八年级英语下学期开学考试（浙江温州卷）-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）

这是一份八年级英语下学期开学考试（浙江温州卷）-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版），共15页。试卷主要包含了全卷满分90分等内容，欢迎下载使用。

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一、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Once there lived a rich businessman and a pr shemaker in 1 same huse. The shemaker was ne f the 2 persns n earth. He wrked frm mrning till night, singing happily.
The businessman always cunted his mney late 3 night. When he was able t sleep, there 4 the sng f the happy shemaker, wh always gt up early. It cntinued all day and was a 5 t the businessman. He asked a wise friend hw t slve the prblem.
“Well, 6 I were yu, I’d give the shemaker a hundred punds,” answered his friend. “Ask fr nthing in return. Simply give the mney.” The businessman 7 the suggestin.
When the shemaker pened the bag 8 the businessman, he was amazed t find shining cins. “I must hide this frm my neighbrs 9 my wife.” he thught. And frm then n, he avided thers as much as he culd. He 10 sing happily nw. Whenever he thught f the mney bag, he became s uneasy.
Then ne day his wife said t him in tears, “Dear husband, what 11 yu s sad and uneasy? I’m wrried abut yu. All ur neighbrs say yu have 12 .” He was s srry fr her that he tld her everything.
“We were happy 13 the businessman gave us the mney, ”said his wife, “We have gd 14 . We have plenty f wrk t d. What mre d we need? Send the mney back t the businessman, and the happy life will return t us.”
The shemaker 15 and went t the businessman t return the bag f mney. Later, he was as happy as he had ever been.
1．A．aB．anC．/D．the
2．A．happyB．happierC．happiestD．happily
3．A．atB．inC．nD．f
4．A．wentB．endedC．cameD．turned
5．A．delightB．gladnessC．surpriseD．truble
6．A．asB．ifC．unlessD．because
7．A．refusedB．answeredC．threwD．accepted
8．A．frmB．byC．tD．fr
9．A．andB．thanC．besidesD．with
10．A．wuldB．culdn’tC．wasn’tD．still
11．A．makesB．madeC．t makeD．making
12．A．diedB．wentC．changedD．grew up
13．A．tillB．sinceC．befreD．after
14．A．wealthB．skillsC．healthD．grades
15．A．wrriedB．agreedC．criedD．laughed
二、阅读理解（本题有15小题。第16-18小题，每小题1分；第19-29小题，每小题2分；第30小题5分。共30分）
阅读下面短文，第16-29小题从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，第30小题在横线上作答。
A
This year has seen a number f films and TV dramas take revlutinary histry as their subject, especially the early histry f the Cmmunist Party f China（中国共产党）, which was funded（成立）in 1921.
16．Hw lng has Cmmunist Party f China been funded?
A．Fr 90 years.B．Fr 100 years.C．Fr 110 years.
17．Which mvie is the lngest?
A．The Battle at Lake Changjin.B．Cliff Walkers.C．1921.
18．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A．The stry f Cliff Walkers reflect CPV sldiers’ irn will and great spirit.
B．The Battle at Lake Changjin happened in 1921.
C．1921 is abut the centenary f the Cmmunist Party f China.
B
Peple call the Chinese diving（跳水）team a “dream team”. It has been a wrld-class team since the days f Fu Mingxia back in the early1990s. It still has a bright future these days with Quan Hngchan, 14, a new diving star.
Quan was the yungest member f the Chinese team at the Tky 2020 Olympics, but she wwed the wrld by getting perfect 10s three times t win the wmen’s 10-meter dive. This surprised nt nly the whle team, but als Quan herself. “I’ve never thught f beating a few wrld champins（冠军）in the match,” Quan said. “I just saw the cmpetitin as training. T be brave and just g jumping.”
Peple thught Quan was brn with great talent in diving, but Quan didn’t think s. “I just dived every day. Each day, I needed t practice abut seven hurs, and sme days I practiced fr 10 hurs,” she tld China Daily. And she remembered hw it felt when she started t learn diving at the age f 7. “It was s much fun,” she said. Hwever, it takes mre than just interest fr a beginner t becme successful. “If I stp training fr a day r tw, I feel scared when I get back n the 10-meter bard. A diver needs t practice every day and try her best every day,” she added.
In fact, Quan was brn in a pr family in Guangdng in 2007. Her mther was badly ill and she wrried abut her very much. She decided t d all her best fr her mther even when she was at an early age, which tuched peple all arund China.
19．What des the wrd wwed in Para. 2 mean?
A．Surprised.B．Interested.C．Wrried.D．Scared.
20．Hw did Quan Hngchan becme successful?
A．She was brn with great talent in diving.
B．She started diving when she was at the age f 7.
C．She tk great interest in diving as a beginner.
D．She practiced diving and tried her best every day.
21．Wh has smething in cmmn with Quan Hngchan?
A．Laura is really interested in taking phts.
B．Tm always has new ideas t wrk ut the prblems.
C．Sarah practices dancing day and night t jin the cmpetitin.
D．Linda is s clever that she learns lts f skills by herself quickly.
22．The purpse f the passage is t _________.
A．teach us t dive like Quan Hngchan
B．tell us the stry abut Quan Hngchan
C．let us knw abut Chinese diving team
D．shw us hw t be a successful diving star
C
①Here is the car f the future! This car is very different frm tday’s cars; it is silent and clean. Tday’s cars have wheels (轮子), but this ne des nt. It mves like a snail (蜗牛), but is much faster than a snail!
②This car will use electricity (电) instead f gas. It can be charged (充电) very quickly frm chargers built int the rad. It will als be very easy t drive.
③In fact, yu wn’t need t drive it because it will drive itself. Yu will just need t tell the cmputer: “G t X” and the car will g there. Als, it will reach there very quickly, much faster than tday’s cars. It will als be very safe and cmfrtable.
④A lt f the technlgy already exists (存在), but it is very experimental (试验阶段). Fifty years frm nw, perhaps sner, sme new rads will have slar energy panels (太阳能电池板). They will stre (储存) energy under the rad and sme cars will be able t use it.
⑤Hwever, yu wn’t be able t drive a “snail car”, even if yu’re under 20 tday. Maybe this is the car f the year 2100, and yur grandchildren may drive it.
⑥ ________________________! N pllutin, n traffic jams, n stress. Scientists have lts f ideas abut the cars f the future. It will be interesting t see what ideas they cme up with (想到) many years frm nw.
23．Accrding t the passage, the car f the future ________.
A．is silent and clean B．has n wheelsC．is safe and cmfrtableD．all abve
24．We can learn frm the passage that ________.
A．the new cars uses gas
B．the new cars uses slar energy
C．we wn’t need t drive the new cars by urselves
D．we may drive the new cars if we are under 20 years ld
25．Which f the fllwing sentences can be put in the ________?
A．Driving will be difficult in the 22nd century!B．Driving will be nice in the 22nd century!
C．Driving will be bring in the 22nd century!D．Driving will be tiring in the 22nd century!
26．If we put the passage int three parts, which f the fllwing is the best?
(①=Para. 1 (自然段) ②=Para. 2 ③=Para. 3 ④=Para. 4 ⑤=Para. 5 ⑥=Para. 6)
A．①②//③④//⑤⑥B．①②③//④⑤//⑥C．①②//③④⑤//⑥D．①//②③④⑤//⑥
D
At the end f my senir year f high schl, I gt a part-time jb at the lcal cffee shp. The custmers were hard t please. There was always t much sugar, t little ice, r nt enugh milk. It was really bring, but I made it.
One raining day, ne f my regular custmers came in, lking blue. I asked what the prblem was, but Hank wuldn’t tell anything. He just said he felt like ging t bed and staying there fr a few years. I handed him a bag f his favrite dughnuts. He was surprised because he hadn’t rdered anything.
“It’s n me,” I tld him. “Have a nice day.” He smiled and thanked me befre heading back ut int the rain. The rain lasted and the business was really slw the next day. I spent my afternn handing a few custmers their rders. What’s wrse, n ne felt like tipping that day.
Hwever, arund 7 pm, Hank drve up t the windw. Instead f rdering anything, he handed me a lvely pink rse and a little nte.The nte read:
Christine,
Thanks fr being s sweet, kind and thughtful yesterday. I was really tuched by yu. It is s nice t meet smene wh is nice and warm. Please dn’t change yur ways because I truly believe that yu will be successful. Have a nice day!
Hank
He said that few peple tk time t care abut thers nw and he was glad that there were still peple like me. I was speechless and very tuched. I hadn’t thught I had dne anything special.
Later I met mre cmplaining custmers. Hwever, anytime I felt sad r just sick f cffee, I thught f Hank and his kindness. Then I wuld smile, hld my head up high and asked plitely, “What can I d fr yu?”
27．At first, the writer fund it _______ t wrk in the cffee shp.
A．strangeB．relaxingC．difficultD．imprtant
28．The writer gave Hank a bag f dughnuts because _______.
A．Hank was hungry fr daysB．she wanted t make Hank happy
C．it was a gift fr regular custmersD．Hank liked dughnuts and rdered them
29．Hank gave the writer a little nte t _______.
A．tell her abut his prblemB．ask her t keep herself kindC．rder cffee and dughnutsD．advise her t change her jb
30．Why did the writer change her attitude twards her jb in the end?(Abut 40 wrds)

三、词汇运用（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
A.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使句子通顺、正确。每词限用一次。
31．Charlie his classmates a picture when Miss King entered the classrm.
32．Mr Smith’s ffice is n the flr f the building in his cmpany.
33．It will be three befre we get the experiment reprt.
34．Mike is crazy abut playing basketball. He thinks nthing is than ding this.
35．Be next time. Yu shuld pay attentin t the spelling f sme new wrds.
B.根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。
Dawn Lggins was brn in Nrth Carlina, America. She had a hard childhd because f her 36 （父母） prblems. There was 37 （从不） enugh mney fr fd and living, s the family ften lived in buildings withut pwer r running water. Dawn really wanted t learn, but 38 （学习） at hme was difficult with n lights.
As she gt lder, Dawn 39 （明白） that educatin was the nly way t change her life. When her parents 40 （突然） mved away t Tennessee, she was left behind and mved in with a wman. The wman was a htel 41 （经理）. Dawn was finally in a nrmal hme. T make mney, she tk a jb as a schl cleaner and wrked every day befre classes 42 （开始）. With great effrts, she always gt A 43 （在……期间）her teenage years and wrked even harder. She hped t get int Harvard 44 （大学）ne day.
As the saying ges, “N pains, n gains.” Her dream came 45 （真的） and she studied bilgy there. This was a fantastic achievement fr a teenager whse life had been far frm easy.
四、语法填空（本题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Accrding t a reprt by the United Natins, the wrld’s ppulatin is prbably ging t hit 8 billin n 15 Nvember, 2022. And it culd 46 (grw) t arund 8.5 billin in 2030 and 9.7 billin in 2050. Mre than half f the pssible ppulatin increase up t 2050 will mainly be in eight 47 (cuntry), such as Egypt, Pakistan and India. And India is prbably ging t becme the cuntry with the 48 (large) ppulatin in the wrld in 2023.
There is smething further in the reprt. It 49 (take) the wrld’s ppulatin 12 years t grw frm 7 t 8 billin in the past, 50 it will nly take abut 15 years t hit 9 billin in the near future. That means the wrld’s ppulatin is grwing 51 (slw) than befre.
The UN Secretary General, Antóni Guterres, talked abut 52 serius prblem. The wrld has grwn richer but the differences 53 the rich and the pr have grwn as well. A great number f peple still dn’t get enugh fd 54 (eat). There are als a lt f peple in the wrld leaving 55 (they) hmes fr many causes.
五、书面表达（本题有1小题，共20分）
56．近二十年来，温州发生了翻天覆地的变化。温州人民的生活方式日新月异， 温州人民的生活品质得到持续改善。《21世纪英语报》正在举行英语征文活动， 请你以“Great Changes in Wenzhu”为题， 至少选择以下 1 个方面，撰写一篇英语 征文投稿。
要求：(1)不得出现真实的人名和地名等信息；
(2) 词数约为 90 词，标题已给出，不计入总词数。
Great Changes in Wenzhu
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name f the mvie
Time f the stry
Stry
The Battle at Lake Changjin(176 minutes)
in 1950-1953
reflecting CPC sldiers’ irn will and great spirit
Cliff Walkers(120 minutes)
in the 1930s
the film fllws Cmmunist Party special agents as they test their wits against their enemies t cmplete a secret missin.
1921(137 minutes)
in the summer f 1921
a film t mark the centenary（百年华诞）f the Cmmunist Party f China.
mnth careful enjy shw five
Living places
Transprtatin
Way f life
✓
✓
✓
Huses/Streets/...
Nature
...
✓
✓
✓
✓
BRT buses
S1 light rail
CRH trains
...
✓ Sprts/Having fun
✓ Fd/Traditin/...
✓ ...
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．C 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文叙述了一个富商和一个贫穷的鞋匠住在同一所房子里所发生的故事。这个故事告诉我们有钱不一定会带来快乐。
1．句意：从前，一个富商和一个贫穷的鞋匠住在同一所房子里。
a一个；an一个；the这个/那个。根据空后的same可知前面要用定冠词the。故选D。
2．句意：鞋匠是世界上最快乐的人之一。
happy快乐的；happier更快乐的；happiest最快乐的；happily快乐地。空处符合“ne f the +形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，因此用形容词最高级。故选C。
3．句意：这位商人总是在深夜数钱。
at在；in在……里；n在……上；f……的。at night在晚上，固定短语。故选A。
4．句意：当他能够入睡时，传来了快乐鞋匠的歌声，他总是起得很早。
went去；ended结束；came来；turned转向。根据“wh always gt up early”可知早起的鞋匠开始唱歌，此处指歌声“传到”富商那里，用came。故选C。
5．句意：这种情况持续了一整天，给商人带来了麻烦。
delight高兴；gladness快乐；surprise惊喜；truble麻烦。根据“When he was able t sleep, sng f the happy shemaker, ”可知鞋匠的歌声影响了富商睡觉，这是不开心的事情，truble符合语境。故选D。
6．句意：“好吧，如果我是你，我会给鞋匠一百英镑，”他的朋友回答。
as作为；if如果；unless除非；because因为。根据“‘I were yu, I’d give the shemaker a hundred punds, ’answered his friend.”可知这是一种假设的情况，表示“如果”，if符合语境。故选B。
7．句意：这位商人接受了这个建议。
refused拒绝；answered回答；threw投掷; accepted接受。根据下文他给鞋匠钱，可知此处他接受了朋友的建议。故选D。
8．句意：当鞋匠打开来自商人手中的袋子时，他惊讶地发现了闪闪发光的硬币。
frm从……；by通过；t到；fr为。根据“the businessman”可知这个钱袋来自富商，frm表示“从……”。故选A。
9．句意：“我必须向我的邻居和我的妻子隐瞒这件事。”他想。
and和；than比；besides此外；with具有。根据“my wife”可知此处表示并列关系，因此用并列连词and。故选A。
10．句意：他现在不能快乐地唱歌了。
wuld将；culdn’t不能；wasn’t不是；still还。根据“Whenever he thught f the mney bag, he became s uneasy.”可知他因为不开心，不能高兴地唱歌了。故选B。
11．句意：有一天，他的妻子哭着对他说：“亲爱的丈夫，是什么让你如此悲伤和不安？”
makes制作；made过去式；t make不定式；making现在分词/动名词。分析句子成分可知，疑问词what是句子的主语，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
12．句意：我们所有的邻居都说你变了。
died死亡；went去；changed变化；grew up长大。根据第一段“He wrked frm mrning till night, singing happily.”及第四段“Whenever he thught f the mney bag, he became s uneasy.”可知他从开心到不开心，发生了变化。故选C。
13．句意：“在商人给我们钱之前，我们很高兴，”他的妻子说。
till直到；since自从；befre在……之前；after在……之后。结合上文可知鞋匠贫穷时很快乐，也就是在富商给他钱之前。故选C。
14．句意：我们身体很好。
wealth钱财；skills技能；health健康；grades年级。根据“We have plenty f wrk t d. What mre d we need?”及下文鞋匠把钱还给富商，可知此处指健康。故选C。
15．句意：鞋匠同意了，然后去找商人把那袋钱还了回来。
wrried担心；agreed同意；cried哭；laughed大笑。根据“went t the businessman t return the bag f mney”可知他同意了妻子的建议。故选B。
16．B 17．A 18．C
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几部以革命历史为题材的电影。
16．细节理解题。根据“a film t mark the centenary（百年华诞）f the Cmmunist Party f China”可知，中国共产党成立100周年了。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“The Battle at Lake Changjin (176 minutes)”可知，《长津湖》这部电影是最长的。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据“1921”和“a film t mark the centenary（百年华诞）f the Cmmunist Party f China”可知，《1921》是关于中国共产党百年华诞的电影。故选C。
19．A 20．D 21．C 22．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。短文主要介绍了2020年东京奥运会跳水冠军全红婵的成绩以及她刻苦的训练过程。
19．词句猜测题。根据“by getting perfect 10s three times t win the wmen’s 10-meter dive”可知她以三次完美的10秒成绩赢得女子10米跳水冠军，可猜测出，应是她震惊了世界，因此wwed意为“震惊”与surprised同义。故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据“A diver needs t practice every day and try her best every day”可知，一个跳水运动员需要每天都训练，每天都尽她最大的努力。因此全红婵能成功也是因为她每天都尽她最大的努力去训练。故选D。
21．推理判断题。根据“I just dived every day. Each day, I needed t practice abut seven hurs, and sme days I practiced fr 10 hurs”可知，全红婵每天都练习跳水，每天她需要训练大概七个小时，有时还训练10个小时。选项C“为了参加比赛，Sarah日夜不停地练习跳舞”与全红婵很像。故选C。
22．推理判断题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了2020年东京奥运会跳水冠军全红婵的成绩以及她刻苦的训练过程。故这篇文章的目的是给我们讲述全红婵的故事。故选B。
23．D 24．C 25．B 26．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了未来汽车的样子。
23．细节理解题。根据“This car is very different frm tday’s cars; it is silent and clean. Tday’s cars have wheels (轮子), but this ne des nt.”和“It will als be very safe and cmfrtable.”可知，未来的汽车安静且干净，没有轮子，会非常安全舒适。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“In fact, yu wn’t need t drive it because it will drive itself.”可知，你不需要驾驶它，因为它会自动驾驶。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据“N pllutin, n traffic jams, n stress.”可知，没有污染，没有交通堵塞，没有压力。所以此处在说未来汽车的优点，故选B。
26．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第1段总述未来汽车的特点，第2-5段介绍未来汽车还有待发展，第6段进行总结。故选D。
27．C 28．B 29．B 30．Because she knws a small act f kindness can make a big difference and we can exchange ur lve fr ther’s care.
【导语】本文主要讲述作者在咖啡厅做兼职工作，但工作并不简单，有很多难伺候的顾客，然而顾客汉克却不同，他的善良给了作者信心和希望，鼓舞着作者继续做好这份工作。
27．细节理解题。根据“The custmers were hard t please. There was always t much sugar, t little ice, r nt enugh milk. It was really bring, but I made it.”可知，一开始作者认为这份兼职工作是困难乏味的，故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据“One raining day, ne f my regular custmers came in, lking blue. I asked what the prblem was, but Hank wuldn’t tell anything.”和“Have a nice day.”可知，作者给了汉克一袋甜甜圈，因为她想让汉克开心。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“Thanks fr being s sweet, kind and thughtful yesterday. I was really tuched by yu. It is s nice t meet smene wh is nice and warm. Please dn’t change yur ways because I truly believe that yu will be successful. Have a nice day!”可知，汉克希望作者能够保持善良热情，相信作者会成功。故选B。
30．根据“Hwever, anytime I felt sad r just sick f cffee, I thught f Hank and his kindness. Then I wuld smile, hld my head up high and asked plitely, “What can I d fr yu?””可知，是汉克让作者明白了一个小小的善举可以产生很大的影响，我们可以用自己对别人的关爱换得别人的关怀，故填：Because she knws a small act f kindness can make a big difference and we can exchange ur lve fr ther’s care.（意思接近即可）
31．was shwing 32．fifth 33．mnths 34．mre enjyable 35．careful
【解析】31．句意：当金小姐走进教室时，查理正在给他的同学们看一幅画。根据“his classmates a picture”及备选词可知，此处指向同学们展示一幅画，shw“展示”，根据“when Miss King entered the classrm”可知，表示过去某个时段正在发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were ding的结构，主语是第三人称单数形式，助动词用was，故填was shwing。
32．句意：史密斯先生的办公室在他公司大楼的五层。根据“n the … flr”可知，此处指在某个楼层，应用序数词，five的序数词fifth符合，故填fifth。
33．句意：我们要过三个月才能得到实验报告。根据“It will be three … befre we get the experiment reprt.”及备选词可知，此处指三个月，three后接复数名词mnths，故填mnths。
34．句意：迈克非常喜欢打篮球。他认为没有什么比这样做更令人愉快的了。根据“Mike is crazy abut playing basketball. He thinks nthing is …than ding this.”可知，认为没有什么比打篮球更令人愉快的了，否定词+比较级，表示“没有比……更……的了”，enjy的形容词是enjyable，比较级是mre enjyable，故填mre enjyable。
35．句意：下次小心点。你应该注意一些新单词的拼写。根据“Yu shuld pay attentin t the spelling f sme new wrds.”可知，提醒下次要小心，be后接形容词，careful“小心的”，故填careful。
36．parents’ 37．never 38．studying 39．understd 40．suddenly 41．manager 42．began 43．during 44．University 45．true
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位名叫Dawn Lggins的女孩，她没有向贫穷、恶劣的环境屈服，最后通过自己的努力考上哈佛大学的励志故事。
36．句意：由于父母的问题，她的童年很艰难。根据汉语提示以及空后“prblems”可知，此处应填名词复数的所有格来修饰名词parents’“父母的”。故填parents’。
37．句意：从来没有足够的钱买食物和生活，所以他们经常住在没有电和自来水的房子里。根据汉语意思可知，此处应填“从不”，英语表示为never。故填never。
38．句意：Dawn真的很想学习，但在家里没有灯，学习很困难。根据汉语提示以及“ …（学习） at hme was difficult with n lights”可知，此空在句中作主语，且谓语动词为单数，因此此处应填动名词。故填studying。
39．句意：随着年龄的增长，Dawn明白了教育是改变她生活的唯一途径。根据汉语提示以及“gt ”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填understd。
40．句意：当她的父母突然搬到田纳西州时，她被留下和一个女人住在一起。此处应用副词suddenly“突然”修饰动词。故填suddenly。
41．句意：这个女人是一家旅馆经理。根据汉语提示以及空前“a”可知，此处应用名词单数manager“经理”。故填manager。
42．句意：为了赚钱，她找了一份学校清洁工的工作，每天上课前都要工作。根据汉语提示以及“tk”可知，此处应用一般过去时began“开始”。故填began。
43．句意：经过努力，她在十几岁的时候总是得到A，并且更加努力。根据汉语提示可知，此处应填“在……期间”，英语表达为during。故填during。
44．句意：她希望有一天能进哈佛大学。Harvard University“哈佛大学”。故填University。
45．句意：她的梦想实现了，她在那里学习生物。根据汉语提示以及空前“came”，此处应填true，cme true“实现”。故填true。
46．grw 47．cuntries 48．largest 49．tk 50．but 51．mre slwly 52．a 53．between 54．t eat 55．their
【导语】本文主要介绍了在人口增长的背景下，世界面临的共同问题。
46．句意：到2030年可能增长到85亿，到2050年可能增长到97亿。根据情态动词culd可知，该空要用动词原形的形式，故填grw。
47．句意：截至2050年，超过一半的可能增长人口将主要集中在埃及、巴基斯坦和印度等8个国家。根据空格前的eight可知，该空要用名词的复数形式，cuntry的复数形式是cuntries，故填cuntries。
48．句意：印度很可能在2023年成为世界上人口最多的国家。根据空格前的the以及后文的in the wrld可知，该空要用形容词的最高级，large的最高级是largest，故填largest。
49．句意：过去世界人口从70亿增长到80亿需要12年的时间。由“in the past”可知，该句应用一般过去时，take的过去式是tk，故填tk。
50．句意：但在不久的将来，只需要15年就能达到90亿。前文说到过去世界人口从70亿增长到80亿需要12年的时间，后面又讲到以后只需要15年就能达到90亿，由句意可知该空表示转折关系，故填but。
51．句意：这意味着世界人口的增长速度比以前慢了。要用副词的形式来修饰空格前的“is grwing”，又由than可知该空要用比较级，故用副词的比较级，故填mre slwly。
52．句意：联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯谈到了一个严重的问题。由prblem可知，该空要用一个冠词来表示“一个问题”，又由serius是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
53．句意：世界变得越来越富裕，但贫富差距也在扩大。between…and…表示“在……和……之间”，该空表示富人和穷人之间，故填between。
54．句意：许多人仍然没有得到足够的食物吃。enugh+名词+t d表示“足够的……去做某事”，故填t eat。
55．句意：世界上还有很多人因为各种原因离开家园。由空格后的hmes可知，该空要用形容词性物主代词来修饰，they的形容词性物主代词是their，故填their。
56．例文
Great Changes in Wenzhu
The way peple getting arund Wenzhu has changed a lt.
In the past, it usually tk peple a lng time t travel arund Wenzhu. There were nt s many buses r cars and rads were nt as wide as thse tday. Peple ften chse t walk r ride a bike.
But nw, we can travel faster and mre cmfrtably. Every family wns a car and buses are everywhere. Besides, we have mre chices, such as BRT buses, S1 light rail and CRH trains. They make it pssible t get t a place r a city far away in a very shrt time.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态以“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点题；
第二步，介绍过去人们的出行情况；
第三步，介绍现在人们的出行情况。
[亮点词汇]
①get arund出行
②it takes sb. sme time t d sth.做某事花费某人多长时间
③travel arund游历
④chse t d sth.选择做某事
⑤cmfrtably舒服地
⑥such as例如
⑦make it pssible t d sth.使做某事成为可能
[高分句型]
①There were nt s many buses r cars and rads were nt as wide as thse tday. （there be句型）