高中英语2024届高考复习谓语类型知识讲解系列0117（共两种类型）

这是一份高中英语2024届高考复习谓语类型知识讲解系列0117（共两种类型），共4页。学案主要包含了S+FV+N+I等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.约有140个宾补动词（表示“愿望”或“命令”）可以用任何不定式（包括t be）作补语。这种句型通常表示“主语+希望或请求+名词+作某事或成为什么”：
They wanted him t teach their sn, everybdy t be saint.
他们想让他教他们的儿子，每个人都成为圣人。
He asked her t (please) pen the dr.
他请她把门打开。
She ntified us t mve ut.
她通知我们搬出去。
They caused everybdy t kneel dwn, their men t destry the bridge, prvisins t be ready, the rule t be bserved.
他们让每个人都跪下来，他们的人摧毁了这座桥，准备好了粮食，遵守了规则。
I cannt bring myself t acknwledge the fault, t scld her, t believe the news, t leave my children hungry.
我不能让自己承认错误，责骂她，相信这个消息，让我的孩子挨饿。
he cndemned them t be imprisned.
他判他们入狱。
The judge sentenced him t die.
法官判处他死刑。
He charged me t send the letter, me t keep the diamnd.
他让我寄信，让我保管钻石。
He rdered his men t get ready.
他命令部下做好准备。
I shuld nt blige yu t spend yur mney.
我不应该强迫你花钱。
I am bliged t help him.
我有义务帮助他。
They begged him t accmpany them, me t help them.
他们求他陪他们，求我帮助他们。
They cnjured him nt t criticize them.
他们恳求他不要批评他们。
He advised his friend t wrk hard, his friends t try this pill.
他劝他的朋友努力工作，他的朋友尝试这种药丸。
They warned me nt t g ut that night, me t be careful.
他们警告我那天晚上不要出去，要我小心。
I pledge myself nt t be unjust.
我保证不做不公正的事。
He suffered nbdy t tuch his flwers, himself t be caught.
他不让任何人碰他的花，也不让别人抓住他。
He cannt bear any man t speak with his wife.
他不能容忍任何人同他妻子说话。
The ticket entitled the bearer t see the mvie.
持票人有权看这部电影。
I empwered him t supervise the city.
我授权他管理这个城市。
His success decided me t try.
他的成功决定我去尝试。
The circumstance determined him t wrk hard.
环境决定他努力工作。
Gd has chsen us t take land.
上帝选择了我们夺取土地。
I induced him t accmpany me.
我劝他陪我。
Nthing can mve him t change his mind.
什么也不能使他改变主意。
He helped me (t) d everything.
他帮我做每件事。
His wealth enabled him t buy a big building.
他的财富使他能买一栋大楼。
Yu prvked him t speak rudely.
你惹得他说话粗鲁。
This success inspired me t study harder.
这次成功激励我更加努力地学习。
They trained him t be patient.
他们训练他要有耐心。
They educate David t be nice.
他们教育大卫要友善。
He used the ccnut shell t take water.
他用椰子壳盛水。
he signed (t, fr) them t wait.
他示意他们等一下。
He beckned them t apprach, them t draw nearer.
他示意他们走近，让他们走近。
2.这种类型有一些变体：
He caused music t be played. (在没有必要说明谁演奏时，可用不定式的被动形式）
他使音乐得以演奏。
He allwed his gd name t be siled.
他听任自己的好名声受到玷污。
I d nt want there t be anther war (=anther war t cme). (anther war 为宾语，t be there 为补语）
我不希望再次发生战争。
He likes there t be a picnic (=a picnic t take place).
他喜欢在那里举行野餐。
He held there t be n gd (=that there is n gd).
他认为没有上帝。
He meat there t be n truble.
他希望那里不会有麻烦。
He hates there t be any quarrel.
他讨厌在那里发生任何争吵。
I shuld prefer there t be a meeting.
我宁愿开个会。
I hate there t be sme misunderstanding between us.
我不希望我们之间有什么误会。
I expect there t be sme kind f agreement.
我希望能达成某种协议。
但注意：
I prmised him t wrk harder (=that I wuld wrk harder, 不是指that he wuld wrk harder.
我答应他更加努力工作。
二、S+FV+N+t be/t have
1.约有90个表示判断的动词用“t be +补语” 或“t have +过去分词”作补语。这个句型一般表示主语认为或宣布某人或某物是什么（样）或做过某事。
They believed (r thught, figured, maintained) him t be hnest.
他们相信(或认为、认为、认为)他是诚实的。
They suppsed him t be an expert (r an hnest man).
他们认为他是个专家(或诚实的人)。
They tk me t be a Frenchman.
他们以为我是法国人。
They suspected him t be a thief, t have stlen their things.
他们怀疑他是个小偷，偷了他们的东西。
They dubted him t be an hnest man.
他们怀疑他是不是一个诚实的人。
They cnstrued his reply t be unfavurable.
他们认为他的答复是不利的。
They knew the situatin t be against them, their friend t be a snake in the grass.
他们知道形势对他们不利，他们的朋友是个阴险的人。
They fancied themselves t be the best men in the twn, the circumstance t be favurable, themselves t have been cheated.
他们以为自己是镇上最优秀的人，以为形势有利，以为自己上当受骗了。
They prved him t be wrthy f prmtin, it t be wrng.
他们证明他值得提升，这是错的。
Their accent revealed them t be freigners.
他们的口音表明他们是外国人。
They disclsed this matter t be a cnspiracy.
他们揭露这件事是一场阴谋。
They recgnized him t be their bsm friend.
他们认出他是他们的知心朋友。
They described me t be a mysterius persn.
他们说我是一个神秘的人。
They apprehended their sn t be in danger.
他们担心他们的儿子有危险。
2.在上面句子中，t be 后面的形容词或名词表示某种特点，而在下面句子中，t be和后面的现在分词表示现在进行或在主要动词所表示时间当中正在进行的动作，而“t have+过去分词”表示主要动词所表示时间之前已完成的动作：
They suspected him t be playing a trick n them.
他们怀疑他在捉弄他们。
They suppsed him t have seen much abut the wrld.
他们认为他见多识广。
They wrinkles n his face represented him t have suffered much.
他脸上的皱纹表明他受了很多苦。
3.在上述动词后只能用不定式t be和t have，其他动词的不定式一般不能用，但表示状态（而不是动作）的动词不定式可以用：
They knew him t g t schl. (错误)
I believed Jhn t make pems. (错误)
I cnsidered him t read English very easily. (错误)
They knew the bx t cntain 20 cigarettes. (正确)
他们知道盒子里装着20支香烟。
I believed the sentence t mean smething ill. (正确)
我相信这句话有不好的意思。
I find it t have several advantages. (正确)
我发现它有几个优点。
4.在不少情况下，不定式t be可以省略，这是句型变为S+FV+N+N或A或P.N，但“t have been”及“t be+现在分词”却benign省略。
They suppsed him (t be) wrng, fund it (t be) a gd plicy, reprted him (t be) the best man fr the jb, believed him (t be) a thief, think it (t be) f little value.
他们认为他错了，认为这是一个好政策，报告说他是这项工作的最佳人选，相信他是个小偷，认为这没有什么价值。
但：They believed it t have been stle. I shuld guess him t be playing a trick n me.
他们认为它被偷了。我猜他是在捉弄我。
5.此外，上面的简单句（都是书面语或正式文体）可以变为包含一个that从句的复合句，这时句子则变为非正式文体，不过有少数宾补动词不允许这样的改变：
They believed him t be hnest. =They believed that he was hnest.
他们相信他是诚实的。
I cnsidered this truble t be unnecessary. =I cnsidered that this truble was unnecessary.
我认为这个麻烦是不必要的。
He declared himself t have dne his best. =He declared that he had dne his best.
他宣称他已尽了最大的努力。
但：
He named her t be secretary.=He named that she was secretary. (错误)
I cunt myself t be lucky.=I cunt that I am lucky. (错误)