专题26 短文填空 考点2 选词填空-2023年中考英语真题分项汇编（全国通用）

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中考真题英语分项汇编
专题12 短文填空 考点2 选词填空（第01期）
（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空、使短文完整、通顺（每空一词，每词限用一次）。
none  silent  stand  we  courage  question  fast  protect  but  without
Once in a physics class, the teacher asked students, “Why do we have brakes (刹车) in our cars?” Soon, students gave different answers. A student 1 up and replied, “Sir, to stop the car.” Another one said, “To reduce and control the speed of the car.”
However, 2 of the answers was the same as the teacher’s. Then he said, “All of your answers are right. But in my opinion, the brakes in the car make us able to drive much 3 .”
“If the car has no brakes, how fast are we ready to drive? It is the brakes in the car that give us 4 to drive fast and safely.” Listening to this, the whole class was 5 because no one had imagined this answer.
Similarly, there are many such “brakes” in our life, which seem to stop us. For example, our parents may ask 6 about progress or decisions in life. Their 7 or suggestions may be considered as “brakes” which stand in our way. But we can see them as our supporters which can 8 us while taking risks. Sometimes, we have to stop or even step back, so that we can take a big step.
In fact, it is the “brakes” in life that help us a lot. 9 these “brakes”, we could lose our direction or get into danger. So we need to understand that “brakes” in our life are not meant to push us back 10 to make us move forward more quickly than before.
（2023·甘肃天水·统考中考真题）
用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用一次。
friend,   or,   silly,   look up,   you,   a little,   in,   what,   sometimes,   have
Dear Li Ming,
How are you? My name is Mary. I’ve been looking forward to 11 a pen pal for a long time now. I hope we can become great 12 !
Ever since I got your name and address from my teacher, Mrs. Brown, I have been thinking about 13 to write. First, I thought of telling 14 what it’s like to go to school here in London. But then, I thought you could 15 London on the internet and read about it yourself. And then I had the idea to tell you about my family, but I realized that the story of my little brother losing a tooth 16 the time we got a new kitten might be kind of boring. After that, I thought about asking you questions about what it’s like to live 17 Gansu, but I was afraid you might think my questions were 18 .
I guess I can tell you 19 about myself. In fact, you’ve probably already learned one thing about me. I 20 have a hard time making up my mind! I hope you will write me back anyway.
Sincerely,
Mary

（2023·湖北随州·统考中考真题）
从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，每空一词。
harmful    in    far    trade    kill    group    if    slow    strong    they
Save the Sharks!Many have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is especially popular 21 southern China. But do you realize that you’re 22 a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup?
When people catch sharks, they cut off 23 fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also 24 to the environment. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and 25 dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. 26 their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the 27 in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and 28 in this industry every year. The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
Environmental protection 29 around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So 30 , no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? Help save the sharks!

（2023·山东泰安·统考中考真题）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
improve, solve, unusual, why, read, expression, good, from, enough, might
ChatGPT is an AI system(系统) that can have a discussion and create written work. It can create material based on what it has learned 31 digital books and online naissance. Now three high school students in Cyprus have developed an 32 robot with the help of their teachers. It is special as it uses ChatGPT AI technology.
The robot is named AInstein. It is the size of a small adult and even has a screen for a face that appears to show human facial(面部) 33 . It speaks a North American form of English. And it can tell jokes, like “ 34 was the math book sad? Because it had too many problems.” The robot enjoys 35 science books and spending time playing the violin.
The creators of AInstein want to use the technology to 36 learning experiences in the classroom. In fact, there 37 be a place for robots in education after all. British education expert Anthony Seldon predicts that robots will take over the classroom in 2027 and teachers will work as their helpers.
One thing is certain, though. A robot teacher is 38 than no teacher at all. In some parts of the world, there aren’t 39 teachers and 9—16 percent of children under the age of 14 don’t go to school. That problem could be partly 40 by robots, because they can teach anywhere and won’t get stressed, or tired, or move somewhere for an easier, higher-paid job.
（2023·山西·统考中考真题）
请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。
she   make   club    much    value    different    
he    tell     work   kind     parent   understand
Last year we had a new classmate. 41 name is Danny. He was tall and handsome with dark brown eyes. Many classmates liked him.
One day, we 42 that we would have a school trip at the end of the month. The whole class got very excited and the girls began to discuss what to wear and what to bring with them. But Danny simply told everyone he wouldn’t go.
“Don’t you like it, Danny?” our teacher Mr. Sims asked with 43 .
Danny stood up and said, “It’s too much money for me. My dad is ill in bed. My mom 44 in a supermarket every day. I’m not asking them for money.”
“I’m very proud of you that you can understand your 45 . Not every student of your age can think about this,” Mr. Sims replied.
Then Mr. Sims said to the class, “This year, we are going to do things 46 . Would you like to raise money for the trip by yourselves? I hope each of you can come up with at least one idea.  And we 47 a plan tomorrow.”
“Well, my family can afford the trip. Do I still have to do that?” Shelly asked.
“Shelly, this will be a different and 48 learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.”
That day, we knew Danny 49 than before because he was not only honest but also brave. His behavior（行为）helped us 50 what his family had or didn’t have couldn’t decide who he was. He won the respect of many of us.
（2023·河南·统考中考真题）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
screen     receive     because     play     patient     choose     he     short     situation     help
Imagine you are collecting some information about winter traditions of northern China. You open a video that you think it could be 51 to you. But it takes time to load(加载). After ten seconds, it hasn’t even 52 yet. Will you continue to wait patiently?
Computer science expert Ramesh Sitaraman placed 6. 7 million people in a 53 similar to the one above. According to 54 study, 52% of people would give up waiting for the video after only two seconds. And with every second passing, another 5.8 percent of people would 55 to give up. Sitaraman’s research shows that people are becoming less and less patient. Because of the fast Internet speed, we are used to 56 “instant gratification (即时满足)”. We expect to get what we want without waiting. When we don’t get what we want 57 , we will be worried or even angry. This happens in front of our 58 and beyond.
But being 59 doesn’t just solve your troubles. It is also the key to success in life. To some degree, many people including J. K. Rowling and Deng Qingming succeed 60 they are quite patient. When you want to get instant gratification next time, remember that good things do take time. It’s better to be patient.

（2023·陕西·统考中考真题）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
be    end    easy    bird    problem    develop    get    noise    high    offer
Nature is wonderful. It 61 our best teacher. It teaches us a lot and we are born to learn from it to solve 62 . For example, scientists used what they saw in nature to improve our way of travelling. In days of high-speed train research and 63 , scientists were once faced with a noise problem. The trains pushed air through tunnels at 64 speeds. So, when a train came out of a tunnel, it could be very, very 65 . However, kingfisher birds hardly make a sound when they get into lakes or rivers. Engineers 66 a clever idea. They changed the front of the trains to match the shape of the kingfisher. Then the air could 67 pass over the trains. The problem was solved!
The kingfisher 68 example is just one that we learned from nature. Scientists study the smart models that nature can 69 . Then they use their wisdom(智慧) and imagination to design new products. Nature provides us with 70 possibilities to find wonderful ways to improve our lives. Learning from nature knows no bounds(永无止境)!
（2023·江苏苏州·统考中考真题）
请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
in front of      move      member      happy      complete
The Shenzhou XV mission (飞行任务) crew (乘组) returned to Earth on June 4 after a six-month mission. The crew 71 are Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu.
After everything was ready, the astronauts were carried out of the capsule (返回舱) one by one and placed on chairs 72 the capsule. Then, the astronauts shared their feelings and thoughts with a reporter from CCTV in a live program. Fei said, “We have 73 our tasks before returning safely to Earth. We are all in good condition.” Deng said, “I expected the chance to fly into space for twenty-five years. It was the 74 moment of my life to know that I could be in the mission.” Zhang said, “We will go back to training as soon as possible. We will always be ready to return to space.”
After the interview, the astronauts were 75 away for health checks.
（2023·江西·统考中考真题）
enter   steal   what   while   another   laugh   visitor   impolitely   height   wise   
environment
Many years ago, there were many states in China. The State of Qi used to be very strong, but it became less powerful. Yan Zi was a 76 adviser, so the king of Qi sent him to ask Chu to support each other.

The king of Chu knew Yan Zi was very short. He tried to make Yan Zi feel shy about his 77 . When Yan Zi arrived, the guard told him 78 through the small gate. Yan Zi didn’t get angry. “Only a state of dogs will greet 79 with a gate for dogs. I’m visiting the State of Chu. This gate isn’t for me.” Yan Zi said. So the guard had to take him through the main gate.
The king of Chu was unhappy at 80 Yan Zi did. “Why did Qi send YOU? Don’t they have anyone better?” the king tried 81 way.
“If Qi meets a great king, it’ll send the best ambassador (使臣). I’m the worst. That’s why I’m here.” Yan Zi replied calmly (镇定地). At this time, the guards brought a thief (小偷) to the king. The thief was from Qi. “Ha! Yan Zi, is Qi a state of thieves?” asked the king 82 .
Yan Zi replied, “The orange trees south of Huai River produce big and delicious fruit, 83 the orange trees north of Huai River produce small and sour fruit. The 84 makes the fruit grow differently. In Qi, people are good and honest, but here, they 85 . What made that person a thief here?” Finally, the king looked at Yan Zi and 86 , “I was wrong about you and your state!”

（2023·四川广安·统考中考真题）
根据短文内容用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空，每空一词，每词一次，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应位置。
if    I    excite    afford    the    bookshop    pick    from    few    lucky
When I was in primary school, I fell in love with reading. The books brought a wonderful world to 87 . The more I read, the more I wanted to know. However, my parents could not 88 so many books. I had to solve the problem myself.
There was a 89 near my home. One day I walked into the bookshop and 90 up a book. I didn’t know whether I could read there without buying any books. To make sure, I just read a 91 pages and then put it back. 92 , no one noticed me. After that, I went there to read every day. Several days later, while I was reading, the owner came up and asked, “You like reading?” I looked down and replied nervously, “Yes.” “Don’t worry,” he said with a smile, “You may read books here 93 you help me clean the shop.” I felt quite 94 , “Wow! It’s so kind of you!” From then on, I spent a little time cleaning the shop. After that, I quietly read there. Finally, I became one of 95 best writers in our school.
Now studying in high school, I can borrow books 96 the library. My hobby of reading is kept. It will make a big difference to my life.

（2023·浙江宁波·统考中考真题）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。
nearby   happen   steal   hour   feel
Last year, my friends and I went on a trip. We started early in the morning and traveled for several 97 on a bus. When we arrived, everyone was tired.
While we were getting off the bus, I noticed a young man, probably in his early twenties, standing very close to one of my friends. Suddenly, I realized that he was trying to 98 my friend’s wallet from her bag! I 99 really nervous, but I knew I had to take action to stop him. Luckily, I saw two police officers standing 100 and got an idea. So I fell over and cried out painfully. The police officers heard that and came over to help. When they were by my side, I told them what was 101 . They caught the thief right away.
After that, we thanked the police officers and went on with our trip happily.
（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）
短文填空从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺 (每词限用一次)。
actual  advantage  chance  child  difficult
difference  few  hear  many  possible  silence  tell
Do you believe a rose plant says “I want some water” or a tree shouts “My arms hurt”? Maybe you will say this could only happen in some 102 stories.
In fact, plants are not always 103 . A recent study has found plants shout when they are in need of water or having their stems cut. “Even in a quiet field, there are 104 some sounds that carry information. However, the pitch (音高) is too high for people 105 ,” said Lilach Hadany, a professor from Tel Aviv University.
The researchers used microphones to record some tomato plants and found that stressed plants send out 106 sounds than unstressed plants. “When tomatoes are not stressed at all, they are very quiet,” Professor Hadany said. They also trained a machine in 107 the differences between thirsty plants and cut plants. The result shows that when the causes of stress change, they shout 108 . After the team recorded many kinds of other plants, they found that many plants like corn, wheat and grape plants send out sounds when they are under stress, too.
“There is a 109 that a lot of communication is happening,” Professor Hadany said. “Because other plants can probably hear the call of the stressed plants.”
Sound recordings of plants could bring humans lots of 110 , especially in farming. For example, people will make sure whether corn is getting enough water or where water is needed most without much 111 .

（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，选出可以填入短文空格处的词并将该词的字母代号（不写出该词）填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
A．they    B．beauty    C． also    D．physical    E. something
F. at    G. found    H. express    I. better    J. medicine
Reading and writing poems is a very personal experience. Poets use language as a way of expressing their feelings. Poets can describe the 112 of nature, a person, a dream or a memorable event. Most people have tried writing poems 113 some time. For children, it’s a good way to enjoy language and have fun with words as well as to 114 themselves.
But teachers and psychologists (心理学家) have 115 another use for poems as a form of therapy (疗法) to help with problems. Writing poems can help deal with change in their lives, death or feelings of sadness or serious disease. By writing down your feelings, you can learn to understand yourself 116 than before.
Poems might be a way of telling someone 117 when you don’t feel able to talk about it face to face. Poems written as therapy can be funny too, as laughter is also considered to be very good 118 for illness.
Students at a special school in England read and write poems every day. Some of the poems that 119 write are very good, but their reason for writing is not just to be creative. All of them have some mental and 120 problems. But by writing poems, students are growing in self-confidence. The poems provide a channel for them to communicate with the world and express their feelings. They 121 help them to find out and work out their problems and to develop a positive attitude to life.
（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词限用一次。
success  how  send  education  villager  they  without  hard-working  receive  really
On May 15, 2023, the Activity of Choosing People Who Moved Liangshan in 2022 was held in Xichang. Ten people 122 the proud prize. Among them was Lou Se’er whose four children got into the famous universities in China. Two of them are studying in Tsinghua University. He was given a special prize by the government on October 31st, 2022. It’s impossible for him to get such special prizes 123 the great effort.
Luo and his wife live in a small mountain village in Butuo. They have a common and hard life as most other 124 in their neighborhood. They have little education, but how can they bring up four excellent children? Luo told reporters about his “secrets of 125 education.” “I hope my children can get more education and have a better future.” said Luo. “My wife and I faced lots of challenges and difficulties. We don’t know 126 to read or write. We can hardly count.”
They 127 realized the importance of education for their children. They made up their minds 128 them to good schools. They can’t help their children with studying at home during weekends, summer and winter vacations. The children have to learn by 129 and sometimes the elder brothers helped their younger brother and sister. They studied very hard and made great progress in examinations. “My all children are in good universities. In fact, there is no secret. It’s just a whole-hearted decision, I together with my wife will support them all the time as long as they need. We think 130 plays a very important role towards success.” added Luo.
Many people are touched by the story about the poor family—parents with little education and four 131 children. They believe that the Luos’ life must become better and better.
（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）
选词填空 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
they  plant  standard  three  for  everyday  support  use  discuss  tradition
For middle and primary school students, learning to cook has become a must. They will also need to learn how 132 vegetables, raise poultry (家禽) and maintain home appliances (修理家电) under new requirements for labor (劳动) education.
The Ministry of Education (MOE教育部) brought out a new 133 for labor education in school last year. From the 2022 fall term, students in primary and middle schools have to take courses on labor skills at least once a week. The new standard includes three kinds of labor tasks (任务). The first is for things like 134 chores, including cleaning, organizing, cooking and maintaining home appliances. Next is productive labor, such as making hand-made works and 135 new technologies. The 136 is service work which includes volunteer work.
Schools in China have 137 paid more attention to studying, and many have seen chores as a waste of children’s time. But according to the MOE, labor education must be built up to help students and develop an interest in labor.
Online, people have been busy 138 the new standard on social media (社交媒体). Liu Fang, a mother of 6-year-old twins in Beijing, strongly 139 labor education. For the past year, she has trained her daughters to do chores and make simple dishes 140 the family.
“Through doing housework, their eye-hand coordination (手眼协调), time management and organization skills can be trained and it’s also good to help 141 relax.” Through such education, Liu thinks her twins have found fun in doing chores and are more independent.