专题11 短文首字母填空-5年（2019-2023）中考1年模拟英语真题分项汇编（全国通用）

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（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Peter Pan wishes Wendy, Jhn and Michael, especially Wendy, wuld stay in Neverland frever, but finally the Darling children decide t fly back hme and grw up.
“Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the windw. Then when Wendy cmes back, she will think her mther desn’t lve her anymre, and she will return t Neverland with me.”
Mrs. Darling is playing the pian. Peter didn’t knw the tune, Hme, Sweet Hme, b 2 he knws it’s saying, “Cme back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter lks thrugh the dr and sees tw big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes.
“She lves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I lve Wendy, t. We c 3 bth have her.”
He lks at Mrs. Darling again. The tw tears are still sitting n her e 4 .
“Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he pens the windw.
When Wendy, Jhn, and Michael arrive, they find the windw 5 fr them. They all get int bed t surprise their mther.
When Mrs. Darling ges back t the children’s rm, they are all in their beds. They wait fr her t say smething, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire.
The children are s w 7 . Why isn’t their mther happy t see them again? All three f them jump ut f bed, run t her and shut, “Mther!” She realizes she is nt d 8 anymre. Mr. Darling and Nana cme in. They are all s happy. Peter w 9 them frm the windw but he is lking at smething he will never have.
Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter f her wn. Peter is still a by wh can’t grw up.
—Taken frm Peter Pan
【答案】1．(S)hut 2．(b)ut 3．(c)an’t 4．(e)yes 5．()pen 6．(n)thing 7．(w)rried 8．(d)reaming 9．(w)atches 10．(g)rwn
【导语】本文出自文学作品《彼得·潘》，讲述了小飞侠彼得·潘决定把朋友送回家的故事。
1．句意：关上窗户。根据“S... the windw”可知，彼得想关上窗户，shut“关闭”符合语境，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填(S)hut。
2．句意：彼得不知道《家，甜蜜的家》这首曲子，但他知道它在说：“回来吧，温蒂，温蒂。”。根据“Peter didn’t knw”和“he knws”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。
3．句意：我们不可能都拥有她。根据“She lves Wendy”和“But I lve Wendy, t.”可知，他们都爱温蒂，但不能同时拥有她，can’t“不能”符合语境。故填(c)an’t。
4．句意：那两滴眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上。根据“tw tears”可知，眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上，eye“眼睛”，用复数。故填(e)yes。
5．句意：当温蒂、约翰和迈克尔到达时，他们发现窗户为他们打开了。根据“Then he pens the windw.”可知，窗户是开着的，pen“打开的”，形容词作宾补。故填()pen。
6．句意：他们等她说什么，但她什么也没说。根据“They wait fr her t say smething, but…”可知，她什么也没说，不定代词nthing“什么都没有”符合语境。故填(n)thing。
7．句意：孩子们很担心。根据“Why isn’t their mther happy t see them again?”可知，孩子们是担心的，wrried“担心的”，形容词作表语。故填(w)rried。
8．句意：她意识到自己不是在做梦了。根据“All three f them jump ut f bed, run t her and shut, ‘Mther!’ ”可知，孩子们去喊妈妈，让她知道自己没有在做梦，孩子们真的回来了，dream“做梦”，用现在分词形式与is构成现在进行时。故填(d)reaming。
9．句意：彼得从窗户看着他们，但他看到的是他永远不会拥有的东西。根据“but he is lking at smething he will never have.”可知，彼得在看着他们，watch“看，注视”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语是“Peter”，动词用三单。故填(w)atches。
10．句意：当彼得再次拜访温蒂时，她已经长大了，有了自己的女儿。根据“Many years pass.”可知，温蒂长大了，grw up“长大”，固定短语，grw用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填(g)rwn。
（2023·天津·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
A smile shws that a persn is happy. Fr example, a persn may smile when he r she is p 11 with sme prgress in studies. Or a persn may smile if a friend tells a funny jke. There are ther gd r 12 t smile ften.
First, it is e 13 t smile than t shw unhappiness. In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles (肌肉) t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness. S give the muscles in yur f 14 a rest and smile!
Secnd, smiles are nice. Peple may try t l 15 nice by exercising r wearing nice clthes. Hwever, peple ften say a smile is the best thing a persn can wear. That is because it is easy t be a 16 smene wh is smiling and happy. Almst n ne wants t stay with smene wh is always unhappy.
Third, smiles have pwer (感染力). Bth smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s 17 frm ne persn t anther. If ne persn smiles, peple arund him r her want t smile, t. Similarly, when a persn laughs, peple tend (往往会) t laugh with him r her. If a persn is s 18 , the best thing t d is t share a smile r a laugh. It is the easiest way t cheer smene up.
F 19 , smiling and laughing are very gd fr the bdy. Even thugh yu are sad, try smiling. Yu’ll find that it will be difficult t s 20 sad fr very lng!
【答案】11．(p)leased 12．(r)easns 13．(e)asier 14．(f)ace 15．(l)k 16．(a)rund 17．(s)pread 18．(s)ad 19．(F)inally 20．(s)tay
【导语】本文主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。
11．句意：例如，当一个人对学习上的进步感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。be pleased with“对……感到满意”，此处指对学习上的进步感到满意。故填(p)leased。
12．句意：还有其他的好理由经常微笑。根据下文内容及首字母r可知下文中介绍了微笑的理由，reasn“理由，原因”，ther后接名词复数。故填(r)easns。
13．句意：首先，微笑比表现不开心更容易。根据“In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness.”可知微笑比表现不开心更容易，is后接easy的比较级easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。
14．句意：所以，让你脸上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根据“In fact, it nly takes 17 muscles t smile. On the ther hand, it takes 43 muscles t shw unhappiness.”可推出此处用的是脸部肌肉，结合首字母f可知用face表示“脸”。故填(f)ace。
15．句意：人们可能会通过锻炼或穿漂亮的衣服来使自己看起来漂亮。根据“by exercising r wearing nice clthes”可知做这些是为了看起来漂亮，lk“看起来”，不定式符号t后用动词原形，构成不定式。故填(l)k。
16．句意：这是因为我们很容易和一个微笑和快乐的人在一起。根据“Almst n ne wants t stay with smene wh is always unhappy.”可知待在爱笑的人周围很容易，用arund表示“在……周围”。故填(a)rund。
17．句意：微笑和大笑都能轻易而迅速地从一个人传播到另一个人。根据“frm ne persn t anther”可知此处指从人到人的传播，spread“传播”，can后用动词原形。故填(s)pread。
18．句意：如果一个人悲伤，最好的办法就是分享一个微笑或大笑。根据“It is the easiest way t cheer smene up.”可知要使难过的人高兴起来，is后接形容词sad表示“难过的”。故填(s)ad。
19．句意：最后，微笑和大笑对身体很好。根据“First ... Secnd ... Third ...”及首字母F可知此处用Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。
20．句意：你会发现保持悲伤很长时间是很困难的！根据“fr very lng”可知此处指长时间保持悲伤，stay“保持，停留”。故填(s)tay。
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。
Ali has wrked and lived in Shandng Prvince fr almst six years. When his friends suggested g 21 t Rizha fr a tw-day trip, the first things that came int his mind were its beautiful beaches and nice seafd. Rizha certainly ges b 22 that! It is als “hmetwn f green tea” in nrthern China. Rizha l 23 in the sutheast f Shandng Prvince near the Yellw Sea. It has pleasant weather, rich sil, and enugh sunlight. All these make it s 24 fr grwing high-quality green tea. Ali had the chance t pick tea leaves fr the first time in his life. “This is the first time I’ve learned abut Chinese tea culture. It’s a new and exciting experience fr me. It’s fantastic!” Ali said with a smile n his f 25 .
【答案】21．(g)ing22．(b)eynd 23．(l)ies24．(s)pecial 25．(f)ace
【导语】本文介绍了阿里将去山东日照旅行，日照作为中国北方的“绿茶之乡”，其气候和地理位置非常适合种植高品质茶叶。
21．句意：当他的朋友建议去日照进行两天的旅行时，他首先想到的是日照美丽的海滩和美味的海鲜。根据首字母及“When his friends suggested…t Rizha fr a tw-day trip”可知，此处指去日照。g“去”，动词。suggest ding sth.“建议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填(g)ing。
22．句意：日照当然不止于此！根据首字母及“its beautiful beaches and nice seafd”及“It is als ‘hmetwn f green tea’ in nrthern China.”可知，日照不仅有美丽的海滩、美味的海鲜，还被称为“绿茶之乡”，此处应为短语g beynd“超越”。故填(b)eynd。
23．句意：日照位于山东省东南部，濒临黄海。根据首字母及“Rizha…in the sutheast f Shandng Prvince”可知，此处介绍日照的地理位置。lie in“位于”。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(l)ies。
24．句意：所有这些都使它特别适合种植高品质的绿茶。根据首字母及“It has pleasant weather, rich sil, and enugh sunlight. All these make it…fr grwing high-quality green tea.”可知，日照的气候和地质使其特别适合种植高品质绿茶。special“特别的”，形容词，作宾补。故填(s)pecial。
25．句意：“这是我第一次了解中国茶文化。这对我来说是一次新的、激动人心的经历。太棒了！”阿里笑着说。根据首字母及“Ali said with a smile n his…”可知，阿里的脸上带着笑容。face“脸”，名词，由“his”可知，用其单数形式。故填(f)ace。
（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
My parents gt Arthur’s Family Laundrmat (洗衣店) frm my grandfather. It was a true family business. My father, my mther and my aunt were respnsible fr different jbs. E 26 my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning nw and then.
My father said that the mst imprtant machine in the Laundrmat wasn’t the washing machine. It was the cffee pt by the dr. The cffee was free and almst every c 27 wuld have a cup and chat with my family while waiting fr their clean clthes. In the hurs a 28 schl r n weekends, it was my jb t keep the cffee pt full. At least ten times each day, I wuld clean up the wet cffee grunds (咖啡渣), weigh 40 g f cffee beans, fill the pt with water, and turn n the cffee machine. It was such a b 29 jb that I culd have dne it in my sleep.
I remember cmplaining ne busy day. “W 30 d we have t give away cffee? We’re a Laundrmat, nt a cffee shp!” I said angrily. My father was surprised at my attitude. At nce he s 31 what he was ding t talk t me. With a patient but serius expressin n his f 32 he spke:
“Sn, peple chse ur laundrmat b 33 we serve them like friends. We ffer them a cup f cffee. We chat with them, laugh with them and cnnect with them. Peple dn’t just need a p 34 t clean their clthes. They need friendship. That is why yur jb is the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.”
My father’s wrds had the expected effect. Frm then n, I d the jb mre c 35 . After all, I had the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat.
【答案】26．(E)ven 27．(c)ustmer 28．(a)fter 29．(b)ring 30．(W)hy 31．(s)tpped 32．(f)ace 33．(b)ecause 34．(p)lace 35．(c)arefully
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家的洗衣店提供免费咖啡，作者一开始向父亲抱怨，不明白为什么洗衣店要提供免费的咖啡，理解了父亲的意图之后，认真对待冲泡咖啡的工作。
26．句意：就连我退休的祖父也偶尔帮忙打扫。根据“It was a true family business.”及“my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning nw and then.”可知，此处强调甚至退休的祖父也在帮忙打扫，even“甚至”，故填(E)ven。
27．句意：咖啡是免费的，几乎每个顾客都会在等待干净衣服的时候和我的家人喝一杯聊天。根据“waiting fr their clean clthes”可知，顾客在等待干净的衣服时会和作者的家人喝一杯咖啡，custmer“顾客”，根据every可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(c)ustmer。
28．句意：在放学后或周末的几个小时里，我的工作就是让咖啡壶保持满满的。根据“schl r n weekends”及首字母可知，此处指在放学后或在周末，after schl“放学后”，故填(a)fter。
29．句意：这是一件很无聊的工作，我睡觉的时候都能做。根据“jb that I culd have dne it in my sleep”及首字母可知，在睡觉的时候能做，说明它是一份很无聊的工作，bring“无聊的”，故填(b)ring。
30．句意：我们为什么要送咖啡？根据“We’re a Laundrmat, nt a cffee shp”可知，作者认为这是一个洗衣店而不是咖啡店，不懂为什么要送咖啡，故填(W)hy。
31．句意：他立刻停下手中的工作和我说话。根据“what he was ding t talk t me”及首字母可知，父亲停止了手里的工作，而来跟作者说话，stp“停止”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填(s)tpped。
32．句意：他脸上带着一种耐心而严肃的表情说。根据“With a patient but serius expressin n his”及首字母可知，脸上出现了一种耐心而严肃的表情，face“脸”，故填(f)ace。
33．句意：孩子，人们选择我们的洗衣店是因为我们像朋友一样服务他们。空格后“we serve them like friends”是解释人们选择作者家洗衣店的原因，故填(b)ecause。
34．句意：人们需要的不仅仅是洗衣服的地方。根据“Peple dn’t just need a … t clean their clthes.”及首字母可知，不需要仅仅是洗衣服的地方，place“地方”，根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，故填(p)lace。
35．句意：从那时起，我更认真地做这项工作。根据“After all, I had the mst imprtant jb in the laundrmat”可知，听到了父亲的一席话，作者工作得更加认真了，此处副词修饰动词，carefully“认真地”，故填(c)arefully。
（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
I grew up in the cuntryside. At arund 10 years ld, I began t learn cking. The first skill I mastered was making dugh（面团）. Since my parents ften came hme l 36 , a prepared dugh wuld help my family have supper sner. I thught it wuld be e 37 because I ften saw my mum d it — just mix water and flur, right? Nt quite! It turned ut t be a m 38 fr a while. First I made the dugh t sft. Then I made it t hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f 39 in lve with cking. It’s a gd way t relax. Mre imprtantly, thanks t my cking skill, I live better d 40 the COVID-19 pandemic. Nw wrking at hme, I ck every meal instead f rdering takeut. It s 41 mney and I dn’t have t wait fr delivery drivers t feed me.
Besides cking, I did a lt f f 42 wrk in my childhd. I gt t knw hw t plant vegetables. T 43 it was hard wrk, the experience taught me things that many f my friends still dn’t knw. Fr example, the part f a ptat that has spruts（芽）can be planted as a seed. I nce discussed this with my friends frm the city. They thught it was a p 44 that they didn’t have the chance t learn these things in their lives.
Sme might say we can learn these things frm textbks. But it can’t cmpare t the j 45 f learning firsthand, watching plants blssm and grw. It brings a new way t lk at the wrld.
【答案】36．(l)ate 37．(e)asy 38．(m)ess 39．(f)ell 40．(d)uring 41．(s)aves 42．(f)arm 43．(T)hugh 44．(p)ity 45．(j)y
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在乡下长大的经历让他受益颇深，一方面从小练习的烹饪让他在疫情期间过的更好，也节省了钱。另一方面，小时候做的农活教会了他许多知识，也带给了他许多城市朋友没有机会体验到快乐。
36．句意：因为我的父母经常回家晚，一个准备好的面团可以帮助我的家人早点吃晚饭。根据“a prepared dugh wuld help my family have supper sner”可推测出，我的父母回家晚，“晚，迟”结合首字母可知，其英文表达为late，根据“Since my parents ften came hme”可知，空格处应用副词原级，即late。故填(l)ate。
37．句意：我以为这很容易，因为我经常看到我妈妈做——只是把水和面粉混合，对吗？根据“because I ften saw my mum d it — just mix water and flur, right”可知，我认为很简单，根据“it wuld be”可知，空格处为形容词，故“简单的”easy。故填(e)asy。
38．句意：结果一会儿之后是一团糟。根据“First I made the dugh t sft. Then I made it t hard”可知，并不如想象中那么简单，故可推测出，结果是一团糟，由“a”可知，空格处为一个名词，结合首字母m，可推测出为mess“杂乱，混乱局面”。故填(m)ess。
39．句意：后来，我做了炸菜和饺子之类的东西，我爱上了烹饪。根据“It’s a gd way t relax”和“in lve with”可知，我爱上了烹饪，“爱上”fall in lve with，根据“cked”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故此处应用fall的过去式fell。故填(f)ell。
40．句意：更重要的是，多亏了我的厨艺，我在新冠病毒疫情流行期间生活得更好了。根据“I live better”和“the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，是在新冠病毒疫情期间，我过的更好了，“在……期间”结合所给首字母d可知，其英文表达为during。故填(d)uring。
41．句意：这样既省钱又不用等送货员来给我送食物。根据“I ck every meal instead f rdering takeut”和“mney”可知，每顿饭我都自己做而不是叫外卖，故可以省钱，“节约，节省”save，根据“dn’t”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，由“It”可知，句子主语为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用save的三单形式saves。故填(s)aves。
42．句意：除了做饭，我小时候还干过很多农活。结合后文和“I gt t knw hw t plant vegetables”可知，我还干过很多农活。“农活”的英文表达为farm wrk，故空格处应填farm。故填(f)arm。
43．句意：尽管工作很辛苦，但这段经历教会了我许多朋友至今仍不知道的东西。根据“it was hard wrk”和“the experience taught me things that many f my friends still dn’t knw”可知，空格处为一个让步状语从句，此时常用althugh或thugh引导，结合所给首字母T，故此处应用Thugh。故填(T)hugh。
44．句意：他们认为这是一个遗憾，他们没有机会在他们的生活中学习这些东西。根据“a”可知，空格处应用一个名词，由“they didn’t have the chance t learn these things in their lives”可推测出，他们为此而觉得遗憾，“遗憾”pity。故填(p)ity。
45．句意：但它无法与亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐相比。根据“the”和“f”可知，空格处应用一个名词，根据“Sme might say we can learn these things frm textbks. But”可知，空格所在句子想表达“亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐”，“快乐”jy。故填(j)y
（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
T many yung Chinese peple, Premier Zhu Enlai is knwn as a key funder f the New China. But f 46 peple knw he nce wrte a martial arts nvel called Jin Gu Ying Xing.
Recently, a Sina Weib user m 47 this nvel written by Zhu mre than a century ag. Many yung peple shwed a strng i 48 in it and their admiratin fr the early pineers f China. Anther user psted the first page f the nvel which Zhu wrte at the a 49 f 16. It was published under Zhu’s pseudnym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in Octber, 1914. Hwever, the nvel was never cmpleted, but it can be fund a 50 . The Early Wrks f Zhu Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.
A 51 many yung peple expressed the regret that Zhu did nt g n with the nvel, they said he played a mre imprtant rle in China’s histry. One wrte “The nvel was stpped but Premier Zhu went n t s 52 the Chinese natin ut f danger!” Anther added, “He gave up a nvel, but he wrte a histry f m 53 China.” A 29-year-ld cmputer engineer said, “The pineers f China are spiritual leaders fr me. Remembering them helped me build up the r 54 values. When I face prblems in life, I am always reminded nt t f 55 the lives f thse pineers. The difficulties I face nw are nthing cmpared with what they experienced.”
【答案】46．(f)ew 47．(m)entined 48．(i)nterest 49．(a)ge 50．(a)mng 51．(A)lthugh 52．(s)ave 53．(m)dern 54．(r)ight/(r)eal 55．(f)rget
【导语】本文讲述了周恩来总理曾写过一部小说《金国英雄》，虽然小说没有写完，但是他在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色，创造了一部中国近代史。
46．句意：但很少有人知道他曾经写过一部武侠小说《金国英雄》。根据“T many yung Chinese peple, Premier Zhu Enlai is knwn as a key funder f the New China”以及“but”对比可知，此处指的是few“几乎没有”，故填(f)ew。
47．句意：最近，一位新浪微博用户提到了周恩来一个多世纪前写的这部小说。根据“a Sina Weib nvel”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是mentin“提到”，是动词，结合上下文可知，此处应用过去式，故填(m)entined。
48．句意：许多年轻人对它表现出浓厚的兴趣，对中国早期的先驱者表示钦佩。根据“Many yung peple shwed a it and their admiratin fr the early pineers f China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是interest“兴趣”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(i)nterest。
49．句意：另一位用户发布了周恩来16岁时写的小说的第一页。根据“at 16”及首字母提示可知，此处是at the age f“在……岁时”，故填(a)ge。
50．句意：然而，小说从未完成，但却能在其中找到它。根据“ It was published under Zhu’s pseudnym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in Octber, nvel was never cmpleted, but it can be Early Wrks f Zhu Enlai published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在之前发表的杂志中可以找到”，此处应用amng“在……中”，故填(a)mng。
51．句意：尽管许多年轻人对周恩来未能继续创作这部小说表示遗憾，但他们表示，周恩来在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色。根据“many yung peple expressed the regret that Zhu did nt g n with the nvel, they said he played a mre imprtant rle in China’s histry.”及首字母提示可知，此处应用althugh“虽然”引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthugh。
52．句意：有人写道：“小说被叫停了，但周总理继续把中华民族从危险中拯救出来！”根据“The nvel was stpped but”及首字母提示可知，此处在说“周总理继续拯救中华民族”，故填(s)ave。
53．句意：另一个补充道：“他放弃了一部小说，但他写了一部中国近代史。”根据“wrte a histry ”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“创造了一部中国近代史”，mdern“现代的”，故填(m)dern。
54．句意：记住它们帮助我建立正确的价值观。根据首字母提示及“When I face prblems in life, I am always reminded nt lives f thse pineers.”可知，此处指的是right/real“正确的/真的”价值观，故填(r)ight/(r)eal。
55．句意：当我面对生活中的问题时，我总是被提醒不要忘记那些开拓者的生活。根据“I am always reminded nt lives f thse pineers.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“不会忘记……”，frget“忘记”，故填(f)rget。
（2021·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，把所缺单词填写在对应题号后面的横线上。
Have yu ever heard f “Natinal Smile Mnth” in the UK? Peple are made t think abut the imprtance f b 56 their teeth, eating less sweet fds and ging t see the dctrs frm time t time.
The British are f 57 fr their bad teeth. Even a dictinary has the expressin “British Smile”, meaning “Any smile with bad teeth”. Hwever, in America, the “Hlly wd Smile” gets its name because American mvie s 58 are s prud t shw ff their beautiful teeth.
But what abut smiling in the UK? D the British smile a lt, r d they lk sad all the time? It’s said that the British dn’t ften shw their feelings. But actually it all d 59 n the situatin. Fr example, Britain desn’t allw smiling in passprt phts. But if yu are at a party, yu’ll find everyne smiling h 60 and ludly.
S, the British smile as much as anyne else.
【答案】56．(b)rushing 57．(f)amus 58．(s)tars 59．(d)epends 60．(h)appily
【导语】本文讲述了英国的 “英式微笑” 和美国的 “好莱坞式微笑”。
56．句意：人们不得不考虑刷牙、少吃甜食和不时去看医生的重要性。根据首字母提示以及下文中的“The British are ... fr their bad teeth”可知，这里考查动词短语brush ne’s teeth“刷牙”，位于介词f之后，应该用动名词形式。故填(b)rushing。
57．句意：英国人以坏牙而闻名。根据首字母提示以及空格前的“are”以及空格后的“fr”可知，本题考查短语be famus fr“因为……而出名”。故填(f)amus。
58．句意：然而，在美国，“好莱坞式微笑”之所以得名，是因为美国电影明星非常自豪地炫耀他们美丽的牙齿。根据首字母提示以及“shw ff their beautiful teeth”可推测，这里说的是美国的电影明星。故填star，因为star在句中做主语，根据空格后的be动词“are”可知，空格上填复数形式。故填(s)tars。
59．句意：但实际上这一切都取决于当时的情况。根据句意可知，本题考查动词短语depend n“取决于”，根据前文的“dn’t ften shw”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语（it）是第三人称单数形式，故填(d)epends。
60．句意：但是如果你在一个聚会上，你会发现每个人都开心地大声微笑。观察句子结构可知，连词“and”连接两个副词，共同修饰smiling。根据首字母以及“smiling”可知，这里指的是“开心地笑”。故填(h)appily。
（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Life will be peaceful if yu always d kind things. I teach my daughters t d 61 a habit f helping thers.
We live in the cuntry. Mst f what we see is beautiful nature. One f the exceptins (例外) t the beauty is the rubbish that sme peple thrw ut f their car windws. And there are n necessary public s 62 , such as rubbish cllectin.
A helping behavir (行为) that I ften p 63 with my daughters is picking up rubbish in ur neighbrhd. My daughters ften have a m 64 t see wh can cllect the mst rubbish. They will ften say t me in an excited vice, “There’s sme rubbish, Daddy, stp the car!” Withut t 65 mre, we will ften get ut f ur car and pick it up. Thugh it may seem strange, we d it. In fact, we e 66 it. We pick up rubbish in parks, n sidewalks, almst a 67 .
One day I saw a man I had never met befre picking up rubbish n the rad. I stpped. He r 68 his head and said t me with a smile, “I saw yu ding this with yur family. It’s a gd idea t prtect ur natural wrld.”
There are many ther ways t p 69 kindness fr thers. Yu may share a dinner with a hmeless persn, visit lnely ld peple in the nursing hme, r help the blind crss the street. Yu can think f smething that can be finished e 70 but helpful. It is fun, self-satisfying, and what’s mre, it can set a gd example. Helping thers is helping yurself.
【答案】61．(d)evelp 62．(s)ervices 63．(p)ractise/(p)ractice 64．(m)atch 65．(t)hinking 66．(e)njy 67．(a)nywhere 68．(r)aised 69．(p)rvide 70．(e)asily
【分析】文章介绍了作者和女儿们以及一位陌生人在社区捡垃圾的事情，告诉我们可以做一些简单的事情来向他人表达善意。
61．句意：我教我的女儿养成帮助别人的习惯。根据“a habit f helping thers”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“养成……的习惯”，是短语develp a habit f...，空格前有t，动词要用原形，故填(d)evelp。
62．句意：而且没有必要的公共服务，比如垃圾收集。根据“such as rubbish cllectin”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“公共服务”，表达为public service，service是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式，故填(s)ervices。
63．句意：我经常和女儿们一起练习的一种帮助行为是在我们附近捡垃圾。根据“A helping behavir”以及“is picking up rubbish in ur neighbrhd”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“练习”，是动词practise/practice，由ften可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语是第一人称，动词用原形，故填(p)ractise/(p)ractice。
64．句意：我的女儿们经常举行比赛，看谁能收集最多的垃圾。根据“t see wh can cllect the mst rubbish”及首字母提示可知，进行的是比赛，match“比赛”，空前有不定冠词a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(m)atch。
65．句意：我们常常会不假思索地下车去捡。根据语境可知，此处表示没有多想，think“想”，是动词，withut是介词，所以后面动词用­ing形式。故填(t)hinking。
66．句意：事实上，我们很喜欢做这件事。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“很享受做这件事情”，enjy“享受、喜欢”，是动词，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是复数人称，动词用原形，故填(e)njy。
67．句意：我们在公园里、人行道上、几乎任何地方捡垃圾。根据句中的“in parks, n sidewalks”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示我们几乎在任何地方捡垃圾，anywhere“在任何地方”，故填(a)nywhere。
68．句意：他抬起头，微笑着对我说。根据“I saw a man I had never met befre picking up rubbish n the rad.”以及常识可知，捡垃圾一定是低着头的，而他跟作者说话的时候应是抬起头，结合首字母提示可知，此处是raise“抬起”，前句是一般过去时，此处动词用过去式，故填(r)aised。
69．句意：还有很多其他的方法可以帮助他人。根据“kindness fr thers”及首字母提示可知，此处表达的是向他人表达善意。符合prvide sth. fr sb.“向某人提供某物”的结构，故填(p)rvide。
70．句意：你可以想出一些容易完成但有帮助的事情。根据“Yu may share a dinner with a hmeless persn, visit lnely ld peple in the nursing hme, r help the blind crss the street.”可知，这些事情都是很容易完成的，结合首字母提示可知，此处是easily“容易地”，是副词，修饰句中的动词finish，故填(e)asily。
（2020·上海·统考中考真题）"Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!" Henry cried ludly．"I'm nt eating this!" Henry's mum and dad lked at each ther．This was the secnd time this week that Henry had c 71 abut his dinner．
"We're ging t let yu take ver dinnertime．Yu can pick the fd and ck yur meals，'Mum said．
"Gd．We're ging t eat gd fd every night!" Henry answered．
The next day，Henry sat dwn t write the meal p 72 "We're ging t have chicken tnight，and ndles tmrrw，" Henry said．
"Are we ging t have anything e 73 besides chicken？We need t have at least ne vegetable fr each meal，"，said Mum．
"We can have cabbage，"Henry said．
After he finished shpping，it was time t make his f 74 meal．He believed that this wuld be his favurite meal．Since he had never cked，his parents were bth there t help him．"There's a lt t d，"Henry thught，as he lked at the mess in the kitchen．He was usually playing games utside while his parents were making dinner．
It tk almst tw hurs t ck．When dinner was finally finished，Henry was tired and h 75 ．But he was s excited—he made dinner!
"I dn't like cabbage，" cried Sphia，Henry's little sister，at the table．Henry felt quite upset．He had wrked s hard n dinner，but it was i 76 t get everyne happy abut every part f every meal!
"I'm srry．I didn't knw this culd be s hard，" Henry felt like he might cry．He began t r 77 hw his parents felt every time at the dinner table．
"It's OK，Henry．Yu wrked really hard．We' ll take back dinner respnsibilities．Yu'll have t d it enugh when yu're grwn up，"Dad said．
Henry felt released．He happily finished his dinner and never gt angry at dinner table again．
【答案】71．cmplained 72．plan 73．else 74．first 75．hungry 76．impssible 77．realize
【分析】文章主要讲Herry因对晚饭所吃的食物不满而爸妈提议以后让他自己做饭的故事。故事中，Herry按照计划好的菜单计划去购物，然后花了差不多两个小时的时间做好饭，最后他的妹妹却说不喜欢卷心菜。这时，他才意识到做大家都满意的饭菜是很难的，并意识到了每次父母吃饭时的感受，最后他得到了父母的理解并释怀了，以后再也不会在吃饭时生气了。
71．句意：这是亨利本周第二次抱怨他的晚餐了。考查动词。由上文“Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!'m nt eating this!”可知，“亨利不喜欢吃肉丸——他对晚饭不满”。那么，结合首字母提示可知空格处表示“抱怨（cmplain）”。再根据句子结构（had+过去分词）可知，题干应用过去完成时。故答案为cmplained。
72．句意：亨利坐下来写用餐计划。考查名词。由下文“We're ging t have chicken tnight，and ndles tmrrw”及首字母提示可知，上文句意为“亨利坐下来写用餐计划”，所以空格处应填plan，“计划”，名词。故答案为plan。
73．句意：除了鸡肉，我们还吃别的吗？考查形容词。由下文“We need t have at least ne vegetable fr each meal”及首字母提示可知，上文句意为“除了鸡肉，我们还吃别的吗？”所以空格处应填else，“其他的”，形容词，常用于不定代词后。故答案为else。
74．句意：他买完东西后，该是他做第一顿饭的时间了。考查序数词。根据上下文及首字母提示可知，“这是亨利第一次做饭”，所以此空应填first，“第一”，序数词。故答案为first。
75．句意，当晚饭终于做好了，Herry（感到）又累又饿。考查形容词。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此空应填hungry，“饥饿的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故答案为hungry。
76．句意：但要让每个人对每顿饭的每一部分都感到高兴是不可能的！考查形容词。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此空应填impssible，“不可能的”，形容词。It is/was+形容词+(fr sb.)t d sth.是固定句式，意为“（对某人而言）做某事是……”。故答案为impssible。
77．句意：他开始意识到他父母每次吃饭时的感受。考查动词。begin t d sth.开始做某事，固定搭配。再根据句意及首字母提示可知，此空应填realize，“意识到”，动词。故答案为realize。
【点睛】题目要求根据首字母提示填写适当的单词补全短文，考查学生对语境的理解能力及对所学词汇的把握和运用能力。做题时，应先把上下文语境或句意与首字母提示结合起来，推出所需单词，然后根据语法知识填写单词的适当形式。
（2019·江苏南通·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。
Nthing is impssible t a willing heart. A shrt vide abut seven peple wearing prsthetic devices(人造装置) wh t 78 n a desert race challenge has becme ppular.
The seven disabled peple j 79 in the 108-kilmeter desert race frm May 11 t 14 in Dunhuang, Nrthwest China’s Gansu Prvince. Six f the seven had ne leg amputated(截肢)，and 80 had tw legs amputated.
Cheng Bajun, a man frm Luhe, Central China’s Henan Prvince, the duble amputee, said he never i 81 he culd take part in the desert race. “It is great, I can d it, and yu can als. ” “It is easy t say, but walking it is h 82 . ” Cheng said. On the first day, they finished a cmplete sectin f 27 kilmeters f the race, and n the secnd day, they finished 20 kilmeters.
“My legs were painful while I was walking. We als met with a very big sandstrm n the way. But s 83 it was a challenge, we culd nt give up. We all encuraged each ther t cntinue. ” he said. After getting t 84 , they rested n the third day and walked n the furth.
La Tngyi walked the lngest f the grup, a distance f mre than 70 kilmeters. Team leader SunNaicheng said that they had t p 85 thrugh depulatin (人烟稀少) areas f the Gbi Desert. He als added that team members challenged themselves and realized their d 86 .
They are gd e 87 fr everyne t learn frm. It’s up t yu hw far yu g. If yu dn’t try, yu will never knw.
【答案】78．tk 79．jined 80．thers 81．imagined 82．hard 83．since 84．tired 85．pass 86．dream 87．examples
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一段关于七个人戴着假肢参加沙漠竞赛的视频已经很流行了。告诉我们有志者事竟成。
78．句意：一个关于七个人戴着假肢参加沙漠竞赛的短片已经很流行了。短语take n a desert race challenge参加挑战沙漠竞赛。这里是一般过去时态，take的过去式是tk。根据句意，故填tk。
79．句意：7名残疾人参加了5月11日至14日在敦煌举行的108公里沙漠竞赛。jin in…参加……。这里是一般过去时态，jined，根据题意，故填jined。
80．句意：七名患者中有六名一条腿被截肢，其他人则两条被截肢。Six f the seven had ne leg amputated(截肢)可知下文是其他的。根据句意，故填thers。
81．句意：来自中国中部河南省洛河市的双重截肢者程宝军（音）说，他从来没有想过自己能参加沙漠赛跑。这里是一般过去时态，imagine的意思是“想象”，imagine的过去式imagined。根据题意，故填imagined。
82．句意：程说：“说起来容易，走起来难。”根据上文It is easy t say hard可知下文是是难的。根据句意，故填hard。
83．句意：我们在途中还遇到了一场很大的沙尘暴。但由于这是一个挑战，我们不能放弃。根据下文it was a challenge, we culd nt give up可知这里是表示原因，用since。根据句意，
故填since。
84．句意：他们累了，第三天休息，第四天走。Tired的意思是“累人的”，根据句意，故填tired。
85．句意：组长孙乃成说，他们必须通过戈壁沙漠的人烟稀少的区域。根据下文thrugh depulatin (人烟稀少) areas f the Gbi Desert.可知这里是通过的意思。have t d sth.表示不得不做某事；pass意思是“通过”，根据句意，故填pass。
86．句意：他还补充说，团队成员挑战自己，实现了自己的梦想。这里是说实现梦想。短语realize ne’s dream表示实现某人的梦想。根据句意，故填dream。
87．句意：他们是每个人学习的好榜样。主语是They，这里表语用复数，examples的意思是“榜样”，根据句意，故填examples。
（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·内蒙古师范大学附属学校校考二模）There are many kinds f art frms in China. And each different part f China has its wn special frms f t 88 art. These usually try t represent the things that are imprtant in life such as lve, beauty and family. The mst cmmn things, frm paper t clay t bamb, t 89 int bjects f beauty.
Paper cutting has b 90 arund fr mre than 1,500 years. Paper cutting sunds very easy b 91 it can be difficult t d. The paper, usually red, is flded befre it is cut with scissrs. The mst cmmn pictures are flwers, fish, animals, and things abut Chinese histry. During the Spring Festival, they are put n windws, drs and walls as s 92 f wishes fr gd l 93 and a happy new year.
Chinese clay art is famus because the clay pieces are s small that they lk very real. The pieces are c 94 shaped by hand frm a very special kind f clay and then allwed t air-dry. After drying, they are fired at a very high heat. They are then plished and painted. Finally, materials such as wd r paper are added t m 95 different things. I 96 takes several weeks t cmplete everything. These small pieces f clay art shw the lve that all Chinese peple have f 97 life and beauty.
【答案】88．(t)raditinal 89．(t)urned 90．(b)een 91．(b)ut 92．(s)ymbls 93．(l)uck 94．(c)arefully 95．(m)ake 96．(I)t 97．(f)r
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统艺术剪纸和泥塑艺术。
88．句意：中国的每个不同地区都有自己独特的传统艺术形式。根据“And each different part f China has its wn special frms f…art.”以及首字母可知，此处指的是“传统的艺术”，传统的：traditinal，形容词作定语，修饰“art”。故填(t)raditinal。
89．句意：最常见的东西，从纸到粘士到竹子，都变成了美的物品。根据“…int bjects f beauty.”以及首字母可知，此处指的是“变成美的物品”，把……变为……：turn…int，固定词组，时态为一般过去时，因此此处用动词过去式“turned”。故填(t)urned。
90．句意：剪纸已经有1500多年的历史了。根据“fr mre than 1,500 years”可知，句子用现在完成时，由首字母可知，此处用“been”。故填(b)een。
91．句意：剪纸听起来很容易，但可能很难做到。根据“Paper cutting sunds very easy…it can be difficult t d.”以及首字母可知，此处表示转折，因此用but，意为“但是”。故填(b)ut。
92．句意：春节期间，人们把它们挂在窗户、门和墙上，作为好运和新年快乐的象征。根据“drs and walls as…f wishes…”以及首字母可知，此处指的是新年快乐的象征，象征：symbl，结合“they”可知，此处用复数形式。故填(s)ymbls。
93．句意：春节期间，人们把它们挂在窗户、门和墙上，作为好运和新年快乐的象征。根据“gd…and a happy new year.”以及首字母可知，此处指的是“好运”，运气：luck作宾语，名词。故填(l)uck。
94．句意：这些作品是用一种非常特殊的粘土手工精心制作而成，然后风干。根据“by hand”可知，此处指的是“精心制作”，细心地：carefully，副词修饰动词。故填(c)arefully。
95．句意：最后，添加木材或纸张等材料来制作不同的东西。根据“materials such as wd r paper are added t…”可知，此处指的是“制作动词”，制作：make，动词，空前是“t”，因此此处用make。故填(m)ake。
96．句意：完成每件事需要几个星期。根据首字母以及“…takes several weeks t cmplete everything.”可知，It takes+时间+t d sth.花时间做某事，固定用法。故填(I)t。
97．句意：这些小小的陶艺作品表达了所有中国人对生活和美的热爱。根据“These small pieces f clay art shw the lve that all Chinese peple have…life and beauty.”以及首字母可知，此处指的是“对于生活的热爱”，fr意为“对于”，介词。故填(f)r。
（2023·山西太原·太原五中校考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。
Everyne knws that secnd-hand smke is as dangerus as first-hand smke. But have yu h 98 f “third-hand” smke?
Third-hand smke means the pllutin left n the surfaces(表面) f things arund, 1 99 furniture r clthes. When smene smkes in a rm, pisnus particles(粒子) in tbacc(烟草) smke land n the surfaces f the furniture r his clthes, even after the cigarette(香烟) has been put ut. This can c 100 a great danger t yur family, especially yunger children.
B 101 are mre likely t be harmed by third-hand smke. This is because they are ften clse t surfaces f things, such as flrs, walls and furniture where tbacc particles remain. When they t 102 these surfaces, they get their hands plluted.
S, it is necessary and imprtant t r 103 third-hand smke. T achieve this, strict r 104 fr frbidding(禁止) smking inside hmes shuld be carried ut. If ne f yur family members smkes, please make sure he smkes utside the h 105 . Get him a special jacket and hat, s nce he f 106 smking, he will take them ff befre getting inside the huse.
Mrever, make sure that a smker washes his hands and face, and changes his clthes befre picking up the baby. Many times, yu cannt see the smke ding harm t yur child, but it desn’t mean he r she is s 107 . Give up smking, r if that is nt pssible, make sure that yur lved nes, far away frm third-hand smke.
【答案】98．(h)eard 99．(l)ike 100．(c)ause 101．(B)abies 102．(t)uch 103．(r)efuse 104．(r)ules 105．(h)use 106．(f)inishes 107．(s)afe
【导语】本文介绍的是三手烟的危害以及如何减少三手烟的危害。
98．句意：但是你听说过“三手烟”吗？根据“But have yu…f ‘third-hand’ smke?”可知与前面是转折关系，结合所给首字母，可知应是hear f“听说”，由前面have可知，此处要用现在完成时，故填(h)eard。
99．句意：三手烟是指残留在周围物品表面的污染，比如家具或衣服。根据“Third-hand smke means the pllutin left n the surfaces(表面) f things arund…urniture r clthes.”可知空后是举的例子，结合首字母，可知应填like“像”，故填(l)ike。
100．句意：这会对你的家人，尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危险。根据“This can…a great danger t yur family, especially yunger children.”可知此处说的是留在表面的污染会造成危险，结合所给首字母，可知应填cause“造成”，由can可知情态动词后加动词原形，故填(c)ause。
101．句意：婴儿更容易受到三手烟的伤害。根据“This can…a great danger t yur family, especially yunger children.”以及“This is because they are ften clse t surfaces f things, such as flrs, walls and furniture where tbacc particles remain”可知此处应是说婴儿更容易受到伤害，因为他们通常靠近物体的表面，结合所给首字母可知应填baby“婴儿”，由are可知要用复数，且位于句首，首字母大写，故填(B)abies。
102．句意：当他们接触到这些表面时，他们的手就被污染了。根据“they get their hands plluted”可知应是触摸表面的时候，手会被污染，结合首字母可知应是tuch“触摸”，通读全文可知是一般现在时，主语为they，故要用动词原形，故填(t)uch。
103．句意：因此，拒绝三手烟是必要和重要的。根据“This can…a great danger t yur family, especially yunger children…are mre likely t be harmed by third-hand smke.”可知三手烟有危害，故拒绝三手烟很必要，结合所给首字母，可知应填refuse“拒绝”，由“it is necessary and imprtant t…third-hand smke”可知此处是it is+形容词+t d“做某事是……的”，故填动词原形，故填(r)efuse。
104．句意：为了实现这一目标，应该制定严格的规定，禁止在家中吸烟。“T achieve this, strict…fr frbidding(禁止) smking inside hmes shuld be carried ut.”可知应是实施禁止吸烟的规则，结合所给首字母，可知用rule“规则”，空前没有冠词，故要用复数，故填(r)ules。
105．句意：请确保他在屋外抽烟。根据“T achieve this, strict…fr frbidding(禁止) smking inside hmes shuld be carved ut”可知屋内禁止吸烟，故要在屋外抽烟，结合首字母，可知空处应填huse“屋子”，且前面有the，故填(h)use。
106．句意：给他一件特殊的夹克和帽子，这样一旦他抽完烟，他就会在进屋前把它们摘下来。根据“Get him a special jacket and hat, s nce he…smking, he will take them ff befre getting inside the huse.”可知应是抽完烟，把夹克和帽子脱掉，结合首字母，可知应填finish“完成”，通读全文可知是一般现在时，主语为he，故要用动词单三形式，故填(f)inishes。
107．句意：很多时候，你看不到烟雾对你的孩子造成伤害，但这并不意味着他或她是安全的。根据“yu cannt see the smke ding harm t yur child, but it desn’t mean he r she is…”可知此处应填形容词作表语，前面说的是看不见危害，由but可知是转折关系，故后面有应是不意味着安全，结合首字母可知应填safe“安全的”，故填(s)afe。
（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Naan is a delicius lcal fd in nrthwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autnmus Regin. Shps making and s 108 naan can be fund everywhere in the area.
As e 109 as the Han dynasty when the Silk Rad was chartered, the business travelers wuld carry naan as fd, which wuld nt g b 110 fr mnths. Nwadays, a small piece f naan is nt nly the main fd t fill the s 111 , but als the sul (灵魂) f Xinjiang’s fd culture.
It’s said that in Xinjiang, ne can spend ne day withut eating meat, but cannt g t 112 a day withut eating naan. As a husehld fd, naan has a wide range (范围) f varieties depending n different ethnic (民族的) grups. A bwl f milk tea and a piece f naan is a very typical fd m 113 . Naan is easy t preserve and carry, and it is als the main fd fr Xinjiang peple t treat g 114 .
Xinjiang peple cherish naan very much, and they enjy it in a very special manner. They usually break naan int several small pieces and sak them in brth (肉汤) r milk tea b 115 eating. Breaking naan int pieces is an imprtant part f naan culture in Xinjiang as they believe that naan shuld be shared with thers and that its rund shape r 116 slidarity (团结) and gd will.
The time-hnred naan, f 117 f Xinjiang lcal culture, is rlling n the Chinese even wrld stage because f its special features.
【答案】108．(s)elling 109．(e)arly 110．(b)ad 111．(s)tmach 112．(t)hrugh/(t)hrughut 113．(m)atch 114．(g)uests 115．(b)efre 116．(r)epresents 117．(f)ull
【导语】本文主要介绍了新疆的美食——馕，是新疆饮食文化的灵魂。
108．句意：制作和销售馕饼的商店在该地区随处可见。根据该句语境和“Shps making”可知，此处表示商店销售馕饼，sell“售卖”，动词，应和making并列保持一致，所以用selling。故填(s)elling。
109．句意：早在汉代开辟丝绸之路时，商旅就会随身携带馕饼作为食物。as early as表示“早在……的时候”符合语境。故填(e)arly。
110．句意：几个月都不会变质。g bad表示“变质”。故填(b)ad。
111．句意：如今，一小块馕不仅是填饱肚子的主食，更是新疆饮食文化的灵魂。根据语境可知，此处表示填饱肚子，stmach表示“胃，腹部”，此处用单数形式。故填(s)tmach。
112．句意：据说在新疆，一个人可以一天不吃肉，但一天不吃馕就不能过一天。g thrugh/thrughut a day表示“经历一天/一整天”。故填(t)hrugh/(t)hrughut。
113．句意：一碗奶茶和一块馕，是非常典型的食物搭配。根据语境和“A bwl f milk tea and a piece f naan”可知，此处是表示两种食物搭配，match表示“相配，匹配”，空前有a，所以用名词单数。故填(m)atch。
114．句意：馕易于保存和携带，也是新疆人民招待客人们的主要食物。根据语境可知，此处表示招待客人们，guest表示“客人，宾客”，应用复数形式guests。故填(g)uests。
115．句意：他们通常把馕饼掰成几小块，在吃之前浸泡在肉汤或奶茶中。根据该句语境可知，馕是在浸泡后再吃，即吃之前需浸泡，befre表示“在……之前”。故填(b)efre。
116．句意：将馕分解成碎片是新疆馕文化的重要组成部分，因为他们认为馕应该与他人分享，其圆形代表团结和善意。根据“its rund shape”和“slidarity and gd will”可知，此处缺少谓语动词“代表”，represent表示“代表，象征”，此处主语为第三人称单数，且时态为一般现在时，所以应用动词三单形式represents。故填(r)epresents。
117．句意：历史悠久、充满新疆本土文化的馕以其独特的特色滚遍中国乃至世界的舞台。full f表示“充满……”。故填(f)ull。
（2023·江苏南通·校考三模）
The earliest piece f guqin in China, unearthed in Hubei prvince in 2016, dates back t the Zhu Dynasty(c. 11th century-256BC). The bdy f a guqin is made f painted wd and the strings f twisted silk. A 118 its appearance lks simple, making a guqin is quite challenging. An utstanding piece can take y 119 t create. It is a crystallizatin f art and time.
The sund f a guqin is quiet, ethereal and distant. Vibratins(振动) are used t p 120 an undulating and lasting music, with rich empty ntes in between. As the listener fills in the space in their wn minds, a cnnectin is f 121 between music and men.
The guqin was lved by the literati in ancient China. The mst famus guqin m 122 was Yu Bya in the Spring and Autumn(770-476 BC) and Warring States(475-221 BC) perids. As he played his guqin in the muntains, a wdcutter named Zhng Ziqi heard the music and understd exactly what Yu wanted t e 123 . This deep understanding frmed a strng bnd between them, and they became c 124 friends. This is the famus tale b 125 the guqin masterpiece, Flwing Water, High Muntains. The piece has been passed dwn thrugh generatins and is cnsidered ne f the mst famus and imprtant w 126 in Chinese guqin music.
The well-knwn stry abut guqin, flwing frm brushed fingertips and travelling fr thusands f years, is cntinuing t the p 127 .
【答案】
118．(A)lthugh 119．(y)ears 120．(p)rduce 121．(f)rmed 122．(m)usician 123．(e)xpress 124．(c)lse 125．(b)ehind 126．(w)rks 127．(p)resent
【导语】本文主要介绍中国的古琴和著名的古琴名曲——《高山流水》。
118．句意：尽管它的外形看起来很简单，但是制作古琴却是很有挑战性。根据首字母提示及前后分句的逻辑关系可知，此处考查连词althugh“虽然、尽管、即使”，表示让步。故填(A)lthugh。
119．句意：一把出色的古琴可能需要数年时间才能制作出来。古琴是艺术和时间的结晶。根据“take”和首字母提示可知，此处表示years“年”，名词复数；take years t d sth.“花数年时间做某事”。故填(y)ears。
120．句意：振动被用来产生起伏而持久的音乐……根据“vibratins”和“music”之间的物理学原理及首字母提示可知，此处指prduce“生产、造出”，动词。故填(p)rduce。
121．句意：当听者在自己的脑海里填补这些空白时，音乐和人之间便建立了联系。根据“a cnnectin”和“between music and man”可知，此处指frm“（使）（关系、习惯或想法）形成”，动词。再根据句子结构可知，此处应用被动语态：be+过去分词。故填(f)rmed。
122．句意：最著名的古琴演奏家是春秋战国时期的俞伯牙。根据“Yu Bya”及首字母提示可知，此处指musician“音乐家”，名词。故填(m)usician。
123．句意：当他在山间弹奏古琴时，有一个叫钟子期的樵夫听到了音乐声，并完全理解了俞伯牙想要表达的意思。根据“ exactly what Yu wanted t...”及首字母提示可知，此处指express“表达”，动词。故填(e)xpress。
124．句意：他们成为了亲密的朋友。根据“This deep understanding...”和“friends”及首字母提示可知，此处指clse“亲密的”，形容词，作定语，修饰名词friends。故填(c)lse。
125．句意：这就是古琴名曲《高山流水》背后的著名传说。根据上文所述内容及首字母提示可知，此处指behind“在……的背面”，介词。故填(b)ehind。
126．句意：这首曲目被世代传承，也被认为是中国古琴音乐中最著名和最重要的作品之一。根据“The piece has been passed dwn thrugh generatins...”及首字母提示可知，此处指古琴名曲《高山流水》被认为是中国古琴音乐中著名和最重要的作品之一，ne f the +最高级+名词复数。故填(w)rks。
127．句意：这个大家熟知的关于古琴的故事从指尖流淌而出，穿越了千年岁月，至今仍在持续着。根据“ fr thusands f years...”及首字母提示可知，此处指俞伯牙和钟子期之间的故事流传至今。present“目前、现在”，名词。故填(p)resent。
（2023·江苏南京·校考一模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Hw wuld yu feel if mving t a new twn meant lsing track f yur friends? What if the nly way f getting news frm faraway friends was writing letters that tk ages t be delivered? This was hw things wrked nt very lng ag. Thanks t advances in technlgy, hw we make friends and c 128 with them has changed significantly.
Nwadays, we can mve arund the wrld and still stay in t 129 with the peple that we want t remain friends with. Scial media t 130 let us see what ur friends are up t and maintain friendships. All yu need is a wi-fi cnnectin.
The digital age als enables us t find peple wh share ur interests, such as cllecting mdel cars r p 131 an unusual instrument. Whatever ur hbbies, the Internet can c 132 us with thers wh als enjy ding them, even if they live n the ther side f the wrld.
But when yu “friend” peple nline, des this mean that they really are yur friends? It depends. If peple always e 133 true persnal infrmatin nline, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need t keep in mind that what we see n scial media is ften nt the whle t 134 abut a persn.
On scial media sites, peple tend t pst nly psitive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. But smiling phts can h 135 real prblems. Remember the saying: n the Internet, nbdy knws yu’re a dg. A yung persn culd be ld; a wman culd be a man; we culd even be s 136 ur infrmatin with criminals.
But this desn’t mean that we shuld thrw the baby ut with the bathwater. A 137 technlgy has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning f friendship and ur lnging fr friends remain the same. As Aristtle said, n ne wuld chse t live withut friends, even if he had all ther gds.
【答案】128．(c)mmunicate 129．(t)uch 130．(t)ls 131．(p)laying 132．(c)nnect 133．(e)xchange 134．(t)ruth 135．(h)ide 136．(s)haring 137．(A)lthugh
【导语】本文主要讲述了互联网给我们交友带来的变化，即我们随时随地可以交友，但是这样获得的友谊是否有意义呢？
128．句意：由于科技的进步，我们交朋友和与他们交流的方式发生了重大变化。根据“we make friends and them”可知是指和朋友交流，cmmunicate with sb“和某人交流”，动词形式和and前的make一致，故填(c)mmunicate。
129．句意：如今，我们可以在世界各地移动，仍然与我们想要保持朋友关系的人保持联系。stay in tuch with“和……保持联系”，为固定短语，故填(t)uch。
130．句意：社交媒体工具让我们可以看到朋友在做什么，并维持友谊。根据“Scial media us see what ur friends are up t and maintain friendships.”可知能让我们可以看到朋友在做什么，并维持友谊的是社交媒体工具，t“工具”，可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填(t)ls。
131．句意：数字时代也使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人，比如收集汽车模型或演奏一种不寻常的乐器。根据“ unusual instrument. ”可知是指演奏乐器，应用play，动词形式和r前的cllecting一样，故填(p)laying。
132．句意：无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网可以将我们与同样喜欢做这些事情的人联系起来，即使他们住在世界的另一边。根据“the Internet can with thers wh als enjy ding them”可知互联网可以把我们连接在一起，cnnect“连接”，动词，can后加动词原形，故填(c)nnect。
133．句意：如果人们总是在网上交换真实的个人信息，那么是的，这些友谊可以是真实而有意义的。根据“If peple always persnal infrmatin nline”可知是指交换信息，exchange“交换”，是动词，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语是peple，动词用原形，故填(e)xchange。
134．句意：但我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相。根据“what we see n scial media is ften nt the whle a persn.”可知网上看到的一个人往往不是这个人的全部真实信息，truth“事实，真相”符合语境，故填(t)ruth。
135．句意：但微笑的照片可能会掩盖真正的问题。根据“But smiling phts can prblems”可知微笑会把问题掩盖，hide“隐藏”，动词，位于can后，应用原形，故填(h)ide。
136．句意：我们甚至可能与罪犯分享我们的信息。根据“we culd even be infrmatin with criminals.”可知是指和罪犯分享信息，share“分享”，动词，结合be可知动词应用现在分词，故填(s)haring。
137．句意：虽然科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式，但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望保持不变。根据“technlgy has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning f friendship and ur lnging fr friends remain the same. ”可知前后是转折让步关系，应用althugh引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthugh。