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【寒假作业】(牛津译林版)初中英语 2024年八年级 寒假训练 07 动词不定式练习.zip
展开作业07 动词不定式
一、动词不定式基本形式:
【精讲】(nt) t+动词原形(在某些情况下可以不带t)如:
I’m cming t see yu.
Nw the Chinese gvernment has made laws t prevent all these things in Zhalng.
二、特点:
A .【精讲】没有人称和数的变化。如:
The man ran ut t see what was wrng .
Let’s make a fire t warm urselves up.
B .【精讲】可以有自己的宾语、状语和定语等。如:
在 t see what was wrng中,see的宾语是what was wrng;
在t prevent all these things in Zhalng.中,in Zhalng.作定语。
C .有时态和语态的变化(被动语态的形式为t be+动词过去分词)。如:
The windws needs cleaning.=The windws needs t be cleaned.
【精讲】动词不定式作目的状语用法:
我们可以用动词不定式表示某一动作或状态的目的,即动词不定式作目的状语。如:
I had t wrk hard t earn mney. 我不得不努力工作赚钱。
He stayed at hme t finish his hmewrk.他留在家完成作业。
Mrs Wang went t Shanghai t see her daughter.(目的) 王太太去上海看她女儿。
为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时,还可以在前面加in rder t。如:
She is running quickly in rder t catch the train. 为了赶火车,她正飞快地跑着。
由in rder t引导的目的状语,既可以置于句尾,也可以置于句首。如:
They started early in rder t get there in time.
= In rder t get there in time, they started early.为了及时赶到那里,他们很早就出发了。
Sme peple want t make the wetlands smaller in rder t have mre space fr farms and buildings.
=In rder t have mre space fr farms and buildings, sme peple want t make the wetlands smaller.
动词不定式作宾语补足语
【精讲】1、常跟带t的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(动词+宾语+t d sth.)有:
warn, tell, allw, ask, rder, get, invite, wish, want, encurage, advise, like, lve, hate,beg …+ sb. t d sth.等。 如:
The teacher tld me t clean the blackbard.
I want yu t give me sme help.
He asked me t wait fr him yesterday.
Li Mei asked me t shw her the new dictinary .
【精讲】2、常跟不带t的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(动词+宾语+d sth.)有:
●使役动词和感官动词: “ 四看,三让,两听,一感觉,半帮助”等。
【精讲】lk at, see, watch, ntice// let,make, have// hear, listen t//feel// help sb.(t)d sth.
如:1.)Let’s put n ur sprts shes first.
2.)She thinks it makes her lk fat.
3.)My father ften watches the fish swim arund in the tank.
4.)Can yu hear him read English every night?
5.)She ften helps me (t) d the husewrk.她常常帮我做家务。
6.)We helped him (t) fix his bike.我们帮他修自行车。
注意:动词help后面的动词不定式可带t,也可不带t。
●区分下列词组:
【精讲】see sb. ding/ d sth./hear sb. ding/ d sth./watch sb. ding/ d sth./ntice sb. ding/ d sth.
感官动词 see, watch, lk at, ntice, hear, listen t, feel+ d表示动作的完整性。+ding 表示动作的进行性。
注意:被动语态中不能省去t。
●动词不定式作宾语补足语时,宾语补足语与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如:
Lucy asked him t turn dwn her radi. 露西要他关小收音机。
宾语是him, 宾语补足语是t turn dwn her radi。逻辑上的主谓关系为:
He turned dwn her radi.他把她的收音机音量调小。
现在分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别。
我们常见的动词,如:see,watch,ntice,hear,feel,have等,它们接不带t的不定式作宾补,表示已经完成了的或经常性的动作;接现在分词作宾补,表示动作正在进行着。如:
I heard him singing in the classrm.我听到他正在教室里唱歌。(“唱”这个动作正在进行。)
I heard him sing in the classrm.我听到他在教室里唱歌了。(“唱”这个动作已结束。)
I saw him ging up the stairs. 我看见他正在上楼。(“上楼”这个动作正在进行。)
I saw him g up the stairs. 我看见他上楼了。(“上楼”这个动作已完成。)
易混句式: have sb. d sth. have sb. ding sth.和have sth.dne的区别。
①have sb.d sth.意为“让某人做某事”,have可以用let,make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作,且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。如:
The sldiers had the by stand with his back t his father. 士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。
②have sb.ding sth.意为“让某人做某事”,have可以用keep代替,现在分词(ding)这个动作往往具有持续进行的含义。如:
The tw men had their lights burning all night lng. 那两个人让灯通宵亮着。
③have sth.dne意为“让某人做某事”,ask sb. else t d sth.过去分词(dne)这个动作由他人(即非主语本身)来完成,含有被动意义且强调动作已经完成。如:
The driver had his car washed nce a week. 那位司机每周叫人洗一次车。
接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀:
请求与命令ask sb. t d sth. 请求某人做某事
tell sb. t d sth. 命令某人做某事
想要邀请期待鼓励与建议
want sb. t d sth. 想要某人做某事
invite sb. t d sth. 邀请某人做某事
expect sb. t d sth. 期待某人做某事
encurage sb. t d sth. 鼓励某人做某事
advise sb. t d sth. 建议某人做某事
答应告诫允许提醒和帮助
prmise sb. t d 答应某人做某事
warn sb. nt t d sth. 告诫某人做某事
allw sb. t d sth. 允许某人做某事
remind sb. t d sth. 提醒某人做某事
help sb. (t) d sth. 帮助某人做某事
一、单项选择
1.—I advise yu_________ sme cartns. Thse funny stries always make me laugh.
—Thank yu.
A.watchB.watchingC.t watch
2._________ the prject n time, they need t wrk tw mre hurs a day.
A.FinishB.T finishC.FinishedD.Finishing
3.They raised a lt f mney ________ him in his truble.
A.acceptB.t acceptC.t supprtD.supprting
4.A bridge was built ver the river. It is easier ________ the ther side f the river.
A.reachB.reachedC.reachingD.t reach
5.It is a lt f fun ________ t music, and it’s a gd hbby.
A.listenB.t listenC.listensD.t listening
6.—I heard Tm gt straight A in the exam this time.
—Yes. He stayed up late _______ fr it every night. Gd helps thse wh help themselves!
A.preparedB.prepareC.t prepareD.prepares
7.I expect ________ the next Winter Olympics. I think it must be wnderful.
A.t watchB.watchingC.watchedD.watch
8.Mum, I want t invite my friends ________ mvies tmrrw.
A.watchB.t watchC.watchingD.are watching
9.Please tell Tm ________ the talk next week.
A.nt frgetB.nt t frgetC.dn’t frgetD.nt frget t
10.Lk at the sign “N swimming”—it warns us ________ in the lake.
A.swimmingB.nt t swimC.nt swimming
11.Mr. Smith plans ________ here much lnger because he has lts f things t d.
A.stayingB.stayedC.t stayD.stay
12.We must d everything we can ________ ur earth cleaner and cleaner.
A.MakeB.t makingC.makingD.t make
13.Dn’t frget ________ the bk t the library this afternn, Simn.
A.returningB.t returnC.returnD.returned
14.The plice asked the children ________ crss the street ________ the traffic lights turned green.
A.nt t; untilB.didn’t; whenC.nt; befreD.nt; after
15.I hpe _______ an astrnaut like Wang Yaping and g t the space statin.
A.t beingB.beingC.beD.t be
16.—What d we need ________ fr the cming party?
—Bread and drinks.
A.buyingB.buyC.t buyD.t buying
17.— Dn’t frget ________ the bk back n the desk when yu leave, Tina.
— OK. I wn’t.
A.putB.t puttingC.puttingD.t put
18.—I have sme difficulty imprving my English prnunciatin, Mr.Wu.
—________ prgress yu shuld listen t the recrding and read alud every day.
A.MakeB.MakingC.T makeD.Made
19.—Why are yu lking s hungry?
—I slept at my grandma’s last night. And ________ the early bus t schl this mrning, I didn’t eat breakfast.
A.catchB.catchingC.t catchD.caught
20.Nwadays, mre and mre peple prefer __________ in the cuntryside __________ the fresh air.
A.live; t breatheB.living; t breathing
C.t live; t breathingD.t live; t breathe
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
21.D yu want (cme) t my birthday party?
22.It’s bad manners (stick) yur chpsticks int the rice.
23.I’m glad (meet) yu all.
24.Tm is t yung (g) t schl this year.
25.I expect all f yu (make) a plan fr the cming term.
26.We asked them (nt thrw) things frm a high place because it is dangerus.
27.In the cming winter vacatin, I plan (attend) a DIY curse.
28. (imprve) his English, he gt up very early t practice speaking.
29.It’s best (nt hang) ut with friends t late.
30.—Hw lng did it take yu (draw) such a beautiful picture?
—Fr abut tw hurs.
31.Anna needs (sell) the eggs t Mr. Cl.
32.Can yu tell me sme ways t (imprve) my English?
33.Dn’t let them (shut) that lud, Peter.
34.Jack wants (play) in the next Wrld Cup (世界杯). I hpe he can make it.
35.I want (buy) gifts fr my parents.
36.Thanksgiving is a time (celebrate) the harvest in Nvember.
37.He wants (eat) strawberries.
38.When she heard the gd news that we were ging t g back t schl, she was t excited (say) any wrds.
39.Let’s (watch) sprts n TV.
40.The lady tried many times and managed t a new kind f biscuits. (inventin)
三、语法选择
A different culture keeps my eyes and mind pen. When I stayed in Russia as 41 exchange student, I learned abut it.
One f 42 differences is abut peple’s way f life. One day, a friend 43 is lcal invited me t a well-knwn restaurant in Mscw. After arriving there, I fund nthing n the table but several small plate. 44 the dishes were simple, we drank a lt and we were happy. In China, when we invite friends r relatives, we always prvide them 45 a big dinner.
Anther Russian 46 als surprises me greatly. As we knw, it is very cld in winter. Hwever, when winter cmes, Russians enjy swimming. They even take 47 kids utside t swimming. The water is freezing cld, but they all play happily in it! Smetimes I 48 t jin them, hwever, I have t say n, because it is really difficult fr me 49 it!
I 50 a lt frm the exchange visit s far, and it’s been educatinal in many ways. What fun it is t knw abut a different culture!
41.A.aB.anC.theD./
42.A.bigB.biggerC.the biggestD.biggest
43.A.whereB.whatC.whseD.wh
44.A.SB.ButC.AlthughD.And
45.A.withB.frC.tD.at
46.A.custmB.custmsC.peridD.perids
47.A.theyB.themC.theirsD.their
48.A.invitedB.am invitedC.was invitingD.were invited
49.A.enjyB.t enjyC.preferD.t prefer
50.A.learnB.learnedC.have learnedD.will learn
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
All the parents want their children t be great and famus when they grw up. Sme f them even think it imprtant t name their children 51 (different). S they may spend a lng time 52 (pick) special names fr them.
Mther Ella Karin and Father Andi Cahya Saputra, welcme their 53 (tw) child in Nvember. Father Andi wuld like t give their sn a special name because he wanted him t be different 54 thers. At first, inspired by technlgy (受科技的启发), he 55 (plan) t chse a name amng “Windws, iPhne, Micrsft and iOS”. But finally, the father decided t name his sn “Ggle”.
It really tk almst everyne in this family a lng time t get used t (习惯) the name. Fr Mther Ella, she wuld tell peple the 56 (by) name was “baby by” when they asked her during the first three 57 (mnth) after his birth. Father Andi said the name Ggle had 58 imprtant meaning—he hped his sn culd “help” lts f peple and “be 59 (use)” ne day, just like the search engine (搜索引擎). And Andi added that he refused 60 (give) his sn a family name because that wuld make the name Ggle becme less meaningful.
Hw interesting the name and the parents were!
五、补全对话
A: Hell, Linda! 61 ?
B: Sure, g ahead.
A: 62 ?
B: Yes. Many earthquakes happen every year in sme places.
A: 63 ?
B: Yes. I think we shuld stay under a table when we are indrs. And we shuldn’t stand near buildings when we are utdrs.
A: D yu think we shuld sit n the flr clse t a wall if we are in the rm?
B: 64 . And we shuld use ur arms t prtect ur head.
A: What shuld we d if we feel afraid?
B: 65 . It is imprtant t stay calm if we are in the earthquake.
A: Thanks very much.
B: Yu’re welcme.
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