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2022-2023学年青海省西宁市大通回族土族自治县高三下学期开学摸底考试英语试题含解析+听力
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青海省大通县教学研究室2023届高三开学摸底考试
英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the woman do today?
A. She made a plan. B. She practised the piano. C. She wrote letters.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I thought you had planned to practise the piano today, Lisa.
W: Well, I did nothing but write letters all day.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where will the woman go tomorrow afternoon?
A. The gym. B. The clinic. C. The school.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you want to go with me to the gym tomorrow morning? My trainer said she would give you a free class.
W: I would love to. Just remind me to go to my dentist appointment in the afternoon.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. visiting museums. B. Working out. C. Doing science projects.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: How long did it take you to finish your science project? I have been thinking about it all weekend, and I can’t come up with anything worth making! I don’t know what to do.
W: Don’t worry, Billy. It took me a couple of months to get my science project worked out when I was your age. It’ll come to you. Why don’t you try going to the museum?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How are the speakers probably feeling?
A. Tired. B. Relaxed. C. Bored.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s so quiet up here. And look at all those stars!
M: I know. This is why I like coming up here. It’s nice to get out of the city once in a while, and I must admit that I love sleeping outdoors like this.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman do before she leaves?
A. Clean up the office. B. Search for a new job. C. Delete all the files.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: You have one more month here before you get transferred to the Chicago office.
W: Don’t worry. I fully intend to use this time to clean up the office and organize all the files before I leave.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How old is the man’s little brother at present?
A. Thirteen. B. Fifteen. C. Sixteen.
7. What does the woman say about her two younger brothers?
A. They are difficult to deal with.
B. They have pains in their necks.
C. They are never rude to anyone.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Michael, your little brother was very rude to me last week. I was really surprised.
M: I’m sorry, Janice. He will be sixteen in three weeks, and he has changed a lot since he started high school.
W: I have two younger brothers myself, and they are not the easiest people to get along with, so I guess I can understand.
M: In all honesty, I know I was a pain in the neck when I was his age, too.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the woman looking for?
A. Her bag. B. Her ticket. C. Her passport.
9. What does the man expect the woman to do for him?
A. Find a bathroom. B. Buy him a drink. C. Lend money to him.
10. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. At the airport. C. At a travel agency.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you find your passport yet? The trip is in two days!
W: No, not yet, but I know it is somewhere around here!
M: Honey, you’d better find it! These tickets to France were not cheap.
W: I will, I will. You know me, always losing everything and then finding it at the last second...
M: Did you check the bathroom? Maybe it’s in your makeup bag. You could fit a house in that thing.
W: Why would I put it in there, Tim? That’s just silly. It probably fell under the desk.
M: If I check in the bathroom and it’s there, you owe me a drink! That’ll be the first thing we do when we get to the airport.
W: If you say so. I’m fairly certain I’m not that forgetful, though. Anyway, the drinks at the airport are usually pretty pricey.
M: Well, I guess you’d better start saving…
W: Why?
M: Guess what I found next to your lipstick?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where are the speakers now?
A. In New York. B. In Hawaii. C. In Bangkok.
12. What is the man’s video camera like?
A. It is heavy. B. It is strong. C. It is old.
13. How much did the man spend on the battery pack of his video camera?
A. $50. B. $200. C. $300.
【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: What a beautiful place this is!
M: Yeah. After the grayness of New York, the colors of Hawaii seem so bright.
W: Well, I’ve been to a lot of amazing beaches in Thailand and Mexico, but this is definitely one of the nicest ones I’ve been to. Why don’t we go for a swim? I hear there are lots of tropical fish we can see.
M: Good idea. I can use my new video camera—it’s waterproof.
W: Wow, where did you get that?
M: I got it in New York a week ago. It’s made by a company called GoPro. They specialize in making HD video cameras for outdoor sports. The bodies of their cameras are designed to be extra strong. The camera can handle being dropped, and I can use it underwater up to 60 meters deep.
W: And it’s so small and lightweight. How much did it cost?
M: Well, I could have gotten the older model for $200. But I bought the latest version for $300, because it’s lighter and has better picture quality. I also spent an extra $50 for an extra battery pack.
W: Well, let’s go so you can use it!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why will some invitations be sent out?
A. For a charity party. B. For a talent show. C. For a business conference.
15. When will the woman call the models?
A. This Monday. B. This weekend. C. Next week.
16. Who is probably the woman?
A. The man’s customer. B. The man’s manager. C. The man’s assistant.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to need those files edited and completed by Monday, Sarah. I expect to see them on my desk first thing next week.
W: You got it, Mr. Bensen. Is there anything in particular you would like me to include?
M: Just make sure that you highlight all of our upcoming shows. I want our clients to be aware of our new events and clothes styles.
W: Of course, sir. Should I start sending out the invitations for next month’s charity party?
M: Yes! That needs to be a huge success if we expect anything from our summer line to be ready anytime soon.
W: I’ll call the models this weekend and remind them of the fitting next week. Hopefully, they can be helpful for the donations for the event.
M: I would like to think so. Isn’t that what this business is all about—making people look good and being surrounded by the people that look the best?
W: I guess so, sir. I’d like to think that our market is more than just good-looking people, though.
M: What the media wants, Sarah, the media gets.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. When did Mozart begin to practise the piano?
A. At the age of three. B. At the age of five. C. At the age of eight.
18. How did Jimi Hendrix learn about music as a child?
A. His mother taught him.
B. He learned at school.
C. He learned through listening.
19. What can be known about Albert Einstein after he graduated from college?
A. He found a good job. B. He gave up his studies. C. He remained confident.
20. What plays the most important role in success in the speaker’s opinion?
A. Effort. B. Luck. C. Gift.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Nothing in this world can be achieved without effort. Mozart wasn’t born a composer. He practised the piano from the age of three and began composing by the age of five. His father, who was also his teacher, was very strict with the boy. Jimi Hendrix used to walk around his house with a guitar and play up to eight hours a day. As a child, Jimi used to listen to his father’s blues records alone with a broom, pretending to play it like a guitar. Neither of them had their gift just given to them at birth. They had to work hard and discover that they had a gift. And they didn’t just make do with what they had after that. They kept at it. Hendrix didn’t even know how to read music, so everything he learned, he learned through listening. Another example is Albert Einstein. the father of modern physics. He was told that he would never be a success at anything. No one wanted to hire him after he graduated from college. But he believed in himself, and he persevered with his studies on his own. Now, I’m not trying to say that everyone can be a Mozart or an Einstein if they just put in a lot of time doing something. But with effort and passion, one can achieve a great deal. Without those things, you’re not going to achieve much. Lucks comes to those who prepare for it. If you do something you love, don’t let little bumps along the road stop you.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Authors Share Their Favorite Books
Kristan Higgins
“Harriet the Spy by Louise Fitzhugh was a book I read over and over as a kid. I loved Harriet’s independence and drive and her ability to get where she wanted. Most of all, Harriet reminded me that everyone has a story worth reading.”
Kristan Higgins is a New York Times-bestselling author of more than 20 novels.
Nisha Sharma
“I was crazy about Pride and Prejudice from the moment I read the very first sentence. Elizabeth Bennet is a strong-willed heroine who knows her mind and her heart. At a young age, Jane Austen made me believe that strong women like Elizabeth deserve love from men who respect their intelligence. I can confidently say Jane Austen’s story shaped the direction of my writing career.”
Nisha Sharma is the author of My So-Called Bollywood Life.
Elyssa Friedland
“I absolutely adore Ella Enchanted by Gail Carson Levine. What could be better than a story about a girl forced to obey every order because of a gift from a fairy (仙女)? Tired of being taken advantage of, the girl, with a talking book as her companion, leaves her home to find the fairy to return her unwanted gift. This is a story about taking matters into one’s own hands and using wisdom and determination to overcome what seems like an insurmountable obstacle (不可逾越的障碍).”
Elyssa Friedland is the author of the novel named The Intermission.
Vesper Stamper
“It’s hard to beat the Bronte sisters for their woman power. My favorite book of all time is Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, which proves that a girl or woman can have inner strength and great power by being herself, even if that is ‘poor, plain and little’. Jane refuses to give in to moral convenience, at great cost to herself. As a result, she finds true love and changes the lives of those she comes across. A lesson for me: Sometimes it’s in the small acts that a real change is made.
Vesper Stamper is the author of What the Night Sings, an incredibly moving novel.
21. Whose book is Nisha Sharma’s favorite?
A. Louise Fitzhugh’s. B. Jane Austen’s.
C. Gail Carson Levine’s. D. Charlotte Bronte’s.
22. Which book is related to magic?
A. Harriet the Spy. B. Pride and Prejudice.
C. Ella Enchanted. D. Jane Eyre.
23. What do the four books shared by authors have in common?
A. Their main characters are females. B. Their authors were born very poor.
C. They focus on seeking for true love. D. They describe the authors’ own lives.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几位作家分享的各自最喜爱的书籍，这些书籍的主人公都是女性。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二本书第一段“I was crazy about Pride and Prejudice from the moment I read the very first sentence.(从我读到第一句话的那一刻起，我就为《傲慢与偏见》着迷)”以及“I can confidently say Jane Austen’s story shaped the direction of my writing career. (我可以自信地说，简·奥斯汀的故事塑造了我写作生涯的方向)”可知，Jane Austen的书是Nisha Sharma的最爱。故选B。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三本书第一段“I absolutely adore Ella Enchanted by Gail Carson Levine. What could be better than a story about a girl forced to obey every order because of a gift from a fairy (仙女)? Tired of being taken advantage of, the girl, with a talking book as her companion, leaves her home to find the fairy to return her unwanted gift.(我非常喜欢盖尔·卡森·莱文的《迷人的艾拉》。有什么能比一个女孩因为仙女的礼物而被迫服从每一个命令的故事更好呢？这个女孩厌倦了被利用，带着一本会说话的书，离开家去找仙女归还她不想要的礼物)”可推断，Ella Enchanted这本书与魔法有关。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解題。根据第一本书第一段“I loved Harriet’s independence and drive and her ability to get where she wanted.(我喜欢哈丽特的独立和动力，以及她达到自己目标的能力)”；第二本书第一段“Elizabeth Bennet is a strong-willed heroine who knows her mind and her heart.(伊丽莎白·班纳特是一位意志坚强的女主人公，她知道自己的想法和内心)”；第三本书第一段“What could be better than a story about a girl forced to obey every order because of a gift from a fairy (仙女)?(有什么能比一个女孩因为仙女的礼物而被迫服从每一个命令的故事更好呢？)”以及第四本书第一段“My favorite book of all time is Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, which proves that a girl or woman can have inner strength and great power by being herself, even if that is ‘poor, plain and little’. (我一直最喜欢的书是夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》，它证明了一个女孩或女人可以通过做自己而拥有内在的力量和伟大的力量，即使她“贫穷、平凡、渺小”)”可知，分享的书籍的主人公都是女性。故选A。
B
Masuma Ahuja can vividly recall what she wore on her first day of school in the United States: black jeans and a gray and orange T-shirt.
It was the early 2000s and her family had just moved from India to Pittsburgh. She remembers an American boy at her middle school asking her, on that very first day, about what she was wearing. He said, “Oh, I didn’t realize that you wore Western clothes in India.”
He thought India was a place where there were snake charmers and elephants on the street. The India that her classmate had pictured was pulled from storybooks and fantasy but the reality was that Ahuja grew up in more wealthy neighborhoods of Mumbai and Bangalore. Those misconceptions about the lives of those in different places — especially women and girls — stuck with her as she went on to become a journalist at The Washington Post and CNN.
And it raised a question — what is life really like for girls around the world? She sets out to answer it in her new book, Girlhood: Teenagers Around The World In Their Own Voices. Published in February, it captures snapshots (捕获快照) of everyday life from 30 girls around the globe in the form of diary entries.
There’s Claudie, a 13-year-old surfer from Pango Village in Vanuatu who dreams of becoming a lawyer; Halima, a 17-year-old from Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, who listens to and intends to follow a famous singer Celine Dion and helps her father peel (削皮) potatoes for his job before school; Sattigul, a 16- year-old who comes from a family of nomadic herders (游牧民族) in Mongolia, loves her pet eagle and wants to be an English translator one day.
When asked about what she hoped her readers could take away from her book, Ahuja said, “I hope that every reader will find themselves reflected in unexpected corners of their stories. And I hope that every girl who picks up the book recognizes that her voice is important and unique.”
24. How did Ahuja’s American classmate feel about her dressing?
A. Terrified. B. Bored. C. Pleased. D. Surprised.
25. Why did Ahuja write her new book?
A. To realize her dream to be a famous journalist.
B. To help women to fight for their place at work.
C. To advertise her own country around the world.
D. To show the real lives of girls in different places.
26. What do the girls mentioned in paragraph 5 have in common?
A. They do well in schoolwork. B. They have their own dreams.
C. They live in wealthy families. D. They make a living themselves.
27. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Ahuja’s praise for girls’ confidence. B. Why every girl’s voice matters a lot.
C. Ahuja’s expectations for her readers. D. Why girls think highly of Ahuja’s book.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Masuma Ahuja在美国上学的第一天穿的衣服——黑色牛仔裤和灰橙色T恤，这让她的同学对她的打扮很惊讶，因为他心中的印度人形象都是从故事书中得到的。关于不同世界的人（尤其是女性）的错误观念一直存在，这促使Masuma Ahuja写了一本书，这本书以日记的形式记录了来自世界各地的女孩的真实生活。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“He said, “Oh, I didn’t realize that you wore Western clothes in India.”(他说，“哦，我不知道你在印度也穿西式服装。”)”可推断，Ahuja的美国同学看到她的西式穿着后，感觉很惊讶。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“And it raised a question — what is life really like for girls around the world? She sets out to answer it in her new book, Girlhood: Teenagers Around The World In Their Own Voices.(这引发了一个问题——世界各地女孩的生活到底是什么样的？她打算在她的新书《少女时代：用自己的声音看世界各地的青少年》中回答这个问题。)”可知，Ahuja写新书是为了展现不同地方的女孩的真实生活。故选D项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“There’s Claudie, a 13-year-old surfer from Pango Village in Vanuatu who dreams of becoming a lawyer; Halima, a 17-year-old from Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, who listens to and intends to follow a famous singer Celine Dion and helps her father peel (削皮) potatoes for his job before school; Sattigul, a 16- year-old who comes from a family of nomadic herders (游牧民族) in Mongolia, loves her pet eagle and wants to be an English translator one day.( Claudie，一个来自瓦努阿图Pango村13岁冲浪者，梦想成为一名律师；17岁的Halima来自阿富汗Mazar-i-Sharif，她喜欢听著名歌手Celine Dion的歌，并打算效仿Celine Dion，上学前还帮父亲削土豆皮。16岁的Sattigul来自蒙古的一个游牧家庭，她喜欢她的宠物鹰，并希望有一天能成为一名英语翻译。) ”可知，第五段提到的三个女孩的共同之处是她们都有自己的梦想。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意題。根据最后一段“When asked about what she hoped her readers could take away from her book, Ahuja said, “I hope that every reader will find themselves reflected in unexpected corners of their stories. And I hope that every girl who picks up the book recognizes that her voice is important and unique.”(当被问及她希望读者能从她的书中得到什么时，Ahuja说：“我希望每个读者都能在她们的故事中意想不到的角落里发现自己的影子。我希望每个拿起这本书的女孩都能意识到自己的声音是重要而独特的。”)”可知，本段主要讲述了Ahuja对读者的期望。故选C项。
C
Residents (居民) of South Asia already regularly experience heat waves at the current level of warming. But a new study in Geophysical Research Letters projecting the amount of heat stress residents of the region (地区) will experience in the future finds with 2℃ of warming, the population’s exposure to heat stress will increase by two times.
“The future looks bad for South Asia, but the worst can be avoided by containing warming to as low as possible,” said Moetasim Ashfaq, the corresponding author of the new study. “The need for adaptation over South Asia is today, not in the future. It’s not a choice anymore.”
Earth has warmed by 1℃ since the start of the Industrial Revolution according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It may reach 1.5℃ of warming in 2040. This deadline leaves little time for South Asian countries to adapt. “Only half a degree increase from today is going to cause a widespread increase in heat events,” Ashfaq said.
People living in South Asia are especially affected by deadly heat waves because the area already experiences particularly hot summers. Almost one quarter of the world’s population lives in South Asia. Much of the population live in populated cities without regular access to air conditioning, and about 60% perform agricultural work and can’t escape the heat by staying indoors.
Controlling warming to 1.5℃ will likely cut that exposure in half, but large numbers of people across South Asia will still experience extreme temperatures. An increase in heat events that create unsafe labor conditions is likely to occur in major crop producing regions in India, such as West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. Coastal regions and urban centers such as Karachi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Hyderabad and Peshawar are also likely to be heavily affected, according to the study.
“Even at 1.5℃, South Asia will have serious consequences in terms of heat stress,” Ashfaq said. “That’s why there is a need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放).”
28. What does Moetasim Ashfaq stress in paragraph 2?
A. The difficulty of controlling warming.
B. The way to cut exposure to heat stress.
C. The urgency of handling climate change.
D. The bright future for South Asian countries.
29. What can be known about residents in South Asia?
A. They’ve been suffering a lot from heat. B. They’re actually poor at growing crops.
C. They generally live far from each other. D. They have easy access to air conditioning.
30. What damage will the heat waves bring to India?
A. It will harm crop production. B. It will cut down labor demand.
C. It will cause more air pollution. D. It will lead to crowding in cities.
31. What does Moetasim Ashfaq think of limiting warming to 1.5℃?
A. It is not possible at all. B. It is still far from enough.
C. It frees people from heat stress. D. It helps to improve population.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究预测了南亚居民在未来将经历的气候变暖带来的困难。研究发现，随着气候变暖，南亚居民面临的压力将增加很多。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Moetasim Ashfaq所说话，尤其是“The need for adaptation over South Asia is today, not in the future. It’s not a choice anymore.(南亚现在就需要适应气候变化，而不是未来。这已经不是一个选择了)”可知，Moetasim Ashfaq强调了应对气候变化的紧迫性。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“People living in South Asia are especially affected by deadly heat waves because the area already experiences particularly hot summers.(生活在南亚的人们尤其受到致命热浪的影响，因为该地区已经经历了特别炎热的夏季)”及第五段“Controlling warming to 1.5℃ will likely cut that exposure in half, but large numbers of people across South Asia will still experience extreme temperatures.(将升温控制在1.5℃可能会使暴露量减少一半，但南亚地区的大量人口仍将经历极端温度)”可知，南亚的居民一直以来深受热浪的折磨。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“An increase in heat events that create unsafe labor conditions is likely to occur in major crop producing regions in India, such as West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.(在印度的西孟加拉邦和北方邦等主要农作物产区，造成不安全劳动条件的高温事件可能会增加)”可知，热浪可能会危及印度的粮食生产。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Even at 1.5℃, South Asia will have serious consequences in terms of heat stress,’ Ashfaq said.(‘即使气温上升到1.5℃，南亚也会在热应激方面产生严重后果。’Ashfaq说)”可推断，Moetasim Ashfaq认为将增加的温度控制在1.5℃依然是远远不够的，还需要进一步采取措施应对气候变暖。故选B。
D
For generations, we’ve spent the first third of our lives acquiring the college degrees we need to find jobs. These degrees are the stamps on our professional passports that pave the way for the remaining two-thirds of our journey. However, the future of work won’t be about college degrees; it’ll be about job skills.
According to the World Economic Forum, over one billion jobs, almost one-third of all jobs worldwide, are likely to be transformed by technology in the next decade. We’ve already seen this happen. Think of the apps you use to shop, track orders and simply stay informed. The stores need to keep them up and running at all hours, day after day, all year round, meaning they need those who can analyze and secure customer data.
In these and other similar situations, people are the organizing force making sure technology works the way we want it to. This means a quick rise in new kinds of digital jobs. According to the Forum’s Jobs of Tomorrow report, there’ll be a rapid influx of roles at the forefront of the data and AI economy, as well as new roles in engineering, cloud computing and product development. These jobs need talent with relevant skills, and importantly these skills can be learnt even by those without college degrees.
Shifting our focus from degrees to skills will mean transitioning (过渡) to always-on skills-based education and employment organizations that acknowledge not just certification but fitness-for-job and employment as outcomes. In recent years, several companies have focused on continuous learning for the workforce — the trend will become stronger.
When it comes to skills, employers look for more than just technical skills. Companies want people with an eye for detail, creative problem-solving skills, a collaborative mindset and an ability to handle complex issues. These too are skills that can be learnt. Anyhow, lifelong learners with ever relevant skills will be in greater demand in the workplace.
32. How does technology influence the jobs?
A. It calls for higher demands for degrees. B. It makes many jobs less challenging.
C. It reduces their dependence on degrees. D. It connects them with degrees closely.
33. What does the underlined word “influx” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Change. B. Recovery. C. Decline. D. Increase.
34. What will future employers value most concerning their staff?
A. Their traditional technical skills. B. Their continuous learning abilities.
C. Their certification-based education. D. Their desire to start their own business
35. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Skills Are Different From Degrees B. Degrees Will Be More Competitive
C. Degrees Will Shape the Future of Work D. Skills Are More Vital for Future Work
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述技能（如专业的工作技能、应变技巧和学习能力）在未来的工作中更重要。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“These jobs need talent with relevant skills, and importantly these skills can be learnt even by those without college degrees.(这些工作需要具有相关技能的人才，重要的是，即使没有大学学位，这些技能也可以学习)”可推断，科技降低了工作对学历的依赖，突出技能的重要性。故选C。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词前句“This means a quick rise in new kinds of digital jobs.(这意味着新型数字化工作将迅速增加)”中的“a quick rise”可推断，画线词所在句意为：根据世界经济论坛的《未来工作报告》，数据和人工智能经济领域的前沿职位将迅速涌入，工程、云计算和产品开发领域也将出现新职位，influx的意思与Increase(增加)最为接近。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In recent years, several companies have focused on continuous learning for the workforce — the trend will become stronger.(近年来，一些公司已经开始关注员工的持续学习——这种趋势将变得更加强烈)”及最后一段“Anyhow, lifelong learners with ever relevant skills will be in greater demand in the workplace.(无论如何，拥有相关技能的终身学习者在工作场所将会更受欢迎)”可知，未来的雇主会更看重员工的持续学习的能力。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段提出的论点“However, the future of work won’t be about college degrees; it’ll be about job skills.(然而，未来的工作将不再是大学学位;这是关于工作技能的)”及之后的具体论证可知，文章主要论述技能（如专业的工作技能、应变技巧和学习能力）在未来的工作中更重要，D项“技能对未来工作更为重要”适合做文章标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do we like somebody else? One factor(因素) may be intelligence. It could be assumed that people generally like other people better if they’re smarter, as they might be more interesting to talk to. ____36____ If someone is too smart, somebody with lower intelligence may not like them as they might feel that they look worse in comparison. In contrast, a really smart person might feel that somebody with lower intelligence is less likable.
____37____ In the study, researcher Maria Flakus and her team analyzed data gathered from Polish high school students. The results of the study indicated that being intelligent influenced both being liked and liking others. Interestingly, it did so in opposite ways. ____38____ However, they tended to like fewer people than less intelligent students. Specifically, smart students had a tendency to only like others that were as smart as themselves.
Importantly, the effect of liking others due to their intelligence was strongest during the first test and became weaker over time. Thus, over time, the importance of intelligence in building social relationships decreases. ____39____ The researchers suggest that over time, knowing about the shared interests of others may be a more important factor in liking than knowing they’re smart.
In contrast, the effect of smart students only liking others that were equally intelligent remained significant over the course of the year, although it became a bit weaker. The researchers warn that this may lead to intelligent students being seen as isolated(孤立的) by others. This may become problematic if the smart students are viewed as too proud. ____40____
A. Instead, other factors become more important.
B. Smart people in the study tended to like nobody.
C. Intelligent students were liked better by their classmates.
D. The relationship between intelligence and being liked is complex.
E. A recent study looked into the link between intelligence and being liked,
F. But this association may also be a function of the intelligence of both people.
G. Thus, smart people may wish to be careful to take care of their social relationships.
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. C 39. A 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了影响人们彼此喜欢的因素。
36题详解】
根据下文“If someone is too smart, somebody with lower intelligence may not like them as they might feel that they look worse in comparison, In contrast, a really smart person might feel that somebody with lower intelligence is less likable.(如果有人太聪明，较低智商的人可能不喜欢他们，因为和太聪明人相比，他们会自惭形秽。比较起来，一个很聪明的人可能不喜欢较低智商的人)”可知，聪明和被喜欢之间的关系很复杂。因此D.“The relationship between intelligence and being liked is complex. (聪明和被喜欢之间的关系很复杂)”符合语境。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据下文“In the study, researcher Maria Flakus and her team analyzed data gathered from Polish high school students. (在这个研究中，研究员Maria Flakus和她的团队分析来自波兰一所高中的学生的数据)”可知，空格处因该是开展了一项研究。因此E.“A recent study looked into the link between intelligence and being liked, (一项研究调查聪明和被喜欢之间的联系)”符合语境。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据下文“However, they tended to like fewer people than less intelligent students. (然而，他们喜欢的人要比不聪明的学生喜欢的人要少)”可知，聪明的学生被许多人喜欢，但是他们喜欢的人却很少。因此C.“Intelligent students were liked better by their classmates. (聪明的学生比较被他们的同学喜欢)”符合语境。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Thus, over time, the importance of intelligence in building social relationships decreases. (因此，随着时间的推移，在构建社会关系中聪明的重要性降低了)”可知，在构建社会关系中，聪明只是一个因素，还有其它的因素。因此A.“Instead, other factors become more important. (相反，其它因素变得重要起来)”符合语境。故选A。
【40题详解】
根据上文“This may become problematic if the smart students are viewed as too proud. (如果聪明学生被认为太自傲，这可能会成为问题)”可知，聪明学生容易被孤立，因此下文是他们应该注意的事情。G.“Thus, smart people may wish to be careful to take care of their social relationships. (因此，聪明学生可能希望小心地照顾他们的社会关系)”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my three-year-old son decided to build a castle on a beach. Although I warned him that it might be ____41____, he insisted on building it in the ____42____ of the waves that would crash on the shore.
I ____43____, figuring the only way to make him understand was to let him do whatever he liked and ____44____ what would happen. I only hoped that he wouldn’t be too ____45____ when the first wave destroyed his ____46____.
To my ____47____, when the waves came and destroyed his castle, he even clapped his hands and said cheerfully, “That’s ____48____! Let’s do it again!”
I couldn’t understand how he could ____49____ seeing his fruit of labor ruined.
“Was it really fun when the waves destroyed the _____50_____?” I asked when we were on the way home.
“Yes,” he said.
His reply reminded me of my _____51_____. Nothing I did at home ever seemed to _____52_____, too. I cleaned the floor only to see someone make it _____53_____ again. My life was just one never-ending to-do _____54_____. Just like the sand castles my son built, all my _____55_____ were wiped away by a wave called Family Life. Had I even _____56_____ whether the things I had done really _____57_____?
As I recalled(回想) my child digging in the sand _____58_____, I realized that I have been building something _____59_____, something that will last forever: I have been _____60_____ a family.
41. A. taken apart B. cleaned up C. washed away D. dug out
42. A. front B. path C. form D. charge
43. A. sighed B. danced C. floated D. regretted
44. A. ignore B. see C. refuse D. forget
45. A. embarrassed B. frightened C. guilty D. upset
46. A. future B. creation C. world D. gift
47. A. disappointment B. joy C. surprise D. sadness
48. A. difficult B. impossible C. silly D. great
49. A. keep B. stand C. avoid D. risk
50. A. tools B. shells C. shoes D. castles
51. A. value B. dream C. housework D. plan
52. A. last B. happen C. help D. disappear
53. A. empty B. dirty C. tidy D. dry
54. A. experiment B. test C. list D. puzzle
55. A. tears B. worries C. feelings D. efforts
56. A. doubted B. hoped C. meant D. realized
57. A. mattered B. grew C. changed D. existed
58. A. happily B. suddenly C. finally D. personally
59. A. physical B. moral C. important D. formal
60. A. protecting B. building C. designing D. adapting
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. D 56. A 57. A 58. A 59. C 60. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作为家庭主妇，作者总是感到有干不完的家务，她甚至一度怀疑过这些劳动的价值。有一天，受到她儿子在浪口堆城堡的启示，作者突然感悟到这些看起来劳而无功的家务却能留下永恒的印记：幸福的家庭。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管我警告过他它会被冲走，但他坚持要在每一个可能撞击海岸的海浪经过的地方建造它。A. taken apart拆开；分开；B. cleaned up清理；C. washed away冲走；D. dug out挖出。根据下文“waves that would crash on the shore”可知，城堡在海浪经过的地方会被冲走。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我警告过他它会被冲走，但他坚持要在每一个可能撞击海岸的海浪经过的地方建造它。A. front前面；前线；B. path路径；小路；C. form形式；形状；D. charge费用；控告。根据下文“of the waves that would crash on the shore.”可知，此处指在海浪经过的地方。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叹了口气，认为让他明白的唯一方法是让他做他喜欢的事情，看看会发生什么。A. sighed叹气；.B. dance跳舞；C. float漂浮；D. regretted后悔。根据前文“Although I warned him that it might be ____1____ , he insisted on building it in the ____2____ of the waves that would crash on the shore.”可知对于我的劝告儿子并没有听从，所以我只有叹气同时希望他能看看自己坚持的事情会有什么结果。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叹了口气，心想唯一能让他明白的办法就是做他喜欢做的事，让他看看会发生什么。A. ignore忽略；B. see看到；明白；C. refuse拒绝；D. forget忘记。根据空后“what would happen”可知，此处指作者想让儿子看看他所坚持的事会有什么结果。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只希望当第一波海浪摧毁了他的创作时，他不会太沮丧。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. frightened感到害怕的；C. guilty内疚的；D. upset不高兴的。根据空后“when the first wave destroyed his ____6____ .”可知，此处指作者担心儿子的城堡被摧毁时会心情不好。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只希望当第一波海浪摧毁了他的创作时，他不会太沮丧。A. future未来；B. creation创作；C. world世界；D. gift礼物。根据前文“he insisted on building it in the ____2____ of the waves that would crash on the shore.”以及后文“To my ____7____ , when the waves came and destroyed his castle,”可知此处指他的创作被毁。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，当海浪来袭摧毁他的城堡时，他甚至拍着手，高兴地说:“太好了！让我们再做一次！”A. disappointment失望；B. joy高兴；C. surprise惊讶；D. sadness伤心。根据下文“when the waves came and destroyed his castle, he even clapped his hands ”可知当海浪来摧毁他的城堡时，他甚至拍起了手，这令我非常惊讶。故选C项。.
48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太好了！让我们再做一次！A. difficult困难的；B. impossible不可能的；C. silly愚蠢的；D. great伟大的；好的。根据前文“But when the water came and washed away his castle, he jumped up and down and clapped his hands.”以及后文“Let’s do it again! ”可知，创作毁了他却认为非常好。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不明白他怎么能眼睁睁看着自己的劳动成果被毁掉。A. keep保持；B. stand忍受；站立；C. avoid避免；D. risk冒险。根据上一句“I couldn’t understand ”以及空后的“see his fruit of labor ruined ”可知，此处指在作者看来创作被毁应该是不能忍受的事情。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当海浪冲走城堡的时候真的很有趣吗？A. tools工具；B. shells贝壳；C. shoes鞋；D. castle城堡。根据前文“when the waves came and destroyed the castle, he even clapped his hands and said cheerfully”可知，此处指城堡被摧毁。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的回答使我想起了我的家务。A. value价值；B. dream梦想；C. housework家务活；D. plan计划。根据下句“Nothing I did at home ever seemed to ____12____ , too.”可知此处指儿子的回答让我想起了我在家里做的家务活。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在家里所做的一切似乎都不会持续很长一段时间。A. last持续；B. happen发生；C. help帮助；D. disappear消失。根据后文“I cleaned the floor only to see someone make it ____13____ again.”可知我在家里做的一切家务很快就会被毁坏，所以一切似乎都不会持续很长一段时间。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我擦了地板，却看到有人又把它弄脏了。A. empty空的；B. dirty脏的；C. tidy整洁的；D. dry干的。根据空前“Nothing I did at home ever seemed to ____12____ , too. I cleaned the floor only to see someone make it”可知我刚擦的地板很快就会被再弄脏。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的生活就是一个永无止境的任务清单。A. experiment试验；B. test检测；C. list列表；清单；D. puzzle困惑。根据空前“My life was just one never-ending to-do”可知此处指家里总是有数不尽的列出的家务等着我去做。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像Nathan建的沙堡一样，我所有的努力都被一个叫做家庭生活的巨浪冲走了。A. tears眼泪；B. worries担忧；C. feelings感觉；D. efforts努力。根据上文“Just like the sand castles Nathan built ”以及后文“I realized that I have been building something ____19____ , something that will last forever: I have been ____20____ a family.”可知此处指作者为家庭所付出的努力。故选D项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经怀疑过我所做的事情是否真的重要吗？A. doubted怀疑；B. hoped希望；C. meant打算；意味着；D. realized意识到。根据下句“whether the things I had done really ____17____ ? ”可知此处表示作者自问是否怀疑过自己所做的事情的重要性。故选A项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经怀疑过我所做的事情是否真的重要吗？A. mattered重要；B. grew成长；C. changed改变；D. existed存在。根据后文“As I recalled(回想) my child digging in the sand ____18____ , I realized that I have been building something ____19____ , something that will last forever: I have been ____20____ a family.” 可知此处指作者自问是否怀疑过自己所做的一切的重要性。故选A项。
【58题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但当我看到我的孩子在沙子里快乐地挖着时，我意识到我正在建造一些重要的东西，一些将永远存在的东西。A. happily高兴地；B. suddenly突然；C. finally最后；D. personally就个人而言。根据前文“One day, my three-year-old son decided to build a castle on a beach. Although I warned him that it might be ____1____ , he insisted on building it in the ____2____ of the waves that would crash on the shore.”以及“he even clapped his hands and said cheerfully,”可知孩子当时挖沙建城堡时是很快乐的。故选A项。
【59题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我看到我的孩子在沙子里快乐地挖着时，我意识到我正在建造一些重要的东西，一些将永远存在的东西。A. physical身体上的；B. moral道德的；C. important重要的；D. formal正式的。根据空后“something that will last forever.”可知，作者意识到自己所做的事情是重要的。故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在建造一个家。A. protecting保护；B. building建造；C. designing设计；D. adapting适应。根据上文“I’m building something, something that will last forever ”以及空后“family”可知，作者意识到自己一直在建造一个家。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hua Zhibing announced ____61____ June 3 in her blog that she will study in the Department of Computer Science at Tsinghua University in the upcoming semester. Hua is China’s first virtual student ____62____ (power) by Wudao 2.0, ____63____ artificial intelligence (AI) system.
____64____ really sets Hua apart from any average college student is her amazing learning ____65____ (able). She can learn much ____66____ (fast) than any average human being. “If she begins learning at the six year-old level this year, she can reach the level of a twelve year-old in one year,” said Tang Jie, the ____67____ (develop) of Hua Zhibing. “We aim ____68____ (teach) her to think and feel like a human being. Now, Hua is ____69____ (closely) to breaking the Turing Test in painting pictures, writing poems and answering questions. We hope that she will master these basic skills first and then seek breakthroughs in _____70_____ (reason) and feeling.”
【答案】61. on 62. powered
63. an 64. What
65. ability
66. faster 67. developer
68. to teach
69. close 70. reasoning
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了我国第一个人工智能大学生华智冰。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：6月3日，华智冰在她的博客中宣布，她将在即将到来的学期就读于清华大学计算机系。表示具体日期前应用介词on。故填on。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：华智冰是中国第一个由人工智能系统“悟道2.0”驱动的虚拟学生。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰student。而且非谓语动词power与student之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用所给动词的过去分词表被动。故填powered。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：华智冰是中国第一个由人工智能系统“悟道2.0”驱动的虚拟学生。system为单数可数名词，表示泛称，用不定冠词，又因为前面的artificial为元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【64题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：真正让华智冰与众不同的是她惊人的学习能力。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个主语从句，从句缺少主语，该空是指“her amazing learning ability”，所以此处用连接代词what，首字母大写。故填What。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：真正让华智冰与众不同的是她惊人的学习能力。根据前面的修饰语her amazing learning可知，此处需用所给形容词的名词形式ability，作主句表语。故填ability。
【66题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意：她比一般人学得快得多。根据句中的much和than可知，此处应用副词fast的比较级faster。故填faster。
【67题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果她今年开始学6岁学生的水平，一年就能达到12岁的水平，”华智冰的开发者唐杰说。根据前面的定冠词the可知，此处需用所给动词的名词形式。而且根据前面的Tang Jie可知，这里指的是华智冰的开发者，所以用单数名词developer。故填developer。
【68题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的目标是教她像人一样思考和感受。aim to do sth.意为“目标是做什么”，该空用不定式形式。故填to teach。
【69题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在，华智冰在画画、写诗和回答问题方面接近突破图灵测试。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作is的表语，所以用所给副词的形容词形式close。be close to与……近。故填close。
【70题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望她先掌握这些基本技能，然后在推理和情感上寻求突破。in为介词，所以用所给词的动名词reasoning作介词宾语，意为“推理”。故填reasoning。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last week, my mother and I fly from Los Angeles to Chicago to celebrate our sister’s graduation. We decided to treat ourselves to a nice hotel while staying in a city. So we checked into this hotel after a rough flight but we were not disappointed.
Its location could not have been better off, as we were offered the easiest access to Chicago’s cultural and shopping center. After a long day of exploring the city, we enjoyed a fantastic dinner in the hotel’s dining room where allowed us to overlook the beautiful city. The waiters were unbelievable helpful and made us feel very welcome with some friendly talks. The beef was cooking just right. I would recommend this hotel anyone traveling in Chicago!
【答案】1.fly→flew
2.our→my
3.city前a→the
4.but→and
5.删除off
6.center→centers
7.where→that/which
8.unbelievable→unbelievably
9.cooking→cooked
10.hotel后添加to
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和母亲去芝加哥庆祝妹妹毕业典礼的经历。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：上周，我和妈妈从洛杉矶飞往芝加哥，庆祝妹妹的毕业典礼。根据上文Last week可知为一般过去时。故fly改为flew。
2.考查代词。句意：上周，我和妈妈从洛杉矶飞往芝加哥，庆祝妹妹的毕业典礼。此处指作者的妹妹，应用代词my。故our改为my。
3.考查冠词。句意：我们决定在城里住的时候住一家不错的旅馆。此处city特指芝加哥这个城市，应用定冠词。故city前a改为the。
4.考查连词。句意：所以我们在一次颠簸的飞行后住进了这家酒店，我们没有失望。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。
5.考查固定短语。句意：它的地理位置再好不过了，因为我们可以最方便地到达芝加哥的文化和购物中心。此次后为否定词+比较级，表示最高级含义，不需要off。故删除off。
6.考查名词的数。句意：它的地理位置再好不过了，因为我们可以最方便地到达芝加哥的文化和购物中心。center为可数名词，根据cultural and shopping可知不止一个应用复数形式。故center改为centers。
7.考查定语从句。句意：经过一整天的城市探索，我们在酒店的餐厅享用了一顿美味的晚餐，可以俯瞰美丽的城市。定语从句修饰先行词room，在从句中作主语，指物，故用that或which引导。故where改为that/which。
8.考查副词。句意：服务员提供了令人难以置信的帮助，通过友好的交谈让我们感到非常受欢迎。修饰形容词helpful应用副词unbelievably，作状语。故unbelievable改为unbelievably。
9.考查语态。句意：牛肉煮得正合适。beef与cook构成被动关系，结合was为一般过去时的被动语态。故cooking改为cooked。
10.考查固定短语。句意：我会向所有来芝加哥旅游的人推荐这家酒店！短语recommend sth. to sb.表示“把……推荐给某人”。故hotel后添加to。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72. 假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的英文歌唱比赛。请给你的英国笔友David写封邮件求助，内容包括：
1. 说明比赛要求；
2. 请他推荐英文歌；
3. 请教英文歌的演唱技巧。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear David,
I’m planning to participate in the English Singing Contest to be held in our school next weekend, so I’m writing to ask for your help.
The content of the song selected for the contest must be positive and each competitor will be given five minutes to sing. Would you please recommend a suitable English song and offer me techniques of singing English songs? I’m sure your guidance will be of great help to me.
I would appreciate it if you could give me some help. I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友David写封邮件，向他求助关于学校组织的英文歌唱比赛的参赛事宜。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→join in
比赛：contest→competition
向某人求助：ask sb for help→turn to sb for help
选择：select→choose
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The content of the song selected for the contest must be positive and each competitor will be given five minutes to sing.
拓展句：The content of the song which is selected for the contest must be positive and each competitor will be given five minutes to sing.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sure your guidance will be of great help to me.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I would appreciate it if you could give me some help.（运用了固定句型，it作形式宾语）
青海省大通县教学研究室2023届高三开学摸底考试
英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the woman do today?
A. She made a plan. B. She practised the piano. C. She wrote letters.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I thought you had planned to practise the piano today, Lisa.
W: Well, I did nothing but write letters all day.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where will the woman go tomorrow afternoon?
A. The gym. B. The clinic. C. The school.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you want to go with me to the gym tomorrow morning? My trainer said she would give you a free class.
W: I would love to. Just remind me to go to my dentist appointment in the afternoon.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. visiting museums. B. Working out. C. Doing science projects.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: How long did it take you to finish your science project? I have been thinking about it all weekend, and I can’t come up with anything worth making! I don’t know what to do.
W: Don’t worry, Billy. It took me a couple of months to get my science project worked out when I was your age. It’ll come to you. Why don’t you try going to the museum?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How are the speakers probably feeling?
A. Tired. B. Relaxed. C. Bored.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s so quiet up here. And look at all those stars!
M: I know. This is why I like coming up here. It’s nice to get out of the city once in a while, and I must admit that I love sleeping outdoors like this.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman do before she leaves?
A. Clean up the office. B. Search for a new job. C. Delete all the files.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: You have one more month here before you get transferred to the Chicago office.
W: Don’t worry. I fully intend to use this time to clean up the office and organize all the files before I leave.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How old is the man’s little brother at present?
A. Thirteen. B. Fifteen. C. Sixteen.
7. What does the woman say about her two younger brothers?
A. They are difficult to deal with.
B. They have pains in their necks.
C. They are never rude to anyone.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Michael, your little brother was very rude to me last week. I was really surprised.
M: I’m sorry, Janice. He will be sixteen in three weeks, and he has changed a lot since he started high school.
W: I have two younger brothers myself, and they are not the easiest people to get along with, so I guess I can understand.
M: In all honesty, I know I was a pain in the neck when I was his age, too.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the woman looking for?
A. Her bag. B. Her ticket. C. Her passport.
9. What does the man expect the woman to do for him?
A. Find a bathroom. B. Buy him a drink. C. Lend money to him.
10. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. At the airport. C. At a travel agency.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you find your passport yet? The trip is in two days!
W: No, not yet, but I know it is somewhere around here!
M: Honey, you’d better find it! These tickets to France were not cheap.
W: I will, I will. You know me, always losing everything and then finding it at the last second...
M: Did you check the bathroom? Maybe it’s in your makeup bag. You could fit a house in that thing.
W: Why would I put it in there, Tim? That’s just silly. It probably fell under the desk.
M: If I check in the bathroom and it’s there, you owe me a drink! That’ll be the first thing we do when we get to the airport.
W: If you say so. I’m fairly certain I’m not that forgetful, though. Anyway, the drinks at the airport are usually pretty pricey.
M: Well, I guess you’d better start saving…
W: Why?
M: Guess what I found next to your lipstick?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where are the speakers now?
A. In New York. B. In Hawaii. C. In Bangkok.
12. What is the man’s video camera like?
A. It is heavy. B. It is strong. C. It is old.
13. How much did the man spend on the battery pack of his video camera?
A. $50. B. $200. C. $300.
【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: What a beautiful place this is!
M: Yeah. After the grayness of New York, the colors of Hawaii seem so bright.
W: Well, I’ve been to a lot of amazing beaches in Thailand and Mexico, but this is definitely one of the nicest ones I’ve been to. Why don’t we go for a swim? I hear there are lots of tropical fish we can see.
M: Good idea. I can use my new video camera—it’s waterproof.
W: Wow, where did you get that?
M: I got it in New York a week ago. It’s made by a company called GoPro. They specialize in making HD video cameras for outdoor sports. The bodies of their cameras are designed to be extra strong. The camera can handle being dropped, and I can use it underwater up to 60 meters deep.
W: And it’s so small and lightweight. How much did it cost?
M: Well, I could have gotten the older model for $200. But I bought the latest version for $300, because it’s lighter and has better picture quality. I also spent an extra $50 for an extra battery pack.
W: Well, let’s go so you can use it!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why will some invitations be sent out?
A. For a charity party. B. For a talent show. C. For a business conference.
15. When will the woman call the models?
A. This Monday. B. This weekend. C. Next week.
16. Who is probably the woman?
A. The man’s customer. B. The man’s manager. C. The man’s assistant.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to need those files edited and completed by Monday, Sarah. I expect to see them on my desk first thing next week.
W: You got it, Mr. Bensen. Is there anything in particular you would like me to include?
M: Just make sure that you highlight all of our upcoming shows. I want our clients to be aware of our new events and clothes styles.
W: Of course, sir. Should I start sending out the invitations for next month’s charity party?
M: Yes! That needs to be a huge success if we expect anything from our summer line to be ready anytime soon.
W: I’ll call the models this weekend and remind them of the fitting next week. Hopefully, they can be helpful for the donations for the event.
M: I would like to think so. Isn’t that what this business is all about—making people look good and being surrounded by the people that look the best?
W: I guess so, sir. I’d like to think that our market is more than just good-looking people, though.
M: What the media wants, Sarah, the media gets.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. When did Mozart begin to practise the piano?
A. At the age of three. B. At the age of five. C. At the age of eight.
18. How did Jimi Hendrix learn about music as a child?
A. His mother taught him.
B. He learned at school.
C. He learned through listening.
19. What can be known about Albert Einstein after he graduated from college?
A. He found a good job. B. He gave up his studies. C. He remained confident.
20. What plays the most important role in success in the speaker’s opinion?
A. Effort. B. Luck. C. Gift.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Nothing in this world can be achieved without effort. Mozart wasn’t born a composer. He practised the piano from the age of three and began composing by the age of five. His father, who was also his teacher, was very strict with the boy. Jimi Hendrix used to walk around his house with a guitar and play up to eight hours a day. As a child, Jimi used to listen to his father’s blues records alone with a broom, pretending to play it like a guitar. Neither of them had their gift just given to them at birth. They had to work hard and discover that they had a gift. And they didn’t just make do with what they had after that. They kept at it. Hendrix didn’t even know how to read music, so everything he learned, he learned through listening. Another example is Albert Einstein. the father of modern physics. He was told that he would never be a success at anything. No one wanted to hire him after he graduated from college. But he believed in himself, and he persevered with his studies on his own. Now, I’m not trying to say that everyone can be a Mozart or an Einstein if they just put in a lot of time doing something. But with effort and passion, one can achieve a great deal. Without those things, you’re not going to achieve much. Lucks comes to those who prepare for it. If you do something you love, don’t let little bumps along the road stop you.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Authors Share Their Favorite Books
Kristan Higgins
“Harriet the Spy by Louise Fitzhugh was a book I read over and over as a kid. I loved Harriet’s independence and drive and her ability to get where she wanted. Most of all, Harriet reminded me that everyone has a story worth reading.”
Kristan Higgins is a New York Times-bestselling author of more than 20 novels.
Nisha Sharma
“I was crazy about Pride and Prejudice from the moment I read the very first sentence. Elizabeth Bennet is a strong-willed heroine who knows her mind and her heart. At a young age, Jane Austen made me believe that strong women like Elizabeth deserve love from men who respect their intelligence. I can confidently say Jane Austen’s story shaped the direction of my writing career.”
Nisha Sharma is the author of My So-Called Bollywood Life.
Elyssa Friedland
“I absolutely adore Ella Enchanted by Gail Carson Levine. What could be better than a story about a girl forced to obey every order because of a gift from a fairy (仙女)? Tired of being taken advantage of, the girl, with a talking book as her companion, leaves her home to find the fairy to return her unwanted gift. This is a story about taking matters into one’s own hands and using wisdom and determination to overcome what seems like an insurmountable obstacle (不可逾越的障碍).”
Elyssa Friedland is the author of the novel named The Intermission.
Vesper Stamper
“It’s hard to beat the Bronte sisters for their woman power. My favorite book of all time is Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, which proves that a girl or woman can have inner strength and great power by being herself, even if that is ‘poor, plain and little’. Jane refuses to give in to moral convenience, at great cost to herself. As a result, she finds true love and changes the lives of those she comes across. A lesson for me: Sometimes it’s in the small acts that a real change is made.
Vesper Stamper is the author of What the Night Sings, an incredibly moving novel.
21. Whose book is Nisha Sharma’s favorite?
A. Louise Fitzhugh’s. B. Jane Austen’s.
C. Gail Carson Levine’s. D. Charlotte Bronte’s.
22. Which book is related to magic?
A. Harriet the Spy. B. Pride and Prejudice.
C. Ella Enchanted. D. Jane Eyre.
23. What do the four books shared by authors have in common?
A. Their main characters are females. B. Their authors were born very poor.
C. They focus on seeking for true love. D. They describe the authors’ own lives.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几位作家分享的各自最喜爱的书籍，这些书籍的主人公都是女性。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二本书第一段“I was crazy about Pride and Prejudice from the moment I read the very first sentence.(从我读到第一句话的那一刻起，我就为《傲慢与偏见》着迷)”以及“I can confidently say Jane Austen’s story shaped the direction of my writing career. (我可以自信地说，简·奥斯汀的故事塑造了我写作生涯的方向)”可知，Jane Austen的书是Nisha Sharma的最爱。故选B。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三本书第一段“I absolutely adore Ella Enchanted by Gail Carson Levine. What could be better than a story about a girl forced to obey every order because of a gift from a fairy (仙女)? Tired of being taken advantage of, the girl, with a talking book as her companion, leaves her home to find the fairy to return her unwanted gift.(我非常喜欢盖尔·卡森·莱文的《迷人的艾拉》。有什么能比一个女孩因为仙女的礼物而被迫服从每一个命令的故事更好呢？这个女孩厌倦了被利用，带着一本会说话的书，离开家去找仙女归还她不想要的礼物)”可推断，Ella Enchanted这本书与魔法有关。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解題。根据第一本书第一段“I loved Harriet’s independence and drive and her ability to get where she wanted.(我喜欢哈丽特的独立和动力，以及她达到自己目标的能力)”；第二本书第一段“Elizabeth Bennet is a strong-willed heroine who knows her mind and her heart.(伊丽莎白·班纳特是一位意志坚强的女主人公，她知道自己的想法和内心)”；第三本书第一段“What could be better than a story about a girl forced to obey every order because of a gift from a fairy (仙女)?(有什么能比一个女孩因为仙女的礼物而被迫服从每一个命令的故事更好呢？)”以及第四本书第一段“My favorite book of all time is Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, which proves that a girl or woman can have inner strength and great power by being herself, even if that is ‘poor, plain and little’. (我一直最喜欢的书是夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》，它证明了一个女孩或女人可以通过做自己而拥有内在的力量和伟大的力量，即使她“贫穷、平凡、渺小”)”可知，分享的书籍的主人公都是女性。故选A。
B
Masuma Ahuja can vividly recall what she wore on her first day of school in the United States: black jeans and a gray and orange T-shirt.
It was the early 2000s and her family had just moved from India to Pittsburgh. She remembers an American boy at her middle school asking her, on that very first day, about what she was wearing. He said, “Oh, I didn’t realize that you wore Western clothes in India.”
He thought India was a place where there were snake charmers and elephants on the street. The India that her classmate had pictured was pulled from storybooks and fantasy but the reality was that Ahuja grew up in more wealthy neighborhoods of Mumbai and Bangalore. Those misconceptions about the lives of those in different places — especially women and girls — stuck with her as she went on to become a journalist at The Washington Post and CNN.
And it raised a question — what is life really like for girls around the world? She sets out to answer it in her new book, Girlhood: Teenagers Around The World In Their Own Voices. Published in February, it captures snapshots (捕获快照) of everyday life from 30 girls around the globe in the form of diary entries.
There’s Claudie, a 13-year-old surfer from Pango Village in Vanuatu who dreams of becoming a lawyer; Halima, a 17-year-old from Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, who listens to and intends to follow a famous singer Celine Dion and helps her father peel (削皮) potatoes for his job before school; Sattigul, a 16- year-old who comes from a family of nomadic herders (游牧民族) in Mongolia, loves her pet eagle and wants to be an English translator one day.
When asked about what she hoped her readers could take away from her book, Ahuja said, “I hope that every reader will find themselves reflected in unexpected corners of their stories. And I hope that every girl who picks up the book recognizes that her voice is important and unique.”
24. How did Ahuja’s American classmate feel about her dressing?
A. Terrified. B. Bored. C. Pleased. D. Surprised.
25. Why did Ahuja write her new book?
A. To realize her dream to be a famous journalist.
B. To help women to fight for their place at work.
C. To advertise her own country around the world.
D. To show the real lives of girls in different places.
26. What do the girls mentioned in paragraph 5 have in common?
A. They do well in schoolwork. B. They have their own dreams.
C. They live in wealthy families. D. They make a living themselves.
27. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Ahuja’s praise for girls’ confidence. B. Why every girl’s voice matters a lot.
C. Ahuja’s expectations for her readers. D. Why girls think highly of Ahuja’s book.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Masuma Ahuja在美国上学的第一天穿的衣服——黑色牛仔裤和灰橙色T恤，这让她的同学对她的打扮很惊讶，因为他心中的印度人形象都是从故事书中得到的。关于不同世界的人（尤其是女性）的错误观念一直存在，这促使Masuma Ahuja写了一本书，这本书以日记的形式记录了来自世界各地的女孩的真实生活。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“He said, “Oh, I didn’t realize that you wore Western clothes in India.”(他说，“哦，我不知道你在印度也穿西式服装。”)”可推断，Ahuja的美国同学看到她的西式穿着后，感觉很惊讶。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“And it raised a question — what is life really like for girls around the world? She sets out to answer it in her new book, Girlhood: Teenagers Around The World In Their Own Voices.(这引发了一个问题——世界各地女孩的生活到底是什么样的？她打算在她的新书《少女时代：用自己的声音看世界各地的青少年》中回答这个问题。)”可知，Ahuja写新书是为了展现不同地方的女孩的真实生活。故选D项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“There’s Claudie, a 13-year-old surfer from Pango Village in Vanuatu who dreams of becoming a lawyer; Halima, a 17-year-old from Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, who listens to and intends to follow a famous singer Celine Dion and helps her father peel (削皮) potatoes for his job before school; Sattigul, a 16- year-old who comes from a family of nomadic herders (游牧民族) in Mongolia, loves her pet eagle and wants to be an English translator one day.( Claudie，一个来自瓦努阿图Pango村13岁冲浪者，梦想成为一名律师；17岁的Halima来自阿富汗Mazar-i-Sharif，她喜欢听著名歌手Celine Dion的歌，并打算效仿Celine Dion，上学前还帮父亲削土豆皮。16岁的Sattigul来自蒙古的一个游牧家庭，她喜欢她的宠物鹰，并希望有一天能成为一名英语翻译。) ”可知，第五段提到的三个女孩的共同之处是她们都有自己的梦想。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意題。根据最后一段“When asked about what she hoped her readers could take away from her book, Ahuja said, “I hope that every reader will find themselves reflected in unexpected corners of their stories. And I hope that every girl who picks up the book recognizes that her voice is important and unique.”(当被问及她希望读者能从她的书中得到什么时，Ahuja说：“我希望每个读者都能在她们的故事中意想不到的角落里发现自己的影子。我希望每个拿起这本书的女孩都能意识到自己的声音是重要而独特的。”)”可知，本段主要讲述了Ahuja对读者的期望。故选C项。
C
Residents (居民) of South Asia already regularly experience heat waves at the current level of warming. But a new study in Geophysical Research Letters projecting the amount of heat stress residents of the region (地区) will experience in the future finds with 2℃ of warming, the population’s exposure to heat stress will increase by two times.
“The future looks bad for South Asia, but the worst can be avoided by containing warming to as low as possible,” said Moetasim Ashfaq, the corresponding author of the new study. “The need for adaptation over South Asia is today, not in the future. It’s not a choice anymore.”
Earth has warmed by 1℃ since the start of the Industrial Revolution according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It may reach 1.5℃ of warming in 2040. This deadline leaves little time for South Asian countries to adapt. “Only half a degree increase from today is going to cause a widespread increase in heat events,” Ashfaq said.
People living in South Asia are especially affected by deadly heat waves because the area already experiences particularly hot summers. Almost one quarter of the world’s population lives in South Asia. Much of the population live in populated cities without regular access to air conditioning, and about 60% perform agricultural work and can’t escape the heat by staying indoors.
Controlling warming to 1.5℃ will likely cut that exposure in half, but large numbers of people across South Asia will still experience extreme temperatures. An increase in heat events that create unsafe labor conditions is likely to occur in major crop producing regions in India, such as West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. Coastal regions and urban centers such as Karachi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Hyderabad and Peshawar are also likely to be heavily affected, according to the study.
“Even at 1.5℃, South Asia will have serious consequences in terms of heat stress,” Ashfaq said. “That’s why there is a need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放).”
28. What does Moetasim Ashfaq stress in paragraph 2?
A. The difficulty of controlling warming.
B. The way to cut exposure to heat stress.
C. The urgency of handling climate change.
D. The bright future for South Asian countries.
29. What can be known about residents in South Asia?
A. They’ve been suffering a lot from heat. B. They’re actually poor at growing crops.
C. They generally live far from each other. D. They have easy access to air conditioning.
30. What damage will the heat waves bring to India?
A. It will harm crop production. B. It will cut down labor demand.
C. It will cause more air pollution. D. It will lead to crowding in cities.
31. What does Moetasim Ashfaq think of limiting warming to 1.5℃?
A. It is not possible at all. B. It is still far from enough.
C. It frees people from heat stress. D. It helps to improve population.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究预测了南亚居民在未来将经历的气候变暖带来的困难。研究发现，随着气候变暖，南亚居民面临的压力将增加很多。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Moetasim Ashfaq所说话，尤其是“The need for adaptation over South Asia is today, not in the future. It’s not a choice anymore.(南亚现在就需要适应气候变化，而不是未来。这已经不是一个选择了)”可知，Moetasim Ashfaq强调了应对气候变化的紧迫性。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“People living in South Asia are especially affected by deadly heat waves because the area already experiences particularly hot summers.(生活在南亚的人们尤其受到致命热浪的影响，因为该地区已经经历了特别炎热的夏季)”及第五段“Controlling warming to 1.5℃ will likely cut that exposure in half, but large numbers of people across South Asia will still experience extreme temperatures.(将升温控制在1.5℃可能会使暴露量减少一半，但南亚地区的大量人口仍将经历极端温度)”可知，南亚的居民一直以来深受热浪的折磨。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“An increase in heat events that create unsafe labor conditions is likely to occur in major crop producing regions in India, such as West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.(在印度的西孟加拉邦和北方邦等主要农作物产区，造成不安全劳动条件的高温事件可能会增加)”可知，热浪可能会危及印度的粮食生产。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Even at 1.5℃, South Asia will have serious consequences in terms of heat stress,’ Ashfaq said.(‘即使气温上升到1.5℃，南亚也会在热应激方面产生严重后果。’Ashfaq说)”可推断，Moetasim Ashfaq认为将增加的温度控制在1.5℃依然是远远不够的，还需要进一步采取措施应对气候变暖。故选B。
D
For generations, we’ve spent the first third of our lives acquiring the college degrees we need to find jobs. These degrees are the stamps on our professional passports that pave the way for the remaining two-thirds of our journey. However, the future of work won’t be about college degrees; it’ll be about job skills.
According to the World Economic Forum, over one billion jobs, almost one-third of all jobs worldwide, are likely to be transformed by technology in the next decade. We’ve already seen this happen. Think of the apps you use to shop, track orders and simply stay informed. The stores need to keep them up and running at all hours, day after day, all year round, meaning they need those who can analyze and secure customer data.
In these and other similar situations, people are the organizing force making sure technology works the way we want it to. This means a quick rise in new kinds of digital jobs. According to the Forum’s Jobs of Tomorrow report, there’ll be a rapid influx of roles at the forefront of the data and AI economy, as well as new roles in engineering, cloud computing and product development. These jobs need talent with relevant skills, and importantly these skills can be learnt even by those without college degrees.
Shifting our focus from degrees to skills will mean transitioning (过渡) to always-on skills-based education and employment organizations that acknowledge not just certification but fitness-for-job and employment as outcomes. In recent years, several companies have focused on continuous learning for the workforce — the trend will become stronger.
When it comes to skills, employers look for more than just technical skills. Companies want people with an eye for detail, creative problem-solving skills, a collaborative mindset and an ability to handle complex issues. These too are skills that can be learnt. Anyhow, lifelong learners with ever relevant skills will be in greater demand in the workplace.
32. How does technology influence the jobs?
A. It calls for higher demands for degrees. B. It makes many jobs less challenging.
C. It reduces their dependence on degrees. D. It connects them with degrees closely.
33. What does the underlined word “influx” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Change. B. Recovery. C. Decline. D. Increase.
34. What will future employers value most concerning their staff?
A. Their traditional technical skills. B. Their continuous learning abilities.
C. Their certification-based education. D. Their desire to start their own business
35. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Skills Are Different From Degrees B. Degrees Will Be More Competitive
C. Degrees Will Shape the Future of Work D. Skills Are More Vital for Future Work
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述技能（如专业的工作技能、应变技巧和学习能力）在未来的工作中更重要。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“These jobs need talent with relevant skills, and importantly these skills can be learnt even by those without college degrees.(这些工作需要具有相关技能的人才，重要的是，即使没有大学学位，这些技能也可以学习)”可推断，科技降低了工作对学历的依赖，突出技能的重要性。故选C。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词前句“This means a quick rise in new kinds of digital jobs.(这意味着新型数字化工作将迅速增加)”中的“a quick rise”可推断，画线词所在句意为：根据世界经济论坛的《未来工作报告》，数据和人工智能经济领域的前沿职位将迅速涌入，工程、云计算和产品开发领域也将出现新职位，influx的意思与Increase(增加)最为接近。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In recent years, several companies have focused on continuous learning for the workforce — the trend will become stronger.(近年来，一些公司已经开始关注员工的持续学习——这种趋势将变得更加强烈)”及最后一段“Anyhow, lifelong learners with ever relevant skills will be in greater demand in the workplace.(无论如何，拥有相关技能的终身学习者在工作场所将会更受欢迎)”可知，未来的雇主会更看重员工的持续学习的能力。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段提出的论点“However, the future of work won’t be about college degrees; it’ll be about job skills.(然而，未来的工作将不再是大学学位;这是关于工作技能的)”及之后的具体论证可知，文章主要论述技能（如专业的工作技能、应变技巧和学习能力）在未来的工作中更重要，D项“技能对未来工作更为重要”适合做文章标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do we like somebody else? One factor(因素) may be intelligence. It could be assumed that people generally like other people better if they’re smarter, as they might be more interesting to talk to. ____36____ If someone is too smart, somebody with lower intelligence may not like them as they might feel that they look worse in comparison. In contrast, a really smart person might feel that somebody with lower intelligence is less likable.
____37____ In the study, researcher Maria Flakus and her team analyzed data gathered from Polish high school students. The results of the study indicated that being intelligent influenced both being liked and liking others. Interestingly, it did so in opposite ways. ____38____ However, they tended to like fewer people than less intelligent students. Specifically, smart students had a tendency to only like others that were as smart as themselves.
Importantly, the effect of liking others due to their intelligence was strongest during the first test and became weaker over time. Thus, over time, the importance of intelligence in building social relationships decreases. ____39____ The researchers suggest that over time, knowing about the shared interests of others may be a more important factor in liking than knowing they’re smart.
In contrast, the effect of smart students only liking others that were equally intelligent remained significant over the course of the year, although it became a bit weaker. The researchers warn that this may lead to intelligent students being seen as isolated(孤立的) by others. This may become problematic if the smart students are viewed as too proud. ____40____
A. Instead, other factors become more important.
B. Smart people in the study tended to like nobody.
C. Intelligent students were liked better by their classmates.
D. The relationship between intelligence and being liked is complex.
E. A recent study looked into the link between intelligence and being liked,
F. But this association may also be a function of the intelligence of both people.
G. Thus, smart people may wish to be careful to take care of their social relationships.
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. C 39. A 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了影响人们彼此喜欢的因素。
36题详解】
根据下文“If someone is too smart, somebody with lower intelligence may not like them as they might feel that they look worse in comparison, In contrast, a really smart person might feel that somebody with lower intelligence is less likable.(如果有人太聪明，较低智商的人可能不喜欢他们，因为和太聪明人相比，他们会自惭形秽。比较起来，一个很聪明的人可能不喜欢较低智商的人)”可知，聪明和被喜欢之间的关系很复杂。因此D.“The relationship between intelligence and being liked is complex. (聪明和被喜欢之间的关系很复杂)”符合语境。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据下文“In the study, researcher Maria Flakus and her team analyzed data gathered from Polish high school students. (在这个研究中，研究员Maria Flakus和她的团队分析来自波兰一所高中的学生的数据)”可知，空格处因该是开展了一项研究。因此E.“A recent study looked into the link between intelligence and being liked, (一项研究调查聪明和被喜欢之间的联系)”符合语境。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据下文“However, they tended to like fewer people than less intelligent students. (然而，他们喜欢的人要比不聪明的学生喜欢的人要少)”可知，聪明的学生被许多人喜欢，但是他们喜欢的人却很少。因此C.“Intelligent students were liked better by their classmates. (聪明的学生比较被他们的同学喜欢)”符合语境。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Thus, over time, the importance of intelligence in building social relationships decreases. (因此，随着时间的推移，在构建社会关系中聪明的重要性降低了)”可知，在构建社会关系中，聪明只是一个因素，还有其它的因素。因此A.“Instead, other factors become more important. (相反，其它因素变得重要起来)”符合语境。故选A。
【40题详解】
根据上文“This may become problematic if the smart students are viewed as too proud. (如果聪明学生被认为太自傲，这可能会成为问题)”可知，聪明学生容易被孤立，因此下文是他们应该注意的事情。G.“Thus, smart people may wish to be careful to take care of their social relationships. (因此，聪明学生可能希望小心地照顾他们的社会关系)”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my three-year-old son decided to build a castle on a beach. Although I warned him that it might be ____41____, he insisted on building it in the ____42____ of the waves that would crash on the shore.
I ____43____, figuring the only way to make him understand was to let him do whatever he liked and ____44____ what would happen. I only hoped that he wouldn’t be too ____45____ when the first wave destroyed his ____46____.
To my ____47____, when the waves came and destroyed his castle, he even clapped his hands and said cheerfully, “That’s ____48____! Let’s do it again!”
I couldn’t understand how he could ____49____ seeing his fruit of labor ruined.
“Was it really fun when the waves destroyed the _____50_____?” I asked when we were on the way home.
“Yes,” he said.
His reply reminded me of my _____51_____. Nothing I did at home ever seemed to _____52_____, too. I cleaned the floor only to see someone make it _____53_____ again. My life was just one never-ending to-do _____54_____. Just like the sand castles my son built, all my _____55_____ were wiped away by a wave called Family Life. Had I even _____56_____ whether the things I had done really _____57_____?
As I recalled(回想) my child digging in the sand _____58_____, I realized that I have been building something _____59_____, something that will last forever: I have been _____60_____ a family.
41. A. taken apart B. cleaned up C. washed away D. dug out
42. A. front B. path C. form D. charge
43. A. sighed B. danced C. floated D. regretted
44. A. ignore B. see C. refuse D. forget
45. A. embarrassed B. frightened C. guilty D. upset
46. A. future B. creation C. world D. gift
47. A. disappointment B. joy C. surprise D. sadness
48. A. difficult B. impossible C. silly D. great
49. A. keep B. stand C. avoid D. risk
50. A. tools B. shells C. shoes D. castles
51. A. value B. dream C. housework D. plan
52. A. last B. happen C. help D. disappear
53. A. empty B. dirty C. tidy D. dry
54. A. experiment B. test C. list D. puzzle
55. A. tears B. worries C. feelings D. efforts
56. A. doubted B. hoped C. meant D. realized
57. A. mattered B. grew C. changed D. existed
58. A. happily B. suddenly C. finally D. personally
59. A. physical B. moral C. important D. formal
60. A. protecting B. building C. designing D. adapting
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. D 56. A 57. A 58. A 59. C 60. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作为家庭主妇，作者总是感到有干不完的家务，她甚至一度怀疑过这些劳动的价值。有一天，受到她儿子在浪口堆城堡的启示，作者突然感悟到这些看起来劳而无功的家务却能留下永恒的印记：幸福的家庭。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管我警告过他它会被冲走，但他坚持要在每一个可能撞击海岸的海浪经过的地方建造它。A. taken apart拆开；分开；B. cleaned up清理；C. washed away冲走；D. dug out挖出。根据下文“waves that would crash on the shore”可知，城堡在海浪经过的地方会被冲走。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我警告过他它会被冲走，但他坚持要在每一个可能撞击海岸的海浪经过的地方建造它。A. front前面；前线；B. path路径；小路；C. form形式；形状；D. charge费用；控告。根据下文“of the waves that would crash on the shore.”可知，此处指在海浪经过的地方。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叹了口气，认为让他明白的唯一方法是让他做他喜欢的事情，看看会发生什么。A. sighed叹气；.B. dance跳舞；C. float漂浮；D. regretted后悔。根据前文“Although I warned him that it might be ____1____ , he insisted on building it in the ____2____ of the waves that would crash on the shore.”可知对于我的劝告儿子并没有听从，所以我只有叹气同时希望他能看看自己坚持的事情会有什么结果。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叹了口气，心想唯一能让他明白的办法就是做他喜欢做的事，让他看看会发生什么。A. ignore忽略；B. see看到；明白；C. refuse拒绝；D. forget忘记。根据空后“what would happen”可知，此处指作者想让儿子看看他所坚持的事会有什么结果。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只希望当第一波海浪摧毁了他的创作时，他不会太沮丧。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. frightened感到害怕的；C. guilty内疚的；D. upset不高兴的。根据空后“when the first wave destroyed his ____6____ .”可知，此处指作者担心儿子的城堡被摧毁时会心情不好。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只希望当第一波海浪摧毁了他的创作时，他不会太沮丧。A. future未来；B. creation创作；C. world世界；D. gift礼物。根据前文“he insisted on building it in the ____2____ of the waves that would crash on the shore.”以及后文“To my ____7____ , when the waves came and destroyed his castle,”可知此处指他的创作被毁。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，当海浪来袭摧毁他的城堡时，他甚至拍着手，高兴地说:“太好了！让我们再做一次！”A. disappointment失望；B. joy高兴；C. surprise惊讶；D. sadness伤心。根据下文“when the waves came and destroyed his castle, he even clapped his hands ”可知当海浪来摧毁他的城堡时，他甚至拍起了手，这令我非常惊讶。故选C项。.
48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太好了！让我们再做一次！A. difficult困难的；B. impossible不可能的；C. silly愚蠢的；D. great伟大的；好的。根据前文“But when the water came and washed away his castle, he jumped up and down and clapped his hands.”以及后文“Let’s do it again! ”可知，创作毁了他却认为非常好。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不明白他怎么能眼睁睁看着自己的劳动成果被毁掉。A. keep保持；B. stand忍受；站立；C. avoid避免；D. risk冒险。根据上一句“I couldn’t understand ”以及空后的“see his fruit of labor ruined ”可知，此处指在作者看来创作被毁应该是不能忍受的事情。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当海浪冲走城堡的时候真的很有趣吗？A. tools工具；B. shells贝壳；C. shoes鞋；D. castle城堡。根据前文“when the waves came and destroyed the castle, he even clapped his hands and said cheerfully”可知，此处指城堡被摧毁。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的回答使我想起了我的家务。A. value价值；B. dream梦想；C. housework家务活；D. plan计划。根据下句“Nothing I did at home ever seemed to ____12____ , too.”可知此处指儿子的回答让我想起了我在家里做的家务活。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在家里所做的一切似乎都不会持续很长一段时间。A. last持续；B. happen发生；C. help帮助；D. disappear消失。根据后文“I cleaned the floor only to see someone make it ____13____ again.”可知我在家里做的一切家务很快就会被毁坏，所以一切似乎都不会持续很长一段时间。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我擦了地板，却看到有人又把它弄脏了。A. empty空的；B. dirty脏的；C. tidy整洁的；D. dry干的。根据空前“Nothing I did at home ever seemed to ____12____ , too. I cleaned the floor only to see someone make it”可知我刚擦的地板很快就会被再弄脏。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的生活就是一个永无止境的任务清单。A. experiment试验；B. test检测；C. list列表；清单；D. puzzle困惑。根据空前“My life was just one never-ending to-do”可知此处指家里总是有数不尽的列出的家务等着我去做。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像Nathan建的沙堡一样，我所有的努力都被一个叫做家庭生活的巨浪冲走了。A. tears眼泪；B. worries担忧；C. feelings感觉；D. efforts努力。根据上文“Just like the sand castles Nathan built ”以及后文“I realized that I have been building something ____19____ , something that will last forever: I have been ____20____ a family.”可知此处指作者为家庭所付出的努力。故选D项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经怀疑过我所做的事情是否真的重要吗？A. doubted怀疑；B. hoped希望；C. meant打算；意味着；D. realized意识到。根据下句“whether the things I had done really ____17____ ? ”可知此处表示作者自问是否怀疑过自己所做的事情的重要性。故选A项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经怀疑过我所做的事情是否真的重要吗？A. mattered重要；B. grew成长；C. changed改变；D. existed存在。根据后文“As I recalled(回想) my child digging in the sand ____18____ , I realized that I have been building something ____19____ , something that will last forever: I have been ____20____ a family.” 可知此处指作者自问是否怀疑过自己所做的一切的重要性。故选A项。
【58题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但当我看到我的孩子在沙子里快乐地挖着时，我意识到我正在建造一些重要的东西，一些将永远存在的东西。A. happily高兴地；B. suddenly突然；C. finally最后；D. personally就个人而言。根据前文“One day, my three-year-old son decided to build a castle on a beach. Although I warned him that it might be ____1____ , he insisted on building it in the ____2____ of the waves that would crash on the shore.”以及“he even clapped his hands and said cheerfully,”可知孩子当时挖沙建城堡时是很快乐的。故选A项。
【59题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我看到我的孩子在沙子里快乐地挖着时，我意识到我正在建造一些重要的东西，一些将永远存在的东西。A. physical身体上的；B. moral道德的；C. important重要的；D. formal正式的。根据空后“something that will last forever.”可知，作者意识到自己所做的事情是重要的。故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在建造一个家。A. protecting保护；B. building建造；C. designing设计；D. adapting适应。根据上文“I’m building something, something that will last forever ”以及空后“family”可知，作者意识到自己一直在建造一个家。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hua Zhibing announced ____61____ June 3 in her blog that she will study in the Department of Computer Science at Tsinghua University in the upcoming semester. Hua is China’s first virtual student ____62____ (power) by Wudao 2.0, ____63____ artificial intelligence (AI) system.
____64____ really sets Hua apart from any average college student is her amazing learning ____65____ (able). She can learn much ____66____ (fast) than any average human being. “If she begins learning at the six year-old level this year, she can reach the level of a twelve year-old in one year,” said Tang Jie, the ____67____ (develop) of Hua Zhibing. “We aim ____68____ (teach) her to think and feel like a human being. Now, Hua is ____69____ (closely) to breaking the Turing Test in painting pictures, writing poems and answering questions. We hope that she will master these basic skills first and then seek breakthroughs in _____70_____ (reason) and feeling.”
【答案】61. on 62. powered
63. an 64. What
65. ability
66. faster 67. developer
68. to teach
69. close 70. reasoning
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了我国第一个人工智能大学生华智冰。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：6月3日，华智冰在她的博客中宣布，她将在即将到来的学期就读于清华大学计算机系。表示具体日期前应用介词on。故填on。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：华智冰是中国第一个由人工智能系统“悟道2.0”驱动的虚拟学生。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰student。而且非谓语动词power与student之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用所给动词的过去分词表被动。故填powered。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：华智冰是中国第一个由人工智能系统“悟道2.0”驱动的虚拟学生。system为单数可数名词，表示泛称，用不定冠词，又因为前面的artificial为元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【64题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：真正让华智冰与众不同的是她惊人的学习能力。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个主语从句，从句缺少主语，该空是指“her amazing learning ability”，所以此处用连接代词what，首字母大写。故填What。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：真正让华智冰与众不同的是她惊人的学习能力。根据前面的修饰语her amazing learning可知，此处需用所给形容词的名词形式ability，作主句表语。故填ability。
【66题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意：她比一般人学得快得多。根据句中的much和than可知，此处应用副词fast的比较级faster。故填faster。
【67题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果她今年开始学6岁学生的水平，一年就能达到12岁的水平，”华智冰的开发者唐杰说。根据前面的定冠词the可知，此处需用所给动词的名词形式。而且根据前面的Tang Jie可知，这里指的是华智冰的开发者，所以用单数名词developer。故填developer。
【68题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的目标是教她像人一样思考和感受。aim to do sth.意为“目标是做什么”，该空用不定式形式。故填to teach。
【69题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在，华智冰在画画、写诗和回答问题方面接近突破图灵测试。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作is的表语，所以用所给副词的形容词形式close。be close to与……近。故填close。
【70题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望她先掌握这些基本技能，然后在推理和情感上寻求突破。in为介词，所以用所给词的动名词reasoning作介词宾语，意为“推理”。故填reasoning。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last week, my mother and I fly from Los Angeles to Chicago to celebrate our sister’s graduation. We decided to treat ourselves to a nice hotel while staying in a city. So we checked into this hotel after a rough flight but we were not disappointed.
Its location could not have been better off, as we were offered the easiest access to Chicago’s cultural and shopping center. After a long day of exploring the city, we enjoyed a fantastic dinner in the hotel’s dining room where allowed us to overlook the beautiful city. The waiters were unbelievable helpful and made us feel very welcome with some friendly talks. The beef was cooking just right. I would recommend this hotel anyone traveling in Chicago!
【答案】1.fly→flew
2.our→my
3.city前a→the
4.but→and
5.删除off
6.center→centers
7.where→that/which
8.unbelievable→unbelievably
9.cooking→cooked
10.hotel后添加to
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和母亲去芝加哥庆祝妹妹毕业典礼的经历。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：上周，我和妈妈从洛杉矶飞往芝加哥，庆祝妹妹的毕业典礼。根据上文Last week可知为一般过去时。故fly改为flew。
2.考查代词。句意：上周，我和妈妈从洛杉矶飞往芝加哥，庆祝妹妹的毕业典礼。此处指作者的妹妹，应用代词my。故our改为my。
3.考查冠词。句意：我们决定在城里住的时候住一家不错的旅馆。此处city特指芝加哥这个城市，应用定冠词。故city前a改为the。
4.考查连词。句意：所以我们在一次颠簸的飞行后住进了这家酒店，我们没有失望。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。
5.考查固定短语。句意：它的地理位置再好不过了，因为我们可以最方便地到达芝加哥的文化和购物中心。此次后为否定词+比较级，表示最高级含义，不需要off。故删除off。
6.考查名词的数。句意：它的地理位置再好不过了，因为我们可以最方便地到达芝加哥的文化和购物中心。center为可数名词，根据cultural and shopping可知不止一个应用复数形式。故center改为centers。
7.考查定语从句。句意：经过一整天的城市探索，我们在酒店的餐厅享用了一顿美味的晚餐，可以俯瞰美丽的城市。定语从句修饰先行词room，在从句中作主语，指物，故用that或which引导。故where改为that/which。
8.考查副词。句意：服务员提供了令人难以置信的帮助，通过友好的交谈让我们感到非常受欢迎。修饰形容词helpful应用副词unbelievably，作状语。故unbelievable改为unbelievably。
9.考查语态。句意：牛肉煮得正合适。beef与cook构成被动关系，结合was为一般过去时的被动语态。故cooking改为cooked。
10.考查固定短语。句意：我会向所有来芝加哥旅游的人推荐这家酒店！短语recommend sth. to sb.表示“把……推荐给某人”。故hotel后添加to。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72. 假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的英文歌唱比赛。请给你的英国笔友David写封邮件求助，内容包括：
1. 说明比赛要求；
2. 请他推荐英文歌；
3. 请教英文歌的演唱技巧。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear David,
I’m planning to participate in the English Singing Contest to be held in our school next weekend, so I’m writing to ask for your help.
The content of the song selected for the contest must be positive and each competitor will be given five minutes to sing. Would you please recommend a suitable English song and offer me techniques of singing English songs? I’m sure your guidance will be of great help to me.
I would appreciate it if you could give me some help. I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友David写封邮件，向他求助关于学校组织的英文歌唱比赛的参赛事宜。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→join in
比赛：contest→competition
向某人求助：ask sb for help→turn to sb for help
选择：select→choose
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The content of the song selected for the contest must be positive and each competitor will be given five minutes to sing.
拓展句：The content of the song which is selected for the contest must be positive and each competitor will be given five minutes to sing.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sure your guidance will be of great help to me.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I would appreciate it if you could give me some help.（运用了固定句型，it作形式宾语）
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