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北京卷 01-备战2024年新高考英语一轮复习测试卷
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这是一份北京卷 01-备战2024年新高考英语一轮复习测试卷，文件包含高考英语一轮复习测试卷一北京卷解析版docx、高考英语一轮复习测试卷一北京卷考试版docx、高考英语一轮复习测试卷一北京卷答题卡docx等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5份，共15份）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
（2023届北京市东城区高三一模）
Bernard, the 82-year-ld retired plice fficer, was heartbrken when he ____1____ his precius medal. His huse was brken int last December. The thief tk away sme jewelry, sme cash and his treasured medal given fr his 32 years f ____2____ with Liverpl Plice Statin. He believed the medal was gne frever.
Three mnths later, David, a yung vlunteer pulled the medal frm a river in a “ne-in-a-millin” catch. The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) t ____3____ metal rubbish ut f the river fr 30 minutes when he fund a small blue metal bx.
“I wuld have never fund the medal if we hadn’t ____4____ all the rubbish in the river first,” said David. “At first, we fund ld bits f shpping carts and ther metal items but abut half an hur later, I pulled ut the ____5____ , and it’s gt ‘Plice Lng Service Medal’ written n it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆).”
____6____ , the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number, which David used t ____7____ the senir’s phne number nline. The retired plice fficer was ____8____ when he received a call saying the medal had been fund in a river, still in its metal bx. And when he was tld it wuld be ____9____ t him by the yung man wh fund it, his face lit up. David then planned a visit t meet Bernard and returned the medal t him.
“This was truly the best _____10_____ fr cleaning up that rubbish... It’s amazing,” David said.
1. A. damagedB. lstC. sldD. dirtied
2. A. businessB. cmmunicatinC. cperatinD. service
3. A. netB. siteC. cupD. fish
4. A. tackledB. desertedC. recycledD. buried
5. A. magnetB. rubbishC. bxD. jewelry
6. A. ApparentlyB. ThankfullyC. GraduallyD. Cnsequently
7. A. trackB. recallC. recrdD. dial
8. A. nervusB. astnishedC. prudD. embarrassed
9. A. awardedB. submittedC. presentedD. addressed
10. A. driveB. prfC. wishD. reward
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D
【解析】本文为一记叙文。退休警察贝尔纳家遭小偷光顾，丢失的物件包括他珍贵的勋章，三个月后，利物浦参加垃圾清理计划的志愿者大卫在河道清理时，意外打捞到装有勋章的盒子，并按照上面的信息，找到了他，并交还给了他。
1考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝尔纳是一名82岁的退休警察，他失去了珍贵的勋章，伤心欲绝。A. damaged损坏；B. lst丢失；C. sld出售；D. dirtied弄脏。根据第一段“The thief tk away sme jewelry, sme cash and his treasured medal given fr his 32 years f ____2____ with Liverpl Plice Statin. (小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局工作32年而获得的珍贵勋章。)”可知，小偷偷了贝尔纳的勋章，所以贝尔纳失去了（lst）勋章。故选B项。
2考查名词词义辨析。句意：小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局任职32年而获得的珍贵勋章。A. business业务；B. cmmunicatin沟通；C. cperatin合作；D. service服务。根据句中的his treasured medal given fr his 32 years可知，这个勋章是因为他多年的工作而得到的，此处考查名词serve，意为“长期、受到敬重的工作，效劳，服务”，常用名词短语service with…，意为“在……任职，工作”，故选D项。
3考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。A. net净赚；B. site使坐落在；C. cup做成杯状；D. fish搜寻，摸找。此处考查动词短语fish sth ut f sth，意为“从……中取出，拿出，拖出……”，根据上一句“The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。)”，磁铁可以吸附一些金属，故这位年轻人用磁铁吸附河道里的金属垃圾，以清理河道。故选D项。
4考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有先处理河里的所有垃圾，我永远不会找到勋章。A. tackled处理；B. deserted遗弃；C. recycled回收；D. buried掩埋。根据上文“The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) t ____3____ metal rubbish ut f the river fr 30 minutes when he fund a small blue metal bx. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。)”可知，这个垃圾清理计划包括了清理河道里的金属垃圾，tackled符合语境。故选A项。
5考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们发现了购物车和其他金属物品的旧碎片，但大约半小时后，我拽出一个盒子，上面写着“警察长期服务勋章”，真的就像大海捞针一样。A. magnet磁铁；B. rubbish垃圾；C. bx盒子；D. jewelry珠宝。根据下文“The retired plice fficer was ____8____ when he received a call saying the medal had been fund in a river, still in its metal bx. (当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。)”可知，勋章存放在盒子（bx）里。故选C项。
6考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. Apparently显然；B. Thankfully谢天谢地；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Cnsequently因此。能够通过勋章上的信息找到失主，是一件庆幸的事，Thankfully符合语境。故选B项。
7考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. track追查；B. recall回想起；C. recrd记录；D. dial拨号。句中的the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number可知，勋章上的信息方便David追查（track）到失主的电话号码。故选A项。
8考查形容词词义辨析。句意：(当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。A. nervus紧张的；B. astnished惊讶的；C. prud骄傲的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据第一段最后一句“He believed the medal was gne frever. (他以为奖章永远消失了。)”可知，原本伯纳德认为，勋章再也找不回来了，但现在有人打电话告知勋章的下落，他惊讶，在情理之中。故选B项。
9考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他被告知发现它的年轻人将把它交给他时，他的脸上露出了笑容。A. awarded授予；B. submitted屈服；C. presented提交，交给；D. addressed致辞。根据下文“David then planned a visit t meet Bernard and returned the medal t him. (随后，大卫计划去拜访伯纳德，并把奖章还给了他。)”可知，David不但找到了失主，还亲自把勋章交给了（presented）他。故选C项。
10考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实是清理垃圾的最好回报。A. drive驱动；B. prf证明；C. wish愿望；D. reward奖励，回报。根据下文“It’s amazing (这事令人惊奇)”，上文“I pulled ut the ____5____ , and it’s gt ‘Plice Lng Service Medal’ written n it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆). (我拽出一个盒子，上面写着‘警察长期服务勋章’，真的就像大海捞针一样。)”可知，清理河道金属垃圾的过程中，意外发现勋章，并归还失主，实属意料之外的好事，reward符合语境。故选D项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）
(2023届北京市丰台区高三一模)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wang was brn and grew up in America, but she____11____(build) slid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl. She is nw riding a new trend: mixing and matching mdern clthes with traditinal Han dress, r hanfu. She has been psting vides f ____12____ (she) dressed in hanfu n the Internet, which has attracted many fans n Chinese lifestyle. “I lve hanfu. I’ve made many vides,____13____(aim) t help mre peple learn abut it,” Wang tld Beijing Review.
【答案】11. has built 12. herself 13. aiming
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了出生在美国的王女士从小就喜欢中国文化，她经常上传自己穿着汉服的视频，她说她喜欢汉服，想要更多的人了解它。
11考查时态。句意：王女士出生并长在美国，但是从她是个小女孩的时候，她就和中国文化产生了牢固的联系。此处主语为she，build为谓语动词，主语she与build之间为主动关系，且根据后文的时间状语从句since she was a little girl可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has built。
12考查代词。句意：她一直在网上上传她穿着汉服的视频，这吸引了很多喜欢中国生活方式的人。此处f是介词，后跟宾语，且主语为she，此处意为“她自己”，故应用反身代词herself作宾语，故填herself。
13考查现在分词。句意：我录了很多视频，是为了帮助更多的人了解它。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，aim与主语I之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填aiming。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Engineers invented a new device t prduce slar electricity at night. Slar panels transfrm sunlight int energy, s they____14____ (traditinal) wrk nly during daylight hurs. This device, hwever ____15____(use) a thermelectric generatr, which creates energy frm differences in temperature. In this case, cl evening air is a slightly different temperature than the slar cell in the panel. That becmes energy,_____16_____is transfrmed int electricity. The device culd be helpful in areas_____17_____ (lcate) far frm a pwer grid (电网).
【答案】14. traditinally 15. uses 16. which 17. lcated
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了工程师发明了一种在夜间也能生产太阳能电力的设备。
14考查副词。句意：太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量，因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，修饰动词wrk，故应用副词“traditinally传统地”修饰，故填traditinally。
15考查时态。句意：然而，这一设备使用了一个热电发电机，利用温差产生能量。此处this device作主语，为单数，与谓语动词use之间为主动关系，且根据后文的creates可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填uses。
16考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就变成了能量，再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为energy，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导，故填which。
17考查非谓语动词。句意：这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说，是很有帮助的。此处作定语，修饰areas，areas与lcate之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填lcated。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A study shwed hw much dgs lve their wners. In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured hw many tears____18____(prduce) by dgs when they were just spending time at hme with their wners. The team then repeated the experiment, this time with dgs that were reunited with their wners____19____being apart fr five hurs. The results shwed dgs nly shed tears during the reunins. The team nw wants t find ut____20____dgs have a similar emtinal respnse when reunited with ther dgs.
【答案】18. were prduced 19. after 20. whether##if
【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究显示狗狗有多爱它们的主人。在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。结果显示，狗只在团聚时流泪。研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似的情绪反应
18考查时态语态。句意：在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。根据“they were”可知，主句为一般过去时，主语tears与谓语prduce为被动关系。故填were prduced。
19考查介词。句意：然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。根据句意可知，空处填介词after。故填after。
20考查连接词。句意：研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似的情绪反应。find ut后接宾语从句，根据句意可知，表示“是否”，用连接词whether或者if。故填whether/if。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
(2023届北京市房山区高三一模)
T help new students, the Internatinal Business Institute (IBI) plans t set up a buddy (伙伴) peer supprt prject. The prject will help new students meet current students at IBI wh can prvide them with sme friendly cmpany during their first mnths in Newcastle and help them with any small prblems that they may have.
What’s in it fr yu?
We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a vlunteer, it will be persnally satisfying t knw that yu are able t help new students. It will als help yu make cntacts that may be valuable in yur future academic and prfessinal lives. If yu are an verseas student, it will give yu anther pprtunity t practise speaking English.
Respnsibilities f buddies
·Telephne and arrange t make cntact with the new student.
·Meet the student and shw him/her arund the campus and the lcal area. Answer questins abut living in Newcastle and administratin prcedures at IBI.
·Arrange t meet the new student ne mrning r afternn ne weekend early in the semester, and take the student t places that yu enjy in Newcastle.
·Be prepared t take phne calls frm the new student t answer further questins that he/she may have frm time t time. Meet t explain infrmatin t the new student in persn, if required.
·Yu will be matched t an individual new student. Hwever, if yu have friends wh are als buddies, yu might prefer t frm a supprt grup tgether. This wuld mean that yu meet the new students as a grup rather than ne-n-ne.
·Being a buddy is vluntary. There is n “requirement” t prvide assistance beynd the help utlined abve.
Please nte that if yu agree t becme a peer supprt buddy yu will be expected t fulfil yur rle cnscientiusly and cheerfully. It will be imprtant t be cnsiderate and reliable s that the student can feel cnfident in yur supprt.
21. Accrding t the passage, what benefit can yu get frm being a buddy?
A. Yu can learn hw t be a cnfident persn.B. It is easy fr yu t find sme friendly cmpany.
C. Yu can be rewarded with bth mney and prizes.D. It may be helpful fr yur future studies and career.
22. As a buddy, yu need t ________.
A. frm a supprt grup with ther vlunteers at IBI
B. prvide assistance in studying each subject after class
C. meet the new student every mrning early in the semester
D. help the new student get familiar with his r her surrundings
23. What is the authr’s purpse in writing this passage?
A. T intrduce campus life fr new students.
B. T attract ptential vlunteers t be peer supprters.
C. T ffer an pprtunity t practise speaking English.
D. T prvide sme infrmatin abut studying verseas.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的‘帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及其成员的责任。
21细节理解题。根据What’s in it fr yu?部分中“It will als help yu make cntacts that may be valuable in yur future academic and prfessinal lives.(它还会帮助你建立对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系)”可知，成为伙伴帮助者可能对你未来的学习和职业有帮助。故选D。
22细节理解题。根据Respnsibilities f buddies部分第二点中“Meet the student and shw him/her arund the campus and the lcal area.(与学生见面，并带他/她参观校园和当地地区)”可知，作为一名伙伴帮助者，你需要帮助新生熟悉环境。故选D。
23推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“T help new students, the Internatinal Business Institute (IBI) plans t set up a buddy (伙伴) peer supprt prject.(为了帮助新生，国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立‘帮助伙伴项目’)”可知，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的‘帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及其成员的责任，目的是吸引潜在的志愿者成为伙伴帮助者。故选B。
B
(2023届北京市朝阳区高三一模)
I was fur when Dad first shwed me hw t skim stnes, a game in which ne thrws smth flat stnes int a river t make them jump acrss the surface. I’d pass hurs n beaches with my brther, picking up muddy stnes and skimming them. It was satisfying making them dance n the surface. That perfect skim, where the stne glided (滑行), brught me fantastic feelings-and still des. I was a cmpetitive child and gd at thrwing. I enjyed javelin (标枪) and was n a baseball team, but skimming stnes was just fr fun.
In adulthd, things changed. In August 2017, an advertisement fr the All England Open Stne Skimming Champinships drew my attentin. I signed up and paid £2 fr three stnes. I skimmed 28 metres and tried again and again, buying mre stnes t feed my desire, finally reaching 37 metres, which wn me third place. I drve hme excitedly, and £ 20 lighter.
I returned t the 2018 champinship, hping fr a champin. Walking n t the small thrwing platfrm in my trainers, I threw a decent 44 metres and wn. I sptted smene wearing a cmpetitin sweater with “Wrld” written acrss it. “Where’s that?” I asked and he tld me abut the annual Wrld Stne Skimming Champinships in Sctland.
It was a mnth away and a six-hur drive. I thught abut the cst and distance fr weeks until, the day befre the cntest, the feeling f winning made a decisin fr me. “I’m ging. ”I arrived at a htel at 10 pm, but culdn’t sleep fr nerves and excitement. Early the next mrning, I drve t the crssing where the cmpetitrs had begun waiting. Rpes and buys (浮标) marked a 63-metre cuarse. I had n idea if my best scre was gd enugh t win. When my name was called at the prize-giving ceremny that afternn, I was verjyed. I was the wmen’s wrld champin.
I’m a big believer in giving things a g. I’m 42, and t becme a wrld champin at this stage is pretty left-field. It shwed me it was wrth jumping in the car that day, and prf that a childhd spent thrwing muddy stnes frm beaches wasn’t wasted.
24. What did the authr enjy abut the stne skimming as a child?
A. The cmpetitiveness f the sprt.B. The utstanding ability at thrwing.
C. The satisfactin the glide f the stne brings.D. The fun time she spent with her dad at the beach.
25. What mainly helped the authr all the way thrugh every champinship?
A. Her discipline.B. Her desire t win.
C. Her cnfidence.D. Her effrts n training.
26. What can we cnclude frm the passage?
A. Take it easy in face f challenges.B. Change the wrld by being yurself.
C. A bigger stage is ready fr thse wh try.D. Either I will find a way, r I will make ne.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者小时候撇石头的经历帮助作者获得了很多锦标赛大奖。
24细节理解题。根据第一段“It was satisfying making them dance n the surface. That perfect skim, where the stne glided (滑行)，brught me fantastic feelings-and still des.（让他们在水面上跳舞是一种满足。石头滑过的那一段完美的飞掠，给我带来了奇妙的感觉——现在仍然如此。）可知，作者小时候喜欢撇石头是因为石头滑过带来的满足感。故选C项。
25细节理解题。根据第三段“I returned t the 2018 champinship, hping fr a champin.”（我重返2018年的锦标赛，希望能获得冠军）和倒数第二段“the feeling f winning made a decisin fr me.”（胜利的感觉让我做了一个决定）可知，对胜利的渴望帮助作者赢得了每一个冠军。故选B项。
26推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’m a big believer in giving things a g. I’m 42, and t becme a wrld champin at this stage is pretty left-field. It shwed me it was wrth jumping in the car that day-and prf that a childhd spent thrwing muddy stnes frm beaches wasn’t wasted.”（我坚信凡事都要试一试。我已经42岁了，在这个阶段成为世界冠军是相当不可能的。它告诉我，那天跳进车里是值得的，也证明了从海滩上扔泥石的童年没有浪费。）可知，短文叙述了作者小时候撇石头的经历帮助作者获得了很多锦标赛大奖。所以能推理出更大的舞台已经为那些敢于尝试的人准备好了。故选C项。
C
(2023届北京市石景山区一模)
I recently attended a wedding in a rural area in nrth Italy, and guests were prvided with a car and driver fr the 90-minute jurney int the hills. That was exciting: A private car! I culd pretend I was rich! Since I’m nt, thugh, I had n idea hw much this trip actually cst. As a result, after ur driver picked us back up at midnight, I secretly wrried all the way hme abut tipping him.
I fished arund nervusly in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 nte, which I was keeping fr an emergency. I had nthing smaller. And I had nthing else t ffer but tw chclates frm the wedding. S, I culd tip the driver that $100 nte r tw chclates. In the end, I chse the mney.
The whle matter f tipping has lng been a surce f awkward interactins — and, fr sme travellers, mild anxiety — thrughut the wrld. Tipping custms vary wildly frm cuntry t cuntry. A friend in Rme tells me that Italians get hurt by big tips. “Leaving a big tip is cnsidered implite,” she adds, “I’ve had Italian friends make me take mney back.”
It reminded me f my 100-dllar tip. What if I had annyed the driver? S I decided t call the car cmpany and ask them t pass n a message t the driver aplgizing fr the imprper tip and explaining the situatin.
T my surprise, the car cmpany respnded that the driver had actually called t express his gratitude fr the unexpected big tip. He had apparently been having a tugh week and the mney had cme at just the right time.
I was astnished. All my wrry had been fr nthing. What started ut as a surce f anxiety ended up being a heartwarming experience. I learned that smetimes it’s better t g with yur feelings and be generus, even if it means taking a risk.
27. What did the authr realize when she dug arund in her purse?
A. She had spent 100 dllars n emergency.
B. She had t ask the driver fr smaller changes.
C. She had nthing but tw chclates t ffer the driver.
D. She had n smaller ntes and might tip t high r t lw.
28. Why did the authr mentin the tipping in Italy?
A. T cmpare different tipping custms.
B. T share a persnal stry f her friend.
C. T shw the pssibility f upsetting the driver.
D. T demnstrate her rich knwledge n tipping.
29. What was the driver’s respnse t the tipping?
A. He was annyed by the large tip.B. He appreciated the authr’s genersity.
C. He was grateful and refused the mney.D. He was upset by the awkward interactin.
30. What can we cnclude frm the passage?
A. Gd things are pssible when yu fllw yur heart.
B. Yu’d better think carefully befre taking actin.
C. When in Rme, d as the Rmans d.
D. A penny saved is a penny earned.
【答案】27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，作者主要讲述了自己给巨额小费的经历和感悟。
27.细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had nthing smaller. And I had nthing else t ffer but tw chclates frm the wedding. S, I culd tip the driver that $100 nte r tw chclates. (我没有更小的了。除了婚礼上的两块巧克力，我没有别的礼物。所以，我可以给司机100美元或者两块巧克力)”可知，作者翻钱包时发现没有比100美元更小面额的钱，小费只能给100美元或者两块巧克力，而100美元作为小费太多，两块巧克力作为小费又太少。故选D。
28.推理判断题。前两段描述了作者在意大利给司机100美元小费的经历，结合第四段前两句“It reminded me f my 100-dllar tip. What if I had annyed the driver? (这让我想起了我的100美元小费。如果我惹恼了司机怎么办？)”可知，作者提到在意大利给小费的事是为了说明这一举动有可能惹恼了司机。故选C。
29.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“T my surprise, the car cmpany respnded that the driver had actually called t express his gratitude fr the unexpected big tip. (令我惊讶的是，汽车公司回应说，司机实际上是打电话来对意外的巨额小费表示感谢的)”可知，司机感谢作者的慷慨。故选B。
30.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What started ut as a surce f anxiety ended up being a heartwarming experience. I learned that smetimes it’s better t g with yur feelings and be generus, even if it means taking a risk. (一开始是焦虑的来源，最后变成了一次温暖人心的经历。我明白了，有时候跟随自己的感觉、慷慨大方是更好的选择，即使这意味着要承担风险)”可推知，当你跟随自己的内心，好事就有可能发生，故选A。
D
(2023届北京市西城区高三一模)
Technlgy seems t discurage slw, immersive reading. Reading n a screen, particularly a phne screen, tires yur eyes and makes it harder fr yu t keep yur place. S nline writing tends t be mre skimmable and list-like than print. The cgnitive neurscientist Mary Walt argued recently that this “new nrm” f skim reading is prducing “an invisible, game-changing transfrmatin” in hw readers prcess wrds. The neurnal circuit that sustains the brain’s capacity t read nw favrs the rapid absrptin f infrmatin, rather than skills develped by deeper reading, like critical analysis.
We shuldn’t verplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as children as we learn t read mre skillfully. Frm abut the age f nine, ur eyes start t bunce arund the page, reading nly abut a quarter f the wrds prperly, and filling in the gaps by inference. Nr is there anything new in these fears abut declining attentin spans. S far, the anxieties have prved t be false alarms. “Quite a few critics have been wrried abut attentin span lately and see very shrt stries as signs f cultural decline,” the American authr Selvin Brwn wrte. “N ne ever said that pems were evidence f shrt attentin spans.”
And yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. Fr a start, it means that there is mre t read, because mre peple than ever are writing. If yu time travelled just a few decades int the past, yu wuld wnder at hw little writing was happening utside a classrm. And digital writing is meant fr rapid release and respnse. An nline article starts frming a cmment string underneath as sn as it is published. This mde f writing and reading can be interactive and fun. But ften it treats ther peple’s wrds as smething t be quickly harvested as fdder t say smething else. Everyne talks ver the tp f everyne else, desperate t be heard.
Perhaps we shuld slw dwn. Reading is cnstantly prmted as a scial gd and surce f persnal achievement. But this advcacy ften emphasizes “enthusiastic”, “passinate” r “eager” reading, nne f which adjectives suggest slw, quiet absrptin.
T a slw reader, a piece f writing can nly be fully understd by immersing neself in the wrds and their slw cmprehensin f a line f thught. The slw reader is like a swimmer wh stps cunting the number f pl laps he has dne and just enjys hw his bdy feels and mves in water.
The human need fr this kind f deep reading is t tenacius fr any new technlgy t destry. We ften assume that technlgical change can’t be stpped and happens in ne directin, s that lder media like “dead-tree” bks are kicked ut by newer, mre virtual frms. In practice, lder technlgies can cexist with new nes. The Kindle has nt killed ff the printed bk any mre than the car killed ff the bicycle. We still want t enjy slwly-frmed ideas and carefully-chsen wrds. Even in a fast-mving age, there is time fr slw reading.
31. What is the authr’s attitude twards Selvin Brwn’s pinin?
A. Favrable.B. Critical.C. Dubtful.D. Objective.
32. The authr wuld prbably agree that .
A. advcacy f passinate reading helps prmte slw reading
B. digital writing leads t t much speaking and nt enugh reflectin
C. the public shuld be aware f the impact skimming has n neurnal circuits
D. the number f Internet readers is declining due t the advances f technlgy
33. What des the underlined wrd “tenacius” in Paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A. Cmprehensive.B. Cmplicated.C. Determined.D. Apparent.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Slw Reading Is Here t Stay
B. Digital Technlgy Prevents Slw Reading
C. Screen vs. Print: Which Requires Deep Reading?
D. Reading Is Nt a Race: The Wnder f Deep Reading
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者对于慢阅读的看法，指出了慢阅读的重要性和好处，并指出科技不能改变人们对这种深度阅读的需求。
31推理判断题。根据第二段中“Nr is there anything new in these fears abut declining attentin spans. S far, the anxieties have prved t be false alarms. “Quite a few critics have been wrried abut attentin span lately and see very shrt stries as signs f cultural decline,” the American authr Selvin Brwn wrte. “N ne ever said that pems were evidence f shrt attentin spans.”(对注意力持续时间下降的担忧也不是什么新鲜事。到目前为止，焦虑被证明是虚惊一场。美国作家Selvin Brwn写道：“相当多的评论家最近开始担心注意力持续时间，他们认为非常短的故事是文化衰落的标志。从来没有人说过诗歌是注意力持续时间短的证据。”)”可推知，作者对Selvin Brwn的观点持赞成态度。故选A。
32细节理解题。根据第三段“And digital writing is meant fr rapid release and respnse. An nline article starts frming a cmment string underneath as sn as it is published. This mde f writing and reading can be interactive and fun. But ften it treats ther peple’s wrds as smething t be quickly harvested as fdder t say smething else. Everyne talks ver the tp f everyne else, desperate t be heard.(数字写作意味着快速释放和反应。一篇在线文章一经发表，就开始在下面形成一个评论字符串。这种写作和阅读的模式可以是互动的和有趣的。但它经常把别人的话当作可以迅速收获的素材，用来说别的东西。每个人都说得比别人多，渴望被别人听到)”可知，作者认同数字写作导致过多的表达，而缺乏足够的思考。故选B。
33词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The human need fr this kind f deep reading is t”以及后文“fr any new technlgy t destry”可知，t…t…表示“太……以至于不能……”，即人类对这种深度阅读的需求是如此坚定，任何新技术都无法摧毁。故画线词意思是“坚定的”。故选C。
34主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In practice, lder technlgies can cexist with new nes. The Kindle has nt killed ff the printed bk any mre than the car killed ff the bicycle. We still want t enjy slwly-frmed ideas and carefully-chsen wrds. Even in a fast-mving age, there is time fr slw reading.(实际上，旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有消灭纸质书，就像汽车没有消灭自行车一样。我们仍然想要享受缓慢形成的思想和精心选择的词语。即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读)”可知，文章主要论述了作者对于慢阅读的看法，指出了慢阅读的重要性和好处，并指出科技不能改变人们对这种深度阅读的需求。因此A选项“慢阅读将会持续下去”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。
(2023届北京市丰台区高三一模)
Expressive writing r jurnaling is ne way t help yu heal frm trauma (创伤).___35___. It can help yu prcess what yu’ve been thrugh and assist yu as yu envisin a path frward.
Why des a writing interventin wrk?___36___In fact, narrating the stry f an nging anxiety “frees up” cgnitive resurces. When yu write dwn the emtins assciated with a traumatic experience, yu may be changing the way it is rganized in the brain. Yu are then able t detach frm the emtin, making it easier fr yu t talk abut and prcess the event.
Hwever, fr mst peple, the thught f acknwledging emtins and admitting that there’s smething wrng with us is difficult. This is because expressing emtins can bring up feelings f guilt and shame.___37___That is what sets jurnaling apart. This is between yu and yur jurnal — yu dn’t have t share it with anyne unless, f curse, yu chse t.
If yu’re interested in trying ut writing as a tl fr healing, start yur writing by setting a timer fr ten minutes.___38___Think f ne bject in yur hme that signifies a mment fr yu. See it in full clr. Feel the weight f it. Use all yur senses. Nw, write abut that bject and see hw large its meaning can becme.
___39___Hw yu heal frm trauma can be different frm persn t persn as well. It all depends n what wrks best fr yu. Remember, ne size des nt fit all. Writing may nt wrk fr everyne, but yu wn’t knw if yu dn’t try.
A. Despite that, expressive writing remains an accessible tl.
B. Of curse, expressive writing is hardly a panacea (灵丹妙药).
C. Als, seeking help fr emtinal stress is ften seen as a sign f weakness.
D. It may seem abnrmal that writing abut negative experiences has a psitive effect.
E. Once yu have a better handle n yur prblems, yu can mve frward and get n with life.
F. It is writing frm yur heart and mind and abut the emtin assciated with a certain event.
G. Let yur mind g t the detailed, specific mments t get t the feelings and truth f yur experience.
【答案】35. F 36. D 37. C 38. G 39. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一个能帮助人们从创伤中愈合的方法——表达性写作。
35上文“Expressive writing r jurnaling is ne way t help yu heal frm trauma (创伤).(表达性写作或日志是帮助你从创伤中愈合的一种方法)”提到表达性写作，F项“这是发自内心的写作，是关于与某一事件相关的情感”进一步解释表达性写作，符合语境，故选F。
36下文“In fact, narrating the stry f an nging anxiety ‘frees up’ cgnitive resurces.(事实上，讲述一个持续焦虑的故事可以‘释放’认知资源)”是解释为什么写下消极的经历能带来积极的效果，故D项“把消极的经历写下来会有积极的效果，这似乎不正常”符合语境，下文是对D项中看似不正常的现象进行解释。故选D。
37上文“This is because expressing emtins can bring up feelings f guilt and shame.(这是因为表达情绪会带来内疚和羞耻感)”是解释人们很难承认情绪有问题的原因，结合选项，C项“此外，为情绪压力寻求帮助通常被视为软弱的表现”和上文是并列关系，也是描述其原因，故选C。
38上文“If yu’re interested in trying ut writing as a tl fr healing, start yur writing by setting a timer fr ten minutes.(如果你想把写作作为疗伤的工具，那就设置一个十分钟的计时器开始写作吧)”建议开始写作，G项“让你的思绪回到细节、具体的时刻，去感受你的感受和你经历的真相”是描述方法，即如何开始写作，符合语境，G项中的“the detailed, specific mments t get t the feelings”与下文“Think f ne bject in yur hme that signifies a mment fr yu. See it in full clr. Feel the weight f it.(想想你家里的一件对你来说意味着某个时刻的物品。带着满满的趣味去看它。感受它的重量)”呼应。故选G。
39根据本段中“Hw yu heal frm trauma can be different frm persn t persn as well.(如何从创伤中痊愈也因人而异)”及“Writing may nt wrk fr everyne(写作可能不适合所有人)”可知，本段主要讲述写作不是万能的，不是所有人都适合，B项“当然，表达性写作不是灵丹妙药”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
(2023届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Over the years I have been fascinated t read abut studies int the pwer f tuch.
One famus study examined vides f hw peple respnded t thse near them wh had been the victim f a bad frtune. Researchers lked at their interactin with the victim, and cmpared this with behaviur in nn-human primates (灵长类动物). It fund that humans and primates cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate care in a similar way. It makes sense fr me that ffering hugs t calm victims may be an instinct that we gt frm primate ancestrs.
Anther study fund that when the husband r wife f a patient in srrw r discmfrt reaches ut and hlds their hand and, as if by magic, they becme settled and less srrwful. Perhaps we shuldn’t be surprised, as we have knwn fr many years abut the imprtance f tuch. It symblizes safety and lve, and this is actually ne f the mst imprtant aspects fr develpment as a child. Is it any wnder that, when we are upset and distressed as adults, we seek ut the same things? Whether yung r ld, humans are wired t be tuched.
Nevertheless, many peple tday suffer frm “tuch hunger”, which typically ccurs when a persn experiences little tuch r cntact fr a lng time. It serves as a warning that the sense f security and care that cmes with the cntact f tuch is missing. Thus, their well-being can suffer. It is assciated with greater stress, anxiety and lneliness, and lwer-quality sleep.
Actually, even the briefest tuch frm us can bring strng emtinal experiences t the receivers wh suffer frm “tuch hunger”. A warm handshake, a gentle pat n the shulder, r a high-five is ften enugh t cnvey lve and care.
Be a giver!
40. What did the first study find abut tuch?
____________________________________________________________
41. Why is tuch imprtant?
____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Tuch has the great pwer t give peple wh suffer frm “tuch hunger“ strng emtinal experiences, but a brief tuch like a handshake is t light t cnvey lve and care.
____________________________________________________________
43. Apart frm tuch, what ther way(s) d yu ften use t express yur lve and care in yur life?(In abut 40 wrds)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】40. It fund that humans and primates cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate care in a similar way.
41. It symblizes safety and lve which are imprtant t bth children and adults.
42. but a brief tuch like a handshake is t light t cnvey lve and care.
Even a brief tuch like a handshake is enugh t cnvey lve and care.
43. (1) I ften write ntes t peple I lve. Fr example, I ften write ntes t remind my family t put n their cats n cld days, expressing my care and lve. When reading the warm Wrds, they feel lved and cared.
(2) I ften have little cnversatins with my lved nes. Talking with my parents after sch1l can help relieve their tiredness frm wrk. Besides, I prepare gifts fr them n special ccasins. The handmade gifts cnvey my appreciatin fr what they have dne fr me.
【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现，触摸给人带来安全感；当人们难过时，触摸给人以安慰和安定的感觉。
40细节理解题。根据第二段前三句“One famus study examined vides f hw peple respnded t thse near them wh had been the victim f a bad frtune. Researchers lked at their interactin with the victim, and cmpared this with behaviur in nn-human primates (灵长类动物). It fund that humans and primates cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate care in a similar way.(一项著名的研究调查了人们如何回应他们附近遭遇不幸的人的视频。研究人员观察了它们与受害者的互动，并与非人类灵长类动物的行为进行了比较(灵长类动物)。研究发现，人类和灵长类动物以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。)”可知，研究发现，人类和灵长类动物以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。故答案为It fund that humans and primates cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate care in a similar way.
41推理判断题。根据第三段前三句“Anther study fund that when the husband r wife f a patient in srrw r discmfrt reaches ut and hlds their hand and, as if by magic, they becme settled and less srrwful. Perhaps we shuldn’t be surprised, as we have knwn fr many years abut the imprtance f tuch. It symblizes safety and lve, and this is actually ne f the mst imprtant aspects fr develpment as a child. (另一项研究发现，当悲伤或不适的病人的丈夫或妻子伸出手握住他们的手时，就像魔法一样，他们会安定下来，悲伤也会减少。也许我们不应该感到惊讶，因为我们多年来一直知道触摸的重要性。它象征着安全和爱，这实际上是孩子成长过程中最重要的方面之一。)”可知，触摸象征着安全和爱，这对儿童和成人都很重要。故答案为It symblizes safety and lve which are imprtant t bth children and adults.
42细节理解题。根据倒数第二端“Actually, even the briefest tuch frm us can bring strng emtinal experiences t the receivers wh suffer frm “tuch hunger”. A warm handshake, a gentle pat n the shulder, r a high-five is ften enugh t cnvey lve and care.(其实，即使是我们最简单的触碰，也能给“触碰饥饿”的受者带来强烈的情感体验。一个温暖的握手，轻轻拍一下肩膀，或者一个击掌，都足以传达爱和关心。)”可知，即使是一个简单的握手，也能传达爱和关心，因此所给句子中后半部分“but a brief tuch like a handshake is t light t cnvey lve and care”是错的。故答案为：错误部分：but a brief tuch like a handshake is t light t cnvey lve and care. 原因：Even a brief tuch like a handshake is enugh t cnvey lve and care.
43开放题。言之有理即可。例如：除了触摸，我们可以写温暖的字条来鼓励或提醒别人，让他们感到温暖；我们也可以和别人进行简短的对话，嘘寒问暖；我们也可以送别人小礼物来表达我们的关心。40词以内。故答案为：(1) I ften write ntes t peple I lve. Fr example, I ften write ntes t remind my family t put n their cats n cld days, expressing my care and lve. When reading the warm Wrds, they feel lved and cared.或(2) I ften have little cnversatins with my lved nes. Talking with my parents after sch1l can help relieve their tiredness frm wrk. Besides, I prepare gifts fr them n special ccasins. The handmade gifts cnvey my appreciatin fr what they have dne fr me.
第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分)
(2023届北京市房山区高三一模)
44. 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。下周将有一个英国的学生代表团来你校进行为期两天的交流访问，你将作为学生代表致词。请你用英文写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.简要介绍主要活动安排；
3.表达美好祝愿。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear friends,
Welcme t ur schl. I am Li Hua, Chairman f the Student Unin. On behalf f my schl, I will intrduce the main arrangements fr the fllwing tw days.
As scheduled, n the first day, we wuld like t invite yu t take a tur f ur campus, thrugh which yu will get a general idea f ur schl. In the afternn, yu can take part in varius activities such as paper cutting and calligraphy t experience traditinal Chinese culture in persn. On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
Hpe yu enjy yur stay here! Thank yu!
【解析】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生写一篇发言稿，向来校交流的英国的学生代表团表示欢迎，并介绍活动安排。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
代表：On behalf f→ represent
参加：take part in→ jin in/get invlved in
各种各样的：varius→ a variety f/varieties f
惊讶的：amazed→ surprised/astnished
2.句式拓展：
同义句转换
原句：On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
拓展句：Then fllwed the trip t the Frbidden City n the secnd day, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
As scheduled, n the first day, we wuld like t invite yu t take a tur f ur campus, thrugh which yu will get a general idea f ur schl.（运用了介词+which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】
On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.（运用了名词作同位语和where引导非限制性定语从句。）
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5份，共15份）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
（2023届北京市东城区高三一模）
Bernard, the 82-year-ld retired plice fficer, was heartbrken when he ____1____ his precius medal. His huse was brken int last December. The thief tk away sme jewelry, sme cash and his treasured medal given fr his 32 years f ____2____ with Liverpl Plice Statin. He believed the medal was gne frever.
Three mnths later, David, a yung vlunteer pulled the medal frm a river in a “ne-in-a-millin” catch. The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) t ____3____ metal rubbish ut f the river fr 30 minutes when he fund a small blue metal bx.
“I wuld have never fund the medal if we hadn’t ____4____ all the rubbish in the river first,” said David. “At first, we fund ld bits f shpping carts and ther metal items but abut half an hur later, I pulled ut the ____5____ , and it’s gt ‘Plice Lng Service Medal’ written n it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆).”
____6____ , the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number, which David used t ____7____ the senir’s phne number nline. The retired plice fficer was ____8____ when he received a call saying the medal had been fund in a river, still in its metal bx. And when he was tld it wuld be ____9____ t him by the yung man wh fund it, his face lit up. David then planned a visit t meet Bernard and returned the medal t him.
“This was truly the best _____10_____ fr cleaning up that rubbish... It’s amazing,” David said.
1. A. damagedB. lstC. sldD. dirtied
2. A. businessB. cmmunicatinC. cperatinD. service
3. A. netB. siteC. cupD. fish
4. A. tackledB. desertedC. recycledD. buried
5. A. magnetB. rubbishC. bxD. jewelry
6. A. ApparentlyB. ThankfullyC. GraduallyD. Cnsequently
7. A. trackB. recallC. recrdD. dial
8. A. nervusB. astnishedC. prudD. embarrassed
9. A. awardedB. submittedC. presentedD. addressed
10. A. driveB. prfC. wishD. reward
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D
【解析】本文为一记叙文。退休警察贝尔纳家遭小偷光顾，丢失的物件包括他珍贵的勋章，三个月后，利物浦参加垃圾清理计划的志愿者大卫在河道清理时，意外打捞到装有勋章的盒子，并按照上面的信息，找到了他，并交还给了他。
1考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝尔纳是一名82岁的退休警察，他失去了珍贵的勋章，伤心欲绝。A. damaged损坏；B. lst丢失；C. sld出售；D. dirtied弄脏。根据第一段“The thief tk away sme jewelry, sme cash and his treasured medal given fr his 32 years f ____2____ with Liverpl Plice Statin. (小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局工作32年而获得的珍贵勋章。)”可知，小偷偷了贝尔纳的勋章，所以贝尔纳失去了（lst）勋章。故选B项。
2考查名词词义辨析。句意：小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局任职32年而获得的珍贵勋章。A. business业务；B. cmmunicatin沟通；C. cperatin合作；D. service服务。根据句中的his treasured medal given fr his 32 years可知，这个勋章是因为他多年的工作而得到的，此处考查名词serve，意为“长期、受到敬重的工作，效劳，服务”，常用名词短语service with…，意为“在……任职，工作”，故选D项。
3考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。A. net净赚；B. site使坐落在；C. cup做成杯状；D. fish搜寻，摸找。此处考查动词短语fish sth ut f sth，意为“从……中取出，拿出，拖出……”，根据上一句“The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。)”，磁铁可以吸附一些金属，故这位年轻人用磁铁吸附河道里的金属垃圾，以清理河道。故选D项。
4考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有先处理河里的所有垃圾，我永远不会找到勋章。A. tackled处理；B. deserted遗弃；C. recycled回收；D. buried掩埋。根据上文“The yung man was in a litter clean-up prgramme in Liverpl. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) t ____3____ metal rubbish ut f the river fr 30 minutes when he fund a small blue metal bx. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾30分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。)”可知，这个垃圾清理计划包括了清理河道里的金属垃圾，tackled符合语境。故选A项。
5考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们发现了购物车和其他金属物品的旧碎片，但大约半小时后，我拽出一个盒子，上面写着“警察长期服务勋章”，真的就像大海捞针一样。A. magnet磁铁；B. rubbish垃圾；C. bx盒子；D. jewelry珠宝。根据下文“The retired plice fficer was ____8____ when he received a call saying the medal had been fund in a river, still in its metal bx. (当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。)”可知，勋章存放在盒子（bx）里。故选C项。
6考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. Apparently显然；B. Thankfully谢天谢地；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Cnsequently因此。能够通过勋章上的信息找到失主，是一件庆幸的事，Thankfully符合语境。故选B项。
7考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了这位前辈的电话号码。A. track追查；B. recall回想起；C. recrd记录；D. dial拨号。句中的the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number可知，勋章上的信息方便David追查（track）到失主的电话号码。故选A项。
8考查形容词词义辨析。句意：(当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。A. nervus紧张的；B. astnished惊讶的；C. prud骄傲的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据第一段最后一句“He believed the medal was gne frever. (他以为奖章永远消失了。)”可知，原本伯纳德认为，勋章再也找不回来了，但现在有人打电话告知勋章的下落，他惊讶，在情理之中。故选B项。
9考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他被告知发现它的年轻人将把它交给他时，他的脸上露出了笑容。A. awarded授予；B. submitted屈服；C. presented提交，交给；D. addressed致辞。根据下文“David then planned a visit t meet Bernard and returned the medal t him. (随后，大卫计划去拜访伯纳德，并把奖章还给了他。)”可知，David不但找到了失主，还亲自把勋章交给了（presented）他。故选C项。
10考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实是清理垃圾的最好回报。A. drive驱动；B. prf证明；C. wish愿望；D. reward奖励，回报。根据下文“It’s amazing (这事令人惊奇)”，上文“I pulled ut the ____5____ , and it’s gt ‘Plice Lng Service Medal’ written n it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆). (我拽出一个盒子，上面写着‘警察长期服务勋章’，真的就像大海捞针一样。)”可知，清理河道金属垃圾的过程中，意外发现勋章，并归还失主，实属意料之外的好事，reward符合语境。故选D项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）
(2023届北京市丰台区高三一模)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wang was brn and grew up in America, but she____11____(build) slid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl. She is nw riding a new trend: mixing and matching mdern clthes with traditinal Han dress, r hanfu. She has been psting vides f ____12____ (she) dressed in hanfu n the Internet, which has attracted many fans n Chinese lifestyle. “I lve hanfu. I’ve made many vides,____13____(aim) t help mre peple learn abut it,” Wang tld Beijing Review.
【答案】11. has built 12. herself 13. aiming
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了出生在美国的王女士从小就喜欢中国文化，她经常上传自己穿着汉服的视频，她说她喜欢汉服，想要更多的人了解它。
11考查时态。句意：王女士出生并长在美国，但是从她是个小女孩的时候，她就和中国文化产生了牢固的联系。此处主语为she，build为谓语动词，主语she与build之间为主动关系，且根据后文的时间状语从句since she was a little girl可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has built。
12考查代词。句意：她一直在网上上传她穿着汉服的视频，这吸引了很多喜欢中国生活方式的人。此处f是介词，后跟宾语，且主语为she，此处意为“她自己”，故应用反身代词herself作宾语，故填herself。
13考查现在分词。句意：我录了很多视频，是为了帮助更多的人了解它。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，aim与主语I之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填aiming。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Engineers invented a new device t prduce slar electricity at night. Slar panels transfrm sunlight int energy, s they____14____ (traditinal) wrk nly during daylight hurs. This device, hwever ____15____(use) a thermelectric generatr, which creates energy frm differences in temperature. In this case, cl evening air is a slightly different temperature than the slar cell in the panel. That becmes energy,_____16_____is transfrmed int electricity. The device culd be helpful in areas_____17_____ (lcate) far frm a pwer grid (电网).
【答案】14. traditinally 15. uses 16. which 17. lcated
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了工程师发明了一种在夜间也能生产太阳能电力的设备。
14考查副词。句意：太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量，因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，修饰动词wrk，故应用副词“traditinally传统地”修饰，故填traditinally。
15考查时态。句意：然而，这一设备使用了一个热电发电机，利用温差产生能量。此处this device作主语，为单数，与谓语动词use之间为主动关系，且根据后文的creates可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填uses。
16考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就变成了能量，再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为energy，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导，故填which。
17考查非谓语动词。句意：这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说，是很有帮助的。此处作定语，修饰areas，areas与lcate之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填lcated。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A study shwed hw much dgs lve their wners. In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured hw many tears____18____(prduce) by dgs when they were just spending time at hme with their wners. The team then repeated the experiment, this time with dgs that were reunited with their wners____19____being apart fr five hurs. The results shwed dgs nly shed tears during the reunins. The team nw wants t find ut____20____dgs have a similar emtinal respnse when reunited with ther dgs.
【答案】18. were prduced 19. after 20. whether##if
【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究显示狗狗有多爱它们的主人。在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。结果显示，狗只在团聚时流泪。研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似的情绪反应
18考查时态语态。句意：在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。根据“they were”可知，主句为一般过去时，主语tears与谓语prduce为被动关系。故填were prduced。
19考查介词。句意：然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。根据句意可知，空处填介词after。故填after。
20考查连接词。句意：研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似的情绪反应。find ut后接宾语从句，根据句意可知，表示“是否”，用连接词whether或者if。故填whether/if。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
(2023届北京市房山区高三一模)
T help new students, the Internatinal Business Institute (IBI) plans t set up a buddy (伙伴) peer supprt prject. The prject will help new students meet current students at IBI wh can prvide them with sme friendly cmpany during their first mnths in Newcastle and help them with any small prblems that they may have.
What’s in it fr yu?
We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a vlunteer, it will be persnally satisfying t knw that yu are able t help new students. It will als help yu make cntacts that may be valuable in yur future academic and prfessinal lives. If yu are an verseas student, it will give yu anther pprtunity t practise speaking English.
Respnsibilities f buddies
·Telephne and arrange t make cntact with the new student.
·Meet the student and shw him/her arund the campus and the lcal area. Answer questins abut living in Newcastle and administratin prcedures at IBI.
·Arrange t meet the new student ne mrning r afternn ne weekend early in the semester, and take the student t places that yu enjy in Newcastle.
·Be prepared t take phne calls frm the new student t answer further questins that he/she may have frm time t time. Meet t explain infrmatin t the new student in persn, if required.
·Yu will be matched t an individual new student. Hwever, if yu have friends wh are als buddies, yu might prefer t frm a supprt grup tgether. This wuld mean that yu meet the new students as a grup rather than ne-n-ne.
·Being a buddy is vluntary. There is n “requirement” t prvide assistance beynd the help utlined abve.
Please nte that if yu agree t becme a peer supprt buddy yu will be expected t fulfil yur rle cnscientiusly and cheerfully. It will be imprtant t be cnsiderate and reliable s that the student can feel cnfident in yur supprt.
21. Accrding t the passage, what benefit can yu get frm being a buddy?
A. Yu can learn hw t be a cnfident persn.B. It is easy fr yu t find sme friendly cmpany.
C. Yu can be rewarded with bth mney and prizes.D. It may be helpful fr yur future studies and career.
22. As a buddy, yu need t ________.
A. frm a supprt grup with ther vlunteers at IBI
B. prvide assistance in studying each subject after class
C. meet the new student every mrning early in the semester
D. help the new student get familiar with his r her surrundings
23. What is the authr’s purpse in writing this passage?
A. T intrduce campus life fr new students.
B. T attract ptential vlunteers t be peer supprters.
C. T ffer an pprtunity t practise speaking English.
D. T prvide sme infrmatin abut studying verseas.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的‘帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及其成员的责任。
21细节理解题。根据What’s in it fr yu?部分中“It will als help yu make cntacts that may be valuable in yur future academic and prfessinal lives.(它还会帮助你建立对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系)”可知，成为伙伴帮助者可能对你未来的学习和职业有帮助。故选D。
22细节理解题。根据Respnsibilities f buddies部分第二点中“Meet the student and shw him/her arund the campus and the lcal area.(与学生见面，并带他/她参观校园和当地地区)”可知，作为一名伙伴帮助者，你需要帮助新生熟悉环境。故选D。
23推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“T help new students, the Internatinal Business Institute (IBI) plans t set up a buddy (伙伴) peer supprt prject.(为了帮助新生，国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立‘帮助伙伴项目’)”可知，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的‘帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及其成员的责任，目的是吸引潜在的志愿者成为伙伴帮助者。故选B。
B
(2023届北京市朝阳区高三一模)
I was fur when Dad first shwed me hw t skim stnes, a game in which ne thrws smth flat stnes int a river t make them jump acrss the surface. I’d pass hurs n beaches with my brther, picking up muddy stnes and skimming them. It was satisfying making them dance n the surface. That perfect skim, where the stne glided (滑行), brught me fantastic feelings-and still des. I was a cmpetitive child and gd at thrwing. I enjyed javelin (标枪) and was n a baseball team, but skimming stnes was just fr fun.
In adulthd, things changed. In August 2017, an advertisement fr the All England Open Stne Skimming Champinships drew my attentin. I signed up and paid £2 fr three stnes. I skimmed 28 metres and tried again and again, buying mre stnes t feed my desire, finally reaching 37 metres, which wn me third place. I drve hme excitedly, and £ 20 lighter.
I returned t the 2018 champinship, hping fr a champin. Walking n t the small thrwing platfrm in my trainers, I threw a decent 44 metres and wn. I sptted smene wearing a cmpetitin sweater with “Wrld” written acrss it. “Where’s that?” I asked and he tld me abut the annual Wrld Stne Skimming Champinships in Sctland.
It was a mnth away and a six-hur drive. I thught abut the cst and distance fr weeks until, the day befre the cntest, the feeling f winning made a decisin fr me. “I’m ging. ”I arrived at a htel at 10 pm, but culdn’t sleep fr nerves and excitement. Early the next mrning, I drve t the crssing where the cmpetitrs had begun waiting. Rpes and buys (浮标) marked a 63-metre cuarse. I had n idea if my best scre was gd enugh t win. When my name was called at the prize-giving ceremny that afternn, I was verjyed. I was the wmen’s wrld champin.
I’m a big believer in giving things a g. I’m 42, and t becme a wrld champin at this stage is pretty left-field. It shwed me it was wrth jumping in the car that day, and prf that a childhd spent thrwing muddy stnes frm beaches wasn’t wasted.
24. What did the authr enjy abut the stne skimming as a child?
A. The cmpetitiveness f the sprt.B. The utstanding ability at thrwing.
C. The satisfactin the glide f the stne brings.D. The fun time she spent with her dad at the beach.
25. What mainly helped the authr all the way thrugh every champinship?
A. Her discipline.B. Her desire t win.
C. Her cnfidence.D. Her effrts n training.
26. What can we cnclude frm the passage?
A. Take it easy in face f challenges.B. Change the wrld by being yurself.
C. A bigger stage is ready fr thse wh try.D. Either I will find a way, r I will make ne.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者小时候撇石头的经历帮助作者获得了很多锦标赛大奖。
24细节理解题。根据第一段“It was satisfying making them dance n the surface. That perfect skim, where the stne glided (滑行)，brught me fantastic feelings-and still des.（让他们在水面上跳舞是一种满足。石头滑过的那一段完美的飞掠，给我带来了奇妙的感觉——现在仍然如此。）可知，作者小时候喜欢撇石头是因为石头滑过带来的满足感。故选C项。
25细节理解题。根据第三段“I returned t the 2018 champinship, hping fr a champin.”（我重返2018年的锦标赛，希望能获得冠军）和倒数第二段“the feeling f winning made a decisin fr me.”（胜利的感觉让我做了一个决定）可知，对胜利的渴望帮助作者赢得了每一个冠军。故选B项。
26推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’m a big believer in giving things a g. I’m 42, and t becme a wrld champin at this stage is pretty left-field. It shwed me it was wrth jumping in the car that day-and prf that a childhd spent thrwing muddy stnes frm beaches wasn’t wasted.”（我坚信凡事都要试一试。我已经42岁了，在这个阶段成为世界冠军是相当不可能的。它告诉我，那天跳进车里是值得的，也证明了从海滩上扔泥石的童年没有浪费。）可知，短文叙述了作者小时候撇石头的经历帮助作者获得了很多锦标赛大奖。所以能推理出更大的舞台已经为那些敢于尝试的人准备好了。故选C项。
C
(2023届北京市石景山区一模)
I recently attended a wedding in a rural area in nrth Italy, and guests were prvided with a car and driver fr the 90-minute jurney int the hills. That was exciting: A private car! I culd pretend I was rich! Since I’m nt, thugh, I had n idea hw much this trip actually cst. As a result, after ur driver picked us back up at midnight, I secretly wrried all the way hme abut tipping him.
I fished arund nervusly in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 nte, which I was keeping fr an emergency. I had nthing smaller. And I had nthing else t ffer but tw chclates frm the wedding. S, I culd tip the driver that $100 nte r tw chclates. In the end, I chse the mney.
The whle matter f tipping has lng been a surce f awkward interactins — and, fr sme travellers, mild anxiety — thrughut the wrld. Tipping custms vary wildly frm cuntry t cuntry. A friend in Rme tells me that Italians get hurt by big tips. “Leaving a big tip is cnsidered implite,” she adds, “I’ve had Italian friends make me take mney back.”
It reminded me f my 100-dllar tip. What if I had annyed the driver? S I decided t call the car cmpany and ask them t pass n a message t the driver aplgizing fr the imprper tip and explaining the situatin.
T my surprise, the car cmpany respnded that the driver had actually called t express his gratitude fr the unexpected big tip. He had apparently been having a tugh week and the mney had cme at just the right time.
I was astnished. All my wrry had been fr nthing. What started ut as a surce f anxiety ended up being a heartwarming experience. I learned that smetimes it’s better t g with yur feelings and be generus, even if it means taking a risk.
27. What did the authr realize when she dug arund in her purse?
A. She had spent 100 dllars n emergency.
B. She had t ask the driver fr smaller changes.
C. She had nthing but tw chclates t ffer the driver.
D. She had n smaller ntes and might tip t high r t lw.
28. Why did the authr mentin the tipping in Italy?
A. T cmpare different tipping custms.
B. T share a persnal stry f her friend.
C. T shw the pssibility f upsetting the driver.
D. T demnstrate her rich knwledge n tipping.
29. What was the driver’s respnse t the tipping?
A. He was annyed by the large tip.B. He appreciated the authr’s genersity.
C. He was grateful and refused the mney.D. He was upset by the awkward interactin.
30. What can we cnclude frm the passage?
A. Gd things are pssible when yu fllw yur heart.
B. Yu’d better think carefully befre taking actin.
C. When in Rme, d as the Rmans d.
D. A penny saved is a penny earned.
【答案】27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，作者主要讲述了自己给巨额小费的经历和感悟。
27.细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had nthing smaller. And I had nthing else t ffer but tw chclates frm the wedding. S, I culd tip the driver that $100 nte r tw chclates. (我没有更小的了。除了婚礼上的两块巧克力，我没有别的礼物。所以，我可以给司机100美元或者两块巧克力)”可知，作者翻钱包时发现没有比100美元更小面额的钱，小费只能给100美元或者两块巧克力，而100美元作为小费太多，两块巧克力作为小费又太少。故选D。
28.推理判断题。前两段描述了作者在意大利给司机100美元小费的经历，结合第四段前两句“It reminded me f my 100-dllar tip. What if I had annyed the driver? (这让我想起了我的100美元小费。如果我惹恼了司机怎么办？)”可知，作者提到在意大利给小费的事是为了说明这一举动有可能惹恼了司机。故选C。
29.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“T my surprise, the car cmpany respnded that the driver had actually called t express his gratitude fr the unexpected big tip. (令我惊讶的是，汽车公司回应说，司机实际上是打电话来对意外的巨额小费表示感谢的)”可知，司机感谢作者的慷慨。故选B。
30.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What started ut as a surce f anxiety ended up being a heartwarming experience. I learned that smetimes it’s better t g with yur feelings and be generus, even if it means taking a risk. (一开始是焦虑的来源，最后变成了一次温暖人心的经历。我明白了，有时候跟随自己的感觉、慷慨大方是更好的选择，即使这意味着要承担风险)”可推知，当你跟随自己的内心，好事就有可能发生，故选A。
D
(2023届北京市西城区高三一模)
Technlgy seems t discurage slw, immersive reading. Reading n a screen, particularly a phne screen, tires yur eyes and makes it harder fr yu t keep yur place. S nline writing tends t be mre skimmable and list-like than print. The cgnitive neurscientist Mary Walt argued recently that this “new nrm” f skim reading is prducing “an invisible, game-changing transfrmatin” in hw readers prcess wrds. The neurnal circuit that sustains the brain’s capacity t read nw favrs the rapid absrptin f infrmatin, rather than skills develped by deeper reading, like critical analysis.
We shuldn’t verplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as children as we learn t read mre skillfully. Frm abut the age f nine, ur eyes start t bunce arund the page, reading nly abut a quarter f the wrds prperly, and filling in the gaps by inference. Nr is there anything new in these fears abut declining attentin spans. S far, the anxieties have prved t be false alarms. “Quite a few critics have been wrried abut attentin span lately and see very shrt stries as signs f cultural decline,” the American authr Selvin Brwn wrte. “N ne ever said that pems were evidence f shrt attentin spans.”
And yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. Fr a start, it means that there is mre t read, because mre peple than ever are writing. If yu time travelled just a few decades int the past, yu wuld wnder at hw little writing was happening utside a classrm. And digital writing is meant fr rapid release and respnse. An nline article starts frming a cmment string underneath as sn as it is published. This mde f writing and reading can be interactive and fun. But ften it treats ther peple’s wrds as smething t be quickly harvested as fdder t say smething else. Everyne talks ver the tp f everyne else, desperate t be heard.
Perhaps we shuld slw dwn. Reading is cnstantly prmted as a scial gd and surce f persnal achievement. But this advcacy ften emphasizes “enthusiastic”, “passinate” r “eager” reading, nne f which adjectives suggest slw, quiet absrptin.
T a slw reader, a piece f writing can nly be fully understd by immersing neself in the wrds and their slw cmprehensin f a line f thught. The slw reader is like a swimmer wh stps cunting the number f pl laps he has dne and just enjys hw his bdy feels and mves in water.
The human need fr this kind f deep reading is t tenacius fr any new technlgy t destry. We ften assume that technlgical change can’t be stpped and happens in ne directin, s that lder media like “dead-tree” bks are kicked ut by newer, mre virtual frms. In practice, lder technlgies can cexist with new nes. The Kindle has nt killed ff the printed bk any mre than the car killed ff the bicycle. We still want t enjy slwly-frmed ideas and carefully-chsen wrds. Even in a fast-mving age, there is time fr slw reading.
31. What is the authr’s attitude twards Selvin Brwn’s pinin?
A. Favrable.B. Critical.C. Dubtful.D. Objective.
32. The authr wuld prbably agree that .
A. advcacy f passinate reading helps prmte slw reading
B. digital writing leads t t much speaking and nt enugh reflectin
C. the public shuld be aware f the impact skimming has n neurnal circuits
D. the number f Internet readers is declining due t the advances f technlgy
33. What des the underlined wrd “tenacius” in Paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A. Cmprehensive.B. Cmplicated.C. Determined.D. Apparent.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Slw Reading Is Here t Stay
B. Digital Technlgy Prevents Slw Reading
C. Screen vs. Print: Which Requires Deep Reading?
D. Reading Is Nt a Race: The Wnder f Deep Reading
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者对于慢阅读的看法，指出了慢阅读的重要性和好处，并指出科技不能改变人们对这种深度阅读的需求。
31推理判断题。根据第二段中“Nr is there anything new in these fears abut declining attentin spans. S far, the anxieties have prved t be false alarms. “Quite a few critics have been wrried abut attentin span lately and see very shrt stries as signs f cultural decline,” the American authr Selvin Brwn wrte. “N ne ever said that pems were evidence f shrt attentin spans.”(对注意力持续时间下降的担忧也不是什么新鲜事。到目前为止，焦虑被证明是虚惊一场。美国作家Selvin Brwn写道：“相当多的评论家最近开始担心注意力持续时间，他们认为非常短的故事是文化衰落的标志。从来没有人说过诗歌是注意力持续时间短的证据。”)”可推知，作者对Selvin Brwn的观点持赞成态度。故选A。
32细节理解题。根据第三段“And digital writing is meant fr rapid release and respnse. An nline article starts frming a cmment string underneath as sn as it is published. This mde f writing and reading can be interactive and fun. But ften it treats ther peple’s wrds as smething t be quickly harvested as fdder t say smething else. Everyne talks ver the tp f everyne else, desperate t be heard.(数字写作意味着快速释放和反应。一篇在线文章一经发表，就开始在下面形成一个评论字符串。这种写作和阅读的模式可以是互动的和有趣的。但它经常把别人的话当作可以迅速收获的素材，用来说别的东西。每个人都说得比别人多，渴望被别人听到)”可知，作者认同数字写作导致过多的表达，而缺乏足够的思考。故选B。
33词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The human need fr this kind f deep reading is t”以及后文“fr any new technlgy t destry”可知，t…t…表示“太……以至于不能……”，即人类对这种深度阅读的需求是如此坚定，任何新技术都无法摧毁。故画线词意思是“坚定的”。故选C。
34主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In practice, lder technlgies can cexist with new nes. The Kindle has nt killed ff the printed bk any mre than the car killed ff the bicycle. We still want t enjy slwly-frmed ideas and carefully-chsen wrds. Even in a fast-mving age, there is time fr slw reading.(实际上，旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有消灭纸质书，就像汽车没有消灭自行车一样。我们仍然想要享受缓慢形成的思想和精心选择的词语。即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读)”可知，文章主要论述了作者对于慢阅读的看法，指出了慢阅读的重要性和好处，并指出科技不能改变人们对这种深度阅读的需求。因此A选项“慢阅读将会持续下去”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。
(2023届北京市丰台区高三一模)
Expressive writing r jurnaling is ne way t help yu heal frm trauma (创伤).___35___. It can help yu prcess what yu’ve been thrugh and assist yu as yu envisin a path frward.
Why des a writing interventin wrk?___36___In fact, narrating the stry f an nging anxiety “frees up” cgnitive resurces. When yu write dwn the emtins assciated with a traumatic experience, yu may be changing the way it is rganized in the brain. Yu are then able t detach frm the emtin, making it easier fr yu t talk abut and prcess the event.
Hwever, fr mst peple, the thught f acknwledging emtins and admitting that there’s smething wrng with us is difficult. This is because expressing emtins can bring up feelings f guilt and shame.___37___That is what sets jurnaling apart. This is between yu and yur jurnal — yu dn’t have t share it with anyne unless, f curse, yu chse t.
If yu’re interested in trying ut writing as a tl fr healing, start yur writing by setting a timer fr ten minutes.___38___Think f ne bject in yur hme that signifies a mment fr yu. See it in full clr. Feel the weight f it. Use all yur senses. Nw, write abut that bject and see hw large its meaning can becme.
___39___Hw yu heal frm trauma can be different frm persn t persn as well. It all depends n what wrks best fr yu. Remember, ne size des nt fit all. Writing may nt wrk fr everyne, but yu wn’t knw if yu dn’t try.
A. Despite that, expressive writing remains an accessible tl.
B. Of curse, expressive writing is hardly a panacea (灵丹妙药).
C. Als, seeking help fr emtinal stress is ften seen as a sign f weakness.
D. It may seem abnrmal that writing abut negative experiences has a psitive effect.
E. Once yu have a better handle n yur prblems, yu can mve frward and get n with life.
F. It is writing frm yur heart and mind and abut the emtin assciated with a certain event.
G. Let yur mind g t the detailed, specific mments t get t the feelings and truth f yur experience.
【答案】35. F 36. D 37. C 38. G 39. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一个能帮助人们从创伤中愈合的方法——表达性写作。
35上文“Expressive writing r jurnaling is ne way t help yu heal frm trauma (创伤).(表达性写作或日志是帮助你从创伤中愈合的一种方法)”提到表达性写作，F项“这是发自内心的写作，是关于与某一事件相关的情感”进一步解释表达性写作，符合语境，故选F。
36下文“In fact, narrating the stry f an nging anxiety ‘frees up’ cgnitive resurces.(事实上，讲述一个持续焦虑的故事可以‘释放’认知资源)”是解释为什么写下消极的经历能带来积极的效果，故D项“把消极的经历写下来会有积极的效果，这似乎不正常”符合语境，下文是对D项中看似不正常的现象进行解释。故选D。
37上文“This is because expressing emtins can bring up feelings f guilt and shame.(这是因为表达情绪会带来内疚和羞耻感)”是解释人们很难承认情绪有问题的原因，结合选项，C项“此外，为情绪压力寻求帮助通常被视为软弱的表现”和上文是并列关系，也是描述其原因，故选C。
38上文“If yu’re interested in trying ut writing as a tl fr healing, start yur writing by setting a timer fr ten minutes.(如果你想把写作作为疗伤的工具，那就设置一个十分钟的计时器开始写作吧)”建议开始写作，G项“让你的思绪回到细节、具体的时刻，去感受你的感受和你经历的真相”是描述方法，即如何开始写作，符合语境，G项中的“the detailed, specific mments t get t the feelings”与下文“Think f ne bject in yur hme that signifies a mment fr yu. See it in full clr. Feel the weight f it.(想想你家里的一件对你来说意味着某个时刻的物品。带着满满的趣味去看它。感受它的重量)”呼应。故选G。
39根据本段中“Hw yu heal frm trauma can be different frm persn t persn as well.(如何从创伤中痊愈也因人而异)”及“Writing may nt wrk fr everyne(写作可能不适合所有人)”可知，本段主要讲述写作不是万能的，不是所有人都适合，B项“当然，表达性写作不是灵丹妙药”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
(2023届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Over the years I have been fascinated t read abut studies int the pwer f tuch.
One famus study examined vides f hw peple respnded t thse near them wh had been the victim f a bad frtune. Researchers lked at their interactin with the victim, and cmpared this with behaviur in nn-human primates (灵长类动物). It fund that humans and primates cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate care in a similar way. It makes sense fr me that ffering hugs t calm victims may be an instinct that we gt frm primate ancestrs.
Anther study fund that when the husband r wife f a patient in srrw r discmfrt reaches ut and hlds their hand and, as if by magic, they becme settled and less srrwful. Perhaps we shuldn’t be surprised, as we have knwn fr many years abut the imprtance f tuch. It symblizes safety and lve, and this is actually ne f the mst imprtant aspects fr develpment as a child. Is it any wnder that, when we are upset and distressed as adults, we seek ut the same things? Whether yung r ld, humans are wired t be tuched.
Nevertheless, many peple tday suffer frm “tuch hunger”, which typically ccurs when a persn experiences little tuch r cntact fr a lng time. It serves as a warning that the sense f security and care that cmes with the cntact f tuch is missing. Thus, their well-being can suffer. It is assciated with greater stress, anxiety and lneliness, and lwer-quality sleep.
Actually, even the briefest tuch frm us can bring strng emtinal experiences t the receivers wh suffer frm “tuch hunger”. A warm handshake, a gentle pat n the shulder, r a high-five is ften enugh t cnvey lve and care.
Be a giver!
40. What did the first study find abut tuch?
____________________________________________________________
41. Why is tuch imprtant?
____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Tuch has the great pwer t give peple wh suffer frm “tuch hunger“ strng emtinal experiences, but a brief tuch like a handshake is t light t cnvey lve and care.
____________________________________________________________
43. Apart frm tuch, what ther way(s) d yu ften use t express yur lve and care in yur life?(In abut 40 wrds)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】40. It fund that humans and primates cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate care in a similar way.
41. It symblizes safety and lve which are imprtant t bth children and adults.
42. but a brief tuch like a handshake is t light t cnvey lve and care.
Even a brief tuch like a handshake is enugh t cnvey lve and care.
43. (1) I ften write ntes t peple I lve. Fr example, I ften write ntes t remind my family t put n their cats n cld days, expressing my care and lve. When reading the warm Wrds, they feel lved and cared.
(2) I ften have little cnversatins with my lved nes. Talking with my parents after sch1l can help relieve their tiredness frm wrk. Besides, I prepare gifts fr them n special ccasins. The handmade gifts cnvey my appreciatin fr what they have dne fr me.
【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现，触摸给人带来安全感；当人们难过时，触摸给人以安慰和安定的感觉。
40细节理解题。根据第二段前三句“One famus study examined vides f hw peple respnded t thse near them wh had been the victim f a bad frtune. Researchers lked at their interactin with the victim, and cmpared this with behaviur in nn-human primates (灵长类动物). It fund that humans and primates cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate care in a similar way.(一项著名的研究调查了人们如何回应他们附近遭遇不幸的人的视频。研究人员观察了它们与受害者的互动，并与非人类灵长类动物的行为进行了比较(灵长类动物)。研究发现，人类和灵长类动物以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。)”可知，研究发现，人类和灵长类动物以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。故答案为It fund that humans and primates cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate care in a similar way.
41推理判断题。根据第三段前三句“Anther study fund that when the husband r wife f a patient in srrw r discmfrt reaches ut and hlds their hand and, as if by magic, they becme settled and less srrwful. Perhaps we shuldn’t be surprised, as we have knwn fr many years abut the imprtance f tuch. It symblizes safety and lve, and this is actually ne f the mst imprtant aspects fr develpment as a child. (另一项研究发现，当悲伤或不适的病人的丈夫或妻子伸出手握住他们的手时，就像魔法一样，他们会安定下来，悲伤也会减少。也许我们不应该感到惊讶，因为我们多年来一直知道触摸的重要性。它象征着安全和爱，这实际上是孩子成长过程中最重要的方面之一。)”可知，触摸象征着安全和爱，这对儿童和成人都很重要。故答案为It symblizes safety and lve which are imprtant t bth children and adults.
42细节理解题。根据倒数第二端“Actually, even the briefest tuch frm us can bring strng emtinal experiences t the receivers wh suffer frm “tuch hunger”. A warm handshake, a gentle pat n the shulder, r a high-five is ften enugh t cnvey lve and care.(其实，即使是我们最简单的触碰，也能给“触碰饥饿”的受者带来强烈的情感体验。一个温暖的握手，轻轻拍一下肩膀，或者一个击掌，都足以传达爱和关心。)”可知，即使是一个简单的握手，也能传达爱和关心，因此所给句子中后半部分“but a brief tuch like a handshake is t light t cnvey lve and care”是错的。故答案为：错误部分：but a brief tuch like a handshake is t light t cnvey lve and care. 原因：Even a brief tuch like a handshake is enugh t cnvey lve and care.
43开放题。言之有理即可。例如：除了触摸，我们可以写温暖的字条来鼓励或提醒别人，让他们感到温暖；我们也可以和别人进行简短的对话，嘘寒问暖；我们也可以送别人小礼物来表达我们的关心。40词以内。故答案为：(1) I ften write ntes t peple I lve. Fr example, I ften write ntes t remind my family t put n their cats n cld days, expressing my care and lve. When reading the warm Wrds, they feel lved and cared.或(2) I ften have little cnversatins with my lved nes. Talking with my parents after sch1l can help relieve their tiredness frm wrk. Besides, I prepare gifts fr them n special ccasins. The handmade gifts cnvey my appreciatin fr what they have dne fr me.
第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分)
(2023届北京市房山区高三一模)
44. 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。下周将有一个英国的学生代表团来你校进行为期两天的交流访问，你将作为学生代表致词。请你用英文写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.简要介绍主要活动安排；
3.表达美好祝愿。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear friends,
Welcme t ur schl. I am Li Hua, Chairman f the Student Unin. On behalf f my schl, I will intrduce the main arrangements fr the fllwing tw days.
As scheduled, n the first day, we wuld like t invite yu t take a tur f ur campus, thrugh which yu will get a general idea f ur schl. In the afternn, yu can take part in varius activities such as paper cutting and calligraphy t experience traditinal Chinese culture in persn. On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
Hpe yu enjy yur stay here! Thank yu!
【解析】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生写一篇发言稿，向来校交流的英国的学生代表团表示欢迎，并介绍活动安排。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
代表：On behalf f→ represent
参加：take part in→ jin in/get invlved in
各种各样的：varius→ a variety f/varieties f
惊讶的：amazed→ surprised/astnished
2.句式拓展：
同义句转换
原句：On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
拓展句：Then fllwed the trip t the Frbidden City n the secnd day, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
As scheduled, n the first day, we wuld like t invite yu t take a tur f ur campus, thrugh which yu will get a general idea f ur schl.（运用了介词+which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】
On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.（运用了名词作同位语和where引导非限制性定语从句。）
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