2024年中考英语语法之形容词和副词的比较级和最高级讲解+练习题
展开这是一份2024年中考英语语法之形容词和副词的比较级和最高级讲解+练习题,共10页。试卷主要包含了用法讲解等内容,欢迎下载使用。
例如:
He is much taller than I. 他比我要高得多。
I jump a little higher than he. 我跳得比他高一点点。
Lndn is the biggest city in Britain. 伦敦是英国最大的城市。
She sings the best in Class Tw. 二班她唱歌最好。
二、用法讲解
1. 形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则
(1)规则变化的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级
一般在词尾直接加er或est。
例如:tall-taller-tallest,lng-lnger-lngest
以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st。
例如:nice-nicer-nicest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est。
例如:heavy-heavier-heaviest
重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est。
例如:big-bigger-biggest
部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加mre构成比较级和mst构成最高级。
例如:slwly-mre slwly-mst slwly;beautiful-mre beautiful-mst beautiful
(2)不规则变化的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级
原级 比较级 最高级
gd/well better best
bad/ill/badlywrse wrst
many/much mre mst
little less least
far farther farthest
further furthest
ld lder ldest
elder eldest
2. 比较级和最高级句型:
(1)形容词及副词比较级的句型:
1)比较级+than...:……比……较为……。即:“A +动词+形容词或副词比较级+than+B”。两者相比较,A比B更……一些。例如:
His brther is yunger than I(me). 他弟弟比我年轻。
Beijing is mre beautiful than Wuhan. 北京比武汉更漂亮。
【注意】
在比较级前有时可加一些修饰语,如much, a lt, a little, still, even等以示强调或加强语气。例如:
This bx is a little heavier than yurs.
这个箱子比你的要稍重一些。
This mvie is much mre interesting than that ne.
这部影片比那部有趣得多。
2) as... as:……和……相同。即:A+动词+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B,表示A和B两者比较,程度相同,“……和……相同”。例如:
My uncle is as tall as yur father. 我叔叔和你父亲一样高。
My dg is as ld as that ne. 我的狗与那个狗一样大。
3) A+nt+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B 表示A,B两者程度不同,即“A不如B那么……”。例如:
My uncle is nt as tall as yur father. 我叔叔不如你父亲高。
Tm is nt as hnest as Jhn. 汤姆不如约翰诚实。
He can’t run as /s fast as yu. 他没你跑得快。
4)“比较级+ and+比较级”或“mre and mre + 原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”意为“越来越……”。例如:
Our city is mre and mre beautiful. 我们的城市越来越美丽了。
Mre and mre cuntries begin t save the financial crisis.
越来越多的国家开始拯救金融危机。
5)“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”意为“越……就越……”。例如:
The mre yu read, the mre yu knw.
你书读得越多,你知道得就越多。
(2)形容词及副词最较级的句型:
1)…ne f the +最高级+名词复数,意为“……之一”。例如:
Lu Xun is ne f the greatest writers last century.
鲁迅是上世纪最伟大的作家之一。
2)…最高级+f (in/amng)…,意为“……之中,最……”。例如:
Of all the mvie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best.
在所有的电影明星之中,我认为章子怡是最好的。
3) This is / was + 最高级+名词+that定语从句,意为“这是最……”。例如:
This is the wrst film that I have seen these years.
这是我这些年来看过的最不好的一部电影。
3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级需要注意点:
(1)当比较级后面有f the tw…之类的词语时,比较级前要加定冠词the。例如:
Lucy is the taller f the twins.
Lucy是双胞胎中比较高的那个。
(2)如果后面接名词时,much mre + 不可数名词,many mre + 可数名词复数。例如:
The farmers have prduced much mre rice.
这些农夫收了更多的稻谷。
(3)ld的比较级形式有lder和elder。elder只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。例如:
My elder brther is a famus artist. 我哥哥是一名有名的艺术家。
(4)far的比较级形式有farther和further。一般farther表示距离,而further表示更进一步。例如:
I have nthing further t say. 我没有什么要说的了。
(5) 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,但如果最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,则不用定冠词。例如:
My ldest daughter is 16 years ld. 我最大的女儿16岁。
(6) 形容词最高级常与由介词in或f引导的表示范围的短语连用。若介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一事物时,则用f短语;当只说明是在某一空间、时间范围内的比较时,则用in短语。例如:
This apple is the biggest f all. 在所有的苹果中,这个苹果最大。
He is the yungest in his class. 他在他班里年龄最小。
(7) 形容词最高级前可用序数词限定,共同修饰后面的名词,其结构为:the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词。例如:
Hainan is the secnd largest island inChina. 海南是中国的第二大岛。
(8) 形容词最高级的意义还可以用比较级形式表达。常见的有:
1)形容词比较级+than any ther+单数名词。例如:
This bk is mre difficult than any ther bk here.
= This bk is the mst difficult bk f all.
这些书当中这本最难。
2) 形容词比较级+than the ther+复数名词。例如:
Asia is bigger than the ther cntinents n the earth.
亚洲是地球上最大的洲。
(9) 形容词最高级前若有不定冠词a,这时,它不表示比较,而表示“非常”的意思。例如:
Spring is a best seasn. 春天是一个非常好的季节。
形容词和副词比较级和最高级的练习
1.D yu think he is ________ height (身高) ________Tm?
A.the same; asB.same; asC.same; likeD.the same; like
2.Hiking isn’t ________ cycling, but bth f them are interesting.
A.as excited asB.s exciting asC.as mre exciting asD.as mre excited as
3.—Hw much are yur new shes?
—Oh, this pair? They are ______ a 79 yuan eyebrw pencil, nly 68 yuan.
A.as many asB.nt as much as
C.mre expensive thanD.s much as
4.With the help f 5G technlgy, the apps n the smart phne can prvide ________ functins fr the users than befre.
A.manyB.mreC.mstD.fewer
5.Please try yur best t finish the wrk with ________ mney and ________ peple.
A.fewer; lessB.less; fewerC.less; mre
6.My sister is _________ fatter than I.
A.gdB.muchC.littleD.very
7.I’m quiet, but my friend is ________ than me.
A.mre quieterB.much quieterC.a lt quietD.very quieter
8.The Yellw River with the length f 5464 km is the secnd ________ river in China.
A.lngB.lngerC.lngest
9.—D yu like ________ TV prgram Sing! China?
—Yes. I think it is ________ mst interesting TV prgram.
A.the; anB.the; theC.a; anD.a; the
10.Grace came t the ________, darkest part f the frest. She felt t afraid.
A.deeperB.cleanerC.deepestD.cleanest
11.Wangfujing Street is ne f ________ streets in Beijing. Let’s g shpping there.
A.famusB.mre famusC.mst famusD.the mst famus
12.—Lk. Helen writes very beautifully.
—Yes, in ur class nbdy can write _______ than her.
A.gdB.wellC.betterD.best
13.At last, he began t cry ________.
A.hard and hardB.mre hard and mre hard
C.the harder and the harderD.harder and harder
14.With the teacher’s help, Jim des ________ in speaking English.
A.gd and badB.well and badC.better and better
15.Auturmn came and the ant wrked _______.
A.hard and hardB.harder and harder
C.hard and harderD.mre and mre hard
16.The ________ yu d the exercises, the ________ mistakes yu will make.
A.carefully;mreB.carelessly;mre
C.mre carelessly;fewerD.mre carefully;fewer
17.________ yu dive int the water, ________ yu breathe.
A.Deeper; harderB.The deeper; the harderC.The deep; the hardD.Deep; hard
18.Check it again. ________ yu write, ________ mistakes yu’ll make.
A.The mre careful, the lessB.The mre carefully, the fewer
C.The mre careful, the fewerD.The mre carefully, the less
19.He lives ________ frm schl in ur class.
A.farB.fartherC.the fartherD.the farthest
20.—Wh ran ________ f all in wmen’s 100m race in the 19th Asian Games Hangzhu.
—Ge Manqi did, she gt the gld medal.
A.the wrstB.the slwestC.the fastest
21.—Wh des hmewrk _________, Tm, Jack r Bill?
—Bill. He always lks it ver after finishing it.
A.carefullyB.mre carefullyC.the mst carefully
22.Of all the students in my class, David wrks ________. He always gets gd grades.
A.harderB.hardestC.wrseD.wrst
23.She wrks ________ in her schl.
A.the mst carefulB.the mst carefullyC.careful
24.—Did Kate d best in the test?
—N, but f all the students, she did ______.
A.the mst carefulB.mre carefulC.the mst carefullyD.mre carefully
25.—Wh des hmewrk ________ Tm, Jack r Bill?
—Bill. He always lks it ver after finishing it.
A.carefullyB.mre carefullyC.less carefullyD.the mst carefully
26.Our English teacher is as (kind) as an ld friend. We all like her.
27.—Cme n, Jhn. Yu still have lts f wrk t d!
—Never mind. I can finish that much (easily) than yu think befre 8 p.m.
28.Of all the teachers, Ms Smith lives (远地)frm ur schl.
答案:
1.A
2.B
3.B
4.B
5.B
6.B
7.B
8.C
9.B
10.C
11.D
12.C
13.D
14.C
15.B
16.D
17.B
18.B
19.D
20.C
21.C
22.B
23.B
24.C
25.D
26.kind
27.mre easily
28.farthest/the farthest
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