适用于老高考旧教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练9词句猜测题3（附解析）

这是一份适用于老高考旧教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练9词句猜测题3（附解析），共8页。

Passage1
(2023湖南衡阳二模)
D yu ever feel guilty fr relaxing,even after yu’ve wrked hard all day?D yu feel like yu shuld be ding mre despite wrking full hurs and nearing burnut?Yu may be experiencing prductivity dysmrphia(生产力畸形).It is a way t describe the feeling f failing t recgnize yur accmplishments and wanting t cntinue ding mre,even when yu’re running n fumes.
Authr Anna Cdrea-Rad wh wrte an article abut prductivity dysmrphia claimed “it is the pursuit f prductivity that drives us t d mre while rbbing us f the ability t enjy any success we might encunter alng the way”.
Highly cmpetitive and jb-led culture cntributes t cnstantly pursuing prductivity that eats away at ther areas f life.In fact,yu’re ften praised fr putting prductivity abve yur well-being.Remember hw schls rewarded perfect attendance?Similarly,cmpanies prefer emplyees wh get the maxi-mum wrk dne while taking the fewest pssible breaks.Rewards like these have strengthened that rest is bad and that being cnstantly at wrk is the right thing t d.
Plus,the prblem isn’t that the bss tells them t d it,but rather that they internalize the need t always be prductive even when they’re ging sme-where t enjy leisure time.Habits like these may be brn ut f the scial pressure t find self-wrth in wrk achievements.
Sme writers have even begun describing rest as prductive,as if peple shuld stp relaxing if it desn’t imprve perfrmance in sme way.Nt nly des this mindset make it difficult t view and celebrate yur achievements,but it als pushes yu t build yur entire life arund wrk.The nly milestnes that matter are achieving wrk gals.The wrst part?There’s n sense f fulfillment when yu reach these gals.
1.Whatdtheunderlinedwrds“runningnfumes”meaninparagraph1?
A.Tired.B.Excited.
C.Satisfied.D.Disappinted.
2.Which is the reasn fr cnstantly pursuing prductivity?
A.Minr cmpetitiveness.
B.Pressure frm jbs.
C.Instructins frm the bss.
D.Internalized needs.
3.Which may be an example f prductivity dysmrphia?
A.A man cmpletes wrk in wrking hurs.
B.A man enjys leisure time with his family.
C.A wman wrks everywhere at anytime.
D.A wman stps fr a relaxatin regularly.
4.What is the authr’s attitude twards the descriptin f sme writers?
A.Favrable.B.Negative.
C.Uncncerned.D.Neutral.
Passage2
(2023安徽蚌埠三模)
Wheat and crn are used t make bread,pizza and ther delicius fds,but in a few years they culd als pwer yur car.Renewable bifuels culd sn replace the harmful fssil fuels that we’re used t using.It’s nw well established that fssil fuels are incredibly harmful t ur health and the envirnment and they’re nt renewable,either.When s many peple rely n petrl and diesel(柴油) t pwer vehicles,it makes sense t develp a renewable alternative that’s easy t use.
That’s where bifuel cmes in.The mst cmmn bifuel prduced glbally is ethanl(乙醇),and it’s used frequently in Brazil and the US,while bidiesel is mre ppular in Eurpe.Hwever,first-generatin bifuels like ethanl have gt issues that need fixing befre they can g mainstream.It currently takes mre ethanl than gasline t prduce the same amunt f energy,fr instance.Prductin is expensive,and several parts f the prcess smetimes use fssil fuels,which means that sme bifuels aren’t actually carbn-free.
Sme envirnmental campaigners als say that it wuld be mre useful t grw crps fr fd rather than bifuel,and that grwing crps fr bifuel can cause prblems with sil lss and defrestatin.Using land fr fuel rather than fd can lead t an increase in fd prices,t,and can affect natural habitats.
Crp and fat-based bifunels may nt be perfect,but thse aren’t the nly bifuels available.Sme rganisatins are creating bifuels with algae(海藻) instead.This prcess uses water and land that ften isn’t suitable fr many ther situatins,s it desn’t take up space that’s useful fr fd prductin,and it ften has better yields(产量) than ther types f bifuel cmpnents.
There’s plenty f develpment beynd algae,t.Sme cmpanies even use seaweed.Scientists are als wrking n plans that will be able t abstract bifuels frm husehld waste,wd chips and ther junk—a mve that culd massively increase the material that’s viable fr bifuel prductin.These secnd-generatin bifuels culd make bifuel far cheaper and mre accessible,and help cut emissins dwn.
5.Why are bifuels suppsed t replace fssil fuels?
A.Fssil fuels are difficult t prduce.
B.Fssil fuels are harmful t vehicles.
C.Bifuels are ecnmical and attainable.
D.Bifuels are ec-friendly and sustainable.
6.What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A.The ptential f gasline.
B.The advantages f bifuels.
C.The ppularity f ethanl in Eurpe.
D.The prblems with first-generatin bifuels.
7.Why is algae used t create bifuels by sme rganisatins?
A.It can reduce sil lss.
B.It is ften mre prductive.
C.It ccupies n land t grw.
D.It helps t lwer fd prices.
8.Whatdestheunderlinedwrd“viable”inthelastparagraphprbablymean?
A.Stable.B.Durable.
C.Wrkable.D.Flexible.
Passage3
(2023陕西西安三模)
In a majr step frward fr mnitring the bidiversity f marine(海洋的) systems,a new study published in the jurnal Envirnmental DNA details hw Mnterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI) researchers are using autnmus underwater rbts t sample envirnmental DNA(eDNA),which allws scientists t detect the presence f aquatic species frm the tiny bits f genetic(遗传学的) material they leave behind.This “DNA sup” ffers clues abut bidiversity changes in sensitive areas and the presence f rare r endangered species—all critical t understanding and preserving a healthy cean.
Researchers cmbined tw nvel autnmus platfrms develped by MBARI fr this study—the Lng-Range Autnmus Underwater Vehicle(LRAUV) and the Envirnmental Sample Prcessr(ESP).The LRAUV can travel fr weeks at a time and fr hundreds f kilmeters.It can enable mre frequent sampling in remte sites than traditinal research ships.The ESP is a rbtic “labratry-in-a-can” that filters(过滤) seawater and preserves eDNA fr future study.By equipping an LRAUV with ESP technlgy,researchers can mnitr the cean better.
“We knw that eDNA is an incredibly pwerful tl fr studying cean cmmunities,but we’ve been limited by what we can accmplish using expensive crewed research ships.Nw,autnmus technlgy is helping us make better use f ur time and resurces t study previusly unsurveyed regins f the cean,” said Kbun Truelve,a bilgical ceangrapher at MBARI and the lead authr f the paper.
Marine bidiversity is a measure f the abundance f individuals and species in the cean.This intercnnected mixture f rganisms supprts fd webs,prduces the air we breathe,and regulates ur climate.Autnmus tls like the LRAUV and ESP enable MBARI researchers t mnitr changes in sensitive ecsystems in ways that were nt pssible previusly.
“Ship-based research will cntinue t play an imprtant rle in ceangraphic studies,but adding new autnmus technlgy t the tlkit will expand capacity fr research,mnitring,and resurce management,” said Truelve.
9.Whatdtheunderlinedwrds“aquaticspecies”inparagraph1refert?
A.Thse living in water.
B.Thse grwing near water.
C.Thse becming endangered.
D.Thse cnsuming eDNA.
10.What can the LRAUV d?
A.Filter seawater effectively.
B.Preserve eDNA fr future study.
C.Travel fr mnths at a time in the cean.
D.Reach remte areas f the cean frequently.
11.What can we infer frm Truelve’s wrds?
A.Autnmus technlgy is mre ecnmical and efficient.
B.Ship-based research is mre time-saving and energy-saving.
C.Autnmus rbts have entirely replaced traditinal research ships.
D.Crewed research ships help researchers study new parts f the cean.
12.What can be the best title fr the text?
A.Researchers Discver a “DNA Sup”
B.Autnmus Technlgy Needs Imprving
C.Rbts Sample eDNA t Mnitr Ocean Health
D.The Bidiversity f the Ocean Needs Prtectin
答案：
Passage1
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文说明了“生产力畸形”概念的产生,其形成的原因,以及对人们生活的影响。
1.A 词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Dyufeellikeyushuldbedingmredespitewrkingfullhursandnearingburnut?”以及画线词上文“Itisawaytdescribethefeelingffailingtrecgnizeyuraccmplishmentsandwantingtcntinuedingmre,evenwhenyu’re”可知,生产力畸形是在你极度疲劳的状态下,仍然想继续工作,对自己已完成的工作没有成就感的一种体验。故画线部分意思是“疲惫的”。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Highlycmpetitiveandjb-ledculturecntributestcnstantlypursuingprductivitythateatsawayattherareasflife.”和第四段的“Plus,theprblemisn’tthatthebsstellsthemtdit,butratherthattheyinternalizetheneedtalwaysbeprductiveevenwhenthey’regingsme-wheretenjyleisuretime.”可知,内化的需求是我们不断追求生产力的原因。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Dyufeellikeyushuldbedingmredespitewrkingfullhursandnearingburnut?Yumaybeexperiencingprductivitydysmrphia.”可推知,文章对“生产力畸形”的解释——在极度疲劳的状态下,仍然想继续工作,对自己已完成的工作没有成就感,故而“无论何时何地都在工作”符合定义。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知,本文作者对一些作家的描述持否定态度。
Passage2
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可再生生物燃料目前存在的问题和好处,以及对它的展望。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中“’seasytuse.”可推知,化石燃料对我们的健康和环境有害,而且它们也是不可再生的,而生物燃料是环保和可持续的,所以要用生物燃料取代化石燃料。
6.D 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Hwever,first-’tactuallycarbn-free.”可知,第二段主要讲述了第一代生物燃料的问题。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中“”可推知,用藻类制造生物燃料不会占用对粮食生产有用的空间,而且具有更好的产量,所以是效率更高。
8.C 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中画线单词前文“Scientistsarealswrkingnplansthatwillbeabletabstractbifuelsfrmhusehldwaste,wdchipsandtherjunk—amvethatculdmassivelyincreasethematerial”可推知,此处应该是增加可用于生物燃料生产的材料,所以viable应该是“可行的”之意,和C项“Wrkable”意思相近。
Passage3
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对环境DNA进行采样以监测海洋健康的最新技术。
9.A 词句猜测题。根据上下文语境以及上文的“Inamajrstepfrwardfrmnitringthebidiversityfmarinesystems”可知,科学家监测的是海洋生物,所以画线词也应该指的是“海洋中的生物”。故选A项。
10.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheLRAUVcantravelfrweeksatatimeandfrhundredsfkilmeters.Itcanenablemrefrequentsamplinginremtesitesthantraditinalresearchships.”可知,远程自主水下航行器(LRAUV)可以经常到达海洋的偏远地区。故选D项。
11.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Nw,autnmustechnlgyishelpingusmakebetterusefurtimeandresurceststudypreviuslyunsurveyedreginsfthecean”可知,自主技术更加经济、高效。故选A项。
12.C 主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是根据第一段中的“”可知,本文主要介绍了对环境DNA进行采样以监测海洋健康的最新技术。故选C项。
词汇积累:
1.(Passage 1)guilty adj.内疚的,羞愧的
2.(Passage 1)fail t d sth.未能做某事
3.(Passage 1)accmplishment n.成绩,成就
4.(Passage 1)pursuit n.追求
5.(Passage 1)rb sb.f sth.剥夺某人某物
6.(Passage 1)encunter vt.遇到,遭遇
7.(Passage 1)sense f fulfillment成就感
8.(Passage 2)alternative n.替代品
9.(Passage 2)take up 占据
10.(Passage 2)abstract adj.抽象的
11.(Passage 3)preserve vt.保护
12.(Passage 3)autnmus adj.自动的
13.(Passage 3)abundance n.大量,丰盛
14.(Passage 3)regulate vt.控制,管理
熟词生义:
(Passage 2)mve n.措施
(Passage 3)detail vt.详述
长难句分析:
(Passage 1)Plus,the prblem isn’t that the bss tells them t d it,but rather that they internalize the need t always be prductive even when they’re ging sme-where t enjy leisure time.
分析:本句为复合句。连接并列的表语从句that the bss tells them t d it和that they internalize the need t always be prductive;even when they’re ging sme-where t enjy leisure time为when引导的时间状语从句。
句意:另外,问题不在于老板让他们这么做,而在于他们把保持高效率的需求内在化了,即使他们要去某个地方享受休闲时光。