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《微专题 小练习》 英语 新高考 练习4 单句语法填空＋阅读理解
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这是一份《微专题 小练习》 英语 新高考 练习4 单句语法填空＋阅读理解，共3页。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(定语从句和状语从句)
1．The meeting will be put ff till next week, a time ________ mst f ur clients will have been back frm abrad.
2．[2023·湖南长郡中学检测]The reasn ________ he was late fr wrk was ________ he missed the bus by ne minute this mrning.
3．[2023·河北深州中学期末]With a ttal length f 4，000 meters and a width f 75 meters, ne f its runways is a 4F runway—the highest level in the internatinal aviatin industry, ________ large civil aircraft like an Airbus A380 can take ff and land.
4．Whenever I read the ld letters, ________ was fairly ften, sweet memries warmed my heart.
5．With a lving character, Tm is such a kind and helpful persn ________ we cannt praise t much.
6．It is the family pht hung n the wall that always reminds me that family is the place ________ I shuld try my best t take care f.
7．As far as I am cncerned，yuth is a perid ________ we shuld study hard and make urselves well prepared fr the future.
8．Yung ________ she is, she has traveled t many cuntries t put n shws.
9．The yung cuple, wh returned my lst wallet, left ________ I culd ask fr their names.
10．T such a degree was he excited ________ he culdn't sleep last night.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancercausing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ecmachine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ecmachine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuselike facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1，600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ecmachine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr，” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what's happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t selfrepair.”
1．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．He was fnd f traveling.
B．He enjyed being alne.
C．He had an inquiring mind.
D．He lnged t be a dctr.
2．Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A．T feed the animals.
B．T build an ecsystem.
C．T prtect the plants.
D．T test the ecmachine.
3．What is the authr's purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A．T review Jhn's research plans.
B．T shw an applicatin f Jhn's idea.
C．T cmpare Jhn's different jbs.
D．T erase dubts abut Jhn's inventin.
4．What is the basis fr Jhn's wrk?
A．Nature can repair itself.
B．Organisms need water t survive.
C．Life n Earth is diverse.
D．Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
B
Gffin's cckats, a kind f small parrt native t Australasia, have been shwn t have similar shaperecgnitin abilities t a human twyearld. Thugh nt knwn t use tls in the wild, the birds have prved skilful at tl use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cckats were presented with a bx with a nut inside it. The clear frnt f the bx had a “keyhle” in a gemetric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” t chse frm. Inserting the crrect “key” wuld let ut the nut.
In humans, babies can put a rund shape in a rund hle frm arund ne year f age, but it will be anther year befre they are able t d the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability t recgnize that a shape will need t be turned in a specific directin befre it will fit is called an “allcentric frame f reference”. In the experiment, Gffin's cckats were able t select the right tl fr the jb, in mst cases, by visual recgnitin alne. Where trialanderrr was used, the cckats did better than mnkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Gffin's cckats d indeed pssess an allcentric frame f reference when mving bjects in space, similar t twyearld babies.
The next step, accrding t the researchers, is t try and wrk ut whether the cckats rely entirely n visual clues (线索), r als use a sense f tuch in making their shape selectins.
5．Hw did the cckats get the nut frm the bx in the experiment?
A．By fllwing instructins.
B．By using a tl.
C．By turning the bx arund.
D．By remving the lid.
6．Which task can human neyearlds mst likely cmplete accrding t the text?
A．Using a key t unlck a dr.
B．Telling parrts frm ther birds.
C．Putting a ball int a rund hle.
D．Gruping tys f different shapes.
7．What des the fllwup test aim t find ut abut the cckats?
A．Hw far they are able t see.
B．Hw they track mving bjects.
C．Whether they are smarter than mnkeys.
D．Whether they use a sense f tuch in the test.
8．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Cckats：Quick Errr Checkers
B．Cckats：Independent Learners
C．Cckats：Clever SignalReaders
D．Cckats：Skilful ShapeSrters
黄金考点
语法填空——介词
2023·新课标Ⅰ卷
记叙文
320词
★★★☆☆
2022·全国甲卷
说明文
246词
★★☆☆☆
考点8
介词的基本用法
考例
The far side f the mn is f particular interest t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters (环形山), mre s ________ the familiar near side.
点拨
考查介词。根据设空处前的mre可知，设空处应填介词than。
考点9
介词用于固定短语
考例
Bamb plants are assciated ________ health, abundance and a happy hme.
点拨
句意：竹子与健康、富足和幸福家庭联系在一起。be assciated with为固定短语，故填with。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(定语从句和状语从句)
1．The meeting will be put ff till next week, a time ________ mst f ur clients will have been back frm abrad.
2．[2023·湖南长郡中学检测]The reasn ________ he was late fr wrk was ________ he missed the bus by ne minute this mrning.
3．[2023·河北深州中学期末]With a ttal length f 4，000 meters and a width f 75 meters, ne f its runways is a 4F runway—the highest level in the internatinal aviatin industry, ________ large civil aircraft like an Airbus A380 can take ff and land.
4．Whenever I read the ld letters, ________ was fairly ften, sweet memries warmed my heart.
5．With a lving character, Tm is such a kind and helpful persn ________ we cannt praise t much.
6．It is the family pht hung n the wall that always reminds me that family is the place ________ I shuld try my best t take care f.
7．As far as I am cncerned，yuth is a perid ________ we shuld study hard and make urselves well prepared fr the future.
8．Yung ________ she is, she has traveled t many cuntries t put n shws.
9．The yung cuple, wh returned my lst wallet, left ________ I culd ask fr their names.
10．T such a degree was he excited ________ he culdn't sleep last night.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancercausing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ecmachine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ecmachine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuselike facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1，600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ecmachine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr，” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what's happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t selfrepair.”
1．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．He was fnd f traveling.
B．He enjyed being alne.
C．He had an inquiring mind.
D．He lnged t be a dctr.
2．Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A．T feed the animals.
B．T build an ecsystem.
C．T prtect the plants.
D．T test the ecmachine.
3．What is the authr's purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A．T review Jhn's research plans.
B．T shw an applicatin f Jhn's idea.
C．T cmpare Jhn's different jbs.
D．T erase dubts abut Jhn's inventin.
4．What is the basis fr Jhn's wrk?
A．Nature can repair itself.
B．Organisms need water t survive.
C．Life n Earth is diverse.
D．Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
B
Gffin's cckats, a kind f small parrt native t Australasia, have been shwn t have similar shaperecgnitin abilities t a human twyearld. Thugh nt knwn t use tls in the wild, the birds have prved skilful at tl use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cckats were presented with a bx with a nut inside it. The clear frnt f the bx had a “keyhle” in a gemetric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” t chse frm. Inserting the crrect “key” wuld let ut the nut.
In humans, babies can put a rund shape in a rund hle frm arund ne year f age, but it will be anther year befre they are able t d the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability t recgnize that a shape will need t be turned in a specific directin befre it will fit is called an “allcentric frame f reference”. In the experiment, Gffin's cckats were able t select the right tl fr the jb, in mst cases, by visual recgnitin alne. Where trialanderrr was used, the cckats did better than mnkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Gffin's cckats d indeed pssess an allcentric frame f reference when mving bjects in space, similar t twyearld babies.
The next step, accrding t the researchers, is t try and wrk ut whether the cckats rely entirely n visual clues (线索), r als use a sense f tuch in making their shape selectins.
5．Hw did the cckats get the nut frm the bx in the experiment?
A．By fllwing instructins.
B．By using a tl.
C．By turning the bx arund.
D．By remving the lid.
6．Which task can human neyearlds mst likely cmplete accrding t the text?
A．Using a key t unlck a dr.
B．Telling parrts frm ther birds.
C．Putting a ball int a rund hle.
D．Gruping tys f different shapes.
7．What des the fllwup test aim t find ut abut the cckats?
A．Hw far they are able t see.
B．Hw they track mving bjects.
C．Whether they are smarter than mnkeys.
D．Whether they use a sense f tuch in the test.
8．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Cckats：Quick Errr Checkers
B．Cckats：Independent Learners
C．Cckats：Clever SignalReaders
D．Cckats：Skilful ShapeSrters
黄金考点
语法填空——介词
2023·新课标Ⅰ卷
记叙文
320词
★★★☆☆
2022·全国甲卷
说明文
246词
★★☆☆☆
考点8
介词的基本用法
考例
The far side f the mn is f particular interest t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters (环形山), mre s ________ the familiar near side.
点拨
考查介词。根据设空处前的mre可知，设空处应填介词than。
考点9
介词用于固定短语
考例
Bamb plants are assciated ________ health, abundance and a happy hme.
点拨
句意：竹子与健康、富足和幸福家庭联系在一起。be assciated with为固定短语，故填with。
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