大程度上造成精神压力？to the extent of 到……的程度/地步to a great/large extent 在很大程度上to some/a certain/an extent 在某种程度上in extent 就面积而言the extent of the damage 受损程度❶I've reached the extent of my patience.我已忍无可忍。❷He was amazed at the extent of the old man's knowledge.他对这位老人知识的渊博感到惊奇。❸To an extent, the project makes a difference to the local economy.在某种程度上，这个项目对当地经济产生了影响。❹The park is about 20 acres in extent.公园有20亩大。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①________ what extent is this true of all schools?②We are building a new racing track 400 metres ________ extent.完成句子③Their company is having some financial problems, but ______________________ (没有到……的地步) close­down.④We are all ______________________ (在很大程度上) the products of our culture.10)thus adv.因此，因而，从而；这样，如此) (教材原句)Thus, to answer your question, social situations can be very stressful for some people.因此，来回答你的问题，社交场合对有些人来说是非常有压力的。and thus 因此，所以thus much 就这些，这么多thus and so(＝like this) 这样，如此这般，以这种方式thus far＝so far 迄今；现在为止thus far and no further 到此为止而不再往前；到这种程度(范围)不致再(出现某种情况)❶The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.公共汽车被暴风雪所阻，因而耽搁了。(“thus＋现在分词”表示结果，thus用来表示强调)❷He forgot to turn on the radio and thus missed the programme.他忘了打开收音机，因此错过了那个节目。❸He is the eldest son and thus heir to the title.他是长子，因此是头衔的继承人。❹Having come thus far, do you wish to continue?已经走了这么远了，你还想走吗？❺People think they have it under control, thus far and no further and so on, but how many people decide to be alcoholics, drug­addicts or chain­smokers？人们认为他们已经把这种情况控制住，到目前为止，不再逾轨，如此等等。然而，要知道有多少人决定成为酒徒、吸毒者或烟鬼？❻All one can say is that basically it works thus and so, and it tends to affect this and that.人们能说的就是，这就是它的基本运作方式，它不能产生这样或那样的影响。[教师提示]　thus的基本意思是“因此，因而，从而”(＝therefore adv.因此)，还可表示“以此种方式；如此，这样”，相当于in this manner/way。thus是句子副词，一般修饰句子，表示结果，还可以后接现在分词，表示结果。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①He bought a car, thus ________ (make) his life more comfortable.完成句子②每当我去奶奶家，我都会兴奋地冲到厨房去吃臭豆腐。因此它成了我最喜欢的菜。Whenever I visited my grandmother's house, I would rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu with excitement. ________， it became my favourite dish.③The teacher is very particular about the way you write your report. If you don't do it __________________(如此这般), he will give you a lower mark.④He could also have cut out much of the words ______________ (所以) saved many pages.11)tension n．紧张；焦虑；拉力，张力(→tense adj.神经紧张的；绷紧的；拉紧的tensely adv.紧张地)) (教材原句)And what can we do to stop stress and tension？我们能做什么来解除压力和焦虑？a sense of tension 紧张感in tension 处于紧张状态under the tension of 在……压力下increase the tension of... 拉紧……/增加……紧张感ease/relieve tension 缓解焦虑mental tension 精神紧张tension between... ……之间的紧张关系❶We laughed and that helped ease the tension.我们笑了，因而使紧张的情绪缓和下来。❷If you increase the tension of that violin string, it will break.如果你继续拉紧那根小提琴的弦，它就会绷断。❸Is the rope tense？绳子拉紧了吗？[即学即练]　单句语法填空①He was stressed and replied ________ (tense) to the question.②Smiling and laughing have actually been shown to relieve ________ (tense) and stress.③In business, there's always a tension ________ the needs of customers and shareholders.完成句子④Exercise is the ideal way to ____________________(缓解焦虑) after a hard day.12)organise vt.组织，筹划；安排；成立(→organised adj.有组织的；有条理的organisation n．组织，机构；条理)) (教材原句)You can organise your work or studies.你可以筹划你的工作或功课。　　 　　(1)organise a birthday party 筹划生日聚会learn how to organise your study 学会如何安排你的学习organise an interest group 成立兴趣小组organise sb./oneself/sth. into... 成立，组建，建立(联盟、党派)organise an exhibition/army 筹办展览/组建军队(2)well/badly/carefully organised 组织得好/糟糕/周密an organised body of workers 一个有组织的工人团体a carefully organised campaign 精心策划的运动a well­organised office 井然有序的办公室(3)an education organisation 教育机构an international organisation 国际组织voluntary organisations 志愿者组织form/found an organisation 形成组织/建立团体❶The workers were not better organised, otherwise they would have accomplished the task in half the time.工人们没有被更好地组织起来，否则他们只花一半的时间就能完成这项任务。❷He is an organised leader.他是一个有条理的领导。❸The organisation of the book leaves something to be desired.这本书的结构还有待完善。❹She is brilliant but her work lacks organisation.她很聪明，但工作缺乏条理。[语境助记]I was asked to organise the trip, but I messed it up.大家要我组织这次旅游，可是我把事情搞砸了。They intend to organise this business into two separate companies.他们打算把这个企业分成两家独立的公司。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①In the past few years, an increasing number of people and ________ (organise) have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend.②Hannah is such an ________ (organise) person. You can tell by just looking at her folder.③We'll organise some students ________ the basketball team.完成句子④I will hire that company to ____________________ (筹划这次比赛).⑤The department ________________ (运作得很差) until I took charge of it.⑥Most of the food for the homeless is provided by ______________________ (志愿者组织).13)function n．功能；职责　vi.运转；工作；起作用) (教材原句)If you become so stressed that you can't function properly, you should seek professional help.如果你感到压力太大以至于不能正常工作，你应该寻求专业帮助。(1)n.功能；职责unusual functions 不寻常的功能bodily functions 身体机能the function of ……的功能/职责the function of the heart 心脏的功能perform/fulfill a function 履行职责；发挥功能❶The function of a clock is to tell the time.钟表的功能是报时。❷What is his function on the team？他在队里的职责是什么？(2)vi.运转；工作；起作用function as 起……作用；具有……功能function as a mobile phone 具有移动电话的功能function well/normally 运转良好/正常❸The machine will not function properly if it is not kept well­oiled.机器没有上好油，就不能顺利地运转。❹The phone didn't function at all.这电话根本不能用。❺The sofa can also function as a bed.这沙发也可以当床用。[特别提醒]　function不能用于被动语态[拓展]　→functional adj.功能的；实用的；作用的The hospital will soon be fully functional．这家医院将很快全面运作。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Some English adverbs function ________ adjectives.②All these stadiums are still ________ (function), still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.③The main function of the bars is ________ (protect) the driver's legs.④The Great Hall is available for weddings and other social ________ (function).14)seek v．寻找，寻求；请求；设法；试图) seek one's fortune 外出寻找发财机会seek to do sth. 设法做某事seek peace/advice/help/assistance/work 寻求和平/意见/帮助/援助/工作seek for 寻找seek sb./sth. out(＝seek out sb./sth.) 挑选出/物色到seek advice (from sb.) (向某人)征求意见seek from 从……中寻求seek neither fame nor fortune 既不追名，也不逐利❶We are seeking to achieve better results in the end­term examination.我们正设法在期末考试中考得更好。❷People are eager to seek peace.人民渴望寻求和平。❸He went to seek his lawyer's advice.他去征求了律师的意见。＝He went to seek advice from his lawyer.❹For over 100 years, people have sought for gold in the hills.一百多年以来，人们一直在山中寻找黄金。❺He sought out his friend in the crowd.他在人群中找到了他的朋友。[语境助记]The works of this playwright are much sought．这位剧作家的作品深受欢迎。In my opinion, when in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.在我看来，当遇到麻烦时，我们应该向那些我们最信任的人寻求帮助。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Legal advice should ________ (seek) before you take any more action.②We seek ________ (improve) relations between our two countries.③He was seeking among his untidy papers ________ the right one.④In my opinion, whenever in trouble, we should seek advice ________ those we trust most.15)professional adj.专业的，职业的　n．专业人员(→professionally　adv.职业上；专业地；内行地profession n．职业；声明；行业)) professional eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(development　　 　专业发展,sportsmen 专业运动员)) turn/become a professional 成为一名专业人员/职业选手by profession 就职业来说，在职业上within the profession 在业内without profession 无职业enter/go into/join a profession 加入一个行业❶Favourable policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development.优惠政策实际上是为了鼓励员工的专业发展。❷He is one of this country's top professional sportsmen.他是这个国家的顶级职业运动员之一。❸My father wanted me to become a professional and have more stability.我父亲希望我成为一名专业人士，有更强的稳定性。❹She announced that she was going to turn a professional.她宣布自己将成为职业选手。❺He is a leading member of the medical profession.他是医学界首屈一指的医生。❻His son is a doctor by profession.他儿子的职业是医生。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①He's a ________ (profession) designer.②If you want to become a ________ (profession) in this industry, you must learn all the time.③Mr. Brown is a lawyer ________ profession.④This has been a successful year for Tom, both ________ (profession) and personally.⑤The struggle for equality in the job is not over yet, but women are making great gains in this area, as they are in business, politics, and the ________ (profession).►第二版块|重要短语讲解1)due to因为，由于) (教材原句)But more often than not, it's due to pressure from work or study.但是通常来讲，这是由于工作或学习的压力。be due to do sth.意为“预定做某事；按预期做某事”，其中due是形容词意为“预定的”。此外，due也可表示“到期的；应支付的”的含义。The wages due to him were paid.欠他的工资已经付了。I'm due to graduate next year.明年我就要毕业了。The payment is due at the end of the month.这笔款项月底付清。❶His mistake was due to youth and inexperience.他的错误是由于年轻和没有经验。❷The captain of the ship was advised to turn back due to a sudden heavy storm.由于一场突如其来的暴风雨，船长被建议返航。[知识拓展]　表示“因为，由于”的短语：due to由于(较正式用语，常用于官方通告和公开声明中，可以直接作表语)because of因为，由于；其后常接人或事物，强调其为某事发生的原因，在口语中更为常用。owing to　　由于；较正式，常可与due to换用。thanks to 由于；多亏(有感激之意)as a result of 由于on account of 因为[比较]　due to/owing to/because of/thanks to·due to可作表语和状语，一般不放在句首；·owing to可作表语和状语；·because of一般作状语，作表语时主语通常为代词；·thanks to通常作状语，常指好的方面。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Much of this increase can be due ________ climate change.②The train is due ________ (leave ) for Shanghai at ten.③The next meeting is due ________ (hold) in three months' time.选词填空：because of/owing to/thanks to④________________ staff shortages, there was no food on the plane.⑤It was all a great success— ________________ a lot of hard work.⑥He did not know how much of the stress was ________________ her need for balance.2)in other words换句话说(＝that is to say)) (教材原句)In other words, you can make a list and do all the important things first.换句话说，你可以列一个清单，先做所有重要的事情。in a word 简言之，总之in words 用语言keep one's word 遵守诺言break one's word 食言，违背诺言eat one's words 承认自己说错了话；(被迫)收回前言have a word with sb. 与某人说几句话have words with sb. 与某人吵架without a word 什么也没说Word came that... 有消息说……❶They asked him to leave—in other words, he was fired.他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。❷We are all very busy today. In other words, none of us can go to the movies.今天我们都很忙。换句话说，我们都不能去看电影。[知识拓展]　word 当“消息”讲时同news，是不可数名词They showed him proof and he had to eat his words.他们拿出证据，他只好改口认错。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①________ other words, with hard work any difficulty can be overcome.②In ________ word, we'll provide you with all good service.选词填空：in a word/in other words/in words③________________， I can't go out as I have many things to do.④Our teachers educate us young students not only ________________ but in deeds.⑤He didn't tell us any of the truth—________________， he lied.完成句子⑥我住在郊区，换句话说，我去市中心不方便。I live in a suburb. ________________________， it's not convenient for me to go to the downtown.►第三版块|疑难句型剖析1)动词＋动名词(宾语)＋形容词(宾补)) (教材原句)I find waiting for exam results very stressful.我觉得等待考试成绩非常令人紧张。句式分析　“动词＋动名词＋形容词”结构属于“动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构。除find外，feel, think, believe，suppose等也都可以用于此结构。❶I find doing proper exercise exciting.我觉得做适当的运动令人兴奋。❷I've found listening to music or audio books helpful in keeping myself awake during the morning.我发现早晨听音乐或者有声读物有助于使我保持清醒。[即学即练]　完成句子①我觉得说英语很容易。I find ________________________________________________ .②我认为业余时间学英语很难。I think ____________________ in spare time ____________________．2)过去分词作定语) (教材原句)Write the aspects mentioned in the left column in Activity 4.将提到的方面写在活动4的左栏中。句式分析　被修饰的名词与修饰词在逻辑上是动宾关系时，用过去分词(done)表示该动作的被动或完成。❶“Things lost never come back again！” I couldn't help talking to myself.“失去的东西再也不会回来！”我情不自禁地自言自语道。❷...I'd like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012.……我想要你们看一项2012年在澳大利亚做的研究。❸In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden within the work.在美术评论中，你必须假设美术家在其作品中有隐藏的秘密信息。[拓展]　(1)单个过去分词或由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常位于被修饰词之前，作前置定语。(2)单个过去分词或过去分词短语修饰代词时，须位于被修饰词之后；过去分词短语作定语时，要后置。·a retired teacher　　一名退休的教师·The story written by a secondary school student is popular in our school.由一名中学生写的这个故事在我们学校很受欢迎。[辨析]不及物动词的分词形式作定语：现在分词作定语与过去分词作定语。现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示一个动作已完成。 eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(falling leaves　 　正在下落的叶子,　　　　 　（正在进行）,fallen leaves 落叶（完成）))  eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(the boiling water　正在沸腾的水,　　　　　（正在进行）,the boiled water 已烧开的水（完成）)) [即学即练]　完成句子①________________________________ (上个月建造的桥) needs repairing.②All the ________________________ (坏了的窗户) have been repaired.句型转换③The first textbooks written for teaching as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.(改为含定语从句的复合句)The first textbooks ________________________ came out in the 16th century.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The company has not been entirely ________ (坦诚的) with its workers.2．He was ________(紧张的) with too many expectations.3．I work ________ (在城镇商业中心区), but I live in an apartment in the suburbs.4．I knew the job would be stressful, but I had no idea to what ________(程度).5．Your apartment is crowded with too many unnecessary things. You need to ________(移走) some of them.6．He held a senior ________ (职位) in a large company.Ⅱ.短语填空to be frank, more often than not, due to, to what extent, in other words, sit around, keep one's word, in a word1．________________ can experts' advice influence you and your lifestyle?2．Randy is suffering from a serious lung cancer. ________________， he may die at any time according to the doctor.3．________________， he would like to accept challenging tasks.4．________________， I don't entirely agree with you.5．He didn't take part in the match ________________ the injury.6．He just ________________ and chatted with the others.7．As middle school students, we should ________________．8．________________， I don't like him.Ⅲ.单句语法填空(A) 词形变化1．If you want to get ahead in your career, you should stay professional and ________ (organise)．2．It is ________ (absolute) impossible for me to run such a long distance.3．She admitted her stress ________ (frank) although everybody else tended to consider her to have great confidence.4．According to some professionals, when the cake is done, you should remove it ________ the oven (烤箱).5．The volunteer was seriously ill, ________ (suffer) great pain and discomfort.6．She's been feeling very ________ (stress) since she started her new job in the media.7．The expert devoted himself ________ (entire) to the research.8．If you feel stressed, you'd better seek ________ (profession) advice from experts.(B) 高考题组1．[天津二考] Or, maybe all I would find was ________ (absolute) nothing!2．[北京卷]She started the Ladybug Foundation, an ________ (organise) aiming at getting rid of homelessness.3．[2019·天津一考]Essentially, everyone has two ages: a chronological (按时间计算的) age, how old the calendar says you are, and a biological age, basically the age at which your body ________ (function) as it compares to average fitness or health levels.4．[2021·浙江二考]________ (seek) other like­minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online.5．[全国Ⅰ卷]When fat and salt ________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.6．[2020·江苏卷]We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not ________ (entire) recognise the food.7．[全国Ⅰ卷]Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running ________ (reduce) the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.8．[2019·天津一考]The opinion that learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education ________ (expert) throughout the years.9．[全国Ⅱ卷]If you feel ________ (stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater and less importance.10．[2020·江苏卷]Later, he worked in Africa, where many people ________ (suffer) from blindness for lack of proper treatment.Ⅳ.完成句子1．________________ (坦率地说), I prefer to keep a healthy lifestyle although I am busy every day.2．Stage fright is due to nervousness before your presentation. ________________ (换句话说), you are suffering from a kind of stress at that time.3．The girl couldn't entirely remove her tension ________________ (由于) fear.4．It's a necessity for anyone to ________________(寻求帮助) when faced with challenging jobs.5．This second door is a digital security measure and can be ________________ (上锁) during the day.Ⅴ.单句写作1．请把您的手提包从座位上拿开好吗？(remove... from)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．如果承受着压力，你就更有可能生病。(suffer from, stress)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．那位报纸编辑建议我们组织一次旅行，来缓解工作压力。(suggest that..., reduce)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．他的成功完全是因为努力工作。(entirely, due to)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．他是专业计算机领域的专家。(expert, professional)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________