还剩10页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
新高考英语复习：训练20 概要写作示例与写作训练10新高考英语复习：
展开
这是一份新高考英语复习：训练20 概要写作示例与写作训练10新高考英语复习：，共13页。
【原文呈现】
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It was nce cmmn t regard Britain as a sciety with class distinctin. Each class had unique characteristics.
In recent years, many writers have begun t speak the 'decline f class' and 'classless sciety' in Britain. And in mdern day cnsumer sciety everyne is cnsidered t be middle class.
But prnuncing the death f class is t early. A recent wide-ranging sciety f public pinin fund 90 percent f peple still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part f British sciety; and 52 percent thught there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may nt be culturally and plitically bvius, yet it remains an imprtant part f British sciety. Britain seems t have a lve f stratificatin.
One unchanging aspect f a British persn's class psitin is accent. The wrds a persn speaks tell her r his class. A study f British accents during 1970s fund that a vice sunding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the mst attractive vice, Mst peple said this accent sunded 'educated' and 'sft'. The accents placed at the bttm in this study, n the ther hand, were reginal(地区的)city accents. These accents were seen as 'cmmn' and 'ugly'. Hwever, a similar study f British accents in the US turned these results upside dwn and placed sme reginal accents as the mst attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes twards accent have deep rts and are based n class prejudice.
In recent years, hwever, yung upper middle-class peple in Lndn, have begun t adpt sme reginal accents, in rder t hide their class rigins. This is an indicatin f class becming unnticed. Hwever, the 1995 pp sng 'Cmmn Peple' puts frward the view that thugh a middle-class persn may 'want t live like cmmn peple' they can never appreciate the reality f a wrking-class life.
【思维路径】
[核心内容]
本文是一篇议论文，全文共分五段。第一段主要讲在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分，每一阶级都有其独立的特征；第二段讲近几年来，许多作家认为英国已经渐渐转变成一个“阶级消亡”的社会；第三段主要讲英国对大众进行了一个调查，结果发现90％的人们任然把自己划分在一定的阶层中，73％的人认为阶级是英国社会一个必不可少的部分，因此说英国已面临“阶级消亡”还为时过早；第四段主要讲另一项调查，该调查时关于人们认为的好的口音，英国和美国的调查结果正好相反，也说明了英国阶级划分的根源非常深；第五段承接第四段进一步说明现在英国人对待口音的态度开始改变。
[写作思路]
(1)理清文章脉络、概括段落大意。这篇短文给我们讲述了在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分。作者在短文中给我们介绍了两项调查，通过调查的结果我们可以看到，英国社会里的阶级划分没有消失，它是英国社会重要的一部分。该文章第一段的主题句为It was nce cmmn t regard Britain as a sciety with class distinctin；第二段的主题句也是段落首句；第三段主题句为该段的首句But prnuncing the death f class is t early和结尾句Britain seems t have a lve f stratificatin；第四段的主题句是One unchanging aspect f a Britain persn’s class psitin is accent；第五段的主题句是This is an indicatin f class becming unnticed.
(2)审视文章布局，总结文章结构。这篇文章的主要构成是“两个观点，两个调查”，“两个观点”指的是一个旧观点，即文章所指人们普遍认同的观点Britain as a sciety with class distinctin(要点1)，第二个观点是新观点，是指近年来许多作家所提出的“decline f class”或者说“classless sciety”的观点(要点2)，作者为反驳这一个观点提出了英国社会所做的“两个调查”，分别是“a recent wide-ranging study”(要点3)的“A study f British accents”(要点4)，这两个调查的结果都证明了class remains an imprtant part f British sciety(要点5)，读时理清文章结构，有助于写时理清概要思路。
[参考范文]
British was cmmnly regarded as a class sciety. (要点1)Hwever, sme writers cmmented that class seemed t disappear in Britain nwadays. (要点2)This cnclusin was made t early because tw studies f public carried ut amng British peple prving that class was still a vital part in British sciety. (要点5) Class was rted in British peple’s minds thugh nt that deep as ld days (要点3)and it culd be seen frm peple’s attitudes tward accent.(要点4) (75 wrds)
[范文解析]
范文把要点1和要点2放在开头，用hwever进行衔接，与原文结构相同，然后把要点3和要点4总结成tw studies f public先在第三句提出，并且引出调查结果即英国社会仍然是一个等级社会，等级观念仍旧深入人心class was still a vital part in Britain sciety要点5，这样安排使得行文更加流畅自然，最后再具体提出两个调查的内容要点3和要点4，其中要点3是对文章第四第五段的高度概括。
[提炼归纳]
1. 重构主题句
概要既要表达文章中各段主题句的含义又不能原文照抄，因此学生需要在原文主题句的基础上对其进行重构，如范文中的第一句British was cmmnly regarded as a class sciety即是对原文中It was nce cmmn t regard Britain as a sciety with class distinctin的重构，在重构过程中需要用到词性转换，句式转换，同义词替换等技巧。
2. 重建支撑句
文章中的支撑句是对主题句的补充，同时也为主题句论点提供论证，概要当中应当点到支撑句或者支撑部分的内容，同时，信息要做到高度浓缩。如范文中Class was rted in British peple’s minds thugh nt that deep as ld days这一句既概括了第一个调查中的内容同时也点到了最后一段人们的等级观念的确在发生改变这一事实。
【写作演练】
1.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Cllege admissin seasn is upn us. With the ever-increasing cmpetitin amng cllege applicants, writing an effective and sincere cllege recmmendatin letter is ne way high schl teachers can help students stand ut amng the cmpetitin. Here are a few things I have learned hw t write a recmmendatin fr my students.
Try beginning yur letter with smething the persn tasked with screening hundreds f recmmendatin letters will remember. I like t start with an amusing stry that illustrates wh the student is and hw thers perceive them. Make sure t use the student’s full name fr the first reference and then just the first name after that. My favrite strategy is t end the paragraph with a single sentence that highlights the student’s strngest characteristics.
In the bdy f the letter, fcus n wh the student is rather than what the student has dne. What cllege reps want t knw is hw the student will fit int their envirnment. Give specific examples f hw the student achieved--did they vercme bstacles r tackle any challenges t reach their gals? I usually write tw shrt paragraphs fr the bdy. Smetimes the first relates character t academics, and the next relates character t extracurricular activities. Other times, I use the student’s characteristics as the main fcal pints.
Cnclude with a sincere statement f recmmendatin fr the student t the cllege f their chice. When sending the recmmendatin t a single cllege, use the cllege’s name in yur recmmendatin. Lastly, I return t using the student’s full name in my final reference t him in the letter.
My last statement encurages the cllege t cntact me with any further questins. I’ll be surely delighted t receive any f their inquiry, meaning my student is under their cnsideratin!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Shuld Yu Disinfect Yur Online Shpping?
Peple wh are self-islating are increasingly relying n grcery deliveries. This raises a new wrry: whether delivered gds carry the new crnavirus. Research suggests it can spread via particles in the air, but als via surfaces. Hw lng can the virus survive and hw can we prtect urselves?
COVID-19 is a respiratry(呼吸道的)illness and is largely transmitted via drps in the air frm cughing r sneezing, says Jhn Lednicky at the University f Flrida. The new virus has als been fund t persist n surfaces. A team led by Vincent Munster at the US Natinal Institute f persist n surfaces. A team led by Vincent Munster at the US Natinal Institute f Allergy and Infectius Diseases in Mntana fund it may survive n plastic and stainless steel fr up t 72 hurs.
But ther research suggests the crnaviruses that cause SARS and MERS can persist n metal, glass and plastic fr up t nine days. Research by the US Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin suggested that traces f the new crnavirus culd be n surfaces fr even lnger; its RNA was detected in cabins f peple wh had vacated the Diamnd Princess cruise ship 17 days earlier, including thse withut symptms.
This desn't necessarily mean these virus particles culd still infect ther peple, says Lednicky. Hw lng virus particles remain active depends n varius factrs. Thse cughed r sneezed ut may be cvered in a layer f mucus(黏液)that helps them survive lnger. Surface survival may als be affected by UV light, which can destry the ability f sme viruses t reinfect us. Heat and higher humidity can als inactivate viruses.
Is it wrth trying t disinfect yur shpping? Lednicky desn't think s. Mst husehld cleaning prducts wn't kill crnaviruses, he says. Even if yu use ne that des, yu're unlikely t be able t clean every nk and cranny f, fr example, a bunch f grapes. It is mre practical t practise scial distancing and gd persnal hygiene, he says.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Have yu ever been invlved in animal rescue? This is what happened t the Winter the dlphin. Winter was fund ff the cast f Flrida in December f 2005. She was just a few mnths ld, alne, and caught in a crab trap. The rpes frm the trap were wrapped tightly arund her bdy.
The fisherman wh fund her called fr help, and the rescue team sn arrived. The rpes had cut ff the bld circulatin t her tail. She was badly hurt. Her rescuers didn't think she wuld survive. Hping fr a miracle and racing against time t save her, the rescuers transferred her t the ClearwaterMarine Aquarium in Flrida.
The dctrs managed t save Winter, but sadly, nt her tail. He tail flukes were t damaged and had t be remved s Winter culd live.
The little dlphin Winter survived against all dds, but she wuld never be able t swim nrmally withut a tail. Thankfully the stry desn't end here. Winter was able t swim, but nt very well. Because she didn't have a tail. She mved her bdy in a side-t-side mtin like a shark. But dctrs at the aquarium were wrried that uncnventinal mment wuld hurt her spine.
Kevin Carrll heard Winter's stry and fr thught, he wuld culd help. He is a specialist wh designs and prvides prstheses fr peple. If he culd help peple, why nt help a dlphin? He started wrking with Winter and came up with a slutin fr the new fluke and tail sectin
Kevin designed a stretchy sleeve t fit winter's bdy and prtect her skin. Then a tail made f silicne and plastic was made t tightly fit ver the sleeve. Nw winter can swim like ther dlphins. And she is a great inspiratin t peple wh struggle with their wn injuries.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
This is a stry abut a bk that just kept selling, catching publishers, bksellers and even its authr ff guard. The bk is Sapiens, by the Israeli academic Yuval Nah Harari, published in the UK in September 2014.It is a recndite(深奥的) wrk f evlutinary histry charting the develpment f humankind thrugh a schlarly examinatin f ur ability t cperate as a species.
Sapiens sld well n publicatin, particularly when it came ut in paperback in the summer f 2015.What is remarkable abut it, thugh, is that it's still selling in vast numbers. Sapiens has sld a further half millin cpies, establishing itself firmly at the tp f the bestseller lists. The bk's wild success is symptmatic f a brader trend in ur bk-buying habits: a surge in the ppularity f intelligent, challenging nnfictin, ften bks that are several years ld.
It was trade publicatin, the Bksellers, that first nted the rise f what is called the “brainy backlist”, it als highlighted a cncmitant fall in the sales f the bks that had been such a staple f publishers' catalgues-celebrity bigraphies. We are turning away frm exciting but dispsable stries f fame twards mre serius, thughtful, quiet bks that help us understand ur place in the wrld. Mark Richards, publisher at Jhn Murray Prese, see the return t serius wrks f nnfictin as a respnse t the spirit f the age, “Peple have a hunger bth fr infrmatin and facts, and fr nuanced(有细微差别的) explratin f issues, f a srt that bks are in a prime psitin t prvide.” he says.
In the end, the stry f Sapiens is abut a bk becming part f a natinal cnversatin. At a time when plitics is mre furius and fragmented than ever, when technlgy is clnizing ur everyday existence.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Thrughut histry, music spread amng peple f different cultures. In tday's technlgic advanced sciety, hwever, peple spread music nline, smetimes withut an artist's permissin. This can lead t many prblems, and music cmpanies are nw dealing with this practice. Sharing music nline withut permissin is theft (盗窃).
Sharing music nline prevents recrding cmpanies frm making mney frm their effrts. They say that sharing music nline has led t a huge drp in prfits and sales ver the past 10 years. Peple wh find music fr free nline are nt paying fr CDs r every MP3 dwnladed. T truly understand the influence f music piracy (盗版) n creatrs, we must understand hw many peple are invlved in the recrding prcess. Fr the sale f each album, prfits must be shared between musicians, sund engineers, music prducers, managers, advertisers, and the cmpany selling the prduct. Many peple believe sharing music nly affects the recrding artist, but the reality is that sharing hurts business fr all cmpanies invlved.
There are many peple wh dn't see the harm in sharing music nline and even think they have the right t d it. One nline blgger states that he riginally paid fr an entire CD and that he shuld be able t d with the material whatever he wants. While he may have legally paid fr the music, he des nt have the right t prvide permissin, which means peple like the blgger are thieves.
Althugh we dn't spread tday's music the same way we did befre, there's n dubt that peple arund the wrd lve t share music. Hwever, Internet piracy wuld prevent musicians frm cntinuing prducing albums fr fear f theft. Therefre, if peple want t cntinue listening t their favrite artists, they need t buy their music s that artists will make enugh prfits t cntinue their music careers.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
1.【参考答案】
High schl teachers shuld knw hw t write cllege recmmendatins fr students. First, a unique beginning such as a stry can attract prfessin’s eye. Secnd, using examples t demnstrate hw the student achieved his aims fr the bdy part is essential. Finally, a cnclusin includes bth cllege’s name and student’s full name, necessary fr encuraging the cllege t ask questins.
【解析】
本篇书面表达是概要写作，概括高中老师对如何写好学生推荐信给出三点建议，包括一个独特的开始，具体事例以及一个包括学院名称和学生全名的结论，注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。
1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。本文重点要涵盖高中老师对如何写好学生推荐信的三点建议。
2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。建议内容包括一个独特的开始，具体事例以及一个包括学院名称和学生全名的结论。
3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。
4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。
2.【参考答案】
During the crnavirus utbreak, many peple wnder if they shuld disinfect grcery deliveries. Research indicates that COVID-19 is mainly spread thrugh air particles. Even thugh the crnavirus may survive lng n surfaces, many factrs including UV light and heat can affect its survival. Killing the virus with husehld prducts is als impractical, s disinfecting deliveries is nt advisable
【解析】
这是一篇概要写作。
全文共五个自然段。第一段通过引用现象：自我隔离的人越来越依赖于食品杂货外卖。提出担忧问题：货物是否携带新冠状病毒？进而根据研究：病毒可以通过空气中的微粒传播，也可以通过表面传播。提出问题： 病毒能存活多久？我们如何保护自己？
第二段主要介绍了对新冠病毒的传播途径研究及其在存活期限；第三段介绍了对新冠病毒的在其他物品诸如金属、玻璃和塑料上存活期限的研究；第四段谈到了Lednicky对新冠病毒的研究发现：病毒颗粒的活跃时间取决于紫外线、高温和湿度等因素。第五段继续谈Lednicky对家用物品是否要消毒提出自己的观点：保证社交距离和良好的个人卫生更有效。
据此，可以对文章分为三个部分：第一部分(第1自然段)，主要介绍人们对是否要对外卖食品消毒的担忧；第二部分(第2、 3自然段)从不同角度介绍对新冠病毒的传播及其存活期限的研究结论。第三部分(第4、 5自然段)阐述了Lednicky谈论自己对影响新冠病毒活性及对家用物品是否要消毒，提出个人观点。总结时候要包含三部分的内容。
3.【参考答案】
It is abut an inspiring rescuing a dlphin Winter fund trapped in rpes by a fisherman. Badly injured, she had t be transferred t an aquarium where dctrs saved her but her damaged tail was remved. Luckily, a specialist Kevin designed an artificial tail fr her, helping her swim nrmally again.
【解析】
这是一篇概要写作类作文。
第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇记叙文。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词(组)，如：inspiring (鼓舞人心的)，transfer(转移)，Badly injured(严重受伤)，an artificial tail(人造尾巴)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【范文点评】
范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Badly injured, she had t be transferred t an aquarium where dctrs saved her but her damaged tail was remved. 运用了定语从句；非谓语动词的运用Luckily, a specialist Kevin designed an artificial tail fr her, helping her swim nrmally again.。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
4.【参考答案】
Hm Sapiens is a bk written by Yuval Nah Harari n the evlutinary histry f human develpment. This bk is especially ppular and heralds the new trend f reading. We are turning away frm exciting but dispsable stries f fame twards mre serius, thughtful, quiet bks that help us understand ur place in the wrld.
【解析】
这是一篇概要写作。
写作步骤
1)细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章主要介绍了《智人》是Yuval Nah Harari写的关于人类发展的进化史的书。这本书特别受欢迎，预示着阅读的新趋势。我们正在从那些激动人心但可以随意使用的名人故事转向更严肃、有思想、安静的书籍，这些书籍帮助我们了解自己在世界上的位置。
2)弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。
3)列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
5.【参考答案】
Sharing music nline withut permissin is in fact a theft, which can cause many prblems. It mainly affect the recrding cmpanies, preventing them frm making mney frm their effrts. Hwever, many peple dn’t see the bad effects, and sme f them even think they have the right t d that. S, t cntinue listening t their favrite artists, peple need t buy their music s that artists will make enugh prfits t cntinue their music careers.
【解析】
本篇书面表达考查概要写作。
概要写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句。
第一段的段落大意是：未经许可在网上共享音乐是一种盗窃行为，会导致很多问题。
第二段的第一句是该段中心句：该句了未经许可在网上共享音乐的害处：在网上分享音乐阻止了唱片公司从他们的努力中赚钱。共享音乐会损害所有相关公司的业务。
第三段的第一句是该段中心句：有许多人没有看到网上分享音乐的危害，甚至认为他们有权利这样做。
最后一段主要提出建议：如果人们想要继续听他们最喜欢的艺术家的音乐，他们需要购买他们的音乐，这样艺术家才能获得足够的利润来继续他们的音乐事业。
在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，就可以写出很好的概要。
【高分句型1】
Sharing music nline withut permissin mainly affect the recrding cmpanies, which prevents them frm making mney frm their effrts. 未经允许在网上分享音乐主要影响唱片公司，这使他们无法从自己的努力中赚钱。本句使用了短语prevent…frm…“阻止……做某事”，同时使用了非限制性定语从句。
【高分句型2】
It is illegal t share music nline withut permissin, which can cause many prblems. 未经允许在网上分享音乐是非法的，这可能会导致很多问题。本句使用了it作形式主语，代指后面的t share music nline withut permissin。另外，还使用了非限制性定语从句。
【原文呈现】
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It was nce cmmn t regard Britain as a sciety with class distinctin. Each class had unique characteristics.
In recent years, many writers have begun t speak the 'decline f class' and 'classless sciety' in Britain. And in mdern day cnsumer sciety everyne is cnsidered t be middle class.
But prnuncing the death f class is t early. A recent wide-ranging sciety f public pinin fund 90 percent f peple still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part f British sciety; and 52 percent thught there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may nt be culturally and plitically bvius, yet it remains an imprtant part f British sciety. Britain seems t have a lve f stratificatin.
One unchanging aspect f a British persn's class psitin is accent. The wrds a persn speaks tell her r his class. A study f British accents during 1970s fund that a vice sunding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the mst attractive vice, Mst peple said this accent sunded 'educated' and 'sft'. The accents placed at the bttm in this study, n the ther hand, were reginal(地区的)city accents. These accents were seen as 'cmmn' and 'ugly'. Hwever, a similar study f British accents in the US turned these results upside dwn and placed sme reginal accents as the mst attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes twards accent have deep rts and are based n class prejudice.
In recent years, hwever, yung upper middle-class peple in Lndn, have begun t adpt sme reginal accents, in rder t hide their class rigins. This is an indicatin f class becming unnticed. Hwever, the 1995 pp sng 'Cmmn Peple' puts frward the view that thugh a middle-class persn may 'want t live like cmmn peple' they can never appreciate the reality f a wrking-class life.
【思维路径】
[核心内容]
本文是一篇议论文，全文共分五段。第一段主要讲在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分，每一阶级都有其独立的特征；第二段讲近几年来，许多作家认为英国已经渐渐转变成一个“阶级消亡”的社会；第三段主要讲英国对大众进行了一个调查，结果发现90％的人们任然把自己划分在一定的阶层中，73％的人认为阶级是英国社会一个必不可少的部分，因此说英国已面临“阶级消亡”还为时过早；第四段主要讲另一项调查，该调查时关于人们认为的好的口音，英国和美国的调查结果正好相反，也说明了英国阶级划分的根源非常深；第五段承接第四段进一步说明现在英国人对待口音的态度开始改变。
[写作思路]
(1)理清文章脉络、概括段落大意。这篇短文给我们讲述了在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分。作者在短文中给我们介绍了两项调查，通过调查的结果我们可以看到，英国社会里的阶级划分没有消失，它是英国社会重要的一部分。该文章第一段的主题句为It was nce cmmn t regard Britain as a sciety with class distinctin；第二段的主题句也是段落首句；第三段主题句为该段的首句But prnuncing the death f class is t early和结尾句Britain seems t have a lve f stratificatin；第四段的主题句是One unchanging aspect f a Britain persn’s class psitin is accent；第五段的主题句是This is an indicatin f class becming unnticed.
(2)审视文章布局，总结文章结构。这篇文章的主要构成是“两个观点，两个调查”，“两个观点”指的是一个旧观点，即文章所指人们普遍认同的观点Britain as a sciety with class distinctin(要点1)，第二个观点是新观点，是指近年来许多作家所提出的“decline f class”或者说“classless sciety”的观点(要点2)，作者为反驳这一个观点提出了英国社会所做的“两个调查”，分别是“a recent wide-ranging study”(要点3)的“A study f British accents”(要点4)，这两个调查的结果都证明了class remains an imprtant part f British sciety(要点5)，读时理清文章结构，有助于写时理清概要思路。
[参考范文]
British was cmmnly regarded as a class sciety. (要点1)Hwever, sme writers cmmented that class seemed t disappear in Britain nwadays. (要点2)This cnclusin was made t early because tw studies f public carried ut amng British peple prving that class was still a vital part in British sciety. (要点5) Class was rted in British peple’s minds thugh nt that deep as ld days (要点3)and it culd be seen frm peple’s attitudes tward accent.(要点4) (75 wrds)
[范文解析]
范文把要点1和要点2放在开头，用hwever进行衔接，与原文结构相同，然后把要点3和要点4总结成tw studies f public先在第三句提出，并且引出调查结果即英国社会仍然是一个等级社会，等级观念仍旧深入人心class was still a vital part in Britain sciety要点5，这样安排使得行文更加流畅自然，最后再具体提出两个调查的内容要点3和要点4，其中要点3是对文章第四第五段的高度概括。
[提炼归纳]
1. 重构主题句
概要既要表达文章中各段主题句的含义又不能原文照抄，因此学生需要在原文主题句的基础上对其进行重构，如范文中的第一句British was cmmnly regarded as a class sciety即是对原文中It was nce cmmn t regard Britain as a sciety with class distinctin的重构，在重构过程中需要用到词性转换，句式转换，同义词替换等技巧。
2. 重建支撑句
文章中的支撑句是对主题句的补充，同时也为主题句论点提供论证，概要当中应当点到支撑句或者支撑部分的内容，同时，信息要做到高度浓缩。如范文中Class was rted in British peple’s minds thugh nt that deep as ld days这一句既概括了第一个调查中的内容同时也点到了最后一段人们的等级观念的确在发生改变这一事实。
【写作演练】
1.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Cllege admissin seasn is upn us. With the ever-increasing cmpetitin amng cllege applicants, writing an effective and sincere cllege recmmendatin letter is ne way high schl teachers can help students stand ut amng the cmpetitin. Here are a few things I have learned hw t write a recmmendatin fr my students.
Try beginning yur letter with smething the persn tasked with screening hundreds f recmmendatin letters will remember. I like t start with an amusing stry that illustrates wh the student is and hw thers perceive them. Make sure t use the student’s full name fr the first reference and then just the first name after that. My favrite strategy is t end the paragraph with a single sentence that highlights the student’s strngest characteristics.
In the bdy f the letter, fcus n wh the student is rather than what the student has dne. What cllege reps want t knw is hw the student will fit int their envirnment. Give specific examples f hw the student achieved--did they vercme bstacles r tackle any challenges t reach their gals? I usually write tw shrt paragraphs fr the bdy. Smetimes the first relates character t academics, and the next relates character t extracurricular activities. Other times, I use the student’s characteristics as the main fcal pints.
Cnclude with a sincere statement f recmmendatin fr the student t the cllege f their chice. When sending the recmmendatin t a single cllege, use the cllege’s name in yur recmmendatin. Lastly, I return t using the student’s full name in my final reference t him in the letter.
My last statement encurages the cllege t cntact me with any further questins. I’ll be surely delighted t receive any f their inquiry, meaning my student is under their cnsideratin!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Shuld Yu Disinfect Yur Online Shpping?
Peple wh are self-islating are increasingly relying n grcery deliveries. This raises a new wrry: whether delivered gds carry the new crnavirus. Research suggests it can spread via particles in the air, but als via surfaces. Hw lng can the virus survive and hw can we prtect urselves?
COVID-19 is a respiratry(呼吸道的)illness and is largely transmitted via drps in the air frm cughing r sneezing, says Jhn Lednicky at the University f Flrida. The new virus has als been fund t persist n surfaces. A team led by Vincent Munster at the US Natinal Institute f persist n surfaces. A team led by Vincent Munster at the US Natinal Institute f Allergy and Infectius Diseases in Mntana fund it may survive n plastic and stainless steel fr up t 72 hurs.
But ther research suggests the crnaviruses that cause SARS and MERS can persist n metal, glass and plastic fr up t nine days. Research by the US Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin suggested that traces f the new crnavirus culd be n surfaces fr even lnger; its RNA was detected in cabins f peple wh had vacated the Diamnd Princess cruise ship 17 days earlier, including thse withut symptms.
This desn't necessarily mean these virus particles culd still infect ther peple, says Lednicky. Hw lng virus particles remain active depends n varius factrs. Thse cughed r sneezed ut may be cvered in a layer f mucus(黏液)that helps them survive lnger. Surface survival may als be affected by UV light, which can destry the ability f sme viruses t reinfect us. Heat and higher humidity can als inactivate viruses.
Is it wrth trying t disinfect yur shpping? Lednicky desn't think s. Mst husehld cleaning prducts wn't kill crnaviruses, he says. Even if yu use ne that des, yu're unlikely t be able t clean every nk and cranny f, fr example, a bunch f grapes. It is mre practical t practise scial distancing and gd persnal hygiene, he says.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Have yu ever been invlved in animal rescue? This is what happened t the Winter the dlphin. Winter was fund ff the cast f Flrida in December f 2005. She was just a few mnths ld, alne, and caught in a crab trap. The rpes frm the trap were wrapped tightly arund her bdy.
The fisherman wh fund her called fr help, and the rescue team sn arrived. The rpes had cut ff the bld circulatin t her tail. She was badly hurt. Her rescuers didn't think she wuld survive. Hping fr a miracle and racing against time t save her, the rescuers transferred her t the ClearwaterMarine Aquarium in Flrida.
The dctrs managed t save Winter, but sadly, nt her tail. He tail flukes were t damaged and had t be remved s Winter culd live.
The little dlphin Winter survived against all dds, but she wuld never be able t swim nrmally withut a tail. Thankfully the stry desn't end here. Winter was able t swim, but nt very well. Because she didn't have a tail. She mved her bdy in a side-t-side mtin like a shark. But dctrs at the aquarium were wrried that uncnventinal mment wuld hurt her spine.
Kevin Carrll heard Winter's stry and fr thught, he wuld culd help. He is a specialist wh designs and prvides prstheses fr peple. If he culd help peple, why nt help a dlphin? He started wrking with Winter and came up with a slutin fr the new fluke and tail sectin
Kevin designed a stretchy sleeve t fit winter's bdy and prtect her skin. Then a tail made f silicne and plastic was made t tightly fit ver the sleeve. Nw winter can swim like ther dlphins. And she is a great inspiratin t peple wh struggle with their wn injuries.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
This is a stry abut a bk that just kept selling, catching publishers, bksellers and even its authr ff guard. The bk is Sapiens, by the Israeli academic Yuval Nah Harari, published in the UK in September 2014.It is a recndite(深奥的) wrk f evlutinary histry charting the develpment f humankind thrugh a schlarly examinatin f ur ability t cperate as a species.
Sapiens sld well n publicatin, particularly when it came ut in paperback in the summer f 2015.What is remarkable abut it, thugh, is that it's still selling in vast numbers. Sapiens has sld a further half millin cpies, establishing itself firmly at the tp f the bestseller lists. The bk's wild success is symptmatic f a brader trend in ur bk-buying habits: a surge in the ppularity f intelligent, challenging nnfictin, ften bks that are several years ld.
It was trade publicatin, the Bksellers, that first nted the rise f what is called the “brainy backlist”, it als highlighted a cncmitant fall in the sales f the bks that had been such a staple f publishers' catalgues-celebrity bigraphies. We are turning away frm exciting but dispsable stries f fame twards mre serius, thughtful, quiet bks that help us understand ur place in the wrld. Mark Richards, publisher at Jhn Murray Prese, see the return t serius wrks f nnfictin as a respnse t the spirit f the age, “Peple have a hunger bth fr infrmatin and facts, and fr nuanced(有细微差别的) explratin f issues, f a srt that bks are in a prime psitin t prvide.” he says.
In the end, the stry f Sapiens is abut a bk becming part f a natinal cnversatin. At a time when plitics is mre furius and fragmented than ever, when technlgy is clnizing ur everyday existence.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Thrughut histry, music spread amng peple f different cultures. In tday's technlgic advanced sciety, hwever, peple spread music nline, smetimes withut an artist's permissin. This can lead t many prblems, and music cmpanies are nw dealing with this practice. Sharing music nline withut permissin is theft (盗窃).
Sharing music nline prevents recrding cmpanies frm making mney frm their effrts. They say that sharing music nline has led t a huge drp in prfits and sales ver the past 10 years. Peple wh find music fr free nline are nt paying fr CDs r every MP3 dwnladed. T truly understand the influence f music piracy (盗版) n creatrs, we must understand hw many peple are invlved in the recrding prcess. Fr the sale f each album, prfits must be shared between musicians, sund engineers, music prducers, managers, advertisers, and the cmpany selling the prduct. Many peple believe sharing music nly affects the recrding artist, but the reality is that sharing hurts business fr all cmpanies invlved.
There are many peple wh dn't see the harm in sharing music nline and even think they have the right t d it. One nline blgger states that he riginally paid fr an entire CD and that he shuld be able t d with the material whatever he wants. While he may have legally paid fr the music, he des nt have the right t prvide permissin, which means peple like the blgger are thieves.
Althugh we dn't spread tday's music the same way we did befre, there's n dubt that peple arund the wrd lve t share music. Hwever, Internet piracy wuld prevent musicians frm cntinuing prducing albums fr fear f theft. Therefre, if peple want t cntinue listening t their favrite artists, they need t buy their music s that artists will make enugh prfits t cntinue their music careers.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
1.【参考答案】
High schl teachers shuld knw hw t write cllege recmmendatins fr students. First, a unique beginning such as a stry can attract prfessin’s eye. Secnd, using examples t demnstrate hw the student achieved his aims fr the bdy part is essential. Finally, a cnclusin includes bth cllege’s name and student’s full name, necessary fr encuraging the cllege t ask questins.
【解析】
本篇书面表达是概要写作，概括高中老师对如何写好学生推荐信给出三点建议，包括一个独特的开始，具体事例以及一个包括学院名称和学生全名的结论，注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。
1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。本文重点要涵盖高中老师对如何写好学生推荐信的三点建议。
2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。建议内容包括一个独特的开始，具体事例以及一个包括学院名称和学生全名的结论。
3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。
4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。
2.【参考答案】
During the crnavirus utbreak, many peple wnder if they shuld disinfect grcery deliveries. Research indicates that COVID-19 is mainly spread thrugh air particles. Even thugh the crnavirus may survive lng n surfaces, many factrs including UV light and heat can affect its survival. Killing the virus with husehld prducts is als impractical, s disinfecting deliveries is nt advisable
【解析】
这是一篇概要写作。
全文共五个自然段。第一段通过引用现象：自我隔离的人越来越依赖于食品杂货外卖。提出担忧问题：货物是否携带新冠状病毒？进而根据研究：病毒可以通过空气中的微粒传播，也可以通过表面传播。提出问题： 病毒能存活多久？我们如何保护自己？
第二段主要介绍了对新冠病毒的传播途径研究及其在存活期限；第三段介绍了对新冠病毒的在其他物品诸如金属、玻璃和塑料上存活期限的研究；第四段谈到了Lednicky对新冠病毒的研究发现：病毒颗粒的活跃时间取决于紫外线、高温和湿度等因素。第五段继续谈Lednicky对家用物品是否要消毒提出自己的观点：保证社交距离和良好的个人卫生更有效。
据此，可以对文章分为三个部分：第一部分(第1自然段)，主要介绍人们对是否要对外卖食品消毒的担忧；第二部分(第2、 3自然段)从不同角度介绍对新冠病毒的传播及其存活期限的研究结论。第三部分(第4、 5自然段)阐述了Lednicky谈论自己对影响新冠病毒活性及对家用物品是否要消毒，提出个人观点。总结时候要包含三部分的内容。
3.【参考答案】
It is abut an inspiring rescuing a dlphin Winter fund trapped in rpes by a fisherman. Badly injured, she had t be transferred t an aquarium where dctrs saved her but her damaged tail was remved. Luckily, a specialist Kevin designed an artificial tail fr her, helping her swim nrmally again.
【解析】
这是一篇概要写作类作文。
第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇记叙文。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词(组)，如：inspiring (鼓舞人心的)，transfer(转移)，Badly injured(严重受伤)，an artificial tail(人造尾巴)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【范文点评】
范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Badly injured, she had t be transferred t an aquarium where dctrs saved her but her damaged tail was remved. 运用了定语从句；非谓语动词的运用Luckily, a specialist Kevin designed an artificial tail fr her, helping her swim nrmally again.。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
4.【参考答案】
Hm Sapiens is a bk written by Yuval Nah Harari n the evlutinary histry f human develpment. This bk is especially ppular and heralds the new trend f reading. We are turning away frm exciting but dispsable stries f fame twards mre serius, thughtful, quiet bks that help us understand ur place in the wrld.
【解析】
这是一篇概要写作。
写作步骤
1)细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章主要介绍了《智人》是Yuval Nah Harari写的关于人类发展的进化史的书。这本书特别受欢迎，预示着阅读的新趋势。我们正在从那些激动人心但可以随意使用的名人故事转向更严肃、有思想、安静的书籍，这些书籍帮助我们了解自己在世界上的位置。
2)弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。
3)列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
5.【参考答案】
Sharing music nline withut permissin is in fact a theft, which can cause many prblems. It mainly affect the recrding cmpanies, preventing them frm making mney frm their effrts. Hwever, many peple dn’t see the bad effects, and sme f them even think they have the right t d that. S, t cntinue listening t their favrite artists, peple need t buy their music s that artists will make enugh prfits t cntinue their music careers.
【解析】
本篇书面表达考查概要写作。
概要写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句。
第一段的段落大意是：未经许可在网上共享音乐是一种盗窃行为，会导致很多问题。
第二段的第一句是该段中心句：该句了未经许可在网上共享音乐的害处：在网上分享音乐阻止了唱片公司从他们的努力中赚钱。共享音乐会损害所有相关公司的业务。
第三段的第一句是该段中心句：有许多人没有看到网上分享音乐的危害，甚至认为他们有权利这样做。
最后一段主要提出建议：如果人们想要继续听他们最喜欢的艺术家的音乐，他们需要购买他们的音乐，这样艺术家才能获得足够的利润来继续他们的音乐事业。
在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，就可以写出很好的概要。
【高分句型1】
Sharing music nline withut permissin mainly affect the recrding cmpanies, which prevents them frm making mney frm their effrts. 未经允许在网上分享音乐主要影响唱片公司，这使他们无法从自己的努力中赚钱。本句使用了短语prevent…frm…“阻止……做某事”，同时使用了非限制性定语从句。
【高分句型2】
It is illegal t share music nline withut permissin, which can cause many prblems. 未经允许在网上分享音乐是非法的，这可能会导致很多问题。本句使用了it作形式主语，代指后面的t share music nline withut permissin。另外，还使用了非限制性定语从句。
相关试卷
新高考英语复习：训练10 概要写作示例与写作训练5新高考英语复习：： 这是一份新高考英语复习：训练10 概要写作示例与写作训练5新高考英语复习：，共14页。
新高考英语复习：训练19 概要写作示例与写作训练09新高考英语复习：： 这是一份新高考英语复习：训练19 概要写作示例与写作训练09新高考英语复习：，共13页。
新高考英语复习：训练18 概要写作示例与写作训练08新高考英语复习：： 这是一份新高考英语复习：训练18 概要写作示例与写作训练08新高考英语复习：，共13页。
