福建省四校2024届高三上学期期中联考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份福建省四校2024届高三上学期期中联考英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了听力题，阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、听力题
Fragile. Oversensitive. Glued t their phnes. Is this what cmes t mind when we think f the teens f this generatin? While this may be true, there might be mre t this generatin f teens than what is generally perceived.
Never befre have the lives f any generatin f teens been as flded with mbile technlgy and scial media as the teens f this generatin. The ppularity f scial media has led t a wrld in which teens have t participate in Instagram, TikTk and Twitter, r else cause the scial anger f their friends, sme f whm cmmunicate primarily via thse nline platfrms. As cmpared t their parents r grandparents wh were likely less cnnected and mre islated, these teens are cnstantly expsed t the highlight reels(高光时刻) f many in their scial circles and beynd, It is n wnder that the self-esteem and mental health f this generatin's teens have taken a hit.
Mrever, the teens tday are mre individualistic. This is in cntrast t the kampng spirit f their parents and grandparents' days. Gne is the friendship amng neighburs wh are friendly with ne anther and quick t ffer a helping hand when they see anther in need. In its place, we have teens wh may nt even have a clue as t wh lives in the unit next t theirs, much less ffer a friendly nd r wave when they happen t crss paths with a neighbur.
Yet, the effects f technlgy n this generatin f teens are nt all bad. Arguably, the very cnnectedness that scial media brings abut has led t being mre prgressive. Lgging nt platfrms where peple f all walks f life gather means that ne is expsed t thse peple and their distinctive ways f life. In cmparisn, the parents r grandparents f this generatin f teens prbably did nt have the same pprtunity t get t knw peple utside f their scial circles at their age, and are thus mre likely t have fixed, steretypical (刻板的) pinin f peple different frm them. This generatin f teens, n the ther hand, has the chance t use this technlgy t understand the variety and diversity ut there.
1、What des the underlined phrase “have taken a hit” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Have been terribly hurt. B. Have imprved a lt.
C. Have recvered sn. D. Have been ignred.
2、Which belngs t the kampng spirit accrding t paragraph 3?
A. Telephne yur parents regularly. B. Never say Hi t yur classmates.
C. Share yur fd with neighburs. D. Brrw mney frm yur teacher
3、What gd effect des scial media have n the teens?
A. They are mre ambitius and active.
B. They are mre friendly and generus.
C. They are mre independent f their parents.
D. They are mre pen-minded and better infrmed.
4、Hw is the text develped?
A. By giving examples. B. By shwing statistics.
C. By making cmparisns. D. By prviding instructins.
二、阅读理解
Enter the 2023 Shrt Stry Cmpetitin Here
Ariana Fais has lts f bks n her shelf but ne takes pride f place(显要位置). It’s her wn stry, The Unexpected Friendship, which was published after she wn the Kids News Shrt Stry Cmpetitin a few years back as a Grade 2 student. Nw aged 11 and in Grade 5, Ariana is a writer f stries and petry. As well as her Shrt Stry Cmpetitin victry in 2020, Ariana was a runner-up(亚军) in last year’s event. And she’s already tssing arund(辗转不安) new plt ideas fr this year.
Abut the Shrt Stry Cmpetitin
The Kids News Shrt Stry Cmpetitin runs frm May 1 t 26 and is free t enter. The cmpetitin has fur age grups: Kindergarten t Year 2;Years 3-4;Years 5-6 and Years 7-9. Stries must be between 250 and 750 wrds fr students in Kindergarten t Year 4 and between 500 and 1,000 wrds fr students in Years 5 t 9.
A grup f judges, led by award-winning authr Jackie French, will chse the winning entries, with shrt stries f the first prize winner in each age categry published int a printed bk with a persnally designed cver.
Fr the first time, each age categry winner will als receive a Harper Cllins Children’s Bks Mentrship, which will include persnalized feedback(反馈) n their stry frm the Harper Cllins editrial team and the chance t ask them abut writing and publishing. Teachers can submit their students’ entries using the nline entry frm belw.
5、Why is Ariana Fais mentined in Paragraph 1?
A. T spread her stry.B. T admire her ability.
C. T attract participants.D. T prmte the talent.
6、What is the maximum number f wrds fr an eight-year-ld cntestant?
A. 250 wrds.B. 500 wrds.C. 750 wrds.D. 1.000 wrds.
7、Wh will cmmunicate with the winners abut writing and publishing?
A. Ariana Fais.B. Jackie French.
C. Several judges.D. Harper Cllins editrs.
Fashin always influences peple, Isabella Springmuhl Tejada frm Guatemala, ne f the first prfessinal fashin designer with Dwn syndrme, is prving that fashin ges beynd nrmal limits.
Tejada wh discvered her hbby in childhd said, “I think that fashin design is in my bld.” After all, her grandmther had a studi where she prduced Guatemalan-style clthing. And, when she was yung, Tejada’s mther gave her fashin magazines t read. Tejada spent hurs f her childhd reading the magazines and designing paper dresses fr her dlls. By the time she reached high schl, Tejada had decided t enter the wrld.
After being refused by several fashin schls because f her Dwn syndrme, Tejada fund her wn path. She signed up fr a clthing-making curse, where she began t make clthing fr “wrry dlls”, finger-sized traditinal Guatemalan dlls. And she created life-sized dlls and dressed them in the clrful clthes that she’s nw famus fr. This-design experience greatly helped Tejada. She fell in lve with traditinal Guatemalan patterns and clrs. She explained, “I’m lucky t wrk with traditinal clth, inspired by ur culture and representing ur cuntry.”
Tejada als pineered fashin design fr peple with Dwn syndrme. She said, “It is difficult fr peple like me t find suitable clthes. We can be shrter r weaker. That’s why I decided t design clthes that wuld be perfect fr peple with Dwn syndrme.”
Tejada has created her brand, Dwn t Xjabelle. The new brand tk ff right away. It made it all the way t Lndn Fashin Week. And the great designer has plans fr the future as well. Tejada said, “I want peple all ver the wrld t knw my designs and t knw that peple with Dwn syndrme can d what they set ut t d. I want t be able t live n my wn.”
8、What awakened Tejada’s lve fr fashin design?
A. Her visit t a design schl.B. Her family’s strng influence.
C. Her effrts t fight her disease.D. Her wrk experience in a famus cmpany.
9、What effect did designing clthes fr dlls have n Tejada?
A. It prved her ability t run a business.
B. It inspired her t learn abut different cultures.
C. It strengthened her wish t travel arund the wrld.
D. It increased her interest in traditinal design styles.
10、What des Tejada want t cnvey thrugh her wrds in the last paragraph?
A. She wn’t let her disability limit her.
B. Her illness has been successfully cured.
C. Her brand is facing serius cmpetitin.
D. She can’t please nrmal custmers with her design ideas.
11、What may be the best title fr the text?
A. A special designer turns her dream int reality.
B. Fashin is clsely cnnected with daily life.
C. Learn the value f traditinal culture.
D. Develp a hbby frm an early age.
Pretending sickness may get harder. Slipping a day ff wrk by nervusly cughing dwn the phne t yur bss might nt wrk. Very sn yur cmpany might be able t tell whether yur symptms are real, just frm yur vice.
An Indian research team tried t tell a "cld vice"frm a healthy vice. Their research makes use f the fact that human speech, like any musical instrument, des nt prduce single frequencies f sunds. Even the best trained singers cannt hit pure ntes like thse frm tuning frks. The dminant ntes in the human vice are instead accmpanied by a series f higher pitch(音高) tnes.
Tgether these sets f ntes fit int mathematical patterns called harmnics (和声), with tnes having frequencies that are multiples f the riginal nte. Fr example, the pitch f the secnd harmnic nte is twice the frequency f the main nte and s n. The ludness f these harmnics in speech tends t fade as they prceed up the frequency scale. The team reasned that infectin with a cld might change hw this decline happened.
T find ut, the scientists made use f an unusual resurce: recrdings f the vices f 630 peple in Germany, 111 f whm were suffering frm a cld. Each was asked t cunt frm ne t 40 and describe what they did at the weekend. They als read alud a fable The Nrth Wind and the Sun, which has been a ppular text fr speech research since 1949. By breaking dwn each persn's speech int its spectrum (声谱) f cmpnent wavelengths, there searchers culd identify the dminant frequency and the harmnics in each case. They then used machine-learning t analyse the relatinships between the ludness f these harmnics and fund patterns that culd distinguish the cld vices frm the healthy vices.
The team's diagnsis f cld vice shws a 70% accuracy. Faced with anther dull Mnday at the ffice, wuld yu take the risk?
12、On what basis is the research perfrmed?
A. Human speeches vary in frequencies.
B.Training has n effect n human ntes.
C. Humans speak like musical instruments.
D. Higher pitch ntes dminate human vices.
13、What may reduce the vlume f human harmnics?
A. The pitch f harmnics.B.A pretended cld vice.
C. The sets f human ntes.D. Higher sund frequencies.
14、Why are the participants required t read the fable?
A.It is easy t understand.B.It is valuable in literature.
C. It is ppular with speakers.D. It is suitable fr the research.
15、What des the authr want t tell us?
A. Human speech reflects health.B.Pretending sickness is a trend.
C. Vice changes with cnditins.D. Changing vice is f great risk.
三、七选五
16、Radar is an electrnic device that detects planes, ships, castlines, landmarks, and even strm cluds. The name radar cmes frm the first letters f the wrds “radi directin and ranging”. As the human eye uses light waves t see, radar “sees” with radi waves. Withut radar, planes culd nt land safely in bad weather and ships culd nt mve safely in thick fg. ①________
In the 1800s it was discvered that radi waves culd be reflected frm bjects. But scientists did nt make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the wrld was threatened by war. ②__________ It has been used widely in almst every cnflict(冲突) since then.
Eches make it pssible fr radar t wrk. When a beam f radi waves is sent ut, it strikes an bject and returns an ech. This ech is picked up by radar and recrded n a screen similar t televisin screens. On the screen an bserver sees a flash and that can shw the directin and distance f the bject. ③__________
Airprt cntrl twers use radar t guide planes in fr safe landings. Almst all large ships depend n radar t prevent cllisins with icebergs r ther ships. ④__________ Weather frecasters “see” the size, directin, and speed f strms n radar screens. Astrnmers can even use radar t measure accurately the distance frm the earth t the mn. Thus, the device has helped achieve majr advancements.
⑤_________It guards us against pssible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missile(弹道导弹) warning systems that can warn us against attacks when missiles are mre than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems can als warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.
A. The measurement is nw highly accurate.
B. Plice track speeders in radar-equipped cars.
C. The device can be used in a wide range f fields.
D. It is therefre especially valuable t shippers and travelers.
E. During Wrld War II many cuntries used radar effectively.
F. Tday radar is used by cmmercial airliners and weather frecasters.
G. Strengthening natinal defense is ne f radar’s mst imprtant functins.
四、完形填空（15空）
Sixteen years ag, I learned an imprtant life lessn in the back f a New Yrk City taxi cab.
I jumped in a taxi, and we ____1____ fr Grand Central Statin. We were driving in the right lane, when, suddenly, a black ___ 2____ jumped ut f a parking space right in frnt f us. My taxi driver ____3____ his brakes. The car slipped and nearly missed the ther car! The driver f the ther car ____4____ us and started yelling at us. My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy. And I mean, he was actually ____5____.
S, I asked him, “Why did yu just d that? This guy almst ____6____ yur car.” This is when my taxi driver tld me abut what I nw call “The Law f Garbage Trucks.” “Many peple arc like Garbage Trucks, running arund full f garbage, full f ____7____, full f anger, and full f disappintment. As their garbage ____8____, they need a place t dump it, and if yu let them, they’ll dump it n yu. When that happens, dn’t ____9____ it persnally. ____10____, just smile, wave, and mve n. Yu’ll be ____11____ because yu did s.”
Ww! That really gt me cnsidering hw ften I let Garbage Trucks run right ver me. And, hw ften d I then take their garbage and ____12____ it nt ther peple? It was that day I ____13____, “I’m nt ging t d it anymre.” Since then, I have started t see Garbage Trucks everywhere. I see the ____14____ they’re see them cming t drp it ff. And like my Taxi Driver, I dn’t make it a ____15____ thing; I just smile, wave, and mve n.
17、A. accuntedB. allwedC. departedD. set
18、A. truckB. carC. mtrbikeD. subway
19、A. stepped nB. carried nC. clicked nD. tk n
20、A. smiled atB. stared atC. glared atD. glanced at
21、A. luckyB. friendlyC. livelyD. likely
22、A. stuckB. trackedC. beatD. ruined
23、A. emtinB. depressinC. curisityD. embarrassment
24、A. pushes upB. puts upC. piles upD. picks up
25、A. skipB. faceC. takeD. btain
26、A. TherefreB. MreverC. HweverD. Instead
27、A. merrierB. warmerC. funnierD. angrier
28、A. stpB. expressC. slideD. spread
29、A. slvedB. claimedC. revisedD. reslved
30、A. figureB. lineC. ladD. duty
31、A. publicB. persnalC. sincereD. psitive
五、短文填空
32、Rujiam,als called rugam, is ne f the mst ppular Chinese snacks. Despite its ①_______(cmpare)t a hamburger, it carries far mre gegraphical and histrical meaning.
Rujiam is ②_______ (clse) assciated with the nrth-central city f Xi'an, in Shaanxi prvince. Since 202 BCE, Xi'an has been bth the eastern terminal f the Silk Rad and the capital fr 13 mre-r-less successive Chinese ③_______ (dynasty).
Traditinally, Rujiam mainly cnsists f tw parts---the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparatin used t make the filling fr rujiam dates back ④_______ the Warring States perid. The intrductin int China f Central Asian-style flatbreads, like the kind used in rujiam, in general,⑤_______ (we) t Ban Cha, a Chinese general wh spent ver 30 years battling ⑥_______ unin f nmadic（游牧的）tribes t regain cntrl f the farthest western reaches f China. The flatbread bun, called baijim, takes its name frm ⑦_______is tday knwn as Beiji twnship. There exist differences between the flatbreads used fr different districts in Shaanxi. Fr example, the flatbread used fr Tngguan rujiam is unlike ⑧_______ used in the Xi'an style. Tngguan rujiam, ⑨_______ (name) after a twn that, in days lng past, guarded a strategic pass rughly 120km east f Xi'an.
Despite its tasty flavr, it's risky ⑩_______ (eat) n the g. Prper rujiam is filled t bursting, regardless f the ptential cnsequences fr ne's clthes and dry-cleaning budget.
六、书面表达
33、假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 David准备参加以“保护野生动物”为主题的海报设计大赛，现就参赛作品初稿征求你的意见，请回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 提出存在的问题；
2. 提出修改建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Lt Hua
七、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in middle schl, my family mved t Seattle, where my parents started their new business--a small grcery stre dwnstairs my huse. As a girl f shy and reserved nature, I had t take a fresh start t fit int the sphisticated city life.
One sunny day, my schl annunced an exciting event, a talent shw fr the lcal fd bank. Students were encuraged t shwcase their unique talents in frnt f the public in the city hall n Natinal Day. A buzz f excitement filled the schl as everyne began preparing fr the big day. Deep dwn, I felt a spark f curisity and a desire t participate. Hwever, my self-dubt held me back, “I dn’t have any special skills t share.”
Days turned int weeks, and the talent shw drew clser. I culdn’t shake the upsetting feeling until ne day Emma, ne f the mst ppular girls in my class, came t me while I was helping in the grcery stre after class. “Hw abut singing tgether in the talent shw?” She grinned, “I heard yu singing a tune, alng the way back hme. I can’t help fllwing yu here.” Gsh, I culdn’t believe my ears. Emma, with persnality and ppularity, acknwledged my little talent. Since Emma had the wrld’s prettiest vice, I felt like being favured by frtune.
“Yu tw? The talent shw fr the fd bank?” My mum bent twards us and her face lit up. “A big ccasin.” Then a light bulb seemed t g in her head. “Why nt practise right nw upstairs? I bet yu’ll be a perfect match.” Winking at us, she seemed t knw we were thinking alike.
Emma and I embarked n rehearsing almst every single day after schl. We brainstrmed, exchanged ideas and rehearsed the scene. As the days rlled by, I was feeling pretty gd abut ur act. But the day befre the perfrmance, Emma called that she had an acute stmachache and was nt in.
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1: I was cmpletely kncked ut by the news.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2: Finally came the big mment.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段中“As cmpared t their parents r grandparents wh were likely less cnnected and mre islated, these teens are cnstantly expsed t the highlight reels (高光时刻) f many in their scial circles and beynd. It is n wnder that the self-esteem and mental health f this generatin’s teens have taken a hit.”（他们父母或祖父母与外界联系可能较少、更为孤立，相比之下，这些青少年经常接触到社交圈内外许多人的高光时刻。难怪这一代青少年的自尊和心理健康have taken a hit。）可知，这一代年轻人与外界接触的更多，会看到他人更为丰富、精彩的人生时刻，所以自己的自尊和心理健康会因此受到负面的影响，即容易受到打击。have taken a hit意为“受到打击”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
2、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“This is in cntrast t the kampng spirit f their parents’ and grandparents’ days. Gne is the friendship amng neighburs wh are friendly with ne anther and quick t ffer a helping hand when they see anther in need.”（这与他们父母和祖父母时代的村落精神形成鲜明对比。邻居之间的友谊一去不复返了，他们彼此友好，看到别人需要帮助时迅速伸出援助之手。）可知，村落精神指的是邻里之间彼此友好、互帮互助的精神。因此，与邻居分享食物属于村落精神。故选C。
3、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Lgging nt platfrms where peple f all walks f life gather means that ne is expsed t thse peple and their distinctive ways f life. In cmparisn, the parents r grandparents f this generatin f tens prbably did nt have the same pprtunity t get t knw peple utside f their scial circles at their age, and are thus mre likely t have fixed, steretypical (刻板的) pinins f peple different frm them.”（登录各行各业的人聚集的平台，意味着你接触到了这些人，以及他们独特的生活方式。相比之下，这一代人的父母或祖父母在他们这个年龄可能没有同样的机会去了解他们社交圈之外的人，因此很可能对与他们不同的人有固定的、刻板的看法。）可知，这一代年轻人可以接触更多的人，获得更为丰富的信息，他们父母或祖父母可能会因为相对比较闭塞的环境而固执、刻板，但是他们却不会这样。因此，这一代年轻人能从社交媒体中获益，变得更有见识，更加开明。故选D。
4、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章在讨论当代社交媒体下成长的年轻人，涉及了两个负面的影响和一个积极的影响，具体的讨论中都将年轻人与他们的父母或祖父母放在一起进行比较，第二段的“As cmpared t”、第三段的“in cntrast t”和第四段的“In cmparisn”都是在通过比较说明年轻人的情况。因此，文章主要是通过做比较的方式进行论证的。故选C。
5、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由文章第一段“Ariana Fais has lts f bks n her shelf but ne takes pride f place(显要位置). It’s her wn stry, The Unexpected Friendship, which was published after she wn the Kids News Shrt Stry Cmpetitin a few years back as a Grade 2 student. Nw aged 11 and in Grade 5, Ariana is a writer f stries and petry. As well as her Shrt Stry Cmpetitin victry in 2020, Ariana was a runner-up(亚军) in last year’s event. And she’s already tssing arund(辗转不安) new plt ideas fr this year.(Ariana Fais的书架上有很多书，但有一本书是最引以为豪的。这是她自己的故事《意外的友谊》，几年前她还是一名二年级学生，赢得了儿童新闻短篇小说比赛的冠军后出版。Ariana 现在11岁，上五年级，是一名故事和诗歌作家。除了在2020年的短篇小说比赛中获胜外，Ariana 还在去年的比赛中获得亚军。而且她已经在考虑今年的新情节了。)”可知，作者提到Ariana 是为了吸引大家参与今年的比赛。故选C项。
6、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段“Stries must be between 250 and 750 wrds fr students in Kindergarten t Year 4 and between 500 and 1,000 wrds fr students in Years 5 t 9.(幼儿园至四岁的学生的故事必须在250到750字之间，五岁至九岁的学生必须在500到1000字之间。)”可知，8岁的参赛者小说字数最多1000字。故选D项。
7、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Fr the first time, each age categry winner will als receive a Harper Cllins Children’s Bks Mentrship, which will include persnalized feedback(反馈) n their stry frm the Harper Cllins editrial team and the chance t ask them abut writing and publishing.(每个年龄段的获奖者还将首次获得Harper Cllins儿童图书辅导，其中包括Harper Cllins编辑团队对他们故事的个性化反馈，以及询问他们写作和出版的机会。)”可知，Harper Cllins编辑会与获奖者就写作和出版进行沟通。故选D项。
8、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“After all, her grandmther had a studi where she prduced Guatemalan-style clthing. And, when she was yung, Tejada’s mther gave her fashin magazines t read. (毕竟，她的祖母有一个制作危地马拉风格服装的工作室。小的时候，特哈达的妈妈给她看时尚杂志。)”可知，她家庭的强大影响唤醒了Tejada对时装设计的热爱。 故选B。
9、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“She fell in lve with traditinal Guatemalan patterns and clrs. She explained, “I’m lucky t wrk with traditinal clth, inspired by ur culture and representing ur cuntry.”(她爱上了危地马拉传统的图案和颜色。她解释说：“我很幸运能与传统布料合作，受到我们文化的启发，代表了我们的国家。”)”可知，为娃娃设计衣服增加了Tejada对传统设计风格的兴趣。故选D。
10、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tejada said, “I want peple all ver the wrld t knw my designs and t knw that peple with Dwn syndrme can d what they set ut t d. I want t be able t live n my wn.”(Tejada说：“我想让全世界的人都知道我的设计，让他们知道唐氏综合症患者可以做他们想做的事情。我希望能够独立生活。”)”可推断，Tejada的这段话是想传达她不会让自身的缺陷限制自己。故选A。
11、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Fashin always influences peple, Isabella Springmuhl Tejada frm Guatemala, ne f the first prfessinal fashin designer with Dwn syndrme, is prving that fashin ges beynd nrmal limits. (时尚总是影响着人们，来自危地马拉的Isabella Springmuhl Tejada是第一批患有唐氏综合症的专业时装设计师之一，她证明了时尚超越了正常的限制。)”及全文可知，本文主要叙述了患有唐氏综合症的Tejada从小就想进入时尚领域，后来她克服重重困难，成功把梦想变为现实的故事。所以“A special designer turns her dream int reality.(一位特别的设计师把她的梦想变成了现实。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
12、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Their research makes use f the fact that human speech, like any musical instrument, des nt prduce single frequencies f sunds.(他们的研究利用了这样一个事实，即人类的语言和任何乐器一样，不会产生单一频率的声音)”可知，该研究理论基础是人的语言频率是不同的。故选A项。
13、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The ludness f these harmnics in speech tends t fade as they prceed up the frequency scale. (这些和声在语音中的响度往往会随着它们在频率范围内的上升而减弱)”可知，较高的声音频率会减少人类和声的响度。故选D项。
14、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由文章第四段“By breaking dwn each persn’s speech int its spectrum (声谱) f cmpnent wavelengths, the researchers culd identify the dminant frequency and the harmnics in each case. They then used machine-learning t analyse the relatinships between the ludness f these harmnics and fund patterns that culd distinguish the cld vices frm the healthy vices.(通过将每个人的语音分解为其分量波长谱，研究人员可以识别出每种情况下的主频和和声。然后，他们使用机器学习来分析这些和声的响度之间的关系，并找到了可以区分感冒声音和健康声音的模式)”可知，测试者被要求读寓言是因为可用他们的声音来分析。由此推知，这样做是为了配合该研究。故选D项。
15、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The ludness f these harmnics in speech tends t fade as they prceed up the frequency scale. The team reasned that infectin with a cld might change hw this decline happened.(这些和声在语音中的响度往往会随着它们在频率范围内的上升而减弱。研究小组推断，感染感冒可能会改变这种下降的发生方式)”以及联系上下文可推知，作者想告诉我们声音随着环境的变化而变化。故选C项。
16、答案：DEABG
解析：①根据上文“Withut radar, planes culd nt land safely in bad weather and ships culd nt mve safely in thick fg.(没有雷达，飞机就不能在恶劣天气中安全着陆，船只就不能在浓雾中安全航行)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，说明雷达的重要性，D选项中It指代上文radar。故D选项“因此，它对托运人和旅行者特别有价值”符合语境，故选D。
②根据上文“In the 1800s it was discvered that radi waves culd be reflected frm bjects. But scientists did nt make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the wrld was threatened by war.(在19世纪，人们发现无线电波可以被物体反射。但直到20世纪30年代，当世界受到战争威胁时，科学家们才在雷达研究方面取得了重大进展)”以及后文“It has been used widely in almst every cnflict(冲突) since then.(从那时起，它几乎在每一次冲突中都被广泛使用)”可知，上文提到了雷达研究取得重大进展，后文提到了广泛使用，故本句是在说明雷达被应用的情况，故E选项“在第二次世界大战期间，许多国家有效地使用了雷达”符合语境，故选E。
③根据上文“Eches make it pssible fr radar t wrk. When a beam f radi waves is sent ut, it strikes an bject and returns an ech. This ech is picked up by radar and recrded n a screen similar t televisin screens. On the screen an bserver sees a flash and that can shw the directin and distance f the bject.(回声使雷达工作成为可能。当一束无线电波发出时，它击中一个物体并返回一个回声。这种回声被雷达接收并记录在类似电视屏幕的屏幕上。观察者在屏幕上看到一个闪光，它可以显示物体的方向和距离)”可知，上文提到了在屏幕上观察者会看到一束光，这表明了物体的方向和距离。故空处应该是对测量结果的评价，说明测量的结果是高度准确的。故A选项“现在的测量非常精确”符合语境，故选A。
④根据上文“Airprt cntrl twers use radar t guide planes in fr safe landings. Almst all large ships depend n radar t prevent cllisins with icebergs r ther ships.(机场控制塔使用雷达引导飞机安全着陆。几乎所有的大型船只都依靠雷达来防止与冰山或其他船只相撞)”以及后文“Weather frecasters “see” the size, directin, and speed f strms n radar screens. Astrnmers can even use radar t measure accurately the distance frm the earth t the mn. Thus, the device has helped achieve majr advancements.(天气预报员在雷达屏幕上“看到”风暴的大小、方向和速度。天文学家甚至可以用雷达精确测量地球到月球的距离。因此，该设备帮助实现了重大进步)”可知，此段主要介绍了雷达在不同领域的应用。空处前后都是举例，故本句主要是雷达在其他行业中应用的例子，故B选项“警察用装有雷达的汽车跟踪超速者”符合语境，故选B。
⑤根据后文“It guards us against pssible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missile(弹道导弹) warning systems that can warn us against attacks when missiles are mre than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems can als warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.(它保护我们免受敌人可能的攻击。我们有弹道导弹预警系统，当导弹在1000英里以外的地方袭击时，它可以警告我们。其他雷达系统也可以警告我们敌人的飞机，甚至是间谍空间卫星)” 可知，本段主要讲了雷达也可用于国防领域。故G选项“加强国防是雷达最重要的功能之一”符合语境，故选G。
17、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跳上一辆出租车，我们出发去中央车站。A. accunted解释；B. allwed允许；C. departed离去；D. set设置。根据后文“fr Grand Central Statin”可知，作者的目的地是中央车站，所以是出发去中央车站。depart fr表示“动身去往”。故选C。
18、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正行驶在正确的车道上，突然，一辆黑色的汽车从我们正前方的停车位里窜出来。A. truck卡车；B. car汽车；C. mtrbike摩托车；D. subway地铁。根据后文“The car slipped and nearly missed the ther car!(那辆车滑了一下，差点撞上另一辆车！)”可知，指另一辆汽车，故选B。
19、答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我乘坐的车的出租车司机踩了刹车。A. stepped n踏入；B. carried n继续；C. clicked n点击；D. tk n承担。根据上文“jumped ut f a parking space right in frnt f us”可知，一辆黑色的汽车从他们正前方的停车位里窜出来，司机要踩刹车。故选A。
20、答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：另一辆车的司机怒视着我们，开始对我们大喊大叫。A. smiled at对……微笑；B. stared at凝视；C. glared at怒视；D. glanced at看一下。根据后文“ started yelling at us”可知，另一个车的司机很生气，怒视着他们。故选C。
21、答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是说，他真的很友好。A. lucky幸运的；B. friendly友好的；C. lively活泼的；D. likely可能的。根据上文“My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy.(我的出租车司机只是微笑着向那个人挥了挥手)”可知，面对对方的大喊大叫，司机只是微笑挥手，说明很友好。故选B。
22、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家伙差点毁了你的车。A. stuck卡主；B. tracked跟踪；C. beat打；D. ruined毁灭。结合上文可知，另一辆车突然窜出来差点发生车祸，毁了司机的车，故选D。
23、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人就像垃圾车一样，满载着垃圾到处跑，充满了沮丧、愤怒和失望。A. emtin情感；B. depressin沮丧；C. curisity好奇心；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据后文“full f anger, and full f disappintment”指许多人满载着许多负面情绪，充满了沮丧、愤怒和失望。故选B。
24、答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他们的垃圾堆积起来时，他们需要一个倾倒的地方，如果你让他们倾倒，他们就会倾倒在你身上。A. pushes up突出；B. puts up张贴；C. piles up堆积；D. picks up捡起。根据后文“they need a place t dump it”可知，需要倾倒垃圾，说明垃圾堆积起来了。故选C。
25、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，不要往心里去。A. skip跳过；B. face脸；C. take带走；D. btain获得。根据后文“it persnally”可知为短语take it persnally表示“往心里去”。故选C。
26、答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，只要微笑，挥手，然后继续前进。A. Therefre因此；B. Mrever此外；C. Hwever然而；D. Instead反而。根据后文“just smile, wave, and mve n”可知，面对别人的负面情绪，不要往心里去，反而只要微笑，挥手，然后继续前进。故选D。
27、答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你会因为这样做而更快乐。A. merrier更快乐的；B. warmer更温暖的；C. funnier更有趣的；D. angrier更生气的。结合上文可知，面对别人的负面情绪只是挥手微笑会让人更快乐，故选A。
28、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我多久会把他们的垃圾传染给其他人呢？A. stp停止；B. express表达；C. slide滑行；D. spread传播。根据后文“it nt ther peple”可知，指把情绪垃圾传染给其他人。故选D。
29、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那天，我下定决心：“我不会再这么做了。”A. slved解决；B. claimed声称；C. revised修改；D. reslved下定决心。根据后文“I’m nt ging t d it anymre.(我不会再这么做了)”指作者下定决心不会再把情绪垃圾传给别人，故选D。
30、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到他们负载的东西……我看到他们来把它放下来。A. figure人物；B. line队伍；C. lad负载；D. duty义务。根据上文“Many peple are like Garbage Trucks, running arund full f garbage”指看到他人负载着情绪垃圾，故选C。
31、答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就像我乘坐的车的出租车司机一样，我不会把它当作针对性的事情；我只是微笑，挥手，然后继续生活。A. public公共的；B. persnal针对个人的；C. sincere真诚的；D. psitive积极的。呼应上文“it persnally”指不要把别人的负面情绪当做针对性的个人事件，故选B。
32、答案：①cmparisn②clsely③dynasties④t⑤is wed⑥a⑦what⑧that⑨was named⑩t eat
解析：本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国最受欢迎的小吃之一—肉夹馍的地理和历史意义。①考查名词。句意：尽管它被比作汉堡包，但它承载着更多的地理和历史意义。分析句子，设空处使用cmpare的名词cmparisn作宾语，意为“比较，相提并论”。故填cmparisn。②考查副词。句意：肉夹馍与陕西省中北部城市西安有着密切的联系。分析句子，设空处使用clse的副词clsely作状语，修饰动词，意为“密切地”。故填clsely。③考查名词。句意：自公元前202年以来，西安既是丝绸之路的东端，也是中国13个或多或少连续的朝代的首都。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，dynasty意为“朝代”为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填dynasties。④考查介词。句意：肉夹馍的馅料可以追溯到战国时期。句中date back t为固定短语，意为“追溯于”。故填t。⑤考查动词。句意：一般来说，像肉夹馍这样的中亚风格的面饼传入中国要归功于班超，他花了30多年的时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新控制了中国最遥远的西部地区。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中in general表示的是句子陈述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句中 The intrductin int China f Central Asian-style flatbreads与we之间是被动关系，be wed t意为“被归因于”。故填is wed。⑥考查冠词。句意：同上。句中unin为可数名词，意为“联盟”，此处表示泛指，且首字母的发音为辅音，用a。故填a。⑦考查名词性从句。句意：这种被称为“白芋馍”的馒头得名于今天的北集乡。分析句子，设空处引导的是宾语从句作frm的宾语，从句中引导词作主语，指物用what引导。故填what。⑧考查代词。句意：例如，铜关肉夹馍所用的面饼与西安风味的面饼不同。分析句子，设空处使用代词作宾语，此处指代的是“西安的面饼”表示特指，表示同类不同物用that。故填that。⑨考查动词。句意：铜关肉夹馍得名于一个小镇，在很久以前，它守卫着西安以东约120公里处的一个战略关口。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据that引导的定语从句中的guarded表示动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时。同时Tngguan rujiam与name之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was named。⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管味道鲜美，但在路上吃也是有风险的。句中it is+形容词+t d为固定结构，it为形式主语，不定式结构为真正的主语。故填t eat。
33、答案：
Dear David,
Having reviewed yur initial draft fr the pster design cmpetitin n “Prtecting Wildlife”, I’m writing t ffer sme suggestins fr imprvement.
Yur design seems t lack a message that can mtivate peple t take actin. Additinally, the quality f the images and the cluttered layut need t be imprved.
Therefre, I suggest yu use a cncise and cnvincing message and high-quality images relevant t the theme. Meanwhile, yu’d better simplify the layut by remving sme unnecessary elements that distract attentin frm the message.
I hpe my feedback is helpful. Best f luck with yur design.
解析：1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin →advice
激励：mtivate →inspire
此外：additinally →besides
与……相关：relevant t →related t
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：Therefre, I suggest yu use a cncise and cnvincing message and high-quality images relevant t the theme.
拓展句：Therefre, I make a suggestin that yu use a cncise and cnvincing message and high-quality images relevant t the theme.
34、答案：
I was cmpletely kncked ut by the news. It's impssible fr me t stand n stage and sing by myself. With a glimmer f hpe, I asked her if she culd cme back befre the perfrmance. “Srry my friend, yu might have t g n stage by yurself. I believe yu can make it!” I hung up the phne helplessly when my mm came t me. “Yu certainly can d it well n yur wn. All yu need t d is make yurself cnfident.” Hearing that, I determined t accmplish this perfrmance perfectly, and I wrked day and night n it.
Finally came the big mment. Sitting n pins and needles, I heard the hst call my she t the stage. With butterflies in my stmach, I tk a deep breath .When I stepped nt the stage, I culd feel all the eyes fixed n me. A strng sense f nervusness flded ver me. I started my perfrmance as I usually practised and struggled t vercme my fear. The end f ur perfrmance was met with a mment f surprising silence, and then the audience erupted int thunderus applause. My heart beating wildly, I was ttally immersed in the delight f perfrmance. Nt nly did I get the chance t shine, but I als btain the precius quality: Cnfidence.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这消息使我完全震惊了。”以及第二段首句内容“重要的时刻终于到来了。”可知，第一段可描写作者得知Emma身体不适不能表演，心里忐忑不安，几番思索，决定独自登台。
②由第二段首句内容“重要的时刻终于到来了。”可知，第二段可描写作者鼓起勇气终于战胜了恐惧，歌唱的很好，取得了成功和作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：作者对消息感到惊讶—作者犹豫不决—最终鼓起勇气独自参加了才艺表演—表演取得了成功—作者也克服了恐惧和自我怀疑
3.词汇激活
行为类
①开始：start/cmmence
②阻碍：hld back/discurage
③决定：reslve//be determined t
情绪类
①忧郁的：glmy/depressed
②开心：jy/delight