福建省厦门市一中2023-2024学年高一英语上学期10月第一次适应性练习（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省厦门市一中2023-2024学年高一英语上学期10月第一次适应性练习（Word版附解析），共32页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，What des Tny d?等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023—2024学年高一上学期第一次适应性练习
英 语
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where does the conversation probably take place？
A.In an ice-cream shop. B. At a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.
2. What was the woman doing last night？
A. She was repairing her computer.
B. She was making a call.
C. She was doing her homework.
3. How will the woman probably travel？
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By taxi.
4. What are the two speakers mainly talking about？
A. Sending a thank-you card.
B. Putting something in a mailbox.
C. Getting a birthday present.
5. What does the woman think of the overcoat？
A. It is a bit large. B. It is out of style. C. It is too small.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What does Tony do?
A.A salesman. B.A hairdresser. C.A shop assistant.
7.What can we know about the woman？
A.She doesn’t want a change.
B.She isn’t busy recently.
C.She wants to look fashionable.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.
9.Why does Sylvia feel upset?
A. She can’t get along well with her classmates.
B. Her physics grade dropped a lot last semester.
C. She doesn’t know how to do well in her classes.
10.How does the man sound?
A.Upset. B.Disappointed. C.Encouraging.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.What did the man do last night?
A.He visited a friend.
B.He went to a party.
C.He watched a table-tennis game.
12.What does the woman think of the game?
A.Exciting. B.Boring. C.Interesting.
13.What do we know about the man?
A.He doesn’t want to watch games on TV.
B.He regrets missing the game.
C.He is quite a table-tennis fan.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14.According to the man, what is the advantage of the electric car?
A.It’s environmentally friendly. B.It’s comfortable. C.It’s cheap.
15.Which one does the woman take at last?
A.A roomy SUV. B.A midsize car. C.An electric car.
16.How much does the woman pay in all?
A.$190. B.$195. C.$152.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.When was the hospital mentioned in the speech completed?
A.On January 23rd. B.On March 3rd. C.On February 2nd.
18.What is true according to the speech?
A.The 5G network can download movies within minutes.
B.The Tianhe-1 supercomputer has a 60-percent increase in its processing speed.
C.The new generation maglev train can reach a top speed of 160 km per hour.
19.How many examples does the speaker mentioned to support him?
A.4. B.5. C.3.
20.What is the topic of the speech?
A.China’s long history. B.China speed. C.China’s story
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
For some of us, the excitement of seeing a performance at a European opera house is just not enough. Fortunately, opera houses throughout Europe open their backstage doors to the public. Take advantage of these opportunities to look behind the scenes of some of the world's great opera houses.
Teatro alla Scala Opera House Tours—Milan
Discover the activities within the opera house on a backstage tour of the La Scala theater in Milan. The tour also includes an overview of the history of the theater and guides you through the auditorium(观众席) and the theater boxes.
Paris Opera House Tours—Paris
While it is possible to walk around the public areas of the beautiful Paris Opera House on your own, guided tours are also offered and are led by an English-speaking guide. During the 90- minute tour, you will learn about the theater's history and its architecture. You will also have an opportunity to visit the grand staircase.
Royal Opera House Tours—London
It is one of the most comprehensive of the opera house tours in Europe. The guide at the Royal Opera House takes you through sections of the backstage area to the props (道具) room, where workers build the sets, the costume shop and the ballet studios. There's a chance that you will even catch the ballet dancers backstage in practice in their big ballet studio.
La Fenice Opera House Tours—Venice
Teatro La Fenice in Venice offers a couple of options for visitors. A self-guided tour of the beautiful halls and grounds with a voice guide is available at the box office. Guided tours are also available with an expert that will explain the history of the opera house from its origins to its rebuilding.
1. In which opera house might you be able to see a costume shop backstage?
A. The Teatro alla Scala Opera House B. The Paris Opera House
C. The Royal Opera House D. The La Fenice Opera House
2. What do the above four opera houses have in common?
A. They all offer free guided tours.
B. They all open their backstage areas to the public.
C. They are all free to the public.
D. They are all located in France.
3. Where can we most probably find this text?
A. In a sports magazine B. In an adventure novel
C. In a history book D. On a culture website
B
I'm a Russian. In my native country, people believe that those who always keep big smiles on their faces, if they don't have a real reason to do so, are not genuine（真诚的）. For the last five years, I've lived in Kansas. What brought me to this country was my American husband, John. I work in a department store, where my coworkers show big smiles to me and pronounce my Russian name so sweetly. Every time I hear it, I feel as though my mom is embracing（拥抱）me.
Last year John encouraged me to go to see my mom back in Russia, and my manager even gave me a month of for the trip. When you live an ocean apart from your family, you need at least a month to visit them. I bought a plane ticket and packed my suitcase. Then came Covid-19. My mood became grey as I realized I couldn't go to see my mom.
A couple of weeks later, my sweet coworker Miss Donna asked me, “So what's happening with your trip to Russia?” I told her I had to cancel it and I wouldn't be able to see my mom this year.
Miss Dona didn't say anything at first. Then she put on a big smile and said, “Well, you can come to my home and see my mom!" “Oh my Lord!" I was at a loss for words. Imagine a mom for loan（借出）!I honestly don't know whether I would offer the same to someone in need of a mother's warmth, but my new people surely would do it for me.
I know that because of the virus, you shouldn't hug friends, but you can still embrace someone's heart. That's how my heart felt at that moment: hugged. So, yes, believe me, big smiles with no reason can be genuine.
4. What can we know from the first paragraph?
A. The author believes big smiles are false. B. The author works together with her husband.
C. The author seldom wears big smiles in Russia. D. The author gets along well with her coworkers.
5. Why did the author cancel her trip?
A. Because her mother's home was too far away. B. Because the manager didn't allow her to leave.
C. Because Covid-19 broke out unexpectedly. D. Because she was invited to Miss Donna's home.
6. How did the author feel when invited to Miss Donna's home?
A. She was happy. B. She was touched. C. She was confused. D. She was uncertain.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Canceled Trip B. Imagine a Mother for Loan
C. The Outbreak of Covid-19 D. Big Smiles Embrace My Heart
C
For decades, the homework standard has been a "10-minute" rule, which suggests a daily maximum of 10 minutes of homework per grade level.
But some schools have begun to give their youngest students a break. A Massachusetts elementary school has announced a no-homework pilot（试点）program for the coming school year, extending the school day by two hours to provide more in-class instruction. "We really want kids to go home at 4 o'clock, tired," Kelly Elementary School Principal Jackie Glasheen said. "We want them to enjoy their families. We want them to go to soccer practice or football practice."
New solutions to homework differ by community. These local debates aren't easily understood by the fact that even education experts disagree about what's best for kids.
The most all-round research on homework so far comes from an analysis（分析）by Duke University professor Harris Cooper, who found evidence（证据）of a positive relationship between homework and student achievement, meaning students who did homework performed better in school. Cooper's analysis focused on how homework influences test scores. The relationship was stronger for older students-in 7th through 12th grade-than for those in younger grades, for whom there was a weak relationship between homework and performance.
Although there is the weak relationship between homework and performance for young children, Cooper argues that a small amount of homework is useful for all students. Second-graders should not be doing two hours of homework each night, he said, but they also shouldn't be doing no homework.
However, Cathy Vatterott, an education professor at the University Missouri-St. Louis, thinks there is not enough evidence that homework is helpful for students in elementary school, "Relationship is not a cause," she said "Does homework cause achievement, or do high achievers do more homework?" Vatterott thinks there should be more stress on improving the quality of homework tasks, and she supports efforts to ban homework for younger kids.
8. What will Kelly Elementary School have in the new term?
A. No homework. B. Some football practice.
C. "10-minute" homework. D. More physical education classes.
9 Who can perform better according to Cooper's analysis?
A. Younger students in all grades with no homework.
B. Younger students in lower grades with no homework.
C. Older students in lower grades with more homework.
D. Older students in higher grades with more homework.
10. What's the writer's attitude towards "10-minute" homework?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Unknown. D. Doubtful.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Is homework good for students? B. How much homework is proper?
C. Does high-quality homework work? D. Do students really hate homework?
D
Many of us are lucky enough to have some degree of choice over what we eat. But are the decisions we make about our diet as free as we assume?
It appears we’re hugely influenced by other people—especially those closest to us—when it comes to what we eat. Research has found that the closer and stronger two people’s connection is, the more sway they have over each other’s food choices. This means social signals generally encourage us to eat more. Being around healthy eaters may guide you to eat healthier as well, though. Eating habits are also affected by what we see. “There is proof that, if you see pictures of food, that visual stimulation (刺激) can inspire your desire to cat,” says a UK scientist, Suzanne Higgs.
Social media is one place where visual and social signals meet. Evidence shows if friends in your social network post (发帖子) regularly about particular types of food, it could lead you to copy them, for better or for worse. And research indicates that social media might be changing our relationship with food, making us think differently about what we eat. “If all your friends on social media are posting pictures of themselves consuming fast food, it’s going to set a norm that eating fast food is what people do,” says Higgs.
Research suggests we’re more likely to be attracted by photos of fast food, especially some rich in saturated fat (饱和脂肪), which can make us feel good, says Ethan Pancer, a professor in Canada. Humans are biologically prepared to seek out high-calorie food—an ability that helped our ancestors survive when they searched for food.
“Healthier foods are often seen as boring in comparison, and processed food is considered ‘cool’,” a researcher from France, Tina Tessitore, adds that, “In advertising, you see unhealthy food in social settings — people having a barbeque with friends, for example, while healthy food usually focuses more on the nutritional value. If you saw friends eating salad together, it wouldn’t seem so true.” All of the findings are bothering researchers about the effects of social media, whether good or bad.
12. The underlined word “sway” in para.2 is closest in meaning to“______”.
A. influence B. movement C. benefit D. harm
13. Which of the statements might Suzanne Higgs agree with?
A. Seeing photos of familiar food prevents you from eating more.
B Social media has more influence on your dieting than close friends.
C. You may fall into the habit of fast food consumption following social media.
D. You’re sure to imitate what others make and eat if you regularly surf the Internet.
14. What can we infer from the article?
A. People are free to make a choice on what to eat.
B. Human beings are born to choose food rich in calorie.
C. The young generation prefer fast food because it’s “cool”.
D. You’ll be easily encouraged to pick out food by experts.
15. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the article?
A To present factors affecting eating habits.
B. To explain the reasons for advertising food.
C. To raise public awareness of physical health.
D. To conclude findings of a new research.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Improve Leadership Quality
To be a good leader required a variety of qualities and skills, which, fortunately, can be gained through continuous learning and practice. ___16___
Ask yourself what kind of leader you are.
___17___ Doing this will enable you to identify the areas you need to improve, and make you more aware of how you act and behave. Start by asking yourself “what kind of leader am I?” Perhaps you are someone who leads by example, and doesn’t get too involved in other people’s work. Or maybe you are a leader who helps to solve problems, and takes a more active role.
Improve Your Communication Skills
Communication is perhaps the most important leadership quality, and one that runs through all of the other important qualities. One of the key factors to good communication is enabling positive dialogue on problems and solutions. ___18___ If you make the effort to listen to somebody, he will see that and come to think of you as someone he can talk to.
Take responsibility.
To set a strong example as a leader, it’s important that you take responsibility for your individual tasks and your team as a whole. ___19___ Besides, it means removing responsibilities from those who are unable to manage the tasks arranged to them.
Cooperate (合作) instead of competing.
If you are trying to be a strong leader, it can be attractive to try to inspire better work by creating a competitive environment among your colleague’s. In fact, developing a more cooperative work culture often leads to more effective working and better relationships. ___20___ Any battle that arises in a competitive culture cost valuable time and resource to deal with.
A. Another is to be an active listener.
B. Here are some detailed suggestions for you to follow.
C. It is also important for you to praise your teammates.
D. It will encourage to trust others and help avoid working alone as well.
E. Honestly examining yourself is key to develop your leadership skills.
F. Exploring your strengths and weaknesses is the first step to improve yourself.
G. Being responsible means supporting your team members to complete their tasks.
第三部分语言运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Marmots (土拨鼠) are usually shy. They ___21___ get close to people. But a group of marmots in Austria have developed a(n) ___22___ with a teenage boy.
Matteo Walch, a 16-year-old boy, first became ___23___ in 2012. when photos of him touching noses with the marmots became popular online. He was eight years old then, but he had been visiting his little friends every year ___24___ he was three. The boy’s mother says that the marmots are not ___25___ of him because they know he loves them and would not ___26___ them. “He is quite ___27___ from the other children because he moves quite slowly and is ___28___ with them,” said Matteo’s mother, Michaela. “I think because he was so young when they first ___29___ and they were the first wild animals he saw in ____30____ life. They will always have a special place in his heart.”
Marmots are quite popular with ____31____ , so it’s common to see the marmots get close to humans visiting them in hopes of ____32____ food, but they won’t let people get too close. With Matteo, they just come up to him and let him touch them gently.
Even though Matteo’s ____33____ has changed greatly since he first visited the marmots, they will ____34____ him immediately whenever he arrives and rush to him as if to ____35____ an old friend.
21. A. seldom B. always C. likely D. often
22. A. idea B. skill C. habit D. friendship
23. A. angry B. sick C. famous D. sad
24. A. as B. since C. when D. until
25. A. afraid B. proud C. aware D. tired
26. A. teach B. save C. hurt D. help
27. A. far B. free C. absent D. different
28. A. strict B. satisfied C. patient D. unhappy
29. A. worked B. met C. talked D. fought
30. A. formal B. real C. adventurous D. special
31. A. tourists B. artists C. scientists D. photographers
32. A. producing B. selling C. cooking D. receiving
33. A. strength B. quality C. appearance D. gift
34. A. recognize B. admit C. determine D. visit
35. A. accept B. call C. follow D. welcome
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everyone has their dreams. Some people want to be rich, dreaming of becoming millionaires overnight. Others want to be famous, dreaming of suddenly jumping to great fame. I have a dream, too. When I was a young girl, I dreamed of becoming a scientist like Hua Luogeng, ____36____ was a great Chinese mathematician.
However, I knew that I could not ____37____ (success) without great efforts. So I studied hard in middle school and college in order to realize my dream.
After graduating ____38____ college five years ago, I ____39____ (find) a job as a teacher. Although I was very busy ____40____ (teach), I never gave up my goal. I read a lot of books ____41____ (get) more knowledge. I made many ____42____ (experiment) to practise and apply what I had learned from books. Sometimes, I was so ____43____ (deep) indulged (沉迷) in my research that I forgot my meals and time.
Now I have made great progress. Several of my research papers have been published. The methods ____44____(mention) in my papers have been proven to be valuable. I am very happy. The ladder of becoming a scientist is still far ahead, ____45____ I have climbed the first step anyway.
第三节 单句填空（共5小题；每题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. Amy is getting her student ID card in the _________ (注册) office.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
47. She was f_________ (害怕的) that the glass would break.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）
48. The library project has already fallen behind s_________ (日程安排). （根据中英文提示单词拼写）
49. Parents should bear responsibility for their children's bad ________ (行为)．（根据汉语提示完成句子）
50. She has such a kind friendly ____________ (个性).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第四节 完成句子（共10小题；每题2分，满分20分）
51. Good habits _________(form) at youth make all the difference. — Aristotle（所给词的适当形式填空）
52. My adviser recommended that I ___(报名参加) advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it. (根据汉语提示填空)
53. I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can_________ (加入球队) next year. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
54. It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation _________(attract) to computer games and the online world. （所给词的适当形式填空）
55. I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to _________(be) responsible for a lot more. （所给词的适当形式填空）
56. The _________(addicted) to sweet food is hard to remove. （所给词的适当形式填空）
57. I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else _________(come) in the future. （所给词的适当形式填空）
58. I asked only _________ (出于好奇). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
59. Rather than buy his own car, he prefers _________(rent) one. （所给词的适当形式填空）
60. Susan Luo, an adviser for teenagers, has received a letter ________(ask) for some advice. （所给词的适当形式填空）
第四部分 写作（共一节，满分15分）
61. 假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友Mike来到中国后因为文化差异经常被同学误解，他感到非常苦恼，于是写邮件向你寻求帮助，请给他写一封建议信。
内容包括：1.给予安慰；2.提出建议；3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


2023—2024学年高一上学期第一次适应性练习
英语
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where does the conversation probably take place？
A.In an ice-cream shop. B. At a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.
2. What was the woman doing last night？
A. She was repairing her computer.
B. She was making a call.
C. She was doing her homework.
3. How will the woman probably travel？
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By taxi.
4. What are the two speakers mainly talking about？
A. Sending a thank-you card.
B. Putting something in a mailbox.
C. Getting a birthday present.
5. What does the woman think of the overcoat？
A. It is a bit large. B. It is out of style. C. It is too small.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What does Tony do?
A.A salesman. B.A hairdresser. C.A shop assistant.
7.What can we know about the woman？
A.She doesn’t want a change.
B.She isn’t busy recently.
C.She wants to look fashionable.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.
9.Why does Sylvia feel upset?
A. She can’t get along well with her classmates.
B. Her physics grade dropped a lot last semester.
C. She doesn’t know how to do well in her classes.
10.How does the man sound?
A.Upset. B.Disappointed. C.Encouraging.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.What did the man do last night?
A.He visited a friend.
B.He went to a party.
C.He watched a table-tennis game.
12.What does the woman think of the game?
A.Exciting. B.Boring. C.Interesting.
13.What do we know about the man?
A.He doesn’t want to watch games on TV.
B.He regrets missing the game.
C.He is quite a table-tennis fan.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14.According to the man, what is the advantage of the electric car?
A.It’s environmentally friendly. B.It’s comfortable. C.It’s cheap.
15.Which one does the woman take at last?
A.A roomy SUV. B.A midsize car. C.An electric car.
16.How much does the woman pay in all?
A.$190. B.$195. C.$152.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.When was the hospital mentioned in the speech completed?
A.On January 23rd. B.On March 3rd. C.On February 2nd.
18.What is true according to the speech?
A.The 5G network can download movies within minutes.
B.The Tianhe-1 supercomputer has a 60-percent increase in its processing speed.
CThe new generation maglev train can reach a top speed of 160 km per hour.
19.How many examples does the speaker mentioned to support him?
A.4. B.5. C.3.
20.What is the topic of the speech?
A.China’s long history. B.China speed. C.China’s story
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
For some of us, the excitement of seeing a performance at a European opera house is just not enough. Fortunately, opera houses throughout Europe open their backstage doors to the public. Take advantage of these opportunities to look behind the scenes of some of the world's great opera houses.
Teatro alla Scala Opera House Tours—Milan
Discover the activities within the opera house on a backstage tour of the La Scala theater in Milan. The tour also includes an overview of the history of the theater and guides you through the auditorium(观众席) and the theater boxes.
Paris Opera House Tours—Paris
While it is possible to walk around the public areas of the beautiful Paris Opera House on your own, guided tours are also offered and are led by an English-speaking guide. During the 90- minute tour, you will learn about the theater's history and its architecture. You will also have an opportunity to visit the grand staircase.
Royal Opera House Tours—London
It is one of the most comprehensive of the opera house tours in Europe. The guide at the Royal Opera House takes you through sections of the backstage area to the props (道具) room, where workers build the sets, the costume shop and the ballet studios. There's a chance that you will even catch the ballet dancers backstage in practice in their big ballet studio.
La Fenice Opera House Tours—Venice
Teatro La Fenice in Venice offers a couple of options for visitors. A self-guided tour of the beautiful halls and grounds with a voice guide is available at the box office. Guided tours are also available with an expert that will explain the history of the opera house from its origins to its rebuilding.
1. In which opera house might you be able to see a costume shop backstage?
A. The Teatro alla Scala Opera House B. The Paris Opera House
C. The Royal Opera House D. The La Fenice Opera House
2. What do the above four opera houses have in common?
A. They all offer free guided tours.
B. They all open their backstage areas to the public.
C. They are all free to the public.
D. They are all located in France.
3. Where can we most probably find this text?
A. In a sports magazine B. In an adventure novel
C. In a history book D. On a culture website
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个歌剧院为观众开放后台区域，观众可以利用这些机会来了解世界上一些伟大歌剧院的幕后故事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段The guide at the Royal Opera House takes you through sections of the backstage area to the props (道具) room, where workers build the sets, the costume shop and the ballet studios.可知，皇家歌剧院的导游带您穿越后台区域的各个部分进入道具室，在那里工作人员会制作布景，在后台设置服装店和芭蕾舞工作室。因此根据第四段的标题可知，你可能在Royal Opera House看到布置在后台的服装店。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Fortunately, opera houses throughout Europe open their backstage doors to the public.可知，整个欧洲的歌剧院向公众敞开了歌剧院后台的大门。因此，这四个歌剧院的共同点是它们都向公众开放后台区域。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。文章介绍了四个歌剧院为观众开放后台区域，观众可以利用这些机会来了解世界上一些伟大歌剧院的幕后故事，这是与文化艺术有关的话题。因此，我们最可能在一个有关文化方面的网站上找到这样的文章。故选D。
B
I'm a Russian. In my native country, people believe that those who always keep big smiles on their faces, if they don't have a real reason to do so, are not genuine（真诚的）. For the last five years, I've lived in Kansas. What brought me to this country was my American husband, John. I work in a department store, where my coworkers show big smiles to me and pronounce my Russian name so sweetly. Every time I hear it, I feel as though my mom is embracing（拥抱）me.
Last year John encouraged me to go to see my mom back in Russia, and my manager even gave me a month of for the trip. When you live an ocean apart from your family, you need at least a month to visit them. I bought a plane ticket and packed my suitcase. Then came Covid-19. My mood became grey as I realized I couldn't go to see my mom.
A couple of weeks later, my sweet coworker Miss Donna asked me, “So what's happening with your trip to Russia?” I told her I had to cancel it and I wouldn't be able to see my mom this year.
Miss Dona didn't say anything at first. Then she put on a big smile and said, “Well, you can come to my home and see my mom!" “Oh my Lord!" I was at a loss for words. Imagine a mom for loan（借出）!I honestly don't know whether I would offer the same to someone in need of a mother's warmth, but my new people surely would do it for me.
I know that because of the virus, you shouldn't hug friends, but you can still embrace someone's heart. That's how my heart felt at that moment: hugged. So, yes, believe me, big smiles with no reason can be genuine.
4. What can we know from the first paragraph?
A. The author believes big smiles are false. B. The author works together with her husband.
C. The author seldom wears big smiles in Russia. D. The author gets along well with her coworkers.
5. Why did the author cancel her trip?
A. Because her mother's home was too far away. B. Because the manager didn't allow her to leave.
C. Because Covid-19 broke out unexpectedly. D. Because she was invited to Miss Donna's home.
6. How did the author feel when invited to Miss Donna's home?
A. She was happy. B. She was touched. C. She was confused. D. She was uncertain.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Canceled Trip B. Imagine a Mother for Loan
C. The Outbreak of Covid-19 D. Big Smiles Embrace My Heart
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要记叙了同事的big smiles和善意让作者在异国他乡感受到关爱，最后也通过自己的经历说明无缘无故的微笑也可以是真诚的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“I work in a department store, where my coworkers show big smiles to me and pronounce my Russian name so sweetly. Every time I hear it, I feel as though my mom is embracing（拥抱）me.（我在一家百货商店工作，我的同事对我露出灿烂的微笑，把我的俄罗斯名字念得很甜。每次我听到它的时候,我觉得我妈妈拥抱我）”可知作者的同事对作者很好，作者也感受到这种热情，故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句“Then came Covid-19. My mood became grey as I realized I couldn't go to see my mom.（然后是2019冠状病毒疾病。当我意识到我不能去看妈妈时，我的心情变得灰暗起来）”可知作者取消行程是因为新型冠状病毒肺炎的爆发，故选C。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句“That's how my heart felt at that moment: hugged.（这就是我的心在那一刻的感觉:被拥抱）”可知作者深受感动，故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本篇big smiles贯穿全文，同事的big smiles和善意让作者在异国他乡感受到关爱，最后也通过自己的经历说明无缘无故的微笑也可以是真诚的，点题升华，故选D。
C
For decades, the homework standard has been a "10-minute" rule, which suggests a daily maximum of 10 minutes of homework per grade level.
But some schools have begun to give their youngest students a break. A Massachusetts elementary school has announced a no-homework pilot（试点的）program for the coming school year, extending the school day by two hours to provide more in-class instruction. "We really want kids to go home at 4 o'clock, tired," Kelly Elementary School Principal Jackie Glasheen said. "We want them to enjoy their families. We want them to go to soccer practice or football practice."
New solutions to homework differ by community. These local debates aren't easily understood by the fact that even education experts disagree about what's best for kids.
The most all-round research on homework so far comes from an analysis（分析）by Duke University professor Harris Cooper, who found evidence（证据）of a positive relationship between homework and student achievement, meaning students who did homework performed better in school. Cooper's analysis focused on how homework influences test scores. The relationship was stronger for older students-in 7th through 12th grade-than for those in younger grades, for whom there was a weak relationship between homework and performance.
Although there is the weak relationship between homework and performance for young children, Cooper argues that a small amount of homework is useful for all students. Second-graders should not be doing two hours of homework each night, he said, but they also shouldn't be doing no homework.
However, Cathy Vatterott, an education professor at the University Missouri-St. Louis, thinks there is not enough evidence that homework is helpful for students in elementary school, "Relationship is not a cause," she said "Does homework cause achievement, or do high achievers do more homework?" Vatterott thinks there should be more stress on improving the quality of homework tasks, and she supports efforts to ban homework for younger kids.
8. What will Kelly Elementary School have in the new term?
A. No homework. B. Some football practice.
C. "10-minute" homework. D. More physical education classes.
9. Who can perform better according to Cooper's analysis?
A. Younger students in all grades with no homework.
B. Younger students in lower grades with no homework.
C. Older students in lower grades with more homework.
D. Older students in higher grades with more homework.
10. What's the writer's attitude towards "10-minute" homework?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Unknown. D. Doubtful.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Is homework good for students? B. How much homework is proper?
C Does high-quality homework work? D. Do students really hate homework?
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是议论文。文章主要围绕学生们是否应该有家庭作业，家庭作业对学生们好不好这些问题进行讨论。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A Massachusetts elementary school has announced a no-homework pilot（试点的）program for the coming school year,”（麻省的一个小学已经宣布了一个在即将到来的这个学年没有作业的试点项目。）可知，Kelly Elementary School在新学期将没有作业。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“…meaning students who did homework performed better in school. Cooper's analysis focused on how homework influences test scores. The relationship was stronger for older students-in 7th through 12th grade-than for those in younger grades…”（意思是做家庭作业的学生们的学校表现要更好。Cooper的分析集中在家庭作业是如何影响考试成绩的。这个关系对于7到12年级的大点的学生要比那些年龄小点的强。）可知，年龄大点的高年级学生作业多的学校表现会更好。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章只是在第一段“For decades, the homework standard has been a "10-minute" rule, which suggests a daily maximum of 10 minutes of homework per grade level.”（几十年来，家庭作业的标准一直都是“10分钟”原则，意思是每个年级每天最多写10分钟的家庭作业。）和第二段“But some schools have begun to give their youngest students a break.”（但是有一些学校已经开始让小年龄的学生们打破这个规则了。）阐述了一下“10分钟”原则，但是作者并没有对它表示任何的看法。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。本文由“10分钟”原则引入学生们的家庭作业问题，接下来告诉读者有一些小学要实施没有家庭作业的试点项目，然后阐述了专家的意见：高年级的学生们家庭作业多的在考试中表现会更好。所以，总结来说，这篇文章就是围绕家庭作业对学生们好不好来讨论的。故选A。
D
Many of us are lucky enough to have some degree of choice over what we eat. But are the decisions we make about our diet as free as we assume?
It appears we’re hugely influenced by other people—especially those closest to us—when it comes to what we eat. Research has found that the closer and stronger two people’s connection is, the more sway they have over each other’s food choices. This means social signals generally encourage us to eat more. Being around healthy eaters may guide you to eat healthier as well, though. Eating habits are also affected by what we see. “There is proof that, if you see pictures of food, that visual stimulation (刺激) can inspire your desire to cat,” says a UK scientist, Suzanne Higgs.
Social media is one place where visual and social signals meet. Evidence shows if friends in your social network post (发帖子) regularly about particular types of food, it could lead you to copy them, for better or for worse. And research indicates that social media might be changing our relationship with food, making us think differently about what we eat. “If all your friends on social media are posting pictures of themselves consuming fast food, it’s going to set a norm that eating fast food is what people do,” says Higgs.
Research suggests we’re more likely to be attracted by photos of fast food, especially some rich in saturated fat (饱和脂肪), which can make us feel good, says Ethan Pancer, a professor in Canada. Humans are biologically prepared to seek out high-calorie food—an ability that helped our ancestors survive when they searched for food.
“Healthier foods are often seen as boring in comparison, and processed food is considered ‘cool’,” a researcher from France, Tina Tessitore, adds that, “In advertising, you see unhealthy food in social settings — people having a barbeque with friends, for example, while healthy food usually focuses more on the nutritional value. If you saw friends eating salad together, it wouldn’t seem so true.” All of the findings are bothering researchers about the effects of social media, whether good or bad.
12. The underlined word “sway” in para.2 is closest in meaning to“______”.
A. influence B. movement C. benefit D. harm
13. Which of the statements might Suzanne Higgs agree with?
A. Seeing photos of familiar food prevents you from eating more.
B. Social media has more influence on your dieting than close friends.
C. You may fall into the habit of fast food consumption following social media.
D. You’re sure to imitate what others make and eat if you regularly surf the Internet.
14. What can we infer from the article?
A. People are free to make a choice on what to eat.
B. Human beings are born to choose food rich in calorie.
C. The young generation prefer fast food because it’s “cool”.
D. You’ll be easily encouraged to pick out food by experts.
15. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the article?
A. To present factors affecting eating habits.
B. To explain the reasons for advertising food.
C. To raise public awareness of physical health.
D. To conclude findings of a new research.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍我们的饮食容易受到各种因素的影响，其中身边的人、社交媒体以及快餐食物的图片等对我们饮食的选择都会产生不同程度的影响。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“It appears we’re hugely influenced by other people—especially those closest to us—when it comes to what we eat.(当我们吃什么的时候，我们似乎受到其他人的巨大影响，尤其是那些与我们最亲近的人。)”和下文“This means social signals generally encourage us to eat more.(这意味着社会信号通常会鼓励我们吃得更多。)”可知，当我们吃什么的时候，会受到其他人的巨大影响，社会信号通常会鼓励我们吃得更多，这说明两个人之间的联系越紧密、越牢固，他们对彼此食物选择的影响就越大。由此可推知，划线单词sway意为“影响”，与A项“influence(影响)”意思一样，故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中““If all your friends on social media are posting pictures of themselves consuming fast food, it’s going to set a norm that eating fast food is what people do,” says Higgs.(Higgs说，“如果在社交媒体上你所有的朋友都在发他们吃快餐的照片，那这将建立一个标准：人们吃快餐是常态。”)”可推知，Higgs认为关注社交媒体上朋友的动态会让人容易养成吃快餐的习惯。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Humans are biologically prepared to seek out high-calorie food — an ability that helped our ancestors survive when they searched for food.( 从生物学角度讲，人类已经做好了寻找高卡路里食物的准备——这种能力曾帮助我们的祖先在寻找食物时生存下来。)”可推知，我们天生就倾向选择高热量的食物。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But are the decisions we make about our diet as free as we assume?(但是我们关于饮食所做的选择是不是真如我们设想那样自由呢？)”以及第二段的首句“It appears we’re hugely influenced by other people — especially those closest to us — when it comes to what we eat.(当谈论我们吃什么时，我们似乎受到他人的影响很大，特别是那些和我们最亲近的人。)”与第二段的“Eating habits are also affected by what we see.(我们所看到的也会影响我们的饮食习惯。)”可知，作者通过下文的内容来回答在第一段所提出的问题，即介绍了我们的饮食容易受到各种因素的影响，其中身边的人、社交媒体以及快餐食物的图片等对我们饮食的选择都会产生不同程度的影响。由此可推知，作者的写作的目是为了呈现影响我们饮食选择的各种因素。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Improve Leadership Quality
To be a good leader required a variety of qualities and skills, which, fortunately, can be gained through continuous learning and practice. ___16___
Ask yourself what kind of leader you are.
___17___ Doing this will enable you to identify the areas you need to improve, and make you more aware of how you act and behave. Start by asking yourself “what kind of leader am I?” Perhaps you are someone who leads by example, and doesn’t get too involved in other people’s work. Or maybe you are a leader who helps to solve problems, and takes a more active role.
Improve Your Communication Skills
Communication is perhaps the most important leadership quality, and one that runs through all of the other important qualities. One of the key factors to good communication is enabling positive dialogue on problems and solutions. ___18___ If you make the effort to listen to somebody, he will see that and come to think of you as someone he can talk to.
Take responsibility.
To set a strong example as a leader, it’s important that you take responsibility for your individual tasks and your team as a whole. ___19___ Besides, it means removing responsibilities from those who are unable to manage the tasks arranged to them.
Cooperate (合作) instead of competing.
If you are trying to be a strong leader, it can be attractive to try to inspire better work by creating a competitive environment among your colleague’s. In fact, developing a more cooperative work culture often leads to more effective working and better relationships. ___20___ Any battle that arises in a competitive culture cost valuable time and resource to deal with.
A. Another is to be an active listener.
B. Here are some detailed suggestions for you to follow.
C. It is also important for you to praise your teammates.
D. It will encourage to trust others and help avoid working alone as well.
E. Honestly examining yourself is key to develop your leadership skills.
F. Exploring your strengths and weaknesses is the first step to improve yourself.
G. Being responsible means supporting your team members to complete their tasks.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何成为一名优秀的领导者。
16题详解】
根据上文“To be a good leader required a variety of qualities and skills, which, fortunately, can be gained through continuous learning and practice. (要成为一名优秀的领导者，需要具备各种素质和技能，幸运的是，这些素质和技能可以通过不断的学习和实践获得。)”可知，上文告诉我们领导者的素质和技能可以通过不断的学习和实践获得，B项意为“这里有一些详细的建议供您遵循。”选项能够承接上文，且能够引起下文，下文“Ask yourself what kind of leader you are. (问问自己你是什么样的领导者。)”正是对建议的具体说明。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据段落主旨句“Ask yourself what kind of leader you are. (问问自己你是什么样的领导者。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们要想成为一名优秀的领导者，首先要判断自己是什么样的领导者，E项意为“诚实地审视自己是培养领导技能的关键。”选项符合段落主旨，要想成为一名优秀的领导者，首先要判断自己是什么样的领导者，因为诚实地审视自己是培养领导技能的关键。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“If you make the effort to listen to somebody, he will see that and come to think of you as someone he can talk to. (如果你努力去听别人说话，他会看到这一点，并且会认为你是一个他可以交谈的人。)”可知，下文告诉我们倾听在沟通中的重要性，A项意为“另一个是成为一个积极的倾听者。”选项能够引起下文，良好沟通的另一个关键因素是成为一个积极的倾听者，因为如果你努力去听别人说话，他会认为你是一个他可以交谈的人。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“To set a strong example as a leader, it’s important that you take responsibility for your individual tasks and your team as a whole. (为了树立领导者的榜样，重要的是你必须对个人任务和整个团队负责。)”可知，上文告诉我们，要想成为一名优秀的领导者，就要学会负责任，G项意为“负责任意味着支持团队成员完成任务。”选项能够引承接上文，告诉我们负责任意味着什么，且选项中“Being responsible means…”与下文“it means…”句式一致。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“In fact, developing a more cooperative work culture often leads to more effective working and better relationships. (事实上，发展一种更加合作的工作文化往往会带来更有效的工作和更好的关系。)”可知，上文介绍了合作带来的好处，D项意为“这将鼓励信任他人，也有助于避免独自工作。”选项能够引承接上文，继续介绍合作带来的好处，可以鼓励信任他人，也有助于避免独自工作。故选D。
第三部分语言运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Marmots (土拨鼠) are usually shy. They ___21___ get close to people. But a group of marmots in Austria have developed a(n) ___22___ with a teenage boy.
Matteo Walch, a 16-year-old boy, first became ___23___ in 2012. when photos of him touching noses with the marmots became popular online. He was eight years old then, but he had been visiting his little friends every year ___24___ he was three. The boy’s mother says that the marmots are not ___25___ of him because they know he loves them and would not ___26___ them. “He is quite ___27___ from the other children because he moves quite slowly and is ___28___ with them,” said Matteo’s mother, Michaela. “I think because he was so young when they first ___29___ and they were the first wild animals he saw in ____30____ life. They will always have a special place in his heart.”
Marmots are quite popular with ____31____ , so it’s common to see the marmots get close to humans visiting them in hopes of ____32____ food, but they won’t let people get too close. With Matteo, they just come up to him and let him touch them gently.
Even though Matteo’s ____33____ has changed greatly since he first visited the marmots, they will ____34____ him immediately whenever he arrives and rush to him as if to ____35____ an old friend.
21. A. seldom B. always C. likely D. often
22. A. idea B. skill C. habit D. friendship
23. A. angry B. sick C. famous D. sad
24. A. as B. since C. when D. until
25. A. afraid B. proud C. aware D. tired
26. A. teach B. save C. hurt D. help
27. A. far B. free C. absent D. different
28. A. strict B. satisfied C. patient D. unhappy
29. A. worked B. met C. talked D. fought
30. A. formal B. real C. adventurous D. special
31. A. tourists B. artists C. scientists D. photographers
32. A. producing B. selling C. cooking D. receiving
33. A. strength B. quality C. appearance D. gift
34. A. recognize B. admit C. determine D. visit
35. A. accept B. call C. follow D. welcome
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个名叫Matteo的男孩和一群土拨鼠发展的一段友谊的故事。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们很少与人亲近。A. seldom几乎比，很少；B. always总是；C. likely可能地；D. often经常。由上文“usually shy”，可知它们是很少接近人类的。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是奥地利的一群土拨鼠和一个十几岁的男孩发展了一段友谊。A. idea主意，观点；B. skill技能；C. habit习惯；D. friendship友谊。根据上文句意“很少与人接近”，以及“but”可知，此处形成转折，结合选项D“友好的”符合句意。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次出名是在2012年，当他和土拨鼠摸鼻子的照片在网上走红时。A. angry生气的；B. sick生病的；C. famous出名的；D. sad难过的。根据下文“became popular online”可知，第一次变得出名是在2012年。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：那时他八岁，但自从三岁起，他每年都去拜访他的小朋友们。A. as当……时候；B. since自从……以来；C. when当……时候；D. until直到……以来。分析句子可知，此处为since引导的时间状语从句，主句用完成时态，从句为一般过时，意为“自从……以来……”。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男孩的妈妈说土拨鼠不怕他。A. afraid害怕的；B. proud自豪的；C. aware有意识的；D. tired疲劳的。根据下文“he loves them”可知，土拨鼠不是很害怕他。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为它们知道他爱他们，不会伤害它们。A. teach教；B. save拯救，节省；C. hurt伤害；D. help帮助。由and可知，loves them和该空为语意并列关系，结合句意“不会伤害它们”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他和其他孩子很不一样。A. far远的；B. free免费的，自由的；C. absent缺席的；D. different不同的。由下文“he moves quite slowly and is ___8___ with them,”可推知，他应该不同于其他人。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为他动作很慢，对它们很有耐心。A. strict严格的；B. satisfied满意的；C. patient有耐心的；D. unhappy不开心的。根据上文“he moves quite slowly”可知，结合语境他应该是对它们很“耐心的”。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是因为他们第一次见面时他还太年轻。A. worked工作；B. met见面；C. talked谈话；D. fought对抗，打架。由句意可知，结合选项此处为“第一次见面”。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们是他在现实生活中看到的第一个野生动物。A. formal正式的； B. real现实的，真实的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. special特殊的。由下文“have a special place in his heart.””可推知，在现实生活中，是很难看到野生动物的。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：土拨鼠很受游客欢迎。A. tourists游客；B. artists艺术家；C. scientists科学家；D. photographers摄影师。根据下文“to see the marmots get close to humans visiting them”可知，土拨鼠是一种很受游客欢迎的动物。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：所以土拨鼠接近人类是很常见的，它们希望得到食物。A. producing产生；B. selling销售，卖；C. cooking做饭；D. receiving接受，获得。由句意结合选项，可知土拨鼠希望获得人们的食物。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然Matteo的外貌与第一次拜访土拨鼠时相比已经发生了很大的变化。A. strength力气；B. quality质量；C. appearance外观，外貌；D. gift礼物。根据下句“they will ___14___ him immediately”以及句首的Even though可推知，上下句为转折关系，整个句子应理解为“虽然Matteo的外貌与第一次拜访土拨鼠时相比已经发生了很大的变化，但只要Matteo一到，它们就会立刻认出他”。符合逻辑关系，以及语意的连贯。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但只要Matteo一到，它们就会立刻认出他。A. recognize认出，识别；B. admit承认；C. determine决定；D. visit参观。根据上题解析可知，此处为认出他。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：并像欢迎老朋友一样冲向他。A. accept接受；B. call打电话；C. follow跟着，遵循；D. welcome欢迎。由句意结合选项可知，此处为“像欢迎老朋友一样”。故选D项。
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everyone has their dreams. Some people want to be rich, dreaming of becoming millionaires overnight. Others want to be famous, dreaming of suddenly jumping to great fame. I have a dream, too. When I was a young girl, I dreamed of becoming a scientist like Hua Luogeng, ____36____ was a great Chinese mathematician.
However, I knew that I could not ____37____ (success) without great efforts. So I studied hard in middle school and college in order to realize my dream.
After graduating ____38____ college five years ago, I ____39____ (find) a job as a teacher. Although I was very busy ____40____ (teach), I never gave up my goal. I read a lot of books ____41____ (get) more knowledge. I made many ____42____ (experiment) to practise and apply what I had learned from books. Sometimes, I was so ____43____ (deep) indulged (沉迷) in my research that I forgot my meals and time.
Now I have made great progress. Several of my research papers have been published. The methods ____44____(mention) in my papers have been proven to be valuable. I am very happy. The ladder of becoming a scientist is still far ahead, ____45____ I have climbed the first step anyway.
【答案】36. who
37. succeed
38. from 39. found
40. teaching
41. to get 42. experiments
43. deeply 44. mentioned
45 but
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候的梦想是成为像华罗庚一样的科学家，长大后也一直在为此付出努力。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当我还是一个小女孩的时候，我梦想成为像华罗庚那样的科学家，他是一位伟大的中国数学家。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Hua Luogeng，指人，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who引导定语从句，故填who。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，我知道，不付出很大努力，我是不可能成功的。此处是谓语动词，由could可知，应用动词原形，故填succeed。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意： 五年前大学毕业后，我找到了一份教师的工作。graduate from固定搭配，意为“从……毕业”，故填from。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：五年前大学毕业后，我找到了一份教师的工作。由five years ago可知，句子应用一般过去时，故填found。
【40题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：虽然我忙于教学，但我从未放弃我的目标。be busy doing sth.固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”，故填teaching。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了获得更多的知识，我读了很多书。此处应用不定式作目的状语，故填to get。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意： 我做了许多实验来练习和应用我从书中学到的东西。experiment(实验)是可数名词，由many可知，应用复数，故填experiments。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：有时候，我太沉迷于研究了，以至于忘记了吃饭和时间。此处应用副词deeply作状语，修饰动词indulged，表示程度深，故填deeply。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我论文中提到的方法已被证明是有价值的。句中有谓语have been proven，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词methods，且动词mention和methods是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填mentioned。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：成为科学家的阶梯还很遥远，但我已经迈出了第一步。前后句子是转折关系，应用转折连词but，故填but。
第三节 单句填空（共5小题；每题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. Amy is getting her student ID card in the _________ (注册) office.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】registration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：艾米正在登记处领学生证。“注册”为名词registration，作定语，修饰名词office，registration office意为“注册办公室；登记处”，故填registration。
47. She was f_________ (害怕的) that the glass would break.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）
【答案】frightened##rightened
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她害怕玻璃会碎。根据汉语提示和首字母可知，此处应用形容词frightened作表语，表示人的主观感受。故填frightened。
48. The library project has already fallen behind s_________ (日程安排). （根据中英文提示单词拼写）
【答案】schedule##chedule
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：图书馆工程已经落后于计划了。此处应用名词作宾语，根据汉语提示首字母可知，“日常安排”为名词schedule，behind schedule固定搭配，意为“晚于预定计划”，故填schedule。
49. Parents should bear responsibility for their children's bad ________ (行为)．（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】conduct
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：父母应该对孩子的不良行为负责。分析句子及所给汉语提示可知，所填空处填“行为”的名词形式，conduct意为“行为”，且为不可数名词。故填conduct。
50. She has such a kind, friendly ____________ (个性).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】personality
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她有这样一个善良、友好的个性。结合不定冠词a，表示“个性”应用名词单数personality作宾语。故填personality。
第四节 完成句子（共10小题；每题2分，满分20分）
51. Good habits _________(form) at youth make all the difference. — Aristotle（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】formed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：年轻时养成的好习惯决定一切。——亚里士多德。句中有谓语make，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰Good habits，动词form和Good habits是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填formed。
52. My adviser recommended that I ___(报名参加) advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it. (根据汉语提示填空)
【答案】(should)sign up for
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和虚拟语气 。句意：我的导师建议我报名参加高级文学课，因为我喜欢英语，而且擅长英语。根据汉语提示“报名参加”可知短语为sigh up for，且recommend表示“建议”时，所接的宾语从句用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。故填(should)sign up for。
53. I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can_________ (加入球队) next year. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】make the team
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：我会想办法提高自己，这样明年我就能进入球队了。“加入球队”为动词短语，make the team，由情态动词can可知，动词make应用原形，故填make the team。
54. It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation _________(attract) to computer games and the online world. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to be attracted
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不罕见。该句子为固定句型it be+形容词+for sb. to do sth.，意为“对于某人来说，做某事是……”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，且attract和其逻辑主语teenagers of your generation是被动关系，此处表示被吸引，应用不定式的被动语态，故填to be attracted。
55. I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to _________(be) responsible for a lot more. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】being
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力地学习，并且习惯于承担更多的责任。get used to doing sth.固定搭配，意为“习惯于做某事”，故填being。
56. The _________(addicted) to sweet food is hard to remove. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】addiction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：对甜食的上瘾是很难戒掉的。此处应用名词addiction作主语，表示“上瘾”，the addiction to意为“对……上瘾”，故填addiction。
57. I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else _________(come) in the future. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】comes
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我会为上大学或者将来的任何事情做好准备。此处在whatever引导的宾语从句中作谓语，主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时表示将来，主语是whatever，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
58. I asked only _________ (出于好奇). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】out of curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：我只是出于好奇才问的。“出于好奇”为短语out of curiosity，作状语，故填out of curiosity。
59. Rather than buy his own car, he prefers _________(rent) one. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to rent
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与其买自己的车，他宁愿租一辆。prefer to do...rather than do...固定搭配，意为“宁愿做……，也不做……”，也可将rather than位于句首，故填to rent。
60. Susan Luo, an adviser for teenagers, has received a letter ________(ask) for some advice. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】asking
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：苏珊·罗是一位青少年顾问，她收到了一封征求意见的信。句中有谓语has received，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词letter，动词ask(征求)和名词letter是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填asking。
第四部分 写作（共一节，满分15分）
61. 假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友Mike来到中国后因为文化差异经常被同学误解，他感到非常苦恼，于是写邮件向你寻求帮助，请给他写一封建议信。
内容包括：1.给予安慰；2.提出建议；3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike,
I am very sorry to know you’re upset about being sometimes misunderstood by your classmates due to cultural differences and I’m writing to offer some suggestions.
Firstly, try to gain a deeper understanding of Chinese culture as it’s effective for you to overcome cultural barriers in communication. Secondly, why not share your customs with your classmates? In this way, they’ll know more about you and your culture. Besides, you can make some friends who can help you get yourself understood when necessary.
I do hope my advice will be useful. May you get rid of your troubles soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友Mike来到中国后因为文化差异经常被同学误解，他感到非常苦恼，于是写邮件向你寻求帮助，请给他写一封建议信。内容包括：1.给予安慰；2.提出建议；3.表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestions→tips
由于：due to→because of
此外：Besides→In addition
有用的：useful→of use
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
简单句：In this way, they’ll know more about you and your culture.
拓展句：In this way, they’ll know more about you and your culture, which can make you better understood.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, try to gain a deeper understanding of Chinese culture as it’s effective for you to overcome cultural barriers in communication. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】Besides, you can make some friends who can help you get yourself understood when necessary.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)